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IE NEW YORK HERALD. WHOLE NO. 6415. ? MORNING EDITION-MONDAY, APRIL 17, 1854. ? PRICE TWO CENTS. ARRIVAL OF THE ARCTIC. fERY IMPORTANT FROM EUROPE. IDVANCE OF THE RUSSIANS INTO BULGARIA Defeat of the Turks in the Dobrudscha. CAPTURE OF HIRSOVA. EW PROPOSITION OF THE CZAR 01 RUSSIA. eportcd Important Movements of the Russian Fleet in the Black Sea. liglily luterestiug Debate in the British Farlitiineul. ^naly>is of the Secret Aa^lo-Russian forrcspondeuce. WAR BETWEEN TURKEY AND UREEl'E. Cuban Slave Trade and the Blark War rior AQali*. IMPROVEMENT IT THE MARKETS, &c., * Ac, &C. I Hie Collins mail steamship Arctic, Capt. Luce, arrived L Mix o'clock yesterday morning. She left Liverpool at ilf-paat two o'clock on Wednesday afternoon, the 5th ist. Her news is four days later. She brings one hun ted and twenty-seven paasenft rs and a full freight. I Among the passengers we uotico the names of the o^ Humphrey Marshall, our late Commissioner to ha; James T. Brady, Loq., Col. Colt, and Capt. Co.n ck. of the Baltic. I The news from the Lowor Danube is highly interesting. lieRussiaus had seized neatly the whole of the i?o udscha. and about forty-five thousand of the Czar's x>ps occupied the territory between the Trajan Wall Ld the Danube. Oiner l'aclia, with u large force, was ncentruting for an attack on Karasu and Silistria. ? next advices from that quarter will be of the highest Iterest. IThe mission of Prince f'.corge of Mecklenburg Strclitz I Berlin, is for the purpose of conveying a letter from le Emperor of Russia to the King of Prus <ia. said to con fin a proposition of the willingness of the Czar to lacuatc the Principalities simultaneously with the ovu lation of the Euxine by the combined ileets, provided le Western Powers succeed in securing by treaty the poncipation of the Christians in Turkey. Consols, in consequence of this mission, improved, and kton became steady. 1 lour has again advanced. JThe return from tho Bunk of England for the week ?ding the 25th of March gives the following results, lien compared with tlie previous week:? Jblic deposits ?1,423,827 Increase.... ?475.010 her deposits 11,"02,220 Decrease.... 213.157 it 3,744,205 Increase.... 13,323 hi the other side of the account:? fvernment securities. ?11.7y2,l 10 Decrease... ?52,581 uer securities 16,757,004 increase....1,244,709 itos unemployed.... o,033,535 Decrease... 045,130 the amount of notes in circulation is ?21,240,776, be rau increase of ?450,025, and the stock of bullion in h departments is ?14,( 29,282, showing a decrease of _3,557, when compared with the preceding return. According to the Trieste Gazette, the Schah of Persia g determined upon observing a strict neutrality, kdvices from Odessa, March 25, mention that the en e Russian fleet have left Sebastopol, and it was boliev would attack Varna. Sir James Graham stated in jrliament on the 3d inst., the allied fleet had left the lophorus for Varna. It was positively asserted that 4,000 Russtami, from Sc .topol. had been lauded and had taken possession of island of Dunavcz, below Tnltscha ! here were the usual rumors of treachery on the part fthe Turkish commanders or tho dillercnt fortresses it have fallen into the hands of the Russians. )mer Pacha marched 20,000 men from Silistria to engthen a position between the Russians and the Bal The Russians are razing all tho fortresses in the Ibrudschn. Austria had demanded from Russia that Austrian Bub i in the Principalities shall not be compelled to take j Rossi, u paper money. Diplomat ic relations have -censed between Greece and Irkey. Gen. Motaxa, Greek Minister, has demanded his Tisports. Nesset Boy, the Turkish Minister, had fitted Athens, and returned to Constantinople. new levy of 80,000 mon is about to be made in ance. Jrhe ship Klavio Giovia, from Antwerp, ostensibly for Jratreal, lias been captured und brought to the Downs, |th arms on board for the Greek insurgent*. A council of Austriuu generals is summoned to meet at Jenna. Among others invited ate the Ban Jellalich Id Count Giolai. Professor Wilson, so well known as Christopher North, td on the 3d inst., aged 00 ^ears. Our obituary notice I him is crowded out. In reply to Mr. Htltchlnfi, Who detailed the cireum Lncee connected with the seizure of the Black Warrior J the Cuban authorities. 1-ord John Russell stated that communication had been sent to the Unite 1 States on le subject, but no information had yot been received lorn Mr. Crampton. he Asia arrived out at three o'clock on the morning of Inuday. the 3d inst. Jon Tuesday, 4th inst., the Niagara sailed from Liver lot with tho 88th regiment of infantry, for the Ea.t. fThc Golden Age reached King George's Sound, Au.-tra L, in sixty-one days, including fourtocn days detention 1st. Vincent and the Cape. Her actual running time Is, therefore, only forty-seven days. It may be re embere 1 that tho British government refused to send a -ail by the Golden Age. preferring to pay ?1,000 to the Idling ship Matilda Wattenback, whose arrival out wo |ay look for for some weeks to come. ItUc Bteamsliip Glasgow, from New York, arrived at Yeenock at 2 o'clock on Saturday, 1st inst. leapt. Duryec, of the packet ship Coustanline. fell over Lard and was drowned on the morning of the i t inst., Ihile the ship was off Port Lynas, outward bound. In Tnsequenco of this unfortunate accident the ship put Lck to Liverpool. J Fifteen packet Rliips, amounting to 16,000 tons, were |tting up at Liverpool to convey troops to the East. 1 The influx of emigrants into LHerpool at present urpassed anything of the sort ever before known. The Majority Were from Ireland, and are bound either for te United States or Canada. The price of steerage pas age ranged as high as ?5 10s., owing to tho scarcity of hipping and the number of passengers offering. Our London Correspondence. Loxpon, Tuesday, April 4, 1864. iDI>RPfc; IN* REPLY TO TilK ROYAL MV.SSA'i ADOPTED IN BOTH I101IPE8 OF PARLIAMENT?TIIE D.IBATK? ABERDEEN, PALMKKPTON AND BRIGHT?GLARES' don's GOVEBN'MRNT STATEMENT?PERSONALITIES? NEUTRALITY OP GERM AN POWERS DECLARED IM TOPHIULK?FAI.MER8TON AND THE PREMIERSHIP? THB WAR?THE riGUTINO ON THE DAN CUE?COM ium i) ruan in ni ulack n*?xurrcsi BE TWEEN TURKEY AND GREECE?THESULTAN DEPOSES TIIK MII'.IK-CL-ISDAH. Ah anticipated iu my last communication, lb* address n reply to the royal mesragc announcing war wiiii Kus in was unanimously adopted in both houses of Parlia nent ou Friday night. The opportunity wan thought, lowever. too good to 1>? neglected, and one of the longest ehgte- of the session en*ued. Lord Aberdeen was the Mirk at which all the orators of the opposition tired way without mercy, and personal allusions and accusa iona were given and taken on both sides. I'nlmewton nd Bright had a private mill of their own. iu which the a/mber for Manchester (Bright) suffered considerably In ;he Imrds the Earl of Derby, and in the Common! I>i.~iiieli and UjmiJ, ?fr? the chief B|H-uh9rs ll would be wasting jour space to enter into a recapitulation of this long Ka-tcm que tion, all tho pha cs of which are fami liar to your readers. A few point* are impor taut and new. Lord Clarendon distinctly denied that any stipulation wns made in the treaty recently concluded by the Western Powers wiMi the Porte, which gave them a protectorate over the Christians of Turkey. "We en ter," he said, "upon the war for a definite object. It is to check and repel the unjust aggressions of Russia. It is the battle of civilisation ugain:.t%arbarism tor the in dependence of Europe." As regards the position of the (?rrinan Powers, Lord Clarendon spoko very plainly, and expressed what I have repeatedly stated in my corres pondence?"Neutrality, with such a war as is about to be waged on the confines of both countries, is impossible." He then added :-"If Germany prooeeds in accordance with public opinion, which is rising more and more against Russian influence, the result, it cannot be doubted, will be in favor of Herman independence. Hut that Power which leans to Russia will transfer all the popular sym pathies to tho Tower which docs not do so, and to the hands of that power will be committed the future desti nies of Germany." Lord Derby said that the war, however lamentable, was in his belief, and in the belief of the country, n just and a necessary war; but he believed it never would have taken place?Russia would never have dared to put for ward her pretensions, if at tho particular moment of these particular differences arising tho Earl of Aberdeen had not been the minister at the head of the govern ment! Tho Emperor of Russia had, in his opinion, spoken his mind plainly (in the secret confidential des patches,) to the ministry, and was led to believe that Lord Aberdeen aharod all his views. To say the least, with the knowledge of these documents, it was very great political blindness?he would not say, political conni vance. Lord Aberdeen's reply was not satisfactory, nor did it make an impression. When he sat down, Lord Malmos bury rose and said that wheu he was in office the Kus - sian government never attempted to force its views as regards Turkey, but that directly Lord Aberdeen came in the question was again immediately mooted. Lords Grey, Brougham, Lyndhurst, and Granville then spoke, but threw no light on the subject. It may nut be out of place here to mention that the rumor is again curient in political circles and in the clubs, that Lord Aberdeen will go out and Lord Palmer ston be Prime Minister. In the House of Commons Lord John Russell made a very able speech. He recapitulated the whole question, and pointed out tho necessity of war to maintain the balance of power. He declared that it was impossible at the pre sent stage of the war to state the basis upon which peace would be ultimately negotiated; he tru.ted the German Powers would come to a sense of thoir own interests; the convention between France, England, aud Turkey was a purely military convention, and had nothing to do with the internal administration of Turkey. Mr. Layard attacked the government in unmeasured terms, accusing them of all the mischief that had been done. Bright followed, and, as already said, was severely chastised by Palmerston. The honorable member for Manchester, (said l'almerston,) reduces everything to the question of pounds, shillings and pence; and I verily be lieve that if this country was threatened with an imme diate invasion likely to end in its conquest, the honor able member would sit down, take a piece of paper, and would put on one side of tho account the contributiona which his government would require from hqg for the defence of tho liberty and the independence of the coun try, and he would put on tbo other the probable contri butions which the general of the invading army might levy upon Manchester, and if he found that, on balancing the account, it would be cheaper, he would counsel sub mission rather than pay his share in contributing to the defence of his country ! The question to he considered was, whether one Power is to bestride the globe from the north to the south, from the Baltic to the Mediterranean, to dictate to Germany, to domineer in the Mediterranean, to have the whole of the rest of Europe at its mercy, to deal with it as it pleases; or whether that power shall be taught that there aro limits even to the ambition of a Czar i Palmerston sat down amidst loud cheering. Disraeli made a brilliant speech, full of wit and sarcasm. He deemed it tho duty of all men to rally around the sove reign when she declared she found it necessary to make war, but Uc vindicated tbo right of the opposition to criti cise the policy which had rendered that war necessary. He acquitted the Emperor of Russia of any duplicity. A remarkable frankness was the characteristic of the secret correspondence. Ho concluding by saying, (as Lord Der by said in the Lords) that war hud been produced by one man?the man who occupiod tfie most important post in the country?and ere long that would be the opinion of all England. The debute lasted nearly eight hours. To turn to events. The echo of the first shot has not yet resounded or at least reached the English shores. The Baltic fleet, ac cording to the last accounts received, was at anchor in the hay of Kjoege. On the 30th March it ci\st anchor at the island of Mocn; this island belongs to Denmark; it is situated to the northeast of Falster and reckons about 7,000 inhabitants. The bay of Kjoege is situated iu Zea land, ten leagues southwest of Coponhagen. From Constantinople we learn that the combi nod fleets entered the Black Sea ou the 24th March, taking the di rection of Varna. From the Danube tho news is not of a satisfactory nature. The Russianthave, as you arc already aware, crossed the Danube at t'.tree different plae.es, and since then we learu (by telegraph,) that the Turkish fortresses of Matscliin, Hcrsova, Isuktscha, Tultscha and Bala dagh, have been taken by the Russians. Of the move ments of the main body of the Turkish army under Orner Pacha, and of the Ottoman forces in the Dobriuls* cha under Muatapha Pacha, wo have no intelligence. The retrograde movement of the Turks may have been calculated upon to mislead the enemy ; but until we bnvo precise details it is impossible to say wliat the exact facts are. It Is au object of Russia to make tho world believe that her arms aro successful, hut Russian bulletius are not to be ovcrtrusted. All these telegraphic despatches como from Vienna?and Austria is certainly not the enemy of Russia. The Vienna Oazeile of the 28th nit. publishes the following telegraphic despatches from Prince GortschakolT, addressed to Bnron Meyendorff, the Russian Ambassador at Vienna. It is dated tbraila. tho 24th ult. The troops concentrated opposite Matschin yesterday effected In two columns the pnssitgoof the Danube ; tho principal column under the orders of Genoral Ludvrs at Gulatz, without resistance, for the enemy did not expect us on that point : the second column, under my com mand at Ihra.la itself, where the postage vfas forced, and happily accomplished. Our loss was insignificant. v The Prussian Coi retpondtm of Berlin givos the follow ing detail* The Italian force was 4A,W>n strong. On the 22d. at The ilussian torce was 40,000 aironj un me z?i. at four o'clock in the morning, the Russian batteries below Ibrn'la, in the isle of the Danube, opened a sharp lire on the iurkieh entronchinents above and below the little fortress of Matschin. The cannonade lasted all day. On the 23?1, at seven o'clock in the morning, the Rus sians recommenced their fire, but the Turks did not respond very vigorously. At four o'clock in the after noon six Russian battalions with four guns, passed the river in fourteen largo boats, under the protection of the flotilla of the Panube, to attain Gidseh, which is situated below Matschin. They there took up their position, whilst the engineers' were occupied in throwing a bridge ovog the I'nnube. The bridge was terminated is tl e evening. The Turks maintained a tire until nightfall, principally against the steamer, the froth. the bridge in construction, and the six boats employed in forming the bridge; but tbey uid not obtain a great result. In the night they evacuated their entrenchments, leaving 20 dead. The Russians admit that they had 20 killed, and Sat wounded. Amongst tho latter Is (i-noral Dalbroski, of H.e engineers?he h-.s lost a leg. The eonstruetion of the bridge was directed by General Bohilders and the pas-ape I'th" river by General Kot/.ebuo. At about the tinii at which tlie pnrange near Ibrailn was effected, G?m I odors cp sod tlie | anube with si\ battalions near Ga lals. and Gea. t'schakoir with thirteen battalions, near Ismail, both in boatr. (Jen. Ludcrs met with no rc-iat ance m bis passsgo. He advanced a distance r,f oi:ht werstcs inio the interior of the country (a werstc is about Hi i ce fourths of an Kngltah mile.) The bridge constructed near Gatats being terminated, <W batta lions will pass over It with cavalry and artillery Gci crnl Usshakoff had to compier an obstinate re sistriisc. Mi crossed tho river which is very wide in that part, l ctwecn Gatats and the mouth of the Suli nil. 'Ihe redoubts raised by the. Turks for the defence of the passage wwe taken by assail'.! The Russians took 11 guns and ISO prisoners?amongst the latter are, it is el and PO'officers. Tne Ttirkshad.it is as H?id. a coloni 1 sorted, a good niac.y killed and wounded. The Russians admit having fetid ;;00 killed and wounded. As at Ihrsita and (lalatSj U",e Rnsstans have established a bridge TulUcba This plac? bos, it i> said, already fallen into the power of tin- ltu-sian* They mads an assault ut Main bin, anil as tliey arc in force, it is probable that tney will, without grc.it difficult/, poi.>e?? themselves of 1 ohiudncha. The three places at winch the passage was effected are at the opposite extremity of the line of the Danube to that at which ail the recent operations have taken place, aud at w huh the passage was expected Ismail is not far from the uiouth of the Dauutio, Glials is above It, and Ihiaila is above (.slate Wo learn from Malta that the Kngli-.li troops were daily leafing that island for Constantinople. By this time there can be no less than 20,000 English and 1 reach troops assembled in the Dardanelles. A naval engagement in the Black Sea is expected The Austrian government lias drawn up a manifesto of the policy it intends to follow. A copy of this document has boon received in l'uris, though the separate articles have not been published. The Emperor addresses to the I tropic a brief t peri of the causes which have led to war; he blames Russia in strong terms for her conduct, and de clares in a formal manner that in no case will ho join that power. The conclusion Is not so clear. It states in an ambiguous manner that Austria will maintain in the in terests of Germany a strict neutrality. It does not men tion that an offensive and defensive treaty has been en tered into with Prussia, but of a good understanding ex isting between tlicm. It expresses u hope that this course of conduct will be approved of by tho Gornlhn confederation. it appears that the English and French ambassadors at Vienna have called upon Count Bind and demanded an e planatiou of the conduct of Austria, aud her futuro in tuitions. Tho reply of the Austriau minister is said to hnve beeu -'satisfactory." This state of things cannot last much longer. Those who are not for us are against us, anil Lord Clarendon lias informed.l'arliamont that a neu trality of tho two German Powers is impossible. If we add tliat tlie population of both countries are almost unanimous in favor of the Western Powers, there still re mains a hope that they will declure themselves against Russia. A revolution in Prussia is not among the least itnprob. able events of the next few months. Italy remains- quiet. An attempt at a rising in Parma followed the death of tho Duke, but was immediately suppress?. Italy is waiting in an expectant attitude. Ho is Hun gary; so il Polaud. You will see by the resolution of the Prussian Cham bers, respecting the loan, that the Prussian Chambers are opposed to a union with Russia. The I/>an Commit tee has unanimously, minus one vote, come to the fol lowing decision, which will bo laid before the plenum and discussed on Wednesday or Thursday next;? 1. In consideration of the necessity of accordance to the king's government of the necessary credits to support the honor and independence of our fatherland, and to defend the interests of the country under existing me nacing dangers of war: 2- As also in consideration thai his Majesty'sgorernment has do tared that it itrill aha continue to adhere to the policy hitherto purtued, and consequently labor, in accordance with the Cabinets of Vienna, l'arit and London, and es pecially in intimate union with Austria and all other Gerninn States, for the speedy restoration of peace, on the basis of equity as proclaimed in the Vienna Confe rence protocols, under reservation of full freedom of de cision as to active interference; The Chamber will be pleased to determine that consti tutional assent shall be given to the two projocts of law; the one concerning extraordinary credits required for mi litary administration during 1854, and the other the rais ing of sums required for covering tho same by a sinking fund. A rupture lias taken place formally between Turkey and Greece. The respective ambussadors have been re called. A telegraphic despatch from Constantinople states tiiat the Sheik-ul-Islam, or head of the faith, has been diqiosed by tlie Sultan. This is a bold stop. The Sheik was, doubtless, opposed to the granting any privileges to the Christians. It proves at tho same time that the Sultan is determined to act for himself and to throw off tho con straint which the Ulemans have usually exercised over Turkish monarchs. Backed by foreign troops, the Sultan feels his power. Our Parts Correspondence. Paiim, April 3. 1 A!U. Embarkation qf 20,000 Men for the East?Disorders in the Administration of the Army and Navy? Violent Sent Between the Emperor and Marshal St. Arnaud?Opinions on the War?The New Map of Eurojx?Pritw jSttrrft Otn * ci>i*ontienee with *h* </*ai?Ajf air of M. de Monta kmbert. The Frenoh government has at length succeeded, though with great difficulty, in embarking twenty thousand men for the East. A terrible storm of indignation was raised against Marshal St. Arnaud, who was accused of negli gence, incapacity, and even of what is scarcely probable when we consider his antecedents?of wasteful expendi ture. Prince Napoleon, on seeing that nothing was ready, went to the Emperor and told him that lie was betrayed. The moil incredible facis were cited as proofs of the state of disorder into which the administration of the army had fallen: and it was even asserted that at a review held by the Emperor, a Colonel, to complete the two thousand men of his regiment, was obliged to borrow five hundred from another. However this may lie, it is certain that j Marshal St. Arnaud, menaced with disgrace and the loss j of his command, waited upon the Emperor, in company i with Marshal Vaillant, who had examined into the defi ciencies in the materiel, and reminded his 41ajesty that for the last six months he had been waiting for ordors? "that for the same period tho sovereign had refused Hu m that an enormous economy had been effected even on tbc most necessary supplies?and that now ihey I felt the effects of this cutting down system at the commencement of the campaign. All tlic anger of the Emperor was then turned against M. Duoos, who, in a sort of ministerial gasconade, (although another nnrfle might be given to it,) had paraded in the columns of the : Monilevr a third squadron of tho floot, which existed only in his ci binet. It is said that the Emperor so fur lost his usual self-control as to break in his fury one of i the articles of furniture in the apartment. To appoaso his Majesty, and to show at least, something like good ' will, M. Duces immediately trnnsmiUqd, by telegraph, to ' the Maritime Prel'et of Toulon, orders U> send otf the vessels route qni covte. The Prefet, thus urged, imme diately sent to sea two vessels, without armament, with out proper clothing for tho men, and oven without pro- , visions, giving, however, orders to the captains to finish their equipment at Brest. Now, a lotter which arrived this morning from the latter )M)rt. and which I have just , seen, states that the squadron Is in no condition to go to sea, and cannot for some time to conic afl'ord aid to the fleet under Admiral Napier. This war is severely oensured even by men who arc ad- , herenta of the government. Marshul Vaillant, it is said, told the Emperor nnd M. Drouyn de l'Huys that the country was about to put herself to a vast expenditure, without any possible chance of -compensation, and that | merely to support the influence of England, menaced in Asia. This should have been foreseen in the commence ment of the crisis; but now Erance is too far involved to recede, nnd the situation lias been rendered the more ; perilous from the ambiguous attitude of Austria and Prussia, who conacnt to blame the conduct of Russia, , but not to make common cause with the Western Powers. I may add that the pamphlet entitled the "Re- j vision of the Map of Europe,'' which has ob tained a very general circulation in Europe from the fact of it* being suppressed in Prance has produce'! the worst possible elTect in Austria, to whom it is proposed | to give the Danublan provinces, (a gift for which she lias j no fancy,) in exchange for Lombard)-, which she wishes I to l.eep. It is said that tl.e Czar, pushed to extremes by the pub lication of the confidential aorreppondeure with England, will nubltsh In his turn a large mass of correspondence on the ssmo subject, ami, amdng other documents, let vru t iic miuu runjt xi, nuuj auivyii^ uiuti uu^uiucumi. io v tors which compromize both Prince \lbort and the King of the Petglans, by the proof which they afford of their complicity in tlie design-* of Ruseia. The report of tho committee of the legislative Carps to which the affair of M. de Montalembert was referred has just been printed and distributed. Whilst it expresses its regret at the pobC.; tif-n of -1 t le.ter, it declares that M. de Montalembi t ; i r.d all participation in th j publication of hia 1? ? i to be believed on bis wor *, and concludes for u ilusal of the authorization tie mantled-. It is rumored that. M. de Montalembert ha- de cided on adopting a elevei-line ot tactics in this nffu r. After the .ending of tlie report in the sean * of to-day he | will hand in his io-ignaliou as lieputy, c,nd will deUvet | hiuiFell up for proseeution, which in uny case V coukl not avoid, seeing that the legislative Carps will not pro tect him liy its vole. He therefore pacv before tho tri bnnal willi this report of the commit?.'* in bis favor, the effect ol which even a contrary vote, on the part of the Legislative Corps will not destroy, 1'itncc Napoleon positively lea oas for the East the day after to-morrow It is feared,, however, from the delay that hns taken place, that thfy expeifftiou wilt not arrive in time at the Danube; this apprehension is, however, sought to bo balanced by -,be suggestion which has oh tained currency?that, n^tor gaining :i victory and satis tying the honor of Ids agmy, the Czar Will propose terms of pence. Be this as it may, the wai will be of service to the I'rinqe, by enablhag to pain a popularity of which lie standg In need, In consoqm nee ol Ills former co operation with the Montiiffnard party. ?. P.?The rumor respecting M. de Montalembert was not exact. He lias not given in his resignation. (5re.it excitement prevails ou the subject, and the avenuw ol the hall of the legislative Corps are fhron,J?d by mi anxious crowd. M de F'laviguy spoke ii. favor'of M de Montaleuibert. 1! Reuaud, member of the minority of the commission, au I an old legitimist was extremely vio lent against M. do Monlalciubeit, declaring that the ^or son of the Emperor wan in question M. I^omenier, iuw?i bor of the majority of the commission, is speak ?ig in lit* favor while 1 am cloning my letter THE EUROPEAN WAR. IMPORTANT DEBATE IN THE BRITIK71 PAR LIAMENT? ANALYSIS OF THE SECRET CORRESPONDENCE. In tbwllouse of Lords on the 31at of March, The Karl of Cisbsndo.n rose and said?My lords, in rising to m.ve your lordships to agree to the address which I have the honor to propose in answer to the gra cious uifcsage of her Majesty which has just been read, ***?*?** But. my lords, with reference to that, undue confidence which we hsve bceu accused of exhibiting in the Emperor of Russia, I do desire to say a few words, and they will be with reference to that correspondence which has just been laid on your lordships'table, (llear.) My l irds, it is uuiieoemary for me to say that that correspondence would have remained buried in the archives of the Foreign OfiUe, if we had not been challenged, and consequently compelled, by the Emperor of Russia to produce it. (Hear, hear.) We neither desired nor souplit thesi communications, but, having received theiu as confidential, we have behaved with scrupu lous honor to the Emperor of Russia, and I can give your lordships no better proof than this fact?that, in ii despatch thai 1 wrote at the end of April, in which I recapitulated the various assurances given iih by the Em peror, 1 inserted one short extract, not from the despatch sent by Sir H. Seymour entwining nn account of hia con versations with the Emperor, but Iroin the memorandum which the Emperor had esesed to be drawn up. Count Kesselrode. observing this extract, protested against this as s breach of confidence, and requested that it might not be inserted in that despatch when it was laid before Par liament. We replied that nil communications of this kind were exceedingly Inconvenient 1o a constitutional govern ment, (cheers.) but that if the Emperor thought he had just cause to complain, we would prnngsc him that that passage should be withdrawn from the 4cspiitc.li when it was laid before Parliament. (Hear.) And I can with confidence apppal to your lorilshiis whether, in the course of the various discussions which have taken place, there has been any, the slightest allusion, on th ? part of the government, to the communications made by the Em peror. (Hoar, hear.) But, my lords, as that correspon dence has been produced, 1 can only express my satisfac tion that it has seen the light, bocause I think I may say, without presnmntion, it proves that we have been honest to the Sultan, honest to our allies, and honest to tho Emperor himself. (Cheers.) The Emperor voluntarily de veloped bis ideas, or rattier expressed hie conviction that tho dissolution of the Ottoman empire was inevitable; and we must remember tbut this was no singular idea on the part of the Fimj eror?that he had no monopoly of it? and that it was shared by thousands of persons in this country, who, at this time last year, had no idea of the vital energy and national spirit which the Turks have since exhibited. (Hear, hear.) It was proved by books, by pamphlets, by newspapers, and by a variety of statis tical data, that the Ottoman empire could not last. The Fmperor of Russia desired to discuss this mutter with us, and to arrange with us what would he suitable, or rather what wonid not be suitable, to the two countries in the event of these prophecies being realized. There was in this nothing more to excite suspicion or create alarm in 1653 than there was in 1644, or in 1829, when these ideas were first broached. Hut if this coun try had participated in these ideas of tho Emperor?if wo bnd shown that we believed the dissolution of Turkey to be at hand?we had been ready to admit its dismom berment, or shown a readiness to accept Egypt or Candia, which were proposed to us? then, i think, the Emperor mighthavo looked to tho realization of his prophecy. But it was because we wished to avert that danger, and to bring tho Emperor to our view of tho question, that we did not shriuk from his wish that we should di.-cuss the whole question with liiin. (Hear.) We fully discussed his arguments; we gave our reasons for thinking that the dissolution of the Ottoman empire was not at hand; we declared that we would not bo a party to any underhand dealings, and that v.-e would nave no secrets from our allies; we dismissed with some thing like silent contempt the oiler of a territorial bribe (cl.eers); and we pointed out to the Emperor the course he ought to pursue. Well, my lords, tho Emperor in re turn said that Russia was too great in territorial extent already; thut he desiied no increnRo of territory; that the maintenance of the Ottoman empire was a European necessity, and that its downfall would be a European ca lamity. and, though he said lie should insist upon just ice being done him by the Sultan upon the question of the Holy l'laces, yet he positively asserted that he hail not moved a man or a ship at that time towards Turkey. (Hear.) And, my lords, these assurances were given to us, not only upon the word of the Kinperor, but on the word of a gentleman. (Cheers.) His imperial majesty seems to draw some distinction between the two. (A laugh.) And these assurances wore addressed, not alone to the government, but to the Queen herself, fllear, hear.) In a memorandum written by the Emperor's own band, and from his owu pen, we received tlie.ro assur ances:? Tbe Emperor has, with lively satisfaction, niniio bimsuli' acquainted with Lord Clarendon ? despatch of the 23d of M.reh. Ills Majesty congratulates himself on perceiving iluit his views aud those of the English Cabinet entirely cciuelito on the subject of th i polilicnl conil insi ion* vviiioh it wonld be chiefly necessary to avoid in tho cxtremo ease of the contingency oconriing in the Ecu wklph Run-in and Knglui.d hnvo equally at heart to prevent, nr. at all events, to delay ae long as poasihlo. Sharing generally the opinion* expressed by l.ord Clarendon on the necessity of the pro longed maintenance of the exlstiag.atate of things in Tar key, the Emperor, nevertheless, cannot ubstain from ad verting to a special point which leads him to cappo?o that tho Information received liy tbo British government is not altogether in accordance with ours, it re fers to tie humanity and tho toleration to he shown hy Turkey in licr manner of treating her Christian subjects. Cutting aside many other examples to tho con trary of an old date, it is, for all that, noto rious that recently the cruelties committed by tho 'forks iu Bosnia forced hundreds of Christian families to seek rcfn-io in Austria. In other respects, with out wishing on this occasion to enter upon a discussion as to tho symptoms of decay, more or less evident, presented by the Ottoman Powor, or the greater or lest degree of vi tality which its internal constitution may rotaiu, the Em peror will readily agree that tho teat means of upholding t l.o duration of the Turkish government is not to harass it by overhearing demands, supported in a manner humiliat ing to its independence and its dignity. (Lend cries of " bear, hoar.") IIis Majesty is disposed, as he lias ever licen, to act upon this system, with tho clear understanding, however, that the tame rule of conduct shall be obsorvciT, w;tl,ont dif tinctlon and unanimously, by each of the great Cowers, and II at none of them shall take advantage oi the weakness of the I'orte, to obtain from it concession! which t r ight tnrn '.o the prejudice of the others. This principle being lata down, the Emperor declares that ho is ready to labor, in concert with England, at tho com mon work ol'prolonging the existence of tho Turkish om plro, si tting ..aide till cause of alarm on tho snhjoot of its dissolution, lie readily accepts the cvideuce ottered liy tho British Cat inet of entire eontttlenoe in tho uprightness of his sentiment-, and the hope that, on this basis, his alliance with England cannot fail to become stronger, (lloar, hear.) Now. my lords, this was on the 16th of April, and is tho reiult und conclusion of a corresjion leneo begun, appa rently. w ith very different feelings on the part of the Km 1 eror of Russia fr--m those which he now entertains; and, unless wenio (o proceed upon a general system of disbe lief and suspicion in the honor and rpctitude of persons In high quarters?if at the end qf April last, and before the real nature of Princo Menschikoll's mission was known, i had been enabled to lay this memorandum on your lordships' table, I think your lordships would have ti lt, as her Majesty's government felt at llrnt time, that Turkey was safe from the dangers in which she was soon nfler inv< bed. fllear, hear.) Those dangers are of a very clear and substantial nature. The Emperor of Rus sia endeavored by treaties, or by engagements which should have ihe force of treaties, to obtain that right of interference between the Sultan and many millions of his subjects which would hnvo extended not only to a virtual protectorate, hut have conferred actual government upon hint. Had the Sultan entered into the engagements which were required from him. no question, however small and. how ever trifling, connected wi.ththc control of the affairs of the Greek subjects of the Sultan could have arisen wbi.it would not have had to be determined by the Russian ambassador at Oon-tantinople. (Heir, hear.) We should then have seen tho enlightenment, tho intelligence, and the prog rose of the Greek subjects of Turkey, as well as the free exorcise of their religion, brought down tathe same low level as those of the subjectsof tho Emperor of Russia, and any demur upon tho part of the Sultan to sabmitto tho government of the Russian ambassador, would have hi on uu infraction of treaty and ft legitinente cause ot quarrel. (Hear, henv.) Under these eireura Mnnces, my lords, Russia would have been enabled at any moment, and upon any pretext, witli her powerful fleet in the Black re*.to render herself mistress of Constantino ple. I need not wa?te your lordship's time by aay com ment- upon the effect of such sn event as that occurring. Wo should have found in such a case, to our cost and to our disjrnce; that the maintenance of the Ottnman em piic. which is a matter of European necesaity was noth Ine more thou a vague and unmeaning to.vn. And f roust any, no; lords, that it wa? unworthy of tbo dignity of tin-Emperor of Russia, porsevaringly to attribute the failure < f rue scheme, not to the nature of the scheme itself, but to^he perseverance and me'jnlty of Lord Stratford do RedcHfto. (Cheers.) 'Ihe Siltan was per <ectlj a' ve to liis own intere-,tn, nnd, nv-ler any eirco-J sfn"i" vovild have refused the toru s sought to be im pi, iponkimhy the Emperor of Fus-iu. (Cheers.) 111: ? it Is Lord htratfonl. on being consulted, did not. adv ioe Ibe Porte to commit political suicide, but thosame advice wsj given at the same time by tho '.Tench Ami-ftdor. the ku trian Internuncio, and the Pros inn Milliliter (Cheers.) When the outrage of occupying the i'ritii ipaUtia* was committed, it ciunfiittcd a-; a guarantee fur the fulfilment of ft treaty which had not lie* n violated. Although thin part of the subject has been more than OMI alluded i? before, youT lordships must bear in mind that the whole quesVtr.n, a regards tho Emperor of Russia, turns upon tho Interpretation of the ssventB article of tho treaty of KataardJI. by which tin i'orte engaged to protect the Christian religion and all i's churchea throughout thiwott/msn dominion*; but so carefully did the Porte guard Huelf against any right of in?< rferetire on the part of R.nnsin. that, by a s ibse qm nt | oition of the ai tide, th at interference *a? limited to the i igiit el making reprementations with re-pe< t to a ehureli at that time bulldir.g at Constantinopl". and to an engagement on tho part The i'orte 1<? take those ro presentations into consideration. (Hear, hear.) That Is not the unlimited int, r| rotation of the treaty widch lias been throughout itisNtoil upon by Rus-iu, aiid for whldh j she i- now prepared to enter into wsr. I leave vout lord - ships to Judge what would have been the erfect as re ' gards Russia If this scheme had succeeded, and if the - Emperor had lieen entitled in demand all that was con i foccedcd to bim. with the additional iutfrpistation pu tit on thin treaty Wo hare a treaty with the Kin*" r* Nnj le? Suppose we had suddenly rhotteii to give an iif terprelatluu 10 that treaty that it waa an undertaking to admit British cnimaiodiliea free of duty, for the purpose of lefijertug them rlieapor to hi* Majesty's subducts, arid suppose the King- of" Nitple*, aa be waa jually entitled, had resisted tlua, and wo had seised on Sicily a* material pledge?not of any right of claim, hut of our interpretation of Die treaty?in that eaae, 1 ask whether the indignation of Europe would not Lave been moused, and whether the King of Naples woUld not hare been warranted in calling in the aid of allien" (Hoar, hear) Jual auch an assumption of right aa thia, and audi an unwarranted uae of power lraa taken place on the part of Russia Hut, notwithstanding all that bad occurred, the mediation of Austria for the nettlouient of the dilfer encea between Russia and the Porte waa cal.ed in, and Austria invited the aid of the oilier three Power* in thia work, 'though the four Toweri fett that the Km per or of Russia hud committed a great wrong, they thought it ad visable to flud for him a means of rwtreat without loas of dignity, and if the Knipcror hud accepted the modified Vienna note he would have lost nothing of dignity, but in reality would hare gained more. (Iieur, hoar.) lie re jected the terma promised, and Count Neaselrode then, in a note, explained what i waa that Ruaaia really re quired. Still, however, the Kmperor of Ruaaia having aaid, after the confcrencea at Glmuta, that if aiy frean terms were LHOpueod to him ho de iied that til-y sliould be first aeltlnd with the Porto, the four Powers again renewed their endeavor*. aud tlieir representatives at Constanticople obtained from the Porto fresh tortus, giving the Kmperor much more than Ire had a right to demand. And it ia worthy of rema-.k that.after the Sultan hud been compelled, in his own defence, to declare war, and after the massacre at Sinope, which aroused nation al indignation, a fresh negotiation was begun. The terras of this negotiation were sent to Vienna, an I unanimous ly approved by the reprcacntativea of the Four Powers, who declared llnm to be just and honorable, and auch a< the Kmperor might noccpt without any loss of that hourr and dignity which It waa thought ao desirable to maintain. And,"my lords, how were those negotiations received ? (Hear, beur.) The Emperor of Hub -ia did not even notice the terms offered him by the Porte. He disregarded the advice and recom Herniation of the four Powers, and lie dis regarded the highest and greatest interests of Europe and the universal expression of public opinion. (Cheers.) He however, subsequently sent proposals of liia own, in which his original demands, far from being abated, were increaacd. and put in a form to render them more injurious anil offensive to the Porto. (Hear, hear.) Could we, under auch circumstances, allow the virtual supremacy over millions of the subjects of the Sultan to be handed over to the Emperor of Russia? Could France and England aubmtt to the degradation of allowing Russia to take up a position in Turkey which would be the means of iuflicting death upon that coun try, either by slow poison or by sudden death? An an swer has already been given by the generous and high minded people of this country, (chocrs,) who detest aggression in whatever form it may ussume, and who are always ready to protect the weak against the strong, (l oud cheers.) And, my lords, it was a sense of nu tional honor, a sense of duty, and a desire to maintain the respect in which this country is held among the nations of the earth, that made her Majesty's government, in conjunction with the government of the Emperor of the French, feel it their hounden duty to bring this question to u final decision, and require within a given period an understanding from the Emperor of Russia, giving liim notice at the same time that his refusal to comply with the terms proposed would be received as a declaration of war. (Cheers.) late on Saturday evening last a messenger arrived with tlie information that the Kmperor did not consider it consistent with his dignity to give any answer to the communication of the allied Powers, ami on Monday her Majesty's royal message was read in this House. I think your lordships will admit that wo have been actuated by no selfish considerations?that we have sought for no territorial aggrandizement una no extension ul lnlluence om-7. u n? K {o.T ?''r tmdo> ??'' wo*fear nothing for our Indian poflppsftifin*. (Cheer*.) For nnm. nr ?? J I buUbrth make tb0 f.acrifice" w0 new about to make* but for Dip preservation of ourhonnr ami our sell' rentier!-' we are prepared to make any sacrifice; and H l. to n.aln tain them that her Majoaty uppeula to the loyal devotion I n hl/ r1'''., che,'rB ) ?n -Monday evening a noble Earl opposite expressed a wish thai the agree ments between England and France, and England, Franco and Turkey, should be laid upon the table. Certain papers altea,1y been delivered, but at the prcsentm" ment we are not ablo to lay our agreement with an m 1.?" r ,ulllp- At rresent it consists simply of ?nret^?*,nn0!? n?tf8, c?n,aininB arrangements with re spect to military operations, and which have been drawn U|? lor the purpose of facilitating: arrangements tine si w^'tt"! o' hope may have been concluded before ? <?? L11'" l ' urr*ngementa are concluded the notes between Fiance and England will take a more decisive andde iuiteiorm. and will then be laid upon your lord ships'Ublo With respect to the convention entered ttato, I explained to my noble friend opposite (the Earl of ! Jiiilmcsbury), last night, that in Consequence of a mis t ndcrslamting at the French Foreign oflice, the ambussa rot ?t wrflK f n French at Constantinople had trcafv bl?t ell I powers, and consequently the tn.ul\ bad only been provisionally signed. It cannot ?n^I01?' 'I1 p.r,cst,nt be Iui(l uIl0n tbe table; but 1 mnvat once reply to the inquiries made by my noble friend evening, W?th Lp?ectto some l,?d r?Li J. T" r,i regard to cerlain rumors which titer t rfltj . the trra'y contain* no s'ipula 'Tlu/heT (ChcJ^\ ['"? Chilian n$gc? /.i,' i f (Cluer*.) A question has boon asked br mv noble friend opposite as to the terms and manner^ nnl l r*ie "?e *.l?Ut to carr.v on the war, but I think my be awaroTlia t the Pre8" t*mt 1"?ation. when he must X of We^"8t ;lupen,d ?P? * vast tari check and repel the un^ SU.r ?Wect ** t0 what manner that will be carSK~ ?nd to nt'overTf1! I1"** mUSt doPen<1 entirely upou the Proverbial chances of war, upon the suceej that may I attend our arm? and upon the activity of our allies^ When the British army went to Spain we went to assist e country to defend themselves from ' aggn-Bsion; but in 1808, or 1800, or 1810, or 1811 we ! f.'r^On"'1' I8ay *? wnuld InBkp no peace except upon the territorial arrangements which were ultimately fixed at Vienna. In entering on war now wo do so to repel ug ' "le',e U n"\ a ,n dominion* ,2, ' .rs crpc'lthat -nitontinr?>lt Wlu timut-iy Monti In Jin mo. /twill he mce duty, a* far a, ue pom II y can, to prevent the realign!iten of that exnerta htm, and to take care that a Kunian occupation mac nceee bcn.n there. Were it to succeed, and were ltu.shTto UHn ,lTA?!o U? ni ut'lntir,',i)1.e' c<"""landing, as she would do then, the lilack >ea and its shores, being enabled us vert*.0! ' ??C"PT Circassia ami Georgia, and con crt the population of those frontier countries into one mighty army, having access to the Medi terranean and u vast naval fleet in the ilaltic, and deter mined, as she now is, to incren-o her naval power, with ! all those .acilities which steam and modern invention 1 hats nHorded for (he transport of troops?with all thexe advantap,,. wm; Hunia pomnion of C,m*la,uin?u \ Uwould nolle loo much to tat/ that more than one WeTra I ?t\TT ' h'u ar [? undergo '/" fate of Poland (Cheers.) 1 he wealth and the intelligence and the civilization of Europe would be no more a burrier against encroach metals upon the jart of Russia than were the intelligence I and civilization of ancient Rome against tlio encroach- i mints of the Iluns and Vandals. (Cheers.) If I may explain this question, it is not merely tlm protecliou of t Turkey against .he oggrcs,eons ef Russia that ii con cerm'd in the Eastern question, as it is commonly c ille i I but it is the battle of civilization against barbarism i (cheers), and the maintenance of the independence ,,t I Europe. (Continued cheers.) Already, even without ter- i Ntor.al aggrandizement, the |s>licy pursued bv Russia has in a great measure, placed the nations of Germany in a s.ate of dependence, tscyersl foreign governments, but i nine particularly thoseoi Germany, have he< n acted upon y Rnssia with a strength and intluence which hare been and always will bo exercised to check education, the free expression or opinion, nod tliat progress which is essen- i to civilization. (Cheers.) The object of the Em peror of Russia has been to render other countries de- ? pendent upon him. From the papers which have alroadv Ik en laid upon tl.o table of the House your lordships ?1nUfi,i"ae8r*D*tr"?u?Vut t,"! "ubmission of Austria lo the desgns of the Emperor of Russia upon Turkey was tak.n for granted, nnd tlmt, with resiKtct to ill !ii i.Wa" not tll0uK1,t worthy of mention at (Hear, hear.) Ar J even nftor all UrJ. had passed? even in the courre of this very year, altar Austria and I rue. ir 1 ad sirrnod the protocols condymning the con duct of the Emperor il Russia, the Kirp. ror of Russia pent a convention for tlie German lowers to sign for I bis advantage, nnd did not authorize his agent to g ve an amwer to the E-upcrer of Austria aimnllj wl.en "he I asked what the policy of Die F.mperoi of Russia would be in the event of hit signing that convention. Nor mould the Emperor of Russia even say whither he would cro-s J , Fanube or not. (Hear, hear.) But the convortlous ariu propoBitiftDj of tho Emperoi' cf ntia^ia were rejected ! in ft mannev wvll calculated to maintain the dignity and IniVependence of Austria and Prussia, (l-oud cheers.) And here, my lords, let me repent what I have seal before, I t ant thiirountry has every reafcn to be la'iilirt', with t ie I conductor Anuria. (Cheers) She has Iwlmved in in honorable and straightforward manner throughout tho negotiations with Russia, red she has done, In her own way, aid at hpr own time, everything that she could for tbc preservation Of peace, and to malntaio the integrity | of lurkcy. (Israel cheers.) I b'dieve sits has now plaeod her irmy upon a war tooling, and only this evening Irs j reived a communication stating tho p<*dtion of her ilif | fcjent forces, which now amount to one hundred and I thirty thousand men. Independently of her troops up-m the frontier There is a difference, however, in the mode , of action between Austria and Prussia. The Latter I'ower i i de-drops of exercising n perfect neutr.'Iity; hot / mail my that, with inch a war at it now about to w waned unia tht frt wiermj balhovntrui. M not! be. impmiU ' l?reiL e ft tier In w*nre a neutrality. At all evens, nothing could iv won injurious or fatal to the b??<t iiitorcaiR r. iHdh these countries tban a |.ro!?uc;ed w?r and nothing could he hcttrr for thcui thun u short and de eishe CMifisi li t if the two groat f.trman for e, le the rctvlt mil tic ,'ohly tn /a,,.,r ,r rntlutiand, therefore, favorable to the 11 <out interests of Russia. (Hctvr, hear.) If tbe-o I'ower' lifiwevci. proceed in accordance with popuh.r opinlou, wbkh IS every day more snd mere against Russia it c m oot lie for onei moment doubted that tho ultimate rev. 1'. will be favorable to German indejendem e (Umd cheer..) iUl J ower uhi h refutet. to Utul it,elf U, the deo, -M ,'f hunt" mil tranefcr lo ilielf all the lojmtar nrmwj.hv of J und ,M"' bande qf that Power will Ununwd ha the futuredtttimin of tht. (i rmnn nation. Ijh ur o 1 d<> sincerely hoje that those two great lowers?taking an accurate estimate both of the!- .>?>, interests r.n<l the interests of Europe ?nivv lieeomn n. t ?h^tdM?th!iirrI,c-v w,,hlbpbnut et wnf ,Wi U,n r *';'<i011 with ,hl>m It rust the) will tske the parts which bedt them ia this grew, struggle, the : et>ult of which concern* thsro even mor# than Western Europe. I trust thai, at the ctose of this struggle, we shall tind theiu by our side. reestablishing peace uj a solid and secure foil relation ; but that peaoe, in* Ionia, ?ill he neither solid nor secure, unless the territmial extension and the immodcrrte influonoe of )>iiee? lie effectually restrained. (ilear, hear) flutfl peace v\ii! net hi* a glorious peace, id) lords, ii so* do not s?cnrc ei|ual lights an<l immunities for the ' hris tian subjects of Turkey, not securing tli. in by treaties ?'or bj a | vntectorate, nor by acquiring right*; fatal to the very independence which we intend to uphold, but sa curing tlu ift as the spontaneous act of ike SnlUu, au-t not lesa binding on hiin on that aoeourn i"hear.) by which be will best consult his own iutei*?,'h, ,ind by which he will ntitle himself to the gratitu V of Huron**, and afford to Kranee and Knglnnd the only return they di aitn for the exertions wluoh they arc now waking on his beluilf. With these objects in view, and if the frown meets, as I trust it will, with the unanimous support of the Parliament uud people of this country, we may hum bly hope thut the protection of Heaven may bo vouch safed to the cause which wc believe to he a right one and we may look forward boldly and fearlessly to the re sult of this struggle in which wo are about to oinbark. (Cheer*.) Tlio noble Earl concluded by moving that an nnnihlo address tie presented to her Majesty to return her Majesty the thanks of this House for her most gra cious message, and for the communication of the several pa|toiH which hare been laid before it in ohedienou to her Majesty's command; to assure her Majesty of the just seiiso we entertain of her Majesty's anaious and uni form endeavor! to preserve to her people the blessings ?C pcuco, and dCour perfect confidence in her Majesty's dis position to terminate the calamities of war whenever that object can be accomplished consistently with thn honor of her Majesty'a crown and the interests of her 1 eople, that we have observed with iloep concern that her Mujestv's endeavor* htve been frustrated by tlM of Bu vpirit of aggression displayed by the Emperor < in his invasion sad continued occupation of tha provinasn of Wnllschia and Moldavia, in the rejection of cqiiitablt teimsof peace proposed under the sanction of four of thn principal Powers of p.urope. and in the preparation of iaa mense force* to support his unjust pretensions; that these pretensions appear to us subversive of the Inde pendence of the Turkish empire; that we feel that thn trust reposed in us demands, on our part, a tlrm deter mination to co-opiate with her Majesty in a vigorous resistance to the projects of a sovereign whose farther aggrandizement would he dangerous to the independence of Europe. The Pari of Drkbt?I rise, my lords, not for the pur pose of offering any opposition to the adoption of the address which has just been moved by the noble earl op posite. because I concur with hiin in thinking that thin is an occnsion upon which it is of the utmost impor tance that, whatever may lie our difference of opinion as to the manner in which the negotiations which have preceded this issue have bccu carried on, this is a mo ment, I say?an occasion iijioii which it is of importanoe ?of the utmost and most vital importance?that there should he no difference in the expression of opinion bgr this and the other House of Parliament?an expression of opinion which 1 believe, with the noble earl, will carry with it the general ami almost universal feeling of the country?with regard to the necessity of giving effective support to her Majesty's government in the prosecution of that war which, however lamentable, and however much to he deprecated as ail war must he, is in it.iolf, in my belief, and In the belief of the country, a just war, nnl which, in the prosenl state of things, howerer different it may have been originally, in also ? necessary war. (CheerB.) I am only apprchensivo, my lords, that an tier Majesty's government, up to the latest moment,have continued to hope aguiist hope?that as. up to the last moment, they have spoken of peace when all around them breathed of war?so that, even at the present nse meut, they imperfectly appreciate, or, to use an Ameri can expression, they fail to ' realize" the magnitude, thn importance, and the probable duration of that arduoun struggle upon winch no arc now about to enter. I fear, too, that the country ha* set its hopes and expectations too high with regard to the immediate and direct sucoeen of the war which weare about to undertake. I fern that it underrate*the resouro**?man especially for the pur poses of defensive warfare?of the great antagonist whom wc liavo to meet; thut it underrates the difficulties vrhioh must he thrown in the way of even the beat combined operations of the moat gallant armies and of the moat powerful fleets, from circumstances against which neither bravory nor conduct can secure thoae fleets and armies. If I venture, my lords, at tills moment, when we are entering upon a great war, to call your attention and the attention of the country to its importance, to its magnitude, and to its possible duration, it is not with a vie?v of discouraging that enthu siasm which the noble earl describes to be felt by the nation on this question?it is with 110 wish to damp thw ardor and eagerness of the people of this country to sup port, at whatever Ancrilicu to themselves, that whieh they believe to boa just and sacred cause; but 1 do it, well knowing the character and nature of my country men, believing that their energies, their eagerness, ami their enthusiasm would rather be increased and excited than diminished hv having placed before them plainly and distinctly the magnitude of the struggle and tho greatness of the sacrifices for which they must be pre pared. I think nothing could be so unfortunate a* that we should enter upnu this great struggle with an idea en tertained on the part of a great portion of the country still less with an idea entertained and encouraged on the port of Jler Majesty*! government?that this war is like ly to bean affair of trifling duration. (Hear, hear.) I cannot conceive n greater mortification, I cannot con ceive a greater discouragement than that this country should trel after two or three campaigns that they had made hut little progress towards the attainment of the object which they had been led to believe would be in stantaneous of execute n. It is infinitely bettor to know iteforehand the actual extent of that which we are about to undertake, thoji lightly to contract hopes and expep Inlious which may he baffled by the result. It Is net, however, henuiw j think this war is likely to be one of long duration; it is not because I rear that wado not en ter upon it in so full a state of preparation as eould bw wished; it is not bora use I fear that, for tho defensive, the Fnipcror of Russia, even If lie receives neither oo operatlon nor neutrality, is a formidable antagonist; if it not on that account that 1 join in deprecating a war which, however easily it might have been avoided in Uh origin, lias now, I think, become neoes sarv for the protection of the liberties of Europe. I con cur fully with the noble earl opposite in thinking that the jmtettunif Cotirlanliniple would, in puinl of Jott, pive Kuuia on overwhelming pou er, which would render h*r mittreu and arbitrator of jturnpe. and a prrat part if Aria. 1 concur with him, also, in thinking?although i think he did not express that opinion, yot it is one which he must cnterluin?that tho assumption of that amount of influence, of that protectorate whieh Russia claim* over Turkey, will eventually, If allowed by the rest of Europe, give her the same power, and place her in the same position in Europe, ss if the forcibly occupied thit country with her armids. (Hear, hear) It is impor tant thai We rhouhl understand what it is for which we arc about to contend, and what position that is which ia demanded by Russia. 1 concur with the nohlc earl i i thinking that from the very tirst moment ih? preten sions of Russia to this protectorate, for which she ha* throughout uniformly contended, were pretensions which it was impossible to adroit, anil pri-ten-ien* which, if admitted, would place her in a position of sovereignty over Turkey. It is. therefore, not mi rely for the expulsion of the Russian forces from the provinces, but for tho purpose of placing tho relations between Russia and Turkey, by tho art of univi rsal Europe, upon a footing which shall be that of two inde; endant States, not that of one Stale nominally Independent of the other, but really throttled and strangled under a protectorate. (Hear/ / onrur, thm, with th i.obit rarl that thit i" a tufl and ntc'ixary war and I fear it is now inevitable; but in accepting the cliallenge which has been thrown out by the coble earl opposite to inter upon a dismission of th* revelations which have baoti msdc by the secret paper* lately laid on the table cu the House. 1 am afraid I am not prepared to go along with him in tho view wl .en he lakes ?s to the deception which ho thins* be i been practised towards this country by Russia, or wish the conyiction, which he still entertains, that with the confidence which thsy had id the representation* -undo to them by the Emperor of Russia, nor Majesty's lot ernn cut were justified in supposing thst there was no danger to tl o prnco of Europe arising from those, preten sions. I must go further, i must say that, meaning aw p. rsonul disrespect, i believe this war would never hav* taken piece, thai these pretensions never would havw been put forward if, st the very time of Ibis particular contest srlsieg, th* noble earl opposite bad not been minister. (Chugs, and counter rbeers.l It Is irnpo* -ihleto CDtei- upon the consideration or these paper* wiilic ut referring, in the first in-t-jme, to th*t memoraa duro?that set r e t memorandum w blch hss born produoed and lnid on the table bv the nobl . earl. I mean thememo randurn whieh I. erroneously, had always supposed to have been prepared by Karon llrunow, but which is now stated to Is- thememorandnm .<f Count Neseelrode, drams up in i S44. The endc rsenient upon this memorandum I* i no of a singular qjiaracter It is stated to be n memo random framed upou enmm mirations received from the Emperor of Russia subsequent to ins imperial Majesty'* visit to England. Now, 1 xare soy tho memorandum was framed subsequently to his Imjierisl Majesty's visit tw England. hut I do not understand what sre Cause oom onunications from the Emperor to which reference i* made. 1 do not nndersUnd whetherthey wcrecommuiM cat ionx to Count Neseelrode?though that can hardly bo the meaning of the indorsement?or whether tliev were c mmumeations to her Moj'sty's government, mu le sub sequently to the Emperor's visit. It so, where are these communicitions? If to, tlier .i , a diplomatic; correspondence?there s r despatches to be pro duccd but no despatches hsvc liesn produced on thi* 1 tart of the subject. If I am not mlst*krn, however, thie niemomndum, at w hatever time it might have been from ed. was framed in cor.tequenrn of communication*?per i sot.al communicationv?which took place at the period oi ilia Emperor's visit to this country in 1R44. It was fram ed, IIciisve, iifiaj i ersonal?notofficial??common>rt!on? aith two or three ministers, of whom the noble K*ri is, ; at th< | resent jnoini nt tho only survivor, and sfter a si i' il personal oommunication w.th the noble i t U?m | self, who at that time filled the offleo of Foreign Swore i ti ty. lhe document Itself is of a very remarks * char acter. It is not no official docr ment?it is no one. I think 1 can Venture to 8k\ , which was brought ?'"W th? I cognirance or consideration of the cabinet <? wtocn tho ! noble Earl and mvsclf were at Ibst time both members. I It vut not an official docunn nt st nil. but il was a t al document, binding upon tb# noble tan himself, not binding in the slightest degree upon soy subsequent min i inter at the Foreign ofltoe. It remained not with the ordin ary paper" of the Foreign office, bnt In thernstndj of each successive Secretary of State, with no copy of it whatever in the E'orelgn office. I have reason to know the gieat importance which Russia attaches to this document, because, when I seceded to office, 1 had occupied the ait - I usiion which I then had the honor to hold Msrraly a dag I or two, when both to myself and to my noWo tpOU'i trim