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daughter of the Intante Francisco) for Prinoe Adalbert, of Uavana, the heir presumptive to the throne of Greece. The Frrmdrn Blutt, of Vienna, learns from Bu charest that Count Coronini has received telegra phic instructions to begiu on the 15th of May to move his headquarters and a part of the troops across the Wallachian frontier into \ustria. It 'vaa ?moored that the Commissaj les of the great I'ovt jre would not enter the Principalities nntil ail the Austrian troops had left them; but the report seems ?o be without foundation, -a half the army of occu pation is to remain for some time to come. The London Chronic(t,o( May 13, says: ? Oar i ?'?<!?rt ?Ul ? to lawm t >% 1 ocd f'-Jruerdtoa It tato ?f nnd*r *vmpt??s? of tnilep sin jo. On Tuurs ooj eight, on hot eg h? tdii s?i of ha?kt to .u- a< ruj and Lcrd Pa m?r?tOQ ??j ff? ja?a 'y ta erruptoU b? ? e >ogb, aDd on Friday wight ha ?u? a .tfnrmg fr -in a aaver* ooid. Tha Prion Musis er ram?in?d u, hu pt?ca bo Wi l-nunlng antd tie H,u>* of C m-i> ?????.? iut) ?oariuK ?a o . i ? Folic* Mi', a vat tiua o'e jjx *U*n to jialdai to t'a wo'Taa-ies -f 31* co-osies and ?at hau e t?ariog tna wtota of the -v*. ?na tas nonts Vis aoost kept Lit- h*tdMe:r -def to 0i? '? j* a -0 ??rv Idut'y ? oUwriag from he e nj3i3*d of f* .Tie ?o I iodto p-nHion. The Hoc* ha* ij?*en a n >li J*y to-s Wuiteuntide? ? g-r r?-ews <hu? nsa*', on- * sn >?t a j e-?ptanl? p? iod of r?Ux* ion t '? L-?rO F?.n>?-rsr. m, wbutt ?uaataat aoc ua*ea:ied att?-a<*an*e in >.* Hiat* of CoflBDOue aud d V>"1 a to pi sir la toe.? have n?vjr beta *!??*?** by lU*t of ant tio wter. The committee f tho Helgiaa Chamber of Representatives charged with the U.k of ex amining the bill demanding credits of 8,iKK), OflOf, and 8,029,000f. to terminate the entrench ed amp of Antwerp and to enlarge that town, held a long sitting on Saturday, May 10. General Goblet spoke at considerable length to prove that the organization of the Belgian army is not in harxony with the fortresses and mat'rtelof the country, and that the constant, extension of Antwerp mmt radically change tue p" es?nt system of defence. The demolition of the fortifications of Hons, of Xamur, and of Charlcroy appeared to him kudhpeiisahle. to render a greater number of troops available, and to effect a saving in the public money. After a long discussion, the committee decided una nimously that it w ould be of public advantage to do away with the fortifications of Moos. Reports from A tliens of the 3d of May state that the j eople were iu hopes that the allies were about to evacuate Greece. The-saly was tranquil. At the meeting of capitalists at the Treasury office, ?n the 13th. the Cb n .elbrof the Exchequer stated that the proposed to;.n - f Ave millions ste'ling was calculated to cover the whole service o1' the year except two millions, for which he should propose to iB8uc Exchequer bonds, but the two millions would not he requited until the end of the present year, or, perhaps. not until the first quarter of Id, Commercial circulars issued ou the evening of Tuer.day, the 13th, report the cotton market dull, and uot affe ted by the \merican advi cs per Afri ca. Cotton was freely offered, but holders were firm as to price, and the demand was not great. Wh*at aud flour weie reported rather lower White corn, being scarce, was held firmly for an advance, wLile jefiow and mixed were freely of fered at 6d. a Is. per bushel decline on the week, say white corn, 30s. a 32s. per 480 lbs ; yellow and mixed bringing barely 2(?s. a 2 s. bd. for prime, in retail Red wheat, !>s. 3d. a l"s. 4d.: white,'. a. 0d. a lis. 3d. per 70 lbs. Western canal flour, 32s. a 34s. bd.; .Philadelphia, Baltimore and Obi-', 3."?s.a37s. perhbl There was not much doing in beet, hut the in we qualities were fiimer. Pork was in request, but there was no American in :he market. Recent ar rivals of bacon have uot been landed, aud no sales were reported, but the inquiry c utiaues goad. L-ard was steady, 54s. being paid for good refining quali ties Tal inw was likewise steady. Our Ltoml on Cirrri(?>iitleii(:e. London, Miy 13,18ji>. Er flland avd America?Trr itxj Between the Unit td States and Persia?The Sound Dues?India? The Belgian ami Italian ifneslwns -Excited Slate of Italy?Protest of Sardinia?Important Statement*?Disturbances at Malta?Re-opening if Iter Mujest'/s Thtatre? Miscellaneous. $-c. ah regards the quenion between Kngland and tins United States I have nothing to add todiy. Par lament being prorog edtj 'he 19th instant, for the Whitsuntide holiday-, nothing further will elapse from officials quarters till then. The Africa has ar rived. ai d all the paper spublish from the Nbw Yckk IIhkald the Costa llicun conresponienee. By the arrival of the mail from Turkey we leiru that a detersive ("') alliance his he- n concluded b-.. tween the United States and !'e- ia. The terrni oi this treaty have not transpired. It wis concluded at Teheran. From Copenhagen we leurr. that Russia and Swe den have formally adhered to the mode of ca pitaliz ing the Sound dues as proposed by the DaaLh go vernment. The Danish government, as yon are aware, proposed the abolition of the Sound do ?> for a capitul of :t.*>.000,0^*0 of tlx dollars, (Danish money),a sum which scarcely exceeds ane-ha'f of the capital which ut four per cent interest repre sents the yearly income of the Sound dues. The Indian mail has arrived with Bombay advices to the 10th April. There is little news. The pios peota of the indigo crop are favorable. Too banks at Bombay have reduced their rate of discount two per cent. I have, in my recent letters alluied core thin mkc to the state of feeling in Italy. The allusion to Italy at the Paris Corngess, as also to Belgium, is the great topic in all political eircles in Europe at the present moment. The allusion to Belgium by Count Witlewski was regardod as a threat against Belgium by France, and has been the ciu.se of great excitement at Brussels. A regular demo j stration has taken place in the Belgian Chambers, and a forma! protest drawn up by the government. The Italian question is, however, the question of the day, and you curt not be surprised to he ir tiat the flag of Italian independence is ou:e more u i furled, and this time not by Mazziais, hut by the King of Sardinia and all Italy. Count Ca-.our, v, ho immediately on hi? return from Paris, was appointed .Minister of Foreign A> fairs of S. rdinia. gave explanation;! to the Cham bers of the lint- of conduct followed by the Sard ? man Plenipotentiaries at the Paris Congress, uud I moreover produced tvo documents presented by them to the government* of France and England, These documents (which I enclose) created au 1m mense sensation. Tiic one d3ted the 20th of Apdl is a formal pw?. test against Austrian occnpo? on to Italy. Count flavour, moreover, st?ted to the Chamber that the ^ lath ins between Fard'tiia and Austria were any- 1 4 .ing bat friendly, indeed he regretted to say they never wcic on so bad ft footing. Bnt it is the lone of the whi le document which is the cause of my apprehension. It breathes defiance, and is almost a gauntlet thrown in the face of the young Emperor Francis Joseph. The sec nd document i* no l?n?fl important. It proposes a plan for secularizing t!ie Pap 1 States and getting rid of the Austrian and French troops In a word the Sardiniui I'leniprAentlarics brve Htuck up for the Ind -pernl ncc of Italy. 'Hie cite t there documents have created throucrh out the whole of the Its!' n peninsula is immeo-e ? Fiuw MaiU v.e learn ai-o th it 'he Ita'i; n Legion }.. olmott in a stole of rev It. The Times, inita wo.id cditicn ol to-day,La* the following: ? W? .e*m lr.ua ot.r Hr'<?> * :r-ei> d'I u tbt' ? t->u< dtfttortisac ?C3 a :?e a- m .< vi fc? noun,- ut ,is OJzlu- , abeaa . t ? i ?.]?? I.-.. , , 1 (ll* ?ht fi'f' i>1' V ?! i,! ...? 'nr-g nl I si i-?y ? nd i.f'ia 'p v <*,:? ' tjt. 0i <a n- i, ? ! Vd Ia-pnetor ?' i'ob.-u, u-. , ,.-i??ai ott i p ., j Us-p, ??J pi ' ? : ? h "it*' ? ?' * | Zj1 .v ?>. 08 thvs'Sfaovn :i-S r < ina'ot i V yt ????*> ? *. I Off I:1' >?l * -p ta, ; ?: ? ... ' ? ft i a?. i r rt ?' f . 1 ?? ?. O. ? th. ",-1 . ,? ?? I Itriy to take. If. however, Sardinia does draw the sword, cfce most throw away the scabbard. It must be a death struggle with her mortal foe. The visit of the Arch Duke Musemban, of Aus tria, (the Kmperor's brother,) to Paris, is in con. nekton with this state of afi'airs. ltnssia has accredited Count de Reuse as ambas sador to Turin, and Count Chreptowitch to London Count Moray goes to St. Petersburg. The great local event of the week has been the re-optning of her Majesty's theatre by ito old and ceiebtated impreasarto, I.umlcy. The success was complete. I never saw the house more brilliant witn beauty and fashion. The noole b Hiding was crammed to the ceibng ; and, when ?' God Save the Queen'' was given, every one rose, and the coup d'a il was magnificent. I could only compare it to an enormous bouquet of variegated flowers, with diamonds for dew-drops. Alboui was the heroine? " eenerentola" the opera. Thj ballet, as usual, was perfection. Great preparations are being made for the flre w. rks on the 29th, in honor of peace. Double bar ricrs are being erected at all the park entrances to prevent the mush that is expected. Palmer's trial for poisoning Lis relatives com mences to-morrow, and a tremendous rush Li ex pected. Every precaution has been taken by the poll e. Very seldom has a trial created such in tense excitement. Ouj Fails .otf?>p-x.debre, Paius, May 8, Evidences of an Intention on the I'art of France to Interfere in Spanish Affaire?Object to Crush Cut Republicanism in Europe?Cautious Con duct of the Spanish Gocernm* :-t During the Rus sian W<ur~-Jts Rexcard?Case of the Valtntia 4r< -, <S'c. A lew weeks ago a periodical -if Madrid auonnrad, with seeming probability of train, that the Empe ror ol the Preach hud made known to the Spanish Minister at i'aris the inconvenience of the political dissensions btyoud the Pyrenees, and that at the same tnue his representative mar the (Jouit oi lsa bel.a expressed to the Secretary of State ho neces sity of S'.nie intervention to quell so great disorder. The ht itetni tit was at once positively denied by the organ 01 the Spanish government, and since that time tbe subject has quietly slept until Pie last week, when as n itli one voice both 'he imperial and monarch: :al prts.-cs of Pan3 have broken oat respecting he solemn propriety of this intervention; and it is re marke 1 that the only opposing v cce here is from the socialist republican Ere sac, and that men the ancient menu o; representative government, the Debuts, wavers as to Spain, and paints her political position us the rorkest and most unpromising. This tnreat of intervention lor the pacnidation of Spain, winch can be mi.-tiken lor no otN ? t" n one ot imperial au?ge-tioD, is under?' i, both here and in Madrid, bu> in one way?.ae re-estab lisbintut ot the powers at least of the ancient mo narchy, and the crushing out, to the utmost extent possible, radical and last spreading republicanism, ior the future repose of Europe. The intelligent Spaniard nowhere expects that foreign force is to be put in motion for this purpose, us he deems tin le.-.sou of Listo y too recent aud too terriolc for thai; ju the fear.- the power ot money, of intrigue, euJ the permitting of banished citizens to arm andapnear on the bordeis ol Spain, to incite the fanatical and royal tuctioi s. 1 these aic to be measures of inUi ventiou, puttie? to some extent, it is said, widoe driven back on ea,-b other in Spain, and held to gelhcr by the .-a red lie of nationality, a di: tutor w.h be chosen?peitaps, at first, Esparteso?and in tiie end personally or wrtnally, the imperial pjwer will I e Tested in < > Dorm" 11,"because in hi n more t.haa in any other Spaniard are united the qualities of irtut stnan and toldier. DuriDg 'he *jr la the Crimea the co'idnct o' Spain hits been diplomat!a and prudent. With t he most earnest wishes fur the triumph of the al iei, expressed oq m mtrnua occasions, the government has never been able t> supply theaa with a single man or un otue o!' powder; and it wan eikortd that w< re troops otteii pted to be sen* to heir a-siatance, thucgh they might be pot t < :he seabuutd, th^y would refuse to pi beyond the 1 iiti of their country; ai d so adverse was fate, tint :?a lional sliips of reteut construction, which might have answered for traneport-- or u-ainted in other w arlike t ut p'-res, were found to have been ceo en mod in so woiidetfnl a manner ty natural decay as ti reinlei tht-ci un seaworthy arid vorthleis. Still the Bpanimd rendered some service?'i? soid Lis friends the grain, oil and wiue he could spare, adjusting his pricea in the heatwiy be could to the hardness of the times- The go r.i ment did not, however, content itself with ithe sym pathies <T reelings, without actions 1: gave hoa >rs with a hbe-al band to French citizen >: as fur in stance, to a consul, a scene painter, to l'elissicr, and, lastly, a cordon to the King of Algiers, by the Iruid of hin august uncle, the Dulie of afbsi, a grandee of Spain ol the first r>nh, which last be'ongea to Nicho las 1. In such hearty efforts to humble dike the strength end pride of the Czar, it d n a appear that there may be rome ground fir suspecting th it a ?' :s siar embassy may aor.n reside near the' O'ir' of ,\i.:?i: .d. In the contendir g policies, however. if England re -main at a distance, republican Spain must fall be tsvien the cv,dentiy uniting interests of Paris anl St. Petersburg There have been, however, during the sen of the war in the Crimea, some a <3 on tlm past of France which showed but little respect for the rights of Spain as an independent couutry. Of these, the reiznre of the Valentia is the most remarkable. This case, often repented by the nrwapapera, and never denied, shows how much the one nation may venture io indict, and how much the other may consider it her duty to lorbear. A IUissian ship, at the breaking out of the war. found herself in a port of the Peninsula, and beiti? unable proliably to escape, ?be was s Id.nnd bought, aue formalities by under due formalities by a .Spanish subject, tier papers were made out. and the Secrcuryof State made known to the representatives of France and England at Madrid, of the change of Lame of the Louise, us also ot the change of property. Soon after yards she left tbe port of Ca di/., Is r,nd coast wise for fiantander, with a cargo, a part of which, to the amount ot about 20,000 bushels of salt, belonging to the Spanish government. de fore she hud lieen out two {.ours ,-hc was ovortak'-u by two French steamers of war from the port he had left, and captured within signt of the light. P? t?siug Ceuta with the French flag at her masthead and in company with the steamer* ol war, she was not intcrrnpu d'bv the Bpauiuh author ties, and was taken to Oran Una the crew were hformed that they were prisoners Of war, were Mi allowed to land, and the ship was haud-d over to the French authorities as a legal prize. The owner applied to his government for prote rtion, but being told that he had acted with lamentable imprudence, he he took himifelf at once to the justice of too French courts. Here the ship was declared * I iwful prze, hy virtne of un ordinance of the yc.ir 1774,and re is" ned in IK54, and which ordinunc" w.os only mode known in the special bnlletin of Cadiz forty days after the capture of the Valentia. Paris, May 12, I860. Death of Ado'ph Adam?AJfrct-ng Scene at the Theatre Aj,/ique?Affair of the JJi 'gium Pre?.?? The Italian (fuuttu/n- Impon.og Military Cert mo ??/, fye., tfc. The world of music is in a very dilc.ge of tearr. The enure I* the sudden death of tdolphe Adam, whose il aiming compositions have ?unk so deep in to th" punier heart, that there is Out a gamin dt Peril, a cook', scullion, a filic of my blanchiteutt dufn who -F es not char.t or wL srie oae of his beomiful rirs as. day after d -y b" or he wends his way through the st.cc.ts ot the city. lie wis a n. rapid and voluninoo-i com; o.s r,.-.;I?>c uti-ur Frrv rti'Kifx'i Un mice, light, --i .ill,. ,1.1m itc-d Is-,-3. iy,. jnriiuit. With such rc?di/te - did la; a,/p is ? . ivtllous lulcnt, thaf he c- -.-hi et- -?*?? r ,>, 3 a fortnight, v ballet '*1 forte rdgi-t., a cj. :n tl to Lours. Rt'ch a man ivjs of ;n< -ri .1 e v, e t? manager- and direrton. Amor-g bin ?? ?< .pi 1 , .s v ks may be cited "L?j ("i-dnt. ' " i.e >u . r.n " i" -u." "I 0 f" ?-<???? de Prc-t-. . " "|. ? P ? I? ?owe," ' 1.0 Pol at Vvri "Fc- la," ? ,. ri*.r," ' I.c IVjvj I (-It,'' "Lc M-.l< 'er *. To !'dc," -v j i 1.1- r-r. mi the ebtralag loOtto f ? ..t -f. fihiWe-1 '-I "La .i-.-i > - ' ,1! " "b. ty Henri"- end "Tui r-.? On * -sd / ev ling, at the The it ?; T.y.i. ("* ? S Tf. ,i *? die v il.s fine't C<M?? IMS , wj ""* J i vf- i med St the Opm. Such, however, urea the tmf r g of both aadienco end actors, that all wen eon* pletely overcome. The notes of the singers broke down; some fairly sobbed, and instead of rounds of applause, from a theatre full to the roof, tears, thick and fast, and profound sighs, supplied the place. The popularity of the individual came to aid the merits of the composer He was the gayest, the most good natured, the most self denying, while he was the moBt laborious of mortals. To all he had ajkindly word; to every peculiar grief a tone of sympathy, and so much was his time monopolized by the whims, fancies and real troubles of others, that but for Ids systematic privations of necessary rest in the long hours of night, he could never have got through the Herculean labors he accomplished, ttc went to bed on Friday week in excellent health, and in the morning was found cold and lifeless Death had apparently visited him with a gentle band, for his corpse bore no trace cf suffering. But turn we to matter of Bterner Btuff. England Is sounding her joy bells, her Parliament is pouring orth a unanimous chorus of gratitude for the scr vices of the army and navy, her Queen is honoring with d'gn'ties and substantial reward the more con epicuoud heroes of the bloody fend terminated by ti e Conference of Paris, when,lo! in the midst of the calm, it is discovered that the stormy petrel is Hill on the wing,and may prove at any moment the messenger of a tempest that may darken witn a deeper dye those clouds which have so lately over bung al> Europe. In a recent letter, I recorded the opinions of M. Gnizot, the great ex-Minister, on the mpclicy of Count Waleweki's interference with the Belgian press. The words bad scarcely left his mouth before tbo Belgian Chamber of Deputies is ringing with the note of defiance, uttered by the ap pointed Minister of the Crown. The Mnnitmr has been diligently inserting articles from the Morning l'o*t, which support the line the French go vernment thought first to take, and seeks also to dissipate the effect of the strong lan guage need by the Belgian Minister, by stating that the period haB arrived when, by the constitu tion, one third of the Chamber has to resign its func tions, and that the whole proceeding is now ad mptonilvm vulgvt, to strengthen a feeble ministry. This is evidently a mistake; and if the ebullition of feeling in Belgium is to be trusted, there is every appearance of France having caught a Tartar. This, however, is nothing to the foreboding pro dac- d in every circle by the diplomatic note of the representatives of Sardinia on the Italian qnestion. It was said at the time that the remarks in Con -giere could not but offer a premium to revolution beyond the Alps, along the whole extent of the Sardinian frontier from the Po to the coast of the Apenines; but the Sardinian note reads like a VJazini manifesto; it is a trumpet calling to aims the l atin race, and proclaiming to the civilized world the detestable tyranny of a power who has played the chief rile in the deliberations of Paris. "Never,-' itsays, ' were tlie prisons and the6cgnoe so full of politi< al prisoners; never was there a i greater number of persons proscribed; never were I political mcasuies more rudely enforced. What is now going on at Parma is a startling proof of ' this. Such means of governing must necessarily keep the people in a state of constant irritation and revolutionary ferment Such has been the state of Italy for the latt seven years." Again: "Called on by the sovereigns of the petty States cf Italy, without power of themselves to keep down the discontent of their subjects, Austria occupit s militarily the greater part of the valley of the Po aud of Central Italy, and her influence is D-lt in an irresistible manner, even In the countries a here she Las no troops. On one side, from Ferra ra and Bologna, her soldiers extend as tar as Arco i a be\o??d the Adriatic, which has alrooflt become i an Austrian lake; and on the other side, being mu ' nets of Placentia, and, contrary to tne spirit, if not 1 letter, of tbo ireaty of Vienna, laboring to trans <rui it ink. a fortlt&eu place of the firat order, sue keens f arri-on at Farms, and spreads her forces th ug the whole extent of the Sardinian frontier. But every hue of this remarkable document can i.ov but attract the attentive perusal of your readers. When it is considered thai the Austrian and "it dinn.ii riifni"etent;aries have been sitting "cheek by jowl' 'or v eeks together at the council board of the Minister for Foreign A flairs, in this capital, anu hnt in common they have just affixed their eigoa ureo o a traty wliicb is to lull the world in peate :U -limber for an oilier quarter of a century- A Ti unifcto like this can only be compared to one of t !m?e'bells whose sleeping powers of destruction have si.ddecly. from some cause or other, sponti i coi^Jy iguiti u and turned in mere wantonness alike on friend or foe. . In siotc of the good will, says this remarkable dc m nt, of France and England, ai d ol tueir kiiid efforts, the obstinacy of Austria in demanding that tie discussions of the Congress should be rip oil . confined within the sphere ol the questions vticL h;. J b-en tiaced out before it had come toge ther, lias been the cause of the assembly, towards wl.ich the eyes ot all Europe were turned, having ee .irated not only without applying any remedy to the evtlE pressing so heavily on Italy, but without afhudine a single ray of hope for the future ot a na luie to < a!m the public mind, and make it Wear the pie nt with resignation. the Pari pries has nat yet had an opportunity of fxpui -ii.g its thoughts ou the nardlnlau nste. Tne Uf / boa a lev/ remarks, in which it sjieaks of the Itadau uv.c-lion being presented in menacing lan guage. "are r.ot," it says, "some of the passages ot the note similar to the echo ot tne anger which pro-, cLot only a few years ago an explosion ? At all event-, it is to be fesied that the Italian revolution ists w hi hearken to thia language.'" A ministerial jour nal of J'.iri-*. the Ifixorgeminta, said, recently, in w luhieii to the protocol, dated April H, that "it was a spark capable of growing into an irresistible La.\ieGiapier dc Cassagnac. principal writer in the Ccntiilutiinnt!. has juBt received the crow of Coin irander of the OTder of Vrancis Joseph from ttie Fmi-er-r of Austria. This decoration was accomna rieil by a let'er from Baron de Hunner, Austrian Minister at Paris, in which that diplomatist express ed the Furisfaction entertained by bis sovereign at the sentiments and policy advocated bv M. dc has , sagnac in the course of tbe late war. what a com ir.entaiy on the Sardinian note, considering the ptmi-clhciid cb.tract-T of the Ccnetilulionnel! An imposing ceremony baa recently occurred at Cow bcv.ve .when the first regiment of grenadier ? was n usteied in full uniionn, to hear from their colouel, M. de Betteville, tbe official announcement of the honor torif rred upon that regiment by the lunpc ror. inscribing the Imperial Pnnce on its register as er it art d< liovpe. The gallant colonel availed him self of the occasion to repeat, in glowing language, peine of the most remarkable points in the lite or the great Co plain, whose grandson was now confided to their care. He paid at the same time so:i.e well deferred compliments to the reigning Emperor, Hay ing that the whole army knew, in common with all Fn-nce, tbnt the opportunity was only wanted for Napoleon III to display military talent on a par will, that civil administration which had already He cured fcr him one of the brighter pages in the fu tutc annals of Fiance. Tbe men received the colo nel's speech with thunders of acclamation in honor of the imperial family. . The weather Las suddenly changed, ami there is nowaptosject of remething like genial tempera ture. The frosts, however, and bitter ea-t winds hove phivtd sod havoc with the vinc? in the South. The vineyard- of Herault have miffered severely. The con niune ?? Floronsac bad also suffered to men an extent ibat it is supposed one-half the crop la ir revocably lust. ? I'Aiiis.May 12,1858. /r>?li ueiiisnt of the Count rle Sartigr* to prett upon If,i G< itrrriiiht of (fir Unittd Statu the Nno Maritime Derfarotion?The Privateer tyuc?t,on ?Cur Untl frtUrctl em the Water. Though I bar e written yi u bit three days ago, I nf nm BddTt ca yon r n a iutyect of grout, importance to tbc United fctates. Ihe -Coiw.t of 8artige?. the Frenoh Cmperor'B Minlnter I'ienlpcftntiary to the United Mfntct, ah J, tvVL hit )ad.<, Lad pint wtu *r hero in Pari*, ->r :? nr of ab onro liom Dhlilngton,has -otu<" ied to ti,c T iiiud Ft Una month before his congt ex ] !;?? d to j. a? on li e AnicrJr ta Win't r of State. Jot itt01 Marcy, the adhesion on the part of the ft1.* Ft..fe.i tc ihe four points c. tuting the I- nv ntii:. 'hi primeval irtrlfftne powers <.' Eu ? I'm Jinhd r< < u.tly here in Paris, as part of the (fi 'r.ii featy of j,ta?.e between Kutsia an 1 the v.i tfpj htT''. Per the nalteof perspicuity, I htore ?".t 1.1 j fo .i i < "lit , w hhh are of imrueii' e con ji iii' 0 the 1 .miEerce of the World, and more i? .-r>jh to the navigation intr usts of the r.iit d j...i:eu to.. pr.i-.i| y iaat free ahipi t h ike free g?>od*?? principle for which the Unt ''d ^Uteshave alsay* contended and which France inS!",hg 10 7*17 on? of her treatiea, since the year 1713; the Berlin and Milan decree nflviug been merely an act of retaliation on the Bri ti>h ordei in coqlciK Point 2? Establishes the role that the toods of a friend (neutral) ahall be exem? ^Jtare, even under the enemy's flag. This id also a nrin ciple for which the UmtedVteT and Xncefto eluding all the minor mari ime powere of Europe. S?V, n .[or. ocariy ft century or century and a half respectively. Tne above two points ap ply, ol course, only to goods not contraband of Wbr under the law of nations. Point 2?Recognises no blockade and no belli gerLnt"?ht,fl0^?{rom ut that blockade is established and maintaii ed by a sufficient num ber of ships of war to render it effective. This puts an end to the paper blockades established by England during the long wan of the French Hcvo lution, and will certainly be received with rejoicings ly the United btatas; bnt, then, there is Point 4?That, in care of a future war, the res pective parties to the convention waive the belli gerent right of granting letters of marque or arming privateers. Were it not for this p?irc, the United States might hail with pleasure the conclusion of the cenvention and become themselves a party to it. To obtain the adhesion of the Uuited States to all the four points is the especial business now entrusted to the Count de Sartiues, the French Emperor's Plenipotentiary in Washington, a diplomat of moch experience, great r-nrewduesa, extensive practical knowledge and eiyoying in a very eminent degree tne respect and confidence ot the French Emperor. The Count de Sartiges may also have received special instrnc ilons from Count Walewski in respect to the Cramp ton and enlistment difficulties, but his principal business, von may rely on it, is to procure the adhe sion of the American government to the above mentioned foaith point of the late maratirae con vention concluded here in Paris; in other words to promise or a solemn agreement from the United Slates, in case of war with any European na tion, not to employ our fast and elegantly built com mercial marine as privateers. It is shrewdly calculated here in France that this is a question which does not interest all portions of the United States in the same degree. The South ern States, it is thought, would have no great objec tion to the abolition of the belligerent right of arming privateers, provided their cotton, rice and tobacco were exempt from capture ou board the vessels of neutral nations. The com merce in our great staples would go on as usual, and great losses to onr planters would be avoided with very little trouble and expense. A similar sort of reasoning might be employed by some of our West ern people, whose cargoes of breadstuff* and provi sions would continue to arrive in Europe during the war, and who might continue a profitable commerce, though our own ships might rot in onr harbors! The maritime States of our Union, however, will ne cessarily adhere to the belligerent right of arming privateers, not only as a measure of profitable em ployment of their ships during a war, but as a most efficient element of maritime power, and formidable means of aggression against a commercial foe, Du ring the negotiations which will take place, these sectional differences may lead to different views of the question, as they furnish, no donbt, the only ground of hope which the French government che rishes at this time of bringing them to a snccessf.il conclusion. The present period is a very onpropitions one for Ihe United States to negotiate a treaty or bind itself by conventions, which we have not our selves had a share in concluding in the first instance. It was but proper for the United States to nrge the first three points daring the late war, on the consideration of the belligerent as well as the neutral nations; but the war being over, and the question being no longer urgent to secure the interest of our neutral commerce, I cau not see what immediate object the United States could have in accepting the fourth point as a means I of securing the other three. It is not likely that France or England will secede from the first three ! points, (in which France ib quite as much interested eh ourselves,) and there is no need, therefore of ' paying tor a boon which is already secured by a sa criticc altogether exceptional, and of specific damage to our m intime power. Our privateere, in time of war, are onr maritime Diihtia, only, it possible, bolder, more enterprising and more during than any we can be expected to employ at home in protecting our own frontiers. Bv means of our privateers, a war with the United States does not merely mean a war in America, but a war in India, at the Cape of Good ilope, in the " indies, in the Chinese and Japanese seas?in a word, wherever the enterprise of our sturdy marinors is capable of sending a ship and a crew. It is Ibis maritime militia of ours which commands the respect of the world, and makes nations paure before they pick an uujust quarrel with U9. Wo have no navy at all to compare in number and efficiency to the present naval force of England which consists, according to Lord Palmerst m's of ficial statement in Parliament, of 5J0 vessels of ware rmt we con arm more privateers than any nation in .he world, and check er destroy the commerce of any nation with whom we may chance to he at war. To abandon the right to arm privateers in lime of war would be tantamount to suffering onr hands to be tied to onr backs while our enemies are pre paring to strike na. The Carthrtgenians, after the battle of Bama, agreed to deliver their arms to Sci pio, as a means of securing peace, b :h?y had to forge i ew ones; which, however, did iu? save them frem ut'er destruction. . liberal institutions do not favor large stand ing nrnues or navies. Onr wars mast necessarily be popular ones; for Congress alone has the power to utthue war: the Presideat only wages it. In a popular war the principal element of [defence is the people then;selves, armed as they ail are and capable of being enrolled in battalions of volunteers and militia. The same assistance we must expect from our maiitinse population, iu the shape of privateers?a service to which ^7. , a? Spelled , ^ habit, Inclination and interest. England, in time of war can arm her numerous crolzere, a species of craft of which she must always keep a respectable snpply from her proximity to other maritime Powers, while the United .states, separated from Europe by a distance a three thousand miles, have no need of expending ftanuaiiy millions on such a branch of naval service. There is yet another consideration which we must not lose sight of when discussing the question of privateering, which is thi*:J For the last twenty ye?? or so it has been found more profitable to build ships of large tonnage than smaller ones. Not enly are these large ships capable of taking in larger cargoes, bnt they are found to be safer, and to sail farter, because their momentum (the product of the mass into the velocity) is better able to over come the resistance of the medium. For the same reason, other things being equal, a large steam er will outrun a smaller one; and for the same rea son our monster clipper ships outsail even fast ^ u,rj?e, ve*,tj9' 01 which we have lately built a tolerably large number, are the very best crafts In the irorld to arm for pri vateers, being not only fast sailers, but from their size and strength, capable of taking large arma ments and crews on board, which in time of war would be more than an overmatch for the small vessels of war?the cniizer* of an enemy. The United States occupy an exceptional position. Their government is different from any other, and the genius of our people is distinct from that of anv European nation. Why should we not, as a sove reign nation,have a right, in time of war, to select for aggressive and defensive purposes sncii weapons as our people and government are able to employ to greatest advantage? Why should we stipulate be'orehond the mode of fighting? throwingnwuy the arms we have acquired the most skill in, and employ those for which we have less aptitude, uud wbch other natkm. are better prepared to ligh; us ?v 41 /i. %re 18 Bomcth:i>g tempting in the proposition of the flench Emperor?not tempt ing, however, to om-national greatness and power, but simply subservient to the interests of classes or.d Individuals. Timrc Lanac r.t dmix ftrtnfes It ia an oniortunate coincidence that ibis propo sition comts after our filibuster exploits, tb6 Con gress of Ostei.o, ar dotb' i achievements, which hive > rejmtati-n abroad. If we refuse to accede to the convention, we shal. be called ?filibusters ; I, t that tana having already been ajpbcd toi us i so often, has loat its sting. /letter to be called hi.musters even, .him surrender oar national urivder- ? and the el, incuts of our nrtiorrei power. Let us be firm. ^ ^ 1BK iTiilJ* DIFFICILTT IM fclROPi. Tli? r.imedlaJ Prup'iaUI??? of "rvtflaU? j Count C?voiu'* Siotn to E ";innd nn<t 1 A roue's We ?nty?'ii the imported note wlil< > o fl. j*. r Ion ploBipotemtiarics, under date ui' th ? <r | \j til, addrefveil to LoidClftrtudori and ' i?m{ Wtlcmki:? 1' .1 a: '"(ftlgned li-ntp '< ? if TJ. ' ??> \ j ??.? '??.? g' f v?r.ilLi , foil of eo?<:d?ii a '?? ths >?'?> 9 at} i*? > . I feb rr.srrt- . e.<* t... glv.J ?"i I 1 r f*t up fir ?r,?, i. tr. n t ? nt*41o'i<jpe, hfsc tw i-Mt'ig the <? m- ? i*> ,t ?'.? ttr rf,?? * "*?' i fl 'i I, ng ii o m i ' lit iw??? f" " ?' * 4 ?' 1 .%ly, ? a k *. I. i ,i,ui: .^aClut ui.i'.iiM jj iue ivu <A IL..L/'A I ihe provinces of ihe ponineul* by foroigu troops. As rated oi (La aid of adr ilb.i, Uey can hardly believe i bat another power, after having displayed to Uvely and fieri an an interest in the welfare cr the caatern natione o( Sclavonic and Greek raoe. would refuse to attend to the interests of the latin people, who are atill more uu fortunate, inasmuch aa their higher degree of civilization ret ders them ntore geoaltive to the evils of oppressive government!!. Thle hope, however, they have now last. Jn spite of the g< od will of Qbglahd and Vranoe, not with standing tbeit kindly efforts, the persistency of Austria in (.emending that no subject shvuld be introduced into the conferences foreign to the matters they were espe cially called 10 dircuss has permitted that assembly, up on which the anz'ons ayes of all Europe were turnet, to dissolve not only without having effeoud the slightest alleviation in the Mi Darings of Italy, but without having cast beyond the Alps a mlltarv gleam of hope in the fu ture to calm men's Binds, anil so induce the Italians to rupp< rt jei a while he present eith resignation. ihe peculiar position hat Austria held in .he late congress rendered terhape thia deplorable result lnevl tabic. This 'be undersigned are ready to a<l.nit. Bit wlthcut in the leaat reproaching their allies, they think they may justly call attention to the serious oir.ee quenevs which may arise in Europe, In Italy, end ab e ail. in S-art tola. It would he unnecessary to describe toe actual coodliion of I'aly. Wnat has occurred in that country fir some yecis past is already Do notorious. The systems of repression and cf violent reaction that might hav? some just ileal ioyi In the troubled times of 1848 an; 1849 is bow om. tinned wi-hout mitigation, and even, with a few exceptions, with a redoubled v'gor. Never at any peiioc. have the dungeons and tbe gaUsya been more orowcea with poll loal offenders. Nerer has the cumber of sxliea been moia considerable, the ?uivei'. lance if the police more strict, or the political state of tbe people moae cistrtseirg. Wiat is now pu-aicg io Parma is oeyci d btllef. Such a system of rue ne lossavt/'y ea gtnaer* In the population a constant feeling of irriialion and disaffection. Tnls has been ihe case with Italy for he last seven years. Latterly, Indeed, the p.pu'aragi ation seems to havo somewhat calmed. The Italian* etlig cce of their own national monarch* coaleioel with the great Wssfe-n powers in their combat for tae principles of right and justice, ana for the b?r.?flt of th-eir oo-re igi M ists in the East, entertained the h-pe that Caee would not have been concluded without some efforts log mate to mi iga'e their own sufferings. Tuts haps rendered them calm and resigned. Bat when they if iscav er the negative results of (hs Pari* uongreee: when! t shall become known to them that Austria, In spite of the good c fliers and amicable late veotlon of France and Kagleud, has objee'ed to all discussion on the subject of Italy; that ?he would not even countenance the examination or men sure* calculated to remedy eo sad a state of affairs?it Is not to b? doubted tie; their temporarily suppn.ase.f Irri tation wi 1 become more violent than ever. Convinced that they have nothing more to expect from diplomacy, nor from tbe Powers woo take an interest in tnelr fate, the Italians will range themes .yes In the ranks of the re volutionary and subversive party with renewed ardor, and Ita > will again sec me the hotbed of conspiracies and if diroider, ihat perchance may be reslraioed for a time by a yet mere vigorous compression, but which the least oommotion abroad wiiloauseto burst forth with un precedented violenoe. This disastrous state of things, If it engages the a Hen tion of England and Frenee, interested equally <n the I main'enante of order and the' steady progress of civiliza tion. cngh' naturally to occupy moat seriously the go vernment of the King of Sardinia. Tne stir of revolu tionary pass'.i ns in the countries contiguous to Pled moit, the effect of a cause of a nature calculated to excite the liveliest popular sympat jy, exposes her to dangers of the grivast liod, that mlgh- ocsslbly compro mise the firm and moderate policy which, to her, has been eo fer .lie in excellent results, atid that has long at tracted the admiration of enlightened Europe. But this is rot the only danger that menaces Bar Unit. A great-rone stilt exis'sln the con sequences of those means Austria may employ to repress the revolu'iona'y tendencies in Italv. Responding to the call of the suve rs igns of insignificant Italian States, who are ena ble to restrain their own discontented subjects, this power holds military oconpa'l >n o' tbe gretter part of tbe valley of the Po and of Central Italy, and her in fluence, in feet, extends in an Irresistible manner to those provinces where even she may not happen to have solaiers. Resting on one stde on Ferrare ana Bo logna her troops are ranged as far as Aooone, the waole length of tbe Adriatic, which is now in some resnects ax Austrian lake; on the other side, resting on I'laceazx, which, contrary to 'he spirit, if not to ths letter of the treaty of Vtenca, she exerts nerself to transf'rm into a first class fortress. Sue has a garrison at Pa-ma, and can deploy her force.' the wh ile length of the Sardinian frontier trom the Po to the summits of the Apennines. The permanent orcnpa'icn by Austria of terrl. oriei thai do cot teiorg to her renceis ter the absolute mist-ess of the whole of Italy, destrofing the e loilibri am established by the treaty of Vienna, and constitutes a continual menace to Piedmont. Surrcunded In a measure on aO sides by the Austrian*, completely beset on her easiern 'rontier by the forces of this power, who looks on her with no benevolent eye, Piedmont is kept in a continued state of apprshenslen, that obliges her to be ever armed and to preserve a de fensible attitude. This draws heavily on her finances, already deiaiged by the events of 1848 and 1849, and by the war in which she has lately participated. These facts, which the undersigned have just set firth, will he sufficient to make plain the perils of tbe poaitkn in which tbe Sardinian government finds Itself placed. Troubled in demestie affairs by the aotion of revolution ary passions ft at are communicated from negxborfng S'attP, where these evils are engendered by a violent eye em of oppression, and toy foreign occupation?msuseed by the sxteoeicn cf <he \ ow?r of Austria, It may, from o:.e moment to another, be forced by an inevitable neees sity to arcpt extreme remedies, the results of which it Is impossible to foretell. The ondsrslgaed do not doubt that this state of affeirs will awaken the solicitude of the governments of Francs and Eng and, not only cn account of tbe friendship and the reai sympathy toey profess for the sovere'gn who alone amcrgSg all, wh*n success was most uncertain, dared to declare In their favor, but. above all, becau-e It Is a veritable danger that threatens the peace of the wh le of Europe. Sard'aca is be only BUie cf Italy that can erect a permanent barrier to the revolutionary spirit and at the nme time be ltd "pendent of Austria, to whose Invading it finer ce she Is also the on'y counterpoise. I' Sardinia, exhausted internally, abandoned by her ?l ies, was ob.iged to succumb to superior loroe, if the fell under the domination of Austria, then the conquest of Italy by this Power woo id ai once be achieved. A ad Amtria, after having obtained in the East, without the ?lightest sacrifice, the immense benefit of tbe free navi giticn cf the Danube, and the neutralization of the Duck Sea, would thta acaulr* also a preponderant In the West. This woulo be wnat France and England oan not wish?what they never can permit. But the undersigned are convinced that the Cabinets if Paris and London, taking Into serious oonsideration the &Ute of Italy, will advise, in concert with Sardinia, aa to the means of applying an efficacious remedy. C. CAVOUR. Paris, 10th April. DE VILLAHARINA. Seidlnl&ii Note on tb? Condition of the Papal State*. The following is a translation of the "verbal note" presented by the Sardinian plenipotentiaries to the Ministers of France and England on the 27th of March, 1856:? At the moment when the glorious forces of the Western Powers tend to assure the benefits ol peace to Europe, the deplorable state of the provinces under th? gyyerument of the Hoi; See, end, above oil, of the Legations, call* for the special attention of the government of her Britannia Majesty and ef his Msjeety tne Emperor ef toe Erenoh. The legations have been occupied by Aaatrtan troops since 1849. The e ate of elege end martial law have been In vigor since that time without interrupt! in. r?e P >n tificei government only exists in name, since ab ive Its legates an Auctriea General takes the title and exercises the func'ions of civil and mill.ery governor. Nottiug evinces that this state ol things "ill terminate, since the Pontifical government is as |convlneed '-of its impotence to i reserve public or<" er as in th- first days of Its resto ration, and Austria asks tar ootbi-g beater than to ren der her occupation permanent, llere, then, are the facte which present tkemselres?a deplorable situation exist ing always in a country nobly peopled, and in which con servative elements abound; iinpcteice of the leal locate sovereign to govern; a permane .'.danger of disorders and anarchy in Central Italy, extension of Austrian dom niou in the peninsula beyond what the treaties of 1815 had prevlocd. The Legations before the Erenoh revolution ?e-e under the high sovereignty of the Pope but they enjoyed privi leges at <3 franchise* whloh rendered them, at least In the internal administration, almon'. independent. A; the same time the oleilcal dominion excited even taen so much antipa hy that the French army wee received In 1791 with enthusiasm. Detached from the Holy See by the Treaty of Trientlno, those pt' vinoes termed a part of the republic, after ear ls of the kingdom ef Italy, until 1814. The organizing genius of hapcleon changed their a*pact as by 'uonaat ment. The French laws, lnatitutlons, end administra tion in a few years developed wealth end civilization. For this reason, in iheee provinces all the t-editions, all the sympathies, are fix?d on that period. The gov la ment of ha;>olccn is the only tne that survives in the nemory, not only oi enlightened classes, but of the peo ple. Ills memory recoils ac impartial justioe, a strong administration, a state altogether of prosperity, of riches, end of military greatness. Tbs Corneas of Vienna hesitated a long time about replacing the Legations utder the government of the Pope. 1 he statesmen who sat there, although preooc *? pied wl h the thought of re etiabl'ahieg 'he aneLat order of things above every other, felt nevertheless, that they were thus Ifc vieg a hoih'd ef disorders in the mid ft of Italy. The difficulty In the choice of a eore re'gn touh m to give those provisoes, end the rivalry wlilrh might be brought forth by their poseessi.n, male the balance preponderate in fev.-m ?f the Pope: end O-.r dlnsl G"Hf<?lvi obtained, but only after the battle of Wa t?-ilco, tnls unexpected cooccwi >o. lba Pontifical government at its res tor a ion, took no account of tbe progress of ideas and the profound changes that tbs French n'-yiwic had introduced in this pert of its fta'es From tale a struggle bat-sen i.ie gevstr^eut and the peipi was inevitable. The Lega liocs have been the prey of nn >-g ta.lon more or We eecret. but which a*, an.v opp'u.u,.! y tu?.y break out Into levlcthn. Three times Aust'la ldtt? vtued with hir swies to rs-ee-tebll?h ihe en bority of the Pope, con fltsnUy /epiid'zted by his ?utj? :v. F euce icp'icd or> the eerond A ostrlan intervention by Oe i cr oetfon ef Iicon*, on 'he third by tbe tetany of Borne, fcvsry time Krzr.ce I as (mod berselt in ore f#nc- of i u *b events she ha* fe" the tec??*i yo'tnode ? t'.-g his state of things, whie ' Is a ses-.aol to H.urops anf imuiensf f':m*c'e to tbi ne-idcation of Itaiv. lb* '-Mem- randum" of 18?1 proves the de '.-ir*':ls :l*t? ol the country, and th? mwMty aid nr.:-;i-y of acn.ii i-t'i.tu- r?.it :m Mr diplo-atlo co.je,, jdecos cf Gists FtrtUi rarrfee the mp-ffilon ut th>s*?ne feeling. b>- T*fom s whici Pius IX Moself inl t-.. I'd ii 18hi - err the feni' of ols long sojourn af E: , <*. wl erebecoujd^udgo wl h hi* own eyes oi tu- eir-,cts the d'ploraM* itjime imposed oa tbesg pro'lce*. i tif riun i ) ibe t. un?tls i.' tne Powers aui tho?* > <i | >,.tmiii us & lie l ope worn des royed by the om*; ? which the < i?Tien1 cigauiwit! n ?ppo?o<i to soy ?pn . ? line's I >'? -.lev-r ff tiers l?ot? fact tbatia i , ? Eor ibr h< y of h (?? yes re It is the d -?!?*, r - rtii lid .till.' SI./ till inp ?sihilny. of a tef.-i a '*-y if 0 time i_.? rtaso.tE.e dtsircH ot thv ;j'r ? , It* bmra Napalm m., with that true and firm ei vp 4 'mil whtob la bia enaractariaUo, kaa perfectly affirmed aid elearly laoieatod in bia letter to Colonel Neyfhe ?oluMon of thla problem, " Secularization and the Otde Napelaon." Bat tt la evident 'hat be Court of Roma will ootnbat to the la at ex remit j, and with all the meana in ita power, the execution of thaee two designs. It well known how to aeoommodate ltaclf bp apparently accepting civil and even polltieal refotms, inre of rendering them lUosery in oraotiee ; but it also etea that seeularizailoo and the Code Kapcleon lctrcduoed in'O Home iself, where the edifice o! ita temporal power baa lta foundations. would bare it to the rcota, and cause tt to fail by cutting away the principal sopp'rt- "e'erioal privileges and canonical right." NeveriPole-s, If it cannot be hoped to Introduce a u ue reform exact!j in 'liat centre where the onion of the temporal authority WW* spiritual poser is so inter laced that K is impossible to disconnect them without rumlrg 'he ilab of deet ojirg them, it may at leant bp leaiiztd iu th ?t paita which show themselves lees re signed to the clerical joke, which 1* a burning torch of turbulence and corruption, which 'urotahes a pretext fir the pern uncut oceupauoi?f the Aastmas, excites diplo matic oiznptlcariona, and disturbs tne balance of Europe. We ere of opinion that it is possible, bat on the condi tion of tepaia iig, at le'st administratively, this p&rt .rum the State of Rome. In such a manner an ap ?sto ic i rlneipatiiy would be f rmed of the Legations, under the high aimu tun of the Prpe. but ruled by ita own lawe, having its own tribunals ticaxoe, and army. We con sider that renewing a- much as possible the order of the tradltii no' the Napole nio kirgdom will be sore to soon pioduce a consl. arable m ral effect, and will be a great step tuwaros re establishing tranquility amisg those po pulailcns. Without fla'eilng our selves that oomblna lioas ot this i a'.ore c*n last forever, we consider, how ever, that fur a i ng time is would be sufficient for thw rid prcpon d to pacify th ee provlnoes, and give aatiafeo tioa to the wants t>i the p opie and thereby assure the temporal govern sent of 'be Holy Bee without the aid of permanent foreign occupation. We wlh inc tears briefly the essential points of the pro ject, end the mease of givti g them effect:? 1. The piovines of the Roman State situate between the Po, the Adtlatli, and 'he Appenioes (from the provinoe < f Ai.cooa t?i that of Fe re. a) a] hough rem&iaing sub ject to the h gh dominion ol tbe Holy Bee, shall be com pleter hvcuiailzed and oigacirtd as regards administra tive, judicial, military, ana linancial matters, In auoh a w*y as to be separate from the remainder of the State. Nevertheless the cipl>.matte and religious relations will remain excuriveiy he eonce'n of the -'ourt of Rime. 2. Ibe territorial anc aomlnistrative organization of tbls Principality to be established In the form in which it was uneer -he rein of Napoleon I. until 1814. Thw Cede Napoleon to be promu gated, except the necessary moo lit cations in t-e tides regarding the relations be tween Church and State 3. A lay Pcnitflosl Vicar to grvern these provlnoes, .with HJniB'ers and a Council of State. Tne position of the Vicar named by the Pope to be guaranteed for ten years at east. The minietets, the Councillors of State, and all the government > fficers to be named oy the Pra ctical Vt.'.ar. 'heir legislative and executive powers never should extend to religious matters, nor to mixed mattsrs that may be previously (etermined, nor, in One, to whatever regards political International relations. 4. Tbrte privates to e ntriou'e a fair proportion to tbe it aim* canoe or the Oourt of Rome and to the service of the public deb: actually existing. 5. An ltdig^noo'i army .u be organized immediately by mesne oi tbe rui itary onr.t cripMon. 6. Besides the nummuua! and provincial councils, m general council to be farmed for the examination and r? guiation of accounts. Now, if the meens of execution are considered, they will be found not to present so many difficulties as at UrsE might be supposed. In he first place, the idea of an ad mlnis ratlv* separation of the Legations is not new at Rome. It was proposed several times by diplomatists, and ever advocated by some members of the Baeiei 0*1 lege, though in tern s mere restricted than those neces sary to make It a serions and durable work. The irrevreabie will of the Powers and toeir determina tion to put an eno without delay to the foreign oscnpatloa will be two motiv. s that will determine 'he Court oLAomw to aooept this plan, which in the main respects its tempo raj power, a id leaves io-act the actual organization or the centre and the (renter part of its States. But, once ad mitted as a principle, 1 will be necessary that the execu tion of tie pre jeet shoal, be confided to a high commis sioner named by the Powers, since It is most clear that if this task ebon 4 be le t to tbe Pontifical government It would find in its tradttlrn&l government the weans of falsifying entirety the new institutions. Now, It cannot be cmeealee that shjuld tbe foreign occupation cease without the** re'oims being frankly executed, and with out a public force beirg established, t^ere would M every reason to fear a rerewai of seditions quickly followed by the letcrn it the Austrian army. Such an event would be the more cepl*raoie, inasmuch as the effeot would term to condemn beforehand every attempt at improve ment. It Is therefore only ro the oonditlons above enun ciated that we crnricer the cessation of foreign oconpa tion possib e which might be effected in this way The Pontifioal government has actually two regiment* of Swiss and two ot natives, altogether about 8,COO men. Theie soldiers art suffiilentto mr.intam order at Homo and in the province* not e mprrhended in the adminis trative c iv.rira above mentioned. The new indigenous troops, organised by means of the oonaeription tu the sei.nJe'tzrd provinces, would insure tranquillity there. Tho Fieich might leave Rime, and the Austiians the Lrga-i' ns Nevertheless, the French troops, returning by land to 'heir own c .nutty, might, in passing, halt temporarily in the de acbed provinces. Tney should re main for a time Dvevloiisly agreed upra, and stric'ly Di i.etrury for the forms ion of the now indigenous troops, which eh- u;d be organizee with their asslstanse. Interesting Oehatt In tne Sardinian Pa*l!?? merit?Coant Cuvoar't Keport ot aim JUaloiv to Pa lis. M. Gavocb, President or the Sardinian Council, (hue replied to the interpellations of M. Buft'a in the Chamber of Deputies, on the 7th instant, and said:? n ordei to grnu.y the just impatience of the Cbam er and country, I consider it my duty to give yon n short Hcconntcf the proceedings of the Sardinian rienipi tintiarier in the Paris CongresB. The Cham er will understand that. I ennnot enter into length ned d? tails, owing to the reserve imposed upon me by diplomatic usage, and becanse a number of ques tions still remain unsolved. When the government signed the treaty oi alliance it did not think proper to stipulate in a special manner the position which its Plenipotentiaries were to occnpy in the peace negotiations. It was, bow ever. well understood that no peace should be concluded without the participa tion of Sardioa. The government thought that the remainder should be left to events, the inflaence of a nation depending much more on its own con duct and reputation than on written stipu lations. Our expectation was not deceived* either on the field of battle or in the Peace Con gress. Nothing had been decided with regard to our General-in-Chief. Nevertheless, everybody knows the influence he exercised, not only on the field of buttle, but also in the war councils; for the reputation he acquired is henceforth European, and his glory is a national glory. The mission of the Sardinian Plenipotentiaries to the Congress had a donble object. These were to participate in the peace negotiations, and direct the attention of the allies to the unfortunate condition of Italy, and to the mode of remedying her evils. The first part of their task vq&s easy, the cause of the West being supported by the distinguished statesmen represent ing England and France, and the Russian Plenipo tentiaries evincing a spirit of conciliation which X am personally bound to acknowledge, because it was especially manifested towards oar coantry. I am consequently inclined to believe that the treaty will not only have restored peace be tween Sardinia and Russia, but will draw closer the ties of friendship which during centuries exist ed bt tween the bouse of Savoy and the Romanoff family. The object of the alliance has been com pletely attained. All danger on the side of Russia lias disappeared. The Eastern Christians have ob tained every thing they could desire, and the exis tence of the Ottoman empire has been consolidated. I do not mean to overrate the consequences of the treaty ucr our material advantages; but I must say that the neutralization of the Blac<t Sea and the free navigation of the Dauube will exercise a bene ficial infinencc over oar trade. We have obtained another advantage, by the consecration of anew maritime principle as rcsjierta neutrals in time of war Th inks to that principle, the small States have no longer to dread ths affronts of the strongest, and thns disappeared one of the causes which might have broken the Western alliance. Since the con clusion of the treaty of Vienna a secondary Power was for the first time permitted on this occasion to participate in the solution of a problem affecting the general interests of Europe. Thus have all the doc trines established to the prejudice of secondary States at the Vienna Congress been set at nought. This fact greatly raided our country in the estimation of na nations, and placed it in a position where the wisdom of the government and the virtue of the people will maintain it. I Am now about to treat a delicate miration. The French Plenipotentiary had directed the attention of the Congress to the excesses com mitted by a portion of the Bclgiai/press against the French government and Its chief. The English Plenipotentiary, after warmly defending the pnnci le or liberty of the press, which is one of the bases (f the British constitution, loudly condemned those ? x< esses 1 concurred in his declaration by a sim < If adhesion I did not think priper to deliver a speci h in favor of liberty of the press, bccsnse I might not hove efficaciously served its cause, and would have certainly injured that of the Italian notion. Eon.e of the PenipoUntiaries, besides* world have been enchanted to divert attention from the italicn question and fix it on the press. But had si oken I should have only followed the cxim le ?1 the English Minister, and adhered i? ? great measure to the sentiments expressed ' y the Fmich Plenipotentiary. The latter, in very moderate lnngusgb, condemned the exceso?, not "i the journals preforming exaggerated doctrines, t.ul of those which attack the French government, rot hy oignmcnt bn* by contemptible abuse and atrocious calumnies. Friendly relations cannot long (or.tir.ue between two nations when such jonrnals ere p<inr<t<d to exi t. In manifesting that opinion I ion hi have only rspented what Iliave already , snid in this Innae. Five years ago I stated that | Jil ortyr (.f t];c press could be carrlt d to Its ntmost i i.Toiis without (iaiiser at home, but that the cos? ! v. tilt) >o dliienrt with regard to foreign .-its tea; ami 1 'i d so couriered of 'Ko' truth, that if I were a 1 is Ig'ftn dnmiy, f si. mid be Inclined to concur In I try friend Oi lion's opniion. and consider it my defy j to di t ounie to the cl.amuer the perils such a state of things is tolfiilsted to produce; and. in doing en, 1 nirnld he intimately convinced of having rendered -r. t?v>tTt/-pafv errlrp t/* liberty. f-ivt!?ia-? l'lempottjilurries liucc.si the attention w tuy