The New York herald. [volume], July 04, 1859, Page 2, Image 2

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2
greater fa-illly. With the Austrian system of recruit in* i
h> impdstble Ki makertat v rflloenttoldlnrs A orai- tut m
it oulieU'd liiimmtl )' for eight yearn, nut afltr k,i, loav
ol ut?u lice is giviu, and h* is u<t called n again t i.ept '
Care of war ruren (ninths of this array, lieu, ev.a o
the ortlilrry ?iru, tre hn-u or 1 *n than ?wo y?r*' aerwioi
To such ati-n the wartare of this rouotiy limit be in n
trying. rh.< tru-s lire ho outue 0u? that too oerni'se
their oi-mj till witb'n a oupe or hundred yards, an.
thry nrviir see thi n own support* That an army ? i com
posed Can l> two 'o. got lis equal lei ras ror ten n ?ir? until i
superior forco of pi kid Frunsh t oupa pro . ea ilia' wit
goon nsansgemetil duimg this cauipa'g'i the ill ra can b<
depended on uvit tear todoauyluing wtichro.diors hart
ever done
I.tke a I allied ariE'es, the French nod Strdlo'aus abn??
each oihor Freuob prisoneis Bay of t-.nr fricu> " Cta
* * * la w K halt 11 fits," aod a .Strdiulau gentle
Mao, carried oil oy a pttrole the day benre yesterday,
says the French qui.r h never stopiied ruootof from
Magenta till tbey put :h.n Veroelll ii.OHO tu'triau soldiers
were got together close to dllau, harhat straggled
50 far as that when tVlr reg rarots were beaten haOK on
the 4tb. Some oi thorn w re s en fraWroia n* with partics
of the French, who did cot fc .101 tfc> country to 1
were wanting off straight to Mean. The F-vucU having
h'aady in their c?nu-< n? and the Austrian" water, may
have added to thur mutual auiisbi'dy Thocurain saint!
oi th s srmv not 1:1 nr. Clam's nun lelt hit'sn ioi
Sou tUrtmo'at daybr?*K on the at lust., suae or I im
liavuigjusi arnveo fnai V?ron, aul tor flfiy hoars I ??
UMirt'J tbey dirt not eveu gel s piece of breed.
A in w division of lb- iimi. * is ixprctnl shortly, the
First sod Ninth oorps, though operating with the sec >nd
army, belonging to the tlrst The fourth army is aesr
Trieste, snu is also deilmed for Iialy when thoroughly or
gamzed.
Each Austrlsn curjrs d'armrr consists of two divisions
nudtr s lieutenant general, or lioulcnsot fl-ld marshal, ad
the; call it Here; iho divisions generally have two
brigades, but some few have three; toe brigade c>usirt:
ol four batulions o1 infmtiy, a troop of cavalry
and a batter; of artlilsry?in all 4,200 men woea com
plete Beenft ih? se there it a force of reaerve artillery
lind a cavalry c ups, under G-neral Count Meoadorir, a
most dashing officer. By tbs way, I neglected in my last
letter to m- ution tho n&ne of the colonel who led toat
gai ant charge at Ponte M igenla. It was Baron E liishoiin
with three iroopj ol lii ret meet, the Preasseo Bus?*ra
In rob sequence of the Inghtful slaighter of nfiliers
Id every late aifair the Emoeror has ordered thsttbiy
Bbs'l wear caps. This will he a great boon to the Quartermaster
General's staflT, of whom thirteen have fallen al
ready, being so eas<l> known by their light green plumes
If a battle is accented on this side of the Mjqco the aua
triaufi must hurry up more cavalry. At preaent they have
only 6.COO?quite enough for patrolling, but utterly msuffl
cient u> m accoutre on the open country abeut Uoatechlaro
and Gasteguone.
Tl.e jieople are very frank with the Austrian officers
They acknowledge tb it tbey wou'd orefer to bo under a
purely Iomoaro government, but tboy add that if either
France-or ?avty adempt to annex them they will assist
the Aurtriuis to come back.
STATISTICS OF THE AUSTRIAN ARMY.
* 1.
THg NATIONALITIES IN THH AI STE1AN ARMY.
The Austrian army li raised and composed accorling to
nundoim recruiting system. In trnoof peace one per
cent of lbs whole population of the om;aro is perm meatiy
under nrtre The population of Austria now being 31,
600,000, the ftrcngth ol the army amounts to 395,000 men.
Ia time ol war the number of the army can be doubled,
by taking two per cent of the whole population, and
amounts, therefore, to more lb -.a "OO.OCO men. This formlcablo
army is composed uf the followiug dilferent
bodies:?
62 regiments of regular Hoe Infant'y.
16 ivgimeb's of national front r Infantry.
2? tKittaluus Chasseurs (JVldgug-r Bittadone).
1 Tyrol sharpshooter regiment (6,000 mec).
16 regiments of Beus d'Armeris.
8 regiments of Cuirassiers.
8 regiment* of Dr..gr>ons.
12 regiments of Ulnns.
12 regiments of Hug-- -re. .
12 regiments of field Artillery. I
8 battalions or feaucg (tortreas) Artillery.
1 regiment of Kick?l Artillery. I
0 divisions Field Pioneers (Pionnier Field Battalions).
6 divisions Forli&cation Pioneer* (Pionnier zeag Depots).
3 divisions Pontonmers.
1 corps of Engineers.
1 corps of Miners.
1 oorps of Suppers.
The different tiaiinnsof Austri i are represeDted in this
army in tbe follow og manner and number:?
HiM.AiUA.sd 22 regiments of line Infantry
12 regiments of Hussars.
1 regiment of Dragoons.
Italians.?10 regiments of line Infantry.
4 battalions of Chasseurs.
2 regiments of Ulans.
Doles.?la regiments of line Infantry.
2 battalions Cbasseurs.
7 regiments Of Clans.
1 regiment of Dragoons.
Croats and Sclavonians.?16 regiments of Infantry.
6 Cordon battalions.
BomatiANS and Moravians.?11 regiments line Infantry.
6 regimen's or Cuirassiers.
3 regiments of Dragoons.
2 regiments of I'i.ins.
16 battalions Cnassears.
German Provinces.?Old hereditary provinces, called
tbe ' Krbiande," comprising Austria proper, SUrla, Karintbla,
Tor.ilberg, Krain :?
j rogimeuih ui HUB loiuntr}.
6 battalions Chasseur*.
2 regiments Cuinaetors.
1 regiment Dragoons.
I regiment I'luns
In per cent.age we find the following number*:?
30 per cent Hungarians.
17 percent Bohemians and Moravians.
14 per cent Pole*.
12K per cent Italian*.
16 per cent Germans.
II y, per cent Croats and Slavonian*.
The proportionally email number of Germans is fully
made up by the artillery, which c insists almost exclusively
of German*. But we could not tase tue Artillery,
nor the Pioneer, and Gens d'Armerle corps in calculating
consideration, these troops haring no geographical limited
recruiting district*.
n.
SYNOPTICAL TABLE OF TUB ORGANIZATION AND
STRENGTH OF Til* ACSTRIAN^ARMY.
According to the "Imperial Army Regulative" of 1K5G
nil Austrian troops are divided luto four complete and di?
tincl armies. TheCunmaader iu Chief of all tae four armie?
is tbe Emperor himself. Oa hie side, as hiB Mijestv's
Military Council, stands the Royal Imperial Cabinet (K.
K. Mllitar Kanzlei), wliose permanent President is I.'eutcnunt
Field Marshal Count Franz Grunne. Oeooral Adjutant
ol the Army and First Adjutant of tne Emperor; the
I'ice President is the Arcbdulte William, Field Marshal.
The Imperial Cabinet Is subdivided ic the following seven
Beetlons:?
Section 1.?Adlnrtantur General, Pres'd. Peter Springlos
frld.
2.?Operations Cabinet, Preell. Gen. Quartermaster
v. Hf 88.
3.?Mil.tary Acmlnistration, Presld. Maj. Gen.
Baron v. Bomberg.
4.?Military Education, Presid. Lieutenant F. M.
Baron G.irlzitti.
6.?Gtn. Artillery Direction, Presid. Lieut. F. M.
Vinzenz Angarl'n.
6.?General Direction of the Genie, Presid. Lieut.
F. M. Count Caboga.
7.?General Quartermaster Stall, Presid. Lieut.
F. M. Count v. Hess.
Tn* POUR AUSTRIAN ARMIES.
I. ARMT?CHIEF HEAUltl AKTRRI< VIENNA: COMMANDER IN-rHIET,
COUNT FRANZ WUfTFFKN, FIKLIi QUABTHRXASTKR; ADJUTANT,
UARO.V KT.VATTKN, F. M. t.
1st Corp* d'Armde?Headquarter* (in ptace limi)
Praeue: Commander In-Chief Count Clam Gallan. F. If I..
It Fburtik A i my, or Army of I
1 ! Poland (U tilcta) 1
i i 2(or|>B U'Ariure 84,MO 62,Mt 104,OM i
a 13<h Corps d'Armue, now I
If uboul lo be termed. ? ? 62,MO I
i j To'ul 62V,0M ? 706,DM I
1 THE NEW AUSTRIAN COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF.
' BU>UKAI*HICaL SKhTCa OK FUaNZ bCULICIK, COUNT OF |
, BAKsAKO AND IVKIS8KIKCUKN, NOW COMMAND**- ,
, IN-CUIKF OK TliK AUSTHIAN AKMY. I
i I Ti.o di ?r Coromandor-'.n Chief of the Austrian army la I
( lt?>y, (ieueral Oouui Schlick do Biaaaaio and Welaakirchem j
i ! Aulio Councillor and Chamberlain to the Emperor Fran- (
. Joseph, *u born In Prague In 1789. He deaoenda 1
> fi am one of the oldeat fatnillei of the Bohemian no sllity. J
Alrtady in the twelfth century we And the name of the (
Brhltcka, on the aide of the Czornlna, Kinakta, Kotza and I
i Sternberg*, in the annala of Bohemian hlatory. At the '
| o'oee of the fourteenth century the family becatte au I" ,
I dinly,bva happy accident, one of the rlcuett and meat i
\ i re a earned, not only In Buhomia but In Europe. A Veue- 1 c
i ! uau merchant,travelling on boraoback oyer the 3r7gob:.-ge, j
i J from Bohemia to Saxony, diaeoverod on the spot where a
' i>ow?tiuida the town oi Joachimatbal (alx miles from Carta- j?
, had), the rlcbeat ailrer miuea which Europe ever poa- v
i leased. The tbrewd Venetian knew enough to keep hia a
secret fur some years, and, working with a mall body of j1
Italian minora, he gathered Uumenae wealth, which he j,
i divided with the proprietor of the soil, the Oouat Joachim 11
Scbllck. ?
As stoo as the discovery becamo known thooaanda o ]t
purple l'.om Bohemia and Saxony, and oven from Belgium T
t.u t-fimiu, wigraitn 10 tue now c.i Dorado, am la 1516 i (
wo Qn>l ;n the valley of Joanhimsthal not less then 20,000 t(
QMH'fb and workmen. The towus of Jotcbimstbal, Got- g'
to.'gab and other*, sprung|up with the aatno quickness as bC
n muuein uuie8 tbe Pjwuh ol Cauforniau and Au8.'aiuu ?
gold tie oa; and toe Count* Soniick, in their quality a* 1''
grourdholdcrs, grew exceedingly rich by the same mcuu ,
and ol'CumetaccoH by which Captain Sutter, in California, 111
ought to have amassed hi* fabulous fortune. 111
Being the feoffors of that part of tne country, the Sihlicks <;t
bail tne exclusive right of coiaiug m >ocy. and the drst UI
diver oobars ooiued in Eurnoe came out ol tne mint of ^
Count Scblick of Joaihtinstbil, and were called Joachim's fa
thaier, the word thaler being au adjective comiug out 111
or be ug and belonging to the valley; therefore our " al- 8r
mightiy ilo'lar-' (only a corruotun of the Grrmaa word
thaier) got it* name by one of the forefather* of the man "
who commands row in Italy. K'
In the beginningot the seventeenth century th" Schlicks Ul
held ennneut rank uuuer the revolutionary tea tors of the "*
Bohemians, and in 162$ one Ciunt stohlick wai behealel
ou the orilor of the Emparor of Austria al the market ,a
pluco of 1'iaguo. S nee mat timo the luuitiy lout the 'J11
eat part of its large Bohemian possessions. They were
confiscated by the Imperial CumtuiMtoaors.
Some of the greatest and most valuable dominions wl
("herrscballen") now in the bands of Clara Gallas, of Btl
Count W a Id stein, and Prince Edward Schw.rzaubeig, wao *n
commarda all at present in Italy, belonged originally to "u
the Counts Schltck. ea
The grandfather and tbe father of tho present Count fl1
Sch'.ick were Austrian fielu marshal lic-utoa iota?the drat
distinguishing himself in the war of tho Spanish succesrion,
defeating the Duke (Prince Elector) o' Bavaria; the a"
latter nerving unucr the unfortunate Wurmser la Italy frl
against Napoleon the Great Count Franz Scnkck ootorei
the military service in 1M18. At tne battle of Aspern, in m!
1800. bs wa* lieutenant of lancers in the corps of General
liobua. In 1813 he was named chef d'eecadron au 1 or- a*
derlv officer to tne Emperor Francis II , ana took part in
a'I the piiucipal engagements of that period. He lost an "
eye in tbe battle m Wacbau, which prevented his oqtng
employed during the campaign of 1814
We dud him in 1830 as colonel of a regiment of hussars. P01
Before 1846 be retired to private life witn the title of Held ,ro
marshal lieutenant, and lived several years at Praguo, mi
belonging, with the Counts Thun, Deym, Bhuquoi aal mfl
others, to that party of the Bohemian pobihty which, un- 001
dt-r the rule ol Me.ternlch, was regarded and catted tbe J?u
liberal party. In 1S48 he was ngain called into actual
aervice, and by the unfortunate Minister I-atour charged ~rl
I w.lh the ccmmoudership ol a corps d armie in Gallicia la
1 December ol that year ho passed, with a corps of 20,000 BUJ
I men, tbe snow covered Karpathes througU the passes of
I Dukla, and repelled tbe Hungarians in the battle of Forro,
I In the neighborhood of Uitkoiz
| He advanced as far at Kas hau, where he foil upon
| tbe Hungarian corpe under Meszaros, the late Mlnitter
or War, *.00 found bis exile la this country, and died J?
some months ago In Kuglond. Meszaros commanded tb
eighteen battalions or Qonvids, one regiment of hussars, Al
the I'oilsh legion and four batteries, the battle which
ensued, between almost e<iual forces, on the 4tn January,
1849, was fought on both siies with great bravery, but at
ended in the vic'ory ot Sehlick. The Hungarians left on the J?
battle field ten cannon, six munition carts, several hun- J*
died dead and wounded, and 500 prisoners. Schtick, as '
well as well as Ueszaros, diatinguisbed himself by much b<
personal courage
At tbe bead of a regiment of Cheveanxlegers he dashed el
on the Hungarian Qonvids with such impetuosity that ha u
found himseil' suddenly in the rear of the Hungarian lines. *
Notwithstanding, he could not push on bis operations
against Heath, to Join Wlndiscbgratz, and waR oDliged to '
return to Galhcia, or to retire through the Uatra maun. "
uinl- ?!
His position was exceedingly dangerous, Ina'mu :h as Oor- M
gey, with 116,000 men, had occupied almost all the routes
in the mountains, aud Kiapka, ?ri?ta ? ooritr of 0*1,000, ,
advanoed from Pestb. Alter a furious battle at Ssouto b<
(19th Jan., 1849), not far from Tokay, and several blooly B<
wgagements, be sncoeeded by a brilliant manoeuvre In i.
escaping over tbe mountains and Joining at N'euaoh! the
ror| s cf (leneral Gotz and lablonoaski. ''
Klapka, in his memoirs, as web as Gorgey, acknowledge .
Ibis retreat as the best strategical manoeuvre executed by cu.
an Austrian general. Some weeks afterwards Sch ick *
participated in the battle of Kapolna, and distinguished
himself by a rapid cavalry and artillery attack, flis pon - 1111
tiod in the neighborhood of Gyongyrs, In the defiles of 00
Sunk, was so exceedingly dangerous that he escaped only co
by a daring attack, and by the strategical faults of oi l
Demblnsk), who paid by bis dismieaion his unpardonable &
blunder. kC
Although Schllck was regarded by all Austrian officers ,e
as the best Austrian general, he was not promoted; but **
on the contrary soon put aside, because be was not at all f'
, in favor with the Archduchess Sophie and the conrt party. u
Being ot very advanced opinions in political, and still
more in religious matters, he was mistrusted, and even
in tie beginning of tbe present Italian war care was taken "
, to Lave him u> far as possible from the buttle field. f'
IUncfore the commancleiship of tr.c most remote army? b
the army of Gaihcia?was given him.
lu 18t4, when Austria armed at the lime of the Eastern P1
Adjutant and Chief of tho General Stud, Baron Herziogcr.
9ih Corpt d'Armf-e?Headquarters Brunn, in Moravia
Commander in Chief, Count dchailgoUche: Chief of th<
General Staff, Baron Lederer, F. M L.
3d Corps d'Armee?Headquarters Gralz, In S'-oria: Com
mander in Chief i'rinz Kdaiund Scbererzenberg.
U. ARMY?CHIEF BKADqrJSTKRH VERONA: OUUMANLlRR IX 'HrEP
antnOUI,MW count * chuck, i.enkkai. op cavalkt
CHICK or THE flE.VKR.'.I. STAFF, liAROS KI BN V. KUHNUEIH.
6th Corpe d'Armoe? Headqu.rters Milan, now Mintua
Commander-in-Chief, Count Siadion, Chief of the Genera
Staff.
6th Corpe d'Armee?Headquarters Trevigo. Coalman
der-In-Chief, Prince Friedrich Lichtenstein.
7th Corpe d'Armee?Headqu.irten Verona: Commander
In chief, Count Charles Waioioden, now Baron Zobel.
8th Corps d'Armee?Headquarters Daiogna, now Mantua
Commander in-Chief, General Benedek. tit
in. ARMY?(1UBF niAl?qlAKTHJ< 0'K5 E? Ul'SGABY: COM
JIANIlKR I.v nnKK, ARCHDI Kg AU1UCHT; CUIIP 01 THK GH>
STAfT, A5T05 V. CMOKICH, V. M L.
10tb Corps d'Armee?Headquarters Posit: Commit
dor, Wilbelm Boron Allemun.
lltb Corps d'Armee?Headquarters Ofen: Coainundei
Count Wcngersky v rogerscbmz.
12th Corps d'Armee?Headquarters Harm innstadt l
Transylvania: Commander, Prinz Charles Sob war mi
berg.
1st Cavalry Corpsd'Armee?Headquarters Pestb: Con
mander, Prinz Francis Lltchtenstem.
IT. AKirr? CUIW MAlAil A8TSR.S LC.MUKRG IS GAUJITA: CO*
mam.kk is nuar was oocwt nuwois hchuck or babsas
A*t> Wn.?HKll:CHK5, GE5MRAL OK CAVALKV; CBW 0? TU
GKNSBAL STAFl, ySKISi MA KM HAL LIBIT. i'AKK'/T.
2d Corps d'Armee?Headquarters Krakowie Con
mander, Count Christian I,oin]oger.
4tb Corps d'Armee?Headquarters Llmbarg: Command
er, Prlnz Edward L.cbtenateui Ctuef ot tbc General Stall
Baron Borciolo, F. II. U
The 13th Corps d'Armee is about to be formed by ai
"Imperial Decree'' of the 12th Jane last.
I^TILB RHAL 8TBIKGTH OP Tng AUSTRIAN ARMIES.
On peace Tooting each regiment of infantry has lhre<
battalions, counting together 3,000 men; the cavalry re
gimente count 1,800 men and boraee. In time of wai
each regiment of Infantry can be brought to seven bat
taboos, counting 7,000 men; and the regiment* of eavalri
to 3,000 men and horses. The fourth battalions betni
called Id, each regiment of infantry count 4,000 men
each regiment of cavalry 2,000 men and horsea. Now, ai
a telegraphic despatch from Vienna tells us, the Filth bat
taboos are ordered to be under arms. Supposing the*
troops will be enlisted about the 18th or 20th of July w<
find the [exact strength of the four Austrian armies a
follow*:?
Jtrit Army, or Army of Actual (Jthe BOt Total 4
Germany, or which two Strength ttattalwn Middle c
oorps are now In Italy Sow. are called in. July.
lit Corps d'Armee 42,000 S2.000
0th " " 41,000 61,000
3d " ? 40,000 60,000
163,00
Oeetmd Amy, or Army of
Italy, now complete In
Italy?
d'Annie, each
42 000 1OT0W M000 coe,0<X
l?ww Amy, or Army of
Hungary, one oorps oT
which is now in Italy ?
9Corps d'Armee, of 42,000,
sad one corps of cavalry
queBtion, ne bad successively the command or tbo 1st and c'
| did '.,rpi d armrr. la Gallicia: but alter the battle of Ma- B
penta, lost more by tbe incapacity of Gyula' than the sira- P4
t Ugical skill of tbo French :ma Sardinian generals, the eyes r1
ol all Austrian officers were turned upon Soblick. Gyulal J*
was sent before a court martial; the jirut'gi of the petticoat, ''
and the clerical party was ignomiuousiy dismissed. Tbe 1
Kmperor could not withstand tbe unanimous wish of his ?
army, and a telegraphic despatch called Sshbck from "
Gailicia to the commandership of the first and second
army in Italy. 1'
Time will show if he is as able to command a groat as well r:
as a email corps d'armee; bur nobody doubts that he Is In '*
every regard .a belter general tban Gyuial. He Is a a
general of the species Mural, dashing, Impetuous,full a
of personal courage, exceedingly beloved by all olll:ers "
and soldiers. a
In bis exterior he is quite the reverse of the ugiy ball- *
dog-iike Gyulal. Although be has lost one eye, and bound ?'
it up by a black silk sling, bis face is, even by artists, *
regarded as a Uau ideal of martial beauty.and wo find c<
therefore bis portrait in all military almanall of Europe. P
> Although nearly seventy years of age he has lost nothing
of bis juvenile agility and his dashing charactor. His e
(election it a sign and a proof that the Emperor, scarcely "
> some dajs out of the hands of tbe Vienna camarilla, has "
broken with the Jesuitical party, and we may therefore P
, expect, at no very distant time, some Important changes In
3 the interior pontics of Austria.
Minister Baron Bach probably will be the firat to follow P
Gjulai, as this hypocritical protector and ooncoctor of the *
Concordat was, and Is, a personal enemy of the gallant P
! Schllck.
TI1E FRENCH AND SARDINIANS. {
1 THE IlKALqUAKTEiU or TUB ALLIED ARMIES IN I
ITALV. 1
CiflliNA. /an thA ranlra nf tha Athla 1 .Tnba 19 1qrq Y
I Another promenade mMtaire has brought us over the 0
Adda. Although the Austrian* have succeeded this time t
better thin before in destroying the bridges over the 1
- river, not only at Lodt but likewise at this piaco and Va- t
prio, this measure baa, aa you aee, not very mocb ro- c
i tarded the progress of the allies. Provided aa they are a
t with a numerous pontoon train, calculated especially for a
the country, with its numerous rivers and canals later- c
1- sorting the road, afew hours were sufficient to re-establish | L
tire means of communication. As for defending the banks
'? of the Adda, the Austrian* ootid scarcely think of it. ex- 1 v
cept in a very desperate case. The reason of this Is j c
u simple enough. The right, or Lombard bank of tbe 1 o
i- river, commands the opposite bank almost all along its s
course. A crest or jialtau of from forty to one bun- i d
i- died feet In height skirts the right bank, now t
approaching tbe river quite close, and now receding a lit- > v
i- tie distance from it. Ine other side, on the contrary. Is J
0 ta uninterrupted plain, which tho eye can follow almost ' v
a to the banks of the next tributary of the Adda and Po? n
the Herto. It il something like that of San Martiuo and , t
i- Turblgo oa the Ticino, with the difference, however, tual ti
there is no canal and corresponding elevation oa the op- i t
poelte bank. There Is, indeed, a canal alongside this ti
T, river, which ferllizes the district of l.odl, but it is oa fi
this side of it, and at this point so close to It that it looks | t
1 more like a little branch than a separate stream, only a i i
nanow ha.de Intervening between tbe two. j u
The Adda Is the last line of defence which exists up :
9 to the Mincio; there are, Indeed, here and there po- u
sitlons which possess a certain strength, but they
r are isolated points only, where the defender
may ofTer a battle nader favorablo conditions,
r if he be so Inclined. All the different roads
[ wblcb come from northwest and south, after palling tbe
Adda, unite in two main roads, one in the north by Bree
cia to Verona, and the other by PizzigbeUooe and Cremo
na towards Mantua. These two roads, or one or them, at
s any rate, must always be the line of operations for an
e army marching to tbe east, but there are eo many by
roads and crossroad! connecting the two, tbat for an army
need to forced marches nothing la easier than to deceive the
n enemy on the object of its operations. The more one apf
proachcs the Mincio the easier this heoomes, for the two
main reads oonverge.
Whether tbe Austrian! will rsosive us In the famous
Rectangle or Fortressee, or will meet us on the road, remains
to be aeon. We know that they have received
0 great reinforcements, and llkeSlsa that othors are still on
the road; it will probably depend on whether they are
able to bring them up in time. On the other band, the
allies have likewise taken their measures to oppose to
these efforts on the part of the enemy others on their side.
) Whatever oro may say about the rapidity with which
the French army appeared on the scene of action in Italy,
France was not prepared for the war; the regiments t
which bad to leave In hot haste were on a peons footing,
except those wblcb came from Algeria. They had scarce'
1} mure than one-half of their strength, the rwt be'ng on
) what is callod rcrtcutxWk?toat Is, after serving
NEW YORK HERALD, M
three or four year*, tbo mea are allowed to go oa far!ou|b,
which le renewed at hort periods, ustil they have
served their time. It is oniy siooe the war bogus that
these uiea 1.1 v > been oalled 10. aud most ot the a bare oy
this um? arrived. Their number alone wtU add quite a
ibird 10 tbe forces, aud tbeo it must bo remembered that
Lbtae are out recruits, but seasoned Midlers, moat of the*
la>u>g from the Crimean campaign.
Tbus Itotb |Ntrtiue are prepartig with equal vigor Tor the
sreat occasion. In tbe uaeas time, until it buppaas, tbo
allied ai truce, at amy rale, bave an agreeable t an of It In
lb>e ft rlilo and beautiful l/un'J?rd plan, through wblch
they are marching. It la nko an agreeable pruoiuaade lu
l park. Although tbo country between MiUa aad the
adda is similar to tbal further west, yet the richness of
ibe v. gelation, combined witb tbe perfection of cultiva
jon, pivss it an entirely dill' rout character. Thus yoa
nave vbu long, straight cAaunces, It is true, but they are
lot tboeo moc.otoious sunnurut roads, with equally mono
icaou* rows of willow*, or naked, closely planted poplars,
*opp?<) clone as chanty boys, but you have a road proecied
in most ports by h'gb, full Boreal chestnuts, pip
art and elm*, which Impart shade even at nomlay.
Two llttlu ditches, with clear, flowing |
itreams on both sides, impart additional frevo
teee, and vivify a dense mass of brushwood aid
:r nepers at the lout of tbo high tree*. Besides the w;Id
lino, wbicn croone up gracefully under tbe branches of
is tr.ore powerful nrigbhors, you Uud there all the 01J
cquaintsnces?tbe nut, lbera*pborry,tbecranberry,aud <
IVI/ vi IUD IUITO, nu?? bi lucir UtittT fcUO I
rash water, nettle a number of wild ilowers in all their <
tried garment*. The bide roads are ao longer those tire i
cm* nursery garden rows, which must have served as i
ledels lor the background in tbe pictures of the early )
Lallan school. The richness of the vegetation has tranairmed
tbom into delicious cool country lanes. Tbo rice- t
olds have quite disappeared, and tho corn-fields are \
inch lies In qucnt. loatead of them the eys roams over
irye plots of grass, chiefly ihirlt Lucerne, which is grown y
i large quantities iu thrn country, renowned for .is dairies. v
befi rmti enclesuioe bey unit are so completely hldd.ja by '<
le richness of the brushwood and the free growth
' tbo trees, that they seem the borders of a *
insiderable forest, Just sulllcienUy cleared to an rait the
a?a p ot. All this mass of verdure ia animated by the <
ing (t tbe nightingale, tho blarkbird and lark, who seem i
havo forgotteu thenutn rous sporiameo of Lomhudy, or t
irhapa ibrnk that, wbile tbe cry it "Horte al rodeechl," '
ey, as good prtrMn, hav> oo'.lnng to fear, from Milan '
1 along to the Adda the villages succeed each other with n
much rapidity almost as la the neighborhood of Login,
only ibey are picturesque Italian villages, and not
iilorm suburban hamlets. Besides these you almost T
reiy moment meet one of the co>rwit, or Isrge detached ,,
rm hourcs, or ?eo tbem in the distanoo, peep.ug oat of .,
o trees beyond the road. Every one is thu centre of {,
cups of taasanu, who seem to have forgotten their j,
>rk in tbeir anxiety to have a look at the troops. ,
rerywherc ycu are greeted by tae sounds of music and D
asses, gaping crowds saluting and crying ''Evvlva," ,i
)ipd reposing nod refreshing tnemsolves, tho whole r
jIif like going to a fair. ()
And th/ougn this jubilee tbe soldiers have to march by h
sy Btagvs. Wneii they arrive at tbe halt lor the day (>
ey encamp Id Ibe green llci'M to tbe right atul tho left. (|
e tenis aro soon pitched, there is plenty of wine, bread u
d meat, plenty of wood to cook with, an l water every- d
tern. A detachment goes to tho village to fetch cle an a
'aw, and the bivouac is ascomlortable us cao be. Vow ?
d tbeii, indeed, a shower co-nes down v> so-ill tbo fun, ,j
t no one can s much about ttils while tie le < i plenty to u
laud drialc, and the next morning tho ecu dues the t)
st. Not the least important part of the aft-raoon's u
sinesa Is loraging for dnlulie3, wh e'a Is pleasant work ?
iong such EUtnbSW of rich Krms, eggs, fowls and milk 0|
?never waniiog, nor is tbe payment al foil market K
Ice only, bu' ofun rather more. If it gics on lute this ^
9 peasant will soon lose bis fear of war, which, In his t[
Dd. is always equivalent to gtviog without receiving.
Lhe stir, aninutioj and easy life which Ih i army leads y
present are, it seems, contagious, for every whore yon ,j,
> volunteers, whom you cau recognise by the trl-colo'rod n
.tbers in the hat. and nflnn A nim-A nt ni-intad n,mni- K?.
id it, with "CacciaVrri cLUi Alyi" printed ou it. The j0
me of (inribaldl, mo iees severe discipline, an it in lap hl
ted, and the romantic character which attaches to bia r
ops, seem nil to l>e so many allurement*, which take
ich more than the regular military service In the ret;lits.
With all this the pool people, I think, rather de- Ri
ve tbemse'ves, for tho Uaceiat-iri itelli Alpi have just as ^
ch regular drilling to undergo before they join as if a.
y were rogular soldiers of the line of his Majotty Vit- tn
10 Eromanuele II. Those who are under the superinten- ttl
ice of the capLi a of the depot at Como hare, I dare
lound this out by this time. v(
w
THE TWO ARMIES IN THE FIELD. ft,
(From the I/mdon Times, June 21.J ol
Seldom bus a mere rem irkable contrast been presented u
the public eye than that contained In tbe letters from a
c two rival camps which we published yesterday. The a
istrlans and the French are traversing the same coon- ,
y by the same roads; the latter, indeed, follow almost v
the vtry footsteps of the former, while neither side tl
itolutely monopolizes the ordinary advantages of a u
arch. If the French enjoy tbe sympathies of the popu- ,
tton, yet the Austrians are the first on the road, and p
iey are enabled to throw difficulties in the way of those u
ihmd them. They destroy bridges,or barricade towns,
' face about occasionally and make a stand against the
lemy in some favorable position. Every day, too, thoy r
'e drawing nearer their fortresses and their resources, E
blio tho French are continually advancing from their a
ise of operations and closing In upon the formidable t
les ot an obstinate foe. For all this, however, the oon- t!
ast between the two armi63 and their proceeding i
rer one of the most striking views that could bo oon- j,
ilvcd. t
Look at the letter from the headquarters of the Allies,
m writer nu hardly nud words pictorial enough for the
muty of the country, the luxuriance of its produce, the
inisllty of its climate, or the sensations of pleasure with
hicb every soldier Is penetrated as bo pursues bis march.
ie ro d li< s through shady lanes, enlivened by the song *
the nightingale and adorned with the most charming 0
iwers. After a few hours of easy and delightful exor- G
o tho troops arrive at the camping place for the night.
here they find excellent pi ovisions, all kinds of rural "
itntles, and a moat agreeable bivouac. Tbe next morn- *
t, refreshed and joyous, they rosumo their advance, b
Iy to go through a]similar promenade with a similar G
dcIucod. There is nothing of war about the pro
eding except its stimulus and excitement. It Is ''
"iubilee."' a merrv makira. a "fair." or d
lythlng rather than a campaign. The description cl
minds va of Robin Hood's men In Sherwood Forest, dla>rting
themselves through pleasant glades, dining off ri
>od rod deer, and sleeping at night on smooth turf under 0
le greenwood tree. v
Turn now to the headquarters of the Austrians. Oar v
irreepondent there writes from thecoma coun- t
y, under the same date, and after a march 11
, er the very eame roads ; and what does t
e Ea>? Ho can scarcely oeecribe the sulf jrlngs, the 1
npatience or the disgust prevailing around him. The t
sat week?that very period so agreeable to the French? a
as been a dreadful one. Tne writer himself, though
.rcrg and bile, and with the adv antagc of a horse to
irry bim, found the sun and due; '-almor.t inaupportalo
" The wounded soldiers must have writhed in toriro
as the miserable springiest ox carts of the country
ore them slowly along for nearly twelve hours a day.
he roads were nearly impassable. A mounted officer 3
ould hardly get along at the rato of a rude an hour, r
istead of univcrsat jubilation there is universal rags. 1
ancers tear away the ilags from their lances; riflemen "
luck from their caps the flowers which they always car- i
y in war time, and officers either give vent to 'neir fury ft
? execrations, or more discreetly confine themselves to I
Dgry gestures and frowning brows. What makes all this i
lfl'ereiice? What is it that invests all nature with Bmiles "
i too eyes oi one army, wane every unng appears gioorny
od hateful to tbe eyes of tbe oilier1/1 One condition only
rorks all ibis marvel. The French are. vicarious, the Aui
(are have been defeated, ar.d the contrail 10 iividlg though
) undesignedly depicted in the correepmience before ui may
jr.tvy an instructive idea if the ex'.-nd to which moral <mrcssims
affect the efficiency of a inldier.
As tbe war proceeds and car information becomes more
xtenslve, we shall probably obtain a more accurate luIght
into tbe ciuses by which the relative ininority
of the Austrians bos been determined.
About tho facts themselves there can
>o no longer any doubt. We published on Monday the
(Tidal atatistlca of the Austrian losses at Magenta as comuteti
act acknowledged in General Gyulai'soini returns,
nil we car hardly give the public a more impressive coneption
of the care tban by saying that a force as large as
hat encamped at Chobham was placed hort de combat In
hat one battle only. That one day demolished on the
Lustrisn side alone as many soldiers as were spread over
he whole of Chobham heath when the camp was fullest,
nd such s retreat as our corresponlent describes must
iave cost many more. It does not seem that tbe Austrian!
mve been pressed by their pursuers; Indeed, the march
if the French is repiesented as leisurely In the extreme,
lor nas there been much fighting since the combat of
ilalegnano end Its sequel on the morning fallowing; but
be position or the Austrian army makes Its work aweary
me. The labor Is doubled by recollections of the piut,
md perhaps by misgivings of the future. Officers
md men have fought well and bravely, but they have
ertainly not been well led, and their strength and oourage
iave been uselessly expended.
Our correspondent touches incidentally upon a point
rhich may bear, perhaps, in no small degree upon future
odes of military science. lie Intimates that If any Stile
r any commander could mature a system by which overy
oldier Id an army could be always maintained In a conition
of efficiency, such a system would insure advanages
equivalent to absolute ascendancy. Tbe reflection
ras suggrsted, no doubt by tho present spectacle of the
luatrian host, and by a comparison of tbe power obtained
vitb the magnitude of tbe machine for supplying it. In
nost urm'es, Indeed, It takes vast numbers ef men
a furnish a few thousand available soldiers. The
uargin left for casualties of all kinds Is somehlng
really terrible It is not merely the sword of
he enemy by which the force is reduced, tbe really
atal agents are exhaustion and disease. What can
K-come of soldiers who. like tbe Austrian* before the bat
hi ui i?r uitjr uoura am not gel OVtO Bo maCQ
s a piece of bread?" It is on y a residue or a fraction of
force, under ancb circumstance!, which can be relied
pon for fighting, and It la evident that eucb condition!are
ikely to be created by the very measures which are taken
0 counterbalance them. When it is known or asenmed
bat 60 per cent must be doducted for invaliding from the
trcngth of an army. It becomes necessary to provide two
nen in the plaoe or one, and these very crowds render
applies more difficult and sanitary precautions less
iracticable. Ono third of the soldiors brought up m
uch haste by (ienfihal Clam to the field of Ma:enta,
would, it they had been fresh and vigorus,
Instead of famished and falntlog, have been
rortb the whole of his exhausted corps. N'or is
1 only on a campaign that the system is perilcious.
for the neceeslty of maintaining 1,000 solHers
in order that 600 may be forthcoming, doubles
he weight of standing taxea and the rigor of the standing
onscriptlon. It is not quits fair, perhaps, to point to the
ificlenoy of the French; for victory end confidence, as we
lave already remarked, form a true military elixir; bat
1 cannot be doubted that the excellence of their organlzalou
gave them a great antecedent advantage. They are
?tter managed and better fed than their antagonists, and
ood management, as becomes dally more evident, Is half
battle. Napoleon used to say that the strongest army
iss not that which was most powerful in numbers, but
hat which at a critical period was moat powerful at a erica!
point. We may give the maxim a new turn, and say
lat the best army is not neces*arll7 the largest army,
nt the army which ran produce at any moment tbe
>ax1mum of efficient combatants. To Insure tbis result
re must recur to the doctrines of sanitary scKnc\anl ?
[QNDAY, JULY 4, 1859.
we hope Mr new Minister ef Virwd nst ever leek the
ml
ATB0C1TIE8 OP THE AU3TBIAN8 IN ITALY.
ITrom the Losdoo rimes, Jane 91.]
Ia ear lmprus*iou or yesterday appeared tiro documouts
connected with the history of the war, which wecannot,
la lae interests of humanity uaJ justice, allow to pots
without further remark The ttrat was an olQcial statemoot
emanating from the Sardla-an government, and communicated
a a formal manner to the representatives of that g over
omeut at foreign Courts lu tluscircular the Austrtans are
charged with a deliberate violation of the laws of war,
and iu particular with a cortaiu act of barbarity whlou la
drHcilbed and aulbeuticeu-d in the most circumstantial
manner. On the 90th of M iy, the day on which the battle
of ktODtebello was fought, loaie Austrian troops were
encamped on tne heights of forricella, a small district In
the province ol Vogbera, adjoining the road on watch the
combat took place, between Casteggio and dlradella. A
patrol of tbis force, we aru told, arrested a constable and
compelled birn to serve as a guide to the Tillage, wbloh
the soldiers entered tbey proceeded, under the siute
guidance, to i house InhsbiteJ by a family named Cigaoii,
comprising five poisono so called, lu tno position apparently
of i-mall peusunt formers, uiid four others, prob.ibly
either servants or laborers- fbe house *.u seoroho 1 b/
ihe p..tiol, sn J tne iuvesiigntiou resulted "in the discovery
of s iuiji.ll leathern bug. oonttunlog a email amount
jf shot (pi"hi ds chain-)." Ills not asset ted that any
irons were found, nor do we learn that aoy other evilencc
existed to the prejudice of the household Upon
bis evuienoe alone, however, the patrol arrested the euilre
famiiy, and conducted them from the village to the
rest uce or the Austrian commander, who was sitting on
is horse on the high road in the midst of hie troops.
(Vhat follows had better be related in Count flavour's own
words:?
After exchanging a few worda in Herman with the soldiers
a ebaj-ge of the prlaocers, the commandant tola the nonviable
?bo kae served as a guide m ra uaim where be was lie uteu
rdned UiSDiDe unfortunate peasants, who could not mat*
torosolvta undvrstood. and who were trembling all over, to
Useeud utoapathby the roadside; they hM scar jeijr goae a
ew alerr when it? commandant pave 11 signal to a platoon to
re on item. glgntoi ibeae nnfortanae men fell dead; old
in it' II aotuallr wounded, (are no una of life. The Austrian
roopa H in ued tbot' marcn and tbe commandant turning to
bo constable tnUl Lien he might go, and, that ha might not be
rtainei by other Austrian troogi In the neighborhood, heguve
I go a ea'u tr present If access*!"', for hit safe oonduct I'bis
erd wss a simple vIdling card, bearing, under a oounl's ooro
et, Ibti name
Feld Marshall Lieutenant Urbaa.
Buch to the story gi von to the world by Count Oavour,
rho not only vouchee for iu authenticity by representing
. as " legally continued," but expressly ?t*tee that H te
ublished In an ofllotal form by tbe government of Har
tola, in order tbat It might bo the more readily believed
> foreign countries, and received with tbe Indignation
rbicta its details ate calculate! to excite. Now, we have
o wish to forget on this, any ptore than other occasions,
bat there are two aides to a tale, and we may, perhaps,
eniarlc tbat the report* or auatrWn rapine, incidentally
enounced by Count flavour In this very circular, have
etn considerably qualified by correspondents of our own,
ne of thtm acting with tbe Allied armies, and free
torn any Anstri&n bias. StUI, we canuot but conclude
bat this butchery wax realty perpetrated In the manner
escribed, aud both Austrtana and Sardinians may well
mure themselves tuat tbe tedienationof Europe wnl wait
pun the deed. It is just possible that the evidence against
use poor peataot* was somewhat stronger than 1* al
god?,b;d, we can Imagine, would be the form whicn
iu Austrian exculpation would take: but however this
lay be, the cold blooded massacre of tbe family is an a;t
hich may in 'eed have paiseu as necessary in the days
r Tilly and Wallenstelu, but which will now only create
ebutider of horror wherever its circutnstauces are
nown. No conditions that we can suppose woul l justify
iu> imruaruus turn wooit'sme cxacuuon, aua mu
18 execution really took place, and tint !
icfc nice countrymen were abet down as '
sseribed, we cannot doubt. Not only la mere tbe
instable lo bear testimony to the tale, but tbe old far- 1
ler himself, cot having bteu killed on tbe spot, survived '
ir live dayn iu the hospital of Voguera, to which he bad
ecu carried, and Count Cavour in forma us that General J
rbon's card, with other documents bearing upon the .
loir, remains iu possession of the authorities. J
The other story lo which we have r.Verted furnishes a 1
cnal contrast to this shocking piece of military cruelty. J
n English traveller has aotually paid a visit to the heal [
lariors of Garibaldi, and has given his countrymen, f
trough the medium of our columns, some description or ;
is redoubtable partisan. Garibaldi and his men 2
ive been painted by the Auatriana in colors of the '
try darkest dye, insomuch that our correspondent '
as fully piepared to encounter some or the purest '
lecimtns of brigands and cutthroats. To his surprise, ,
a tiuua a quiet, Intelligent man, commanding a body of *
rderly and respectable patriots, not attired In very brll
ant uniform or oostume, but tboroughly well conducted, '
do animated, apparenuy, by sentiments which would do ;
ny men honor. Gsribaldl feels deeply for his country's j
rrongs, but be Is neither a brigand nor a butcher; and if, '
rblch we should be slow to beueve, there are many Aua- :
rian commanders who could order such an outrage as )
hat committed at Torrlceila, we can only say that those J
rbo have been heaping opprobrium on the beads of the ]
Lallan patriots must prepare to sustain the reproaches
ticmaelves.
There is one aspect, however, and by no means an unnporlant
one, In which Count Carour'a circular msy be
egsrded with general satisfaction. The appe.il which It
lakes to tbe opinion of Europe could be made only on the '
asumption that Europe would respond to the call, and ;
hat tbe indictment preferred against the Austrians would,
f sustained, bo visited with the rebrnbation of the world. 1
n this assumption there Is much that la gratifying, for It
adicates the march of civilization and humanity even in
he estimate applied to the laws of war.
VISIT TO GARIBALDI'S HEADQUARTERS.
TO TBS EDITOR OF TBS LONDON TIMES.
In the course of a tour (June 8, 4 and t), in Switzerland
nth an Australian fellow colonist and pastoral squatter,
ur wires and a young lady friend, wo ascended Mont St.
iolhard, with the intention of crossing by the Forks pass 1
o Innterlacben. We found it impracticable, and rather i
turn turn back, determined to go to Como, of which place 1
re heard from the conductor of the diligence that Gari- i
aid! bad taken possession, and then by the Slmplon to
eneva.
Ten miles from the frontier we were told that the Aus iar.s
had driven out Garibaldi with great loss, and our
river was kindly informed, while we stopped to par- ]
base cherries, that his horses would be seized by either
ide. We ourselves felt quite safe. Fetter and the viitu- |
irr seemed to be of the same opinion, and at ,
nee aisonted to our order to go on till we i
rerc stopped. Were tbo Austrians In occupation .
re could only be turned back ; whereas, If |
iariboldl still bold his ground, It was not likely that, even
' such ruffians as reported, his men would practise brl- .
[andege in the two miles between Chasso and his head- ,
uertcrs, and upon English too We bowled along the ,
iroad smooth road, worthy of England, through Chasso, ,
nd cvor the bridge, when wo wero at once pulled up. It .
ras a lovely morning after toe rain, and numbers of j
adics and gentlemen, principally refugees from the seat of ,
iar wo understood, were s'tunteilng about. On the loft ,
mi guardhouse, with an unusual numbe" of very bright <
nutketa: on the right, a short distance along the road, ,
rare three Austrian Douaniers, in all the dignity of sword |
.nd uuitorra, who locked quietly on, while two out of a
lumber of men in plain clothes, standing about the guard- (
iousc, came forward and asked for our passports. It ,
ras Garibaldi's outpost. The first was a tall good looking
nan of 30. dressed In a brown shooting coat, with black
,IU.. vtvicci 9 dii'Ji nniDiV<l1ur BUU icn uai, an naviug nau j
lard usage, but still tidy; the second an Intelligent look- ,
g rnau cf OTty, with a red none, and the appearance f ,
. well to-do phoemikcr, with a email ehop and a largo i
.imlly; be.ju.'t looked the man emphatically to have laid j
town the law for twenty years to hie neighbors upon the .
inity or Italy and tyranny of Austria, and then turned ,
mtto support words by deeds. Feticr produce 1 his 11- ,
leDse as guide, and explained who and what we were, and
?e banded a letter from the landlord of the hotel, stating ,
hat we were to return to Lagano that night He said
hat be would give us a receipt for our passports and give
hem up on our return. He gave us tne receipt with a
KJlite bow, and we went on our way rejoicing. We found
bo people as quietly st work m on the Swiss side, and
lumbers going and returning to Como, from whom we
earned tbst on taking possession Garibaldi bad at once
irganlzed tie administration of the district.
We drove through quiet streets crowdod with armed
nen to the Albcrgo del Angelo, and were received and
ihown rooms Just as we should have been s year ago,
>nly there was s guard In the gateway, and we passed a
com full of officers writing, ror tho General had here
aken up his headquarters. We did not consider that it
iroula be a serious breach of the neutrality of the nation
f we paid onr respects to the Garibaldi who defended
tome, and who amid all the blunders and disasters of '48
ihowed that enly time and opportunity were wanting to
lcveiope In the Italians a slDg'omindod heroism and con
itanc7 worthy of ancient Rome. After lunch we sent
n our cards, and a message came from the atdo do camp,
ia?lc? that me General was asleep, but that as soon as ho
iwoke he would present them, and bad no doubt
io would be happy to receive us. in
lour's Kninter among the volunteers wft were In- 1
'ormed that the General would be happy to wait |
jpoa v v isuies, auu id ? suurv note ue was shown la. Ho
proved m different from what wo exported m wm tbo
itate of the town from that reported. From bis portrait!
rod warlike exploits 1 bad pictured to myself a very tall
arge man, of sallow complexion, with long black hair and
3card, with something of the romantic air of those Splosh
guerilla chiefs, who sung their own gongs to the guitar
>r killed people with equal gusto. Jnsttbe reverse. I could
trareely believe that the quiet, unalfscted, gentlemanly
nan who entered and sat down with us was Garibaldi, ue
s of middle height, not moro than live feet seven or eight
ncbes, I should thins ; a square shouldered, doepcheated,
powerful man, without being at all heavy. He has it
loalthy, English complexion, with brown hair and
)eard, rather light, both slightly touched with grey,
Lid cut very short. His bead shows s very line
levelopment, mental as well as moral, and his race is
rood, though not remarkable to a causal observer?
lotbing to show the man who could form and carry oat
luch plans as the retreat from Home or the capture of Cono;
bet wben he spoke of tho oppression sad sufferings
>f His country. the Hp and eye told the deep feeling long
ioppressed, and the steadfast, daring character of the
nan. A child would stop him In the street do ask htm
what o'clock it was, bnt the man condemned to be shot In
oalf-sn hour, would never, after a look or that calm determined
face, wsate time In asking mercy npon earth.
Daring oar long Intervlsw he spoke much of puslng
svents (excepting his own share), bat without southern
gesticulation. He has the calm manner and appearance
>f the English gentleman and ofQcer; It was only wben
as spoke of the generous sympathy of tho people of Engand
with the sufferings of Italy that his iaxon-llke cilmless
gave sway ; then, as be assured us agatn and again,
low thoroughly It was appreciated by Italians !
if every class, end how grateful they wars
or It, bo showed that the warm blood of ,
tsly burned In his veins. My Impression had ,
>een that bis operation* were more the result or rash ,
mpulae than military calculation; but It was palpable that, ,
itrong as may be bis impulses, they are thoroughly under ,
xmtrol. Bold and enterprising even to apparent rsshiess
he is no doubt, but be Is also cool and calculating;
ad as I watched him on the opposite side or the table,
elllng the ladles of bis voyages to Chine and the antipodes
is pleasantly and calmly as If In a l/ondon drawing room, ,
rbile at any moment he might be interrupted by tho ,
re of an overpowering Austrian force brought by railway
o his outpcat, I f it no doabt that In case of the very (
rorst he had arranged exactly what to do, and would do (
t. But 'lua Impressed me moat was tho mental cailbro i
f the tain; I met him with tho idea that ho was little i
more thu a dashing popular military leader. I purled |
Iron him with the oouvictwn that his.warlike career U a .
mere episooe le hia history, and that tin true gr-ata >83 !
will be aeuii iu the political rtgoneiatiuA and gsvernuueat
of bin country.
Ae toon aa be left ua General Garibaldi mounted eal <
rode oQ' with two aides ue osaip and two Sardinian light ;
cavalry, of whom he his two bundr<>d, amid lout tuu u i
from bin men, wbo seemed to regard him with the are it- '
eat reaped and devotion. The 10 wimp topic 1 o starved ti
be extremely cautious. Oar Urn iu.pitries legarrtel tas
expulsion of the Austrian*, wbiun bad occurred just tho
day week previoua, and appeared unaccmuUbift
After leaving Cbaiuio tee rovl goes nearly noutn through (
A well ciiltlvated, aligttUy unilu'atlaa country, witu a Hue |
of hills on either sldo The couotry rlset gralua'ly on II
you come close to Oomo, when the brotd v* ley contracts
to about tbe wl 1th of 1,000 yards, with a s eep nul ou
tbe right and a high ground ou the left. Tnere is then a
sheer descent to the Lake of Coino, dowu winch the
road zlg zaps till it reuonea the bottom of lite bi'l >u
the left, wbere It passes a uuurub and enters a street
of well built atone houses, which rues to 'he right between
Urn bill and the Jake, then turn* south until It
reaches the main part of Oomo on the south side of a
small bay, auu facing the dcacuut from L'htus.o Unlaw
Marshal d'l'i'bau whs surprised, or distru Aod his m"u,
his cutura' course with a disciplined and superior force
would have been to fight iu the open country at the to, u
the descent, wboro, from tho high ground on either side,
be could have swept down Garibaldi's force by a iltuk
flro from bis artillery. Instead of that tbe Austriaos 1
foot of the bill, where the cavalry was uieltwj, the arUl- j
lory little better, ami his auperioiity of force and tlieoi - '
pline unavailable; while tbe irregulars bad jaat what
Buileil their Impetuous courage uud individual ac'.ioo,
a doiperate hand to band struggle. Tbey poured
over tbo bill like an ava'anubo, totally regard
less of tbe buavy fire, and at ouce came to ,
close quarters. Within two hours of Mughal
d'Urban's leaving tbe hotel to meet (1 iribaUll, ho repassed
it in full retreat. A respectable Inhabitant to d mo tbat 1
Ihe AUblriaus seem to have uo spirit for bo causo, aod !
that it was Garibaldi's nume which was a terror to idem
more than bis force tbat they lied before. We were informed
tbat the volunteers had sixty six killed, with a
very small propoitlou of wounded. Two Austrian officers
wore killed in the church, be?i lee others killed, wouaded
and prisoners. As so much bad been said of tbe brigandage
and rufllanism of Garibaldi's men, 1 oxamlned Hum
carefully. I have had considerable practice in tbo discrimination
of bad faces, and have occasion illy surprised
s gaol chaplain by picking out tbo habitual from tbe casual
criminals, but among the huudreds I saw I did not Dad
one; wild young scamps whom tbeir fathors lectured J
and their mothers cried over thero might be; aud i
many no doubt who bad sauntered away life talk
log of Italian independence, who, ii Kogltahmen,
most probably, or if Scotchmen, moat certainly, 1
wouid bave worked hard abroad if not at aorae for personal
independence till tbe time came to light for that of |
ihelr country; but tbat the force, or any appreciable pro \
portion of it, is made up of bad character*, I have no <
hesitation in denying, fbero is a large number of geotie- 1
men?a Urge proportion appeared to be son* of or th'-ra ]
selves smali prnpriotns, farmers and tradesmen; toe re (
maiuder operatives and workingmen from town aod uouu f
try?all men who had worked honestly for tbeir living, i
or did not require to do ho. decently and comfortably 1
Jreeeod, and all wonderfully tidy after sleeping so 1
org in their clothos. I did not see a ragged fellow j
mio.ig fbem. Tbeir behavior wis everywhere tho ,
lame?quiet and orderly. Some I saw In tbo band ,
sumo cathedral, admiring it, tike ourselves. One or <
;wo joined the service in a side chapel. The cafet 1
were well frequented, too, but in very many cases 1
)nly to write letters, at which tbey were vei v grave
Dehors patriotically did tbe amiable to tbo fair Coaitaos,
out I saw not one drinking, all were sober an l ready to .
all In at a moment's notice. They were good customers,
out tho pamotizm af the shopkeepers did not ve.il itse f J
n low prices. Doe young fellow I saw trying to puribare
one of tbe Bmall leathern bogs travellers sling over
he shoulder, but hie francs were few and the seller obturate,
and bo had to leave it. I wu* much interested in
.wo yonng gentlemen, apparently brothers, who wore gong
from shop to shop lilting out tbe elder, who looked {
iincteeu or twenty. The ycuoser had the seasoned look '
vblch a few weeks give the campaigner,' if sleeping J
in wet ground "under tbe canopy" does hut kill or j
icnd him to hospital at once; tbe elder had tbat
doom of youth which seldom survives hard contact '
?ith tbe world, never If with personal hardship. 1
'he rOCrUit Wa8 glOWing With booaful rTC.t,imr>nt- i
rar had still its poetry for him, while tbo young ]
cteran, though spirited, was quiet and business-like? 1
rar was a stern reality. He looked carefully to the tea- 1
ure of the great coat, their only uniform, which the other
>ut on as II it had been a robe for a triumph. I In a true J
ayiug, "(live a (log a bad name and hang him." Tbe j
tustrians bave to industriously called Gario&ldi and his
nen brigands, that, lor consistency sake, they will hang !
tnd shoot them like dogs if tikon prisoners. The perfect !
NnfldSBOS of the people and the absence of any report of
he smallest outrage confirm the oolnlons I formed from 1
heir appearance and behavior, that instead of being ,
guerillas, like eome of the Spanish bands?as mush robMrs
as soldiers?they are respectable citizens lighting for
their country, carrying Into war the same respect for life
ind property which tbey showed In peace. Keen the
l/jmbards In the ranks are quite as much entitled to the
Flair usages of war as the Americans at Bunker's Hill,
tnd If the Austrlans light as bravely as they did fifty
years ago, and after being beaten thoroughly again and
again, again and again renew the fight, I hope the opinion
or Europe will be brought to bear against such
vengeful barbarity as they exercised ou regaining Lombardy
in 1810. Thero is no sign beyond a small tricolor
cockade of tbe majority being soldiers: those with means
wear over their clothes a I gray great coat and a forage
cape of the same, trimmed with black. Tbe groat majority
are bearded men, between twenty two and thirtyfive;
a good many youtbs, but gonerally of tbe humbler
class, and stout, healthy lads; a few elderly men, but all
bale looking old fellows, and apparently well to do in tbe
world. They seemed in excellent heart, but no sign of
bravado, or any demonstration, except on tbe appoaranee
Df their general. lAte In tbe afternoon we loft for Lugano,
where great surprise was expressed upon bearing how
comfortably everthing progressed at JCome.
OPERATIONS OF GARIBALDI.
Turin, June 19, 1859.
Tbe following particulars of the com oat at C'astuncdolo
have been received to day
General Garibaldi, wishing to throw a bridge across
bo Cbieso, In order to keep oumoiUQicatlons
with Brescia open, placed part or bis troops at
fte/.zato and TreDonti to oddoso tho Auat-ian van
[uard, which had advanced an far as that plica Some
lompantcs or Chasseurs d'Alpcs attacked the enemy's
imposts. The Austrian* yielded, aad were pursued ,
is far as Castenedolo, where the main body of the
memy attempted to surround u?, but our troops I tome- 1
liately withdrew. General Garibaldi then came to the
cecue, and succeeded in bringing our men to their former
positions, causing great lone to tho enemy. We had 100
tilled and woanaed. The King ordered tho Fourth division
to advance to the position, and General Ctaldmi acxirdlngly
led part of his dlvlMOu to llezzato to support ,
General Garibaldi. The AUBlrians withdrew from Castenedolo,
after having blown up the bridge over the Chiese
before the town of Montechlaro.
The Vienna Gaz^Ue gives an account of the combat of '
fcetenedolo, which diners very materially from that fur- 1
niched by the Otficial Hull tin of Turin. A loiter from
Verona of the 10th, In that journal, says:?
The brigade ot General Kupprecht, which forms par' of
ihe division of General Urban, was doriDg lia march atlacked
Dear Castenedolo by Garibaldi, who had with mm
I,(CO men and some detachments from tho Pie imoutrpo
brigade of Vogbera General Urban repulsed tho enemy
in tne direction of Brescia, and took 80 prisoners, among
whom were tever&l ofllccrs. Garibaldi bad 400 killed or 1
wounded. Tho iosi of the Austrian is trilling; thry had '
three officers wounded,
Tho J'itdnumlese Gazette of the 19th announces that Gon.
Garibaldi has caused the bridge wnlcb he had thrown
over the Cblese at Botloletto, and which had been damaged
by the Austrfans, to be repaired, so as to be again
available for troops.
IMPERIAL MOVEMENTS.
(From the Brussels Nord ] .
We have reason to contradict tho reports which have
been current relative to the approaching return of the
Kmperor to Carts. We understand that such a thing has
never been thought of. His Majesty 1s actively occupied
with the plans of the new campaign and the concentration
of the troops. In a few days the blanks in ail the regiments
will have been tilled up. I'rlnce Napoleon, whose
attention has been up to tho present time absorbed by
the organization of the Fifth corpi d'armee under his command,
is impatient to distinguish hlmeolf in the second
series of operations which aro about to commence.
THE NEXT BATTLE.
I HE LATEST HKW3 FBOJl TUS C AM PS?TBST Alt AT 10K $
I OR A DECISIVE BATTLE,
rpwll correspondence (June 20) of I/>nd<m Tlmia.']
* Wo arc In daily expectation of news of a battle on the I
Mlnclo?a groat bauie, which, If lost by tbe Austriaoe,
may hasten tbe solution of tbe question at issue and dissipate
the delusion that tbey can continue to hold I.imbsi*dy
aa before. Tbo famous fortresses will, wo are told,
not lone stand out against tbe rilled cannon; at least, suob
Is tbe opinion expressed by persons wbo, wore not tbelr
national feelings enlisted, would be very good authority
on inch a question. Should a battle, then, he lost by tbe
Austrians on tbe Mtncio, It is thought or hoped that
tbe neutral l'owera may try to bring about an
armistice with a view to an ulterior a-range
mrnt. There are various versions, or rather
conjectures, as to tbo naturo of this arrangement.
One is that Austria will be induced to abandon
her claim on l/OiMbardy, which will be annexed
to Hodmmit, and that Venice will bo declared a free city,
with a portion of territory as far as tbe limits of l/>mbardy.
In tbls manner tho north or Italy would bo
rescued from tho Austrian! from the Mediterranean to tho
Adriatic. There are various other plans spolr?n of, perhaps
with no greater foundation. Tne attention of everybody
la fixed on the exrected battle of the Mincio? the
Mlnclo, wbich la regarded as the Rubicon of the modern
Cu-sar. In the meantime some aneasiness prevails here
in consequence of the aceonnts received from Berlin that ,
tbe remainder of the Prussian army had been called into
active service. Advices from the same place of the
16th speak of the departure fixed for the next :
day from Farts of tbe PruMtan Minister at this
Court. M. PourtaloT late (movements have exoltod
a good deal of ourioaity, and given riae to a variety
of reports, such as bis naving left for tbs headquarters
of the Emperor of Austria, at another time for thoee of the
Emperor of the French. It ia now aald that he Is tha
bearer of a note to tbe French government on the serious
oonaeqneoces that might follow if the territory or the Confederation
were menaced. Whether this be the case or
not, the attitude of Prussia is giving cause fbr redaction
and anxiety, though she may do little In the way of action?not
more than Austria In the CYlmea. Tbe camp of
Chalons la reported as being on the point of breaking up,
and tbe troops being sent to Italy. The apprehensions
about Pruasla, however, may prevent this displacement.
Three of tho Paris Journals give long descriptions of the
well known square of fortresses belonging to Austria
beyond tbe Mlnclo, and Inquire In what manner the FrancoPleomonteee
troops will endeavor to oroas that river and
attack the Austrian troops on the other side. The Wmvert
(xpreeaee itself as follows on tbe point:?
What i* tbe Trench amir about to do? Will H attempt to
roes the MtoCtO In tbr p'e??n.-e of iSf.dOO Aua >n?? or will
l make an attack on Per.Mera, In order to oic.n i.u entrance
liit< tl> well known quadrangle ? The Important point at tht
!>rt?eut time Is to form an estimate of the strength 01 tbls large
iotjYDcfcpd catrp, tbe l*%t mlini of nutria* power. Aen?rut?
inform a'ton. drawn fra.ii in r<utlfl nourc^v UU
tbeequir* h*t l*e p An Pueblo* on* or k?
and wbtoh will pr<?i?My h? tbi 4?nt t? bi lb*
lrrt<cb troi'ii, iiiudip^Hl'y (ill. &? ** *>? ih*? p<?^e lilt
tie bands o the ill*nt their tf ?y ??ll posa^aa oue A he
Ol the n<ju<tre and cn.ruaa i the n<>'ir?e o> the \ftnnto hioif
tht" huw c+ to?Hr<i? virrM or IUlIiii 1i u ihwe^erb pew*
b-ldetnut if the a"f'ri%n army d' ?w aotn m* omJ u on iejaat
the fortune of arm* In of toe Hind* a deoulre ho?i#
will be foftKb' in the vert ce re of ?he ?<| nitre. Without
ktio*iui( the pUu? of toe Coaum *n ?v i-? bif>f iud ?i h
out Setup rvcu ? ekiitnl ttraiei(iii ao an vv pappose ?n*i toe
> uetrteee will he mul*< h: d oq tiOtreriil p"i .wi ai 'ou to * n -vet
oxprrtttioB. pow*wPinf *fta>6UHe ji?? .1 o doatr , V *, u ?a
lia wi) to veol'V! 2i) (I .t Uinta he the) *ilh traa
oa armed with tided o?nr>oo * * It 1? *tt<d t* %?onad the
- WkWi? ^ f Venice f?l i, ae ilia very pr n ttU H
i ? ? u xU*f * a,r)* d'amuoe li 'U*r 'b on the ultimo
ana tehv the hutirlatia in uerhtr, while the n tod *-uey *iUclii
them tn front There ere %)??? iu Tutvoy Frweeh
tn'"pi, tw t will ftt an ap jointed da? ^appear on a
point Lrttij therefor*. wait fr?r eveu a -be prfa?ut na5?J7?,
4 ** ti>fl a?rae aa was adopted hp
kadezvy In 1848, but w*tb tbl* difereuce that ueaerwl
fcctuck ai l now have a French argil la front of hiui
Tue following observation are from the (r>xz<sUc de
Franc 1?
Corn)Vring M?T*r CiacUyM bf the Atiies u<
the tmaiitoi) in ?bl?h ibe Auatrtana are nlaw<~OMaM4
Haihto are ly Ihf aibe* Oa the turn, uy Ue mm of rl:ro
iinpoleow advaucl' i; from u? * -'.h au J i,y ihr troops of
dli6U>l'?rkali".n vk f.i.-h u.r??.ii.! 1.) I?i aopmarbtne tivj* the
yb"-r? of Vent Us, It I) .'tOci ' to rte lev 'hat ttiegrrwt m't'tarr
qiiettjot 13 i to til' g v t ; a t wi tt-re'vo a'lluaj .>ao?nmrnt
A peranu ot note, who baa had toe oppo-tuoHr of aa?
log the Aoatrian priaparri who reoett'y dicothartoa at Mar.
aelllee, write* to ua that e?ru an '.o.dlud " tn-1' owa oH<iar%
with waom he caovor wt, ?ha contliot oaunal b*> of long duration
They admit that their wMlert, peooraily apeittug, ar?
etred wth anuiaunra untahlea arm at thoki^bt f Ih- /,>uaret
for Viiotna, tbe clnclpal of thorn, in bel w 'he ;>oltit? of aitees,
and 'he row ri8?<l artificer will re*ob the forttjcuionn Iroak
diataure wblca the Ure of ike olaoi caito.it a'talu If ?ur UvoraMe
riueotaUnoa ahoulc be re-.ux'-rt.. ?m?n. will ot U.ve the
lin e to ran; out ib? project aacrl iM to tarr of lc?\nUu< on to*
low lability of tne rtr?irgleal line of ill* en clo-a prctioatoM
which In our e> ta itipeere quite nnjustlfUbie
And, laftiy, the Siecle makes tho following remarks,
winch have tho me it of being more practical than tbess
of the other Journals :?
From PaeoMera to Mastua the course of the M'ncio la abowl
. lx b-eguea a* the cro ? diet; lo (bat Innlteil snace the duum
mn?t be foreed. To attempt Ihta operation there are oe Ufa
potr fa n*f orally Indicated b? tbelr petition in fact. the prtoclpal
ooedlUoit to acoue tbe rMoorV of aoy hrld*e tareira
over arivorlsto drive tbe enemy away from tin lupoetta
bank It U Dot difficult to Imagine that 1 a spoils loundlj use
courae of tbe rlvor where on tbe one hand, inn at earn tonne
an angle towarda the attack!* g party and. on Ue other, the
yrruud la high enough to command the bang oca loiea by IM
inemy, It would be a great advantage 11 attempt tbe pasaagw
at auoh a ootot, bceauae a plunging lire ouid then be ooooenLraied
on the enemy placed In the middle of a aciutolrole of betleiie>
now, tbe courae if tbe Mtncic preaenla toauarmy wl*laIng
to force lu passage from the Milan aide only two points
Rnuibieing tbeae attvartaget?at Mo:*uir>ano and Viba .yn
tbeae two points toe atreaio mat es an ribow, point' .g to t?e
west, and the ground on the right bans la cnual leraolv h'gpor
lb n on ihe o her. Tkea* two pom a were ihcipioi-e ch ieea In
tbe ware of Ibe Sevolutfou la l,fC and HII aadalailolhn
Bampalan 11 IblB, to force the passage of the filucio Hue
nvrr, the pnaeesalon of tw < for reaaea like Hec-tno a aud Saatua.
on ao abort a line, rendera Us defence easier, ( the ennui}
have their wings peri'e tiy supported and iSp debutes unBipeotedlv
lrora fi ner of thote fortresses Iloweve' biatirr
.I'uch'a oathat for au arn.y well commar ded toe paaiage it
.be StiiCl i la almoat a certiin'T I be a nalrlans could not orwrent
Bouao?rte Ir m c-oitalug it In 179S; n * Bruce In tauo,
ur.twiib tanning Ue sanguinary hettle fongbt by Ke.le<ar,ie;
nor the I'lcum ntrs- army In 'H-rs. wtfi-h lor. en tbe river at
three poll ta?atvroifo, Mezambano and Uo-gnruo the pontage
once tier led. the cooque-i. ra are lu the .outre of tbo quv
itatigle. and of tbe places which orm Ua four ornera? PosBtlcra,jitanlua,
Legnago unt Verotm.and beluga*, will htvn
moat probably to fight a pltihed battle to toroe Ue enotny
Sack.
[From the Liverpool Mercury of June 21.]
On Siliirday last tbe Empeior or Austria reviewed tbn
rth and Stli corps of hrn aruiy at the camp of L mtio. On
this occasiou (as a Vienna tciegraphi: oespatcn lo forms
us) be was most enthusiastically etiee ed by trie aoui-ws,
' the confidence of tbe tioops haying res '.tied tne highest
point." All this confidence they will require to carry
them through the terrlblcatrupgle which lies before tqem,
'or ttuyaro about to tight (if they have not already
'ought) a great and perhaps decisive buttle wiih the
Krcnch, tinder tbe commatld of tbe Kmpcror Napoleon
III., cm tbe very ground on which the Austrian army was
k) signally defeated by tbe French under Napoleon.I?then
General Bonaparte?in tho campaign of 171W It was at
Uniato tbst General Bonaparte defeated the Austrian army
inoer Marshal Wurmser, oa tuc 3d of August, 17U8;
tnd at tbe neighboring poeitloo of Castiglione that b?
gained a still more decisive victiry over the same army
.wo days later. After a lapse of sixty three years Us
French and Aostrisns again meet on tne same ground,
tgaln to fight for the dominion of Italy.
The position of the Austrian army on Saturday last (ssaordiDg
to Austrian and Sardinian accounts) extended
jrom I .on a to (on tba Rout hern bank of the Lane of UarMak
Ik Caatiglione, and furtuer buutu to Caste I (rOQrelo. This
is the fi out of s range of hills, or rather the edge of an ?plaud
plain, which separates the valley of the UQieae rrooa
the Lake of Garria and the river tftocio. The high ground
runs in a southeasterly direction from Oastigli >ne to
Volts, near the river Miucio. The heights or Oastlgllone
form the central and the strongest |>art or the
position, and there (if the Austrlana dually decide to
tight on this ground) the battle will prooably be decided.
All things considered, the austrians could not well bavw
cuosen a better Held of battle, tor it 1b tolerably stroog to
front and on both tlanks, and there is an easy retreat, to
cose of defeat, to the fortresa of I'eachlerSu surrounded by
numerous and powerful dekitcbed forts, fheso commeoos
at no greater distance than live or six miles in the rear of
the position which the Austriaus are add to havs
taken. If beaten, the Austriaus will retire under the
shelter of the guns of Pescbiera and its numeroui forts,
from which it will be no easy matter to dislodge the so.
Supposing Fesohtera to be taken by the French, there are
the still stronger fortresses of Mantua and Verona to ba
grappled witn, and between these fortresses has been
concentrated the whole military strength of the Austrian
empire, brought up by the Venetian and lira
Tyrolese railways. The latter of taeee railways was
opened only about three months ago, and it adds greatly
to the strength and security or the Austrian puttion. As
[or the French, If they fight In this posiiiou they must
conquer or bo destroyef, tor they nave no fortified position
nearer than Alessandria, and would be very unlikely
even to roach it if they were defeated on the Mtnclo.
The Austrlans, to guard against a possible attack ok
the Tyrol (which would endanger the Hue of communication
with Germiny), have occupied tne Steivio passim *
groat force, and with artillery, and have blown up the
only bridge which leads to It. This is called the Devil's
Bridge In the Swiss telegraphic despatch; bat is nut lbs
ceieuraiou linage oi Ui'ii name across tuo river K )Uhi,so
well known t] all traveller* by the 9t Goihard pats.
Tbo Archduke Cbarle* Louts, Governor of the Tyrol, ham
issued the following:?
A darlrg enemy la approaching onr frontier*, and threaten*
lo take our army m the rear. U p then! To arm*, valiant menl
In the name of the Kn-ptror, our august master. I call to yoa
unoe more to defend your home*, and in doing an you will defend
the House of Hi'.pib rg, which haa never reckoned oe
yon in vain With (Jod's alu, lei u* rise for me nimperor ami
our country. CIlaaLhS LuUiS.
Boiz&.n, June 10,1889.
[From Galignani's Messenger, June 22.]
I/inalo, Casiiguono and Caaiol GvU'reco, whicu the Austrian
troops occupy at present, are situated in an almost
perpendicular line running from notth to aoutn on the rignt
lianlc of the Chicaa. The distance from Lonato to Uastel
Goflrcdo la about twelve miles, and the Emperor of Austria
parsed a review of tbo d. venth and F.igbth c irps at
the former place on the 18th, the very day that the Emperor
Napoleon entered Brescia. At Looato the rigatof
the Austrian* is supported on the northwestern extremity
rif the Lake of Guarda, while their left extend* along Ida
Oitone, a little river, which rteoa in the hill* near Casughone
and falls into the Mincio above Mantua. Lonato la on
the road from Brescia to I'eamiora, at about 15 miio* from
ibe former place and ten from the latter. Tnu two armiea
are consequently within a short distance from eaub otaor,
and uDlee* the Emperor of Austria came to Looato to command
the retreat of his troop* ut the other side of to*
Ulncio, a battle seem* probable, particularly a* the hoa*
tile armiea are separated only by ten or a dozen mile*.
THE CASUALTIES AT MAGENTA.
Tho 1'ariB Moniteur recapitulates the Frenctt loss at
Magenta, namely:?323 lulled, 2,165 wound id, and 479
missing. The French toss at Malognano was 151 lulled,
725 wounded, and 64 missing.
An Austrian otllcial accouut has been publishod of the
losses of the Ausirians at the battle of Magenta:?63 otllcera
and 1,802 soldiers killed, 218 officers and 4,130 soldiors
wounded; 4,000 soldiers missing.
THE BATTLE OP MALEGNANO.
The Emperor Napoloon has received the following report
from Marshal Baraguay d'Hilllers of the combat of
Malegnsno:?
Malkuuho, Jane 10,1859.
Sirs?Your Majesty ordered mo yostorday to proceed
with the first corps on the road to hod I, to drtre tne enemy
from San Jullano and Malognano, Informing me that
for this operation you would unite to my oorps tno second
corps, commanded by Marshal McMahon. 1 Immediately
went to San Donato to oome to an understanding with the
murbiiai, ana it was ogreea uoiwwju us be would attack
San Juliano with hla flrstdlvlalon. *nd that after bar*
lng driven the enemy fro? "? "e *i?uld march on Carplar.cllo,
to pats the I/imbrt^ end tlen projeed to Modcglia.
ThdlCcoOd division Wag a? San Martloo, to take the road
which, by Frlvulio Casanova, led to Beltoia, and then
proceed on the left of Medoglia, eo aa to turn the position
of Malegnano. It was alto agreed that 'ho 1st corps should
march In a body on the road to Aalegnano, and when at
place called Botelma should detach tne lat division, which
paaaing by Cor 1sto Vtvoldone, should reach Mezzano, and
there cstabllah a battery of twelve guns, In order first to {
batter I'odrlano, and afterwards the cemetery of Maleg- 1
dado, where the enemy had entrenched themselves and
established atrong batter leg; that the second division of
the first corps, after leaving San Juliano, should advance
on San Brera, and there also ostabllsh a battery of twelve
guns to play on the cemetery, and onfl tie the road from
Malegnano to ledi, and lastly thst the Mitt d division of the
same corps should march direct on Malegnano, and carry
ibo town, with the first and second divisions, so soon af
tho flro or the artillery should have caused disorder. The
first division, leaving Malegnano on Its left, was ordered ,
to march on Cerro, and tho second and third on S >rdk>,
where thoy were to join tbo second corps which bad advanced
by Drcsano and C'asalmajocoo. In order that these
combinations should be attended with full success,
It was necessary to have full time for them, and as
four Majesty ordered me to act on tbo very day
of my departure from 8an Pietro d'Olma, my task
was rendered more difficult, for the head of the third
Itvialon of the first corps could not enter Into line nntll
half past three, In consequence of one road being blocked
jp by tho convoys of the Second and Fourth corps.
Nevertheless, at half past two I gavo orders to Marshal
McMabon to march on dan Juliano. He found none or the
inemy there, and then passed the Lombro by a ford, although
a bridge was indicated on tho map, and continued
Us movement on Medeglla. At half-past five tho Third
11 vision of the First oorps arrived within about 1,200 yards
>f Malegnano, which was oocupted by tho enemy, who bad
Mlted a barricade across tbe road, about MX) yards front
.be town and had established batteries on an emtnenoe as
ilgb as the first bousas. I ordered General Bnzalne to arvinge
bia division for the attack; and a battalion of
fouaves was sent In advance and on tho flank* as sklr- <
nlshers. The enemy received us with a cannonade which * *
night have beoome dangerous, as their shot swept tbe
oad by wblob we wora to advance In column.
>ur artillery answered with great etfbct the flro of the
tuttrlans; and General Forge,ot, with two batteries and tho
Women of the First division, supported on our right the
.Hack wo were about to make. T ordered the Second batalian
of the Zouaves to lay down their knapsacks, and
ollowod by the whole of tbo First brigade to charge the