rp tt '
WEOU- NO. 8351.
ARRIVAL OF THE INDIAN.
TWO DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE
Investment of Peschiera and.
Verona by the Allies
BBPOETAJT SEWS FROM GEBIA1Y.
THE PEACE PROPOSITIONS OF PRUSSIA
Prussia to March Her Armies to the
?M<1 4l?A Ptmn^Avn AF CMIamai
niuiic <uiu uic x ivuuoio vi oucaio*
Prince Napoleon Arrived at the
Scene of Action.
Debate in the British Parliament oil the
Neutrality Question.
STATU OF THE MARKETS,
&C., Ac., Ac*
The steamship Indian from Liverpool at abont
noon of the 6th instant, passed Farther Point at 3
P. M. yesterday, and will be due at Quebec at 5 A*
11* of Monday.
The steamship North Briton from Quebec arrived
at Liverpool at 11 P. M. of the 6th inst.
The steamer City of Washington was to leave
Liverpool, and the Ariel to leave Southampton for
New York, on the afternoon of the 6th.
THE WAR IN EUROPE.
DESPATCHES FROM THE SEAT OF WAR.
The following despatches show the course of
events:?
A private despatch from the French headquarters,
dated the 3d instant, says:?This morning, at
seven o clock the Emperor quitted Volta in order
to cross the Mlncio and establish his headquarters
at Vallegio.
We are only four leagues from Pcsohiera, the
siege of which was begun two days ago by the
Sardinians. Cannon were heard night and day in
that direction.
The Austrian advanced post is but a short dis~
tince from Villafranca, which is occupied by the
corps of Marshal Niel.
It is much doubted that the Austrian army will
venture to accept a battle in the condition of de"
moralization and stupor into which they have
fallen since our victory at Salferino.
official.
Vallegio, July 4,1859.
The French army, increased by Prince Napoleon's
corps, will operate against Verona whilst
port of the Sardinians begin the siege of Pesckiera.
The Emperor having sent back the wounded officers
without exchange, and having requested an
exchange of prisoners, an Austrian has arrived with
the announcement that the Emperor of Austria will
also send back without exchange the wounded pri
stners of the Allies, and that his Majesty is equally
desirous for the exchange of others.
official.
Turin, July 1,1859.
VJI1 Uie x jua Ull. tile oaruiuiuus muiu ciusrcijr mvested
the exterior fortifications of Peschiera,
situated on the right bank of the Mincio. Oar
army crossed the river on the 30th to invest Peschiera
also on the left bank.
Berne, July 5,1859.
The Austrians have withdrawn from Bormio.
The Piedmontese are advancing towards the
Btelvio Pass.
Fiume, July 4,1859.
It is asserted that French troops, amounting to
ten thousand men, have disembarked, at Lossino
Piccolo, an island in the Adriatic, and that the
bridge to Cherso, an adjacent island, had been destroyed.
A report was current at Castiglione that the
Anstrians had entered into Yerona.
The London Herald's Turin correspondent says
that twenty thousand heds had been ordered
down from Milan to Brescia, and ten thousand
from Turin.
There were great complaints of the scarcity of
provisions in the villages occupied by the Allies.
TIIE POSITION OF GERMANY.
I On the 4th inst. there was an extraordinary sit'
ting of the Federal Diet at Frankfort, when Prussia
presented new and further proposals respecting the
establishment, extension and command of the
corps of observation on the Rhine. Immediately
after the sitting M. de Usedon left for Berlin.
Prussia, it is said, has given tranquilizing assur!
ances to the French government.
A Berlin corespondent of the London Times
Bays that the Prussian proposals were in the hands
of Russia and England. The writer says that by
the end of the week the Prussian army will be in
full march. Two corps (TarrrUe will be stationed
on the Silesian frontier in case of an unexpected
attack on the part of Russia. On the lower and middle
Rhine 140,000 Prussians will be stationed, when
these preparations are completed Prussia will probably
make her proposals to France, and these will
unquestionably be refused. The same correspondent
gives an outline of the propositions which include
the erection of Venice into a separate king
dow, with the Archduke Maximillian as King.
| THE PAPAL STATES.
An inquiry into the late disturbances at Perugia
bad been ordered.
The official condemnation by the French government
of the articlo which appeared in the Paris
tiicclc affirms that respect for the papacy form
part of the programme which the Emperor is carrying
out in Italy. The responsibility of tlio con
flict at Perugia is cast upon those who compelled
the pontifical government to make use of armed
force for legitimate defence.
The Moniteur do Bologna publishes a letter of
Count Cavour addressed to the junta of Bologna,
raying that the government of the King cannot accept
the union of the ltomngna with Piedmont, but
will direct the Roman forces to concur for the purpose
of obtaining Italinn independence.
GREAT BRITAIN.
In Ore House of Lords on the 1th, a motion for a
select committee to inquire into tho operation of
the church rates system was agreed to. In the
House of Commons, tho same evening, Mr.
Griffiths inquired whether the British ConBui
at Rio do .Janeiro had exercised anything to
prevent a certain contract for tho sale of slurcs in
B1a7.il by a British mining company from being
carried into ell'cct. Lord John Russell said that
the company had boon informed that they would
lie liable to penalty if slaves wcro sold. Mr. Gladstone
announced that tho liuan<;ial statement would
EN E"
be submitted as *' ^ ^ estimates were prepared.
Lord L jt was intended daring
the present jCB8jon ^ bring in a bill to carry ou
the reco emendations of the Commissioners for
inann' ..
t jig the navy.
?x>rd Palmerston repeated his statement, that no
reform measure could be introduced at present.
On the 5th in the LordB, Lord Htratford de Radclifle
gave notice of a resolution approving the
neutral attitude assumed by the government, relying
on the continuance of that policy, but at the
same time adopting measures for the completion of
the national defences.
Lord Lyndhurst strongly advocated vigorous
measures of defence both on sea and land. He
thought that a regular military force of one hundred
thousand men ought to be maintained, and an
equal force of disembodied trained militia. He regarded
the assertion, that France had no wish to
invade England, as undeserving of consideration.
England ouirht to live in perfect independence of
French forbearance, relying alone upon the vigor
of her people.
Ix>rd Granville deprecated the introduction of a
subject of bo delicate a nature. lie thought lx>rd
I.yndhurst's remarks were calculated to annoy and
irritate the French. Be spoke, however, as did
other members in favor of strengthening military
and naval defences.
In the Commons, the Chancellor of the Exchequer,
in answer to Mr. Baxter, said the attention
of the government had been called to the contract
to carry the mails between Galway and the United
States; but had not yet considered whether it
would be to the interest of the public that the
said contract should, under certain conditions, be
cancelled. He intended, however, to move for a
select committee to inquire into the whole system
of contracts.
The Fourth of July was celebrated In London by
a banquet at St James Hall?Gen. B. B. Campbell,
United States Consul at London, presided. Among
the guests were Messrs. Dallas. John Bright, M. P.,
Cyrus W. Field, and others. The usual toasts were
given and responded to with much enthusiasm,
Mr. Dallas in a speech compared the present
position of Italy to that of the United States
in JL776, in its wish for independence, and
without entering into the merits of the war,
expressed a warm sympathy with the spirit of
national independence, let it exist where it it
may, and concluded by proposing a sentiment
to that effect. The Chairman in proposing a toast
of non-intervention, the true policy of a free government,
coupled with it in eulogistio terms the
name of Mr. Bright That gentleman responded
in a characteristic speech, in which he gave his
strong assent to the toast, and reiterated his admiration
for American principles.
Sundry other speeches were made and all passed
off well.
Charles Villiers has been appointed President of
the Poor Law Board, with a seat in the Cabinet,
vifft Milnor Oilmnn trhn aiwarttArl thn nnut rlonlinn/1
by Mr. Cobden.
The London Advertiser gave currency to a rumor
that Mr. Cobden is likely to be oflered the
Governor Generalship of Canada.
It is stated that Mr. Disraeli was oflered a baronetcy
on his retirement from office; he declined it
Mr. Hure, British Consul at New Orleans, sued
for and obtained a divorce from his wife in London.
A deputatioin from the Atlantic steamship Company
(Galway line) had waited on the Chancellor
of the Exchequer to urge sundry improvements at
Galway harbor.
It was announced that the Atlantic Telegraph
Company obtain the co-operation of Robert Stephenson,
Professors Wheatstone and Thompson,
who, with Mr. Varley, consulting electrician of the
company, and other scientific individuals, will
form a committee to investigate and advise as to
tho construction of the next cable.
Mr. Saward, Secretary of the Atlantic Telegraph
Company, publishes letters contradictory of the
absurd rumor that the cable had never been in
practical operation. He shows that there were
actually transmitted a total of three hundred and
sixty-six messages, or thirty-nine hundred and
forty words.
FRANCE.
It is again currently reported in well informed
quarters that that the Emperor intended to return
to Taris in July.
The vintage is expected to be superior quality,
but not abundant.
The harvest in Algeria was completed, and the
crops excellent.
Flour was dull and nominal in Paris. Wheat
had declined fifty cents on the week.
The corps d'armle of Pelissier to observe the
frontiers of the Rhine was to be completed and established
in cantonments by the 13th of July, it
consists of 160,000 infantry, 12,000 cavalry and 400
cannon.
The Bourse was buoyant, and the three per cents
had advanced.
AUSTRIA.
The London Times Vienna correspondent says
there was something Unusual going on between
France, Russia and Turkey.
frAin Dnooto THa U7a ? rAAllnrr
miva vciui^ i vui uuooiu uv nw *
In Germany?The (Loyalty of the PopeAffairs
in Turkey?Trade in France,
AC., Ac., AO.
INTENTIONS OF RUSSIA.
Tim CZAR'S OPINIONS ON NATIONAL LIBERATION,
[from the Invalids Russe (organ of the Russian War
Office), June 24.]
We suppose that a Congress will ultimately have to doeide
upon the (ate of Italy, In which the voloe of all parties
concerned will be duly heard; and we think that the
adoption of such a plan Is required to keep up the balance
of nower In Kurone. and the riehta of all States united bv
the invisible but nevertheless existing bonds of trestles.
In the political system of Europe no important charges
can be brought about without tho sanction of the great
Powers. The voices oT eight millions of Irishmen
would sot be sufficient to secure Independence fbr their
country; the complaints of the tea millions or Chris
tians under the Turkish yoke will never be able to effect
the destruction of the Ottoman Empire; nor will tho
Ctechlans, Hungarians and Poles be ever a lowed to obtain
national independence without the consent of the reigning
Powers. Any attempt to decerns with this necessary semt
iton would prone useless. In 1848 the reconstruction of
(iermany had alroady led to the institution or a sort of
Vice Emperor, when the disapproval of the Powers put a
stop to the progress of the movement for unity. We
advise the Italians to remember these facts, which, indeed,
have Iren hinted at in the proclamations both of the Emperor
Xajolron and Victor Emanuel. These allied uovoroigns,
we are certain, do not base their claims on the fact only
of victories won, but wait fbr the consent of Europe to
sanction the acquisition of either territory or rights. It
is, therefore, desirable that a Congress should be called
together as toon as possible.
RUSSIAN OriNION OF AUSTRIA'8 ro8ITTON? STRENGTH
OF THK WILT, OF TUB PHOPLB.
[Prom tho Invalids Russe, June 24.1
Every SUtic in Europe is desirous cf peace, but each In
its owu way?that is to say, on conditions which appear
to it to be must advantageous. Austria is not yet reduced
to the desperate position in which she found herseir after
CampoFormlo. Marengo, Austerlltz and Wagram, when
tho was compelled to consent to anything that might be
demanded. She lias as yet only lost one groat battle?
that of Magenta?during which she up to tho last moment
had hoped to gain the advantogo. Sho Is still master of
the strategic part of Lombardy. and has an army of moro
thau 200,000 men. It will be, tlieroforo, painful for her to
give up what sho has oovetod linos the time of tho
Uuelnhs and tho Uhobelines, to yield her promisod land?
tho tortile soil of Italy. And to give It up to whom ? To
the petty King of Sardinia, whom she would not
even recognise in tho troatles of Vionns, and to whom,
thanks to the entreaties of the Emperor Alexandor, tho
gave a putty State, but naturally with a view to make of
it an eternal enemy of Franco and a vassal of the policy
of the Cabinet of Vienna, ufler the example of tho sovorelgns
of Tuscany, Modena, Parma, Rome and Naplos. I
Tho idea of cuon a concession is deeply revolting to ,
Austria, but it W nevertheless what is required by her '
WTO
MORNING EDITION?MOf
opponents. T)m hatred ?f Kalians lor the Tsdseohi la of
long Handing and deep rooted. Aastrta, during UM last I
fortyflve yearn haa known how to carry thin feeling to
lta highest pitch. She haa bean obliged to re preen revolutionary
atlemptn by force, and to Bend the oonapiratora
to Spielberg and to the carcere duro. But thane men
then became the martyrs of liberty, and the Austrlann
remained the name oppressors and the name
maladttH TWfrrcAt. The year 1848 definitely rained the
sflairs of Austria in that eoontry. Even supporting that
Aualrla should now conquer Victor Emanuel, drive the
French beyond the Alpe, end take from Sardinia al her
fortresses, the constitutional idea that has started up cannot
be pot dawn by the foroe of arms, and that idea will
develope iiaelf more and more, even to the very heart of
Austria. The Hungarians, the Italians, and the Slavonians
now understand the word " nationalityand are
Indignant at serving under the Austrian eagle. Three
hundred Hungarians have left Turkey, and Kossuth has
caused about the same number to start from I/rodon.
What have they in contemplation v We tremble for Aua
trie, in spite of her strength. II days of fresh trials
should come for her, to whom can she apply for assistance
r Every one is discontented with her double faced
policy, which injures one without aiding others. She bss
now neither friends nor defenders.
ACTIVE MILITARY MOVBMKNTH IN RUSSIA.
[Paris (July 2) correspondsnoe of I/mdoa Times ]
A letter has been received from St. Petersburg dated
the 28d of June, which announces that the first three
corps of the First army, under the orders of Prince Gortschskoff,
have been placed on the war rooting. Tbeae
corps are at present quartered in the governments of
Novgorod, Pokuir, and Wilna. The fifth corps of the
Second army, at present in Bessarabia, has likewise been
placed on a war fooling. The general stair of the latter
corns is st Odessa, under the orders of General Boesk.
wbo is actively engaged id organizing It for active aervloe. 1
The Invalids Russc of the same date publishee an order of ]
the day, signed by the Minister of War, by which supe- 1
rior oQlcers and others on unlimited leave of ebseooe are 1
ordered to join their regiments. The Kmperor has more- 1
over decreed that he permits officers on half pay, who 1
bad not served in the Crimean war, to resume active sor- 1
vice among the troops now placed on the war Luting. I
The Emperor has approved the new law of oonscrlption 1
for the kingdom of Poland. Henceforth recruits are to 1
be raised in Poland in the same way as In Russia. A levy '
of recruits Is shortly expected. j
THE WAR FEELING IN GERMANY.
[Berlin (July 1) correspondence of London Times.] '
The political atmosphere throughout Germany Is
charged with clouds, and a storm Is impending. It will l
probably hurst ere long. The war, hitherto localised, <
will assume very different proportions, and the Rhine may i
witness battles fierce and bloody as tnat lately waged on I
the banks of the Mlncio. Prussia is one vast camp. The i
clash and din of arms resound on every side, and from |
the frontiers of BUeelia to the boundary of the Rhine there i
la one "dreadful note of preparation." I propose to consider
the circumstance# which have produced this result, i
at a time when no German Interest is Immediately threatened,
and when no excitement prevails, or ever did pre- '
vail, throughout the greatest part or Northern Germany. 1
The Prussian people have no sympathy with the cause I
of Austria In Italy. They red that her triumph there 1
would lead to reaction at home, whereby their hope%oi i
Srogress towards constitutional government would bede- i
lyed, if not defeated. At the same time, they detect I
France and French policy; not a German who has not
heard from earliest infancy of the exactions at Hamburg t
and the seek of Lubeck. of the attroslttes of Davoust, and I
the innumerable miseries entailed by the defeat of Jena. <
They have too long suffered from the influence exercised
by Russia over their royal family, and It la to Eogland I
they look for help and guidance, for counsel and sup- <
port. (As I write these words, and ss though my I
thoughts had found an echo, a battery of artillery
is passing under my window, Its superb band playing
"Rule Britannia.") When, therefore, England pro- ]
nonnced for an absolute neutrality so long as the war
was confined to Italy, the liberal party throughout
Prussia re-echoed the cry with singular unanimity. They ,
felt that by assuming this attitude the moral, and probably
the material support of England?nay, even of Rus- .
sis?would be secured If German interests were threat- !
ened. Tbcy knew that were the Rhenish frontier to be j
endangered Germany would rise as oue man, and they
were content to bide their time, trusting in case of attack
to their proved courage anu ibe goolneis of tbelr cause.
Such was the attitude of Prussia at the commencement '
of the war. A loan of upwards of ?4,000,000 was voted
by the Chambers, and the loan was not only voted, but
soon after Its announcement every farthing was taken In
the country. The government was thus prepared for all
eventualities. It oould depend on the hearty concurrence
of the people In case Louis Napoleon proved false to his
oft repeated promises, and It had but to give the signal
and the whole nation would fly to arms in defense of the
German caute.
In Southern Germany a different feeKng existed. The
smaller courts?the humble vassals of Austria?endeavored
to provoke a factitious excitement, and they succeeded
fbr a time. But it was all beer and tobacco, froth
and smoke; line speech is about fatherland and marshes
to Paris?on paper. Bavaria was at the bead of these
martial demonstrations, and their value has been tested
by an appeal to the pocket?that government proposed a
loan of $4,0Ce,0C0,andof this small sum but $300,000
have been subscribed. The loan was a complete failure,
the excitement has died away and left scarcely a vestige
remaininghome
months since the Archduke Albert of Austria
arrived at this court, with the object of concluding
an alllanoe offensive and defensive between Austria
aad Prussia, be failed In bis mission, but General
WllHsen was sent to Vienna with a view of making
arrangements between the two Powers. Meanwhile
Saxony and Hanover?were l&ceasant In their endeavors |
to prevail on this government to take an active part in (
the struggle, and to interfere for the protection for Aug- (
tria. Appeals were made to friendship and to nationality, ,
to passion and to interest. The Prince Itegent, however, ,
remained firm until the unexpected news of the battle of
Magenta arrived at Berlin. This event produced an enormous
sensation, and the court party at once proposed to
call out the Landwehr, and give an armed support to "
proposals for peace before Austria was too much weakened
In the struggle. The mobilization of the Prussian
army was, however, too graye a step to be taken without
ample consideration, and the question was postponed
for a few days. Meanwhile Austria categorically
questioned General Wlllisen as to the intentions of
his government. The Squtbern courts became more
pressing In their demands. Prince Gortschakoff's
note arrived, and was considered in the light of a
menace; and, lastly, the Derby administration, which
throughout Germany was accepted as the supporter of
Austria, fell under the combined attacks of the liberal
party. Then it was that Prussia?anxious to prevent the
"shield of Germany" from being further tarnished, wea
ried of the importunities of the minor Powers of the Confederation,
desirous of answering the implied menace of
Russia, and determined on action beiore the Palraerston
government had time for rcmonstranoe?throw down tho
glove and issued the order for mobilizing six carps d'armee.
No new danger threatened?no popular excitement prevailed;
the act was that of the government, and of the
government alone, the people being powerless in the
matter. It is this act, this order for mobilization, which
has placed Prussia in a false position, one from which a
peaceable issue is most difficult and improbable. In order
fully to understand this, it is necessary to consider the
military system and organization of this kingdom.
FHFNCTT OFFTPTAT, rONTT?ADTPTTflV OF
GERMAN WAR NEWS.
[From tbo Paris Monlteur, July 2.]
The Augtl/urg Gazette of the 24th of June thinks proper
to reply by Insulting remarks to tbe comparison which
we made In our number of tbe 2lBt, between tbe information
given in a Journal or report found after the victory
of Magenta at tbo Austrian headquarters at Abbiate
Graseo, and tbe assertions of tbe Gazette on tbe subject
of tbe combat at Palestro. We shall not notice either
tbe first part of tbe reply given by tbe German journal,
or the manner in which it makes It; but will conllnc
ourselves to observing?1. That our comparison had no
reterence to the figures of the Official GazeUe of
Vienna, which we were not then acquainted
with; 2. That tbe Avgtburg Gazette contradicts itself,
iince it quotes four Austrian brigades as having taken
part In tbe all'air, whilst it at first only pointed out two.
8. That before insinuating that tbe journal or report of M.
de Kedern is an invention, it should have called to mind
that in its number of the lltb it itBolf pointed out that suEerior
officer, by announcing bis arrival on the 2d at tno
eadquarters or Lomoilo, However great may be tbe
partialitv of a serious journal like the Aug.Jnirg Gazette, it
is its duty to be moderate in Its language, and it has no
right to impugn the veracity of others, after bavlng, on
tbe 8th of June, published the following lines:?
"The Austrian army remained master of tbe field of battle
and repulsed the enemy. * * * After
a very sanguinary combat the Austrians, thanks to the arrival
of tbo corps of Clam Gallas on tbe field, gained the
victory. The French army was driven back to tbo other
side of tbe Ticlno."
This quotation is sufficient to show to which account reasonable
men ought to attach credit
THE ROYALTY OF THE POPE.
ftranslated from tbe Paris Pavs. June 29. lor the Nsw !
York Hkkau>. ]
Since some time each strange thing* ere circulated and
published about the sovereignty of the Holy See, that we
have thought it convenient and useful to group on that
subject some considerations drawn from the closest facte.
Thoso who discuss the advantages or Inoonsentences of
the temporal authority or tho I'ope forget but one thing?
that is that that authority is not and cannot be quoetloned.
The States of the Church aro among the oldest or
Enrope, independently of the fact and tradition
tboy repose on treaties, serving as tho basis of
the order in Europe: and it is no more reasonable or possible
to d'spute the l'ope's rights as a sovereign than
those of the Queen of England, the King of Prussia, or the
Emperor of Russia.
In fact, the Pope is a sovereign just as any other; and
If there Is question to pot an end to the Austrian dominions
in Italy, to flrco tho Italians of the oppression of a
foreign nation, the exlstenoe or tho prerogatives of the
States of the Church, which are entirely foreign to the
causes of the present war, are not at all questioned.
And what Is more; not only wo are not going to pat in
question the temporal authority of the Pope, but we aro
golDg to render to him hts independence and free it from
the pr< s?nro and rompromiseion of Austria.
Why, in 184# did France, together with tne groat Powers,
demand of Austria to deaiat from tho exaggerated and
usurped induenoc that she imposed on tho Italian aoveretgne.
which alienated public opinion, fomented discontent
and baited, and perpetuated there the spirit of rovu
iution and conspiracy?
lie cause Franco had a palitical Interest of tho first
order, that the Italian States, possessed again of their
national Instincts, should bo in a posit-on to realise all tho
Improvements ablch calm the agitation of the nation
when giving them ?llh reasonable satisfaction a serious
interest to labor, to conservation and to y cace. ]
RK H
J DAY, JULY 18, 1859.
Why, in 1869, did France send * powerful army into A
Italy f
Became Austria, far Irom renouncing Ute exorbitant, a
unjust and Illegal dominion thai Bhe baa assumed upon e
ome Italian States, pretended even to submit Piedmont o
tee IT to It. In fact, apon the refusal of King Victor Emanuel,
our ally, to obey tbe politics and Injunctions of Austria,
tbe Austrian army crossed tbe tlclno
Emperor Napoleon baa had but one thought about Italy ;
that of rendering their full and entire Independence to tbe
ovsrclgn States which compose it, make war upon tbe
tuatrtan oppressors and sggreseors, and consolidate tbe
hrones by rendering poes ble all tbe practical and senslnle
improvements which governments always owe to
ifclioos.
Finally, to gtve national Independenoe to Italy, and not
preconceived governments: that la the motive that baa
[ulded France, and will guide her till the end of the prelect
war.
Austria, having attacked Piedmont, our ally, has by that
?le fact attacked us. Tbe possessions of Austria In
Italy depend therefore upon the fortune of arms. If we
uo victorious in that straggle, which has been lmpoeed
jpon us, tbe good sense, tbe rights of nations, and tbe
:oustant practice of nations at war, permit that tbe AnaIrian
possessions In Italy be forever taken from the Bouse
tf Hspsburg; but the Emperor of Aoatrta alone te our
tnemy in Italy, and, consequently, his possessions alone
ire thereby suomltted to tne hazard of battlea.
Tbe Bta es or the Pope, as the States of tbe King o
Naples, arc entirely outside of the question of dispoMoslion,
which hae arisen by the aggression of Austria and
will be decided by tbe Issue cf the war.
Tbe duchies are neither directly nor formally en
laagered in the quotation of dlsposseealoa. It is un
loubledly to be regretted that tbe sovereigns of Tuscany,
Uodena and Parma have not placed tbe question of napenality
before all otners Our opinion is, that before all
ihtngs, and at all hazards, bis country should be the
IrSt interest of a unverelan Br ahaiuinntnar their
people, and thug disavowing the national cause, those
(overeigns have then created great difficulties
lo their restoration to power, for the love
tnd confidence of the subject is the most subetantial sopport
of the crown; but Franoe has never had In view to
lisposcss any one in Italy except the Austrian oppression,
tnd with it the spirit of hatred and revolution. The questions
if Tuscany, Modena and Tar ma are therefore completely
reserved; Europe will decide them. The military dicta
.orship, which it was necessary to accept in the Interest
if public order is an essentially conservative and conservatory
measure.
Thus we do not know of anything more revolutionary,
more anti French and more Austrian than to produoe uneasiness
in the public mind about so sacred and respectable
a thing as the maintenance of the sovereignty of
he Pope, surrounded by all the practicable and sensible
mprovements of the Holy Father's heart, so eminently
food and liberal, which he has never refused to concede
tnd is always resdy to grant.
What arguments doee Austria have recourse to when
the tries to stir up Europe against us?
She pretends that France wants to rule Europe, that she
wants to dispose of the crowns and change the map of
Europe. Those who discuss the existence of the Pontllioal
States, which are not at stake at all, and
who think that their extstenoe and independence
may depend upon the Interference of Franoe,
make themselves the allies of Austria, for they
rapport the accusations which she puts in circulation.
if it was in the i*>wer of France to dethrone the Pope
there would be no reason to stop, and we would be the
matters to remodel the world according to the pattern of
tnir fency.
It is with such an incensed policy that the coalitions are
rebuilt; therefore is it not liberal, but strongly anarchical,
for it Imposes itself to the nations and governments,
Instead of respecting them, to be respected by them. It
was the policy of the Girondists and the Conventionale,
who coalesced all Europe against us; it will never he the
policy of the empire.
THE MASSACRE AT PERUGIA,
The Paris Steele thus writes sf this atrocious episode of
Papal butchery
There was onoe a'child growing up happy, smiling at
lis mother, and sheltered under the inviolable protection
ifhls parenta' love. One day the rep-esentatlve or a
Power which pretends to derive Its origin from God. to
make every head and heart bow down before it. and to
let at nought the holiest instincts of humanity, invaded 1
the maternal home, and the child was carried otr It has
been detained In spite of the almost unanimous protests of
mankind. This proceeding is known as the Mortara affair.
Alter Mortara, now comes Perugia. We all know the
Pontifical power ; history tells us what it has done. It is
not like any other Powr, liable to be carried away by
passion. It has its reasons tor all it docg. and the reasons
of the scenes at Perugia are easily undentool. The eman
ujmijuii vi liM j was pruceeuiDg lO'J rajjiuiy it wu nocescary
to check it by some clever stroke, end to compro
mise, ,if possible, the Italian cause with itself. That is
why the Swiss were sent to Perugia. That place, treated
by the Pontifical troops just as vercelll was treated by the
Austrians, Is neither more nor less than a plot directed
against France and Piedmont Every one will understand,
without any explanation, the object of the prefect,
which is Intended to separate Italy Into two portions, one
emancipated by France, the other maintained in opprea
sion. The French and Pledmonteae government* will find
aome means, we have no doubt, of counteracting this
VHIIOUB ulu alb octane luuw.ov, Wnicn, u KuCCehuut,
wonld have tbe effect of creating doubt and uncertainty
in Italian mind* and hearts, and of arresting, IT possible,
their enthusiastic movement. Meanwhile, we aak all those
who atill cling to the religion of their fathers, ought not
a single protest of all Christendom to be made against the
massacres at Perugia? What will become of Catholicism,
if those who are charged to represent it drag the Pontifical
power from crime to crime'( Whole nations have
separated from Rome for much less. As Italian sovereigns,
history will draw a parallel between the conduct
of the Pope and of the King of Piedmont, fbe successor
of Leo X. ougbt to be at tbe head of the holy crusade for
be emancipation of his country. Every one has his own
esponsibilities.
NEWS FROM TURKEY,
ran insurrkctionfry movement subsiding?Russian
intrigues for cabinet changes?neutrality
of the sultan in the war?a newspaper
attack on napoleon and hi8 diplomatic
anoer?the suez and aden telegraph cable
BROKEN.
[Constantinople (June 22) correspondence of London
Timee ]
The lone expected Insurrection in the provinces, which
appeared to have actually commenced some time since,
has disappointed those who have labored to bring it
about. Up to the date of the latest Intelligence, in lieu
or spreading, the disturbances in Servia and Montenegro
bad assumed a far less formidable aspect, and present
appearances are such as to justify the opinion that no *
widespread combination of its subjects against the autbo
rity of the Sublime Porte can be effected without the promise
of material support from without. That support
nether France nor Kuaaia find it to their present interest
to give, and so far?financial considerations apart?the
present state of the Continent has wrought but little ill
to Turkey.
The presence of the Grand Duke Constantlne in this capital
was the occasion of an intrigue, the object of which
was to supplant Aali Pasha, the present Grand Vizier, and
one or two others of the more prominent members ef his
administration. What passed between the Sultan and
theRuasi.nPrinceldonot pretend to know; but of one
fact you may rest assured, vis : that had Russian inclinations
been alone oonsulted some undesirable changes
would have occnrred. It is true that it may have been
deemod inexpedient to make those changoB during the
Grand Duke's stay hero, and thai the danger is not
wholly past The Grand Vizier is not remarkably English
in his sympathies, neither does he, like tho late
Redschid Pasha, rely solely on English Influence
for his maintenance In office; but It is admitted
on all hands that It would not be oasy
to find a successor at onoe,equaily enlightened, equally
sincere is bis desire for an Improved administration, and
as far above all suspicion of dishonesty. Moreover, the
days are, it ia to be hoped, for ever gone by when tho
foremost object of each ambassador was to pull doara the
Vizier which another bad set up, simply because by that
other he bad been set up. I hope, therefore, and I hare
some reason to believe, that any such changes as those
alluded to would be opposed by all the influence her Majesty
's representative here can bring to bear.
The Journal de C >stanttnopU, one of the two papers in
French published in this place, has been purchased by the
Turkish f government. In that paper of to-day's date ap
pesrs a second arxrtUsement to the Levant Herald; but, inasmuch
as the latter journal has been published without the
avertissiment at the head of its first column,I presumo the
unwelcome communication from the Minister for Foreign
Aflkirsbas been at the last moment withdrawn. The
press hero has been prohibited by the government from
pvblishlng any article Inconsistent with the observance of
a strict neutrality towards the belligerent Powers. The
levant Herald, which Is the only English newspaper published
in the Levant, In Its last week's number had an
article which can hardly be charged with partiality towards
either or tho two Emperors or France and Austria.
The neutrality of the paper is strictly preserved by the
use of larguago necessarily distasteful to both of
those potentates. The Emperor Napoleon, however,
having been designated the " slave master of
the Seine,'' his Charge d'Aflairt in this capital,
Count do Lallemand, complained to the
Minister for Foreign Affairs, and ths aoertissement pub
Up hid in the Journal de Constantinople was the conse
quecce. Tho Count de Lallemand has, I am informed this
day, intimated to the Turkish government bis wiUingnes
to overlook the insult to his Emporor and his country fo
this once. Hence, 1 presume, tho withdrawal of the acvr
n.wm.-nf. Surely of the three parties to this transaction
the newspaper cuts the moat respoctablo figure. There it
something indescribably paltry and Insignificant in the
fact of the representative of a great nation beseeching?ho
cannot require?the Turkish government to put a gag on
a paper just struggling into existence. The Emporor Ns
poicou is not scrupulous In such matters, but he would no
willingly have condescended to this. It is perhaps to
the annoyance and petty acts of tyranny invariably
practised by the creatures of a despotic sovereign tha
more than half the odium attaching to his name should be
ascribed. Of the part which tho Turkish government has
played in the matter one can only say that, if it bad the
smallest consideration for its own dignity, it would have
listened noilher to M de Lallemand's complaint nor to hta
subsequent pretence of msgnanimlty. If the newspaper
merited censure, the visitation should bo purely the act of
the government, and neither M. de lallemand nor any one
else should be allowed a volco in Its Infliction or withholding.
You will probably havo heard long before this reaches
you that the lino of telegraph from 8uez to Aden has boon
completed, but that the cable between Candla and Alexandra
parted in the court* or laying.
TRADE OF FRANCE.
[rarls (July 3,evening) correspondence of londonTlraos.j
Ceufldcnce has been somewhat rcs ored in French commercial
circles since the battle of Solferiro. It s e:c
pcctcd that Venice will ihmly fall Into the hands of tho
ERA
Ilka, and thai a apeady conclusion to the war la IU'r
jkt be anticipated. The rapid profreaa made In the wa-,
nd the late victories, poeaess another advantage In tb
yen of the lnduatrleoa classes they diminish the chances
f the war becoming general. The apprehension of the
ierman Confederation engaging In the quarrel is greatly
Itmlniehed. The armaments In Prussia are oonsidered a
V mere prepatory step towards opening negotiations with
be belligerents with a view to peace. The present
nomeat looked upon as the first since the oommencenent
of the war when the possibility of a favorable solu
ion could be regarded as probable. This is a great
.dvantage gained la a commercial point of view. It
rould be difficult to recollect a duller week than the last
8 regards the Paris Hour market. The millers endeavored
to malntan the price of flour, but the bakers reused
to purchase except in small quantities. Prices renain
merely nominal, and it there be no demand for
i ngland prices must come down. Flour of the four marks
ras offered yesterday at 47f. the sack of 1(7 kilogrammes
A speech lately delivered by II. de Kant, President ot
be Agricultural Society of Provlns, contains some cu
ious information with respect to the production ot
vbeat In France. Forty years slnoe there were
?lv 4.600,(00 hectares of land so en under wntat
ibuuu in uui ib-b, "uiu1 is a uiibuikc, a
by reference to the message of President Madison to th
House of Representatives we find that the grievance
which led to the war of 1812 were the violations of Amerl
can teriltory, American ships being considered as Ameri
caa territory when on the high seas
A gentleman in the audience wished to now hoe
could l>o said that Mr. Oass had backed down?
Mr. Tickxh?By saying In his first letter that natural!*
ed citizens, on returning to their own countries, subjects
tbemselvei to military service; and when Wise and Bom
drew public attention to this, ho modifiod bis doctrine bj
saying that the parties returning were liable if they were
liable before leaving.
The C.a.viLSJUN?then you contend for the principle
maintained by Caaa at first?
Mr. Tcckxk?I do.
The Otiikk?Thoa there you are wrong.
Mr. McDmiaorr maintained that the principle ?cmtended
for by the last speaker was that a man who was born older
n particular government was in some manner a Slavs
to that government. It was. in short, the doctrine of alio
g'sncs wising out of obsolete laws euac od in feuda.
timet, by which the vassal was bound to give service tc
the lord of the soil. This, if tho law of allegiance at thii
day ought certainly to be moiiified- It was hit view thai
the constitution of the United States did not prevent anj
man from expatrlatisg himself. He then went on to stati
his opinion that the laws of the United States admitted io<
foreigner lo all the rights anil privileges of native bori
citizens, end this was abowu in the fact that on his ratu
rallzalton ho was not iiuostioned as to his prerions ob iga
ttons. If he was n citizen in Ihct, then ho should be enti
a France, and the average produce dil not exited
eleven hectolitres the acre. tAt present there
ire 100, COO,000 hectolitres of wheat reiaed,
md the average produce is 16 hectolitres the hectare.
Vlthln the last forty year*, consequently, the production
if wheat has nearly doubled in France. Now, as within
he same period the population in Franoe increased only
>y one filth, It la easy to calculate how much the condi
ion of each Individual has been improved by the addition
Dade to hta food. Another consequence is, that France
Tows nearly sufficient wheat for her own use without
laving recourse to a foreign supply. It is expected thai
vhen Algeria became* sufficiently oolonized France, In
;tead of being an importer of wheat, will become a greal
xporter.
A letter from Odessa of the 18th of June statee that
tO,COO cbetwerts of wheat were sold the preceding week
it a reduction of 26 copecks the cbetwert.
Accounts from Algiers of the 28th of June announce that
ihe corn crope In that colony will give a favorable rsolt
ibis year. The wheat, oala and barley are already cut
ind stacked; the quality of wheat is superior to that of
last year. The price of wheat at Algiers is from 2f. to 3f.
Ihe hectolitre dearer than in Franoe.
A letter from Lyons states that the orders received by
ihe manufacturers from the United States compensate
them for what they have lost by the war in Italy. It is
reared, however, that the failure of the silk crop this year
will create serious difficulties for next year. Cocoons are
quoted at 7f. the kilogramme.
The Paris sugar market waa dull last week, and good
ftectroot sugar waa offered at from 70f. to 71f. the 10C
ulogrammea in bond. Refined sugars are likewise feeble,
it frsm 166f. to 107f. the 100 kilogrammes. At Nantes
there is little business doing in sugars, and prices are
nominal, at 61f. for West Indian ana 63r. for East Indian
ibe 60 kilogrammes. West Indian sugar haa fallen al
Bordeaux to OOf. the 60 kilogrammes, duty paid.
TtiarA ear a a nnt mnph hnainnw tsannandnH at ilia
wine market of Bercy lut week. Tne chief demand
waa for ordinary wince. Two boata of wine ol
Sancerre arrived at Bercy Lut week, and a few eon
ignments rrom the central and aouthern depart
menu. The bloaaoming of the vinea ia said to hav?
taken place under unfavorable circumatanoee, anc
for that reaeon the vintage ia expected to be deOciem
in quantity, but very auperlor in quality. Prloea are wel
maintained. Southern wlnea have risen from 6f. to 101
the hectolitre. Prioea are Arm at Bordeaux, without mucl
buaineaa doing. Wine ia in good demand at Chatellerault
and holdera or atock refuse to sell until the bioasomlng o
the vine a hall have terminated. Bed wlnea are quoted a
from 60f. to 66f. the caak of 270 litres. At the last marke
of Iaaoudun all the wine offered for sale waa purchased a
a rlae of 8f. the hectolitre.
Little black insects, called the nite noire, have cause<
Rreat destruction in some vineyards. Luuguedoc brand;
has fallen in Paris to llOf. the hectolitre, and beetroo
spirit, 90 degrees, to 92f.
COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE.
LONDON MONEY MARKET.
Consols dosed on Tuesday, the 6th, at 93)? * 93)* fo
account.
American securittea unchanged in prtee, and inactive.
London, July 6?11 a. 1
Consols are at 93 a 93X for hoth money and account.
LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET.
The sales or cotton for the three days ending with tl
6th Inst, were 19,000 bales, of which 2,000 bales were <
speculation and for export. The market closed dull b
steady, at the following quotations:?Middling Orlean
7 3-16d.; middling uplands, 6\d.
STATU OF TRADE IN MANCHESTER.
The advices from Manchester are favorable. All kin
of goods were slightly higher. The market was activ
and stocks low.
LIVERPOOL BREADSTTW?
AU descriptions of breadstuff* had declined slight!
The weather had been ravorable for the crops. Richan
rod SnffflPJt Ar fin. nnntA-_Flnnr rtnll an/1 fvnnlir nrfawmt <
A alight decline on all qualities; American waa quoted <
10b. a 13a. Od. Wheat very dull and declined 2d.; Wester
red la quoted at 8s. a 9s. 4<L; do. white, 9s. a 10a.; an
Southern white 10s. a 11a. Od. Corn dull; yellow an
mixed are freely offered, nominally at 6a. lOd. a 6a. 3d
white, 7a. a 7a. 9d.
liverpool provision market.
Beef dull at nominal quotations. Mesa pork heavy, wltl
but little Inquiry. Bacon dull and declined 2s. Lart
dull. Tallow unchanged in price; business moderate.
liverpool produce market.
Spirits turpentine dull at 38s. a 39a. Rosin steady. Com
mon 3e. 9d a 3s. lid. Sugar quiet, pending the contempts
ted change in duties. Coffee firm. Rice dull. Ashesrots
dull at 26a. a 27s, ; pearls dull.
london markets.
Wheat dull; holders were demanding an advene
which buyers refuse to accede to. Sugar firm. Coffee dull
with a decline of Is. on Ceylon. Tea also dull. Rice firm
Tallow Inactive, and prices weak. Linseed oil 29s.
The Cass Letter.
Rionra or naturalized citizens?public meet
1no in the bowery.
Pursuant to public notice, a meeting of citizens, botl
native and naturalized, took place at the building 19,
Bowery, yesterday afternoon, to discuss the Cass lettc
and to give expression to their feelings on the question o
Iha raf nalnsalleail ffltisAna Thnra mrtia Uttl.
interest evinced in the movement, judging from the ver;
mall number of persona who were present to take par
in the proceedings. On close counting of all hands at thi
thickest part of the diicusaion, there were just flfly om
citizens; and, to speak candidly, the oratory was not ii
any manner edifying, but, on the contrary, was through
out of a dull, stale, flat and unprofitable character.
The meeting was organized by Mr. Palhkr being called
to the chair, who stated the objects for which they had
met together.
Mr. Tucker then addressed the meeting. The firs
question is, said he, what is a citizen? Citizen, fron
avis, implies a person who, as a member of a common
wealth, regulates the condition of the government Thii
question,as propounded by Mr. Cass, resolves itself inti
two condtious:?First, the natural rights, and, second
the civil or legal rights of man. By the definition of thi
first division it is precluded from being used as argu
ment In this discussion, the definition of natural right
being the right to do as you please, which necessitates i
man remaining in an individual, isolated condition. Bj
legal rights we mean the privileges and governmon
growing out of society. As soon as individuals unito int
tribes or communities they immediately curtail the ezer
cise of natural rights, and by their very connection wiU
each other they bind themselves by an implied oontrac
to support each other in time of danger; and what li
that but supporting government? For all govern
menta are but intrinsically the voice of the people, an<
so allegiance to government is but another form of aile
glance to the members of the commonwealth. Chlldrei
and posterity are but continuation of their original onces
tors. Hence tbey are bound to the compact, with thi
same right to change the governmental laws as the!
ancestors, but not farther. Hence a person leaving hi
territory voluntarily, without severing his compact bj
procuring a certificate, violates the compact of hii
father (and through him himseii); but if be procures i
certificate, bo abrogates bis concoction with his govern
meet and resolves himself into bis natural oondition am
8ors where be pleases, without restraint, subject only V
lie laws of such countries in which he temporarily ro
sides. It is said that the war of 1812 grew out of a vio
LD.
PRICE TWO CENTS.
tied to ell the rights of say other ettl- *
md. The American flag should be his oertifloito
of citizenship, end every insult offered to him
should be considered en insult to the United Slates. (Apple
nee.) He was of opinion that Mr. Oaas was in his
dotage, end this was the reason for the promulgation of
the many curious doctrines which have emanated from
him. European governments held on to their doctrine of
perpetual allegiance, to crush down, oppress, and suclt the
blood of their subjects.
Mr. OoMMSsrosp did not agree In the doctrine onae a
subject always a subject. He argued that if a man la in
an army, and if he desert*, he is s traitor. If wo wore at
war wttn England, and deserters came over to us from
their army end navy, we would reoeive thorn, bul that
would not prevent the British government from xhooting
down those men as traitors to their country if they ever
fell into their hands again. Thus fkr Mr. Cass was right;
but when he went further, as in Appleton's letter,
be waa utterly wrong. The fact was that Mr. Case
had lived so long in e despotic atmosphere that be waa
ready to do anything, and to sacrifice every Aoeerioaa
principle, so as to appear in a favorable character before
tbe Brltirb and other Minister! at Washington. Did any
one suppose (list Gen. Jackion would have kept such
man in bis Cabinet? Mo. He would have kicked him aa
far as be could go.
Dr. WxaiLs held that the main argument of other speek.
era was right, but be did not think the fault waa ao much
that or Gen. Cass. The principles of the demxnrao/ at
i this day was to cauae the many to be in submiaalou to the
few. Those principles set out that wblte as well aa black
man sKnnl/1 Km slawsa ?K<a* ie that *Kaam oKa-1 A Waa Wa* U
tubjection to be used. Be contended that Mr. Cos ?u exi
disable. He ?u ingrained in theae doctrines and could
scarcely help btuielf. Be thought that they should not
be too bard on Gen. Cass.
Mr Roach followed in the remarks iui generis.
Another speaker edified the audience on the natural
rights of man. A man in his natural state had a right to
pluck fruit wherever it grew, and to kill animals whereever
he found them. But when he became civilised, ha
had not these rights. He went on to apply this doctrtna
to the question under debate in so Incid a manner that wa
could arrive at no decisive idea of his ultimate views.
Several other speakers followed in a similar strain, and
two collections having been taken up, the meeting soon
after separated.
Kews from South America.
WAR BETWEEN BUENOS A YAKS AND THE CONFEDKBAT10N?PREPARATIONS
OF TIM FORMER STATS?
THE DIFFERENTIAL DCTIBi?LEGISLATION IN BRAZIL?THE
MARKETS, ETC., ETC.
The Biitiah mail steamer Tyne arrived at Southampton
I on the 3d of July, with Brazilian mails, one hundred and
; forty five passengers, 9238,220 In specie, a valuable lot oC
, diamonds and a heavy general cargo.
Her dates are Buenos Ayres, May 28; Montevideo, May
31; Rio Janeiro, June 8; Bahia, June U; and Pernamhuoo,
June 13.
MJENOB AYRES.
[From the London Herald, July 4.]
The separation of Buenos Ayree from the Confederation,
the creation of differential duties, and other minor dis'
agreements, have at last resulted in declared warfare between
the Confederation and this Slate.
| The Commercial Times of the 27th of May aflbrds us the
, following information on the subject:?On the 1st inst. the
Legislature of this State was convened. The message
breathed s tone alike reproachful and defiant, and at the
second meeting measures were brought forward by the
j government calculated to bring the men dubious slate of
: aflalrs to a speedy crisis. The Chambers received them
* with enthusiasm, and, hurrying forward tbeir prooeed;
lngs, on the 6th empowered the government "to repel by
* force of arms the war de facia declared by the govern.
ment of the Argentine Confederation, making nae of all
J the rtgbta of a belligerent power." The war thoa de;
clared waa notified to all foreign ooneuK two days after'
wards. A similar notification bad already been passed to
the Oomuls accredited to the Confederate provlncengunder
date of 20th of April, such being the spirit of the ocuerdo
of the day previous.
Since this preparations for hostilities have been carried
, forward with the greatest activity, the Legislature has
authorized the government to call out tbs National Guards
of both city and country for active service; detachments
df the troops stationed on the southern and western"
I frontiers have received orders to march northwards, soma
of which are already on tbe way,700 men from Bahla
Blanca having reached the Azul on the 15th; commiselona
have been issued for the formation of two foreign
infantry legions, on the same basis as those which did
inch good service during the siege of '63; tbe straggling
)n artillery companies have been formed into one regunent;
ut a marine company is in its formation for the service of
the squadron; three steamers have been purchased by
government. For funds to carry out these preparations
and to prosecute the war twenty millions of doQkrs currency
In public funds have been ie. .ed for sale at 76 per
, cent, bearing an annual Interest of sa per oent. So far
M the sale progresses but slowly.
e, On tbe other hand, the National Congress was convened
on 15th instant, and a measure waa very speedily
racuvi ?rnr? ?ring the President to prosecute the war
already deoiared by the provinoe of Baenos Ayree. Prey.
vions to this, however, troops were assembling in many
d. quarters, and a general citation of militia had taken plaoe
throughout tbe provinces of Corrientea and Entre Bloc.
" In Rosario great alarm was felt at the prospect of a
at speedy invasion from this State, and some small detachv
meats of artillery and regular infantry were sent down
from the capital for Its defeooe. three steamers have
10 also been purchased by the national government, and
d are fitting up aa vessels of war In Montevideo; the sum
authorities are also said to be in treaty for one or two
' sailing vessels lying in the same port.
Tbe exemption of Montevideo from the action of tba
differential duties, which was mooted some time since.
i will now be brought before Congress, and there is little
Hnnht thnl a law weill Km nseasit that .m.*/
1 Although great activity is displayed in these varied
preparations, yet there Is little probability of any actual
rupture before the spring. In the meantime trade suffers,
commerce languishes, and foreign interests are greatly
prejudiced. Hence the question naturally arises, can
nothing yet he done to stay the torrent? The merchants'
committee consider that something may be accomplished
by the timely Intervention of foreign diplomacy, and
have consequently addressed Mr. Pagan, her Britannia
Majesty's representative at Parana, upon the subject.
We understand that the Americans are also preparing
c a representation to the Hon. B Yancey, requesting him
!, to exert bis iniluence to prevent an eventual appeal to
u arms.
Considering that both parties profess to have the same
object in view, the reconstruction of the national unity;
and since it is evident that neither is prepared for war, it
is our opinion, as aiao we believe that of the leading
foreigners of this city, that an energetic intervention by
foreign diplomacy might put an end to the present threatening
aspect of affairs, and peaceably reunite the natioa
i in the bonds of federal unity.
. The wai like aspect of affairs has naturally bad a very
considerable effect upon our markets. The ad vtneed rates
r for produce and the continued high rates or ounces hava
f induced saladcristas to pay rather higher prices for cattle
? MONTE VIDEO.
A correspondent at Monte Video thus writes on the 30tb
T May:- Businees in manufactures during the past month
t has been very brisk, and stocks in first hands were very
, limited.
Produce?Total sales of salted hides during the month
s oonsist of 40,950. Most of these sales were effected alter
i the reoelpt of favorable advices from the United States
and Europe. Prices have been gradually advancing for
some time past, but there Is nothing to warrant a further
rise, therefore present quotation? are likely to continue.
1 RIO DS JABKUtO.
[ The accounts from the Brails are, on the whole, ex
cecdingly encouraging; the only cause for anxiety is the
war just declared between Urquiza, the chief of the Art
gentine Confederation, and the republic of Buenos Ayres,
a which threatens to plunge the neighborhood of the River
Plate into considerable disasters. Brazilian trade, alter a
remarkable development of the last six years, will necea
sarily suffer severely.
a Brazilian Influence at Monte Video bad assumed the
right of Interposing to prevent that Btate from being drawn
3 into war, by urging the observance of a strict neutrality
under the protection of the neighboring empire, and from
3 which altitude General irquiza is employing every means
j to divert bor. Nevertheless, the state of desolation into
. which all the intermediate districts which have to be trat
versed to reach Matto Groeso most fall, is giving rise to
3 serious embarrassments to the government and the Brazilian
people.
j Matto Groeso, a province of Brazil, occupied the upper
t banks of the rivers JLa Plata, Parana, and Paraguay, on
, all of which rivers steam navigation has been succenfuUy
established, and will. In consequence of this war, be ln1
terrupted, to the great detriment of laat beautiful district.
In the interior politics are neglected, In spite of recent
] energetic eflbrts to resuscitate them by abstract discussions
on the interpretation of words and the application of
B principles. The country hu other demands more sppror
priate to present times and circumstances. Party stands
B are forgotten.
r The late ministers, with their theories of expansion of
g credit, backs of issure, and a circulating medium of pag
ptr, have plunged the country into considerable economical
embarrassment, resulting from a depreciation of the
j pspcr currency, unusual fluctuation In tho exenange, and
0 the price of gold. These evils, universally felt here, require
judicious treatment amidst the conflicting interests
at stake. It may, however, be here remarked that the
. boast of excess of receipts ore' expenditure during the
p tale administration resolves Itself into a fable. True ths
national receipts never were so large, the general aooount
showing 50,600 eontos. and the provincial 12,000 oontos;
but the heavy expenditure and liabilities Incurred by the
late ministry (s It re portion of which latter is not yet
liquidated; have absorbed the whole of Um receipts, and
a considerable deficit Is still left. This is a fact which can
reflect but little credit on the predecessors of the present
1 ministry.
Kxcharpe is weak and unsteady. Coffee?Pr'ces aro
" still maintained at remunerating prices to tbo planter,and
, trade, notwithstanding the warlike news, remains com.
paralively uninterrupted. The United States market is,
however, open. The coffee crop this season does not promise
abundantly. Tbo production of this staple has sen
einiy umimianed during the last three years.
BArtLA.
Freights?The Louisa Marian taa? been chartered fop
Beaten at a lump loin o( mil. 2 000; no other charter?
> bave been eflccted, and the rates quoted are Oat. Sugar?
t'ricoe durirg the put month have been steady, but Utterly
the boteteroua aiate of the weather haa put a complete
atop to ?Ulpnenta, and lions actions have been on
lim'ted scale, purchases have almoat been contlned to the
neccaaary quantities tor Ailing up veneer* cargoes- last
sales wore at mil. 2 TOO fbr good brown I)ihiaa and (Miogoibas.
t'oOee?At mil. o to mil. 6 200 per arroba. exchange
?4U.
Pr. Wm 8. Wooiwidb, a prominent officer of the Baltimore
and cimo Railroad Company, oled in Baititnoie on too
13th intt., In the OOlh year or his age.