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The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, September 11, 1863, Image 2

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Persistent link: https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030313/1863-09-11/ed-1/seq-2/

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io nt mediation of ihe Vope and tbe repiblic or Venice,
ouncto and ainb (Midur. Soortly a torwardu,
* 186.1, the Koi.wior ui (Jei many ofleruJ ills median >u
DSlwotin .- w Ilea a. d lolmd. l>ut the old bi-torian re
cords that Hi* .--weili* ku ,ucled hut o[ M in
orea.-si laihar than to arijiuge pvndi'ig di McuI'Hh wblcb
?c? ' "i ui0ll by his appearance eboi t v a lu vards in
lie PuiUb camp. But Swcde;^ tbo igh often L . li^-meat
iu thosj days, Wa? ti..| ho always, ni.,1. n li>:i,
when war br?ko torib between Ii.ili ? .1 Kughuid
>u i>tiu stile and ihe tell prcvces oa tbe
?t" 1 ? *o And bur proffer in; a mediation, wbloh
wa- promptly accepted by lis. 'and, who iusliy
rojectwi a aiui'lar pru!li-r which tho Elector of Hranden
burg, a; l -tor or tlin klj,soi' Prusi a. In! iho hardl
bond (o ni.i'?e while in lrcbing nl tho head in bis forces to
into the i. itch Ibe Kntiiuli i ?tei on 'his ecc sion. writ
ten lawn it it the tune wa- oh 'ed "a tflciontly ivid
t-'ri-ncb. but in n ?i t Intelligible term " declared tli .t tbo
electoral proffer, though unle tlin peasant name of me
drill, n ? )-tr le 0- ua ?i m u i ? (. '-on ? was m reality an
arbitration. and hit, Insl a >f a a ?d!:nnu, UUirmnd
ami d.sinu-iested ,t wis i mediation urint'.l, aud p ledged
lo the " emle* i,|' Ku.'iatiJ
Such a-o -o!Ti . tl:u earlier instances. *11 iT which
b . . e tliei; .i". -i'ii ">r a H.r tie r i aro modern Instances,
i ailude 1 v 1 1 tiie triple a.iiuixe between Great Britain,
Prussia * ii ii-.U il, which, a: the cIomj of tbo la i cen
tury, ccs-.voiy i iter r >..e'1, by a mediation,
wb cb r 'Hid 'n't t o rtwlsied, lo compel IMnnrirlt
*. 'i ? -i 1, 4,1 ><jed with R'jsk.4 .i .uiust Swodei:--to remain
ueuira lor the real o[ the war: than, in 1701 to dictate
the t u r 1 1 1 ? poace between Austria and the i'orte and
l i^.iy, :u l.fi, to coiutra.n K'.isjj'a into an abandonment o[
iier designs u; a the Turkish "ipire, br the peace of
J as-ey. (iu thU oocafdon il a Empross or Hns-ii Cathar
ine, peroni.it rily rolusod the mediation ? f Hrussi i, nud
the ms iialiug u liuuoo mude ita approaches throuEb Den
tnurlc, by wiiii-e po, d oil cm the emi revBuas finally in
duced to wnstent to th. treaty. While thus enraged in a
work -f proiexned mediailoa, t'i,K;an.i, in a iiotctubo
trench nmbas-.idor, declined a propofition in; ct ns ni di
ator ii 'ttveon 1- ranee and tbo allied Powers, lea-ingtUit
^ v,roc {'d 1! ' K" qlaud hL not
jiulj reined to not as mediator but has orofiiBed to sub
UnlilSV-'V If* dmr ? "? ? f-??t war with tlia
United Slate ,whon UiinjI i ?t ih u time the ally or.KrcJuirt,
pr i .tiered her me?llatiou bt- weoa ibo two beliigorouls,
wbtcb w inoin itly ,IC by tl.o fnile l States. Its
r- aiti nut tbo t.rno hy F !ind, ra?i8io>r Iho prolonj' i
ti ?o o( ti ?sMiuos, wum coiH!de? (I by Sir James M.icfci.i
t > h lu nj nilablo. as <?a nic Dafor is a common friend
Wb . 06 Ii-H. , both ,?rile with H . i fb*. proiKirtl mod to
, n Vi:\ k"'. h,rt ?"*?*? tty iu i their re- peel ror bin
V ' er, bill b? is not mi arbitrator to wlio.-e decision they
"'"l dillerenc h wliero iiwurd Is bmiiine ou
Ih m i he p. ice "f (.bent wa coucludod at ln.t mider
I ,o' "" ""V U" ltul has not al vays bean
?it. A ben Andrew Jackann niouaend letters of
niinioe: 'uni t rai ce.on account or u failure to pay a
I m ll1'' lr' ? WM't tre.ty with the I citod stairs.
Kiu?\. ,i" |\.p,, .'red Ills inel'aMon b?i ween t' e 'w)
I iwersj b.it bannliy the whole .piestion was aireaily ar
ran?...i t a pear.; al? i that, before our war with Mcxleo
, " ! ''* ' " 'K'an.l were tendered tn the tw ipartt M,
ill i t w... ?? dung to i.'ci pi Uiem.iind war took its
1 "" iiiRiaiircs o: mterlerenro In tbe e\t<-r
i.il mil, .. oi nat ojiH. and aim e ioternationiit law is to be
ir.T.'.!;' 0ry- ?h-y Itirtii.:}, U guide wnlcb wo cannot
Kugland and Kranoe!1 ,,y viuH tiie P?"cy of
n I* KI1VK.MTII,(I IX INTKHWAI. A'TAIRS
I. ut the ir.Mt..ncos ol r. >i eiR:. intervention in the internal
.,1. airs oi ,i nation me more i?>riinout to the present occa
sion. .Ley are uumerouH and ma always birmonious
e .pe. I Illy II we I om pure the new with the old lu the
earl or times such intervention wis regmdc.i w th repuir
nance. Hut the prin. iple then declared has been sapped >n
tbo ne ?<de by the oonstnr .cies of tyr nny.so'kimr l!ie
i.ip est ion of liberal Institutions, and on the other side
I y i. e. erous sympai by, bre,kintf forth in support of libe
r.ii ns. llut I tia. According to the o d P'e. eil ids most of
lort fromllu h,'a./?I'|ni' "'? K"'f"i|?ing book Of 'iVic plO
tort, from v\ beaco thoy liavo boan copied by Mr. Wild
?inn, ovwi foreign interroMsjon iv?i? prohiMted Not even
Uli: "! one ruler s,.e?k to another on
the ?lomc.-t c aU iirsol bin g ivornmotU. I'oter, King or
Arra^ou, re; used t > receive an ombansy from Alnhor.zo
Kinit or insula, entreating marcy for rebels. Charles'
k IL 'J riance, a di-teatabto monarch, in reply to am
basHHdors ol tbe CroiesUut princes of (Ji'imany, pleadimr
lor his I rote- taut sub ects, insolontiy said that he re^ilr
ed no tutors i i loach him how to rulo. And yet this siin^
sevoruigu dnl not hesitate to aslc the Duke ol Si\ ty to
receive eeiUin subj-cw "Into bis beirgn lav r and
J ,/?U'ru .'""l them in their con
II ealed est.tes. Id this appeal thero was a
double inconsistency; for it was not only an icter
feronce m , the alUirs ol anailier prince, b it It was iu
be ia r o, , roieetants, only ale* months be oro the runs
sacro of St. Harlbolotnew. llenry III the siieer anr nr
Cbarios, and a di testable monarch also, in reply to tho
1 lotestant anibawiadors, an- ouncod that he was a sove
I louts xVli': Wi^of 'nmfirt' ,bei." l0UV0 ''omlnions.
i^i ills XIII. miuj of a milder nature, and yet when the Kue
ii>-b aini as-.oior , the karl of Carlisle, presumed to srviL
lu avi ro ihe Huguenots, ho declared that m int'rfo
r "IICO between the i. lug or !? ranee and but sub ectn ,^>uld
IT "I'l'ri vod. J be Cardinal Kichelleu, who governed
iraujo wi long, learning mat an attempt was made to
procure ibe intercession of il.e I 'o(H' , stopped II bv a mes
I.a?;e to bis Hollnea, that tho King would bo T
pleiised by any such interference Tbe I'.vo him
seir. on utiotbcr recorded occaslaii, ndmitteil ' that It
would b? a pernicious precedent to alio a a s iboet
to l egoti.ite terms of iirc.miiio latl.ai tbrougii a foreign
prince. On still unnther occasi n, whun tbo Kine of
j ranc.'. forgi tliUK hi own rule. Interpol in l.obalr ?>( tl.o
llai ber liltainllv. Inn cent X. declared, that as !,o bad no
desire to e,;e e in the atlalrs ?r Ir.uce, be tru.l 1 that
his . iij.iMy would not interfere In his. ijueen i brlstm*
w on Ha merely hinting a disposition lo prod'-r hor
goodoi.ee- t l.o leUlomentot ibo unb ipi.v divisions
, , w l ,,a hv lb" ijneen Kegent ih.it she iniiih'
give her eli n i innilile on the^ubiecl. an I one of b r own
nimis its i m< ikoolm declared that tbe "vennre had
f" P' > ii e iHil Nor wore tho , , ate- (,e>,e ai oi
uoiNttu ie " us it \ ? Tber 'veo tent it ? ft
t i^e n iilif'i,.:.' to ibo p ?nirh urn! as* ,<t -r. to knit! t?M*.ori.
gratalai. lle-ni n llie idtlem lit of a dni-i.e ,111 -Hon
iind.i hen in 1 1 f K :. u .mbisa lor underio' k top cad lor
the Ro ii ti i atho.' s, ,|, . >t,,|04 t>jr f?r,iml
no it id n , , oiHiuct 1- Incoi. htonl wuh tho | oaixj and
con titi.tiou 0. nil or which was commut.l
caied t . tun by ei^hl de, uli?s wli , added by w rd o(
ino'.fi w l ao-vor the re-oinlion sce ned to want ia n'uui
ne-s of , p , cb.
N"i i. I-:. ? ?, i nd wlihout similar example*. Lools Mil.,
sie rt y .:ter the mmriaco o his si- tor llcnri tia Man'
w ill iH'irbs .. consented that the Kn/ tsii .iinba, id,.r
f'l "rt ?''t?,r,.<-e for me l'ro,i h Crote-t .aw,;but when t'ie
Iror. b n.i.a -ad..r in Koglmd rcpie ted the repeal ? f a
ii* a; .w I'-osnan t atholics t har.es oxprei-ed his - ii ?
P'tso lint Hi ? :>li;g oi I r.iiie ? should pr. sum t-, Into,
(ii"dd!e <n Knglisli !Un ( \e ias lite as 17 i , when
?i'ii rib- haiiie or (Mlodoti. tho I utch amli.ts.-idor pi
I- . en s ; ' ed lo a dress the Ililtisb gover. r-.eal i;i
beii i ( o, liaries t dnard. tbo I'reteud. r, t i tb- elfecl
llui I lake : h h old not be treiu d as a reb d, it is re
c "?e4 ? lull : I - mt'Ti es i n was g;e i.ly re cute J by t'l"
.. n -h iii' ".ernur i.t. wlnli. not e oi.teat with aa aiiology
frmo til ? iin'iiit,inateofli.ial. lepilnd that In- sh ni l lie.
ronk d hv Ins own governin nl aUo. Aud ibis is
t till it t I'm ny wt; rr.urd J < iutorvf it ? ?u in a civil
war . . mii when it t ok tin in! iImI torm of ialcrccssion
lor llw M o of a princ ?.
Hut i I th laco of these repulse*, all the-e niton* at
dillerei t nni have prr cllced Hit rvall n in e%e: \ ,i
ri i ly o i. .m s<iiuctimes by intercession or ' ^wid
c s ? 1 1 j e?,;;,os by mediation, and oiten l.v
iruis l mi ih' i lnata;ic"s alie t tho intermeddling
"r ' '"rwi, , *er liaerviaiiun was mm repulfid it
w n .it 1' ii.t nit muled.
I' d li -rearet , . prec'deiils belonjHng lo ll'e earlier
peri ,1 .in oi in .e k> io -t id apart not only for Ibeir
list<.,i. i n|? rt mce, |. .1 ror tb - r appllcalillHy to .. ir
tunes The tn t ? ? i|,e r;.ori . i thai |?i*. rf il tni.,1 tcr.
wli ,, dm I g lite imnorliy oi Ixhih XIV., swmc.I Iraiee?
< ant n I y arm? io I sliiitte a medianon bei ween Kinn
l-hirksl ? t his l ai l ament. The civil w ir 1ml a
r mii iro wjg. d '"T yea**; ginid men nn earn fide lied
,.| !'H' '? "'"'el "UUting for ll.o Kin; ai.d llimivloa
II. hie g it the I ar i , iinint , and tiier , oatli t i, m.i
h d Ih. n - rj on tbe ll-lds ol \Vorce-tor, Ivlce
I'."' * ?rlr ? 'i M?",r ail X.i ,. i.v ?
lh" " '' 1 ,'"i si, w. til Mo .-r-, t;?. k ? ? ac
r i diog io i i. r. i,d ii . p? oU,i od "lopresath 1'inhment !
l'" r "'"lv and todenou". e a war a a nst tbem il
they re. used to it Id wb t was lea^omld.'. ' lor tti *
Important serrkeb. selected tbo fninons I omponne do
H-lievre.o a family tiled lu pn ? to Pre
s dent H the I'arll itneiit of Part" .ndap. erof Kranee?
coo-pl' UOI1S in pern il,|ii; |lt,e. w t0 p|we, whose beau
I oi MM presern ' l.v th? graver <d NmImA Is Mm
Iiio;s In a t and wb s-djlng charity Hv- still I;; , he
g-tsi hOH| Hal ni the I lute . |Meu nt Car s. (In his arrival
at l/mdip lb" graceOil anil awi idor pres< n!s I him-elt to
ti at L ng I' r l ime t whic i k ew wo well h w to guard
Ko.'ltah rtgbt?. r very o%?-r n e .v i al on e re < eti d. b
foiin.l t i o. ee Imi'i, tr m which I cojiy these words ?
1 w e do d elate that we onr? dies have been
eaief it on all ocslo,.* m c ni|,<?e I |j.> e tin.
hippy lr ubi-a, y..? we have^. j i . neiiier ? in
a tmil of .,ny mediation or into, iswuig b"t?i\ti>,c Ktn*
a d us by ai J a, Prlnri erstite;and ?e lesi.sth,t
In Ma sty. the Irefieh King, will rest satl*<J with t'ls
*,:d ""swer." i in the commit'. e nt, h
di. w ihH ta;i|y w?Pjotn -elden , un.n-e *ed for |e?rn.
lug and aldll y in tb, wh ile ' ?,,| ry of ibe i L
Ifhbar on eve,riKH,K o, .hoielibr.rv vn, wri .en
IWorf | everything ?n 1 al-o th >t II .-rv Vane
*r ' "n Milt n. In oi.eo bis in i laspir l t..t, ?|
?trosM", ?? ?
VAM yonn^lnyir t 't n mgr r . >!?!.
Tu.ib a b? ii> H^nmor ur>r > < 1
T. u *'?n of Knot* v .???, g m n* ,u?t . mi ref> 1>*1
Tit# I fitr and iu African bout ,
?ft- a AiiA.VBr of P ? h t?ro nny v\ ? II bo * \ rvcrient to ? *
r, ?',?A id Kugiii.d, taking i |i U)' rf .< tlr<| u !w v I
. i Muait'i, U> Mad <njr -mlia vtdoi lo atu , iba
rci uhlta In IM war wth rim ? y
Uni ih''WiM beari ci nek, wliii h \ v ro itraaaon* lo
rtvelib** intervention of fiwici, in Iba | rn.n yieiUua
beiwrea King ?nJ Parilnnenl, hi n -? , . u,
?? . en n laici ?eoi o#, wl'?o it o?iM r-arra in" ? :hu of i
Hi-'md or tba principles <* r?lt#ln i? liberty s i. I. em
Rutland when ruled bjr I Ih? *n ?il Proti . I . ? (> i U hi
? ? ii iiijr " eniar of men " No a*t km to power : i 10 I
be until from lh\l lrre*l<rlbl?> Interr"--) ??!. wii >r
naih ma k? h of |>e?ee tbrro wan* flr-im of mn'?
>r m Franco. nren under Iho rule 01 II* inn. lie < l?iai>'l
r. -|? -t f ir the I'rntoe'a"! name, wbl Ii ha Mm ltd '.r n
in ?m< great nad iflorltHie. from ftpala. ??! *lm?e
?M .?<??! empire ib? mm .a lhil llw Mrrr nui"!! !'?
b? lii* >t< d lb it no > nit I. Ii#' hi *h<m d bo atib,rrl
i I i' mqu ? t|im. K' Ullnn lo I.l< rvMIM 'I a di *na > U
1 1 i Admiral It ake, annoum in^ n il l?e bid olital. ad \
lie* *r< a lk? Viearoy of Malaga, U'lMMHli" bilk*
h i t !?> ii akn llic mom of l- n( t thine n ? ?rc?i ax i>vi>r
\ it ot t<> man bad tusnv" lii il, i a nine !? rtr in ? d h?
tiirmd 10 pM^we hl? medlaii m fetlwadl FrtlbUllt
Hwi* ? ii and 1'nteataut Hremiii, ' i bl* !y b#f| ? 1 1 1 v> if that
bci .r i> > b b>? ii nnd? they *h i,M ?n ilfsi-ltafa'ljr v. niim
one ifftlMt nai'thor , ' ? oflrtin : bin *c . ? n <? in n o m
m.?li - ii nceomw.inuoi oa bo4h tide*' " and aitiiritrg
the ii b)' Bo meaM t?? fMMe inv l> -n< t , m uhh< <if
reri cl> > >t!"n " Hera wa? Inter ??iiii iii bi'tufi iwiti n
and in' I"?; b"l ?* ??*? ?>? r./ii wrd br ?n l .iervcbiloa
In Oie InlTaal ailalrn ni ? dUlatu i niirv, ? hi h -?r all 1
II J ia .( Cronwe l Ii u,e n??! i?h h i,, imt ?ub ime !
1 i iiih ?nil ii- -nl r wa* ai \\|. . i ,n
lh "i?l re ol ? ?re*tf, *h n ree< m, xp . tf.i v
, , < hi ?? aajl'idad vaii-e of (be v ? ,,
? . I. !!.??> m?itiUi? lorrent* wbieb arV ll>e
? f o, I 'H ? < .it, ttijr ,4 ptl,? |.rt,
. I * I !?? II f' r ev i.|. > iitieriil |h.re
i p i .o Iri'lh pure ? wh.n mr faih-rn
?.? i?|i,e<l '?!????? cm <%?<*,' vara m aale laa
l'f ibt .? MvUlMI tUM -.Utu V.f*lP44, t:ua- .4
8*>oy. 'h x twb u) been duapolled of *11 poueealoos
and iiberiienTi i tally driven from ta?ir borons. given
over to a licmttaiui and infuriati violence, and that when
tin-) turned In '.elf i'r ei.ee, they b.'d been 'elaiu by the
b dv i'i?iuoi'U'*\ ibat rolled inotne-witb in'ant down
tb ? ruck*;" acd It w. s reported that Krainti troop* took
part in ibis ii'-m *1 tien-aclim. The Protccto* heard the
-l ry and b t y'.ly ll.sVd Into anjer. Ho declined to
suit tb?*ti?aly uutll Kranen iini'o'l wlih him In securing
jiutiwO to ihrou limubui au vc "rg, whom bo callcd the
l.o:d u peopli Fo( tie r rr!.-r be contributed out of
bij own purso C'J.MK), aid RiithOri*-d a gene
ral colli cllou thtjigh.ini England, which readied
to a Isrgc sum hot, brides giving WMjr. bo
| ttt a >arl a Jay of humiliation and prayer for them.
No: w >d tlm nil. "1 ?!, i m be glad," wrote bis Score
i.iry , Thurloe. ?' to ti ivo ?> innst | articular ucficn.it of 'lint
be.jiuese, and in kr.ow wb.it h?s b*.om^ or thiee poor
people f. r wh?m?ir vory mils here do blee I " But a
mini. tier 1 on than Hi t of spy plodding secretary was
enlisted In tbli pious iiitsrvvntion It was John Milton,
flow U|{ with that I: dy nil .11 y. hich Ills sonnet < n tho
rpiascreili Piom t.t nrult Immortal In tho Pea t of
man, who wrro'e tbfi magnlfl'jent desn i'elirs. In which,
tho I'n gli b nam n o' I h . t day a'ter d -daring iUelf
'?linked together with it.i rfiMant brethren, pot on v by
the s.i mo ly, a of h mi i y, bit by joint commnnier of
tie mine roll 1 u," i.atur.i'ly uud gl .riously ins'steil that
'?whatever bail beep decreed to their disturbance on
account of (he refi rmed rel aion should ha abrogated,
and that ai end fcj p> . 10 their opproasious. " l)>it
cot conl nt with tins rill npon tho Prince
of Savoy, the Protector i|i; eal.d lo [/nits XIV and
also to his <ur lin.il Minister, to tho States (Icneral of
Holland to tbe Protestant Cantons of Switzerland ; to tho
King of Peumarlc; to tlu '? vm Adolpii'is, and even to
the l'rjteilant 1,'nitni ir.r. Prim , of remote Transylvania;
and always by tho p< n o." Mikon ? rallying l!io-c;prinr s
ninl Powers Id jo' t < >1 -.vitv nrd intervention and "If
need bo to eo:no < 1 her speedy co irse. that such a numor
ous multitude of our iun' i-' i.t br ' hren may not in ' ?era- j
bly per toti for want of i ocor nnd assistance. " 1 b ? ra
gent >>f Savoy, who was tho daughter of Ifenry IV.,
professed to he .stlec o 1 by this Knglish eh?rlty, and an
notmcod for hor Protectant subjectg ? a fre i pardon, and
al-*o such privileges and faces ?* < anint but gi . etha j
l/>rd Prufectnr a |i t evidence of the great re.< net
borne both to hi? pe'H -.:i and iro liatim " Ttut there wib
still delay. MQannhllo Cromwell began 10 Inqiiiro where j
iii 'lliib tr.j .pa might d. bark ii* the Prince's tor-itoi ie?,iiuil 1
Miza n an jioub 1 1 eomp'eio tbeyet nnfinlilie.1 treaty with
Rnglaud, joined in ro'i'iir ng art Immeeiate pacification in
tba valley* and tbe 1 uatorition of these portinniitod fieo
pie to ihoir anolont lit>ertlo?. It wa- dm:" Such is the
grandest i terventinn of Knf'ish hiflnry, inspired bv
Milton, enforce, 1 I r Cromwell and sustained by I. tula
XIV., with lil? Car 1 >M Minister bv his side, w hile foreign
nations watched the tscene.
lint this groat instance, constituting a:i iusepar.ahl)
part of the gi iry of I be Pro'ector, is not the last occasion
on which Pngla"d intervened ih beh:dr of tho lioori.es of
Protestant?. Troubles b-van iu franco with tl.o rjvo. a
tlon of the edict of N an tcs ? but t'.ief.e broke forih in tho
rebellion of the f'amianrdu, smarting un or the revo
cation. Sheltered by tl. ? mnun tains of the Cevonnea.
and nerved by their good ca.iso, with tbe do
vice ''I.tborty of t'en/clence" ou tl'Mr standards,
they made head against two wuccessive Marshals
of Kranco. and p<T('le*e I the old ano of I/mis
XIV., wlnso arms wero atrea'dv onfeet'od by lorewn war.
At ia?t, through tho mediation of ICngland, tho gre.it
monarch made terms with his Protestant robelfl. and tho
civil war was onded.
Intervention, tn >ro often armed than imam. 3d , showi d
il'eli In tlin middle of tlie last centnrv. All decency was
got nsi'u when Krodortck of I'rti'sla, Cat!ia~lne of Kussui.
nud Maria Tli -Mi of Austria invaded and partitioned
Pdapd, under the pretext <>f suppressing anarchy. *'or?
wns i'.'ervention with a v^tipe.nco atid en I be side or
url.l rary powor. But sucli is human Ince.nsiBtoocy ,
thoro was almost at tho same tliuo another interven
tion in tue o.-pos.tc direction. It was tho armed j^ter
vuntlon of Prance, followed by that of : pain and Ifollanu,
in behalf or Amerloin independence. Hut Sua in be*un
lrtorvention here by an oitbr oi roe iation. with a triice,
which wiH ucceptod by rranoo on condition (hat
me luwhilo tbe United St .teg should bo independent
in fact. Then camo, In 17M?, the a.mod Inttrveoiion
of Prussia, to sustain :.n Illiberal faction In Holland,
which waa followed arterwm ds by I he cornoact between
Great Brltalu, Prussia a . d llolbind, known .n the Irfpe
Alliunco. which began tbu bugines* of its copartnership
by an nrmeil Intorventiou to recouclle tlio insurgent pro
vinces of Itclglum to tho German Kmperor and their an
dent constitution. As Franco b'gan to b? sliakon by do
mostle troubles, mediation In her affair* was (occasionally
proposed. Among the pape-s ot B trite Is a draft of a
memorial written in 1791. la the name U tho government .
oflbriiut what he culls "this boaling mediation. ' Iben
caino the vast coalition for armed Inter v ntl n In Franco
to put do.vn the republic. But ovea this dreary dona
was lcr u moment brightened by a British mtcmnt in
larliament, through ituccessivo debates, to lustiluie
an Intrcesslon lor U'nyefo, immured in the
dungeons of Kuropean despotism. -It I' "H?10*1
said . no of the oral >rs, -that A. >rlea has Bolte.tod
tho liberation of her unfortunate adopted fellow citl/oo.
|.et British magnanimity bo caded in aid of American
e.-utltndo and exhibit to mankind a noble proof that
wherever the principle* of genuiuo liberty prevail they
never fall to inspire re: timenls of rcuor.*>ily, Icellngs or
humanity nud u dctc?t 'Hon of oppression "
Mem while Franc*, K ilnst w liich nil Kuro|.e Intervened,
lili.vcd hor part i f Interveuti in. and Tie s-ceii* w.w Swit
zerland In the unhappy d sput-s between tho ari.-d/i
k c.ratic an' democratic pait; >s, by which this republic
1 A baen distracted, KrctKih modwtlon hail alroad" be
tumio chronic, be#itiuiii< in 173S, when It found a p.n ttal
anotogv hi tlio invl. .tiou of reveral i?T tho onions and of
Hie i*o> eminent ot (teneva, wrmrinii again in Wis
a;,* uVutn taTOh. 11.0 mountain rop. bUc bre.vn o2
Te air of fioadotn, wis naturally movol by tbo
e,.uvu!M ns or tho Krconu Kevelullon. tl Ivn ?_?'
on-i.. d at d Rte.v m bi.ternoss. At last, when
Kriu ' e herself ? ? compiled undei Itie poworfiil smii "I
the i ,r*t font ul. wo tin I him turi.inir to c m o. eilie
trcub! -B of Switzerland Ho was a null' irjr ruler, an t
ilu av .eted uiiilei- ti e li s'tncts of military |*>wcr. I v
anmldi. dated at thr |?taco ?f nt. ' lo td, B'mapjrto
a e. ire ! that, already for throa years tho wba ha l been
Hltyluu e.ieii Other, nad tba!, If left to til 'Ui.tolvcs, they
w'tuldc i.inoeto slay e..ch othir for throe years more
wilbottt c -tnli-K to any un.1eisU.ii Ihij; that, at lirsl. he
had i e >oi> ? I not to 1 teri'ore !u llieir iiltalrs . ut that li?
no.> cha d his mind, and announce! liuaseir ?s iho
medi itor their diilkultlea, procKimtng, outl e.tIV,
mat lit-; nit'diatlun would bo etl cact us aj bcc iioo ho
/rmi i e ' ilo in whoso name hespi ko t'ei.ulios from tbe
cintou". t ot;.er with all tlio thief citi7ons. were
Ktimuiunod to l'..r:?. in order to decla^ ^ ihe
mouiia <l lestorioK the nuiou, t.-ctirlrg i>o-<'?.
noil reconciling all parties <>f c ur.e. .*
W\.- arm 'I mediation but SwitrerUnd v. f weak and
ktat.< ' ..strong, v 1:1*0 lb declared object wa* union.
iK-.io n'.u tecouolllalion. 1 know not b all lb If v.. ic
..i i ill It ! b it t1 e civil ?r was i-tl.led, aud the c neli
tutw'n wai ;a il .ued by what is outitleu in history lU"
c! r,'?MVh a period do .vn to the pre wit m .tw ut int ven
i , in tl e internal a,ralr? of fdb. r nations has be. i a
. prictct? now caullonslv and l ea. eab v : n(>w i
0 > ;.*v. v and forcl'jtv. nw t lm-s it was ajalost tl.? ,
nulits men, ? mclitncs It was In theh' tavor. . >me
tlm'i 1 .. i wt and Kra-ce flood ?l(?f; samft.mea Iber
1 ok p n lhe longreesot Vienna, which undertook o
E. ttlo ih map . f Kuro e, o P u.i.e-l a universal and j. r |
{m>< i .1 ialerveull n in the rate: "*t Monanh.. ? <? |
iT.Ut . n, and c;e.iug dyn,U Tlj
rrn. tvii| nl lhe ('vilitfiC * oi A?X ?' ,*e. e. ? ' 1 * \
with ihc explanai ly - eclat at Ion ibat the l.fo ((.e.t
p. vT,. ? would ih vui a- i rls.Uc'1 ?: over i|o. a
1 1, i" oi.ci rniug tl, I.,!.' ii*d Im- '"t "f another I'ow^
, \c ;pt ut Its rop.Cft'aud without mviVing *ucU I -w
in' , ke iurt in the cm. on u.v>, I'ul this c uiroysioii was
nbv toils I y n i\er-c to at.? I movem?it. ^ W. #nw I. e
l .ollolv Alliance wu .'orn.ed t ,<h lsll> >"
t ot til > revolutiOM.iy |ri..tc;icuu of the age. but
I- munition I t yi.ud. t? lei h ...or, ^chn?dtueutr
I'l r otiirr rowoi P"
?.a and l'ru--i* did i. >t be^itM.. at tho < ??<< <??< "? '?>
hich in 1?40. to inH'l te an urto.d in e ventWr. fci u.e
.. u 'r -i'.n of lib. t ?l pi bit .olc m v-ipa -U ag-.iu l?
veal s later at the foogruai o( Verooa, these SiWJ '
Jrn ^elhirwi lt I'.au.o u.-tdM rd a mtleu arme . IB
le.vc.itt n to n.p|ii<'sj liberal ?-rloe?pl?? ui i caiu. wbirh
ulltio I t.y led lo the u*a. u < f il?-t k md"iu aud the
ovr.hrow o! iiacot ?tlt ut 01. I 1a: ' e w.i ihe Iwullg" H ?
a?cnt. .nd w tiM not be t nod a.,..',- alihou;'i the >? k<?
of We liii.tou at Vi . . u oil M' < auning at .."tr.e. -o >ht
to arrest u' r ..riol' ? b> tl" u> lietion o. Great llri.alti
which i-iediat ?>n *,?< d.re. tly -o.nl.: by .->1^111 aid <1^
re. t'v refuse I by I ran.- The IS.ilish Knvernnioet In
adnniu'ile letters, c?ii^oS"d wtib iT.unj isse4 ?*IIl ami
c ti <1 utit.| a noble 1 ,e <?! iiit?ruati. u >1 li v . d ? laim u
f... it- ii .?.d ii-nle.lt>. IV- l-ower* the right t? k-I'I" '?
ili'iu is if the Internul H. ;itni->n of ind-pendent .v He*
?, Hi tl.eui. a e I b B'lleaf -k lu ca-e .< rel.iaal ut.<. j
f hracnly .1 1 a e.l to the imperial a .0 royal mien en 1
ii 1 ut. tnal, '*?? loot as the t "Tuva' - and di-turhair ? ?
o ' ea n fhoiild be c?nfl?e?l wnl.in the rde n \ er own
lerrllerv fie* could not he admitted by tue I t. h >
eminent lo atloid any plea lor foreign Inter errnce. an.
In v.i I ftiiotlier u? t it repealed that ? a menace <* >.'?? -
?id linmbietit ?l?n er .?uld nloao. inex.-i^oul' '
ceneral rul?, lustdy lo-oign In' > ferencc. l..<> > ?e eil.e
,? d< of Mr. t'aruiug: but eren I or.l ( asiiereajl., 11
? te tiad Iisavrled the same liniltelion, Wl... 1 at n
' d'v Md tf'e u?.|tia'uioil s ipporl of I rd <?- and
nl l ord Abcr'oen J.Ully irtert*et?d they |ea, ? 1..
-?y i..r armed intervention except u t c.a-o of a.. ? n
? 1 imminent danger when a nation .like m md.v .dual,
m .? i> ? throwu up'n the greet r.ght of a?U d? c'e .
1 i .-real BriUtieh ue tes'i?.?ouy by what M e dd. ??
we.i .s by ?l t .-i>e lofn ..I m d?. ^en win',, r-- t.ag
lhe i.rmed In'erveelion of the gieat oonjpir.fjr. hei nor
eri'i.i.mt intorvei.cd -ometimce by incd an n au l >"?#??
iLo'.bv arm?. H'l\ in Ihe content heto cu ~(? n
I her co ?uie< she ? r eoied, on the Ii v ilai.. r> ot
r,l lo a.t as tn e-llat" .In th I. ?(
rec. uciliat n. but ?*??? n drained the i rd.atK*
whlcii sb? had v 1 ' 1 ? K-n IM: - ' ^ ^
nr. tain. 11 tanUy repoated h?r ofl r '
poriiim.1 she went inrtber. Indei th* conneels of Mr
Canning. wh.?eat?cli.<. tue '? anon was 01 tba wet
Sclnor'hie rhsrlr te*. !>?' !???? -aed by Inndin i: troons
. 1 1 1. n hut this luterventi-m wa- vinlicati . b? ???
..I, an >n? of trei.lv Next c ime ibe | eeter In l ie 1
I wh 11 toe 1 nriM u [ I '""' ' :
? llr..?l a protM- tc.l rtru<g!e an. to ?iv? Ihl' i.lassn
' L o. furkltb t> raony Here the flrM - te?wa> a
mg . .vita i nfio 1 the firreks l? the itritl h a .1
I I. 1 11 torerr'neo'i t. - th'ur m^lt ilton ? Hh the 'Hto
. n ".Tie r. ?? l*o ?e?.i .ethei with .n;lt.prof.
' itrr 1 |, de-ore, 1 intervention, whlc'i tli** 'ireek* at
1 feted sud the I ,k? r. ? eicd. B.Hlr bad elre* ly
ta ed I" e'y a ? m|Mii"d by harbarcu* mi ??ere.
; w iv. td > .be 1 -1 1 ' " ' ? '',frrir?,
I ill e, 1 'd hoMlli; . wl.t.'h wis win ??!?? d l??
I ' ,1 - , all ?? t Ihe f'lkid. IWt at Navartr.o
' ind U the Morn by ireieh
' f" v.. Al tell t"d.r the r ..lln.i-l me.lir?n
li.ese rowers. Ih -^;<e. der.ee nt e ?i r?
1 c.K'?i*?sl by tie iiti'-n.ui lorte.en.l ..r tlv r tree -t .te.
: r.m^ntt-d to fir< ' m , l * k ,ta |. sr.. m tbe U t.i y ? f
Vinra Pil med'-rtl 0 in T : k. V ad - d:l n 1 stW.
n, , ibe exam. leof t.iee. wa- |oi . jrr I hv I . yot.
1 5hT#p|??lii-:i.l?fciW K"*rm tAn.M.htll-l.s-.lhyege
. o .ear.s r.e le.1 In dupo >e. inglbe O |.;msn lw?
f(, ?r iopt 04 "lflfr i^-*'
rlvHwsr was nr'tarf -ted by te?.(, u in ^ejnent
l a- . r.ab m 1M3 W'l?. <!>? * ? 'n ,,f ' r "1 * , ,w
S I el il l' a ni 'Ii* eniled by an artne.1 m >di >1 11
TSii wbee a tei . Uaii uale and irrllnting - ??
IWO.w hee eiei ^ Ki ^ irritj
, \ ??If % * b?l w. en Gr. A lb iu?n -P. . - - 1 . X Mi
. if Pr aMlt by w1 ?' the l-vl.a waj com, ? d to re
1 1 ,. 1', o.V^i b 1 iai?|iie*ta * In* lie w..-? se. ,re.l ,1
1 a .verXul ?( y?iP', M ? ^
? el 0.5 rwte Iti^e, diw'- ^l ^
o f Ibis adjustment, ato?d aloof from the treaty,
which found its apo'ogjr, such aa It hud .
frst, in the invitation of the .Sultan, and, secondly, in lb#
I dPHurt to pregtrvo the integrity o( tuo Tnrknh e?til ? ??
: u.'Hfuittal to the bunce of power and the peace of Ku
I rope; to which reasons may also be addod tlio deai o to
| stop tlie e trillion of lilo d.
j IVeo berate tr.o Eastern qeestloos were aettlc-d, o' ??t
I ?om plica itois l ad connii'nc.-f! in Wea*ern Kuroiie. lu-l
| gium, restlieas fa. ii the (?'riu-.h lievulutloo of 1880, row
i apnlnst the House of tiranue and claimed her ir lependei oe.
Civil war envied but tho ,-ri l Pavers promptly Inter
I veiled, even to the extent ef arre? lug ? I?ut< h army "n
j ifs nureli, Begin ng with an armmtioo, there >
long niul (I-. ? upon negotiation, which, assuinun' the
I i bo allern itelv of ? i rifle m?d".1ton and ot an irtnod
J Intervention, end-d t" I at In tb ' i-sliblisho I sepal*
I Hon of ii from li'>||and , tnd it* Noognition aa
; an Inde cedent nation. Ito >ou n-k -hy Great Britain
Intervened on thi" ooessior* I.ord J? i Kuweit in 'bo
oourftio d.-bMo nt n subsequent ?. ay, declared tl t i
huocIiI nrntivo waa ? the es? M'ghnvnl o' s fr ? fo-ml' i
I lion " Me uiwb le th" j ? itni u'a of .-'pain and Porta *>
i was torn by civil war. The rtenta of these two kin ,'
: dome respectively nppeulod to Cre-it Britain and Kriince
I for 'Id, especially in the evnulslon m t'u pretend 'rim
' Carina I rom Spain, and the -.('tender Pom Miguel front
: Portugal, For this purpose U'e '.-iiadniple alliance "f j
tlie o I'owers w e fort e.J In Hit. The morat support d. |
. ivodlrnuiti a treaty I] tuld t' huvo twxvi Important; i
but Great Britain was com^o'led to provide tr?"pn Tin*
| intei-veution, fcow,pvor. v iu .it th i solloitalloo ot the ac
tual grive-on'.eritS. Kvea after tli J Spanish trout' ea
I w< re settl"d the war Pttll lingered in die H' tar ;
kinpd m. wlion t- IS IT the Qceeu appealed t n Ureal ;
Britain, the are ~l patron of Portrgal, to mediate ?"*- |
twecn heranlf and her incur, ni subec's.and the t pk
w is accepted, in the declared hope of composing t.io
diiBeulties in ?> just and permanent manner "with all due
rfgard to th di rity or the '~r?wn or. thoone ba"(l find
the const it iHI nil lil??t.i'io' the n.ti'non the other.1'
The Insurgents did n- c anWit un'ti? after mi liar y dem-'O
pint imns. t)ut peace :id liberty were tlio twe watch
writs li re.
Tin n occurred the l-'urcpoHn uprising of 1R43. Fra'tee
w ts -ir.ee more a ropubllc: hut Kurooe, wiser pc?wr , did
not interfere In her anvks, oren f^o much as to write a
(??tier Hut Hie c?re ? i* duleren' wiih Hungary , who o
victorious armies, radiant with liberty regained, od
the Attrl 1 1 tn I'OA-er only to I e arrestud by f e firm '<1 in
torv.-ntiJii of the Run inn Czar, who yi. ldcd to tli" dotib'o
prcsnuruuf nn invitntion Trom Ati'tria aud a "-.ar that
a ic etdful i:icu-r(x>ii<m mi 'lit extend into Poland. It
was left lor ?-i-anco at tlio r.imn time in on thrr
country, with a slrsogo inceiiKlstercy, to play the
l art which I iiHfia ha played in Hunpery. Itoni" wkieU
had rifoti against I' j t.^m|ioral powor of the I ope.
i id proclniuicC. the repnbllo, wa-t occu, ied hy a I'ren h
nrroy, which expelled th-- republican magistrates, and,
though Of'oen yonra havo ali-oady i.apwl sin e that un
happy act. the oeeupaiion still contlnnes. I'rom this
military inte vent Ion (Jre.at Hrltaln Kto<)1 aloof. In a
d'!epatcb. dated at Lcud >a , Jantiarjr 2H, 1R4S, Tx>rri Pal
merstoo has rnado a permanent renord to the I o- or of
his country His word* are as follows: ? "Hor Maics'y'#
government would u|>on every account, and not nnlv iiikio
abstract ortt<ciple, hut with relorenrc to the ^oneral inte
rests of Europe ai d from tbo value which t' ey attach to
tl' ? m lintonani e <fr|><jaco, Pincer"ly doorccate nr.v attempt
to f ettle tho di'leron- e? between tbo i'ope and his Pnli
iect? by the mi'iiary li tnr'erenee . r foreiun Power*."
It' t lie i;nvp Tin th-r point to the whole pi git Ion of Great
Britain, if contrast with Km. no. when ho said: ? "Armed
intervention to assist in r?'iilnliig a tnwl government
would b>- uniistillatdo " Such was the declaration
of tlio T/ird I'altrcstoo of lliat day. But
how much mor^'in.;ii?tillnble must be a^Ki-taiKO to f moil
n hi government . aK f now propesed. Tho lirltisli Min
ister Insisted if at the difteren.-es should be nccemmoduled
bv "llio diolotnatic interposition of friendly Powers,"
whi-h ho declared a much bettor mode or fcttlement
than an iiuthiritHtive lm;>oeiilri.r of terms by rireign
aims In harmony w^th tiiis pofcev Great Britain during
tli in game year united w ith K ancu in proffbring mediation
between the insurgont RIci.ianB and tho King of Niples,
the notorious Bembi, in tlie hope of helping the causs of
good covernment and liberal p Inclples. Not di^beart
eni'd l>v rebuff, these two governments iu united in
a friendly remonstrance to the ; a-?io tyrannical sovereign
aijainKt the fiarsh system ot political arrests wMcb be
miinlalnetl. and iigains' his cruelty to good riiizens
tlmist wiihiut any trial Into the worst of prisons.
The advice was indljtnant'v rejected, and the
two governments tliat gave it at once withdrew
ttoir ministers from Kaplrs. The sympathy of
Knssla was on Uie wrong sidy, and Prince tiortxclmkoiT,
while admitting that ' as a consequence ol friendl/ tore
thought, one government might give advice to
another," declared in a circular that "to endeavor by
threats or a mcnacii v demonstration, to obtain from the
Kink; of Naples concesMions in tho internal ailaits of lin
goyernmont, is a violent ttrerpalion of bis authority,
ard au open declaration of the r trong over the wck. '
Tbl? was practically answered by I/*r I ri irer'd in. e: "ei<
iuv for f.ro it Bnfatii at the Concr ? ca or i'aria, whe.n.^td
milting the pr'ucip'e ma' no rovemmertAas tjie rii-bt to
Intorvone l:i Iho in'orna! ?f!?lrr "f other uation*, ho de
clared Ih it there w.ire capes w'.iere an exception to this
rn; - tieoorne equally a right a >u a duty; that peace must
not ba broken, but lliat tbr.ro was no iwaci
wit'i. ut Jti't'oo, and that, there' re, the ion
Kress miis-t let the Kim? of Naples k mw lt? dexire
for an ameiioratinn of his system oi' government,
aud m?st demand of htm an ainnraty for political oii't
dnrs S'ifTerinK without a trial. This language was t old
bevond the pracli' t of diplomacy ; but the intervention
s-.hirb it pr' pn>ed waa on the side or humanity.
Hut I must draw this part of tlio discussion to a el me,
nlihou 'h the long list of InctanccH is not yet wxltuiMcd.
Kven while I H|ieak. wo hear of intoi venllon by i ujland
and France in theolvil war tictwaen t he Emperor ef < hira
and bis sub eets; and also iu that oilier war between I lie
Kmtieror of Rut sis on tho one bide, and the I' Ins, w horn Ii4
claims a atifi.jo fs. on ilie other plde boi with Ifc s tiiDe
renco, that, in China heiio I'owet-H have t il*Mi the i?art <?(
the existing gnvummei.t. whi.o Iu Poland they have in
tcrv'Mied again t th j existing government. In thn lace of
((??-.itlve dclarattoi.s of i.eutrality the llrilisb and l-reneh
Admirals h-ive united their loreos wiih the Chinese;
but, thus far, in I'oiatid, altho'iitU there lias been
no declaralion of rautrollty, 'bu inteiieniion bus
been unarmed. In both tUe?e inaUtii ee we witnens
the lame tendency, directed, it maybe by thn lutercsts
or prejudices of the lime, i id go f ir as it h i- yet pro
oeedcl, It is ."t li.'ag: ! >lai)d on tlie snle of lilierai iti*ti
i illois. "ut ai^' for h':m. .1 rooalstency? the l-'reu. ii
Kmpe.'iir is nun* inter* ct.iu/ in Mexico with armiea and
uni lea. to build a tbrouu tor an Austrian audi hike.
MKIT! II Ximv .STiON AUMfP-t xr M : ?v.
Hut lliere is oue kni cmitiuiMil KtMvntlM by (irnt
Britain which ppfiki U" v wiili contr illinj power, and it
U on thi* nc&'Mit Hi " I h ive reserved it for the <>f
'what 1 lune t<> my "ii ibiahMi Tbocgh uot without
'ii ifciiuU (hades of il.irk.it Iww 10" more tiirn l,a!f h con*
tury been a ?hintfij; cxainpta ti> lbs civilized #wM I
retir to tli.it intervention ago nal akivery which fr it*
first adoption tin- been s > coi aunt and brilliant . - lo
ruake us turret the earlier intervention |< r nMuy wheo,
i r Instance, i.'roat Britain, at ill.1 iwv of I treclit. i..ter
v. I'd lu extort tha dote<t?h'# privi eje ul h:i| plyl.'if
-live- lo Spanish Anit'.ics at the r.tte of 4 *0U ycirlj lor
the spi -i of thsri i' ve.irs. and thou ? iln at l lie |?aeo of
A ix in (bipeile higgled lor a yet lonper sanation to thin
i. ? >b>e inlii veal ion nay, it nlu.oat uul " us tenet the
I ,n..rc'l intervention . at once ui -t ?? >rdld and criminal,
by w lii' h iUi< hmit counteracted ;ili elii i is i r ilio |> o
l ib ii ii tf tlie r lave trade, even in <t? ow n ? iloniea. m?4
i in helped to fa- 1"0 M ?vory ?i n \ iiuiii.t Md 1 ar?llnn
l lio ib 'liii n of the slave mule by act of fariiameat .u
l>u?T tlio riinai or a ? li t ,-e ?? hi r>ry.
Hit curiou?!y. it wa* ibo whiten who ^iinod Hi?
0 rat fruits of ;ln- change iiv a in. in bn.' intcrreot i
l i the ni|ifNMi(m if < iiri-lian slavery in Uk> narha.y
M?t" j. Hi'* old liero oi Acre. Hir Sidney .-mini,
rel in-d from bi? long imur tooineat in Iist>?e.
. lit to "Uani/o a ' ho'y I ig'ie lor tbia intervention .
l .... mi1 ,*?! t wa - til c. -iil.it ibe touur?.' - oi Vienna u d
tlm a<r':'it; of spalu er.d 1 i-i I " ir ? . an* ; ? .-the ptmwli
nii'nt of their Pit iti al cu.gb'iorii nrmieu that n>.-e
t.re.it Erttiiii h id a', ollahod in iiaelf the trail i io African
slave*, therefore it ranjt h thai white* were M*h>ng<r
enslaved in the Bari?ry ? .a ten. Tiio a guu.at.i w..? I ????
I'n ic.il t U in humane, Hut 'ireat Itnt.iii aniletiimk the
.voi k. With a t.ept coupleto at all i ..ta. , .>? .tliiig uf
live line if battle fhir" livo heavy ui. ? -< i , lour bomb
v e? n|>. ami Ave gunb-ij:*. Ix?- d K: i. h ai>|irtmchi>d
AlHicr , wheio be ?an: 'itied liy a rotifi.iar ble Imtcb
i:mI, anxwu* ti iai." t>avt in ibia lii;err??lMi If
ion i' rout' lm reported I"' - aid tin* AdflUrai in iiu
geuarai nrdorf, " ?e bivo th'1 ? n-u sti n m' k n*.
Iiv that we light m lb" -aci.'d < t mo of r,:t.
ro. nity. and r .unot la l ot aurcat.". A single
?lay wa? aooogb with such a fbrce in aurh a c-?ur<?.
The formid-bli- cat le* of Hi ? ^!?a> alaveni' ogar were
t i tend to piern a, and ba wa i 'i?( ulled tj -|gj .< i rwa'v,
< nhriuodaudar > ^ Uuto ot twetity-oa _ i: ?, which in tt?
f i at art'de attpalatod 'Hnaboiilioo ol Chi - tiaaalavery
forever." Workj>n aud bene ? ? i>t intervontiou Not in
I or km to that ripoaiwl Inatance of autkiuity, wiiere the
t i tba^entaoi were r*|Uirad to a! oliab the > r ictice of m
criflctua ttelr own iiiidrea; n traaty whiob hi* l?om
r.kiied the noliUm oi h.-t?ry, bccai -? n wa- ?tipulited in
i .vor <f liuuian ndiirt. ibe Admiral, nbobad Uiua
triwnphed. w.?? niileii an an am ipat> i . Ho reoajvad a
re* rank in the |v me, and a new biazoorjr on h a iimi
?i urn Ibe raok ? m oonr e. ' nut rnic , 'm bi.? lamily,
aad "it tio'ir H'.ueM . iu parpatuai uainory of thi ceirt
I a: i ir.lloi' , is tllil borna a Cbrirtiiu Mu looliug aloft
t ho rr as and dropidbg I broken f. u?rr. Dut
the i<er?oaai wiiW.ietii as of the \ilmirnl acre mora
than rank or heraldry In hi*, d -? uich to the gov
ernnieot, ilo^ rihliu tha battle an ! writiea at tho time, h"
s.iva ? ?? io lia\ e been one of ilia bnmli a I ititlrunianla in
lb' Uanda of Divine rrovidrnte .?r brirg.nK to ,aas n a
leroi lau* gorernmatit at il liestroyiog f< raver tha In* .fier
alile end iMr r ul aymc o Chi i?tlan slavery, can nerar
re. me to lie a ouica if delight and beirt.'cit comfort lo
every individual ba|i,iy enough to ba employed is It "
Ikit i b vo -aid U? much with rvKard i I an inataiii e.
which, tb"u<h iiaautiful ai.d In^unt, may be regar.l"d
only an a parentucM" in tlio r'aiole' ami niore eilcualve
ialerveatton agrilaat African dtttrjf, ? i. ? h v aa aJraad/
orj,arn*inf . dtalineii at la-t in omtirto.? ibe w bole huni.ui
lamily. I veu Iwt'ire .i.b ror.o trtmnpbal lu 1'arlia
Mat, c.reat Hritaln intervened wltli N ;t.lenn,lu l <#>?!,
, io mdiica him tn Join !? the abolition of the sU./o
I trade but be Rat ly icfnsed What f arc# would
li t th.-n yletil w i< cMaried from oit^i(.il in
' 1M0; from >w'ilcn th>rt'y aftnirards and from
j lieiiii.a k in ISli An IBeflb' tual attemj t was
, madfl toeoltet!"paln,evw by the iem tailoiief pecuniary
lubaldle* . and ?i? i to eniiat the ratmred mon imi of
? rai. o, I.ouw Will. . even by the ?(Mr rf a a m of money
! outright or Ihe cA?:lnr of a Watt tn'hi Inland la conahii
ratn n of the iie'ii "il aN lit nr. Ha<t <**aiitnde to a bmt
. uct ir iirrvaiU-d, tiie?. .'owe a ? ilii n h<in reeH<-4
j but t was confers '1 bjr ! rd ' t nrr ?th, ir. the flrua of
( in.** tbat tb?Vi> ?b adwtiwt tha I r tirh ?"V
e nmont even tin r ? tin h tet cla*"? .f p.wpte. w IM
' ibo ifbt ihil ila re .1 Ir t' i? Itehnli was ft mpled by a
lie- ire lo inj'-re lb* l'reoch e< 1. 1 mdrt'inmerce, rniber
thin b) benrvi ence. I'"' th ? f ii-h Mtaiiter ? 'more
' an ceafftil with l* i''i , h - 'i ws? induced, b pei ii
iim e^alValenta. to cil' a ?up|>teitientf y treaty In
.1 imiary, laift. Ihit' ??! .>?r.| bv I ins dac'ar ilkwi of
t?i' i i'g-e??..f \ ie na, <>i. ,i?ii u . i/>ri| i aatleieagk. Feb
i i ? ? 1 HI*. 'I ti iiik :tie i*?* "?a ir
1 1 hi . out V "Il ibo | rloel|ile?ef hamanlw mil .(yer al
' bet mrf." Mearwbile Vaft-ieon raturaetf (Mm, Hi*,
an'lwballb' nnt'?bl"i|erv''nt en failed t t""?ni'?'i-h with
th- l!o' I" n m??n irtb, .? n 1 wnat i a I'mpnir Ml ?;*?
flat./ rrfuerd. wa? ti"w .in ani?iy .'roe by h ei,
do ifn ? .ii t'"e h- i'o (f i" in iiiti k i ,i ?i.|it>ni'>iit
II It udrct day* Wf p "rei .?ar - *uuin-ed by ari . r|
1 r ?aoc tb#ilab 'Ii ?U? !?"*.?<* i Irtn' ? and tvr c V*
r . !iv, ? XVIIi war uvri ra*!"r > ? liy Rrlttah arma.
a I with tho bad" a of Wat e i [? ?i | ?nca, r u' 1 ?? >
| do lea? tba? ratify ?h? impen .1 ir-liaan. * Hy a * .1 ??
eribct^t |H wa? b9?.rf>r<h ftrtr* ibrbH
uVTSll lil* m- si fViatian M stent y"
iTi-tii iiluu (Th' r i ,h* Mueiiee, ma accepted the
r^Sfffr85 \ ? ?zzv.ws
m i?ic a tift a i Proud monarchy , uniler '* m*
. v1!1 d ??'* Afrirwr h Jh . i t ^ ?;, ?
, i';L>oi''^a*mbo) y."',l,'0<l "? ? I.c?t> .r w?.i1,u.ar
! ?li,.iil.lo : Che trained cite '?!?!, Ui'i' a f' ,| ' ,l
I ti n l .?!? . HO..UH ii .if i|ie tr-. i o nortiiof
' ^L,TTc^ *|?0. alter 1S 50.II;, ab' t,| j,,
dV li te r?i ,v.' ^K'.CKM,. the I ? io.- or i ...
; *c.??n o,1
1 oi;j'!^rah,!li;rjrl los,K,n woui 1 ?>??'?????
, mi ...i.i 10 <. ry.it Ilrnaili In oomioero si advu i. ,
opening ? , (-real cMiiM.?uo HriZb Ztly* i i r
1 H : ? Ii wag liB;>OKHib|i) if tlmjhav? * ,
| cou;jn.<o umloMho^Jh r"r U,I"W" J l"
I VcrL^'oT'/^ K ""PeUe.it, JHJ8, aoil.rf'
I 1 '-.?"???ll.. Illl OOllllnu.l l,.|>r . VH'.'lll 1
' i H rVrV-r?/o'^ hUH| Sl'IVC'),'i. ,:<,r ?>< Ibl* i' nwi
w ng recngnico i by Knrui? m IW'ir, itwai eciim. ,i
I reiu irk or junt.noiiUI p, hlici t; I Hut > he "n.af o nie ,? .'n ?
boi own. (jcc (,( ihom ; ortravi her vivid v '-hi i. n
i toWMUit wa.- against ibo .irir.ci ,e r t ,* s ? .?
| tr.n i?. ami by iLis cru.ido undo I k"u in I ho in,,- i
hananily, maki' ir benxiir to ? deci.ircu proiootri- ,|, .
A r>< 111 rneo. l'tic: <? are 'he word* of u Reecl. anil r.t ?
. ' ' *nd." Oruude, which she IliW WHKOd anil tb? u< ti
lion which she liu achieve is that of "Protect c* ... the
A.rioanraee. In tiim.pli ii uuer ntio hai net lii-noon
t' "l wilB tmixHug bor m .gmaeiinmu ,yn,eu, (l?n th,>
Civ.hwd worlj.bul.ho ?a,wrml lt ho Trited
JTcn0" w?r? A,r,0%' who bv u'? '"""ir-rowm inu^
u n, worn KummoiiGit ti renounce a b.rb ro.m
and cr mm* cat m , ,r , ,ni?nt,ry ^p,r;^j(r^8
pe.t.fi tll.l in lS^O tbnro wc o twonly f ur f n..ljr>o in
fo.c?bBtu .*?, (Jrea. HniaMi hi;j .'oro.gn cn ilbol lw?!!
for Hie ?i|?proi?8i<?o or Oi ? gljy ir?<u, ant,.:-., f.ptv i.o
ol" Ar'rica '*lU8 tK,,W0*,"(;re'?l Bi-iUio and uutivu cI.io h
Hut th* intorvfntion wiw ilf>t only b," trp.inos -i wxt
.rn'ri rT" ro?I,""Jc'" <' nnd olrc.il irs. A ii.! h?ro 1 a-,
rwnch a part of thn object wb.rb Hl-isiraH. ihe vi. orv
or thw iniervwinon. / ,| Br|lwll ,nl(11u.T? aurt c. n ,',u
u J.? I y 0 ? 11l0y w'*r? h 'ld to everr acr\ i.'e by
w hie t I I.o i rtu - <} roulil bo promoted, ov^?i io trHimlatu '
,tln* UKaicn 11)0 Rial.. trade ^ix-ci ily
l-M ih i^" W Tre "oh "",||y 'L was .1.1! nrs,:^.1 rh, /,
ZX^\baUOt wl'Mh I/,r,! 1> inormJn ,/..!
.nilato t ? ti unnn.it lor f li im J>ur<>:>*) Co i??i, rtL-oru" i i
Cuba, Hrair.it. and ovo? in Turkey ?r w.:,r,
HuZaT,U' "'elr ?? ?bum MaV'ihhoation
ailboi'xb, cnriou-ly onoucb, it ?ria |n:l>li?h(d in Tn-k -v'
A.' -nr J B 7i' c'Juld "top at the iibnllti'in .,f the tr
Accordi... ly <.r at Hritain. by act ol |'i r iain.Mii i'i is I
cnrr mcli yod al. the slavoH in hor own pou. easiuoa :u d
iuel^a'v^'"^ l" burf,?'r tHo nrima yo . lofty c'ui,.p.
v i "ow "K""yd^l?io l IO bo .Inline
?i.i itan.nat posit v -cr-araclcr
? ln e Ixn d nlincrf Uin l'ofoitn .-<vfot.,ry n..d I ?
I liia hincoroly to bi groat Un??rfc Throuc! ,m? l.i, | , \
Xwz? " u,c vufio,,m c'"c"^ ?? vlui'b lias
nfirr i ng wl,ich wi" h" rememborwl hero
nfUr with such firaiiiodo. By hi* <Ji l macv b' r \'a .?
ly s Koyernmeut moailtntod into i va-t aboift m
?ociotjr, with the whole w?rH for its lied it wa? m no
r^cy tr.t1^^:00"? u;""",h '"nvJ.Vint
' ? nl '"h<l o in .lime, IK4?. w .tii t hru. u
Clarkaou , the pionoor ab.Jiiiooiat, aa I'MBidont- for tiiii
WronKOHl drclarai mua or thia <^rv?n i^ w re - h d
exproiwly by l,.rd 1'KlmerMoi, a, < ihe ^nrimom* ('V ?
.n ^ .y. H*r<JVCrm Jnl " *'?* ^'''Oi'inic .ted . n; *;"|'v 'o
nil i r.il li fnnction&rioH la (oroiifri I- ndR T4m rv?- ???,
tio.1 decked "the utier i of aiver^ In^a r H.
wdTbo^f i#ViVl 1"fl.ctG<, "P"0 "K miserable y ictinii?
( Dr iL rl ' y ? .0,nl/!oy *f ovcry mc"ls. KOrnl, p ..
rn Jii T l,H c Volition, nu objccl
ra at dear to (he m.-mb.-in ol tiio i nnvootion and fur thn
cvrsiimn.ationor which thev aro esiecially i B-wnbl?<l "
uiid inTrr' . .lnl:' 11,6 w,"lJ-'Jof lh" 'irittsb eoverumi n't
h.'.w. letters, were Kent oyor tho world.
TV.' ' Wl'8 Pot enougti to dcci iro the true prl ol,.ln?
l?. ,sl t.he co'orcod. H|?,? and Rirt. Ral h , K
Jb0 Sooretnry of (he Aoii Hayery SoUtoty wxf
Dnhiin Imi 10 C"B,e i0 tbeJ. cWtri?"
public icoliDK in faror of Ifio abolition of ??ur err "
?no the Hritiah Minister at I.i b<m u as dcoired by L r.1
Pa meciton ' to af!o,,l all the ?s,,s(?.co ,n7pr.,lc i<Hi in
UiK r ?-Vr,.'irr0UnR lh? ,,bect of l>!? .OMrnev."
Sided ror?i)tn couutrie, wmotiinc^ bick
?i n ii.*'" V MCO"ec,t'd by nn "??rel.-Cil.r4.d,lr"*^a
In. .11 tin: io r ruariera .,f tb?, biohe, mttin? rorth 'that
won d bo iiiiittlin; (bat any ol! cor Voiding an niinoint
onr^nd'ner'r,boid'we^^mM,8hou!d,tilb<,r,Jirecl|Jp
Thn . ? . r ^ '"Sealed in 8h.y? property ??
Tto jiar.jtf neolarr ?MK..r?, which ultest ibo universality
u'v'cjtcca ^cd Ih'o'r!^ irmfk,,'"4MU * "b whluU '*?
v nJ i t I C <jC8u' ?',t Hio Janeiro, in k( iveholdto"
.a*il, had among hU domemics three necro sl.ive?- t<io
? ?n<1 '"o oth?r t waiter and a womaTho
1' A ? D;,r"e 10 li^ cbiidreu" but be dij
0 III n?fl,1 ,Ht ooc<1"dor I Ho anil savory dittci|.lu,o
Bfi ?" te. and Vnil r?lroer.
ra w, on " Jn"a r""3|M,ch-, ?' eipre^scs his a,.
1 biaruon. in Ctiba, at tfio Una of t?m
Uli'd ?r ll? Itrit lali r.n-"0! " k""11 rW"dCnl olV'rf>r Hotd-OR
iinu.r ita |.i itiah ci own "who wna entirely frco rr.im i..r.
Charcot eonotenancin* slavery." Hut only a few^la?
a Hiwie^ l.rah8 'T ^ ?"?? ' KrS *? 'n. t
? Hingis iiritiRh f-fLcor nsidin? iliero who h?/i ??/?? ???
!rtu" ?li w,t! not Pr,'Wu* to rt'liuouiab tho
? dloua pracllce " this wasqrick w.frk Th a w,.? h?
Practice ?[?or. tin/to the rule Kvery pcrs-n h-idto- -m
0 ..co uodrr tho llrllish povoinm.-nt waa ronstraii.cd to
? his face against aiavory , ?..,1 the wi7?nTi,? i,. ,
j?,.
lint Imi Paimeratrwi. art lug In the name nf th? nrii sh
Jii&jed ill. 'in to lorbi.i .11 ,h,.lr Moctiflnancs -oshlm
;,"S r^WE?"S&-Sr A.ST
1 olanq.s \a;..^ e.i I I'ortu^'ii. all of which ? V
i.t .1.1 .y . h..d v i - !.l, d t.i litis lliitl-h Inters en'l. ii an.l
I n.m ir . ranged he. sell In the |,?t. N,.r w *J"
; ; , V' V. V'""'"' ?nl very life of tb?
i ? *i ? t wi' it v , i 'i'*'11 fa<' ??vora?iCnt t<? act
. l"1!1? 'imi ut ci o.1 in the way n .
i J. . . alt"'.-*1 or re' rfi.i,.a. To Ihe "rlnh of
'im i, ruling a vaat , oiillung shvc enipl-e lord Pal
m< r-ton miouoced the di-niro <.f |hj It, ittst, g.ivuntno i
l >s e the rondit on . I aiavory ahoU-h vj ,n every nan
<" lhewr.r.,1 "lli i- it conceited niucti g? .! ml I.I he
ano.nplirhid eve* in M. b.mmedaii c > nirie bv xto ,lv
pei \ uraur" and by u vcrom.lii.ig ui t .tie ady?nt -r
lav..rah!eoppnrtulitll^."nnd ??l!,atlb1 ? ' uh w-ml i l?
d- ing a tli nn' o tronjMy ac.:ei.tabte t0 the Itrl'Uh t r.-rn
nient and nttioo if he would ,?pm a decree in u,n? /i
|| IMI for a I Tfc. in ioptirehaKe slaves." i? n,0 s l ta?
i rkcy who:* mother was a slave wh..-e n ., ei were ill
T.1' "7 v r> <'ou,,',e""i*- senerals snd.i >m ra's
w ? reoriginiily shveg, be made a ? iml'ar ajr eai Sr.d I...
?. ght to w n the tfepend.-nt d.-voi bv ri-lnl:,,!! ? |,hn
that uiy In turn way co id h ? h'ipe lor Hi t -.?)] .???
?h.h va- ,1 ,ve,,:?i |,m f'v.-rn,?e t "
the coniiane ? ip; on ,.f , ? t ,.,il;li? w(1|
f ' ' V "" 1,1 " me ha an t.eej o lm . rt .. ...
lo tbol 'itf t .it tbia s (?'fi cann t be rive" e"?' i
uillv tin.tw the Kootlmeni* und opinions r., Ihemi.vii.
"I III' British n. I.o-I 'b.i'l he t . .or bin to t. e Tu Ii n
rnmeiil, and tl,-.t t.;e wb the I ri-.^b nation
.iti iirinio'.-ly ilusire beyond ii.tn ?? ivthin** ' .
? 1 ","1 1 " '?"k - ?l??v' . .ich a thu
ti.ne ?? he vim.'u ot i he BruLb I? pie PIT.. , rrnrnwe |
tl u ii'. ,? ' * no vnlcc had goo.< forth
Ibo n..iM > Codveut.i'n a^.iln-i fivtrv .
ng .rcd , whl'e platform were trnns nsed toto'
d. .1.. malic notes, liinlourriit n euee-t for unl ei??l
etna ii. .pal ion le. , irej thai ib'i liemlly inte-[s.g,(ion ?f
?r at Hrl aln . o. ld be -m-U.}. t no' 'nob-er p' - ? . ?
snd, as Ii t > . rown Hi n rk. in an d.lrr . to I rd ' ?
mei ? ten h.itnblf .n.l earnestly ii.lplorc.l In iord^hf. 'to
? a'ceiv eel th" lWl'>',.f')r '-Miuocllng the .iverllir w .,f
r-.a\eiy \\ UD th?- ?Hii-olk!stl.in < ?? peieo," n. .J ,| |h
morua we e at o. rt> ailopied in foreign d. aubei
as exprr-fflng the ffnl mci.i .1 ne,
e iiincnt. IViter watchworr'a ther* Cou'd rot i?
any mo,c worthy rib nrit.?h n.me. Ihere ci:i be no
eri. ilidatk.n of peace wuhixit the overthrow of luce
I Urn is as true t.?w as w hen Urst nt!ere,i 1 be refer, .i
Creat Britain Will b.ub'l to her rtguu! ral h n..r ,nn ill
abandon the can ? of which hew i the declared
t. tr.ns w i tho t ibo betrayal of j e?w, as wel. ? ,h ?.
tr?y <1 ol li' 'Ttjr
But etcu uow wblle I apea* tlr* ?*tne f napicuoua
fldeiltjr fci i Mere J ca<iM i? ?iinnnm-l bj n.c recrat arri
v.ili fri'B) Europa. Ilie rbip canal JWr ?? the l-thmi:? of
goes. (Irat attewpMd by the early rimr*' b?, nod at la?t
u dciiftkon i)y V'reucU illflneMt uiidet Ihf tuvpicea f ihe
Pi.ch? of Krypt, la mo?l gealougly . p|?wo?l bjr Ureal Pn
ta.n, for tho .teclarot rcMi'O tint lit ila conattucl'.ot
'?inriHfl l*b' r'" l" em, !'?) f t, u In h llila I'owrr ennnot in
c"rl?cien<.<, auullon N?t area to complota thH vnt iw
pr . sweat, ' bringing (h" f'Jist an<l the W??i noar to
getbor, for wliieh mm kind liat waited throughout 'ong
oonturlea, will great Hrit.nn depart from tbe tula whrb
i-he had bo florKHartjr <!? tared. ?'l ivery 1a wrnn,;, I ben.
fcro it cannot ??? enjoyed. Ttw cm*) must ?top If it
f allot Tni bain Vtno.it "for rd labor."
urtaftAi. rnivi; 1 r* *rru< abi.s to i>rnt*% twno<
And h "-re I >-:o#e tbc Ultit n ie lactaare* wblcb 1'lontr.ite
tbo right an'' i racUe of ior?igi' lnterr< nttor. lb<" whole
? iibrd will be r.-et' In ttieae in?tanre?, toachlrg clearly
wbal I" a vol I nnJ what to CoIIo<t. la tbta way trie I >w tif
B t|rn?, Ilk" bl lory, gt?e? IU boat leaeop*. rut f- r tl:0
aako of ptainBo** I cow gather up t> me of tlia ovarii
,iOU?.
Kre^n lnirr?entu a It erwri or unarmed. although
mm limine tbe tw? are not eaeily dHtlBfialabilile. ao
urvmrd inter**' t on may hare in u tt;e menace of arma,
|i may be war in dtaguite. If tbi* ia tbe case It mutt
I ? treiti d at* rd ugly
Aimed InterteBttoa l* war and nottiing kf*. fif courao
iT can be rind* <ted only aa war. aad It mum be reolated
?* war. Heltctntt, a I do moat profonndtjr, that w.ir o?n
Incvrr be a i ami but mnat alwaya be a crirte when It
r -asee to he a duty?a crime to bo ehuoued If It be not a
(tutr 10 be ptHormed gwlitly arid anrely, and that a na
I ii 'ii, like .-<n indiv .'ii.il, ia aot permitted to Uico the
I vvnrd "Wpt m n:<t a-> I detenre- t And the t*me linula
tmn )n armeil imerrm ttal, wbleh bri imea unl?>t inva
I ?l>u n?t in |>i portion a? l? di>i<aru from Jupi aelr de
I irT. t'nde ? tht* li ad l? itataralljr looiudcd nil t'nt
' iLirrTfn""1' ah|. h ii mored by a tyrai.nic.il or
I luiormeddlniR ?;>lrlt, bocaoM ?'"h InteeteeWn*,
I whatevrr ma? 1m) Ita t rofca- \rm*. i' r?-wnllally hoatii* ??
t w i<en It' ?al ' , 1 nwaia and Ai.rtri* pafHttaMd rntaod,
t ^^ti(>nth'? IHy A'llanc# hrtrnn ddted er?riwhere. ami
I AnifriO) or when Kna-tt inlervr-oed to
1 rrnah th? IB-Iepeniiriice nf ftnnsary ,m I f ire to crwh
I tho RnfM rOpat>ii? At ?ucH WI"HHil|iH b llnyal. f
I excnaat>le aod hihWmp. H? vindM'ntKni i au ti* fi?'.:id
i tn V III the etrminr* that in if hi IWkOg right.
i'tann"d Interve-i'i I la St a dtr"ren: chara'tor. If
fh r? -rly imarm'-il t in*? be rnrarled a? .-httnelve, bat
n'.i ho*ute. It may amnmo t'ic form ?r n>edtat Ion, or
ihe | t n?r of food'ii*1 <?a, at tki tn\llati?"?i of both par
| i * , or Hi t'te c.i. sof etvii war , at tl># ?vNalMn Of tbn
i ?!*('al aalh^'ty With v?ch mvitatHWi mta intrrr.^i
' tioa to proper ami btiMMi Wit'i -it auch iiniutt ,i
!? of iWibirm fUM*.-ier ftj> If kti'Hi Ui *.?
rmtrary to the 1ealr^ of l?,th par-iaa, or to
' bt i* .ft vt i?>9 arte** ??tb f.tf u g 114
traded country, M b' 'Ctnr nod laid
ui h.-iI)!h, unu r-? ub\ -umrly tin (he M-V of human ri.hu,
wliun iho act of iotervMioa ukce it* tlhuacler Irotn l!ie
in winch It w nia.ti'. Hut it mud am be forgotten
that. is ihu riec of .1 ritril w<r, any loedMiioa or, indent,
Any rrooor- itlon whi h does Dot eiij' iu submfrilnn l'i itio
or nil uilmr.tr, is :n it." imtor *'!v> rva ( i |h>t i.i'ho
' ?)'. f"r it .witnes 10 n certain c .'i i.t ii.o wpirilp exis
tence of tlx oib r imrly , ai d Mi inw k..' it temporary
I' mi . H *id oi'?>it unity, it our ji e eta.et.ci?. (on
(trc?*. therefore. v? '?< i ithl in dee a t" . t li r-i-ni I'owe-s
Ihit mv r< no\v il cli'uri m mcdiil.ou in in- u'. airs wttl be
roinVcd uh iij unl'ric <t ty act.
ll o c ii. ti other eh e i.f unarmed uiiervenUno which I
Cannot rtti""-e. I! i5i where u i 'irci int'- i rdrt? rr
i tpr)H . o< ih iavoi *'i human rlf!':'-, ft lo fe ire lio
1 o*i\ itiroxt ol inc c rnoi.ii wr'i)fi,ii u I ere Cr m
j ?mI i'i ?<! d. wuli iriMo Interce <111 , li'r t ?io M>
diidMl iTotuHl It d I b6 A I "i! ? v . il' v , wlma flfP't
I I! it h it! ami France <!..c'arod their lymp'diy with tho
G ?>??'>. 8 t- ru lie fur i . e Kuule ce. ai:d vhnre t!-e '
I rr. uu alone. I>y :m uu'innp tliplmiviry et li "rs> t
I ajPiinRI f.lnv< ?y I'vc vuli ro thf<>i vU ut til- u r> 'd.
! 'Iht wim I !.?? <n < i Ihta bend in <v li > taiuitund up
i brt.'iy. aii i?i:e \oiitr n iu 11m1 int . rit . I R'Nani r?f an
I other nation in c' li'mr*. la law and rfi'-on and ran V e
1 vi m iciKM otily Iij ovi-rriiiiiij' nebe- \j. I y it inter
vc.r.e by wir thru m t Microbe tin- t cc -?r y o' ??lf
do f a< a I you mt'i. vnic l>v inwli tin or t m. s^ u,
lli.-n ini.nynubn ab: kiuhiW i" l?lul if r.viliwtlnn
I'ttdn Ki'" -'I (>? human n turn in-nltrd Hut ih i* no
I'uwi'. v. l icli is bouii I I i .lug tnimine |?>licjr b .Mutely
an 1 11;,' and. il'y in thi.fc nou? ?li! b I eo ftxi'd
bey n l ih > i? p .In ity or ii-upit or chat :o ill if? r>,ipo
si'im lo nl ivci v, whiti'vur phi'w il in; y ownioo ?
rt lirtiior it l?! "ho unimntniit iirmcipH n' it ration
in.* lor* o.i labor" oi a mul ilurto ? or evo-n tho nci i ico of
ii 8a llary doilil'^tll'.
INTKIIVK'HON tlV If .virStTnv.
Ilinr? i.i a Pp;H i?"s of ft.ro i;'1 luiorvt titi.au vlvch Mta'ids
by liai lf and ln? ui ?v. n il u.-trnii.irti-. Tborcforiy I sneak
i?f il by il*. f. it i/t ? It ru t loruiuu I'nwur uuilo. tal'ott lo
MioiKleJin tiio iuiii-pc'iJetKM (.f n wl ti v or rrnvlnco
v liir.h hat; reuouucod l'? in iminl al'iis;tarxi>. tun it innv
b? com pond iiniiily c 'lied ii?l?rvetiliori b. teoojnttian. Rn
ti'ifftiiu n olio la hlricll'' uppiiciblo 'to the act of tho
original K'.vcrutnciil, rcno tnnntr nil claim of niin
giiime ?:i4 at I i?t HcUrnm odjiui* Ih't indopotu!?nri
niilch had bwi In did i e. Hut it b an a t of
iuici vonlion unly wlirro a loidza (.wi-rnmo il st"P-i
belwc n llio two f ?i. rt !<??. (If roiir:-:i! ti n i rinitnl t'>.
vcrntnoDt ia bo tar minder of i'.K |KKi|?itnt that it may
( ilH own limo nl tnaKtni; this r." . ftii'l 'ti. I"nt iU?
<in'>lnm ^ri o-i at wlirt liino n d undur i ha'. rirciimstail
0C8 ran Ihia irooguUton b - innio by a for' ign I'ower. H
in obvious that a ivconhiL i.u t>r?i|?ri- it oin- tin.o an 1 nf.
di r npociai i i c iinMiiiu " >? mild nrt bo : r p<tr at an dhor
and under mlforoul clrituinalanccit. ldr. l anuln : t rd v r.h
rcl'Ti-nco lo r'pr.u.-b America, thai "If bn id jt!"d hitn.-el!
ui>oa any thin - il vim ut -on tho Ptibjoct of ttn>." an J ho
nd l. (1 i hat them were two waya of procoedi :|r. "O.'C wout
recttli' -ly a.-d wiih a hnrrioctr.our ot.i thenli'cct, which ,
t!) u,-h soon roachrd , initfht ho ulm^.t aa goon Iuri and
UiC illirr was by a m.r-o Ho Kit ictly i;:?r?l*d lint it.
prifccpV w aa vl"Ht< d a' d nooircnco elver lo oiher row
his" 'I bona are wo. tin of wlau aiater-mir l.ip,t:ou thov
pre-cul the |> iictuvi| .jii; ?ti..n t%h?:!i m i I .? ur i . ? -ry
c c ? of r.-i ' Htsii ion. \ytnt coodltkn of tho cootrovemy
will maiily lliia tutor-, uetijn?
At (! bore n.; ?in Mio uh-.p mailer ein hp pxttlfairod
y/rl wl"?1! "f li' J ?r f'hal <?( .-wit
ifZ i- J f, 0 " v,it-i 1?W7. bv l>r,'ik
?* . ' "" .'??p>h:irp, wh ? o original .. I ?
lho ind??n!"i'C"'f,n.' I:"' I UOl ack'.w'odtio
lodeiendenre of ? li , rcpubii until tho peac <-r Wp?t
llDiili*, moio tlji.'i tU:co cnturics mil a I. .If after t'o
l,.n*h-?l ruf'T.K" , lail Mcanwhl'o tlio car
tonsil J llvpd lbiouj/1. ?1:? vl. !Mti:de? i f war. or,. i n
an . f.omivllc, ntd bad forme I treitlee with oilier rowers
incl.li It K t hp l-opc lfc;o,e I .? . .-ienre w .? m
o??,WJ 2 r'Ulrli o-. 'rr W IHom of
Ut.it. go. .r.mrtlliR ' li'li'.- tiH>''p-Hb'p : "trv.iicr? ;,nd with
a I>rico sot jvon llic te.id of Uip;i iI.,Mn."i- Stndbo|d<T.
P , rrliri.PTV"" ' U? S""'"n ""l '< 1 ' 72 ''''loU-iPe I
pf . < .? "f i'.i.lip II., a-,1 der'ar.- 1 litem
rn,\ h'ftory of frppd. tn II. i, ? an
10011.'. Lil t epoc\ They ucm froU-slunM. hut. ling for
, L I, ^ ^V,eJ? Elisabeth ? Engl.mil, who w m tho
am Uhnr t? < >.- indr pi dm e,
Slid nliortly nficTwmiln gave to it military ;,ld. Tin. run
,rJ?t;,lucd on ",0 Nl'1" "r "!"' ' bv If'" ne
,?f, 1 ,!ld N'mola. nn.I an Hip si V or tli ? Infant
[-roatfbJm M ' y'uthf?' 'ale"! Of Ma.trico, roa or the
i : 0id I't'w.T-: Ktjcd Ml K.I-. In
I-M S^tlaod which wa? l-roiestani, ?|??. linrl(.r .Iamp?
^ ' f'm ' I'-' -'.u. l, ire .led with
I' r^ .LV j province* Hi gticcMaor* or the ll-.tig- . ?r
inn .nln11' " Ae**r?--?. ?ud in 15?ti in.cm.lgo .mie-ed
w,lh ,L"n- I!ut 111 ' *'?? 'is of f.ntn
?? yT,np: .?.r 'l ?"* u?*? "10 I"*"* "f W. t
."u y *',llly ?VOirs a'1'' T ,,,r I U'-'riv
Jf.?r M -ye3nb ur 1,0 de?IaraU<.n of indni Piidci. e
nSrh V? T' ron;<nlod *?? ?1'0 rmoci.i!|on ??
Dutch ni..c;:PDd.!P<?, \, r (J.kjb tl. - c^m?le?und
? ?o' h?Vtn Uf i ParlV <1"Jr i' 1W,
H . ?y fr tt:1 'l ci . c i :.e-M;r
In ir the IMlke of Hra ;nn/,i j; ?? A
jot lijd scnrrclr |.ar<d wficn rh.r'r? | ,r r,p|;..?i
S " i,u 'ho it :>w : ovrrpi n. Tlu- r(.| tp-t
h.darP^ToaPd.buti.ot the Calm: f..r It ^
nd* 0 CU *yo'r8 thu,sl"'n ll.U l.l her icCMf.
rPnTn,V?rf"D<i lh" ^U:,n,lr ".f0nn ln 8'w? in 1 "'"If ' a
? i i i V'1 I c .nie (.? the next hi>t >rlc ir : t -i.co
win b is ho interest ing to ng all, wh.lo a pipm cr.t it
dotnlnuios Ihp wb..lc li.m. Up |o,v. b
m 'i' HJh9 C"'r.nt,T/. ,h" eiuntrr br ko forth
II Moid on Iho I9 b April, 1J?C. 10.:. ; ? nd. I., e
el . i led . " th" 4i.|, July. 1776. Kattle, , ??,: ? | rn ,r. .
Ir|..ret"o itrandjrvj! ?. -a?.i..L-a, f.,i! ?c.l l ?? t: umt
0 ih n'r.Z't- . was yol uiidprMcd , wl,.*,i
*' i1,1*.'1 Ih tebr.iary. 177.1, 1'ru.cc o.' mto ,.
ire..ty of amity nod muiraprce with th,- t;,.it. d - 1 . . a
c mtalutiM?, nmon : other tbin.TS. a rpc.^nltKm ..f ilipir
Iii1p|. ''i.Ii i:Co. with iu.it .nl nlpulaHo:,, I. ,f?
1 m. I.ui.p. to jiri-l. c! tl.- . ? miiiprco . Iht dthpi bv c .n
\"\ 1/n tl;.. ucivin. ..inn a'T attu I . I no and ? i->.
"'."it- I i.V hi' it in' \ty ?:i """ 1 o; yur' 11 wa< c. ? r,.?
1 . it. .1 10 1 hp Hritl.il. g. vrimnnl by tno rnm h A'. b ?
;aJ?' n, ?"???'?"?"? u .p m ihtb
[ 1 ..up, I ^t.itf* ?'c de-c .iloil aa ''in full ,..n -r ait ?
j l?d> p -ii.lpiire pronoimced by thp act of 4ih .!i;lv 17-.. ??
and tlip l!ra -.1. gnwrnmont in uarn.Hl u,at t|jr> V-. ' ' .
I-ru.rp, "in ? nlpr I . , rotwt eT.ctlvely tl 0 Ipjtmnm
| c< nnnprcp of I?k nibwt.? n:id loftmuin the honor of h <
A?..'ri' ?- I ,Nl|h '-'".led S'tf ten "
A lurtl.or treary <4 allianc ?, m l. no do. I .r*d ol. pi t u w
J'V'.1 01 ll,c t"dei? ixlenco . I ti.e I'nitc.: sut.*
bad lot.. n,mea r t. lb.. g?np day. but Uils
w ?H t p..ni.?>ml i,tnl, nor IS thoro anv eri.tot.-a thai
li no %i i' 1VU "rili"' C veumi.nl .it t'.p
lime Hp lomtnunii atlcn <4 the oil*.- wucuouah
Tr 1 w.ih Ir i ise:f Hn o; en recoumtl. 11 of tho cpa row or'
with ? prci 1 L.-of piotccllor t<> iia cominorce on I lie ocom
WIM..' lit- vvw u ^ >a n.^r-ni bntwepu t!,? iw0 .... t:<?
A ?' "" ls* re-.. ?' I a arm.-'n ,n
eMI-tlmit , . ;|,..;f , a. t ? a(t t .v,vr-d a . I ox
. .. cl I..- iho cirruni-t.ii ?i?|,.r wtii.-b it ua- ma te?
1 "I 11 ii.enac.-, bv ?. I, it .
. no itjie. ? th:* catxle?tlip 1 reoar ti... < by u I i i, it
? * p. ^,edi"1--anrt ttip c >n,l . 1 . eri.l,, a,al Jnrui. h
1 ? .nm -ic... ?!,i l. r. r our- Int.. 1,?.| b - 1 (li!f.v.ud 1,.
. v.a til I.i.d.'i t!..' All . V r.. < h i-., 1 5 1.
wa, ?o,.ce!t.-;b. Iho I ,-i: -|, ?v. ru?,pllt "
in trster w .3 K-immanly withdrawn fr.,,, r.r., all
JiPiHlnove. 1, ?,,i ,h I. . t'o. h n r/p 1
March 1. a ihp ? ? fr -in lb. klne w < bro'.uht '<| ,*n to
larll.inpjit, WI...V W ' hi 1, at ,r of . d<>ci-.r?iioii
? ar , ... , l-'r ? r v !,, ,?u d. rl,n||on fhVtrU no
? 'I 1 - till. ? li, It tho t'Oitr o: a-otr. doom
ni.rie, 11., mily e innumi. 1*1 by ih ? ! .ei. h
d- . u." h ??? '.pti" in ? ! by l.i M , pftv a a 1 " 11 ,.ro
v<p| ? d uiii-isi ?urfrp h a r.u tho ho. or of hi c. ma
.uod III P luiitml into: t- .-.r In* kingdom r nlr . lo
. ' mm I:..inrl0! 1.1 the r Rhisof e.Prv
01 pN?;r:rh ???? - >"'r <*'<??? .> , .?.? r. IS?
-i to. \.ar. h. Hi-' ' . :i m >? ;. nci.-.- of it... t mi .1 y- .tc
wdh aTlbp0,' ,nV. "r,Ki"K Kr
"J "*, '? VP ? ' i,,"n5' " ? rtkj.I by iheCo u-t ttf
\.rH?i.l. ., If. lh r.-; 1?, aia Ivph of a .vo.p pn |- .?.-r,
Wai I U'twe-n I . and fJi. r.t Urll^l'i on land
U t>^ U.* 'I <1 : |?.IU n tftm ?rfU lo ik nj,t
ag.lntit ( r. at I:rif. . V. I. ... . 11. , , . , , , A '
o .' . rov ? ? Hi, 1 .-irri : ? ?, ,.0 j Kt
lain )|i Soy -mb 1^'. a know I I l.o 1 1. it.'o
Siat. s -lo bal.ae . *of. ,i.n nud Indep ud- ui . ' and do
c n ?? i I he bountl i iej? t lirn
Tbp -mpcp ji ..r . o!" Ill 1.1 indp|M>r.dencp ?r?t eontarkM r
, and the . -ti. gl f..r ,t mcientad aoothpr hi-torie nutairtwi
1 ?" " *d?ndc.nnii.iui.g:i p.*ccdmt. if poMibto.
t . i.tere* tln>; till, Tl .. w^- who,, tbo Spw.j,!, c..lo
In'Tica, follow. ih- north- . 1. a\?mp!:-, broke
.1 vav fro 11 ih^ c uutir Mini !.i c i ill r>i?? h-u
ind -i-ud.-u, Th - .outeat b^'m a. r, |v ? l" O b tT
w 1 - ...ng c littoiicd at.J - to:'.;p.l over -ui imminM ie
H 01? rom vpw ll< *1. o and ? 1. Torn la m tli.- V..rtu to
1. .ip II in in tho S ..,tti- wa hod bv two v..f t ,f.
tr.v- ? 1 l?> m *',u riv?!M a: I bv I t, n .
?-?- ??! 10 . i-e-l w.:h i. w\n.l'b Vlrg
w-th v..l. inlc iik- At !.?? th- I11..1 ..... , ,.
that II ? ? r.c i.-iil p. wpi o s .1:1, h.d practi .1 v iv . -oil to
Pt.-i-. boj.i.I a ' ? .t i,, .. ,( r.'-i.r -, .
Ilia! Ill COII'I *?. Id.' I. a In tt vi,-. d ll.c lade'oiid
?-n ? (? . PIIPO and i.v.i ?t|i. r proving..-., r r tl*., . 1
wag ap,. r...ii bed oa'y aflrr frwtu<nt debate In Cor.i- .. ?
Wberr Henrv Cay 1.10k .1 r. mi p.,,. ,
ni -1 ... nl 1 .do .tun in the .... llCt, ?h ro
?l"hn yu.ney Ad mi.as .^p- mtary of -.tav . .h'J uiauilie
4 ie? ..n a t iho It?ht ol but un? ir|n<-p.| kiiowlr lce do
rived Irotn i?n* i r..cl,.c. *? w?ll from lab..rioo? at.i l v
of latP t .at,. mat law. lh ud ,..eot on thtg oCi-|. n
m I ^ r*mdcd ?? ?n 1. ?tl,-,rlty. fre?tdent Monroe in
a ?p.'CHl t1.e-. 41p, on the Stn 0- March, JS22- twlve
1^7 , .7 '".V", 1 ">? .tt-ntloa of Con
gro-? tl. the Hat tl..' r. nl.1 uMcb bn lai i "l.id n-iw
rr" bed Much a fiage and b?pn at'.rxiel with i<tru ?#.
fhn' m ' i' n!.'? "" l''" ^7 ^ ,b' ' l'-?? t r e,
ihe m --t profmin l onaiderat.on n,.?tber tho.r rLhi to
thi! r .rk of I .dependent uatione with an the ad<-fi ,'a?ea
liindpiit lo it. id ib' lr interoonrae with the Un.tPd SUt?*
M not cmpleio " Afler leltiug forth lb? far o coodi'
lion of tl> i.g? he pi.< "p-ied: "Thoa li a mini'c-t ttai all
Iho p province ?ro n.,t onlv In iba lull po,ojriiieolofthp|r
Indei ?? 'et r?. but, considering tbe tuta of iba
war and other r.irrnnntancea, tUit there ia not the
moat remote prospect oi their Iwlng deprived of it " jn
protwelng ibelr rccrgnillon ibe frpsldent eeclared tbil t
was done ??ui, dor a tLvrouph ronviritoo that it ia in atriet
accord with ibe law of n*n?os;" aud nirtb"r, tb.tt ??u ,?
not Lontemi 'tlri V> ch... c? thereby, In Iba sli htm
manner, enr> lenu y ralatior.a with either of tbe t?riie< "
In accordatic ' wit ? tUla reeommaiidatinn rooare.a mm
tborlxod tho recognit a. Two years later lbs same thin
waa donphy t;.eatB-|t''n, aftor ranch debate, diplomat ir '
and pariiimentarjr. Nociaa of In'eroati <e*j ^
i b?..o il ii traied by a clearer eloquence, an ampler kn< ?
' kKlgeo.- a nurar wiadum. The <|p?pa!rb-i wprV wriu-n
| by Mr Canning and nphpld by h:m ,n P. rlun??nt b'|
Lord Llrsrpool to k part in the dtac.m.on aup
, clnctly declaring that there could be bo ru'bt fn
| rei-ocnitiou "while lha onieei w?a aetntUv ?!>
king M," a eonrluaion wblrb w.j ,,iU||o?a'y but aro'l'
to enforced by Lord Landa-lowne and nobly v 5.
dicilp.1 ia aa oration, r. viewing thp whole ?oh IS
hv th .t g'p.'t tnhltpi- f ?ir Jan, is Jfurklnmah Ain^
c lt.od I i a< .gniiH.u, but a<linitt' .1 thai 11 c ..ld n t tak?
|1 -..' f -h.. aa Ibe otltf| c ,|?t
, . * cxbb,'. a tnppoulity"
t. CM. so lo. I If ill. c tuO.ti.tjls wpto lo't to lUotrjel ea
1.. v t -d ?'??me / pp do-Aifni ? flu I ilia
5#?nl-h Mr.'n. lh Ibr tith-ul tho whole roniiomt waa re
?1 e l to* !.<e.at' . t. V'exl. o, ?n l? and ub lha ra.at
j of f hlie and a sm .li a my in I'pj^r Peru. *b.? In Buen.w
I A/rea no Spanish .-oldbT had g't ro. | f..r fovrlPei. rears
"1. Ibis a c t. U*l. sa d Macklnt-h. "api^oarh.rg to
e>pialiiy la It s.,rTlr.aet to render th? it, de|?n.leaee of
s i. h ?. ui.tr> doubll nl* I?wg u da^^vs lto> t.ins u" a .
coot at - It ??- rot uotfl IK1 II, at r.>Pii nma n wu ao
fat to m.1 iud 'PHiUao,..', 1|?;?
, followed In in*. and CtaUllia pride relented la 1932
twontjrHwo fear a from tbo Drat date of tho contest
The next licence to that o< Greece, which declare*
Itsen' ^dependent January 27, 1822. .\ft<T u fiito.it ?i
mnr? til.*) Hve yean, with alternate success urn) <11 a u.
the greet fowers Intervened forcibly In 1SZ7; but th<
li'i.ti rcungntti n m evtp ?ed till May, IV2. Tlt^a
came tho inabwicn of rf?t* |nm, which dori ired liself ln>
depawUot in October, M3?, a d ?*-? prom: tly rcc *nlz?l
by the f real Powers. wb*? totervrocd f rcr ly lor tliit
ptirrv g ) rue la.1t in?t M.oe-H levte, which rterierod i(?
Indepcud'nne <0 f!ecsinkor, UIJ5. ?-d de'ealnl the
He xic.in army under Sana AMia, maklnc him pfsan-r,
Iu lS.*tu. Tbo powor of Mexico aeenu I t/> b - overttrrown,
but And >'vf J ii'kxou . who wan thin President of the
I i 't'fl State*, In hts Utaim^u <t IVcemkor '41, JUT5,
laid d >?n the rite of cauFon a;vl m lien oir
?- ucb an ocoasl n.as olio ;c!:n wVd; -cutout or
a nour Stat" is independent and cni.tl.-d 10 ?
| plane in Iho family of nation :r is nt all tim.1^
; nn act of |tr?it (*?'iraey end reeporfftililty; Nil in"*
especially ho wb<Mi soch State bos torclNv aennrnted if elf
, Irom atiHtbor, of which It. had forme l ..n in'' ral .'srt,
and w li ch still claims dominion over ?*? A |>r?ia?t'irtr
reco -nitlo-i ur.der these cl-i a oft inees . tfii-.t look -r ? i
J iihible tviesn ? f war, to ..l?r 1 va luh to b ? re ?? <li '
;n a ir>,' of no unfrlocdly ipii t At >1 1 ?c Bel" led by
pr >' o-in? th.it our co mtry iho'ild ? tro- < id f" until 'na
f|iicBii n win dcci'le t "beyond o.tvil or dli, nte." :? nn?
ii.onovt year ? whon tho c^ntoit had prac: hrt ly < >'i e<f
and only the claim romnie.1? ih! . t ? ova- Fo er ivitue
l:now!? I#. <1 by tho United Katei, w1m> ? errt"llowe-1 10
1H4.I by Great Brrain. France anil Pol^um. tt< n ??f
hnne-ctd to ihe United States in 181.., but at '.bis tiins
Mcx'.ou had not Mncd 111 tbo iteueial rcc gnlUon.
I'RIV (fw AmjCAFt* To R* OfNtniy.
hct or* IM historic tnaiannna ?Moh ilhnitrata intor
ventiori by roeo?uition. As in Ptl.cr case;ol lr.ti!rv >u
Hod, tho r?c.?rnlli'Hi miy be armed nr unarin<?'l. wl!*i an
Intern ciilat" c se, w lie. -in tho reoo^iiltlon m iy n?em to '
aonriui <1 v.*hon in reality it n arme<1, a.i wlion Kranca
?Imply nnnounced Its rco^Rnithn 0:' tho Indepo'idn.-ice of
ll:o 1 11I I'd -^tutoH, and nttheeamc titno prepared to main
tu ?! It J.y wnr.
Arrno i rococnitl'in 1 1 simply rpot/pnllion by c-eio'nn
It is a belligerent act ronstilutlng w?r, and it 1 ftn iv? via
d*!?tert on'y a* war. No nation wPI u".dort.ibo it, vin'-pt
rea.lv to n, i.imo a'! the rripon nbilillas of wir, 111 In Hin
ri cent cn?r* of (iievrt and Kel(iiwn^i:ot tu| montion the
reeo7n-,ttaj> of tbo lTtiltod Plates l y Fraooo. tu'. 111 it
leni'"t, un lor the rtliso ?r reroynfti n, to coerce t!:n dis
mtmiiierment or J> irtltlon of aeotvtry Is in Its nature of -
fen-ire beyond ?irdtiiHry war; ecpaciitUy when the o 'tin try
to bo ?<icrillo,ed If a r< ?? ubnp an<t ilie plotters n^i'i^t .t are
rrew? ed heads; I'roceot'l v fr^m iho ct^'ciousne's of
brutal |Kiw?r, such an at'enint is an innilt. to mankind
If armed "CO ntllon nt any time can And apnlnuy , it will
be only wlie'o it Is "inc.erely made for the protection if
Iriman rleh:s It would Ixi hard inoiotlemn that later -
ventlon which saved tlreoce to fn^dam.
I n trnied recognition li wheri a furelira f iwer nn
knuwledces in Borne pacific form tho Indepentlonce of a
C'Vmr or province nif it st. th?o'nimof ilsorirlnal ffiv
crnment. Al hotipn eclnding a l le^. coerci n, yot it
cannot bo tmlform y iua'IDe t.
no Riro< tnmnit wtuttiK inn mim is arm nttmiri.
Ar.d h"re wo urn brought to th it question of ''time."
on wbmb Mr. Canning so iioinicdiy piqued himself,
nnd to which Prusld nt .lnclr??"n re erred, when hu
s> 'p'S'oil tlmt "a prom store recognition" mi^ht
lie "Ki' *m! upon us instill ible cause of war."
N'othl-g Iff m'-o oJcar ill n that recognition may ha
favor i at one time whl'o It must be rejected at another.
So fur -s It'nssutues to ascertain ilafcta instead ul mct8.nr
to anticipate tho result or n conies t, it l-< wronrft l No
nation can unricrt.iko to sit In Judgment on tho rights of
s-other nation wlth' tit Its consent Tlierefneo. It p nnot
<1 ' lure that ?> jure n colony or 1 rovlDce m ?" billed i > in
<l??p i done b'lt fr m the necessity of tho iitse tuid that
Ioternatlon I Iptorcot rse may not rati, it nmv ascertain
the fac'H. carefully and wisely, Mud, on the actual evl
Hoi, rp, it miy declare that dt facie the colony or pro
vince appears to be in possession of I- dependence, which
rue us first that the oriPii.nl government id di?.
p., <ifw<?HO't beyond tho |H?sihlllty of recovery; and
r?rondly, fh.it the new government has achlcr
e l th it reasonable stability with fixed limits which
gives assurance of a solid Power. All of this is limply
fact and nothlnj moro Bnt iust In proportion as it for
eign ration nnllclpatee the Tact, or imagines the fact: or
substitutes its own paf"Bion* for the fact, it tr irscenda ibo
well defined bounds of International liw Without the
r >ct Of |rdnpendei,co. positive . J fixed, there Is nothing
bute claim. Now nothing rati lw> clearer than that while
the lorrilile lit Icat l"Ti Is still p ndinc a d the trial by h.it
tie. to whioli anneal lias boen made, is vet iiidceided, the
fict of Indeptvdenc ? cannot exist. There It only a p:tper
independence, which though reddet>odrwi!h blood, is no
b -ttor than n paper emplie or ? paper b'nckado. and any
t ^tended rec?ir"itl -n of It, Is a wrongful Intervention,
iticonsis e t with a ust neutrality, Mnco the cbvioua ef
r ct must he to encourage the insurgent party. Such haa
beeu the declared Judgment of oar country nil Its prac
tice. even urn-tor circumKt mcea templing In another direo
II 'n.and q"ch also wa? thotlee'ared judgment and prao
fro of Great Britain with reference to Sp mlsli America.
Th" tv>. cln?l<tn, then, la clear In order to jusli y a re
c cn't-in it must a;'peiir bayed doubt th.it /!' f icto Ilia
cutest is tint: Im*1, and thit </- faeh> tlie r:o.v government
I* established se-ure within fixed limits. T'.o-e are con
ditions precedent, which cannot he avoided without an
op?n offence to a fi iondly 1'owec. and an opcu violation of
that International law which tsti)" ;:uarrtl*n of the poaoe
'if tho world. It w I'! bo Tor us shortly to Inqulro It tbero
he n?t another condition precedent, which civilization In
tins age will require
l)o you aik now if foreign Powers ciu aclcnowlodgo our
slavenionper embrvo r.s an lnderet dent natlonr Hicrr la
madness in the thought. A recognition ; nccnmpa'.led h>
ti e breaking of tho blockade, would lie war? Impious
wr.r? airalnet the U Ited "-talts, where shvMivnjfom
? culd be the allies nod ?'? very the ins 'iratlnn Of all w.ir?
In history none mere accursed ? i one more sure lo draw
down tifxin Its authoru the ititlgtii nt alke<r<>"d and
m in. Put the thought of recognition? under existing clr
r.i.in tances? wlitlo the ontHeat ts Mill pending? er"?
without any breaking of the blockade or nttem .tc.l oo
C'con.lsa satanl'- atosutltiy. hutdly lew impM'tts than
the other. Of oonrse, H would uniilonblngly aseume that,
I i fact, the slivcmonrf H had already *u ceedt.-d In e?tab
H*h!re an indejiendent nation with at. M troubled govern
ment, and a secure r.on nrmati<iu of territory ? when In
tact, nothing It established - nothing |s untroubled ? n th
ing Is secure? n"t ev n a rlnelo boundary line and :!tore
la no element of Independence except tlie a idacions at
tp. pt when, in f ict, the i itti!!:ct is stt-l wired "n iiunier
oii-- buttle fields, and these proton. le * lo In lepandenca
havo been dnvn from State to Stitc? driven away
from tho MH#ls-lppi, which parti lhe-?i ? driven back
frrmth? sea which *u 'Monde tnetn? md shut up in
the letcrlor or In b'orltided ports, so thit only by
ate . 1th can th?y commurl. ate with t hp outward w orld
Anv renogcltlon of such a iirete' aion, existing only as a
pre'en ~i' n, fcouted and denied hv n w h lo people with
invlnelb'e arm "? and^iavh ? embattled !iK.iln?t II. wi M
ho a flaming mockery of truth. It would a sert Indepen
dence as a fact when notorii nsty it wa? not a fact. It
w Id be an enorra his he Naturally ti I'owar thus guilty
wo dd egpect t'> suppr tt the li? by arms.
I ? I II? llll 1 1 T oy AHY MKrix.s rr-Ki o> m n. si a vkmohi pjm
WITH ffUVHtv A HIHV: ST os ft,
I'nt I 'lo not ponton! mr?el( ? th n Single object ion t*
thi.-t ontrng'siuK eonsumrn'tilen. There t? a- other '< a dif
ferent nature. Asauming.Vor Ihi ii.omeni, Jwliat I am
?l it to believe can ne'. . r hannen, that the no ?r slavo
Pi wer Ira bee me Independent in faet, while ilio national
flag h-<s sunk awar eitiaueled In thr contest , #?ere it an
oh ?ction which, In nn ai-e of (fjristitn light, think (Jodf
car. not t>e na ercorac? ttrfless the great Powers win. h, by
s< ' 'inn covenants, hive branded slavery, shall forget
their vow*, whl'e I ngltt d ti e leclrtred piote< lies* o' the
A'riem race, aid France the dwlired ch mnl -n o'
'?tue.i*," b ith break aw-?y from tl?o irren*ltt>!o logic of
their h,HP>r) and turn their Itncks utwn tkepiat. Vain
Is honor; viin is hum n c onldence, If tft -e nations at a
m'"n?nt of h gh duty can thus Ipnobly fall. " Kenown
and trscc Is doad " Like the other objection, this u of
fuel hi n; tor It U rounded on the char h tor of the s'are
n nnj.'r pretension c'llmlng remgultlen, alt or whuli ts a
fact, lorhaps It may lie said that It Is a loeslton 'W
policy; b t It Is of a policy which ou^l ? to be b< yon.l
ipicstiun. If the liict be eMabll^hed. 8 r.iet I t? more
ta neceeiary than that the new power shili
be tk fac'i Independent. H mi. it he /"to
ht to ha Independent, and, from the nature jor
the ease evnrv nation will tudgo of this lit
ai afict. In undertaking t<? acknowledge a new Power,
you proclaim lie fitness for ?e!ci>oie and susi c at ion in the
t it'll v or liatioM. Can K^igland l>ut fortU su i a procli
tn . ,on in lavor ?f the whti' *r? ?! women and Miters of
diildren? Can franee permit I?uH Na^ioieon to put turth
su' h i nroclamation*
?nd here, on the threshold of this Innulry, t'ie true
stale "f th'i qrte- 1 Ion mn-it ? t h? forgotten. It is m ?
whetb r cM mi l eti-ltng relations shallM c >ntinue<l with
a !a>wer which i ^rmit^ ilavery, but whether relsti'ts
sh ill be Ikk "ti with a i ew Power , which hot merely twr
inll* si iv rv, but b ill !? its white intu'orablo pretention
up ti thH li'i-bTi in. ' S" new slave Jtit"" la a satch.
yrord with which we are alrea !y t'umi i ir. b it cron
Itils cry d -es not reveal ti e full opposition ft
this i o.t revolt again* I civ ll??tioe, for even if
disposed to admit < ne v slave ^ I to, there must lie,
among men who have U"t yet lost all sen?o i>f decency,
su utnlyHW ri'suitaiica to the u lml Ion of a new slave
I'ntair. having such an nn>iuestl >ned origin and such an
unouesttoned i nrpoee a< thai which mm flaunts in plraoy
aid blood before the ' ivllfnt world, seeking reo<vn|i i'?
for Itserltnie .iera. Mere Is nothing for P'<e pa< w
try. Ihity is as plain as the moral law or the multiple a
l|"ii table.
U k for ? moment at the ur.precp leitH character cf
IMs prelsti?i -n. A rreall tit tu I been elected by ti e
people, in the ai. unsn of lstfj, v. ho wai known "Im
a^ln t it-' eatensii a <i slavery. Thin wis all. lie bal
nut yet entered up> ,i th.' i^rf >rm?ace of his dot Ice. 1 :<it
the ^lavo mongers saw thil slavery el Imroo in mt snRer
under tint popolar I ''.ment aga -ist its eatenslnn, and
they reboiloJ. t'nder th a Inspiration ftate a'ter Ht .'e
pretended to withlraw from ti<e I cion end ta DM
struct a new confederacy, wlsse "corner st no"'
? aa slavery. A constitution was adopted, which
decUred in lliear words ?'?No law denying <r
iraiiairing lt:e r ght of property in negro slaves
shall be paired . at d" in all IcrrlViry^ctunl or acpiire l,
the iiist tuiMin if negro slavery, an it now exists in tt a
f'onlcderate Slate-, ah ill be rc ogni.ed an l protected by
t ongr ess acd the torritorti) government." I si not star:.
These are the authentic words of the text. You will Ood
them In the constitution.
Surh was the unalterable fabric of the new goyerntitTi'.
X'?r wae there any doubt or hesitation in proclaiming its
distinctive character. Its Vl< e President, Mr. Etephcns ,
who thus far had been remark*! f"r his modera^S/a on
slavery, as ir smitten with dUbollc light, utiderU'Ok to
explain snd vlndleate the Magna t ''ana j'ist a l. | t d,
Ills words are already ramillar; bu? lb?y camotko
omtted m an accurate *t_ tho oa?. "the
new coostllutlon," he wMt.. rr*11 tt>T
avsr all the aaltatlng quretloos relating to our picul ar
JStnttoT Afrkcir .lsr^r' .i Jt ex t
ua " which be proorede to declare "was the In saeJia'.a
cause of the late rupturo and preMut rwolutkm,"
Ths Tloe President then announced une-juivucallv the
change Ibat had taken piece. Ad nlf ; that "It was the
..rivaling IdM of the leading sUteamen nl the foinda
lion of the old eoostltutlon thai the enslavement of the
arrkian was wrong In principle, socially morally and
nolltlceHy , and that II waa a violation of the laws of na
tare "he iteaounoee this Idee as " rabitomeotaliy wrong. ?
'proclaims ttx? new go vera moot aa "fonnded upon
exactly Us* opposite Men.'7 Tber% was no dlaguiso. its
fooadallcM, Be avows, "are l?id, Ua corner stone res' a
ii noo the great truth, that the negro Is not equal lo the
white man. that slavery . '.ubordmalton to lbs snport <r
mce Is hie natural and p. irmal condition." Kot oonter i
with exhibiting the tutlried foundation, he N-aair,;iy
Claims f >r the new government th.. priority of Invent ten.
oest (nrerBa'THj" to fttsu, "H ito Ifsi u, vto

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