4
THE SOUTH I
Report* of the Special (orresp^aUeat*
of the Herald.
THE RECENT ELECTION IN RICHMOND
F.'ght in KajelteiilU Between North Caroliniani
and Soldiers.
Creat Satisfaction with General
Canity.
f maun.
kc al comespokdeace of the heialo.
llndi Acation of llie thoter l.ntr-The N?fTMI
r?tiii(-Th. ?frlr*nl*'n* ProrrM-Aecan
at ih. Pell*-Icrllng Hrlwrrn the KumImprrMiriX)
and Conrlutlwii^Tbe CtUtOIW.
hip? II Mill h of .liihn Iff. Bolt..
Hp pmoid, Va, Sept 10, 1MT.
1%* Oy.:?r law, a* passed by trie legislature, was
fouod to b? oppressive to persons engaged in that trade,
ad the tax was such that it prevented competition with
the oyster man of other Stales. Representations bavin*
h en made to this effect to General SchoQeld, he issued
an order modifying tbe law Tbie ie quite au extensive
mnd prodtable entile u ihie State, and adorila an annual
nveoue of soma millions.
For .be tint time in the history of tbie Tar famed elty,
Ilia nagroex have voted, and thai Illegally too, as U la
contended. Tbe question at Issue, lobs decided by the
P'iblii voice, was, should Richmond subscribe two mil*
lions, ber quota, of the subscription to build the Chesapeake
and Ohio Railroad v H was contended the negroes
had no right to vole, net being properly holders, and
alio not being qualified m reentered rotors; upon
which grounds Mto officers of the election refused to
record tbeir votes, until a teiographlc order from Oeneral
Sohofield. then at Fortress Monroe, decided Is favor
of Cuffle as a voter. It was amusing in the extreme to
witness the re'of with which the eo.<ty suffragans
invaded the sacred precincts of the polling booths
to the infinite dlscust of the ifivaliers of tbe first
families. They rushed to the polls m moire and enjoyed
tne oitlsemi ng sensation nt casting their first vote, as
thev did in the Says of slavery the pleaMire* of their
Christmas holiday, and many and ludicrous were the
expressions and remarks let tail on this auspicious occasion
by the unsophisticated Sambo It is snfu to aay that
bet f> w of tbem knew wbat they were i rally voting for,
end one swarthy said* rdtl ten wheu asked " Are you for
tbe subscription. or against?" answered, "Skrlption; l'se
done gib Mr Huonicutt nuff skripilon already and I
ain't gwine to gib eny mo." Showing conclusively two
facte?the voter's extreme ignorance nud Hunuicutt's imposulon.
Tlie laiter gentleman had, however, advocated
the subssnption both in his diminutive pa;>er and in
u.ghtly hsmoguea, so that the majority of tbe negroes
knew ihoy were Dot to vote against, and they would
then be right. iluii the Great Mogul opposed it, they
would buvo been a< unanimous against the "skrlption."
The measure was carried by a majority of whites even,
( aving the blacks on* of tbe quotation.'and many whites
who were anxious for its success turned away with
lonthtnc from the perspiring, sweltering mass of black
humanity crowding, elbowng arid poshing eagerly forward
to' the polls, as if for life and death, an aroma
arising, ci der the burn ng rays of a noonday sun, that
was neither agreeable nor much of an inducement to the
The observer of ihlsilrst experiment In th* AfrtcanIr.iug
pro ess in Virg.uta cannot fall to be sadly lmpieaaed,
an J draw from the scene ominous and dire conelusions
for the future of tbie old nomuionwealth. At
mine of the booths discriminations were made, and the
place of voting for the tnglo-Saxous had a different entrance
and agraas from that of the Africans. Miseegonai
too in thla respect??? avoided, each keeping to his own
aide and displaying a sort of ttilien, dogged silence on
tna one and an excitant leer on tbo othor, the frowning
brown of the white- and tho dark, flashing evos of the
blacks, showing too conclusively a deep seated
hatred, which only awails an opportunity to hurst
forth In a sea of blood, desolation and destruction ?
a deadly hostility. l>ur ng the holding ol elections
a rarairy troop paraded the streets constantly, and
at each booth a company of the Eleventh regulars, with
oriHllutg bayonets, martial aspect and determined mien,
were stationed a* a menace and a curb upon tbe dense
volume of suppressed mtense passion, that needed only
a pretext to break forth iu all its fury. Virginia must
rmn be radically rocoustrnctad according to tho pree
ribod plan if a reaction at tho North does not nava
her, and flchotleld t bayonets will brlstlo .it elections no
longer, nor will the veteran Eleventh exercise such a
|H>UiDt influence on the black mob ther once dispersed
here when on tbe verge of a riot. Woo then will keep
the peace betwe n the two races? Who then will
control the destinies of this grind and noble
.State? What will ne the fate of the race now
exalted to e position which already has shown
its pornicious elects ? Time a'ono nan answer
those grove and solemn qnr-tlone. Tho negro haa
roied iti Virginia, and hvs freedom has beon sanctified
by tho ballot. Will be *<oar Ins new honors with becoming
modesty and humbleness ? Will M prove a blessing
or a curve? Time wil1 tell.
the appointment of (loncral John E. M.ilford as Collector
of Internal Ueveuue, gives tuflnitu -utisfactiou to
all class*?, even the exliouie radicals, who had two candidates
of tho r owu. Muiford's appointment was not a
political one, and not made for polit eal purposes, and Is
consequently regarded more as a compromise between
extreme factions than anything else. ?o that the President
has done one act that pleases all parties. Mulford
is a native of New York, and prior t? the war w.oa
eotagod in commercial pursuits lu O-wego. He entered
the army esrty in the war, serv ng s? reptsin
and wai. r in the Third roviment of New York vol<iD(e?r
cavalry H.t business capacity and ability gainod
for him in W the appointment by the .secretary of
War of Ooniuuifloner of Exchange, winch position he
filled with rvmarksble fidelity to the close of the war,
gaming the respC't of both armies and the confidence of
bis government Since that period ha has made this
city his horns, where fortune has favored him in business,
being now tbe Pres dent of an extensive slate
i cmpacy in Pan bl?U?. Too removal of Jamca Id re'arded
as justly proper by the mercantile community
hare.
John M flutta ts rejiorted in a very bad state of
health, hi const tut ion shattered, and his condition altogether
vary precarious. tlis friends are extremely ao1
lions about blux.
Tf 0 tt T 11 (1KOIIU.
SPECIAL COMEiPOlOENCE OF ThE HEPAUJ.
a vlilslsu lleiurra inUed Satntra Naldlsrs nn?l
Ka-Urliela?Mmri> Flsht-Caplures .Tliidc?
Terror ol the I Widens?Order Ilealored.
* Rai non, N. C., f-ept. 19, 1S6T
Informal.on ;u?t received iron JXretlevilie represents
tho usually pat sable m I orderly community thorn to
be 10 a state of great terror r.od alarm. Indeed, bad tho
mooted war of raw commenced lo good earn oat the
q'nat ctiixen* of Kayeliovillecontd not hare experienced
greater degree of confusion and con?t>rnaHon. Tt appears
that on -aturday n ghi last a party of unreconstructed
tar be- it baring aoitber tho fear of Cod la
their hearts nor a Jual roepeel f r the gorornment
onder which tbey are permitted to lire, in their
mada, met a party of United Statea "Boya In Bins,"
at a bouaoof 11] fame. All were quite boisterous, and
old campaigns. and the merits of respective genera's j
began to bo dicuaoed, when an aliorratloa eoaued la
ronaoquenoo of the opposing optai?aa and conflicting |
oenuneota of tha t artiea. Words. it seems, raa btgb.
and the Bora in B. to bold their own, while tho es-reba
wore equally obatmato. elowa ooon followed, weapons
wore drawn by both parties, and aoon a severe flgbt was
Idaugurale<J, issuillng in driring tba an!dlera from tbs
house. lbs es-rsbels then barricaded lbs house
and began a .desultory flrw from the windows. which
routed their assailants, who retreated to ramp
for ratsforewmoat. followed up hy tho victorious
party and requiting considerable strategy and
idtarjr skill lo eecapa without serious loss. Ihe offlrer
in eharga, being aroused by the tiring, bad tho losg roll
heat just as tbs fleeing party mads the isiup. and aoun
the garn*on were under arms in battle array Caring
b maolf at tbe head of blgfCwMmfl, like a gallant aot.
* sr. ho led bn for es to ike scene of action, and after
a reconnoitre lbs reboia were fonsd to to posted under
ooeor, with a view to atnbuah him, which waa soon developed
by volley* from different direction*, scattering
bit forces and cam ug some (infusion. He succeeded
In rallying ibem. when a charge was ordered, and tho
retiela were routed I'lirauit followed, and a number
??i,i i,?i -...i in I ort Macon
Tha wbola city bad by thia lliaa bocora* alarmed by Iba
'rollayaof muakeiry and really r>eiie??vl <be war of
raoae bad faltly begun. A econe o{ untitleraMe confitRio*
and dxorder took placo?men, women and children
of all ? im, a?a?. colora. erxeeaad conditlona, ixiuM l>a
ana* raabiag abuat the etroeu madly yai og and crying
a'ood la a manner that each moment mad* the pan c
till mora tarnble Ilia commanding oilicar, however,
anoa offkctod aotnaorder and aurneedod ,n quitting ilia
faara af tbe Clujena. Who again began to raiiro, though
atlli trembling with roar
Ilia not a at*?1 what tha rearwctlva inaeea on both
aldaa vara during tbia abort hut brielt engi, . meet. and
M la remarkaola thai nouo of tbo A i can* of the city
vara involved.
SOI TH C1ROLI1I.
SPECIAL CflRRESPOMEICE OF THE HEIUlB.
Tho Prraldrnl and Ika Northern Kenctlen?
K?aUfration-tJrnernl Canbi'a AdinlaUlra.
ilon Glrtai Grarral kail?farilaa-Tba I nlted
sintee lain at Hrarailllr.
Oiaat-earoa, A C , Sept. Id, 1M7.
ConMd?r*t'a diraraity of opinion aaitta bara aa to
Uta alfoct of ika poalUoaa ractatly aaaaaad by tha Praal
NKW TORI
deal and the probable thorough reac'iou at the North on
the qesilou of negro eaflrage. Mauv beileee bo h
events have occurred loo late to benefit the Boulh.
JUtere think the blaoks will never bo allowed to Tola.
Bv the rbmer the mod gloom/ apprehension! of negro
aupremar/ are eoterlaieed. Registration la rapidly
drawing to e el.'Se, and the reports thua far show between
fortr and flu/ thousand negro majority. In some
dls<ri ts this eiaj'irily is ton to one againet the whtu-s.
Will the I'rea.deal's action prevent the calamituj> result
of the otate being turned over into tbe
hands of tbe negroes t Can be do anylhlngf
are tbe vital question* of the white people of
every Southern Bute, but especially thoee of South
Carolina. A difference of opinion also exisU in reference
to the eflhot of the amnesty proclamation. Those who
oppooed it removed all dUahllltleo or disqualifications In
tbe eieroiao of the righto of oitiunship have applied for
permtaaion to register, but have been denied the privilege
by tbe boarda of reoistmiton. Censrat f'anby'a administration
will bo markod by an inflnxlhlo regard for the
In* of Co agrees, nod a total abaunenoe from all Interference
with the oourte of the State or of the United
Btateu So far ha haa given general aatiafactioa. Hie
withdrawal of military Interference la the case ofJjbkins,
a freed man, conrlcted in the fetaie court of murder,
sentenced to be hong, aad respited three ttmen by
Oenoral Sickles, is considered a rebuke to the laitor. 1 a
striking con treat with the pnbtio announc-menl of that
order appears on she same day a pardon from Ooveroor
Orr, oxieoded to a freedoms named Smart
Cblsholm, oonvlcled of the murder of hit infant step
danahtor. Ttita, Uke# la oonnaenaa with hli recewt
advocacy of aoonvenUon, ie regarded M an Indlostion
that the Oavornor la ready U make aaetier laap from
the "oo part* part*' tula Uto rank* or IM radietls. In
the coin of .Tonkin* til* b'ackn hove man I fen lad more
interest Hi* oaaootoie, who woo convicted with him,
diod io prison, of consumption, hut before hi# doo'h
mode o confession, in presence of the oflleors of the
Joil and tbe clergyman io attendance, that he wa* the
murderer, exonerating J?nkins from anv participation
In theoritnn. Th * bos <<*u?#d o good deal of eiclt#ment
among tho freedmon, and rotio few favor an at
tnmpt at tescue. Ae (tie prianner will have to be resentenced,
it I* more tTian probable that the Governor
will commute the punishment trom banging to Imprisonment
for life.
1 have reoently paid a vlaif to Greenville, 8 0.. where
tbe United States Court, prealdod over by Judge Rrrnu.
has been in eeseiun more than Ave weeks. Tbe Oourt
bas been occupied much of that time in the trial of
caere of violation of the Internal Revenue law, such at
distillation without license, not keeping hooka en#ci:ytng
th* quantity of whiskey dtatlllod. diatillotlon of
whiak'-y and vlnsgar In the aamo establishment. The
last case oil trial has occupied (Ivo dny*, tho drlendaot,
a Mr. Aniim bring the proprietor of vinernr work* near
Augusta and at Hamburg, H (X Tlie defendant ad inua
that hn rectlfled some Inferior whiskey and trid# it
Into goad liquor, but that he never distilled wolakav,
and therefore did not need a license. Hn otlled this
businea# clarifying. He also contends that he made low
wines out of molasses for Uia purpose of converting it
Into vinegar. Ex-Uovrroor Perry, I.ioutensitt Governor
W, D. Porter, General Geary, General Ka?lev and Mr.
Thomas appeared for the defence; United Slates District
Attorney D. T. Corbtn, J. P. Reed. State Solicitor, and
Mr. Earle appeared for the prosecution.
General M. W. Geary, who fought so bravely for hi*
State during tbe war is now one of the most earnest and
thorough going Union men. He Is a lawyer of great
power and eloquence as a debater. Indeed the specimens
of eloqueno* dally exhibited at Greenville conld
not well he excelled by any bar in this Stat* or tbe
Union.
The people of Oraenvllle district are the most thoroughly
reconstructed of any in tiie State. Of the men?
prosecution* by the government for oTences against (ha
laws, there has been bui one acquittal by tba jury.
Judge Bryan baa pained many friends at flreenvllla.
His decision, however, in referenoe to the invalidity of
payments made in Ooufederate money, baa causnd considerable
consternation among those who purchased
property or paid tbelr debts in that earrency during the
war.
The press in the interior of tne State unanimously
deprecate in the strongest terms any revocation of
Ocoera! Sickles* Order No. 10. The repeal or that order
leading to the probable restoration, arrest and imprisonment
for debt at this time, they say, would he more
ruinous to the country than Stevens' mild conBsoation.
TKIlli
SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE HERALD.
New ((ran:itela, nnd Thrift nnd Industry of
the Itrrmnns- Extended Track af Wild
Prnlrlo auil Uolilen Prospects far Future
Immigration?T?rscrlptien af Aastln sstf Ita
Public Ituildlnga?Reception Hull at the
Htnto I'npitol te (Governor Peaee?Interview
With the New t.overnor, and Ilia Views (
Texas l.ovnlty and Krgletratlon?Decnpltation
of Htate and Wther OfHclalo? Iteclstratlon
of Travla County-Hoard of Military
Inquisition. . _
Arsns, August 29, 1S9T.
A day and a night's slow progress In a crowded atago
roach from Ran Antonio, and ovar roads heavy from
recant rains, brought me safely, but in no friendly mood
toward (taps travelling m an institution ana in no pnysical
cendiUon to engage as principal in a prize fight, to
tha capital of the State. Kntermg the groat mosquito
prairie bounding sen Antonio on tbe north, and crossing
tha Cibolo, now nearly dry of water, npon whose banks
are located the little Post Office and hamlet of
Pelma, we entered tba Gorman settlements at
New Braunfels, exteu 1 ng In a compact neighborhood
for several miles and lining the wood on either side
with cottages, gardens and small farms, and altogether
showing a thrift and industry far surpassing anything
1 ham seen in all my travail thru far in the Stata. Man,
women and children were at work in tha Aelda. Negro
laborers ware rarely to be seen. It is this class of people
that give wealth and prosperity to ecountry?people
frugal, self-reliant and not aehamed to work?people
who consldor "the nobility of uhnr, the long pedigree
of toil" the richest inherits e that oao be loft to thorn
end who will transmit the same inheritance to their
ehtldron. The scene waa vastly different from the lazy,
louugtng white mon I have seen cleewbero, and the shiftless
negr or, who, under the pretence o labor, accomplish
but little more t) in consume time and their
ration*. leaving tha German neighborhood we pae?ed
throngh miles of vory beautiful country, a rolling open
prairie, show higher mountainous posits wora
once the lookouts of the Indians, "here are no settlements
for miles apart. Occasionally a monster
buck raise.! bis huge antiure above the brow of a neighboring
hillock, but quickly rushed away. I took my
ravonte seal with the driver, and did not tiro looking at
the far-spreading view before me, the clear sky and
fleecy clouds casting tbalr flitting shadows over tba
landscape, tbe graceful waving of tbe tall gnuu along
the prairie ridges, tha eunl'ght glistening in the valleys,
tbe H ands of timber scattered all about, tba linoaof
oft blue haze overshadowing the distant mountainsdo
wond-nus f\lr. the whole might eeem
The vision of a fairy dream.
A feebly observant traveller, however. Is he In this
country who only looks out for tba beautiful and plotureeque.
A streak of praotical ennee carries tbe mind
rartber. One see# In thane millions of wild, uncultivated
acres the future homes of millions or earnest, tolling
men One sees populous cities and villages springing
up la these valley a; one esse colleges end churches end
beautiful villas crowning theae bill tope; one sees
tb see groves filled with academies, and eager
south Jr ok ng <1> ?p rrom me inr id springs 01
Karning . on# ?ee? floe farms and Immense workshop#
and factories on every ilda; ona hears tha hum or industry
everywhere, the mighty pulsations of tha steam
proa*. tha puffing of tbo bug* locomotive, and tha rapid
clicking of the teiegrapb. Whan will tbla be f Not
long; I hope to live to see it. There are United States
armv officer* living now who onca were stationed at the
post where t'hicago now is, and bad to sand a hundred
mtiea for their mails, and only ones a month at that.
And to-day t'hicago la tha centre of tweaty-three railroads
But I am lingering on my journey. In the haiy
mi?t of the morulas wa reach a bill. Underneath ua la
the Colorado, and beyond, rising above the base and
seeming a very castle in the air, is tha lofty dome of
the cut* Capitol.
Austin impresses ma more favorably than I had anticipated.
It is Hotly situated, haa about seven thousand
lohsbitants and Is rapidly increasing la waaltb and population
The streets are broad and intersect at right
angles, those runn ng parallel with the rlcar being named
after tha different kiada of timber peculiar to
the State, and the atresia crossing these after
the various nvera of tha Mala. I'oSgreaa avenue, tba
principal street, at tha head of whie* la aitoaied tba
f'apilol. Is an exception, bowavar, to tba adopted system
oi street nomenclature. Tha situation of the Capitol on
a i III ami corresponding avenue landing to it bear a
striking though miniature resemblance to the Capitol at
Washington and ranuivlraa a avaoua. Scattered about
are n any substantial buildings, built mainly of stuns, of
which there is an nexhaaxuble qi arry and aasily worked,
in the vicinity. 1 hare are seven churches and fifteen
schools of vannua grades, besides tbrae for freedmen,
the latter being jointly lau.ht by bieck teachers and
strong-minded Northern women. A ahort distance from
the city ere n deaf and dumb asylum, a blind Insulation
nnd means asylum, all under tale management, and
tlie building* ars capacious and admirably adapted for
their respective seen The land. Treasury and < omptrolier'a
ofllca* are An* stone buildirfgn, but the Capitol
Is built of Tetsn marble, three Horn* in height, thn
basement being oocnpled hv the officer* of tk* State, the
sec. nd aiorv containing '.he hails of theSenaieand House
of Hepreeen ativea and Supreme Court room, nnd third
story, the State Library and gaiier ea of tea Senate and
Bunas. In the caatra of the front haa been erected n
monument to tha heme# of the Alamo. <?n It are Inscribed
tha names of the victims of that dreadful massacre,
and below them the words: ?"Thermopylie had bar
herald of disaster, but the Alamo had none." The memory
of Uil* noble martyr band, who fell in defending
Texan liberties, will aver remain first in the recollection
of evary true retail.
<>a tha occasion of m* first visit to the Capitol 11 ""
evident there was tha busy note of preparation for
siroatblar. Instalments of mysterious looking bottles
sad aaadwtrhea, rskva, candies, aula, coaeorvao and
mat las, and fua* of rantnoning tba targar legis
> Ini'on ah am her with Amartoaa fiaga gave n forvahadawiai
I HEKALD, SUNDAY, Sh
of some coming event not reeorded la tbo ordinary diurnal
cin-n lar. I found this event to be a reception ball to
Governor l'?a?e, on whose shoulders but lately been
tbruat the gubernatorial maadn. Hveoing cam*. aud
with it burstii of martial musio from a band, and carriage*.
freighted with fair woman rustling in silks, anil
officers, brilliant in brass button* aid epaulaitaa
-It wa* altogether an officer*' a .air.
tlie marh.il tuusio soon turne<l to waltzea aud tbo eohou
ll-chn and in# Hu??, and tbo old programme incident
to t e meeting of youth and beauty on similar occasions
waa carnait on<?that is to aay, It was a good wav berotid
the a-uall hours when ths party separated. Tb#
thennomnter was at ninsty degree# Fahrenheit; but
notwithstanding tbe lisat, which was partly counteracted
by the abundant supply or home mad# toe and the genuine
ohaiuii.iine and homelier fluids, through which it
great y d .s*?rn nated its cooling qualities, the participant#
yew ?u<-ce?afullv manufactured a pleasant night of it.
An agree* r?l* fe*t ore was the absenoe of any stupid speechrnaklng
and prolforing of tbreadoare toast*. Alt wsnt
away pleated?the i.orernor at ths handsome recefiUon
toml-red bun, the ladies at the handsome opportunity It
a'foriied thein to show oil their charms and ilnerv. and
the gentlemen through thus being enabled to display
their baud onta liberality, as well as spprsclatlou and
w .rship of the newly risen po'ittcal star.
Governor Tease, on whom I called the morning after
the btil. I Sad to be a very agreeable, well meaning and
evi tenliy a most aarneat aud hearty ma* in his way.
Bora IB ConnerUout, whtrff he (pant ths flrst thirty
yesrs of his life, it is not difficult to disilngu sh a tinflennf
uf YankesldB IllH ia his oon?iit\Bion-ihst sinoeri'y
of purpose, deop-eeaied energy or snll and dogIhtlft
ad e-AnrA to a single idea so essentially oharaoterl-iic
Of Rteiern bora folk*. Thirty year*' Ufa In rexes,
wb r.h, harr ng the war's interruption, ho has devoL'4
principally to the practice of law, has not served to
eradicate tbe principles of hu earlier teaching and
no ther have the eotloemonts of gain and allurement* of
place swerved him from what he believed to be right.
11 wa* ihi confidence In the integrity of his character
that c?ii?Hd the people to elect him twice as G .vernor,
and When ho last ran against Governor Throckmorton
he would doubtless have been ouoceg<iful tben
only f?r the little affair wbicb did not sit well
nu Taxi*n etotaaoha. of hi* participating ia tha convention
at H ><iMon, at whloh negroes took aoiive part. A*
U well kniva. he took strong Union ground at the outset
of Hie w*r, and had to flee to Mexico to sere hi*
nec'?. lie i* a* unflinchingly Union to-day, and If there
la ant itara/in mhn faals mnru hliiAP hllrf tin fill*./! If In 1/ lf?
wsr.l i ri> ?i? >1111 remaining disloyal I hsvo rot to And
tilm >>u'. while 10 thoto who willingly and honestly oon1'M.o
i'kit allegiance to tho general government and determination
to support it, there la noon more cordially
and k?'i-r indv disponed and more ready to gl re thorn
the hand of friendly co-operation.
mes the tone of popular aentlment a? regard*
Invmiy to ioe genoralgovernment," 1 aaked him, "com*
pare with what It waa before the war I"
'Tacsam iuit a* ready now," he replied, "forrebdllon
n - i-i H-il, If there was any bop* of aucoeea. The
vfc?e of the mnj >rity of the people have undergone no
rhiT>i{*. It la trua lha live# of Union men and ronn
from the North are more aooure than they have beea,
(nit it h the fear of federal bayoneta that m-tltea It so
ihe foilost of nrlmea have been committed here, and
thero ha - oeon no attempt to bring the guilty to punishment.
A nnndred and more negroes have been murdered
and no one has been punished for it. Justice has
not only been blind, but deaf and dumb, and all appeals
to hor have bean In vain."
"But von bave some hopes," I Interrupted, "of ao
imoro.oment on this state of things, though 1 confe-m It
atrik-w me that you are drawing the picture too darkly."
"The picture is not a bit overdrawn," be au?wered;
" h it there are gleams of light show ng tbemsei res. We
are going to hav# a different set of Judges and Jurors,
and Union men and negrooe are going to bave a atiow
for their r ghta. rhe work of regia'ratlon is going to
accomplish good results. We sre going to have a conven'l
o soon. The vote, at I flgure it ou<, will he 45,090
rebel vn'ee. 15.000 Union voles, and-40,000 neto votes,
giving a malority for a oonvontlon. The convention te
bound te be of the right stripe, and will adopt the Kind
of constitution required bv Congress as conditional to
the Sis'*1* readmission to the Union. When onoe the
Bute Is admitted bat k to the Union there will be no dtfll*
eultr. An Immense tide of Union Imm gration will
flow in here, and the Btete'e control will speedily be in
the hands of Union men. Though no prophet nor son of
a prophet, I foresee this result aa olearly as if It was
wilttew oa yonder wall."
Two men wbo wars present at the Interview came out
with me ttaid one of them, "I see you were rather
disinclined to believe the Governor's statement about the
present dlsiovaltv of the people of Texas, but I tell you
It is so. I was eleven months in e dungeon In Irons for
mv I'nlon sentimenti, end I know what I am talking
about. The rebels would to-dav murder every Union
man in the SUM tr they dared to do It."
"Yea, d?n 'on, they've tried to murder mo atnco tbe
war. but I bar* managed to aacapa them thaa far," remarked
tbo otber gent lama a.
"I h-lleve too are going to bora another war yet,"
aald the first one, "before the thing la ovar."
"That* my belief too," said the second one. Tho
belief of these other two gentlemen I was pre rooted being
enlightened upon, by some other gentlemen stepping
up, after wbicb the eonyemtioo took a different
eourae, and I took myself back to my botol.
Regarding the removal of Governor Throckmorton,
al bougb the event baa been anticipated for some lime,
there la unquestionably a very general dissatisfaction
Hla "address to the people or Texas," whieb is being
wldelv neutered about in pamphlat form. Is regarded
by bis Irion da as a vary able defence of bis course as
lata Governor, and an unanswerable refutation of tbe
charge of having been "an impediment to tbe reconstruction
of tbe 8taM." Hut it Is certain that for tbe
present at least he be* been very effeo nally pieced on
tbe retiring list. Meantime Governor Pease baa set himself
earnestly at work m the discharge of bis new dalles,
and, as far as bis power goes, evlnoes a determination
to oust tbe old incumbents of office nbder bis predeceseor
and appoint new onse In tbelr places. He has
appointed Dr M. C. Phillips, one of the lets registers of
the county, Secretary of Stale, and Mr. Perry, another
register, his private secretary. Poor Scroggins, tbe eolored
register, has been left out in tbe odd, which, considering
bin Ethiopian blood, is considered an act of greet
cruelty. Pryor Lee, laM Superintendent of Public
Instruction St. Denis like, baa been obliged to walk off
with his bead under his arm, while Mr. Ourlev, Adjutant
General, saved himself from becoming a victim or
tbe official guillotine by seuding in bis resignation. Aa
to these last two offices, it is c.aimed they wore sinecures
any srav, tbere not being a single public school in
the 8uM and not a corporal's guard of SUM m Una.
Other decapitations, it is said, will ape<dily follow,
Including the superintendents of the State asylums.
IPUS Itr judges llflinil, Sueparu null nu;, imtiw
lively of the Second, Third end Eighth district*, havff
been removed, end Judges J. J. Thoroton, C. D. Selitrd
end Wlmdon Banks sppointed in their p'area. Judges
Ireland end Stieperd both held commends in ths rebel
erm>, and ere reported es st.li being rabid secessionists;
while Judge Maby is related to bare decisis I publicly
thai he would not enforce the laws of the Uolted .Mate*
when tbey came In contact with the laws of the State.
The registration for tlds county has been completed
with the following remit ?Total number rcgis'.eted,
1.426, of winch number 8S3 were colored, and 642 white,
besides 293 rejected. No trouble attended the registration.
A court martial, of which Brevet Major General McCook
Is I're-ldont, has been in session here for thy past
two months, and promises to b~ in session an equal time
longer. The cases under trial are principally of privates
accused of desertion and minor ollences. Companies B
and C, Sixth United Slates cavalry, under command of
Brevet Brigadier General James Oaks, constitute ilio
present garrison here. They have their headquarters In
the old hlaie arsenal. The present undemanding is
that these oompanlea are to he sent to Buffalo Springs,
on lbs frontier, and their places filled with infantry.
A CHANCE FOR THE N3RTH TO CONTROL THE SOUTH.
TO TBI KDITOK OF TUB TtKRALD.
Never was a better opportunity for one people to get
the control of another legitimately, and to tne benefit of
each, than the Northern people now have to get the title
end control of the Southern Internal Improvements.
They are Insolvent institutions, and If Northern capitalists
would procure transfers of debts on them, If they
do not now bold debts, they could throw every one of
them, probably, Into bankruptcy, buy ihsm at the nominal
prices at which thay would sell, at prlcaa so low as
to enabls them to pat tham in complete order, and run
them at such low raise as greatly to Increase their revenues,
end from their profits to bnlld or complete soma
lateral line*, which would reader these railroad* th*
most valuable property In the Union. The war has worn
thesa roads oat, aad so reduced their profit* as to reader
It Impossible for their pre?eat owners to repair tbem.
The toll* on them are neceesanlr so high that few ran
afford to amploy them, and they conseqaemiy have
neither credit nor money, and thers la no prospect of
Improvement. The abolition of slavery baa readarad It
tmpoaaible for tba praaeat own era of land in Virginia to
eultlvat# mora than one-atghth part of their lands, th*
remainder cannot he kept inclosed, much leas cultivated;
yielding no income, and having high taxes to pay, It
mast com* Into -market for sale. Every Internal Improvement
la Virginia will ran through thousands upon
thousands of acres thus allotted, which the companies
will be able to buy at prices not beyond those of lbs wild
lands of the We#v. Owning th* canal and railroad* at low
prteen, nn<I invaeiing ma net reran u# a m luaee niuiuc
dim In lb? landa pervaded by them and connecting immigration
-along with li, where can b? conceived a
grander scheme of money maklnf, mora certain. mora
peedyf II la wonderful that Northern enterprise haa
not looked Into thla roaltar, which la legltlmale^nd
will ba equally beneficial to both parties. a
The Internal Improvement* of tba South, eepectally of
Virginia, are bow the great power of ibe State. Whoever
coatrola them, and the land they can acquire with thorn
and tba people they can throw r?r hnndreda of tnilaa
along tbelr line*, will aoon control the State: It can be
done much eae'er and tuore efTccually than hy eonflaeallon
or any other odiotia and unconstitutional mode
which haa been propoeed. A combination of a fbw capllaliate
could thoe own all the internal improremeDU n
Virginia, end, etibjecting ihem all to one wilt and oee intereat,
who can tall tba power thay would exert and tba
money tbay could maker Tbaaa improvement* cannot
ba placed on a useful fooling or tba Stales, certainly
n<d by the Mate of Virginia, ami tbe intcreet of all her
people, of ell parttee in the State, and tbay re* It, la that
tbaee worka be dlapoeed of, and that Immediately, in the
mode enggcatcd. But vera few of tham bare paid any
dividend, becauae the? were built by the State paying
three-flfthe and Individual* two-fifth* of tha
etuck. rolitictana managed tba State's abarea, aad do
now, and incompetent stockholder* the private Ibarra
The ceat of conatractlng tbam haa been vaitty beyond
tbe coat, probably, of any other work* la tha world, aad
tbe people ere out able to me them. In consequence of
tba enormeaa folia they nrnt charge to keep tbam going.
Tbatr etock eel ? generally for a long, their vountle* are
depreciated to the loweat mark and tber* la no pronpeel
of improvement. Wagon* are found much cheaper for
distances of oao hundred mil**, end (he people alang
the ralfroad tinea are reternlag to that mod* of Iran*,
ponation. I give yon thee* h nia >n the bop* the! a?i
tent ion may be attracted to the subject. and that caplI
uiihi who may tak# an intereat m It may get Information
en lb* aubject, wb ih can eeaitr be had, and withI
out coat YUW1MA.
1PTEMBKR 22, 1867.-TRI1
COLOMBIA.
SOCIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE HERALD.
The Impeachment o( .?Ieaq?erii-Kr-.?Ituiaier
Hiilitur mid Consul Atfudclo Indicted viith
Him?Their Probable Btiitlabiuenl?Moaquera'a
Relatione with the tJovcramenl of
I'era Strang* Vie wa of Congress iui to VV bat
Noaqaera Meant? Speculation na to the
Next Presidency?A Revolntloo Imminent.
PtaxMA, Sept. It, 1MT.
The impeachment of Moequem, btt secretaries and
ouior helper* ia now undoubtedly occupying the attention
of the Senate. The bill of accusation, signed on
the 6th of August by the House of RcpresentatlTos,
commenoes la the following words:?
Ths Rouao of Representative*, by virtue of the noerer
to It conferred by the second paragraph of lh# ftlty-third
article of the constitution, rosolrei.?
To accuse before the Senate the ProaMeat of the Repuh.
I s iirsnd Oeneral Tomes P. do Mosquera; the Secretaries
of stale, J. M. KojaiOerrido. Kr. I.u-gschV, A. Mo nies. Pr.
Agudal i. V. Outli-rres do PiAares and B. Baplnoaa, and the
Jiidgnaof the Sopreme federal Court. J. O. Ar.njo, J. M.
I'fercs, Mare Outlorraa. B. domes an I A. Osroa. for the following
crimes oommltted in the discharge of their napeetIre
fun otto na
Than follows n long list of charges against saoh of tha
shore named Indleiduaia Those against the J ad res sad
setae of the Secretaries are very light, referring only to
Ihelr tacit aooeptanoe of Moequera's Illegalities, and will
probably be thrown' out by the Senate. The obargee
against Moequera number twenty.tbree in nil, and
although many will berhaps be put aside by the Senate,
eaongb remain to condemn him. He and ble prineipal
secretaries will most likely be banished Irom the coun.
?/
Felipe lepata tu elected "acsuaer" by the Howie,
ad, an two dec!In inn, Dr. Pablo Arosemene, from
Panama, was put ii his place. Tbe Indictment for the
eenret treat* with Peru, of whioh 1 spoak at another
place, will be separate from ths general one.
A few days before tbe bill was approve d Mosqaora
ent in his resignation as Preitd?nt. Tbe document Is
foil of floe phrases, but rather ridiculous as coming
from a man who Is In prison on a otaarge of treason and
other crimes Congress, of courss, took no notloo of it.
Every day almost brings to light soma new and startling
piece of statesmanship of Mosquera's abort but
eventful admlnis'ration. Oos of ths darkest parts of his
policy was bis singular conduct in tho Spanish-Chilean
war. After having aiven tho most solemn pledges of
remaining neutral, we found him mysteriously involved
In the '*Cuyler" afTur, an active correspondence wee
kent up between him sod Prado's government; Peruvian
bonds were discovered In Bogotd, and, lastly, an
adm'ral of the Peruvian navy was neat up to got him out
of prison. In former letters I have already hinted at
tome private understanding between the government of
pern and Mo-quera, by which the latter, tor a consideration,
lent his name and that of the republlo which be
rol?d over for farthering the Interests of tho former
In the difficulty with Spain. Tho cat has now been let
out of i he bag, and there Is no nasi for
disguising ths simple fact that Mosquera, together with
Salter, h i minister at Washington, and Aculelo, the
Colombian Consul Osneral at New York, sold themselves
to tho Perovlan government, and violated the public
trust reposed In them and International good faith as
wall. The d >ciimsnts which I translate below, and coples
of which I have received through a private channel,
exp iee tho whole thing. These documonts are a report
and an Indlotment, drawn op by the Comutttoe on Violation
of the Constitution and Laws of the House of Raprosentatives
at Bogotd, whioh will undoubtedly bs read
In tha United States with some interest, especially with
regard to General Salgar, who, on bis leaving Washington,
received each eulogy from Mr. Johnson. I need
hardly mention that the whole scheme by which Colom
hie waa to be drawed Into the eauahble botwsen Hoain
and the Booth American ropublloj ia bow forever txpioled,
and that Admiral Montero will meat with no
suoeeaa in HogotA in Ma exertions for the "Gran
JeneraL" Tha gallant Admiral, whan last hoard of, waa
about (our days from tha capital, and a Coional Kspojo,
a cabinet onurlar of tha Peruvian legation, who waa on
hia wajr to the coast, want np tha river again with him.
I eipaot Montero back en tha Isthmus ia a short tlnia.
Whan tha proofs of Mo?quera's secret and unauthorized
dealings with a foreign government without the
o.mscnt of Congreea an I even against the will of that
body and of tha whola people ware discovered in tha
archlvas at Rogotft It waa necessary that tha legislature
or the country should take notioa of tha fhct and make
the parties engaged In such Illicit negotiations responsible
for them. At the aama time Congress wished to
a*old as lar as possible all unpleasant feelings which
might result to tha Peruvian government out of this nnfo
tunate affair. It was for this reason that they did not
publish the papers; that in tha indictment they only
speak of tha "Cuyler" business, although they mention
that there are others connected with those negotiations;
that .nstead of the word trnatv they use that of agreement;
sod that tbsy finally do not evon treat that huslnaHs
la iU International bearings. I have It from good
authority that one of thu stipulations of the secret treaty
was that Moaquera should fortify Santa Martha and Carihsgana,
and tht , In order to prevent the Spanlard*
from using this highway of nations f,,r their pur.
poses and to be prepared against their attacks as *oon as
Columbia, or rather Mosquera. would have commenced
open hostilities against tbem. If this is true I should llks
to know how Moaquera would have fared In the conflict
with the United Slates In which he neceamrily wou<d
have found bimaelf on account of the transit of the
Isthmus It Is very probab'o that bis Intense dislike of
the Uni ed States, ihelr government and people, wasoao
of his motives In this vary foolish Intrigue, and blinded
lilm se to (bo fatal results It would have had for hlra and
his repuh 1c.
The reiM.rt and bill of Indictment relative to the secret
treaty with Peru, and which is separate from the accusal
lou mentioned above, reads in translation as follows:?
The Committee on Violation of tt>e Constitution and I.aws,
after hav ng carefully *t Mi 1 tbe private doeumsots, referring
to the a so private agreement concluded on the . * h of
last August Imtweon the President of the repti.die and the
Peruvian government, In virtue of which the war "learner
Kayo (formerly Cuylerl was sci)Ulre1l? New York and
brought to our porta, proceed to pr ?*nt their r'-pectue report
and. separate y, the lull of Indictment to which said
MISS 111 III and Its fi?oution have given rise. It appears
from s ild documents that ?n the 2*th of Inst A ugual Oeneral
llatdecuido Cope/. Secretary of War, and Krollan I.argacha,
Secretary of ihe 'I reasury and Publio Credit, with and bv
e?prrs?auth rttatlon of the President of the remibilo, did
conclude a secret agreement with the Minister ol Pei a, l o|.
ti Mm si i t taivin.; for its object, among mbars, tha
acqulslt' n of vessels which should oome to our waters und
-r the Colombian Hag. and a* ?ht|.s belonging to our nnvv,
under rertiln stlpu ithins which, be,?l 'es being illegal.
migui n I It i< l 10 c n" uuoncet it irn inn cnmm.vn i- ic
frai a fnim fluting It also appear* that (ha f liow.ng Minister
of C omhia n oad, nsniely, Manuel Mart.i Mot
iioor* roil Oneral Fmstorth. Ss'g.r and tha (hintultieneral
Krnnclaro Agudelo 1 hi Uiim elves voluntarily to put a a id
aoTrt rgre.-mcnl Into esri-ution when raqui ml: that tha
i atirtcitio ia of the * .rue w ere en-bauged on the 2l*t of laat
Nnrrmlar; and that In c inae iuenc< of tha same the suam-r
t'uvlrr turned out to bo h night In Maw York and brought to
our wutera tinder the name u: Itayo, after rerialn dtfllcult.ee
whtch proven od the aalltng of the steamer from No-th
American waf m hat bean - fled through the ptcd.e of
public faith made by our Mlul?ter Hal gar. Your nnnm i toe
abstain- from glvln; an oriel n a- <ut Is a n?g >tl itlon in I a
international relations, partly lirrmm! they beiieve tha! thla
p.irt ctonga to Ibr Her srlment of foreign Kelatlona (always
rnervlrig the Inierference of fongr -.a ah I the official re.
aoonstbllity, In ao far aa they are concerned I, otul partly l>ecau-.e
your committee docs not find thai the or mlnal law
CiD ho "applied here, aa far aa fir|aocu*ation * >e , for Ju t clary
and penal legialailnn ba> not tet been provided fur in
i?es of violation ot Ini rnatlonal law. actmrd ne to number
fifteen of the *evetit*eiith ?r . e of the constitution. Your
committee, tbere'nrn, oouflies lt?ef to judge ?ald
agreement aa aa Internal act in retard to otir taws. The
import*i.co given by the IVrrddent of the republic to thte
negotlttion was to great that when thr House of Repre.
seniativea tried to Inves'igutc the reasons of the Kayo's
coming to our shores, the President did not hesitate a mo.
men! to commit the great .'legality of dlss.dvtng I'ongrese
and holding thte bodv up before the nation and the whole
world ae responsible lor the crime of high treason ard for
the very grave consequences of a foreign war. Yon know,
tha nation knows and the whole wor d knows th <t th#
House of Representatives. in Investigating the affair of the
"Rayo," which was rather mnirr oua. aa the Pre.ideni bad
formerly delared in an official document that aha waa Ma
property, did not only eierctso one of ita conrtltitional
power*, but fulflllad lu duty not to be rem'aa In the clearing
up of facta of the higheat Importance, which the light of the
foreign preen made apparent. Without any doubt the
Prealdent of the republic eireeded bin powers, partly In apptorlng
a aecrct agreement without thoee prerioue fnatruct
one which the Senate ought to hare glren him. according
to No 2 of the hi at article of the conatitution, partly lu ratifying
It and ordering it to he carried into effect without the
prerioue approaal of Congress. aa eMpulated In .Vo. II of
the tfth article end No. S of the Mth article of the roast I tutlon.
And it la further beyond douM that the Minister*
Plenipotentiary of the repnblia, llannel Maria Moaqoom
and General huatorjio S?;gar, aa aleo the t'ounul General
Pranetson Agudelo. hare Incurred grare rrrp .nathllity for
baring lent themaelrra to carry out a ferret trretr without
prerioue approral of Congre.a, and wuhout malting any
lemonetranco ngainet Ita illagailly. aa prorldad by criminal
law for turh ca?en.
Such la the purely Internal clew of thin genre matter,
whk h your eommmee haa taken, and they retpectfnlly aubmil
to your enlightened judgment.
To the llouie of Ret rcneutatiren.
Rooora. A'ignnt 7, l'k".
Manuel huarei Fortoul. Manuel D. f'amacho, Julian liarre
ra.
The flrrt of these three member* of the committee
ban miide a ttalrment to tho efert that, ae ore of the
eccueed Ind vidua'* If related to him. he haa not taken
any part id the ditcuaaione of tha committee previone
to drawing up tha report, and will abataln from participating
In the debalen on the reaoiutlnn proponed.
Tine resolution, or bill of Indictment, aa brought in by
the committee, read* as follow*.?
The Houne of Representative* renolren- ?
I. To lm|>each before the .-enate the Grand General Tomas
r. de .Mosquera. rreaideet of 'he R?publlc. and the
Or ream n of Mate, General Rudeoindo t.opor and Frollan
l.argueh*. for baring concluded a necret ag-cement with
tb? Mintnter Plenipotentiary of Peru. Colonel Manuel
Pretre. on the 2"th of tail August, without prarloua Inetruetlona
frota tba Senate, and for haring erchanged and ratified
tha aama, and ordered It lo be carried out on the list of
Herein her, without precious apprornl of Congress.
1 To instruct the Attorney General of the nation to order
Uie trial of the Mlnlntera Plenipotentiary of the republic.
Manuel Maria Moaquera and General f uetorjlo Salgar. and
of tho Consul General Franclaco Agudclo, tar haring lent
thetnerlrra to tulgl and eiccute *a;d agreement; to which
end he will recetre corlee of ell the document*
I'topoeed by the united Commute* on Violation of
Constitution and Laws.
MANCRT. SCARE!! pnRTOlb.
MA.SU L, D. CAMACHO.
J. IIKKKARA
Bogota, August 7, 1SS7.
>'or certain reason* It might he regret tal that tho document*
referring to ttu* ti.altar hare not all horn mad*
public, and that Coagre-a hag not taken tnlo celt-'Idem
Ikon the du(?gn*uoaal bcwrUg* of the irtftty. But tbay
?LR SBBBT.
thought that, (Ten without ex porn* mora ef Moeqaera'a
rMo?liii?e. auou 'h had teen bryught 10 light to legally
condemn him and damn him in puttie opinion for ?|1
eiernuv. And the* a d not wetf to hart mot ttun
"" necessary in# feehngi of Pride's government.
I understand that the Paruvmn Minister wtll noon
withdraw from th? chilly etmonphere of R'HtoU and
proceed to Veneiuela, to which repuMto be la also eccrwdltod.
Tho election for President haj taken plana in I ha
several States, and it only r-mains fur tba reapaottva assemblies
to make tba scrutiny and daeiara tba moult.
80 far only Cauca and Uollrar are heard from, Iba former
for Eustorjlo fcalgar, lata lliniatar at Waahlngtoa,
who is expected on the Isthmus by next staamar, and
Bolivar In 'avor of -Huntoa GuliOrrws. M. rwlgar will
certainly not ha President. Hit record of the laat cini
war or Moequera is not vary bright, aa ba la aaid to have
b'ttoharad hundrada of poupla In cold blood, and bta I
rorent exploits In the diplomatic line hara not baipad to
bottar bis reputation. Tba ooly reatea why ba waa
a'ected la K-'-anae Moaq lera wati'od him to be el acted.
It waa Mnaquara'a plan to bnva ttva or all different candldataa
elected, Salgario one State, Guttorrai In another,
ltojaa Garnda in another, with two or three epposllion
candidate* For In this case no candidate would bare
the noeaaanry ahaolulo majority of the State volar (Or*
out of nine Slates), Congress would bare to elect n President,
n* provided for in the constitution, and tba and of
It all would have bean bis continuance la power. Thie
'J?!? K?*aa baa bean spoiled, but tba question is new?
Who will ba the next President? Congress, which baa to
make tba scrutiny and declaration of the votes, masts
is February nest, and on the brat of April (a vary appropria1
a day) the President enters upon his term,
which la for two yean. So people begin to bo anxious
about tho result of tho election.
In a former letter I hare spoken of seme of the most
likely candidates, and can therefore be shorter now. If
General Gutlenws taxes charge or tho Presidency on bta
arrival at Begot i, so by law he should do, then ho cannot
bo President next rear, according to an article of the
constitution which prohibits 00a person to hold that office
in two aucoeasire terms. If ha should mnaaxo to
keep General Aooeta In the ebalr bta election will be
almost oortain. But It it not vary likely ho will do that,
for if that was his ia<antlon ba had better have remained
in Europe a few months longer; and, besides, Aooeta,
from good account*, appears to be thoroughly atok of the
place. Suppose, then, that Outlorrox la left out of the
count, who will be the chosen iodivlduol ? Tbe conservative!,
who are dallv gaining ground, are in hopes that
thev may secure tbe next election for tbelr candidate,
Pedro J. Berrto, tbe Governor of Antloquia; and this la
not unlikely, for they wilt concentrate all their strength
upon one candidate, the only acknowledged leader of
their party. Moaqurra was shrewd enough to damage
forever the reputation and Influence which some of the
principal conservatives bad in their party by making
'hem accept favors fr->m him. Thus General Hermit, bis
sor. in-law hut political opponent, was damned In the
eyea of the conservatives bv Mozqnern recalling
bim from exile and restoring to bim bis
rank and salary. General Canal lost his prestige
by reoetvtng Irom Mosquera s grant for building a road
from Tiiqurrea to Barbacoas; tho same trick was tried
with General Posada, but with bad suocess, as I bad occasion
to remark elsewhere. Posada, however, is old
ana not ambitions. Berrlo, therefor*, ii the onl v candidate
of the conservatives. Mo.quera endeavored to
place hits also In a false position with his political
friend* by sending uerran to him with a flat'aring latter
of reoonciliat'.on; but Berno declined the honor in a
verv declMlve tone. Besides, Berrto is an asoellent
men.
But the rotas, owing to Kosq tiers'* elcllfnl manlnulaHon*,
will probably split among different candidates,
and the fruit of this manoeuvre will most likely be for
hi* rreat enemy, although nominally a member of the
-ame party?vlx,, Dr. Menu-I Murlllo For if the case
really happen* that no candidate ha? tho absolute maloriiy
of rotas, and Oonerog* baa to make a choice. Dr.
Mnrillo will probably be the fortunate one. Murltlo and
flnUd rro* may, for their time, be able to keep the countrr
in comparative quietness; but as soon as tho conservatives
gala the upper hand, or even if tho radicals
should return to power, there wilt be ibe beginning of
the end of th > ? United States of Colombia." Tho republic
will fo'l into pieces; and. If I am not mistaken,
C'auca will be the tlrat to declare Itself independent, an
example which will eoon be followed by other Slates,
and tlila movement with all of them will only be a
question of time.
PERU.
SPECIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE NENAIO.
Plan to Assassinate Prudo? Arrests?Per*via*
Iter <il in Ions?Tho Constitution Bill PassedPrndo
to be Inuucnratcd Constitution*!
President on Ancuat 31.
Lnta, August 28, 1887.
This citv I* full of rumors of revolution on account of
several arrests baring boon made by government within
s few days, the principal persons being two colonels In
charge of two battalions it this city and Callao. The
papers are very quiet in respect to it on account of the
government trying* to keep H secret The plan was to
assassinate Prado on the 30th inst during the ceremony
in honor of Santa Rosa, the patroness of the Peruvian
arms, and then for the two battalions In question
to declare in favor of Canseco, the former Vice President.
Tbo one who was to commit the assassination, and
who is in prison now enrolling trial, is a Captain Varela,tho
same who tried to take the corvette Union in Valparaiso
Bay about four months ago, and whon bo found ho could
not succeed jumped overboard and swam ashore. He
rsturned to this city after Castllla'a death, under the
pardon granted by Congress. The conspiracy was denounced
by a man named Espinoza, who was to have
taken part in it, but when be learned of the proposed
assassination be denounced the whole plan, there la
no doubt but that the country la all ready for another
revolution, bnt tbo beginning will have to be, like all the
others, in Arequlpa, for all plans in this city are sure to
be found out in time to prevent any chanoo of success.
Arequlpa Is the keystone oi ail revolutions, and being
the revolution ia sure to get a good headway before government
can take any steps to stop It. It is strange how
rich province, and at some distance from the capital,
infatuated these people are with a revolution, and the
moment one U started, how soon It cots to be the
fashion. Since 1353 no President but Castillo has served
out his time, and he only succeeded in doing so by bard
Ogbting. The country, however, has been getting
poorer and poorer after each revolution, until, as in the
pr sent administration, the public Treasury exists only
in name. A little account of the different governments
mav bo of ioterest to tha many readers of the Haaai.n.
In the year is.%3 this country iu governed by a good
n,an, a roan of good character and conciliating In bis
principles; always ambitious of tbo public welfare, and
believing tbat the happiness of the country constated in
abundance. Rivers or gold run through the Republic;
misery was then a thing uukanwn?a plant that at
that time bad not been discovered in tbs
country; Ecbenique was turned out because in
using the public purse he represented too magnificent
a liberalitr. Costilla, his accuser, came in. H" was
not a spendthrift, but always took good care that ble
employ** wcro well paid. Castillo finished his term,
aud Han Ronton came in. Hs was the first one to make
reforms in the public expenditure, for he well knew that
ihewaylha country had been going on wu ruinous.
He was Just beginning to gov things economically arlaaited
when be died, and I'exet came in. Tt was a
pleasant eight to see bow Pezei used the money, as if
It wsa his own and not the country's. After I am satisfled
others can have a share, seemed to have been the
motto of this President, the proof of which is very enueut
when one remembers that ho gavo $3,000,000 of
the bail- nai patrimony to the enemies of the country as
a reward to the Span-ards for Insulting the national
honor and violating the national territory. Peset represented
prodigality to hit followers, acting always as
If he was carrying out a puol'c charity, and always
taking particular car^ to commence with himself,
which practice finally opened the doors for his tail.
Trade came in, and, contemplating the state of the public
debt, was ost< undsd. Ths public Treasury was a
thing or a name without an sxlstene*. All durisg hie
administration be has bean trying all ways to Improve
the public incotaa and reduce the expenditure, but with
no result; lor not succeeding In any of bis undertakings
to meet ths public expenditure, the country has lost hope
in him, and is now reo*ly for his successor. Who that
will be, and If he will do any better than Prado, Is a question
that Unis will nettle.
A man named Robert H. Red dp baa made a representation
to Congress, ottering to load sbips with guano at
the rate of seven reals s ton, which is a great dsol lass
than what It costs tbs governmant at present.
Congress has been very busy during the past week on
tbo question la respect 10 declaring the M? constitution,
and I'rndoconstitutional President long speeches have
been made on both ?idAi, and I'rndo hoe been ratber
roughly hcrdled by the opposition. Up to yesterday the
oppoeltlon have been the strongest, but yesterday, after
a great deal of argument, and considerable excitement,
the question was put to vote and carried by til against 28,
so that ths constitution will be declared en the 31st
Inst and Prerto regularly installed President on the same
dev. There Is no doubt but that some of the members
mails s good thing out of it and sold their voles at a tremendous
prica The country pays tt all, however, std
grows poorer meanwhile. The Minister of War declares
to Congress, in eecret session, tbat from information tbo
g vernmsnt had received, it was not probable that the
Ppsrisb fi?st would return to ilia Pacific, loiters from
Chile eta's that the truce bee been already slsned In
which either party baa to givo ths oilier all Deaths'
notice before commencing active operations
Congress has ordered that a company of competent
etig n?*r? be appo nted to aiirvey and report ou tbe proposed
railroed toJauJa. Once flnlatied, that w.U bo a
raluabl* Improvement In tbo country, for helat a very
rich valley, the provlelonn Which now bate to be imported
from Cblle will come iroro tbere.
Tho ice monopoly la to be eold again In a few dare at
pnblle auction, the bnele of tbe (ale being an offer
already received by government, li.OOO aoie a year.
HTKRML RETEWE HKTR1 <TIO*S.
SrtClAL TeLEGRAin _T0 THE HERAL3.
BrrrtiA, Sept. 20, 1M7,1
t? 0 clock r. M. >
The Commlaeiooer of Internal Revenue baa informed
the Collector of 1 hie dteirict. In anewer to a number of
Icquirlee, tbat collector* hare no author.ty to remit penalise
irapoaed on peraoas far failing to pey their annual
taxae wiihin tbe time required by law In all cnae*, ha
mva, where tbe penallien oorur, It mutt be IMuod and
coiterfeff per iDrtruetlene leaned Kerch, IMT.
CHILE.
SPECIAL CURHESPOWPEIiCE Of THE HEXAIO.
TU? Plvhtlng Htrenglb of 1'lillr? Flnanrui
KmImrim ftri the lioaini * ear? ttelora
Bills Ue(*r* V**cr**?.
VuJAUMMO, August IT, 1MT.
The *alr okut* la tb* military aituatiua, aa regards
the all 1*4 rspublioa and Spain, ia the dacraaaa of eiolta.
moot and tba revival or bo pea that Spain doaa not realty
intend to renew baatiliiiaa si thia coast. Merchant#
bare auapandad tba tranaportal ton of goods from tba
Custom House to 8aatlace for storage, and buainaaa Is
Improving, but bow long this state of things alii exist is
to be determined bp tba intelligence which tba next saab
steamer map bring. Tba tenaolty wiib wbieb Ms
ooanlry clings to tba baps that tba Spaniards win net
return Is remarkable, and, to those who bare attentively
watched the progress of affalra, Inexplicable. I do bat
entertain tba slightest doubt that the Spanish fleet wM
soon appear In these waters, and tba povarnmeot
of Chile, wbll# It affects to disfaabara
that Spain aontampUtad a renewal ef the war,
still seams to aatertaia aertoua apprehensions, aa wort In
bolng pushed forward with all poaalbU daapatoh on Mte
forUflcaUana, and guns are being rapidly mounted. Two
weeks ago tba oonatrr was la n high fever or alarm, bat
now perfect eereally prevails, to be disturbed, probably
aa aeriously aa before, by tba arrival of tba firm foreign
mails. Tba array baa bean raduoad almost to a paaaa
footing. The national guard, whose defective organisation
and nail-democratic tendencies the Minister of War
proponed to reform, and tor wbieb purpose ha is now
preparing n bill to submit to Congrvaa, consists at pramut
of flfty-four thousand rank and flie; of which throe
thousand are artillery, eighteen thousand cavalry and
thirty-three thousand infantry. This foice, however, la
not the rog ilar troops, but is a sort of militia, kept in a
high state of military drill and discipline. The regular
army amounts to but a few thousand troops: but tba
militia or volunteer fores la scarcely leas effective, aad
is always ready for use This organization Is being roduood.
but to wlist extent the Minister of War will dto.
pose to reform Uio arm/ remains to be developed. The
fortlflrations of Valparaiso are at last assuming a formidable
character. Noar'y a hundred guns, most of tbem etf
heavy calibre, bars been placed in position, and
tbo artillerists are <1 ally drilled in the use of heavy
ordnance. Some of tho practice with the large gana la
very creditable, and although there are many grave
defects In the construction of the batteries, tuch aa
masonry where there should be earth, magazines of neubetantial
(notorial located In the most exposed localities,
and vory bad gun oarriage foundations that are
already break'ng up with target practice and seriously
Interfering with the working of the guns, the defeaeea
promise to become sufficiently strong by the time tha
Spanish fleet reaches tbo Pacido to detor the Spanish
admiral from attacking the city. Should he undertak a
to bombard Valparaiso ha will suffer heavily, hut there
is no doubt if be desires he could dostroy the city la a
very short time. In spite or the ba'teriet, by shelling tha
combustible portions of the town. A few flree ones
started by shells *ould sweep through the city like a
whirlwind, and would leave of the business parts nothing
but rulnBand ashes. He would certainly lose oae or tww
vessels in accomplishing this, but it Is absolutely Impossible
for the forts to prevent a fleet In this open roadstead
Prom firing tha town if the naval commander la so
disposed.
The allied Squadron is still waiting (or something la
"turn up." The Peruvian ships are at Coqetmbo, sad
the 1 hllean veeseie in this bay. The Chilean corvette
Esmeralda is receiving new boilers, sent out from tha
United States, and wilt soon be ready for sea. Tha
Anoud hie just been sold by the Chilean go vera meal.
This steamer was formerly known in the United States
as the Cherokee, end was purchased last year for tba
enormous snm of $*>75,000. Many thousand dotlaaa
have been expended on her in changing her from a
merchant vestel into a man-of-war, and now the pepera
announce her s<le by the government. The price le aat
given. She is a fast vessel, and, la good bands, woatd
Tbe financial estimates for the coming roar have (mm
laid before Congress. The disbursements amount to
$11,604,902 43s aad the eetimated recelpta show a total
ol only $0,009,000. leering a deficit of $$,000.$$%
which i* ex*>ected to be corered with the anrplua of Ike
last loan. Among the expenditures la Incloded tbe pay*
ment of the eecond dividend of the loan of
?400,000 negotiated In London. The Senate hao
tbe financial estimates under diaeuaslon, and ta expected
to Inaugurate aome retrenchment in the national expenditures.
The total amount of tbe national debt of Ohllo
la a mooted question. The lllnfsier of finance aaoounoea
It aa being $31,000,000, while Congreeamaa Lealarrla,
who until recently has been one of tbe leeding eupportasn
of the admlnletra'lon, asserts In a lengthy speech on tbe
state of the country that the debt amounts to $42,000,Mil
Both assertions have tholr defenders, and It is impossible
to decide which is correct
Congress has before It a number of Important Mllo
proposing reforms, among tbem on# for the abolition of
capital p ninhmeut, anolhar abolishing imprisonment
for debt, and another to release municipalities from tbeif
responsibility to the national Executive. The first two
will probably be passed, but the passage of the other In
doubtful, owing to the powerful opposition it will meet
with at the hands of the government party. It la aloo
proposed to call a national convention In 1870 for Iks
amendment of the coa.-titution; but this bae its opponents,
prominont among whom is the present Minister of
fruo iiivvnur nuu rurt.gu Aiisirv, nr. vuTArruuiu. 1 ma
gentleman. with eleven member* or the Senate. presented
a proposition for the amendment of the constitution by
Congress to create the ineligibility of tM
President ef the republic for re-election, a mom
democratic organization of the Senate, increased feotMtiea
for tb? acquisition of the righta of Chilean clttgea*
ahip, the right of assembly and the limitation of tlM
extraordinary power* of the Executive. The former
plan, ex..ling for a national convention to cooaider the
question of reform in all its features, meets with goaeral
lavor, and will probably be preferred to the oae
ofli red t.y the Minister of tbe Interior end hit frlcndn.
Id discussing the subject of retrenchment Congress ban
already commenced cutticg down expense* by raductng
the Chilean legations at Brazil and Ecuador to the secood
class it was also proposed to do the same with
tha representative to the United .Staloa and to Ecru, hot
this was finally overruled. At the sacac time Congreer
lassed a bill sensing to Mexico an envoy or tbe highest
rat*. I his was doua immndiatalv after the news warn
recw.ved of Ibc death of Maximilian, and indicate* the
oplolsn of Chile reepecting that mvoge murder. The
/'airniof Valparaiso sari:?
Thla ehnwx that the representatives of the ration ar* far
from shsrtig Kitropean prepo?sm?iona aa to the Inviolability
of prince* inr iwhile, according to last s count". <nne
of tne Old World govo.-nn enis were eertondy th rking of
hrrjgingolf (lolom.s'le relation* with Mexico hecause eI
the execution t.f Maximilian. the hill In question ps*?ed loth
Chambers wftbxui s dissenting voice. Nor I* Una the op uioe
of Congress aloae Th* unnmmoua vardlet of th* nubile
h >a he* n .hat th* leant of the t mbitioua llapabiirg was ae
act of Juettec. petWul but necea axry. There Is not a single
person. eap*"ial'v ol those who rdv'o.-ato the abolition of the
death penalty, wh. so f?etlng< of humanity have not hern
shoe Iced hy the execntcn of the prisoner or Qnerctaro; bet
Ihla painful Imprasaion will vanish when we oonsider that
the Mexicans have dona no more than execute upon the
| er< >n of the ex Emi-r e the aanvoinsry derrea which be
himself had leaned agmn*. Meitcsn prieoner* who had bee*
guiltv of no other e-nne than that of defending their
country?a decree which w*?executed with unspsrln* rigor.
Rnlera who in the eeeond half of the blt eo-nth csntury
ord* en unarmed enemy to baslauchterad place I'uemaalvew
bevood the pais of law and civt.nation.
The guano enterprise at Mexiilone* i* progressing
farorably, and hopes are anteneieed of getting out rem
quantities of good guano in a rtnrt time. The Cbllcma
Covernr.ieot baa commenced tbe construction of custom
on see, to be erected at Wexlll.oee, and la eboni te
make th* n'oeesary appointmetu of custom boom
aflktnla
At (.'alders a new iron mot* la to be constructed I*
fa'ilitstc oe loading aad reloading of cargoes.
The steamer that oame in from tie South th* other
day discovered the remain* ef a genthiaao float:eg a*
eaa The body was elegantly dressed.and an attempt
was mad* to hoist th" body on board foithe purpose at
ascertaining. If possible, IU identity; botleccrnprmiten
was so far advaeced that tbe effort was atandoaed. la
I* supposed that tbe unfortunate maa wi* lost at MS
from some steamer.
THE SCRUPULOUS UTOR OF KW TOMt
[From the Albany Evening Journal Sept A ]
Tha Larialatufo last winter eree'ed a I a ant ? sndlt
lb* cialme Main* the city or Si? York, ami by in other
act designated ttia him official* a board lo antit tfca
claims against-he county of Haw York aMl pio idad
compensation for serrt?en reodered m both oapa.t\t*n.
| Mayor Hoffman ohi"ot* to Ibis as brine double pay s?i
, the Mayor hh an such scrnplas ta hi* ?#i e*s?. 'Mr taceiraa
a (alarr of $7 600 as Ma or of the ?-|ty of No*
1 York, and then for tho e'.mptu service *o Ilia >-oonly af
slk'ninr tha ord nanra* of th" Hoard f i|>ar?.? * bai
go's |5.000 wore, besides fl 000 aiMtt?"nel a* a < oo*.
inlsslunvr af th# Sinking 1' .ad We shall etpecl lb*
Mayor ta da-ilna draw nr the?e bum v vo " 7rr.a?
has changed his views w< ii 'er(v ? :i p ,,n moo*
he *a< rte">ri!?r of the r If* i n ? from ilia
city treasure, for ?-rclcus i- 11- <! ' ?>; iflO; as rotnmssioaer
of iho -ink>"g I ad 4 ! ' mi.isirnar
of Kwvision slid rt * >r r?ngcr nog
embayed. 1600; for n lire i?i,i, .: , nana lie will
refund lb* moi.ry* drawn :#f it. i > ,i .p.. ,\i|y
rvadarad.
1EUHCH3LT Ufk'A >1 C><T A i ' BT01. HU.JS.
Tsro Veeng l.n?l ? Hurt m Ofnlk.
(Fro r? the h >d.,u .loom* , ^ept, id. J
I*at alghl ifie 11 igr , liven* of Flast
Ahtegfon, "ho I* ' e < Ori oe, -va* destroyed
by Are, and as I in h to ?-i ght art, a ail only
children, Ahf ?. s, 1 u i Lucy, twraty-cne,
perished In i in ? Th? mo'her slept in the lower
pert of the -e, ati'i H". ,iau *-* ' a ai'hamher directly
over ?i A - it ven aVIo k Mr?. koine wan
airakened hr r e n i f Kcf deignier* running amnud
their chamber and streaming. fclie man- ,1 itnn iHl.aiely
to the ata'r-, but tiio pa . :e wav waa ao fitted with
awoke, and the sin ra themselves saentirely on Are, thai
ahe Could not get to her children, f?n# then ran to tha
nearest nstehbors for help. IT, C'aderwood was the Ore*
to reach tha burning home. He entered the nouea
though the chamber window 6j means of a ladder, and
searched for the voting ladies* till his hair and face wera
scorched by the Aaniee. wb'A ha waa elltgsd to desist,
unsuccessful. Tne house era* burned lo the ground, and
Ibis morning th* rems.ma of the unfortiittaie ynong
women were found In tan ruins Th* Art ta supposed ta
hare been acaldaniaL