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t 6 NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AMD AUK STREET. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, proprietor. Letters ?nd packaged should be properly sealed. XXXVII No. 950 AMUSEMENTS THIS EVEMM. THEATRE COMIQUE. 614 Broadway -Nkw York EI ruiiiu, Ao. WALLACE'S THEATRE. Broadway and Thirteenth street?Ixioh; ok, Tbk Mam at tuk Wubkl. FIFTH AVENUE THEATRE, Twenty-fourth streetDiamomm. ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Fourteenth stieot.?Mebohakt Or Vhioi. ORAND OPERA HOUSE, Twenty thir I at. and Eighth v.?Rot Carottk. BOOTH'S THHATRE, Twenty-third street. corner Sixth Tcnuc.?Thk Bklls; or, Tub Polisu Jkw. BOWERY THEATRE. Bowerv ? Bkktiia, thk Skwiho Mauhink Oibl?Thk Rouuh Diamond. WOOD'S MUSEUM. Broadway, corner Thirtieth St.? Cuow-Ohow. Allernoon and Evening. OLYMPIC THEATRE. Broadway, bo twee n Houston and Bletckcr bU.?Rkd 1'ockktbook. WHITE'S ATIIENiBUM, 5K5 Broadway.? Nboro MmSTBBL8T, AC. ' BRYANT'S OPERA HOUSE, Twenty-third st.. corner Clll ?T.?NkORO WlNSTRKI.Sr, Ecckntkicitt, Ac. ST. JAMBS THEATRE, cornor of 28th at and Broail"Way.? Sam Pkancisco Minstubls in Kaiick, Ac. 720 BROADWAY, EMERSON'S MINSTRELS.?Oband IBTmoriAN Euokktricitiks. < JAMES ROBINSON'S CHAMPION CIRCUS, corner ot 'Madison avenue and Porty-flith .street. 1 NEWARK INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION, Washington etreet, corner of Court, Newark. N. J. AMERICAN INSTITUTE FAIR, Third av., between 63d And Mth streets. , CENTRAL PARK QARDEN.?Obamd Instromkntal Con CHUT. NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 618 Broadway fClBMCB AMD ABT. TRIPLE SHEET. Hew York, Thursday, Sept. IS, 1879. CONTENTS OF TO-DAY'S HERALD. IPAOS. 1 1?Advertisement*/ a?Advertisements. 3?The Campaign: Grand Republican Rally at the Cooper Institute Last Evening; Speeches by Governor Jewell and Mr. Choate?The Political Headquarters?State Campaign Committees?The Demonstration To-Night?Horace to the Green Mountains?State Conventions? The ' Straight-Out'' Democrats. 4?The Livlngstone-Stanlev Mystery: Dr. Livingstone's Relations with the British Government, and the Royal Geographical Society?A Devil and Her Deeds?The Revision of Postal Rates?Les Trois Tetons: The United States Geological Surveying Expedition in the llocky Mountains?Trotting at Prospect Park Fair Grounds, Hail's Driving Park and Fleetwood Park?Newark's New Police Departure. 8?Financial and Commercial: A Rather Easier Feeling in the Money Market; Loans on Call 4 a 5 Per Cent; A Decline and a Rally in Foreign Exchange; An Advance in the Bank of England Discount Rate Looked For; Gold Firmer In Consequence; The stock Market Depressed and Prices Down; The "Hear" Clique Busy Again; Vindication of the Hkkai.d Report of the Loss of the America: Another Decrease in Erie Earnings?Events in Brazil: . A Stroke of Lightning Made to Order?A Submarine Torpedo Boat?Shocking Brutality in Jersey. e?Editorials: Leading Article, "The Financial (Condition of tli? Country?'The Nation's Ore dit Superior to Presidential Contests"? Amusement Announcements. "7?The Congress or the Crowns?The Alabama Claims?Cable Telegrams fioin England, Frauce, Spain and Portugal?Forrester: TUe Examination at the Tombs Yesterday and the Disposal of the Prisoner; llow the Police Were Iuformed of the Prisoner's Connection with the Nathan Murder?The Metis Investigation?Miscellaneous Telegrams?Business Notices. 8?Interesting Proceedings In the New York and Brooklyn Courts?Nearly Murdered br Mistake ? Yorkvlile Police Court ? "Checkmated"?Travelling Ladies Refused Hotel Accommodations? Hoat Tnleves?Marriages and Deaths?Advertisements. [9?Advertisements. *0?Massachusetts: The Liberal-Democratic Joint Convention at Worcester; Harmony and Enthusiasm; Charles Sumner Nominated for Governor; Speeches by Oenerul Hanks and i Mr. O'Connor, of South Carolina?Shipping Intelligence?Advertisements. (II?Advertisement* Jl??Advertisements. , ?1 Thb Congress of the Emperobs. ?The Berlin demonstration has been grand in its Cy. It has been a great triumph, in the it place, for autocratic as contrasted irilh democratic rolo. The Emperors enjoy the show. It has been a great triumph, in the jeoond place, for Germany. The German people tho wide world over enjoy the occasion, r because they know that it is the first demonstration of the kind which glorifies the German race. All this is good and intelligible. But even the sun has its shadow. Tho shadow in this case comes through the London Times. pThe Times expects that when the conference at perlin is over a circular note will be issued explaining its pacific nature. When the deed Is done, or rather when the compact is made, j&t is well enough to speak of peace. Has it ksome to this, that the world, the commercial porld particularly, is at the mercy of the three PBmperors? Not yet, we think; but proud |)6oplo will in momenta of enthusiasm let out. C Prince Bismabck's Cubioos Wish.?The prince Premier of Germany has been complimented by the municipality of Berlin with [the freedom, or honorary citizenship, of W Prussian capital. His reply to the Mayor, Vftor receiving the corporate honor, was charfcicteristic of the man. He averred that the Meeting of the Emperors strengthened confidence in peace, which was "almost as vnlua^?ble as peace itself." The precise meaning Jwhich may attach to the concluding words is Very equivocal, particularly so to people who nave imagined that the Germau Empire, as at present constituted, is a dominion aggregation of the peace principle conquered by war. ^'Almost as valuable as peace itself!" Does this denote that smouldering embers of the late war *rith France remain on the battle fields from ftearbruck to Sed&n? The famous Prussian expressed a most curious aspiration next. He ^aid "he wished history could now remain at fi standstill for a while." Why so? It should Km, we think, that he would be only too happy for the busy pen of the chronicler of current events to be still more busy in noting down jthe brilliant facta which must have transpired during the Congress of the Crowns. But it xnay be that Bismarck does not consider the facts as brilliant Perhaps they are displeasing to him?despite the consolation -of the Austro-Hungarian Cross?and hcnco his anxiety for silence in the future^ History dose not stand still. It has been forccd to do ^ro, however, and at a very remarkable epoch. The British government and Parliament declared, after the restoration of the Monarchy, that the period of the protectorate of Cromwell "was and shall be a blank in history." It remains so officially in Britain at this hour. But, perhaps, the German Prince Statesman JMM been unreported. NEW YOKI The FlmucUl Condition of the Conntry?The Nation's Credit Bnperlor to Presidential Contests. In oach recurring period of a Presidential campaign the American people are awakened I to a discussion of the israea npon whioh reata the prosperity of the ooantry. Thia ia wholesome in the although working aome interruption of busineaa, aa through the agitation of thought thus occasioned American citizens are educated in the principles of political economy. It ia largely because of thia distraction from the carea of business to the cares of State onoe in every four years that our Republic exists with such promiso of vitality. Our people, in their knowledge and interest in the welfare of the country, are not sovereigns merely in name, but intelligent rulers. In the present campaign the condition of our financea has assumed a prominence greater than almost any of the other points at issue between the two parties. This is to some extent unfortunate, as, owing to the reckless antagonism of party organs, many misstatements are made aud circulated, to the direct injury of legitimate bitsiness interests. We propose here to correct some of these false impressions that have gained / vmlnn/ia fKvAimli on imv^rfnnf IrnnwlnHim ftf the conditions which infiuonoe trade and finance. It is true, the country has suffered from mistaken as well as partisan legislation on the part of Congress, much of which, through a persistent ignorance, scarcely to be accounted for, of the commonest principles which govern commercial movements, has been detrimental. Mr. Boutwell's numerous bluudors have also been hurtful; but neither his experimental efforts at political economy, nor the usual cry of politicians that we are on the verge of ruin, have been sufficient to arrest the onward march of the country to commercial greatness. Further, whether Grant or Greeloy bo President during the next four years, or whatever may be the chances of one or the other during the canvass, is an item which only affects speculators. The credit of the United States rests on a more secure basis than the accidental occupant of the White House. Mr. Boutwell may endoavor to demonstrate Adam Smith to be "all wrong," or Mr. Greeloy may apply his knowledgo of farming to the Treasury Department and try some deep-soil ploughing in a financial way; but the country exists, and neither Mr. Boutwell, Mr. Grant nor Mr. Greeloy can hurt it much. In all civilized nations the foreign commerce of a country is the method by which its commercial standing is measured. In this respect Groat Britain is, and has been, preeminently the first nation. Her foreign commerce has steadily increased, until the enormous figuro of three thousand millions of dollars has been reached. This result has been accomplished by wise statesmanship and the most liberal support by the government of all enterprise looking to the extension of British commerce. Besides, the Chancellor of the Exchequer is iu constant and daily communication with the leading trades people and representative commercial men, attentivo to their wants and suggestions, open to instruction and never attempts to force a policy tipon the country against the protest of the commercial body. France iu point of foreign commerce is the second nation of the world, the annual value of her foreign commerce being now about one thousand five hundred millions of dollars. The United States has made rapid strides in foreign commerce during the last two de! cades, notwithstanding the interruption caused by the rebellion, and our improvement in this respect is remarkable. Our total foreign commerce in 1852 was four hundred and twenty-two millions of dollars, which was increased in 18G0, at the outbreak of the rebellion, to seven hundred and sixty-two millions. From that period to the close of the war our wnaaA/l ^V*r?V> manu vipiu. j iuruigu tuuiuicivo |/unov\? ?u*wu^M ^ ? I eitudes, and one year ran down as low as I four hundred and thirty-five millions. After | the close of the rebellion there was a rapid improvement, until, for the fiscal year euding | June 30, 1871, our foreign commerce reachod 1 a total of eleven hundred millions. For the fiscal year which closed last June the official figures have not yet been made out, but it is estimated the total will roach twelve hundred millions?the largest in the history of the country. When we consider that this resuit has been accomplished in the face of virtually hostilo legislation, it presents an evi; dence of commercial progress and greatness of j which any people may be proud. It shows, also, the remarkable recuperative qualities of the country which from the ashes of such dire destruction which our civil war brought upon us could so soon raise such a magnificent monument of financial strength. But another and still stronger indication of a country's prosperity is its internal commetco; and no country in the world can present such a striking increase in this respect as the United i States. This rapid growth in internal comj merce is the natural result of the extension of i our system of internal improvements, more 1 especially railroads. It is interesting in this j connection to note the steady increase of ! railroad mileage here. In 1830 there were twenty-three miles of railroad in j operation in the Umtcd States. In 1845 there were 2,218 mil*; in 1850, 9,021 miles; in 1860, 30,635 miles, and in 1871, 60,852 miles. The gross value of the internal commcrce of our railroads during the fiscal year ending June, 1871, is stated in round numbers 1 at $15,000,000,000? greater than the entire foreign commerce of the whole world. All this vast commerce and its consequent ! wealth has been created by the extension of our railroad system, which has progressed more rapidly here than in any other country in the world. Here comes in one large item of our foreign indebtedness, about which wo hear so much in connection with that much-quoted but misunderstood expression, "the balance of trade." A large proportion of our im| ports which go to make op that horrid bile noire of a balance of trade against us is nothing more than an investment, which not only pays for itself in a few yearn, but gives new wealth to the country. Take, ! for instance, the railfoad iron imported. By its aid we have tapped within the past few ; years new mineral regions never before accessij ble to commerce, and largely increased the I area of our cereal productions. In the use of | raw material like this there is no balance of ! trade against us. I Co&cengBg our yumcdiute condition, late I HERALD. THUHSDAV, t ?. t (Ulricas give assurance that, while the cotton crop this year is less than the average of previous years, it is greater than last year, and a fair crop. We have grain enough to supply any deficiency that may occur elsewhere, and market an exceptionally large clip of wool. The Fall business has opened actively in the Atlantic oities, and large amounts of goods are now being sent to the interior for consumption. Owing to the financial controversy whioh has grown out of the Presidential campaign there is a strong disposition towards conservatism among business men. This is not hurtful in a general sense, but, on the contrary, may serve as an opportunity for more thoughtful action on the part of many of our business men. We have heard a good deal during this campaign as far as it has progressed, and will doubtless hear a great deal more, concerning the enormous amount of American securities held abroad and the great drain upon us for internal arilk Ilia nnuuihlA Hftiiffftr of A Midden return upon us of a large amount of these securities. This is altogether political claptrap. As a young country we are naturally borrowers. We could not borrow if thero wore not a solid basis to our credit European confidence in our bonds takes no account of Presidential changes, but is based upon the steady increase of our commerce, foreign and domestic, as shown above; the development of our mineral rosources, such as gold, silvor, coal, iron, Ac., and the constant tide of emigration hither, which is continually adding to our national wealth. A great cloud which threatened to settle down upon us as though we were involved in the bosom of destruction has fortunately lifted, giving assurance after its threatening aspect that fair daylight will prevail. Georgia recently threatened repudiation. It is stated now she has reconsidered her purpose. We take no account of the justification for such an aot; but when, as tho result of this Presidential canvass, no matter who is elected, we clasp hands across the bloody chasm and welcome our wayward sisters into full association with the family of States that make up our blessod Union, they must como free of all suspicion of defalcation, that the credit of a reunited country may stand unquestioned before the world. Tile Board of Aldermen and the Underground Ilailroad. Much as New York ncods the means of rapid transit in the direction of the length of the island, and gladly as the Vanderbilt plan has hoon hailed by the general public as offering it, there are obstacles to its operations. By the resolution of Alderman Conover, adopted in the Board on Monday, the Corporation Counsel is directed to take legal measures to prevent the appropriation of any real estate of the city for the use of tho proposed underground railway until the value thereof shall be fixed and its payment scoured for the benefit of the sinking fund pledged to redeem the city debt This action, if successful, will stop the excavation for the initial stAtion in the City Hall Park, opposite the new Post Office, which, if procoedcd with according to the published plan, would cncroach upon the unfinished fountain and totally destroy its beauty and effect The Board of Aldermen are bound to protect the credit of the city and sedulously guard her estate for the safety of bondholders and the municipal credit, and in that view are sanctioned in this action; yet they should bear in mind that they must also consider the public interest and the prosperity of the metropolis, which will be jeoparded by any obstruction of rapid transit Liberty to use public property is one of tho valuable franchises given to the Vanderbilt company, and one of the inducements to it to undertake a great work for the public convenience, and one essential to the continued rapid growth of tho metropolis. We cannot afford to hinder the Vanderbilt tunnel We mast pay tne sinking tuna tor tae rnna tno tunnel uses. How can the two necessities be reconciled ? The Investigation of the Metis Disaster. So fur the facts elicited by the investigating inspectors are l'ar from satisfactory. If wo are to accept the testimony of tho officers of the steamer no one wan at all to blamo for tho collision or the subsequent loss of life that \7msi* *9~*TJL * 'V e E-Tia atxr ? followed. Every one was as cool as a cucumber, and evory one did exactly what every one ought to have done. Unfortunately for our faith in this coulcur de rose picturo, no sufficient reason has been given why the life, I boats and the lifcraft were not launched in time and with that order and precision which might not unreasonably be looked for where everv one was so admirably cool. This is the weak point of Hie official stoiy. "S3' there been only a little of the steady seamanship n*Vt?AV n?n Kaha rt *?i f fn nvttA/il funnt tviAn ?n AllVli TT U UIMC U il^Ub IA7 CA|/CUV 11UU1 U1C1I Jli the~gftrb' and position of sailors many valuable lives piiglit have been saved. It is clear, even from the captain's own ' story, that the majority of {be passengers 1 owe their lives to the accidental separation of the hurricane deck from the bull of the vessel ! and the number of cotton bales in the cargo. ' Had the passengers nothing to rely upon but ' the coolness and steady conduct of the crew of the Metis we feel compelled to record our , opinion that very few of them would have esI caped death. The points upon which the chief attention of the investigation ought to rest nre, undoubtedly, tho careless examination of the injuries sustained by the vessel, the rash signalling away of the Nereus when that vessel could have rendered invaluable assistance, tho failj ure to fire gun or rocket to recall her or attract | other vessels when the sinking state of the Metis was discovered, and the utter absence of anything liko an organized attempt to launch tho lifeboats. These aro points that require close and exact answers. Such platitudes as everybody doing his best for the , 6afoty of tho passengers, in face of facts that prove that tho most ordinary precautions against loss of life wero neglccted, will not bo accepted by tho public. Either the points wo have called attention to are untruo or exaggerated or they are wholly false. 80 far the officers have not attempted to disprove them except by general statc1 ments, which are matters of opinion. If they can prove that they did mako proper efforts to launch the boat* and securo the safety of tho womon and children, lot them do so, or sUow good reason whv they foiled. 80 witb >KPTEMBKK 12. 1872.-TR1 all the main points; we want them answered distinctly, not vaguely and generally. This Metis affair is the culmination of a series of so-oalled accidents, and an example must be made of the guilty parties, il there be any, that will act as a warning to the Bteamboating fraternity. We should be happy if it can be proved that no one was to blame, but there must be satisfactory reasons shown for such a conclusion. The officers of the Metis more than others are concerned in having suoh an investigation conducted in the strictest and most searching manner if their conduct has been boyond reproach, in order that their innocence may be satisfactorily established. But, whether they are innocent or guilty, the public want the investigation to be rigid, as a proof that such accidents will not be lightly passed over in future. The Yellowatone Coamlnloa?r?-Th? Government Geological Expedition in the Rocky Mountain*?Oar Special Reporter's Latest Report. General B. E. Cowen, Assistant Secretary nf t.hft Tntarirtf. anrl IiaaiI rtf tVia Pa^ha f!nm. mission to the Sioux Indiana, with the other Commissioners and some Indian hostages, have reached Chicago en route to Washington. The Commissioners did not visit the Yellowstone, as originally intended, on account of the belligerent attitude of the Indians in that quarter, those indignant red men having organized for war to resist the building of the Northern Pacific Railroad through their hunting grounds. The Commissioners, however, pushed into the heart of the Indian country on the Upper Missouri, where they had some powwows with the savages; but from Corinne, Utah, to Helena, in Montana, they had a rough and dangerous trip. They wore attacked by the Indians; they found it difficult to get transportation, as the mosquitoes (the real Rocky Mountain mosquitoes) had driven away horses and cattle. In fact, they say that in crossing the Northern Pacific Railway route, on the Upper Missouri, two of the mules of the commission were attacked by swarms of mosquitoes and killed. And those are tho mosquitoes which they have, too, in the valley of tho Yellowstone, so that hereafter the traveller to the natural wonders of those Plutonic regions will do well to provide good strong mosquito nets, not only for his own safety, but for the protection of his mules. But while by belligerent redskins and fero cious mosquitoos General Cowen and his Peaoe Commissioners were deterred from visiting tho valley of the TTrvnof YJInwa^nft UTA hftVA (L (liffrtfAnt story to report of the United States Surveying Expedition ainoag that lofty mass of the Rooky Mountains, from which the waters are drained on the east by the Yellowstone and the other bead streams of the Missouri into the Gulf of Mexico, and on the west by the Colorado into the Gulf of California, and by the Snake River into the Columbia, and thence into the North Pacific Ocean. From a Herald commissioner on the west flank of this elevated Rocky Mountain, attending the United States Geological Surveying Expedition in that quarter, wo publish this morning a graphic and fascinating description of "fas Trois Tetons" rising from twelve to thirteen thousand feet above tho sea, and of tho wild and wonderful scenery of those mountains, with thoir enormous snow drifts and glaciers in July, from which they may well be called the Alps of tho United States. These Alps of ours, however, extend over an area which reduces that of the European Alps to a small corner in the comparison, although we have only here and there a peak which rises to the dignity of Mont Blanc. Our correspondent of "Les Trois Tetons" tells us of his passage (28th of July) i\p a canyon by perpendicular walls of granite rising two thousand feet from the stream, and of roaring cascades, and chasms filled with snow and ice, and then of a view in which, as far as he could see, huge fields of snow glistened under the rising sun; and then of a mountain lake, ten thousand two hundred feet above the sea, covered with ice, of a dark green color, fifteen feet thick, and so on to the end of his story. Such scenes as these of ice and snow are still refreshing to read of, though we have passed tho ordeal of an equatorial Svimmer which we had feared had melted all the snow even in tho Rocky Mountains. But our correspondent removes all doubts upon this point in his report of tho boundless Holds of snow in anj Mound "Zes Trdts Tttons." - - Billy PomXLh JHe tli? A'atlian Murderer? Superintendent Kelso's cage at the Central Police station confines Billy Forrester, a convicted criminal, for whom a reward has long been offered. Perhaps this prisoner is an elephant of whom our police would gladly be ili. More than two years ago a fearful struggle in tho Nathan mansion left its venerable owner lying dead upon the floor of a second story front room, his skull crushed by repeated blows with a blunt iron weapon and his silver locks bathed in his own blood, which saturated the carpet and had been tracked by the murderer down the stairs to the street door. This door and llit> windows of the room in which tho murder was committed were commanded by scores of windows in the Fifth Avenue Hotel. A police patrol passed the house . frequently during the night. On a prominent thoroughfare, it was almost conj stantly under the eyes of passengers. Two | sons of Mr. Nathan slept on the next floor , above their father. Two servants were also in the house, one of them, a middle-aged woman, sleeping in the back room of the same floor as Mft Nathan. Tho death conflict was a long and noisy one; it was lighted by a burning gas jet; it deranged the furnituro in two rooms, nnd on its conclusion the ashaqgin entered the adjoining bathroom and later descended the main stairway to the front door, which he left open. Yet r.o witness paw or heard the struggle, nor was the criminal heard or seen in his retreat by any one of the hundreds who were within sight and earshot when the bloody tragedy was enacted. Many articles of value were taken from the room. One of the sons, rising long after daylight, and after the servant woman had gone down to the basement, was the first to make the horrible discovery and give the alarm. A most thorough and diligent examination by the authorities, the official detcctivos and tho whole public, stimulated by the offer of very large rewards for tho conviction of the murderer, as well as for the discovery of any evidence tending to throw light upon the terrible plk stuaffr. mystery, utterly failed to fix the guilt upon 1 any one. A professional detective of the ] highest rank is believed to hare grieved himself to death over his inability to ferret out the murderer of Benjamin Nathan. Pretended discoveries of evidence have appeared in many directions, but they have vanished on investigation. Among other matters bearing on the oase was a suggestion from a convict that Billy Forrester was the assassin, and an assertion that he had on a previous occasion oonspired with others to rob the Nathan house, but had been prevented from making the attempt It was not proved that Forrester had been in ' this vicinity at the date of the murder. He was, however, wanted at the Dlinois Penitentiary* His picture was engraved and handbills bearing it, with the offer of a reward for his arrest, were circulated through all the States and Territories. For all that he had managed to evade arrest till a few days ago, when he was secured at WilHllinttton. Ha annanm nnfcivalv o -ri??? v.^ confident of his ability to disprove the murder charge, affirming that he was thousands of i miles distant. Though he is an acknowledged < convict we should not prejudge him on this < terrible accusation. To give a dog a bad 1 name is equivalent to procuring his doath. 1 Billy Forrester, like every other person, is 1 entitled to tho presumption of innooence till his guilt is proved by adequate ovidence. He 1 is not to be condemned on tho mere assertion < of an inmate of State Prison. The blood- I hounds of the polioe would pocket a large sum if he should be convicted, but to do that < they must establish more than a fancied con- i nection between Forrester and the bloody t "dog" which prostrated the vigorous old man 1 as he resisted the robbery of his safe. Let ' even Billy Forrester have fair play and all c legal rights. ' Reciprocal Trad* with Japan* ' Japan has taken a groat stride in the way of free trade as well as in other reforms. Though ( one of the oldest nations in the world, it is the last that has come into the family ol mod- ( era commercial countries. The proclamation of President Grant, which wo published yester- ' day, abolishing discriminating duties on Jap anose vessels entering the ports of the United States, and on the produce, manufactures or merchandise imported in such vessels, by way i of reoiprocating a like act on the part of Japan toward the vessels and cargoes of this country, * shows that tho Japanese are leading us even in ( liberal commercial measures. The President had been officially informed that no t other or highor duties of tonnage or impost 1 are levied in the ports of the Empire of Japan 1 upon vessels or their cargoes belonging wholly , to citizens of the United States than are levied on Japanese vessels and their cargoes in the i same ports of the Empire, and he promptly made this declaration of reciprocity under the ] authority of an act of Congress empowering ' him to do so. It appears that this action was , taken just now in consequence of the arrival of a Japanese vessel at San Francisco, the ex- J act standing of whioh was not known, and which it was necessary the government should 1 define. The United States will derive the ( greatest advantage from this step toward free trade with Japan, because the tonnage of our I vessels trading with that Empire is and will bo much larger than Japanese tonnage entering ( our ports. Here is an example given by Ja- ( pan and followed by the United States which older and other commercial nations would do i well to follow. Return of th( Fashionable*?A Brll- i llant Season Anticipated. *' The month of September is ossentially a bustling one in this city. The gay birds of ha nlntvtA ? tir?n/va in 4-V*A voolma [JundUgU buab piuiuu IUCU TTlu^q am Mtg tvoimo of fashion abroad and at the watering places are in full flight homeward. Every steamer brings its quota of the wanderers, and the trains bear them baok in scores from the mountains and seaside. On the Avenue and the fashionable squares domestics are scrubbing and cleaning away for dear life, and making preparations for the return of the family. But while tho harpies of the watering places are counting over their season's spoils their brethren across the ocean have greater reason to congratulate their good fortune in having the plucking of the most valuable of the aforesaid birds of passage. A trip to EuropfP every Summer L is fast becoming de rigueur with New Yorkers whose bank account balances satisfactorily, and* tneueet Of Ocean steamers tnau ? i65^e or arrive at this port weekly does not suffice to accommodate all the applicants for staterooms. Europe sends us a host of emigrants annually, and a goodly supply o( hard cash with them. We return the compliment with interest by a delegation of Summer tourists who s^ter money without stint on tiitir travels. When the sun polnta his darts r it. it 1'i v* iv. i..i in ine merry muzuu ui ur uiu uaiuiy days of June, tlie hegira commences, and every European steamer ia filled to its utmost capacity. Few of tlie tourists have any definite course i shaped out for their visit to the "Old Country," i except, perhaps, the facile one of getting rid of as much money as possible injii short space . of time. During the civil war here a crop of i niilliouiiaires sprang*up of the shoddy species, and as they* ^nade fortunes easily they spent them with the Same facility. This class of people effected quiiJ a ^evolution in their travels in Europe. Their ix?javagance enriched all the needy landlords and la^zaroni of tho cities and spas, and transformed therd iTom humble, obsequious Bonifaces to supercilious, , disobliging caravansary keepers. In some parts of Europe it is almost as expensive to travel or reside at present as in this country, which is saying a gread deal. Uncle Sum was such an excellent customer when the war was in progress that the shoddy leeches cared little for expense on the other side of tho Atlantic. j They took the place of tho English milords, i and the sight of an American visitor had the ! same effect upon a French,, Italian or German hotel proprietor as that of gold "signs" on a miner. For a couple of years after the war those who had money to spare wcro too busy in posting their books and finding out tho exact relation existing between their assets and liabilities. But now extravagance has resumed , ' its po\NOf," and millions aro annually spent in ; Epitope by American tourists. But with the return of tho fashionables let it not be supposed that there is the slightest ' retrenchment in their expenditures. On the I contrary, the thousand and one brilliant an1 nouncements in opera, drama and society 1 show UM the wwoa-wiU be one of exceptional lustre. The most fascinating eong bird oi ' Europe is bate, surrounded by a bouquet of utists such as would grace any opera houses jj ind London, Berlin and St Petersburg mourn ? sven the temporary loss of their Lueea. Beget * kdmirere of art throng to the Academy *t llusio, many of them stiU in travelling drew# o learn all about the ooming season, aad the mbscription list daily increases. The direetom >f the Opera House have also bestirred themlelves, and have done much towards putting he building in order and gilding the oage is vhich the fascinating little songstress will varble this Winter. Then wo are promised aI iteinway Hall one of the most remarkable of nodern musicians, Rubinstein, who, with Wagner and Liszt, forms the great triumvirate >f art in Europe at present Oarlotta Petti sill sing her wonderful roulades fend skyrocket notes with the veteran tenor, Mario, at the same hall; and the vivacious Aimee introluoes a new optra boufft company at the Olympic. No less are the attractions on the dramatie itage. The standard temple of art, WalUtek's, ifter a brilliant opening with one of the beet )f the London plays, "Pygmaifbn and Galatea," will be enlivened with the artutie mmor and brilliant talents of Mr. Bothern, ivhose Dan dreary has passed into a proverb, fear after year this theatre has maintained its high reputation and kept Its host of patrons to sheir allogiance by an unwavering course of Irat class entertainments. Weddings, receptions and balls will keep lociety in a flutter all Winter. The gorgeouaaewfl of the events of the hymeneal order has attained suoh proportions of late years that marriage en regie cannot bo thought of unleae with a colossal fortune at one's back, and the loireea, breakfasts, Qermans and balls thai ake place every week during the season <m the Avenue or other fashionable resorts would istonish even the noblesse of Belgravia. Ola ill sides the hum of preparation is heard, and there is little pause between the extravaganoe of a tour on the Continent in the other hemisphere and the whirlpool of attraotioaft promised here for the Winter. PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE. General J. T. Owens, of Philadelphia, is at the \stor House. General Terry and General Tarbull. of the Unite* States Army, are at the Sturtevant House. Judge A. F. Perry, of Cincinnati, is registered at he Grand Central Hotel. General A. A. Humphrey and General K. Hatch, ot ,ho United Statas Army; General James A. Hail, o< Halnc, and Joseph R. Hawley, of Connecticut, are ill quartered at the Hoffman House. Lieutenant Governor Allen 0. Beach, of New fork, is domiciled at the St. Nicholas Hotel. Governor J. M. Ashley, of Oliio, has arrived at tbe is tor House. Governor Claflln, of Massachusetts, and Governor Marshall Jewell, of Connecticut, arc among the late irrlvals at the Firth Avenue Hotel. Professor Sllllman, of Yale College, is stopping at ;he Brevoort House. Mr. Hugh Anderson, of Coleralne, Ireland, is seournlng at the New York Hotel. Judge F. Farwell, of Illinois, is dwelling at tht Metropolitan Hotel. Governor John T. Hoffman and family are domiciled at the Clarendon Hotel. Francis Kernan, of Utlca, the democratic aa<t liberal republioan nominee for Governor, arrive* yesterday at the Fifth Avenue Hotel. August Rubinstein, the pianist, and Henry Wle nlawski, the violinist, or St. Petersburg, have takes > ijuarters at the Clarendon. I Edmund Yates, the celebrated English author, arrived yesterday (torn London, and will remain for a few days at the Brevoort House. Colonel Steele, of the British Army, is quartered at tho Brevoort Douse. Dr. A. Crane, of New Orleans, is at tho Albemarle Hotel. C. A. Von de Abeale and August A. Wumberrln, from Rotterdam, are sojourning at the Clarendon. The Rev. J. P. Gulliver, D. D., late President ol Knox College, at Oalcsburg, 111., has acceptcd unanimous call to become the pastor of the Flrat Presbyterian church in Binghamton. ARRIVAL OP DISTINGUISHED ARTISTS. Madame Pauline Lucca and Other Song* Birds. The steamship Cuba, which ^arrived at Quarantine at a late hour on Tuesday night, dropped quietly into her dock in Jersey City yesterday morning. Among her passengers wore the following distinguished peopleMadame Pauline Lucca (Baroness Von Raden), Miss Clara Louise Kellogg, Dorr Anton Rubinstein, the renowned pianist; Uurr Wienlawski, the violinist; Miss Clara Doria, formerly connected with the Parepa-Rosa troupe; Mr. Mark Smith, the actor; Mr. Edmund Yates, the author, and Mr. Henry Jarrett, of tho Italian Opera. Before the steamer reached tho dock shq was boarded by Mr. Max Maretzek and a commit*" ' ??'? l*.Am IS. irflAllltn |11.X HtkA h.il lelt Whitehall sup In the revenue ctrtt?r (fno. Madame Lucca, notwithstanding the fatlgne of her first Voyage across the Atlantic, was In the best ol spirits, ana expressed herself delighted to reaoli the land o? IM West. She Is a petit?' brig fit and vivacious lady, (J^lnatlng ln person and manner, and one calculated to win the esteem and ?<niiratlon of every one who has the honor of her acquaintance. She entered a carriage upon leaving tho steamer, and was driven to the house engaged for her ln thla city, IT East Fourteenth street. She remained indoors during the day and retired early, the voyage having considerably taxed her strength. None ol the pictures which have been given of her do net full justice, as ln conversation there is an indescribable charm and sprightly vivacity about hei that defy the efforts of the best^ artists to lima,' She speaks the English language "yery fluently, with a slight lorelgq that adds to the cnara or nor Voice. A grand serenade 1% contemplated to welcome such a surpassing artist to 001 shores. Madame Lucca was accompanied by he* parents and suite 6? servants. To judge from the mountain of luggage brought to her house from the steamer, her toilets must be bewildering In variety, ller house U magnificently furnished, and calculated in all its appointments to be satlsfaciory to even the pet artist ol London, Berlin and St. Petersburg. JMIss Kellogg will reside at lit East Twenty-flftli flireew uci i?#k-uw. ituuiiiaieia & WleotawSkl have taken rooms at the Clarendon Hotel, Mark Smith at the Westmoreland, and Mr. Yates at the Brevoort. The first of a series of grand receptions arranged by the Arcadian Club will be given In honor of Miss Kellogg, on Tuesday next, at the Club House, 62 Union place. The arrival of the artists of the Italian Opera lus created quite as excitement in musical circles, and there were many applications at the Academy of Music yesterday relative to the opening of the season. The indications are that every #eat wlil be sold long before (lie opening night. NAVAL ORDERS. WASirtKQTON, Sept. 11,187Z Medical Inspector Turner as member of the Medical Board of Examiners at Washington; Pay. master Caswell M Fleet Paymaster of the SouUi Pacific station; Paymaster Prltchard to the Seranac; Passed Assistant Paymaster Whltoliouse to the Portsmouth. Detached?Commander Ramsey Horn tlio Bureau of ordnance; Lieutenant Miller irom tho shawmut and placed on waiting orders; Medical Director Jackson from the New York Naval Hospital and ordered to the Norfolk Naval Hospital: Surgeon Dean as member of the Medical Board of Kxamlnera and ordered to resume hie duties In the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery; Paymaster Cosby from the Saranac and ordered to prfcMel home and aetue mcou^m.