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The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920, October 13, 1875, Image 13

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THE HERZEGOVINA
The Skirmishing of Insurgents
with the Turks.
MONTENEGRINS AS SOLDIERS.
Inhabitants of the Bocche di Cattaro
in the Fighting Districts.
Results of Attacking a Position
Held by Turks.
Cattaro, Dalmatla, Sept. 25, 1875.
In Insurrections Ulco this news has tlio double disad
vantage or being mude up of petty itoms, and these
magnified by popular enthusiasm to important affairs.
Here the feats of arms have been too trifling almost to be
worth lolugraphing, and yet they are all that the ground
permits, and their moral effect is ?b great as if they were
battles instead of skirmishes. The uature of the coun
try is especially favorable to such operations as aro In
the capacity ol those mountaineers, and large concen
trations of troops manoeuvring on a largo scale aro
Impossible. Tbcrs aro no roads except brldlo
paths, and these lead through ravines where a
Tew resolute men can put 1,000 at defiance. If tho
Insurgents were organized and had mountain artillery
there would bo no difficulty in clearing out tho Turkish
troops from tho Herzegovina, for the fortifications with
in which they are protected are vory weak. Whore the
Montenegrins have a strong contingent tho fighting is
good, and whero they have none there Is neither concen
tration nor discipline.
The siege of Trobigue, as it has boon called was
merely an infestation of tl?c neighborhood by bands of
Insurgents, without coherence and without plan, to say
nothing of artillery or commissariat. They woro suffi
ciently strong to close all tho passes and prevent the town
from being rolnforccd, or oven to prevent tho troops
from entering by Keck, which Is tho only
way open now from tho sea Into tho Her
zegovina; but, for want of diroction, thog
allow troops to pass that way and thcnco to Trebigno,
whero tlioy attacked (ho bands and dispcrsod thorn
driving part across the Austrian frontier arid part back
toward tho Montenegrin mountains. The former took
tho steamer at Kagusa and landed at Oastel N'uovo,
whouco they passed in the Ilorzegovina anew, and prob
ably by this time all are rounitod in the Sutorinl, which
Is scarcely more than a rifle shot from Castcl N'uovo.
From a member of tho band on the steamer I learned
that the Insurgents woro quite without head, and, hav
ing had the foolhurdinoss to tako position in a convent
near Trcblguo and await the attack of tho troops,
?scaped only by good fortune. Tho troops had the
equal stupidity of
ATTEMPTING TO GARRT THK POSITION BT ASSAULT,
And as the insurgents wore well armod and under
excellent cover they kept tho assailants at boy
until their ammunition was exhausted, when they re
tired, leaving only a priosl of the convent and an
Old man, unablo to walk behind tliom. Thoy wero
in excellent spirits, regarding tho whole thing as
a good lark, and wore anxious to get back again
without loss of timo.
The eastern part of the Herzegovina, which Is tho
most level portion, is abandoned by tho insurgents,
who are concentrated in the mountains which run
Irom Montenegro north to Serajevo, and occupy the
country eastward to tbo Servian frontier.
The question now turns on tho
PART TIIK MONTKNKG Rl NS WILL TAKE.
The Montenegrins, and their neighbors or the
asme stock, are tho most active and belt
eoso; for tho former havo good military dis
cipline. They form a nucleus for tho Herzogovi
nlans to gather round, and which commands tho
obedience of the latter, whoso long slavery has not
fitted them for military coherence. Tho Boccheso, as
tho inhabitants of tho Boccbe di Cattaro are callod, are
also of the i aine stock, and trained as militia. These
make common causo with tho Hcrzegovinlans, and
share the warlike tendencies of tho Montenegrins and
their hatred of tho Turks, though tlio latter havo never
been in Cattaro. About 500 of them have gono into
Herzegovina. They have a dobt to pay, as tho Herzc
govinluus ond Montcgrins wcro most efficient allies of
tho Bocchese in their successful attempt to dofend their
?ncicnt privileges from tho centralization of Vienna in
1860.
It is known that orders have been given to all the
Montenegrins to be ready at a moment's notice with
bread and two pairs of shoes, which will bo neeuod if
they have to travel far on these mountains. Every
preparation has beon made for war, and the camp at
Orohowa, near Irebigno, is the depot of supplies of al'
kinds.
I do not see any e-V.once of the working of political
intrigues in the beginning of tho insurrection. How
much may be behind the action of Momenogro no one
can say but those who take part In them. I do not
think that anything but most atrocious government
and destitution resulting tlierofrom can be blamod for
H, but it is certain that without Montenegro noth
ing would come of it unless a general rising
of tho Christian provinces should take placo,
?nd that Moutenegro is controlled more or loss
by political consideration cannot be doubted. In fact,
If Moulenegrln public opinion could decide the maltor
absolutely it would have been decided cro now in the
sense of war. Cuttaro being tho gate to Montenegro,
and tt.c point to which thoy come for their supplies, it
ts comin .dally its soa port, and its intercourse aud re
lation those of the country and port of ono nation. Of
course, the excitement of the population Is immense.
From iha district of Krivoscio, ono of the mouutain
sections of Cattaro, bordering Herzegovina, overy ablo
bodlcl man between sixtceu aud sixty has gono into
th? Herzegovina. If Prince Nikita does not declare
war the greater part of his abtc-bodiod mon will cross
the froulier.
Meanwhile Turkish troops continued to arrivo and
pass through tho dollies of Klok, rccoiving permission
to pass through Austrian waters, but tber number is
not sufficient for effective operations, nor doos tboir
morale seem to bo sufficient for tho mountain warfare.
Apart from tho trifling affairs magnified into battles,
there have occurred two combats In which there
was a result which, though not noteworthy per so,
was of a graver political importance than military.
Tito ono was
AX ATTACK OX a TURKISH POSITION, *
In which the placo was carried with a loss lo the Chris
tians of twenty throo killed mid ?oont fifty wounded,
w hile of the Turks about 160 tvoro killed and the rest
put to precipitate flight, many being wounded. In tlio
otber, four battalions of Turkish troops, marching to
the relief of somo blockhouses besieged, were attacked
by tho insurgents and driven back to Moran, whence
they started, being pursued to tho gun-s of tho fortress.
The blockhouses then surrendered, except oue, which
held out and was takon by storm. The principal valuo
of these small affairs is that they excite tho Insurgent
spirit and accustom tho potplc to fighting. They will
Increase the strength of the insurrection dispropor
tionately to their true merits.
No more beautiful scouory can be found fu (ho Medi
terranean than that of *
aoccna nt cattaro
and the approaches to Montcnogro. Imagine the sea
let into the Italian lakes, the Bocrho winding Into tbo
Alpine crags, shutting out all vlow ol the tea, with tho
?bores lined with ollvo orchards, villas and villages, and
at the extrcmo of tho seeming lake, around which tho
mountains apparently cloao entirely, lies Cattaro.
From the water rlso tho walls which enclose tho spaco
between tho shore and tho anciont citadel, high up on a
ragged spur of the mountain, and beside It, ztgzaglng
thousands of feet up, rises tho road to Montenegro,
only accessible by horses or ou fool. Throo hundred
sail of ships, navigating all the aeas ol the world, hail
from the ileeebe dl Cat aro, whose Interests are tnninly
maritime, and whose people, good as sailors as they aro
at mountain fighting, return when fortune ha* favored
them to the Boccho to end their days in tho white
houses that dot the shore from Cattolbevo to Cattaro.
Montenegro count* (sctfrely on 6,000 rifle* from
among the Boccheee, who exert almost as much In
duction in the Jtrnagnra, a* the Sclavea call It, as tho
?utenegrlns themselves. Hardy, patient nnd c*pu
* of llviue on the simplest food, swift of ftwt and i
furious whoa axeitad, theac mountaineers win,
If they en tor the conflict *n meute, not b? stopped by
any forces Turkey can at preeent put afoot here. They
are well armed end hare mountain artillery, with an
enormous amount of supplies, accumulated during the
past two or three years In provision of an outbreak.
It Is hardly probable that the Montenegrins should
more alone. If Servia goes with her then the matter
will proro very difficult for the Porte, but If not the in
surrection may hold on through tbo season and perhaps
through the wintor, as It did in Crete, but will hardly
succeed any better. Tho country is excessively im
practicable for rogular military operations, and the
Turkish troops will do nothing except by naval appli
ances until they have made roads, kc., all which makes
the work a slow one.
FRENCH AFFAIRS.
the prince imperial's voyage bound the
WORLD ? THREE BONAFABTIST CHIEFS ?
THIERS, GAM1SETTA AND JCLES SIMON
UNITED?THE REPUBLIC'S CHANCES GROWING.
Tabis, Sept. 20, 1875.
It is now understood that the young gentleman of
Chlselhurst, who is alleged by polite Bonapartists to
bo the Prince Imperial of France, was about to make a
voyage around the world, partly to complete his edu
cation and partly to moderate the ardor of the more
rash among his partisans, who are beginning to show
somo Impatience at his political inactivity. Tho Bona
purtist camp Is now split into three distinct sectloua
One is led by Prince Napoleon, the "Plon-Plon" of tlie
Second Empire, and it has kept very quiet for tho last
few months. Another chief, who leads the bolder spirits,
is M. Ruoul Duval, who is always making a great noise,
and who is so eloquent and sympathetic that he has
attached to himself a very large personal following.
The graver adherents or tho fullen dynasty still ac
knowledge M. Rotiher us their guide; and it ia signifi
cant of tho present hopeless state of tho imperial
causa that thoy can find no better fugleman. M. Kou
her is a second class lawyer; neither more nor less; a
plain, stont man, with a strong voice uud a good in
come. lie is uot u aiplomatist or a statesman ; lie is
not even a lawyer in tho highest sense of the word; he
is merely a person with a very fair quantity of common
sense and considerable experlonuo of afl'airs. He tries
all be knows to keep the Empress quiet; but her heart,
as a woman's heart would nuturally he, is with
TUB TARTY OF ACTION.
It is possible slio may judge moro correctly of tho
situation than M. Rcuhcr, and had a bold stroke been
made by the Bonapurtists a few mouths ago, with l.a
Roncifcre Lo Noury in command of tho Mediterranean
fleet, Ladnv.rault in Paris and Bourbuki at Lyons, thoy
might, perhaps, have forced their way by a sudden
rush into power. But every dny diminishes their
chaticos. Tbo Republic has somehow or other got into
very fair working order in France. There ore abuses,
as tlicro will bo undor all systems of government. But
there have been no very crying scandals of late, and
tho country Is growing more and more prosperous
every year. Frenchmen are, therefore, beginning to
ask themselves why they thoy should set up an expen
sive court when llio work ol administration and tho
principle of oquality can be carried out much moro
cheaply and on the whole much better by a President.
Those even whose interests are identified with tho
monarchy, either kingly or Imperial, feel much dis
couraged by the turn which events aro now taking.
Last year there was a general opinion among them
that if MacMabon could bo tripped up, or if he were to
die, their hopes might revive. But the death or resig
nation of the Marshal President would now seem likely
to have very little ofiort on French politics. The re
publican party have mado up their difleroncos during
the summer in Switzerland, and I learn on uuimpcach
ut>!e authority that
THIUnfl, OAMBKTTA AND JTLHS SIMOX
are (Irmly united. Therefore, should M. Thiers out
live tho Marshal, ho w ould probably succeed him with
?ul disturbance; and Gambetta, who has gone into very
careful training, would be the right hand man of the
now Cabinet. Even should M. Thiers die before Mac
Mahon, (iambeltu now occupies the tlrst place in France
after M. Thiers, and he has so withdraw n himself (rem
the rough-red radicals that the most timorous of French
men would feel that they had nothing to fear from tiis
accession to ofllce. A succession or Presidents is, there
fore, secured for tho Republic, and if it lasts twenty
years?as it very well may?even the very traditions of
monarchy will almost be lorgotten. They might,
indeed, be rosuscitatcd by a prince em
inently brave, eminently gifted and well sup
plied with money, because tho French admire
greatness, and are us open to bo influenced by private
interests and splendid bribes ns other people. But it is
In vain to look lor any man of remarkable courage and
genius among tho pretenders to the throne of Franco.
Henry of Bordeaux, whom old ladles iu the Faubourg
persist In calling their rightful king, is an honest,
noavy-wtttod, elderly gentleman, with no prospects and
no energy. The succession to his divine rights is
disputed, but If they belong to the Count of Paris he is
not likely to do much with them. Ho is a silent, re
served porsou, who is not known to have evor said or
done anything noteworthy. There remains the young
man at Chiselburst, and ho gives no signs
of menial or physical strength. His education has
boon completed in England, whore he lias learned tho art
ol saying nothing on public occasions, and it is very amus
ing to observe the scrupulous manner In which ho has
been taught to model Ins behavior on that of the Eng
lish royal family. Had ho succeeded in a regular way
to tho Crown of France, had his father lived twenty
years longer, he would probably h ve kept his inherit
ance together creditably in quiet times, and made as
good a king as his neighbors, tho Crown Prince of Ger
many or the Crown Prince of Austria, are likely to do.
But France will not call up an Emperor of this "sort by
universal suffrage ar.d endow him with a civil list of
$5,000,000 a year to play at soldiers and upholstery.
In short, the Republic has a very fair chauco of en
during.
TMK PRINT* IMI'KllIAf..
Now, as to the Prince going abroad or not, ho may
do as he pleases; and the indignaut denial that ho has
any intention to do so, which appeared In some
of the Parisian journals, was not necessary, for
nobody whoso vote is of much account in Franco
Jusi now cares whether he goes abroad or stays at
homo. Tho qti stion is ono which merely concerns
himself and bis uiumina. If, however, the denial is
belter lounded than the allegation that lie was going
abroad one might be Incllucd to say, "So much tho j
worse for him," lor he can do nothing at present of
nn.v advantage to tho imperialist corps, and nothing
could be more unfavorable to his advancement in life
than the sort of existence which is said .
to have been niurkod out lor hitn. Tho Bonn- !
p,artist organs declare that tho result of
M. Uouber's visit to Art nenberg has been that
the Princo Imperial In condemned to live tho Idle, use- '
loss existence of a young Englishman of fortune, pass
ing Ills timo between London and Chiselhurst Tho
lodgings which his father occupied, In King street, and
where ho busied himself chiefly in kite flying, are to bo
placed at tho young l'rlnco's disposal; "ami instead of
Improving his mind by travel and observation whilo ho
is young enough to learn from them a very procious
lesson.1 h- will dine occasionally with tho mess of tho ?
Royal Artillery, and go to Slate ceremonies in tho close
ami stuffy rooms which arc called tho Court of St. ;
James. Thus lie will g'et lat, siupul and pompons about i
middle age end be no more thought of as a sovereign
than the heirs ol King Muruk
LOO A I. XXWS.
The loeal news in Franco is not of much Importance. |
The autumn has been very One, and most of tho polttl- i
cat celebrities are si ill at. the seaside or iu their country j
houses. They will not reassemble in Ports much bcloro i
November, and then there is no great subject under dis- !
mission which is likely to excite public opinion. Very ;
little Is raid about a dissolution. The forthcoming elec- 1
lions to the Senate attract no attention. The financial
slate of Franco is unusually good. The government
will havo to a.sk for no extraordinary credits to impose
no new taxos. Tho live per cents w ill probably be dl- [
nnnished to four-aud-a half, and the opposition is too !
divided and disorganized to give much trouble to minis- 1
tors. Marshal MacMahon goes louring about at no more
expense to the public than an Inspecting general, i
Tho provincial towns are amused by a military parade
now and then. There have beou velocipede races at the
Tullerios and other similar entertainments, at w hich tho
President and his family were present. Tho old soldier
govorns Ills country very innch as he would a garrison
town, and ohen goes himself to dine nt an eating bouse
with a couple ol aides-de camp. Nevertheless, lie bus j
qualm military notions of power, and lias lined a per
son Qvo francs lor hoisting a flag st I,yens without per
mission. It is a mild exercise of despotism, which did '
not, perhaps, much hurl the man who suffered from it,
though a Frenchman and his inouey never part wholly
without anguish.
A J?KW MARSHAL or FRANCS.
The President Js also kind to Ins old friends and com
rades. Ho is, thorelore, going to appoint General Lad
miraull a Marshal of France, and no doubt the Presi
dent and his chum will havo a good dinner together
nftor tho nonsouse part of that business is over and
HO,OOOf. a year have been put, as a solid mark of his
e-derni, In Ladnilrault's pocket.
The calling out of the reserves of 150,000 men has all
ended happily, and ibcir rapid mobilization has created
a very favorable Imprep ton throughout tho country.
Men and officers are satisfled with ouch other.
Prefect Ducros Las gone back to Lyons, where he
will continue to exercise the supreme civil authority,
though so resolute a push was made by iho republicans
for his dismissal. Moreover. M. Buffet has expressed
himself perfectly satisfled with M. Ducros' administra
tion, and tho Minister has announced his Intention ef
energetically Unending his subordinate from future at
tacks ol a like nature. M. Ducros, however, is so
pirong willed an official that I hear a.bill to prevent
arbitrary arrests and to regulate official powers ol im
prisonment is under consideration..
Two more items of news of almost equal Importance
conclude the budget. The Orioanist Princes have ad
vertised in their ow n newspaper, (he Journal <le rarU,
that they will keep quiet until 1880, and a girl In her
teens has carried off' the prizo for ploughing at au agri
cultural show in Brittany.
THE COT'I ON MILLS.
Is There an Over-Produotion
of Cotton Goods?
CONDITION OF THE INDUSTRY.
Some Facts About the Fall
River Strike.
Providexck, Oct 11, 1875.
The recent unsuccessful strike in the Fall River cot
ton mills has attracted a good deal of attention to the
condition of the cotton industry and of tho operatives
ongnged In It. In some quartors the mill owners are
denounced as unscrupulous task masters, who need
lessly and greedily put down wages, while thoir friends
lay the blame of discontent and disturbance upon the
operatives. Tho following facts may help people to
make up thoir minds upon what is really not so simple
a question as many think.
IS THKKK AS OVKR-PRODUCTIOX ?
Tlicro is no doubt that there is, compared
with the present demand, an over-production
of cotlon goods. After the markot is fully
supplied there remains a surplus, not large, but
still a surplus, which cannot he sold, and this fact gov
erns and lowers the price of the whole amount pro
duced, as a matter of coursa According to the best
information I have been uble, after careful inquiry, to
obtain among tho mo3t intelligent mill owners and ex
perts, I think it may bo assumed that this suiplus is not
less and not much more than ten per cont of tho whole
product. It is so small, lndeod, that witli tho first revi
val of enterprise and prosperity, increasing tho demand
to a normal condition, it will disappear, and there
are cotton experts who assort, nud witli reason,
as I believe I can show you, that w hen we enter on a
newtcareer of prosperity?which means when wo re
turn to a stable or specie currency?it will be discov
ered that wo have not cotton mills enough. In the
first place, It Is probably truo that if the ordinary
stocks, as in former years, wore now carried by coun
try dealers the presont surplus on hand would disap
pear at once, though It would reappear unless con
sumption increased. Rut, as was noticed in the
HmtAi.u's elaborate report on tho dry goods market
soino weeks ago, country dealers are ordering vory
small quantities, in spite of low prices; and this Is not j
only bocauso the times and the variablo value of tho I
dollar force men to be prudent, but because thero has 1
been an important change iu'tho manner of conducting
business, which is likely to last. Western dealers use I
the telegraph more; tboy order thus in small quanti- |
ties; tho busiuoss is simplified, and the hard times have {
obliged greater oconoinles in purchasing.
But, what is of more importance, the business of
making cotton goods has not increased in proper- ]
tion to the increase of our population. In 1871 wo 1
had probably 40,000,000 of people, and we had then
10,000,000 of spindles. Since then the spindles have
not incroased {it the rate at which our population has
increased; and looking only to a homo demund the !
cotton factories are behind tho population. In ad
dition to this homo demand, however, our foreign I
trado is slowly but steadily reviving, and tho necos- !
slties of the fac\orles in the present dull times aro
inducing them to do what they have too long 1
neglected, u-c some effort to sccuro a foreign
market for a part of thoiV product.
But while the prospect in tho fUturo is thus sufll 1
clently bright to induce shrewd men to build new mills
even now, in a time of vory groat depression, becnuse
they know that the good times must presently como,
and they desire to bo ready, just now it remains true :
that tho greater number ol the cotton mills aro not
profitable. Some which aro badly situated, or have
Insufficient capital, aro likely to perish, and a great j
many would stop work to-day if to stop work wore not
a very cosuy ining 10 a nun owner.
THE UEAI. TROUBLE AT FALL RIVER.
Tliis briugs me to the case of tbe Fall River Mill?. 1
The trouble there is not that the product cannot be sold
If higher wages are paid, but that it cannot be Fold at
all in the quantities iu which it Is mado. If it were not
for tho sorious loss which a manufacturer sudors by
letting his machinery staud idle there is little doubt
that tho Fall Hirer mill owners would stop for six
months, and would bo wiso in doing so. This is a fact
which is left out by those who speak harshly of the mill
owners. It seems to be thought that hocause a mill is
kept going therefore tho owners find it profitable; and
Lite Fall Kivor operatives appear to have been moved
to their strike, or "vacation," as they call
it, partly by this boliof. It should be understood that
tho Fall River mills make about two-thirds of the print
cloths made in this country. This branch of the busi- j
noss has been very profitable, and tho demand for this
product remained good for some time after tho market
for other cotton goods bocanie very dull. Hence the
Fall River mills not only remuined busy, but the opera
tives thero actually received, up to tho timo of their
strike, higher wages than were paid In most other parts
of New England. This is so true that the wages paid iu
Fall River at this time?the reduced wages, I mean?
aro equal to the wages which were and are paid In
Rhode Island and in other parts of Massachusetts. That
is to suy, after having failed in their strike the Fall
River operatives still roceivo ns much us tbe operatives
elsewhere. This was s surprlso to mo, for I had been
led "to imagine that they were forced to take less.
WHY THK MILLS DO MOT STOP.
But, If there is no domand for the product, why do
tho mill owners not stop? Because, in the first place,
inachlnery.detoriorates seriously if it is not used; be
cause, if a mill is stopped, it has still to be kept healed,
as though pcoplo woro at work; the machinery would
rust if it were not. It must also bo oiled and carefully
looked after. Then thero Is the loss of interest on tho
investment. A prolonged stoppage disbands the labor
ing force, uioreovor, "breaks up the organisation," as
they say, which is so serious a matter that a mill owner
once told tne he would rather loeo ten per cent on the
whole capital than stop for six months. Again, tho
labor costs only about one-third of tho product, and
the sacrifice mado in going ahead is not, therefore, as
serious as though the labor formed a half or two-thirds
of the cost Finally comes In tho hopo of beth r times
to Induce a mill owner to go ahend. You can sec that
it may he had to work, but worse yet to stop.
When the leading operatives at Fall River aro told
that their reduced wages are still equal to tho general
rate, they reply that their money does not go so far,
because house runt is dearer there than In other factory
towns; and this is quite truo. Almost everywhere
elso In New England the mill owners build houses for
the occupation of their operatives, and tako core to
chargo hut a low rent for these. The difference is con
siderable. But, on tho other hand, the Fall River ope
ratives, who aro mostly English?Lancashire pcoplo?
dislike the system of "mill tenements," as they are
called; they complain that It obliges them to live under
rules too rigid lor them; that it piacos them In the
power of the Superintendent; and 1 was told,
by ono of their leaders, that some of them who
had during the strike gnno into Khodo Island,
returned in disgust, refusing to work where the mill
owner provided houses. Now this Is a matter of taste,
and for such things one must pay, everywhere. For
my part, the houses of the operatives in Fall River
seemed to mo in many cases extremely dreary and
comfortless compared with some of tho factory villages
I have seen elsewhere; but "tho taste Is not to be
disputed."
ROME MISTAKES OV TttK OPERATIVES.
As the supposed wrongs of the Full River people aro
mcutloned at public meetings in Now York it is only
right that it should bo also understood that soinn of
their wisest leaders, among them Mr. .Sovoy, the editor
of tho Labor Journal, opposed the strike, thinking it
unwise and unnecessary at the timo; that these men
Still, so Tar OS I could learo, think it was unwise, and
that the operatives, when they did strike, neglected all
caro to provide against want by seeking other employ
ment.
Tho workman has an Inalienable right to strike, and to
organise a strike, but he docs it at his own risk; if,
having resorted to this means lie then whines about tho
result, bs loses somewhat ol my sympathy. There Is
not a shadow of doubt that thero was a good deal of suf
boring in Full River during the strike; but setting
aside tho injudlciousnoss of the strike, much of it arose
from the Improvidence of tho strikers. In the first
place, their organisation was crndo; there was no fund
out of which to support the poorer or more de
pendant or, at least, nono of anv amount.
Thejr simply agreed to quit work, and then let every
man shift for himself. Again, some of the leading men
told tne that the people not only did not look for other
employment, but rejected It. Many of thorn might
bare found work among the farmers of the region, but,
as was told me, "I have seen men on the street without
a meal of victuals or boots on their feet, but they
would not dig potatoes or clean up ground. They are,
as I said, mostly English, and Irish trained in Ianca
shire, and they have a helplessness in such matters
which an American cannot understand or perhaps
make allowance for. This was acknowledged to me by
one of their loadors, who said:?"They know only
weaving, and nothing olse, and they regard it as
their only work; thoy put their children into it as their
successors, and they will sturvo rather than do any
thing else." I imagine the spirit of tue English trade
unions has something to do.wilh it, too, which I caches
that a man has a vested right in bis trade and a right
to ltvo by it.
The factory population of Fall River differs
from that of almost, if not quite, every
other New England factory towD, it consists
so largely of Lancashire people. There are
among them a good many able men?men trained to
reason and to speak in public?and those aro tenacious
of what they imagine their rights; apt to he disputa
tious; a littlo impracticable, 1 should think. Thus I
was told of a man holding a very good place and not
connected with the union at all. He stopped work
when his fellows stopped, and not only this, he otill
holds out. lie will not sign the obligation not to form
a union, though ho did not bolong to one and docs not
wish to Join one. It is a matter of principle with
him, and ho is in want and suffers contentedly for
this principlo. Now, I do not think the mill
owners wero wise in exuding this conditiou. which
is likeiy moreover to ho evaded in some disingenuous
way wnich will keep bad blood alive between tbo own
ers and their operatives. I think they could nave hot
ter carried their poiut by conciliatory means; and tbey
had already sufficiently humiliated the strikers. Hut
what I remark about the man I spoke of above is that
ho remans in Fall River; he docs not attempt any
other work; he is simply a Fall liiver weaver, and
stands aud suffers on that ground, if lie bad the means
ho would, perhaps, return to England, as many of the
strikers did; hut ho would bo only a weaver there. An
American, it seems to me, would bo less punctilious.
If Ills necessities pressed him ho would accept the con
ditions, quietly do his work well, but with tho deter
mination to get out of the business as soon as ne had
saved enough to movo himself away. I cannot help
hut think that tho American would show the greater
pride anil independence by his course. I could not but
compare the course of these English with that of the
negroes as I have seen tliem in the cotton States. It
haiipcns, of course, that tho negro sometimes makes a
had hurgain with tho land owner, or finds himself undor
a rude or dishonest mun. What lie doos is to work
qnictly till the season is done and tho crop gathered,
and then ho moves away. Ho dots not striko, or
grumble, or go to law. He pockets tho loss?puts it to
the account of experience gained, and seeks anothor
place or porhaps another State. Now, his wisdom is
shown in Ibis, that the Southern negro has taught not
only himself, but tho white man also, a lesson that the
laboror is as necessary to the employer as tho em
ployer to the laborer. If a man is determined to work
in a Fall Rivor cotton mill at all hazards, ho
necessarily gives tho Fall River null owner an
advantago over him. When l said this much i
to a weaver in Kali River the other day he re- j
piled, "Ay, but wo aro too poor to move away; we
owe money, mayhap; and whoro shall wo go?" Bui the '
answer is, "Mr friend, wo cannot all, at all times, do 1
what would best please us. If you aro dependent to- !
day, innko the best of it; save what you can ; keep your j
eyes open; don't grumble, and make up your mind that
us soon as you can you will stop woavlng and do somo- 1
thing else, as weaving doos not seem to be the most
comlortable thing for you." l"nfortunately ho cannot
see that. Ho means to be a weaver, and at the bottom
of bis heart he stoutly believes that tho world owes
him such a living us he fancies by weaving, and that
If he doos not get it somebody is wronging him In somo
vexatious way which lie cannot explain or understand. 1
Of efforts or Ida us to become their own masters, by j
co-operative attempts, I could hear no talk among these
people. There was a co operative store in Kali River, i
and it lias had Cor somo years, I believe, a successful
career. But an energetic Boston grocer has come down '
and managed to undersell tho co-operators, and thess
have gone oil' to him, where they can buy cheapest. i
Indeed, it seemed to ma that there was but litilo sign
of organizing talent among the leaders, and this makes I
it u matter of greater regret that the mill owners have j
not undertaken to influence by kiudness rattier 1
than to antagonize thoir people. It seemed to me i
that a little consideration for them?some sigus that j
there was a disposition to good feeling?would have
been a good investment. The Hkkalu I heard very
gratefully spoken of, especially for its suggestion thai
tho operatives should emnloy a skilled and honest ad
viser. But they will scarcely evou do that. As one
said to ine, they will work and growl, and when they
cau they will strike again; ami, so far as I can see, no
more wisely than before. Kor tho present they have
enough to do to prepare for the winter and pay their
debts. It was nut pleasant to mo to hear that soma
families owe as much us $200. I must reserve to an
other letter somo further particulars about the prescut
ccndttlo" of the cotton industry.
CHARLES NORDHOKF.
THE CLEWS FAILURE.
The examination of Mr. Clews, which was to have j
taken plaro yesterday, in regard to the affairs of Henry ;
Clews & Co., was again adjourned. It is stated that :
Mr. Clows was too ill to attend the meeting. Tho ex
amination will tic continued at two I'. M. next Thursday
if his health will permit. Extensions of from Alteon to
twenty days have been grunted in the other cases of
creditors growing out of the complicated affairs or tho
A rut.
FAILURE IN THE TEA TRADE.
William R. Hunter A Co., importers of teas, located '
at No. 132 Front street, suspended yesterday. Mr. J. |
It. Steven, n member of the Arm, declined to state the
extent ol thoir liabilities or give any estimate of their \
assets. In two or three days, he said, u statement
would bo prepared for their creditors. Tho Arm bus I
been engaged in business about twenty years, aud Mr. I
Hunter, its senior member, is a prominent Rrooklynltc.
He was formerly one of the principal stockholders of
the Atlantic Avenue Railroad, In Brooklyn. From out- !
side parties it was learned tho lailuro was ol a very su- ;
nous character.
STATIONERS' HOARD OF TRADE.
The Stationers' Board ofTrade was organised about a
mouth ago, for the purpose of advancing the interests of
dealers in books, papers, stationery and all branches of
busiuess connected with those trades. It is formed on
Hie model of the old Stationers' Hall in London. A
hoard Of directors was elected last Friday to drafi a
constitution. In acccordanco with a call published by
them the members met yesterday to consider their re
port. A constitution was adopted, and the following
officers were elected:?Willy Wallaeh, President; A.
Von An, of the tlrm of Llebenroth, Von An A Co., Vice
President, and W. I. Merlin, of the ftnn of Samuel Ray.
nor A Co., Treasurer. The meeting then adjourned till
Thursday, at two o'clock P. M., when the board of
nine directors will be completed by the olection of three
new directors, only six having bfc'ti thus far ap
pointed. The meeting will also take into consideration
a set ol bylaws that will be presented.
THE l'LIMSOLL ACT.
Tho law known as the I'linisoll act. which was passed
in tho lust session of tho English Parliament, went into
effect on tho 1st of this month. It will be interesting
to shippers of produce to Europe to know that this law
provides that no cargo, of which more than one-third
eonNists of uny kind of grain, corn, rice, paddy, pulse,
seods, nuts or nut kernels, Hbalt bo carried on board
any British ship unless It Is contained In hags, sacks or
barrels, or secured Irotn shifting by boards, bulkheads
or otherwlso. Captains who permit the violutiou of
the law iu this regard arc llublc to a flno of ?200.
THE NEW POSTAL CARDS.
Postmaster James reports that the sales of tho new
postal cards amount to 100,004 por day. Eight bun
dred thousand wore placed on salo lust Thursday, and
1,000,000 additional will be ready this morning.
REAL ESTATE SALES.
A long list of sales was announced to take place
the Exchange yesterday, but wcro all adjourned ovt
the attendance being qullo large, but no biddors heii
present. A. H. Mullor A Son sold, by order of tho S
prams Court, in foreclosure, J. P. I.odwith referee, oi
four siory brick houso, with brown stone front, Wll
lot 17.5 by 0A8, No. 31 West Ninth street, north tld
43.6 feet west of Fifth avenue, 70 per cent of tli
money to rbmaln on bond and mortgage (or tbroo yeari
to Charles F. Hunford, piaintlA, lor $1:1.000, sstd oro|
?rtv being valued at S23.000.
Some Timely Hints for Consumers
as to Ruling Prices.
Geueral Advance in Price* To Be Fol
? lowed by a Decline.
Ia the provision market there Is never a period of
inactivity, and when tho stores of persons iu other
lines of trade aro empty the marts of the "stair of life"
are well filled. This bug always been so and will con
tinue so long as people are compelled to subsist on
other food than tho mauna that sustained the children
of Israel. A man may deny himself a new fall overcoat,
a wife (all back upon last year's sacijuo or furs, tho
children may be dressed lu their parents' old clothes,
made ovor to lit, but the stomach will brook uo cur
tallmcnt. It Is continually crying, "Give! Give!" and
will take no refusal. Hence the truth of the remark
that in tho articles of food there is never a fulllug elf in
tho demand for borne consumption, yet a careful test
of the market shows some features that aro interesting
to tho general reador?to every one who has one or
more mouths t&provide for. The conaumor, no doubt,
has long ago discovered that for bams, bacon, shoul
ders, corned cuts of all kinds, in fact everything
iu the pork line, prices aro from two to
six couts per pound higher than thoy wcro two
years ago, and from one to lour cents above the ruling
rates of last year. A reportor of tho Hr.n.u.ti hits been
among the provision dealers with a vlow of ascortaiu
ing the causes that led to the30 high price., and gottlng
their views upon tho prices that are likely to rule In
the future, when the growing crop of hogs Is marketed
along in December, January and March. It will be
seen that nearly all look for a decline in prices, owing
to the unprecedented volume of the corn crop this
year and tho probability of Ibu yield ol hogs exceed
ing that of last year.
. TillC WUOLKSALU TKAilS.
One largo firm that roprei**nia large packing houses
in the West reports that one cause of the present high
pricos is that there are too few producers. Tho con
sumers congregate about the cities of the world and
leave tho production to tho farmer nnd stock raiser.
Thoy report that other causes are that last year's crop
U nearly exhausted, and lhat the foreign demand for
our provisions remains brisker than formerly and
blghor offers aro made. They eslimute the prices at
from ten to fifteen ? por cent more than those that pra
vailed two years ago.
A Qnn near Washington Vfurkot confirms the general
vtows given above, and gives the following as tho ruling
prices for 1874 and 1670:?
Corned shoulders..,
Corned hams
Corned bacon
1874.
1875.
/?vrc'.rs* per
Centt
Cenli.
Cenli.
.. 8 y.
10 \
2%
13
15
2
i?
18
'J
12
14 ?
at;
.. io v;
12%
2 bi
15
17
ll
.. 18
20
2
A large Water stroot Jobber behoves that prices will I
advance moro before the Incoming crop Is marketed, ;
assigning as a reason that tliero is no accumulation of ]
last yoar's stock to meet the demand for exportation and j
homo consumption. Much depends upon the action of |
Kuropean houses If they take the supply to come in j
this winter at the rales now demanded it will tuinl to !
keep tho market firm and shorten the supply for Dome j
consumption I.asl year they were reluctant to take j
bacon at 9% cents per lb This year they will, bavo to
bid ljjj cents more per lb to corapetn with tho homo i
market This is also truo of other lines of provisions.
The best reports attainable show a probable avonigo |
yield of hogs, and, though they will be marketed late, 1
owing to tho heavy corn crop of this year, prices along
in the end of the packing season, which opens in Novem
ber and closes In March, inay drop away a few cents.
A l'oarl slreet jobber expressed tho (telle! that this,
like 1874, is likely In be an unsatisfactory year. i.xsl
year speculators, just before tho packing srusuu, ran
up prices, aud they will, no doubt, do it again l.hls year.
There is no justification for it, as the crop of hogs tins
year will be fully as largo as that of lost year. They
may bo less in number, but heavier in weight, owing to
the heavy corn crop lie anticipated a good lard
season, but feared that speculators would bull tho mar
kct, as last year.
A licavy commission house Id Droad street says: '
''The prospects Tor tho season aro u good deal ml rod.
liigb prices are likely to coutinuo until the packing
season Is well under way. Prices rule higher than last
ynar, especially in boxed tnrals There has recently
been a corner iu mess pork in Chicago that lias unset,
tied the market. The high prices of lings during the
snrainrr has induced hirfners to uiarkpt some ol their
products earlier; tml llio com crop being immense
they arc now holdiug the hogs hack for It, which Kill
make the packing season lata The (fnrmans aro com
peting with the Knglisb for our winter ourod supplies, !
and are bidding blgli for thorn. This le especially the '
case wilh bacon and lard. (iermuny has bidden i
one cent higher than last year, which will '
put the prices for tile early crop up Hot I
When the heavy volume of the crop cornea Into market
prices may drop away. Beef in packagoa and pickled j
is growing less every day, and Ihora is nothing doing
In it Tbo provision business Is now as tl always is,
very brisk, particularly in the bog product, thai goes
more generally over the world than any article of
American production."
Another heavy commission Arm attributes tbo ad
vance in prices last year and the slight advanco this
year over tlio highest rates of last to "hull" specula
tions. They think it Is too early in tho season lo too.
turn uit estimate on the fall of pricos
A heavy lard exporting house reports that there Is
very llttio to the market; that t.hero is 110 advance over
last > car's prices on "spot" lord. I .ait your tlio market
opened low at Ion cents, ran up to twelve 111 July, when
it was taken hold of by a "corner" and ruo up higher.
There was no overplus in tbc market, and it all went off j
at tho high llguro. Tbo Gcrmaus bid for the crop, and
it remained high. This year it Is different. I have tut- '
ters from Cluciunali and Chicago. These say llitru is
"a feeling that early bogs will not bo plentiful,
and many aro buying November and Dccembor '
?options'of pork and lard on thai account; but It Is !
conceded that we have an enormous corn crop aod
that generally gives a large hog crop." If such ho the ?
case prices may open high and a "break" in the market I
occur if the crop is marketed lain, as it Is likely to he |
this season.
A number of large packing and curing houses up j
towu were visited an t the same general views wore ex- !
pressed by their proprietors. It will be gratify ing to
the consumer to know that the proso-ct of u decline
to tbo ol 1 prices of two years ago is likely to bo realized
unless speculators rush into the market without any
DHtural justification for tl, and by "ooroers" keep up
the present exorbitant rates All reputable dealers 1
n-:reo that the!* Is no excuso for prices boing mam- 1
turned at llcltlious Qgurus alter the crop of this yoar is
marketed.
THK KKTAir. MARKKT,
In the retail markol tho prices vsry according to the
caprice of the dealer and tbo advantages lie may have '
taken of the upward or downward movement in the I
market. Strictly spr.iking, the rotail provision busl- |
uess is in the Iiund3 of the grocers, who tnako tbat a 1
port of their general trade, and acquire more or less 1
proillM they take advantage of a fall or rise in ths j
wholesale market. The grocers are a sagacious class,
who watch the mnrkot closely, and, when prices aro
low, lay in a largo supply that will carry I hem over a
season of high prices, smoked mi l corn-d stock, with
occasional handling, will withstand the iQ.'lu nest of
climate; hence (here is little or no loss. Tho.vo who j
were last year mitllciciilly astato to foresee that previa- j
ions would, owing t" tlio tricks 01 Chicago "cornorors," '
St. I.oilia "scalpers" and Qincil.nuti "sharps," coniinuo
us high as last, and consequently laid in a supply, are [
now in u position to sell at a lower point In the retail
market than their competitors on tho next corner, who
buy from week to week. And they net only under
sell Ibcm, but make ft larger margin I'rom tbeir ven- |
luros. One feature of the trado that the prudent
housewife, who tjoss tbo buying in all well rovulated ,
families, caunot understand, is why horgrocw, who sells
tea and coffee on one corner two or throe 0011U less tb.ui 1
his rival across the way, charge- two or throe cents per
pound more for all articlos In the provision hne. t lie
tecrel in some case- is that advantage has been token of
tlio market and slocks pun based when they ruled low, '
but not unfroqticntlv it is the result or a companion '.d 1
trade One will "break" the market on a few articles
of trado with the view of drawing custom, but ho ?
hIwiiv- calculates upoit making up tho ions by "bear
lug" some other articles of ffady sale. For instance,
a keen groom will sell hams, bacon and shoul
dors at cost to get up 11 name for cheapness,
Slid at the same time chargo from one lo '
live or six conH inoro for coffeo, sugars
and tea than his neighbor on the next block. With a 1
view of informing the oonsumsrs as to the ruling retail 1
prices In our publio markets and thus enable them to '
circumvent the tricky tradesmon, tho writer recently .
visited all the retail provision dealers In Washington
and Fultou markou and oblsinod ihoir uriooa. ? law 1
linw ration* are given as watt a* tbn price paid tor each
article by Ute grucer, who supplier Uia oousuhmt:?
wadtttmiNMi NAJurr
CM iti WMaalrtte
Ctvlt per Grooeri per
Stall No. 168? FfutuL Pound.
Smoked bam* 18 a 20 17 a 16
Smoked shoulder* 12 a 14 10 a IS
Smoked bacon 17 a 19 16 a 18
Smoked baef 16*39 13 a 16
Smoked tongue* 60 a 90(each) 40 a TO
Coruod ham 17 a ? 16 a ?
Corned bellies 16 a ? 15 a ?
Corned shoulder* 13 a? 12 a ?
Corn?d ritM pork 14 a 15 13 a 16
Fresh roasting pork 15 a 18 14 a IT
Bologna sausage lo a 18 13 a 16
Smoked sausage 16 a 18 14 a 16
Other braanla sauaage 15 a? 18 a ?
Lard 14 a 18 13 a 15
This shows a discount of two cents per pouut} on nam*
*??os and one cent per pound on pork to grocers.
Stali 319~
.Smoked uJ?"*-';.18 a? 16a ?
Smoked shoulders T1**"" 11a ?
Smoked bacon .* hi. IJj * ~~
Smoked tongue* 75 a $l(*aebk~ * W
Corned ham 16 a? 14 a ?
Corned pork 16 a ? 14 a
Fresh pork 15 a _ 13 a ?
Sausages (all brands) 15 a ? 13 a
This is a general diacouut of two cents por pound oa
all grocers' orders.
Stall No. 213?
Smoked ham 20 a? 18 a ?
Smoked shoulders 16 a ? 13 a ?
Smoked bacon 20 a? 18 a ?
Smoked hoof 20 a 25 18 a 24
Smoked tongues 20 a ? 18 a ?
Cornod ham is a ? 13 a ?
Corned bollips 17a? 15 a ?
Corned shoulders. U a ? 12 a ?
Sail.-'ages. 16nl8 14 a 16
Larding pork 18 a 20 18 a 18
Tiro average discount Is two cents por pound l*
grocer a
Stall No. 324?
Smoked bam 20 a? 17 a 18 X
Smoked shoulders 15 a ? 13 a 13jj{
Smoked beef. 2ua? 18 a ?
Smoke ! tongue 20 a? IS a ?
Smoked bacon 20 a? IS a ?
Corned ham 18 a ? 16 a ?
Corned pork 17 a ? 15 a ?
Fresh pork 15 a? 13 a ?
Lard 17 a ? 15 a ?
SaoBrtges (all brand)-) 15 a 10 13 a 15
Thl* firm give an average discount to grocers of two
cants por pound.
Stall No Wf?:?
Smoked ham ? 10 a 20 17 a 16
Smoked shoulders la a? 13 a ?
Smoked bacon 20 a? 18 a ?
Smoked beef 20 a 25 18 a 22
Smoked tongue 18 a? 17 a ?
Corued ham 18 a? 16 a ?
Corned pork 17 a ? 15 a ?
Fraxll p -rk (Western) 16 a ? 13 a ?
Frcsli pork (New Jersey) Is a ? 10 a ?
Fr. sh tenderloins 26 a ? 23 a ?
Sausages 15 a 18 13 a 16
i .aril 16 a ? 14 a _
Con ra! discounts to grocers two cents per pound.
Vlmre wore found In tin* markot many other Arm*
whose prices ranged about as above;. Outside were
found two Arms who either sell an inferior article or
ate ait- mpting lo undersell, as tholi prices are below
the wholesale (iguro. The following aro their prices:?
First firm? .
Smoketl hum,,... 12k,")
Smokedlieef 12.'.,! N'o discount.
Smoked tongues, oach CO !? to
Smoked shoulders 10 grocers.
Smoked bacon 12 J
Second Ann?
Smoked shoulders 12 alotfl Goneral
Smoked bacon 12 old j discount
Smoked beef 15 a 20 tot two elk
Smoked ham 12'.' a 20 | per pound
Smoked tongues, oach 50 a$l jtogrocor*
VOLT OV MASK ST.
There nre In Fulton Market but two provision deal
ers, hence there is no serious competition, and we
quote tho prices Of oach:?
Cost in Cent!
Stall No; 191-5? . per Vuumi.
Smoked shoulders 13 a ?
Smoked bam 17 a 18
Smoked bacon 18 a ?
Smoked tongues 20 a ?
Smoked beef 13 a 24
I re-ili pork 15 a ?
Sausage* 14 a 15
Cornod bant 16a ?
Corned pork 15 a ?
A gonsral discount ot two cents per pound to grooors.
Si,ill Nos. 163-4 5?
.Smoked bams .' IS a ?
Smoked I),iron 18 a ?
Smoked shoulders 13 a ?
Smoked tongues 18 a 19
Smoked beof 17 a 20
Corned pirk...... 16a ?
Corned bain 17 a ?
Corned shoulders. 12 j* ?
Fresh pork 15 a ?
"Sausages (all brands) 14 a 15
Discount to grocer* of Ic. on sausages and tresh
pork, corned in rats, l .\, 0. J bacon and hams, >;c.;
smoked Bologna sausage. 2c
Tho grocora, who aluinl between the "jobber" and tha
consumer, purchase the best brands at two cents per
pound bolow the above quoted prices, and consequently
there is no reason why the consumer should not buy as
his ow n grocery a.' cheap as at Washington or Fulton
market Two cents pro III per pound is quito enough lor
tin* retailor, when it is remembered thai ho Is not sub
jected lo loss by reason of stork being damaged. One
great secret of prices being so high to tbo consumer ia
found in tbc fact ibat provision? puss through so many
hands between the producer and tho consumer. First,
wo liava tbo fartucr who raises the animal, then tha
packer, the commission mere haul, the "jobber," tha
retailorand last the consumer, Ova of whom rnaka
their prnllta out of the consumer. Hetallera report
that the demand for provisions grows greater as the
cold weather advances, and that thorn is a very general
complaint at the ruling bigb prices. Kverytlung look*
to ibe continuation of the high prices until about
March, when tho ucw crop will bavo nearly all come ia
ami price* will likely drop away to the figure* of two
or Iitreo years ago. This is ihe only cheering news we
cau ofl'cr I ho consumer, whose pocket is very sensitive
to a high market such as ha.i prevailed lor two years.
The only aJiaruutlve is for him to purchase to the best
advantage aod bopo for the expected decline.
TUB CKNTKNNIAL EXHIBITION.
THK IIORTICCLTCIIAL DISPIAX?A BRILLIANT
PROSPECT ENLARGED ACCOMMODATIONS NEED
ED -DISTINGUISHED VISITORS COM IN O.
Pbilauri.I'Bia, Oct. 8, UTS.
The least advanced or any ol the ttvo principal Exhi
bition buildings for the coining World's Fair aro the
Horticultural Hull and I bo Agricultural Building Both
of these, however, although only recently begun?the
first spadeful ol rarlh for the foundations of the latter
strueturu having been turned lu July last?are already
looming up, conspicuous objects in the landscape,
latintt our rns mounds.
Work on the ground eet apart for exhibitors In lb*
out ioor department of horticulture has commenced
and the allotments are being prepared and will aoon be
assigned lo the applicants, who are soudmg in tbeir
names faster than could be hoi>cd for. In this laying
otii of tbo grounds about Hie building tbeir ultimate use
has been considered, it being the Intention of a number
of dnr prominent floriculturists to socurc this ground
for u boianic garden.
Tint ArrucATioxs eon spack
in tbo indoor (Exhibition buvc beon ko fur beyond the
anticipations of tbo Cmntnlastooore that ibu advtsa
bility of putting up aiiotbcr building is now uoing seri
ously soneidercd. The applications received to the pres
ent time from this country alone far oxcooJ tho ca
pacity of the building. From this country, of course,
will come the largest unmoor, bsoauas of the iuipassi
bility of tianxportlng delicate plants from other cli
mates, In this respect this department of the Fair will
diil'er from ail the uihern lroni present appearances; for,
ax tho Hkkai.d has heretoloro stated with as much em
phasis as possible, American exhibitors are behind
their foreign competitors in the number of application
lu very many branches of Industry. It muxt not bo
supposed, however, that there will be no horticultural
display from abroad, (treat Britain wants J,00? tquara
leet for one exhibitor aloe -, and an application fro?
Brazil wishes J,000 moro for another.
ins ni i'LAV or cut ri.oWRas
and levering plants during the Exhibition wilt bo a
brilliant attraction There will bo much competition
in this department, especially bo I ween the florists of
New Vork. Cincinnati and Philadelphia. The Western
ers havo for several yeur< carried oil tho honors in lb?
branch or the url, and tbo display will be the more in
tertatlng because of the lively rivalry that will he mani
fest od.
TAB WXSTM5 SXCCRStOXtSTS.
The second entortainmonl by tho merchants of Phila
delphia to the representative mou irorn other citiun
taken place at the Centennial grounds on the 'dial mat.
It is arranged with the co-operatiou of she railway oom
pnnlea and will include the loading Journalists, members
ol boards of trade, mayors, governors aud merchants of
the Cities of tho West and Northwest. The invitation* are
just being issued, aud, of coarse, i be number to bo pro*
ont cannot bo announced, but It will probably reach about
2db. After visiting the grounds aud inspecting the
buildings there will be a banquet and apeechva, the
guoxtx being brought direct to Fairmont Park oy raii ?e
as f nok time as possible. In order to show how it can
be done in Centennial times.
Among the iHstlnuulahsd persona who have been In
vltcd are the following:?Governor John P Hartrauft,
of PennaylvaAta; Governor Samuel J. Tildon, of Now
York j Uovoruor William Allen, tit Ohio; Governor (A
0. Carpenter, oi Iowa; (lovernor Jamos It ticCr.-ary,
of Kentucky; Governor \f. II. Taylor, or Wisconsin;
Governor John L. Boverldgo, of lJJtnola; Oovernor J.
J llagloy, o: Michigan; forernor i'liarl<-s II, Hardin, at
Missouri; Governor Thomas A. Hendricks of Indiana;
Governor (!. K. I?avl?. o! Ninmaoia; Governor
James B. Oruoina, of Maryland; <?* (-over now
William Doanlson and KutherfbrJ U. Hayes, "mo;
Hon. Allen G. Thurraan. of Ohio; Htm. John Sherman,
Ot "bio; Hon. Carl Schttrx; Murst llulsteid, of tho
Cincinnati Ct?nmercirJ; lleery Wait' reou, ofitin
Louisville Oonrirr /enrvtdl; Corncbd# Vaadirblli: Wtll
Wentuorth, ol Hhicugn; K uracil Krrett, of (he 1 uts
burg Cimmrrciml; Don. George M. Pendleton, of Okli;
Hon. Thomas Alien, of Si I-ouii; Colotwl Ihom.vsA.
Scott, President of the Pewuylvauia Railroad, and
moav 1

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