The New York herald. [volume], November 27, 1876, Page 6, Image 6

About The New York herald. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1840-1920

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
AUSTRIA AM THE EAST.
The Dangers that Threaten the Em
pire on All Sides.
MAGYAR, GERMAN OR SLAV.
Druioiistrations hv the llnnmriaii Students?
Pilsriinnse to a Turkish Saint.
THE FUTURE OF THE MEDITERRANEAN.
VlMM, Nov. 9. I S7?*
X? slate io Europe, not even excepting Turkey, hat
so difficult a part to play in the .solution of the Ka-teru
question at* Austria, or Austro-SI ivouia-ltiingary.
Turkey'a courso ha* hitherto boon rondo quite eaajr lor
her by Russia; alto had to accept the inevitaole In tun
Flupo of ttic t'/ur' i dictum, of which alio !>ccume so
enamoured thut sbo h.id at one tuuu t>ouio thoughts ut
cutting oil all discussion with her so-called Irleuds
nml sending her Grind Vixier to Livadta in order to
make the best terms she could with her hereditary toe.
Hut Austria b ts not been its yet compelled to accept
the inevitable; consequently her component purls are
at loggerheads, and the Eastern question, tbousbiDQl
likclv to producu rebellion, has culled forth a vast
amount of political animosity within tbo bounds of the
Empire that is usually allowed to slumber. Tbo
parlies in the Austrian Empire, as they bave declared
themsotves in (ho Eastern question, are, largely taken,
three in numb on
Til K PJtUTIKH IX T1IK At STRUM KSl'IKK.
There arc, lirst, ttie Court party and the German '
aristocracy; second, tho Magyars represented by |
Count Andrassy; thirdly, the Slavs of all grades, ;
wlioibor Czechs, Croanuus, Poles, Slovaks, or what
ever names tln-y have. Strangu to say, tbo Slavs
r,nd the Germans are just now ngrrod in their hostility
to Turkey; tho Hungarians aro very demonstrative
In their hatred ol Kussia, and the Court party, while
?in xious to pleaso all the natloiiitllliea ol tho empire, I
ind with perhaps cotnloriing memories of agrcciuouis :
mado at tbo blessed al.iancoof tho three kaisers, is
very anxious to support liusstu, find thus, Instead of
allowing tl>" Czar to gel all the plunder, to be
permitted to come Pi for a share of whatever spoils
there may eventually be. Hut the Slavs mid tho
Court do not support Kussia lor the same reason. The
Court hopes by keeping friendly with Kussia to in
crease the number and extent of her Slavic provinces.
Tne Slavs, on the other hand, ate nnxiou.- to seo
tlielr Marie brethren ol Sorvtaand llosoiu mada In
dependent; tiiey h ivo drcains nbout tho great Slavic
Empire ol tbo future, of which they too might bo en
abled lo lorm a part.
TDK POSITION OP Bb'SUAKT. i
Uut Hungary loves neither the Gorman nor tho Sluv? j
the lailcr lcusl ol all?and oi course can not allow au
inurture of the Slavonic element in tho Austrian Era- I
piro, however much tins ra>glit pleaso the i
ambition ol the house ut Hapaburj. If .
ever there was a nation divided ngamst it- I
self, ami consequently rendered si most inea- I
pable of doing anylhtng at nil, It is the Empire on
the Danube And besides being divided in Itself, i
Austria is compelled, before taking any decisive steps, ,
to consider what 1'rinco Bismarck think* ol the mat- i
tcr. To go in for Kussia would estrange the Magyars 1
from tbo Empire; to go against Kussia would bo ,
tqpally dangerous both trom tho Klsmarckian and '
Slavonian poluts of View. Hitherto, Austria's policy ;
has never been well dellucd; and it is very likely that 1
it will not be in tho future, though she will watch her '
opportunity to reap us much benefit as possiblo nt the j
least cost to herself. Should Andrassy resign, which
Is certain in case the Russian party gets the upper 1
hand, his successor, Karon Honiimiiii, will not he able
to inaugurate a more detinue policy, except ;n so far
that ho will he simply the expression ol tho imperial j
Views and wtanes.
TUK ItL'MIAKl.tN STI DKXT*.
Rut the danger that would threaten the dynasty and
the iilo nt tlio empire in rase <>! actual support of
Russia has been indicated vory recently und very
cleurly in the event.- that have beeu reported from
I'osth. Asa rule, I think student demonstrations are i
very mulish affairs, and great importance should not
ho attached to them. Kuropean students, whether
Herman, Austrian or 11 ttriparian. are a set of boister
ous, beer drinking irllowg, who have vanity enough to
believe that they understand politics belter than the
statesmen, and that their demonstrations will in
fluence or intimidate a government. Formerly this <
\\...? tue case, but now ihe Kuropean goveriimems are
sirong enough to ted the students to Keep to their I
studies and let pootirs a'onu. The tact is Hint Kit- |
rope in students are suup.y overgrown school hoys,
sod hare no more right to ?? demonstrate " than u
IkvJ.v of shoemaker- apprentices or a parrel of
washerwomen. s*o. when a lew hundred I'esth stu
flcuts go In procession, as they Hid last week,
to the grave ol * celebrated Turkish saint, named Unci '
Halm, who is bnricd in a mosque not lar iroiu Hint
l'cstli. and th-rc iiitko pcclies "n llnngiiriau, tier
man, 1 nuch and Kugllsh,' as wo me informed, Hits
cvciil in tlsoll has no political iiitpcrtnue.r, though it
mar prove the old adage reversed?"As lite tree is ill
cliocd the twig is bent.'" Thai is lo say, this worship 1
at a Turkish saint by ilia Magyar ChriAian youth is,
as Klsmarck once remarked, the loam on iliu crest of
the waves that growl ai.d boil beneath.
"STI OKNTKN-rol ITIK. "
The students of the i'esth 1'iiiverelly have, besides
en ikiug inn pilgrimage io the Turkish mi ml. now
Mstttil an iiddie-a io ttie Hungarian youth and lormrd
a committee lor the reception ol subscriptions in I>?? -
bail oi the wounded 'lurks. The address ;,oes on to
say how two hiillons are lighting ou the Lialkan; the ,
one, people lo whom Hungary otic rod an asylum
when exile.I mid (icrsecuted, has rrp-ud friendship
??Willi murder;" the oiner. wuou, on ac- f
muni ol misunderstandings, the Hungarians ,
touglit lur a century, now rccognuod in
tiio Magyars a n.tioii of lirotlicrs, and
received tnem ::.s tricr.ds at a time when tney were
persecuted and deserted b> Kurn|ie. l itis eenlvttco is
a i lear thrust at Austria, who called In l(iissi.t loiter
assistance to t|iie!t the Magyar reltelltoti. Tho address
t lien pleads lor pecttuluiy -iib-crtplioii* lor the Turkish
wounded, saying, truly enough, that m>! a single
l*i vili/cd nation in Kuro;c lias thus lar directed its
IvuiT.tthies to the iollowers of the Crescent, "The
jiiniier.' says the address, "which the Hungarian i
routli liuve rat-i d, canutil fall, unit w o will prove to
our Turkish brethren that tlu> Magyar, even hi tills ,
era ol money making. Is willing to bring great sacrt- '
tlces ill aid ot a liolilc idea."
IH'VIVUY S KRSCK AI STIl. t.
1 lie add re s concludes wit ha demand thai commit
tees shall vism Ihe tin Its til iliu poor, tho palace ol the
rich and obtain subscriptious; iliac the Villages, ham
lets, pur/las ol dag* sriand shall enclt gtve its quota;
balls, concerts and lolter.es shall be made aubvr- .
Vient to the same great end ol affording aid '
to the Turkish wounded. Hut 1 am alrald the students 1
sro reckoning without their host. lit Kluuscnburg,
where a simitar campaign lias been starred, the police
Iijvo stepped in and put a Veto on tlie matter. Doubt
less the Hungarians nave a right to give their money
lor the Turks it so they teel inclined, out the central j
government declines, and quite correctly, too, Iront its
point ni view, to allow the Magyar youth to dictate I
what the policy ol the Austrian Kmptro snail be. In
teresting it may be to know. too. thai the students of
the Moscow 1'niverstty have "got their becka up" at
the Pesth address, iltey waul lo knew II it is truo
that the l'e-tb students have "dared" to express pub. j
lirlv their yfnpuiti) lor Turkey, il so the Moscow stu- ,
dents consider it tuolr duty to dospise the i'osth stu- ;
dents and to consider them as ttie supportors ot bar
barism, cruelty and oppression and traitor* to htiman
ny and irecdoiii. ITiu Vienna papers report that the
Prsth students nave also tieen thinking ol sending a
tiisgiiilleeul sword to the Turks, hut ae there Is some
uoutit about lite story it i? better to otiitt t.
Tits: Ut SSIAX l I.TIMATI'M.
Since tlie recent Turkish victories and iliu uti
?xpected and unwarranted ultimatum scut by
ftui.ua to tlie l'orle, the tide ol jiopular Iccltug in
riiiropo lias been turned rather again-d Russia
und in favor of Turkey. Success is always the
measure ol appreciation, und support is seldom want
lug to the tor lunate, liouuinuia lias recently necome
inspired with courage enough lo say that she is a neu
tral Mate, auU, as such, tinder tlie protection ol tho
(?rent Powers, and that the passage ol Russian troops
through iior territory is ? und mis-utile. It is probable
that I'rince Jltsniarck may have had something to do
with this inspiration, nr now wc learn Ir.du liorlin
tuat tho ii an of Vai/in t? going to -peak on the
lliirrtnl <|UfstWU, and the W'trr /.?ihimi. generally u
well tnlormcd organ, says iliat the Prince has never
hat sight ot Hie importance to Hermans ol
the trcedotn ol the Danube. Tho XiOo.ua/
oi'tntt alto admits that UefHn would sever linvo
permitted the Danube to be in possession ol the Kits
Sims XV hy Austria does not say tho same Is a <|iie?
.ion which is still unanswered, l'etbaps now, when
tliu set - Turkey "i star not qu l? *o darkly beclouded,
? he may loll tlie world cleatiy that the Danube I* her
hie artery and ,u such its tree course is vital to the in
terests ol the Ktnpiro. The recent debate* in tlie im
perial Parliament have net elicited ant clearer lore
ihadewtngs ul tho government policy. Some of thu
jiavtc deputes said that the Slavs would r.oi light
igainut ltussla; sumo ol the Hungarians slid the
Magyars would not light u?ain*l tlie Turks, but all do
;lsnd IhemVoive-loyal to the Kmplro "to the bnck
luue. '* So. lit truth, Austria would have a most sinu
sal It part to play to any conflict between Russia and
Turkey, and niter all the great conglomerate empire
s. perhaps, morn to be pit ted than htamed.
tiik march or r.jteisr.
The great question whether we suali have peace or
?** ? mi remain undecided until Christmor. but
whether peace or war. we may rent assured that Rus
sia's place in Kuro|? will be changed Mlum iU<- East
ern question m ?? tiled. lu America we aay that llw
path <i( empire rasrvlie. westward; Id Europe we may
be continent! that the |Mth of empire i* marching
I south, Russia is landing toward tbu Black Sea, ml it
should not startle as if in a few yours we bail that St.
i Petersburg, as Moimw before it. will be descried aud a
! new cipitul, in a warmer ami morn suitable dime, will
tw eieated nu the southern bind era of I lie Katjiire
' >ueli a trausfer ol Iter capital may lie looked upon
! as a certainly ; end llio nlaek Sea, Joiued
I to the Caspian and ronnecied tiy railways
1 with (i-nirui Vita, will be the harbor of her fleet a and
' her ? ommerre. No wonder that ahe tight* for Con
I staiitinople, or at least a aula, clear passage to the
' Meiliterrauoati. Why should she not/ And with
! Russian commerce irom her European and Asiatic
I dominions pouring Into the ft lack sea and thence
i Ihrough lite Dardanelles: with Turkey lreed, it* she,
I alroody la, from Iter burden of Ucbi, with the bus of
some provinces perhaps, ain! given a new lease of life;
with Italy developing her commerce and her Industry;
Egypt aud Alnra opened lo couuoerco; India rcmliug
her treasures through the Sue/ Canal, iho reault tuusl
eventually be iho tranalerol a vast portion ol Kttrope'e
commerce and life to the Mediterranean. The eouae
?nonce of all thin will be as fatal for tbo North of
1 Europe as would be a change in the course of tlie Cull
Stream.
G Kit MANY 1IKVAGU AU8TBIA.
i ron) the Pail Mall Gazette.)
Some curious revelations of tho policy ol Prince Ris
I mon k iu the Kuatera que-tion were, according to Iho
j ,V rmaio. of St. Petersburg, elicited Iu the
; cotirso of a recent con vers ition hetwoon the I'rinceund
I ' an intimate lricnd," which the above paper iBonnblcd
' tocomntunhutu to Its reader*. Tho hostility to Russia
| uiauihmad by the German press, said Prince Hla
' marck, Is iu no way Inconrunlent to the German
government, us satno "short.sighted ruodiocri
i ties" suppose, lor it haa the (-lied ol enlighten
lug tho German nation as to Its into Inter
I osts in tho East. The ccutral point of llio
| aituatlon lor Germany is Routnauis, which la ruled
by a German print e urol connects Gorman territory by
I railway with the Danube. "While Austria la pushing
I toward tho Balkan Peninsula Irom the west Germany
\ advances upon it from the cast. A powerful national
I instinct impels the German rnco to make new ncquish
| lions, while Kussiau cosmopolltanhsui and Ihu in
capacity of our dnaacters spread tho old notion of our
povorly, our tnitory and our want of culture, und exult
thu disinterested triumphs of European civilization.
The Rnasian organs lu the German press aro Incessantly
talking or our co-opor.Ulon with the rest ol Europe, of
the external character of the Slavonic question and of
the great deeds of diplomacy ; but meanwhile Germany
is silently making the Slavonic question her own,
thereby snowing oiico more her intelligence and far- I
eightedne**, without raring what Europe may say." j
?T'ouninnla," the l'rinco went on to say, i
"has a great part to May in ihn coming events.
She is the high road wbicu leads the German race I
lo the Balkan peninsula. At Brat we will remain in
thu background, but we will direct everything. The ;
l'rinco ol Koiiiiuioiu will in duo nmu be proclaimed 1
King ol the Dar.ubiau territories, including part ol j
Bulgaria. This is simple and cnuveniaiii una would i
not cost Germany a tnnler. Kurope must consent, j
w hotbor she arih or not; her hatred lor Russia and her
wish to keep thu Russians out of the tilnck ties will :
leave her i.o alternative. German colom/.ui ion and ;
trade will do iho rest. By creating this Dunuhian |
kingdom wu shall nut only check the spread of Puu
slavisiu, but become a lormldablo rival to the power of i
Kngiami in the East. Bulgaria would not oiler any ob- j
jccttun, lor tlieroalready l.AOO.OOu Bulgarians iu Rou
mania, who hnve most of the trade of the country iu j
their liaud-i. This new Dunuhian Kingdom, with i
some !I),WI0,000 inbahilsntB, would gel a licet, with j
our help, and gradually exiend German power south
ward from tlm o.ihi, absorbing Scrvia and creating an .
cfluc'tuul barrier against Russia."
RUSSIA AND TURKEY.
GENERAL IGNATIEEI' S CONDUCT ABROAD AND
HIS BACKING AT HOME.
Bit it UN, NOV. 7, IS 76. |
Ignatiefl', who, during tho last ten years bus taken |
such a prominent part in the development of the Hast- j
crn question, Is undoubtedly ononl the most interest- |
tup ol Russian st?.tea men. In contradistinction to bis :
successor, l'rluco Menlcliikoli; who entered the pros- j
so nee of the Sultan cloaked and with riding boots, i
whereby ho exceedingly shocked Moslems teiiacionsly
and religiously clinging to old laws, Ignatiefl displays
the greatest amiability and Kiibservteuce to Moham
medan peculiarities. Thoroughly acquainted with
the Turkish national character, to the study
of which he has devoted great diligence. IgnalielT
understands how to flatter the weaknesses of the
Ottoman statesmen end keep them its good temper,
although be cleverly lets them foel the hand of a mas
ter. IgnalielT descends from the so-called Russian
gentry,, whose devotion to tho house of Uomsuon in
llio army and navy is almost unparalleled. His father,
au old martinet, who, owing to his line military bear
ing, gained tho lavor of tho Emperor Nicholas, waa
adjutant general and governor general at St. J'eicrs- !
burg, without, however, much Influencing the career of
ids son, equally serving in the army. On the out- 1
break or the Crimean war young Ignatiolf was still |
a simple captain, obliged to content himself with
beiug attached to the suite of General vou Here, then
commanding In Kevat, and afterward Viceroy oi Rus
sian Poland. Whereas his comrades ot the Guards
were acquiring tutnc and dislincltou on the banks
ot the Anna and before Sehnstopoi Iguullctf was con
demned by ill lurk to w ander about lno dirty streets of
Reval, in ihedeceptive hope mat the British licet might
perhaps attack tne Baltic coast ol Russia. As a recog
nition ot services rendered his country during the |
War, and in remembrance hi the ca npnlgu. Iguntleff
revived the Crinuan medal, a simple urcoraiiou
greatly contrasting with orders slid medals cou.erred
on bis friends "beloro the enemy." Driven by the
demob ot ambition and lust ior honor, IgnalielT, Instead
ot returning to tho guy lite of tne capital, followed
General Murawien 10 Kast Siberia, on bis expedition
lor exploration and eventual annexation 01 tho truilfui
country on 1 lie A moor. Tho outbreak of the Anglo
f'rahco war with China lavorcd ttie latter project.
Ignalivfl, sent by hi*government to I'ckin, concluded,
alter short negotiations, a treaty Willi the Celestial
Kmpire, ceding a large tract ot land south ot tho
Ainoor to Russia. I lie success ot this enterprise, the Orst
attained l->,tu?M. Petersburg Cabinet idler I he Crimean
war, created great Joe among the Russian people,
aad made Ignutietl quite suddenly a man 01 celeoiuy. I
tin his return to >u Petersburg the young military
diplomatist was literally overwhelmed wrlin honors,
l.nrtst hakotr, Utile suspecting ihcu a luturo rival 111
IgnalielT, called him Into the Foreign Office, where be
was employed in the Central Act ? tic depanment, and
appoinicd mm in JNb.i, when Prince l.utmneli Itaa- '
tow.Hgi, Ambassador 111 Constantuiople, was placed on
the retired list, by general concurrence, Ambassador at
1 lie Sublime Porte. His sojourn in At. Petersburg hud
been admirably employed by ignatien. possessing at
tractive eociul uiMiint r- to lorm Inllucutlal connec
tions at court uiuoug the the intimate attendants ol tho
Emperor, Itv his marriage with a Princess Galttsyn
tic won 1 tic lavor of the highest Russian '
aristocracy, who tilt itien had looked down upon him
as u member 01 tlie ??Tchtn," or bureaucratic nobility.
I-nation - intimacy Willi tlie tracers of Panslavlsiii,
tneu exactly at the rouilii ol ttielr power, was an event
01 gie.n unporiauo- lortbo In lore. More quickly tlmu
any en.'Russian oihciul did Ignatloll percelva lite in
(Itieiiou ol Slavophile ideas on llieltuSMun people, slid
made them tho base ol Ills Eastern policy. Accom
panied with 1 tie best wishes of Kalkofl', I.eontjclf,
Aksakoif aud other leaders ol tho Punslavist party,
lgiialielt set out in duly, lhfl-t, ou his wuy to l oiislaii
cianwiiople, where ho was called upon to play such an
Important rCts. In the ten years
FOflOVIXU TUB t'MMKAN W.IK,
Russia had liy abstention from all ambitious plans re
covered her .strength. Tho revolt at Calami, the
torcib e suppression of which demanded such a
bloody sarriflco, had delayed and not prevented tier (
resuscitation. In 1864 tlie Emperor Alexander telt I
biinseU strong enough to resume the powerful voice ?
exerciacu by Ins lutbnr Hi tho European concert, and 1
commissioned IgiiutictV to bring Russia's tnllueuco ,
again to bear 011 tbe sutne spot whore it, by coalman
0 the Western Power.-, had been suhpi
gated. Instructions givsn to IgnalielT wore
lullllled by li 1 in to tho letter. Al
ready his llrst ae'.ious in Constantinople .
betrayed, ibalu 1 haugu bad taken place in Russia's
Ea-tern policy. \l ilbjuimvasurabtusolf-conffdencc and
ooaoctouqne re ol Ins cc.unir\'* aim*, Ignaticif, whose
appearaui e is very lasciuating and uncommonly w in
ning, comiii*need nr. tactics with tho loading Mates, j
men ol the Porte, the political Weakness of winch,
with condescending and almost insolent .sntilur.ty, ho
laid time. He lent In* our to all enemies ot the Porte, I
and encouraged them to resist the l'sdisrh ill. the
Russian Km hussy waa made the olaeo ot meet- 1
ing ot all possible Inirwues against Turkey, a partici
p.lion lli which Igualtefl dented * us s?on |
us they turned out Ititile. Always Iricodly
and smiling toward the I'orte, ho rut off atleom- j
plaints with impossible promises or conscious lies.
In per-ooal tnteiowne playing the gentleman,
ignalirff, similar to his eolleaguu in Eondou, Count !
Achummow, appears not to have tlie least idea that
even in intercut 01 the Rtato lies ar? mexccsihlo. At
the beginning ot his cireer IgnalielT flununted a* to j
winch party among iliu dillorcnl Christian populations
ou tho Balkan peninsula he should adopt, lie would
have preferred holding friendship wtth all. to have united
them in >t common struggle against Turkish away, hut
*.ii h hopes were vain, the differences between slaves '
and Crocks: lltilgarian, Armenian and (iroek Chris- |
Hans were loo great to render union possible. At the
1 insurrection 011 the Island of Crete, to which ho se
cretly incited the Greeks, and In the Bulgarian f'buren
1 onflicl Ignaiiefl was obliged to show hi- color-. Ill
both que-non* lie lost the rnnlidenrc ot the Greeks,
wh<rh even new he has not quite regained Tho Agra
rian revolt in the Herzegovina, (no roiomenceni -nl
ol tho present crisis, was ardently promoted by
Ignaticif. Through his rare, the Grand Vir.ier. Mab
muil S'odtm Pacha, reported even to have been
1 111 Russian pay, the Ainban-adnr undermined the
credit at the Porto and lamed her ii.tlitury resource*.
I Everything was already prepared tor a hmuits Ml*
winch would have made Russia by n secret treaty ub
loltlla master ol Constantinople, when the unexpected
| revolt at lite Sodas, tho tall ol Mohammed I'hcIis and ,
dethronement of Abdul Axlz battled Ignattefl's deep
laid piane. Tho Ambassador locmed ior a moment
1. unite stunned. lor. with tho 6,0w Montenegrin mcrco- .
narics maintained by llursia in Constantinople, he
might certainly be.xo pr-venlcd the Grand \ i/jer'a
overthrow. .Alter the dethronement of Abdul Azi* lg
naiiell who --aw the reins ol government pa?? in In*
(Maun', Midhai Pacha and Huraeiu Arcut Pacha's
bauds, <ltd not remain Ions in Constantinople. Iiuiuo
tliamly alter Ins departure Servia and Montenegro de
clared war, penetrating into Turkiah territory, which
they expected to conquer ? illtoul molestation. Great
was their astonishment, however, on flaU'.ug their In
lentmuN practically resented, t'n lortune of xvur
placing heraell unequivocally on the aide of Turkcx.
notwithstanding lite intlux ol Kustiau volunteers
to Servia, lgnui ;et1, who. during |i|a leave ol abaeuce
had been ovalrd una escorted by the PanslnvtsU as a
tr.umphntor. returned to hi* pout to prevent an anni
hilation of S. rvi't. and slop the furies in their vic
torious tiiarctt to Belgrade, fho arrival ol IgiialiefT.
called among the Turk* "the father of lies," was
looked upon by the forte with ureal mistrust, being
woli aaaie that new intrigues and new couipllcattou*
would be plauncit by him until lie saw his anu, the
destruction ol iho Ottoman Krnpire in Europe aud
supremacy of the Slavs ou the Hal Wan peninsula, ac
complished.
ARCTIC EXPLORATION.
THE WAY TO THIS XOBTU I'OI.E?OPINION OF A
HULL WHALIVG CAPTAIN.
Captain Wells, who was inr many years connected
with the Hull whilling tleot, writes to the J&irfcra
Morning .Xmi as follows:?"Tho most powerful expe
dition ever sent on Arctio discovery baa just returued
unsuccessful, and, to tuv tuiud, no wonder. They
have done their very best, there is uo doubt, and havo
succeeded in accomplishing one ot the most import
ant parts ol their duly?namely, to socuro a safe and
early return without putting the country lo the anx
iety and expense ol sending a searching expedition to
look lor and, if necessary, to bring tliem home.
Thirty-six years' experience iu Iho Arctic seas, how
ever, convinces me that iho I'otc Is accessible, nod will
ere long be reached, but not by tlio way ol Bulliu's
liay and Smith's Sound lor tlio following reasons:?
llalllu's Day, or Davis .Straits, is well known
to be a long arm ol the sea stretching
lor several hundreds of uiilcs from the
Atlantic, and for eight months of the yrar nearly to
tally covered with ice; thence Smith's rmund, com
mencing at the cxtreinu head ot IJuttln'a ltny, runs
several degrees further northward, aud is a narrow
channel, with high mountainous coasts, thus render
ing it utterly impossible for the ico iu the unknown
space ever to be reached or iillrcted by uuy swell or
other action of tbo tea likely to cause its disruption,
and the only known decaying efloct must lie irom Iho
rise and fall ot iho tides and the action of a very brief
summer's sun. ticnce the impossibility of finding a
passage through It or even getting over it, in conse
quence ol lis substance and high ragged suriace. So
much for the route the late expeditiou has been In
structed to follow. J will now try to pouit outaiar
moro likeiy way. and give my reasons. Tho north !
end ot Spuzbcrgen, In Greenland, which lies I
in latitude 80 degrees north, and Is ihtrslore !
only 600 miles from tlio Pole, Is enstly reached j
every year by tbe whalers aud walrus hunters, and It I
has often happened that 81 deg. AO sec., und 1 believe,
in some instances, 82 degrees uorth has beeu reached ;
wheu searching for whales, thus reducing the distance
iront the ship to the 1'oto to 480 miles, and this, It !
must be remembered, Is without making any effort at j
discovery. Now, looking at tbe map or chart in tnis ?
neighborhood, it will be seen that a clear unintcr- |
ruplcd roll ol swell runs up tram tho Atlantic lor the
most part ol the yo ir, und annually smashes up tbo ico
at an early part ol the summer season. 1 myself when
ahoy on board the A'lraiu, ol Hull, xvas ouce in lati- 1
tilde 81 degrees north in tbe inonth of April, and it is '
well kuoxvu thai tho averago daily drift ot a ship when i
beset in iho pack is Irom tnatotwelVo miles southerly,
varying according to tbe winds, thus proving that iho
ico in latitude 81 degrees in April, If surriving at all, is
in latitude 06 degrees by the end ol July, which la an ,
average drift of teu miles daily lor three
mouths, or ninety ddys. Now this being tho
best ol tho summer mouths, wlion no new Ice
able to survive can make, 1 ask what must be ilie nut- |
urul result ol this welt known southerly drill but the
leaving of an immense hody ot xvater northward, aud 1
am convinced that if a poworlul screw steamer sum as |
luis just returned from tho other route (aud it must bo
remembered this way has never yet been tried by any j
such means) could enter tho so-called north water?
say by tho cud of June?he would have abundance of
time to survey the unknown space totweeu the degrees
of 82 aud 'JO north, and secure, without doubt, her re
turn by tbo same route, as takon upward, and bjjoro
any new Ico could bo lurmod to obstruct her passugo
back, It being all duyilght during tills lutervul. As
to tlio certainty of drilt, remember tbo portion of :
iho American schooner l'olsris' crew who wore aban
doned by thoir ship accidentally only two or i
tbreo years ago, when on a piece of iro in latitudo 76 ,
degroes north, in Davis Straits, and in the moniu ol
October, wheu winter was before thorn,and new ice I
constant.y making, and more or losa obstructing Iho .
drift ot the old Ice?yet they drove doxvn tlic Straits :
nnd were picked up on thosume piece ot ice oil the const
of Newfoundland by one ot tne scalers in Hie early I
fart u( the loltowiug spring, having drilled south
about 1.100 tniler. As lo what is iu tho neighborhood
o( tbo Pole, 1 am certain thcro Is no land, otherwise
tb- ro would be glaciers, and, it so, then lo-bergs would |
be louiid drilling southerly from I heir native origin,
as i* the casccn si! the Arctic coasts, but none arc ever
Ften or met with north or Sptt7.be gen. 1 venture to
give 'these remarks to tbo public as being tbe long
t-onvlnccd stale ol my own mind Irom many years ex
perience In both tbo above-named Arctic seas."
A BOY KILLED IN ALBANY.
[Krom the Albany Argus, Sot. i'6 ]
I.ouls Tlicus keop* a butcher stall at the southwest
comer of Third avenue and Teunia street. About
twontv minutes to one o'clock yesterday afternoon
i.ouls, his wifo and one Jacob Kucha, a farmer rcsid.
ing on the Shaker road, about eight miles from this
city, wero sitting in ?*> room in the rear of tho market,
engaged in conecrsation, whoa three boys, one mimed
Asprien, came through the market, and opening the 1
sitting room door commenced to taunt I.ouis, using
?Ho epithets. Louis was greatly cnragotl, and
drovo llio young scoundrels Iroin tho shop. In a
lew minutes John Grosser came into the shop and
asked lor some liver. Gouts proceeded to cut eomo
liver lor the boy, who remained standing near tbo
front door, wncn young Asprlcn and his companions
returned and stood in the doorway, reiterating tlicir
taunis. In a spasm of rage tho drunken butcher
threw tlie knilu ho was using toward tho boys.
Tne kntle .struck young dresser on thu left side,
just holow tho ribs, and then lei I to t lie floor. The boy
look ilirae slop* forward uod then tell. Mrs. Then?,
who wns in the back room, and who witnessed the oc
currence, rushed lorwnrd and took the boy In her
arms. Seeing that he was seriously injured tho woman
took the hoy .nto llie hack room and placed him on a
bed. She to d Kucha to run for a doctor and ho started
oil, hut did not succeed in finding one. In the mean
titne a targe crowd had collected nud pressed iuto
tho shop and rooiu. Prs C. I? Maxtor und Van SlyUc
soon made their appearance, hui, oi course, could ren
der no assistance, ami the iiov died ten minutes alter
the kuiic struck tutu. Officer Sweeney happened to be
passing at the nine, and with difficulty mudo his way
lo the hou-e through the large crowd which had assem
bled. llo found Thetis socretod in the garret, but suc
ceeded In nrresllhg bint alter a short struggle. The
kiilto with which tho murder was commuted is about
eighteen inches long uud as anarp aa a razor. The
murderer is a sliort, thick-set, brutal looking man, his
litre being bloated by rum, his cheeks llubby, his eyes
puffed up and hla hair course and shocky. He has a
sparse beard mid mustache. He Is about forty years
of ago, and is very repulsive tu appearance. The
Ktcncn Irom his person was sickening, lie was very
talkative and ready tu volunteer a statement in court,
but Justiro Chile, bcloro whom he was arraigned,
siloncodnlm. lie did not appear lo realize the deed lie
had committed, though his bloaied (natures wero
slightly paic. The victim, John Grosser, was louneen
years of age, and resided with his father, Andrew
Grosser, nt No. fl-r> Third avwbue. Ho was a quiet, in
offensiTO hoy, and liad been runt tu the market by his
sister. He did not have ituytliiiig lo say to the other
boys, and was In no way connected with tbetn.
A COOL FRAUD.
A stout young ranu entered the liter saloon ot
George Kooui/.. at No. 171 West Houston siroet, yes- i
? j
lorday allomoou, and called for it gluss oi heor. Having >
drunk and paid for it he turned lo the proprietor and 1
said, "You aro my prisoner* 1 am an officer and 1
arrest you lor violation ol the Kviso Law." Koontx I
yielded gracefully to tho inevitable and followed the i
supposed officer. They walked along Grecr.c siroet, up
illeeekcr and dow u Rroadway, thu officer In the mean
while leciuring ins prisoner somewhat severely for his
violation ol the lutv. Alter ttcy had gone a consider
able distance Koot.tr, suspicion* thut ins custodian was I
u irand, became aroused, and racing a roundsman j
called to him. At this the stout young mar. turned ,
pale and started to run, Koontr and the roitndantan
lollowing at the top ol their speed. The fugitive >
gained ground rapidiy, and alter icaditig bis pursuers |
a long distan'-e darted into tho alleyway ol No. HOI i
Mulberry street, opposite Police Headquarters. The
roundsman followed and caugnt him hiding In a dark
corner ol the bn-sment. Hu was taken to tho Four
teenth precinct station house, where lie gave the name
ol John Hchm>. llo said he was Irom Ohio and
boarded at No. lu Washington street.
The police think bis object in personating an officer
was lo extort money Irom Mr. Kooniz. The prisoner
will bo arraigned at court this morning.
SUICIDE FROM A FERRYBOAT.
The ftrrytoat Delaware, ol tho I'aronla line, left
the Chambers street slip at a <|uarter to twelve yester
day forenoon, and when mar the Jersoy City slip a
passenger usinod Patrick I. Nugent, aged pity years,
deliberately Jumped overboard and was drowned.
BURGLARS ARRESTED.
At the Washington Plnce Police Court yesterday
Leo Hchwiodcl and Henry Cooper wero arraigned
before Ju?Pro llixby. charged with breaking into the
house of Mine. Quini/., at No. Ins West Houston siroet.
on the 'JOtlt insi., and stealing tWO worth ol property.
1 he f r.sonora were held by Justice lilxby in default of
SLOW balk
ANOTHKK SPANISH OUTHAGK.
IMl'MSON MKST OF AN AMEKK AN CITIZKN AT
KAN JUAN, POKTO UICO?UIHTOBY OK THE
victim's srrrKitiNGH
Tho American public having by tbla time pot ac
customed to hearing of the repeated outrages inflicted
en oar citizens by Spanish officials in ttia Antilles, will
not bo surprised to loarn tb?t anolhor ol our follow
countrymen, tu the person of Placido Izquierdo. has
been arbitrarily Imprisoned in San Juan, I'orto Rica
The following statement, which was given by a man
who lias just emerged Irom tbo solitude ol a prison
cell, will doubtless be rcsd with interest by those who
lovo liberty and fair p!ay, being furnished, as it Is, by
Mr. Izquierdo himself-?
TDK I.ATK rkttOXKB'S 8T0IIT.
Mr. Placido Ixquierdo said, in substance:?I am
twenty-six years of age and a native of Cardenas,
Cuba. 1 visited this city for the first lime In tho year
18 J9, In winch year 1 took out my initiatory pa|>ers
preparatory to becoming a citizen of the United States,
and on tho 22d December of the same year received
my final papers in tbo City Hall Naturalization Du
rcau. In February of ibo lollow iug year 1 found my
self engaged as fourth engineer on board the ttcatn
yacht Oetuvm, at a salary of $11' a month, the vessel
being then in the port of Kingston, Jamaica,
preparing for her voyage to New Yotk. In
consequence of Unsocial duliculties which Intervened
to prevent tho sailing of the Oetuvta, und also because
the voasel labored undor the suspicion of being a
Cuban prlvateor, she was sold to Mr. ADamoni de Cor
dova, a woalt by mordant at Kingstou, and who Is
connected wijh tho publication of a leading uewspa
I per iherc. Tho Octavia, bclora passing Into tho hands
! ol her new purchaser, had sailed uudcr the name of
j tbo Uruguay, and under that name she had formerly
I been registered as a British yacht lu tbo
Dominion of Canada. We started on the 17th of
i February for New York, having throo pas
sengers on hoagd, Mr. Holland, the actor, and his two
! lltlio girls. Mr. Holland uuderlook the duties ol
? purser during the trip. Captain Walzniau, of Kackett
I street, Brooklyn, cominsndod the veaayl, and on this
occasion his wife made the trip with bim. The crew
! numbered altogether thirty-two seamen. During our
' run lor New York, und while on the high seas, we
! were chased by thu Spanish man of-war Herman Cor
tez, ruptured and towed as a prlzu into tho harbor of
Suu Juan, I'orto ltico.
Tho Captato, bis wile, Purser Holland and bis two
children, the first engineer and two others, wero all
put undor restraint as prisoners, but not locked up in
the tort Twenty-three persons of the roiuaining por
tion of the crew, including myself, were all put into
tho lortibcaitons and informed by tho officers there
that we wore to be suol tho sumo night as pirates,
lrou handcuff* were put on our wrists and our arms
wero pinioned behind our bucks. 1 suffered Die most
cxcruc.atlng pains from the pressure of the Iron, and
the circulaiion of tho blood In both arms
almost entirely coascd. My hands became swollen, and
my arms still hear tbo marks o, two red circles
siauipod on them by the irons which 1 wore. It was
llnally resolved not to shoot us, and through the en
ergetic remonstrances of Captain Paoli, the British
Consul, our irons were removed. Tho Consul lost uo
time in telegraphing to Kiogston, requesting tue pres
ence ol a man-of-war at Kan Jusu, wuere we were im
prisoned. In response to tho request the British au
thorities sent out the Kclipsc, and this vessel, through
tbo representations ol Captain Paoli, was ullnweu to '
take ncurly everybody uwuy. Captain W'.nzinan re- I
tnaiuctl, however, to look utter his ship, and his wne
remained with him.
nts VICTIMS.
I had with ino uiy naturalization papers as ud Ameri
ran citizen, but llicy were ot uo use ti> mc, and 1 was
hut behind in aan Jitau allor my shipmates had bct-u
released and had sm.ni trout 1'urto Kito. Two other
compauions in adversity, whose uaiocs were Manuel
Gulurrt-z, < f Havana, ,ulid Victor Soto, of Santiago
tie Cuba, were incarcerated with me. Thoy were
neither American citizen* nor British subject*.
We inulie up our minds alter ttiu depurtuie ol tho
Eclipse that mo should never leave the prison nlivo
mid that pu.-sibly wo might sutler death by tbo terri
ble ordeal ol' starvation. I confess to lor hug hurt
thul the American Consul bad been able to elfi-ct'noth
ing in mv behalf, much leas to jirocuro uiy release, as
the British Consul hud done tor Ills fellow subjects.
The Amertcuu Consul was kind In acudiog me news
papers, views ot the Centennial Exhibition and
triendly messages, asking me to keep my courage i
up. The British Consul sent ua cheese, a Yorkshire
hum. papers and told us not to give up hu|ie. When
we hail been some time in the Murro lort we were '
taken to the chupel, as is the custom to do with crim
inals Mho are under the sentence of death, in ordor
that ibey may have the bouetlt of Church rites. Tho
Governor of the tort tbon asked us to coufoss that tho
tteiavia was a Cuban Ullbuatcrltig crall, saying that iu
csmj of refusal to do so some would be shot. Our reply
ivss that he might shoot us if he wished, but that wo
could uol coutoss any such ibiug, as the |
Octavia was tho properly of Mr. Cordova, ol
Kiiigsiou. and that she waa duly registered aud had ,
her clearauco papers as a British vessel. I added tliut
it they massacred me the matter would be brought to <
tlio attention ol Mr. Hamilton Ftah at Wasuiuglou
and by him to that of the Spanish government. This
brutal piece ol aciine. In bringing us out to be shot i
unless we conlessed, was repoaied several time*, until :
we final y became so accustomed to it that wo laughed
ut tho farce.
rKiKM>8 in skw roan.
Meanwhile my Irieutl. Mr. Gouzaicz Aco.-ia, of No.
"iTO West'thirty-third street. New York, had written
to Mr. Fish about my case, aud rocetved a reply dated
iu Washington on tbe ltd of July lust, to the eltuct that
Mr. Hall, the American Consul General at Havana, had
been instructed to make inquiries respecting my al
leged citizenship and rights, and also ordering that It I
should be a I'unn rfuic citizen tho Consul should ailord
ine the required protection to which 1 would in such
case be entitled. Of coutac, 1 knew uoihing about
what was being done lor mo at tbe time, nor did I I
learn what hud taken place till I got my liberty many
mouths atlerwuro.
Captain Walztnun and his estimable wife (God bloss
cr ! i brought us cigars and money wherewith, to
her !) brought usclgars and money wherdwith to pur
chase food. Our prison fare '.ens miserably meagro
aud dirtily cooked. Our blankets, that were never
changed in the long porlou ol our Imprisonment,
wblc.li lasted six months, and our bedolotbee, were, of
course, covoted witn vermin ; our shoes worn out, out i
health Impaired, and the charms ol life had do- j
parted trout us, so that wo cured not whether we '
lived or died. Hut the worst was yet to come. We were I
taken down to tho bottom of the Morro lort, down 116
steps, near a water battery. where the placo was ao dump
that our boois became mouldy within u lew Hours.
While here some of our kee|iera were kind to ua and
others acted very tusuliingiy. Down in these coid,
miserable quarters wc becamn sick. Our lodgings
were Immediately behind me place where the cannon
which was uamod iho Orivas wus mounted. Here it >
was our late to live three months ol torture.
II kl.KASkh BY A KOKKIUN CONSl'U
In the llrst days ol October, alter having been about ,
six iiiohibs in prison, with the murks ol Spauish let- '
urn upon our limbs, the British Consul (not tho '
American, uoteyou) caused our rolcaso and sent ua !
to a boarding house. On tho liith of October ho gave
us embarked us on tho English steamer Corsica
lor at. Thomas, and upon urrlvlng there wo were trans
shipped to the French steamer which took us to
Klngstou.
1 called upon Mr. Altsmonl do Cordova, the owner
of tho Octavia, to ask compensation for what 1 had
gone through. 1 was informed that he could not onlor
talu any claim for damages, but wanted mo to roccivo
CH4, and sign a receipt for all dues and demands. I
said that 1 had not got a single penny, and that I was
entitled to compensation tor tho long imprisonment I
which I had uiidcrguuo at 1'orto Kico. Ho .
thought not. 1 passed two days in Kings
ton without a morsel ol food. I Intended ?
laying my case before the British government through I
the hands of the British Consul General in thisctiy. j
My companion, Gutierrez, was paid oil by Mr. Cordova j
at die rale ol ?7 a mouth for tho term of six months ,
and some days, us a sailor bcloro the matt; aud l)e !
Solo, who was second cook, received the same rate of
compensation.
From Kingston 1 came to New York, accompanied
by Gutierrez, Solo remaining in Jamaica. S
AMERICAN BEEF FOR EUROPE
Tho Now Jersey Abntiolr Company has mado
arrangements for the transportation ot beef to England
by the White Star Hue of steamers, In addition to the
Cunurd and National lines. The demand lor American
beet in the English markets, which decreased during
the latter part ol October, has revived, and large ship
ments will be made during the winter months. By
this vigorous competition tho prices ol Kuglisu beef in
the homo markets have been greatly reduced.
awaitino tiie gallows.
Mr. Randolph, counsel for John Henry Scbwarab,
the murderer, who is now under sentence of death In
tho Hudson County Jail at Jersey City, waited on
Chancellor Hunyon at bis residuacc iu Newark, ou
Saturday evening, at a late hour, to plead for a com
mutation of tbe sentence. The case will come before
the Court ol Pardons ill Trenton to-day. The Court
comprises thu Governor, Iho Chancellor and the lay
Judges ol the Court ot Errors and Appcala
DISSEMINATING VICE.
George H. Gauller, tbe French leacl.cr who was ar
rested by Anthony Comstock, agent lor the Society lor
tho Suppression of Yloc, on Saturday night, for having
in his possession and exhibiting a number of Indecent
stereoscopic pictures, was yesterday before Justice
Duffy, at the Tombs, who held him In f 5,000 ball for
trial at the General Sessions. Gauller was a teacbor of
French in the Packard College, the Kafayetle Institute,
BrooklvD-.ln the Murray Hill School, and tor a time
waa head of iho Usulier Institute, Brooklyn. Ho
pleaded giulkr.
SUNDAY EVENING LECTURKS.
EDUCATION AND RELIGION'?LECTURE AT COOPEB
INSTITUTE BT TH* YKBT BET, FATIIEB PEES- !
TON, V. O
Notwithstanding tbe extromely nnpropltlons weather '
last even lug Inlou Hall of the Cooper Institute was
crowded to hear the Very Kev. father Preston, V, (>.,
on tbo subject ol "Education and Religion." The j
revtrend gantleman spoke entirely without note*, and |
bin arguments wero principally directed against the
separation of religion and education on account of the j
demoralizing influences caused by spch separation. ;
Tbo speaker of tbo evening was introduced by
Fuiher Kane, of tho Cathedral. Tbo cbsirmau, in tbe ,
opening remarks, spoke ol tbe objects of too Young
Men's Catholic Association of tbo city of New York. ;
Tbey wero to band the young men together in virtuous i
and wnotesoino amusement, and deserved tbo support I
of all true 1'aiboltcs. lu speaking of tbe luture genera- i
tions tbe chairman said that upon the youug men of ;
tbo country, especially the Catholic young men, tie- j
ponded tbe woilara of ibe groat Republic.
Father Preston commenced his address with a com- !
pliinent to tbe Caibolio socloties present. Tbero wero |
two great characteristics ol Catholic literary societies, ?
reverence for religion and iaitb to God. Our religion, !
said tbo speaker, is a power that no Iocs or devils can I
overthrow. (Applause.) Religion and education :
should over go bund lu band and never bo separated.
Attempts are now being made 10 separate these,
and should tber succeed tbe speaker predicted
tbe eltfeci us disastrous to the nntlou. Koligiou Is too
Merciso those virtues by which man udorca.and
serves God, tbe brigb est, dourest, noblest lacullles of
too human soul Tbe Chris'inn religion ts tbo only re
ligion that deserves tbe name, lounded upon tlie rovotn
tion of the Redeemer, the religion that hows down be
fore Him.
Education is drawing out and developing the natural
faculties ol man ; It best prepares bint tor the end that
God has intended lor In in.
Iteuson teaches that the soul Is immortal; that is
the natural deduction of reason. How sball ibo moral
lacuittos be full without God and tbe beams that cotne
from ilnn. Tbo truths given us by God are tbo lood
for the lacultics, His revelations, His lore and kind
ness. Reason tells us our highest end Is to
know God, and It is irrational, therefore, to j
attempt to instruct mau that tuts is uoi so. I
?The tool hath said in bts heart, there is uo God." I
Said tho speaker. It 19 ibis growing scepticism that !
Is the brst reason lor the separation of education and 1
religion. There are men who have individual j
religions, tbey put tbem belore everything; I
there are men who waste themselves on tho j
hoofs of horses, His tsils of insects and forget i
the God who gave them breath. (Applause.) |
In all ages up t(> ? ho ptoseni time religion and educa
tion bare been united. Religious guides have been the j
teachers and instructors ol the people. Tbe Cutbollu |
Church has the merit of consistency oven In tbe ,
mouths of ber adversaries. -
Tho speaker at ibis point quoted sovcral lion-catholic
authors and historians as to tho establishment ol !
schools by the Catholic Church.
Other sects, said tho speaker, still contlne paro
chial schools even in this country. I'urttcuiurly i
is this so in Prussia?a country in many ways opposed i
to our holy reilglou. Tho si>cuker thru read from the {
decisions ol tbo Church in lavor of tin two, education -
and religion. Cutbolics, said the speaker, must be- j
Here tlist there ran he no separation of religion and !
education. Tho speaker read a letter from Plus IX.,
ouo written by Martin Luther, and quoted several
American authorities ol ibo present day as power- ;
ful arguments for ibe uoity of me two, j
Amid great upplause tbe revorond speaker quoted from 1
a letter ol Georgo Washington, iu which lie staled Hint
morality could not exist npurt fiom religion. "Would
God." said the speaker, "that we bad moro such men
as George Washington." (Applause.) "Would God
that some of our mugtstraics were Imbued with his
spirit." (Applause. |
Tbe speaker then spoke at length and very elo
quently of the results of tho attempt to estublisb a
purely "secular education," to which the reverend
father was determinedly opposed. In sponking ol tho
evil Influences of secular education tbo lecturer suld 1
tint it was taking tbousauds ol cUildron away Irom tbo
Catholic Church and pinking inlldels of tbem.
There nrc sins, said Father Preston, that cry to God,
and secular education is tho cause oi thcsosins. Na
tions may steal and swindle because they are nations.
Aro there not, said the speaker, hints ot'lraud thrown
very near the highest authority in our land?
(applause)?stains even upon our tribunals of
lusiicc? Wo desire simply to practiso our
religion, and we defy any man to question
our lovo for our country. (Prolengol applause.)
Wo ask only lo practise our religion, and our rellgiou
cannot and wilt not couscut to a separation ol religion
tod oducation. As lar as our children are concerned,
wo must teach ibein with the secular education the
tenets ol our groat religion. We are not opposed to tbe
comtnou schools for our Protestant friends, but for us
we must have schools In which our cbildron shall l>e
taught tho mysteries ot our Church. This is a free
country, and vet we arc told that we must bear our
share of the taxation tor schools, whether we use tbero
or not. There aro but two ways to get over
this difficulty?that is, divide among all
sects the school money and lot denominational
schools exist under proper government supervision.
In relation to the constitutional amendment prevent
ing public funds from passing to any Institutions of a
religious character, the reverend gentleman said that
the amendtnont seemed to be directed toward tho Cath
olic Church, and she did not deserve snrh treatment at
tbo bauds ol her countrymen. The speaker closod with
an eloquent appeal to a I Catholics to be true to tboir
country, Ihcir God aud their religion.
ELEVATING THE MASSES?THE SUBJECT CONSID
ERED BY PBOrESSOB FEUS adleb YESTEB
DAY.
Standard Hall was crowded yesterday morning, as
usual, to listen to tlie weekly lccturo or Professor
Adler. In his treatment ot the above subject be bo
gan as follows:?Who aro tho masses! Whom do wo
dosiro to elevate ? We have an Indistinct notion of a
body of objects moving upon another and distant por
tion of tho world from ourselves. We have a false
conception of these people. Uelwoen tho blgber
classes of society and tbe Blums and drudgos tbere Is
an abundant Iwlt of humanity whoso qnlet and un
eventful lives attract no attention Irotn tho dally
presa Ot these wo apeale to-day; of these we com
prlso tbo masses; of these we expect recoustructlon
and lurther ouligbteninent. Wo are always beset with
great difficulties and opposition when we contemplate
important and radfral changes. Tboro arc a set of
acopttcs who declare against great reform movomonts,
who tell us to act prudootly ourselves and secure our
proportionate abarc of worldly happiness. I.et tho
world take care of its own transformations. I
Such argumonts aro luodamoiiially wrong. It '
Is time we woro rid of tho tyrannical !
opprcssiun of sui ti precepts. We have periornied |
great bud good resolution* In our past history. We
have abolished tbo leu lal omnipotence of tho rich !
over tho pour; wo havo freed the slaves from the dos- '
poiism 01 their fellowcreatures. We can also abolish
the evils of to-day il sterling spirit and indomitable ,
purpose attend our cflorts. How. then, shall the work I
oe commenced I How can the lower classes bo raised !
and enlightened ? It is tho thing of all others most j
imporiiii'.t, and upon whiolt the late 01 society and of i
liberalism lu America depends. Wo must proceed cau- j
tlously and study well tho nature of that body of poo. '
pie. To cut down u who o tree only physical lorce is
neodlul; to lop olf its dead branches, so that It inoy j
gain lu urenttih and hcaltblul condition, it requires !
skilled study, puileuce and discernment. Wo need lo ?
establish u general principle of mural education for 1
our guidance. How to correct faults is no easy qucs- !
Hon.
Tho speaker proceeded to illustrate how much enstor
It was lor it pcr-ou to say pleasant things to his audi- (
enco than to discuss ihoir ladings. Ho said;?Either
you must cajole and tlaitor your bearers^ and Ibeu
tarowell to honor, dignliy and truth, or vou must lie
candid and give olfencc. 1'onduring this difficulty ono
day, I happened to be looking over a copy of Demos
thenes'orations, and i thought that tnat great und
noble mind must surely have lound a way through tbo
objections. Indeed, In hispracttco be ueither praised
indiscriminately nor rebuked merely. But be laid be
lore bis hearers drmly wh iiovcr was really good In
their characters, and thus ho gained their confidence
and attention. Wheu lie spoke ol Common vices and
faults they did not appear us indelible sunns, nut as
blots, which, If rotuoved, still led the surlnco bouuti
?ul. Ho depressed ihetr st-11-cnnscioiisncss, bat he
rsieed their sell-esteem. Thus he bocnmc a great moral
teacher. He bad mastered the Important sccrot that
TO 1HUEVB MKS OOOD IS TO MASK THICK OOOU.
Applying this doctrine ot teaching to children tho
speaker said:?Your children do not lovo you as you
love the in. You fondle and caress them,and pretty
soon tho little diplomatist* discover that you drper.il
upon their caresses. The vaulty ol children is due in
a great measure to the iniquitous praise that Is lavished
upon their personality. Wo should never praise the
person, but the net. Does it scorn to you that the con
sideration of such trilling matters is inconsistent with
the weighty subject in hand? Why, it is these very
trifles that make up the great principles of reform.
Tho lalse idea ol American independence, an evil out
growth of our republican institutions, is i.l
together Ill-becoming to modesty and In
oxpeVloncc. Foolish praise works sufficient
evil, but ill-advised rebuke Is even mora huruitui.
The teacher that men most delight to loilow Is bo who
makes them boiler and nobler because of his own
linth in man. II die building up of to.( esteem is Hie
beginning and end ol all oducnilon, are not tho very
laulls pointed out the ones that most invito this re
sult * Does not that great religion tar to tho Ignorant,
'?You are the elect ol God I" And does not the same
powor send missionaries to other lands to teach and
preach tho accursed doctrine of I ho depravity of man?
And this to the weak and the tempted whom tbey de
sire to lilt U|t You say tho masses are bruial and
cruel. Ilavo not these very teachings kept them sol
You see men loaded dow u with chains, and ask i hem
why they do not walk sa Ircemon. This is surer ab
straction, you say. Well, then, let us sponk ol things
concroto. The enlightenment of the masses, moral
and intellectual, must go togetaer. Our schools are
Insufficient, our accommodations aro not largo enough.
Hut they say that times are dull, that further oxpeuso
cannot be nirorded. I reply that no fnrthcr outlay Is
needed, bin wo should hotter husband our present
means. Is thoro anything of nghi or reason that
those splendid church edIUcee that aro scattered about
our cltv should stood unoccupied sis days in a week?
It sanc'tlljr kjuonjiious wtUt wute! 1 ibmi ob
posing the Church, bnl II is easy to construct churches
so ibey may servo lor !>oih purposes. Who can doubt
that if such * era established they would become radi
ating centres of good Influence ' la their early days
tbo church and synagogue were used for such pur
poses as these. Aht but the churches are slow to
moro. Theu let liberalism take the lead aod gain the
respect and admlratiou ol those who now distrust II.
l.iberullsru has mode slow progress becausu it has aol
seen that fruin that body oi the masses would rise ll(
own grand army. The new era has its new ernngel.
ists. Strong hearts aro needed aud wise incu are
asked for. Thus only will the work grow and prosper.
Thus may the temple ot the tutcre bo raised.
THE 8T0BT 0* A CONVERT?LICTCBX BT B. W.
WHITt'HKB IK THE HALL OB 8T. BXEXABDI
CHURCH.
Last evening, lor tho benefit of the poor of the pap
tub, tbcro was gathered at St. Bernard's church ?
largi aud Inqutrltlvo congregation to listen to lbs
atory of Kev. It. W. Wbltchor, as to how and why ha
cbuoged from Protestantism to Catholicism. When tba
prcl rainarica had been cured for tho orator of tpo
evening was Introduced by Father Hcalr, and In a
straightforward way began bis uarrativc of his expo
rloncea on the road from Protestantism to CatholU
cism. lie said the peculiar tenets of John Calrm
wore tho Urst religious systems with which
he had to grapple. It was In that religion
that ho was horn of tnosi strict, exemplary,
aod, he ciuld truthfully add, pious parents During
all of their lives his parents, Icctlog In duty to him
i hound, instructed him iu alt tbu gloomy horrors oi
! that creed. From his earliest lbiuncy bo was in
structed in all its tenets. He had committed to mora
| ory all the shorter and a great part of tho larger
| catechism before be had arrived at sufficient ago to
! understand the mcaniug of any odo ol the Ave funds
j menial points ol which (but sy.-t.em is composed.
Whether ho was taught the apostolic creed or not h?
i could not rememoer. If ho learned it at all
' It must have been commuted to memory
I as so many lines to ho rc|>ealud ol a Sunday afternoon,
i without any rclcronco to lis nieuuilig or Its value. It
> lormed no part of his religious educat'.ou iu childhood.
! But with the Lord's Prayer u was very different. That
! prayer lm mother taught him belore bo could pro
I nounco tho words ol which it was composed. That,
I ho considered, was tbo grontcst blessing conferred
' upon lus infancy, tor It kept him from sin, or when ha
I did fail in his duty, taught him to correct himself.
| He then entered fully upon a consideration of Fisher's
i catechism, aud developed, so far as his own
I mind was concerned. its cruel ahstruseness.
; Ho then entered upon tho earlier disturb
auccs of his mind, occasioned by the
rcl-gious disputes bo licara. Ho then. In his
, progress toward Catholicism, took the story of Si.
I Patrick aud the snakes in Ireland into carelul consider
ation, and procetk-d 10 make a creed lor himself!
Whilo struggling to form a creed he passed through
nearly all of tne well-known forms, High Church and
how CUurch, Oxford tracts and all, aud came to the
point of enthusiasm which led hint to try to convert ?
papist. He failed, and tno one ho strove to convert
converted him. Parsing then to u consideration of the
various bchels as shown in the theological sominnrles,
he came, finally, to looking for facts, and found that be
must either adopt Catholicity or have no religion. II
w.is theu that a friend showed htm the way to tba
cross and ho a-to put on that yoke which binds the
laitntul in bonds of love. Thankfully he kneit to re
ceive that yoke, anu us he knell 1>? wept; but they
wcro tears of .toy, thai after so much anxiety and so
much lull he buu at last lound bis Saviour and his Cod
iind penco and rest In tho bosom of the ono holy Catho
lic Church.
NKWS IN THE CITY.
Jacob Wee, of No. 354 Broadway, reported to thi
police, last night, thai while riding on a Tntrd arenut
car some thiol stole t..a brousiptn.
Thomas Clark, of No. 601 Cherry streot, quarrelled
with bis wile yesterday, and sbo struck him on the
head with a frying pan, inflicting n severe scalp
wound.
Edward Tynan, aged twenty-eight years, of Brook
lyn, fell overboard at the foot of West Eleventh -street
yesterday, but was saved lrom drowning by Officer
Kuiland una two citizens.
John Sullivan, of Xo. 31 East Seventeenth street,
proprlotor ot a faro honk kept at No. Old Broadway,
waa yesterday bold for trial by Justice Duffy at the
Tumhs Police Court on complaint of Albert Williams,
Who lost $50 at the game.
Tho body ol Anthony Keyscr, ot Astoria, Long
Island, was found in the East Kiver, at tba foot oi
Ninety-eighth street, yesterday morning, much de
composed. Tho deceased was fllty-flve years of age
and had boon missing sinco tne 8th mat.
A light took place yeatorday morning in that portion
of the Eighth ward known as "Alrloa" between Louisa
Wobster aud Annie Robinson, both colored, during
which tho former was struck on tbo head with a bottle
aud Beverly injured. She was sent to the Chambers
Street Hospital, and her assailant wss locked up In the
l'rincc street station house.
BROOKLYN.
Tbcro were 103 vagrants arrested in Brooklyn jeO
torday.
A quantity of clothing wss stolen on Saturday night
last from In front of the store of Mr. Stefflns, No. 631
Fifth uvenue.
The play ot "The Color Gaard" will be repeated s|
the Academy of Music to-ulght lor the benefit ot tLf
soldiers' Home,
The machine shop of P. Cassldy, No. 27 Bridcf
street, was broken into at an early hour yeeterd.{
morning and robbed of $40 worth of property.
John, alias "Hod Moore," residing at No. 4 Franklif
place, was arrested at u late hour on Saturday night,
charged with assaulting a Germ in on Henry street..
Frederick Young, sixty. Bvo years of age, died and*
denty yesterday, at his residence Na 202 Herkimer
street. Coronor Slinins was notified and will hold an
inquest.
The police of the Third precinct arrested twee,
ty-threo vagrants on Saturday night, and yeetefv
day morning they were sentenced to twenty nine dayg
each in KayinondStreet Jail.
James Walsh, ionrteen years of age, of Na 60 Prince
street, was arrested on Saturday night last, charged
Willi stealing a quantity of lumber from Jonu Guil
toyic's new outldiug in Tillary street, near Gold.
Thomas U'Nell, tbtrty-lonr years of ago, residing at
No. 156 Ilutlcr street, while watching thonew buildings
on Second street, near Smith, yesterday endeavored to
drive some boys from the premises, and fell from the
third story to the cellar, breaking his leg in two places.
The injured man was ronuved to the Long lslaud Col
lege Hospital.
John Ik Natl, twenty-eight years o( age, and James
Pevoy, twonty-tbrce years of ace, hired a horse sod
wagon yesterday irom F. Cocheu, residing on tbo cor
ner of Navy street and Park avenue. They bad driven
but s short time when ihcy upset (ho wagon and
smashed It into pieces. They were arrested on the
charge of intoxication.
A quantity of meat and poultry was stolen Irom the
butcher shop ot G. W. Balzel, No. 517 Atlantic avenue,
alau early hour yesterday morning. Mary Ann Bren
nen, residing in the same building, was arrested on the
ciiargo ot committing the thelt, and darah Ann Lynch,
of No. 511 Atlantic aveuuo, was arrested on the
charge ot recoivlDg tbo stolen goods. The moat wag
recovered,
NEW JEliSEY.
The ship canal project in Jereoy City le to bo r*.
rived at the next session of tho Legislature. The lor
tner bill which noerly passed has been greetly modi
fied.
The Centennial tlmo table on the Ponnsylrania Rail
road between Jersey City aud Philadelphia has been
altered. Tne now tlmo table will go Into operation to
day.
Iter. Father Klllecn, pastor ot 8L Mary's church,
Bergen Point, is about to commence tbe erection ef ?
new churth to moet the wants of the rapidly increas
ing Catholic population.
The Board of Finance of Jersey City has been in
lor mod by the Corporation Counsel that it has the right
to reduce the salary of the presont City Collector, who
has hitherto received $4,OOU
Accord!) g to the reports of the Jersey City physl
cinus diphtheria has not increased during tbo week,
while smallpox Is on the decline, liotn diseases are
less prevalent than in the corresponding period of last
yoar.
The Biyonue Hotel war has noon suddenly termi
nated. Tho presence ot a posse of deputy aberfflh has
created a wholesome cil'ect. There was no attempt at
an outbreak yesterday. Mrs. Miller, the landlady ef
the hotel, lias secured tho aid ol counsel, who will
bring tbo matter botore the next Grand Jury.
Tbe new tunnel of tho Delaware, Lackawanna end
Western Kstlroad, under Bergen Hill, will not be
opened for traffic till alter the end of two month*. *a
250 feet ot additional brick arching bos boon ordered.
Hie grade ot the strecte under the bridges lu Uobokea
it being lowered, as the bridges were too low for traffic.
The report that the New Jereey Central Railroad
Company intends to close the workshop* at Hampton
Junction and to hnvo all tbo work done at Jereey
City and Easton has created great despondency among
the operatives :u tho lormor place. Colouot Moore,
tbo superintendent ol the railroad, will, however, give
positions at Jersey City and Eaaton to deserving mo
! cb imcs who may tic suflercrs troiu the change.
| Another railroad war on a small scale la le proyreea;
; The Hudson branch ol lb* Midland Railroad is crossed
| by tho now line ol Delawsre, Lackawauna and Western
at a height of about three leet above grnde. The Mld
I land Company hits obtained an Injunction restraining
the Pol*ware, l.sckwinnu and Western Company trout
i raisiug tho grinlo ot tho other lino, so as to intersect
on a level. The argument will ho hoard next Sator
I da*.