The sun. [volume], March 03, 1918, Section 3, Page 4, Image 32

About The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1916-1920

Image provided by: The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundation

                
THE SUN, SUNDAY, MARCH 3, 191S.
The Story of l)c
1833 to 1918
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1 i 111 WHWi II WM iWaaTaaaM IP H I I I I II
3 sgHiK nmw
I III I I I Ml II III III MIH I I I II II HUM I II I I II II
MM
How Richard Adams Locke, Young
Ben Day's First Reporter, Fooled
the Whole World and Set It
Talking Over His Famous Moon
Hoax Back in 1835 -The Most
Extraordinary Newspaper Joke
Ever Played, the Way It Was
Done and the Man Who Did It
A Wonderful Fairy Tale of tha
Lunar Regions and Lunar Folks
mi
ii ma i iM-yi ii 1 1
THE
SUN.
KM DAILY, ir HENJ. II. DAY,
dfwr tf JVateee i Bpnct rtreeU
untltil cur nn,
TIBS! Or U)T1TIU.
pear, JUNI I ee,eare wee,
VIL. IN ee. ",
lata. 4(0 1 . !,
lanaia. 1 00 1 4. 1 Our.
art. (IV) faereM er I ml aiae MM
NHI bM he KUtbf IM ADVANCK.
I It
I ou
90
h All
RICHARD ADAMS LOCKE. WHO WROTE WE
y NOON HOAX YARN, Frvm. an. engraving in iA
possession oFAtf granddeuafiter, MRS F. WINTHROP
'WHITE oF XeweightorirSI-
EDITORIAL NOTE This is the second of a scries of articles nar
fating the history of THE SUN, nml tflvinu a vital, intimuto view of
Uw York life during more than eight;.- eventful years. The first nrticle,
E tinted last Sunday, told of the founding of THE SUN by Benjamin H.
ay in September, 1833, of its rapid rise to success, and of the stirring
lay when Horace Greeley, William Cullen Bryant and James Watson
Webb were among the active journalists of New York.
Br FRANK M. O'BRIEN.
The young man whom Day met at I
Ihernurdcr trial in White Plains was
hlchard Adams' Locke, a reporter who
Ra. destined to kick up more dust
than perhaps any other man of hla
profession. As he comes on the stage
conulslon, luminosity, uompletener
each quality In IU proper place. He has
that method no ccnerally characteristic
of ortu proper. Kvprythlnu ho write
l a model In Its peculiar way. Eervirig'l
just the purpose 'Intended and nothlnj
to spare.
Tub Sun's new writer was a collat
ed juusi let nis preaecossor, ueorRO j oral descendant of John Ivooke. tlio
W. Wisner. pass into tho wings. nnKlisli philosopher of the seventeenth
Wlsner was a Rood man as a re- i century. HIh contemporaries (Includ
ing i-ooi who mentinneu ins uirtli-
Krter, as n writer of editorial articles
indas part owner of tho paper. His
lasjfpalgn for abolition Irritated Mr.
Day at first, but the young man's
kiotlves were so pure and his articles
to -logical that Day recognized the
lustlce of tho cause, even as he real
bed the foolish methods employed by
tome of the Abolitionists. Wisner set
I he. face of The Sun against slavery,
and Day kept it so, but there were
minor matters of policy upon which
the partners never agreed, never could
agree.
Dr Bnja Oat Wlntr.
"When Wiener's health became poor,
In, the summer of 183.", he expressed
a desire to set nway from Xcw York.
Mr: Day paid him $5,000 for his inter
est in the paper a large sum in those
flays, considering tho fact that Wis
tier, had won his share with no capital
except his pen. Wisner went west
anfl settled at I'ontlac, Mich. There
hla health improved, his fortune In
creased, and he was at one time a
member of the Michigan Legislature.
When Day found that Locke was
the -best reporter attending the trial
of Matthias the Prophet he hired him
to writo a scries of articles on tho re
llftlous faker. Those, the first "feature
stories" that ever appeared In Tiik
Bun, were printed on the front rn?e.
Plaeo wrote It down New York. He
was of English Uirth, however, and
Voe and tho rest told a kind lio In
order that Locke might not bo barred
from certain Xcw York clubs where a
prejudice against Englishmen lingered.
He" i In 1800, ho was educated by his
moi ier and by private tutors until he
was 19, when he entered Cambridge.
While still a student he contributed to
the Bee, the Imperial Magaxine and
other English publications. When he
left Cambridge he had the hardihood
to start tho London cp6Hoon, the
tltlo of which describes Its purpose.
This was a failure, for London de
clined to warm to the theories of
American democracy, no matter how
scholarly their expression
CLOCK STUKS.N.MST,S".Tk.
-lujam srtaar, it nntur'ru
libit MiUhkaut. mM laiainn u-
I MUX, tkt t W MWUlUf M Ut M !
g n . van, nran. niian,
7 ,l Lax mImU, ui Oatafta I a tOWOW
im immu H iwn. Mr. S. 101
. MMku, in, nil It .kmill. n Urmi U
I iMkkm (Mtor, mi iii M u4t M xkt tmrj,
lOpnal M rrwcoiUMW. v i r
Arntsiioii!:-CAU.ASu ret tuiui
b.iifl 4 otlra rur (ATIM AEAVsa
HATS. TwiyoronT'1"! of too on towk un
vnctni U Uo wrkmui MM Ml IM MM
u4 MMflmil wmmm on MrUo I' tMlr
itff, Ttotf uim u mmoiM pmoiuimi, i-
MtotWii.uOlMiMHlMU. TMrortttoktkt,
CWI u4 try, ui f M M mot!m4 imi Marjr U
r.
Ml; ktif mL
. IKlLUL IU DttklM KM.
mtmp or r.HMff, IM.
41MIK UUUUTaiNU UKr. Oil
ft Par Md lull lam Hut, ol,uti taffo
HMfUHII of Pmb Lot Urn. aim, ft HI m4
tir-utklft, Oru SalU aonr C for Mr. TmW
MIllftnMrHu. bxotoi J. U. MONiaaUa.
tM loiniai wo Mlo hm mimi. cmmiiw
Imbo. ifO-io
"Av gViiay MAN- uiThAtrr A.uuni ui
MMUftl MAT ON Ml; TWO DOLLAU AND A
HMfrOCI A llrlllUM tomtrr. tt U
m MMM nlauilil t OMlnliii HH, c Ua nlml
nMri0llmtU ft kali. Tom 1Ui. I hi
mWf NUUtU ftMlllir iMkfttt, MMWMt4 lkftM4M
Mnknlinf w in uutlki f kwrMia wfta Mt lo aar
ftMkuala;a,ntftMllaam(karaiaft. ar.
Mftkarlftf Mala aU 4o U M U 4 kakaltMB.
llaary.
& mmvvii co.Aunt raJCtHii oro
Vlli arapriatot, fcatlaf apalia4 Ualr alHalMa fca
auMftjeunao MATS Of OKI QUALITY ONLY,
ftav aftW la Ua paktia m arUala aiiiinUl IM raajaWM
aaatoaa mt Ua ftwra aaulf klklaaaa. aaratUuj m4
Mra, al im rWuca4 fviM af taui Doixam! aaaaa.
aaatl; ikair aalaa m M far caaft, vkkk anil pnalaoa
Va oaaaaailr af ckarnf laa (aaA cajlaaiarilaaaa la
aaiaA k lAa kad. Taa ftAtMlafaa af Ikaar laapraaW
aaaaaoj or trlVal naat ka akylaa la alt. laiaf
QMiiaaaCftftHIMM Mrftrtlaa la ikla knaak Wimo
Malaaaa, uar anal aMaaaatiara aaa rwmm - aiaun
BoeiMvi.Tal1kaaMvara4aaa0M00iaAprlaa. . . .
Tm awIM araliimA u aiaauMltalr kau fA M
TMpaMMarai!
aftkaar anu,u
aoWM
ITICkataaji alraai.caraaraf Mao.
CT Wiilmli aaalara mboIm witk ftaak otaak al
WKALTII Cf ANU KL'IIS
JOII.1 0. rHILUr A CO , rartlari a4 Cap Mu.
--'- .J,! .jil li l laala
tcu.Noav is
AJ J
NpW VORK, TUESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 25, 168&
Paica On Cawr,
OREAT ASTRONOMICAL UI3COVKKILS,
I.4T1LT HIDC
T MR JOHN HCasCHSL, LLl). r.KJI.Aa.
Al tho Cay OaMl Hare.
Craaa applaaiaMulka.nialHiffk Waal of Sclaara.
1ft Ihla oairiual oJdirioo lo oar Journil, wo hart
IM bopplnaMofmakinx koioo 10 ih Briii.h ut.
Ikk, Md iuom lo Iho whole ci.iln ti world, ratol
dlacottrka In Aalrcooaij which will bjilj ao ln,p.
riobablo onumoQI to tko tit in which wa livr, aod
coo tic ooel Ibo praoaoloaeraln of tho human rata
Cod dialiocllaa lbrovh all fjtura lima. Ii hai
ft pMlmlt OkM Ikftl too atara ol htaran ora
Im horodikinr rraralk of ejaa ao ibo iaiallariual a.
rrralra of tha BBlaut troftiioii. Ho mar dow Mo!
im ZoJioek amaal Ma witk a loAior tooacioumooo
kio oarotfti lupraiaer.
Il la Impaaiala to CMtaaplala aar frl Aalmo
kkl daacom wlibool faaUnn clooolj o.IIm4 ro a
aoailoaof two. ax! aoarir a kla la ikaM hh wLiak
atoaanaa aplrlt my bo aqppoaaal u diatorar Iko
oakMWft rraiilMO of l faloro aaaia. Boo ad 6r Unt
imoackblo loan or aatiiro la IM flaw aa whkk wo
lira: troafurra. cloa ohtl on la laklta aiouoo:'
It koom liko ftcqoiriof a laorfol uponauaral poarrr
atkon uj of Ika raawio oad MyalaiioM araiko of ibo
Crofttar jrloll triboia lo oar corloolir, ' Il oMmo al
bimi a aroaasjplaoaft aoarpoiioa of pnvora daniad
ua bf iko dinaa will, oraoo naaa, la Um pndo ad coa
Ureco of kit akill, ttapa hrth In karawd Iko app.
rantlr aalonl koftftdarj of Ma ollono, ftftd do
amaodi Iko oocrau ftftd fcaiiUar WovoJRa af ot&ar
ororldo. Wa ara aooorad I &U oikoa m laftaartaj
pkiloaopbor la wkoai aaukiaal to Iftdatxad lor laa
ttnlliar woadart aaa trot bmAo kaaara, bod al laai ik
adjuoajj kio Mar aaa) otupoadoM appantaa arttk a
oanaiory of ouooooa, ha aotaoaal paaaod amral
krait babro ko aonuoaeod kio aaoomilMB, that ka
l(kl prapor kio oara ralad far aUooororiao arbioh ha
kMot would ( ibo caioda af arriaja of kio Mlov
awo with aatoolfthaMat, aad oMoro bio mm brifhl
if not iruacoaJaai oocgoaciioa arrtk ikal af kai aaaa.
roblo Mlkor, la all poaarrilr. And wall mifkl ko
paaaai From tka hour iko tral buaaaa pair apoaoj
tMir a;aa to Ibo lonaa of ibo blvo ImarMat aburo
Ikaro. Ibrro bll mob bo acaraaloB la human kftowl.
odfto ot all conipartblo la lubliaia iBtoroil In Ibal
wnaca n oaa pawn law uooaroo a(vni la aoppirioi,
and wo ara ugbi to balioao Ibal, wbta a work, al.
rood prapariftf for Ibo praaa, la which bio diacoto
riM ara ambodwd la drlaiL tball bo laid baloro iko
pubtick, tbajr will bo fouad af tooaaaporablo import
oaco lo him of ibo graodoat oiorauou of cirilitod
Itfa. WallBUfhthopauM. Ho wm about to bacaajo
tbc Mlo daooaitorv of woodroua aaerala wbxh bad
baa a kid from IbaarMof ail rMolkalbftdlirodaiaco
Ibo birth of lima. Ho waa about to crowa kiasoalf
with a diadrra orkoowlotlro which would nra him ft
coftoetoua prr-rmiaanca aboTO orory lodiridiial of
nia apociM wBoioao iiaio, or woo aao iivou 10 lao
eaoraiioM Ibal aa paaotd ftwa. Ho paootd ore
broko iho OMlof iba ctakai vtueb OMtaJood It.
To roodor our uibuiiaoia ran llnibla. wo mil
aula al aaca ibal bj raraaa of a toloatopo, of rut
dirMaoioai aod aa oetiroly oaw priaciplo, tho oonf
or Harecbal, al bia oboamiorria ibo Boutharn 11a
miapbtrr, kao alroad?-made tho DMat oatraordiaary
diaemriM in orrrjf ptaoatof our Mlar ;; kao
dkKtrorod nlaMloia albar oolar araraaia: haaob-
liiaai a diiiiaci aitw of oojattt la ibo raooa, full
' n""-ki-A ...i ,
Itt furibar diaoorrilaa ia our aotar orattro, 8arorml
veara, howerrr, prior lo tba daath of tbia roMrablo
attrooomer, ba concrlred il practicablo loooaalruel
on Iniprovad mimo of parabolio oad apbtrieat roflac.
lora w hich, br uniting all ilia moriiuriouo poiau ia Ibo
the (irrfonan and awtoniao inairunoata, wiib Ibo
hifhtr htarratiof acbromalick diKorrr of Dotlftnd,
would, to a craai daf rao, reinoro Ibo forvtidaklo ob
atrociioo. Hla plau orlocrd tho moal prufouad ro
aoarch in optical aeioiK4,aad tka ami daitarooo
inronultr in mtcbankal caoirirancot bot accuaa
laurn intraiiKa, aod araniuallr daalb, preaaaiad iu
oiparimanial opplkatloa. Hii aaa, tka praoaat Sir
Joha lltraehol, who kad tMoa aurood aaJ rrodlad ia
tbt oaomalor, and a practical aatroaaawr fioaa kit
bokood, wat m foil eoajtayrta) of lao ralua af iko
Iheora, ikal ho doiorBiaad opoa itatiaf II at wbai
otrrcoai. U iikio two aaara of kio talWa drtlk,
ko conplttod liio m apparaiaa aad adapiad il la
tka old nkjaeapa wilk aaarl' partrcl'iucoao. Ha
foaad Ikal tha nafaif;iaf aaawaf aMliaMa,wkoa
appliad u ibo raooa, which waa iko ononot cruartoa
that could ka aalactod, pradocod, aadrr ikM Mt
rtlKion, a focal abjrci af oiqtlaito diatiaclMta,
fre fron a racy Kkronolkk obaeant,aad coaulaiaf
Iko klbrai dofTM al liakl wliicb lao (root apwculaa
could eolloci Iroa ikal luaiaarj.
Too colarrocMil af Iko aorta af Waa vkkk ra
thoiacqoirod,kaawriaiaodka oVidtof Ibomooo't
diatoaco froa ibo abaorvatar, by Iko iaafaif;iag
Sewn of IM) laoiratoaal aad tba foruwr baa'
M.OOO mUoa, ad lao lattor COM tamoa,laafo a o,
ikat of 40 aata, u iba apetrut daiitaeo af thai
tloMI froaj ike tj of iko obarror. Now il to woll
nowa that aa lorraatial objocu eta ko aaaa al a
f noitr dkwtoca rkaa Ibia, with tka sakad ara, aaaa
from tka aieot krorakla alorauaaa. Tka romadiijr
af Iho eank pratonit a mora dial ant view lhaa tbia
with ike racer ecaie Baiural Tiaioa, aad froa ibe
bihal eenlaeeew ; tal, (aamll, abjocu, eaaa at
ua atHinca, mim maiHaaiTM oaarawu am aaouoinja-
or, thai ibia
proooaltd Im
Ilia
aaa ndrea.
(artvrailM MlaMooick tia w ef tha
ebjeela with oqoal dlotiaciaoaa, Ibaatk il did ia eoaa!
aaaa 10 inoao vt iota mto m noaoaaij ftcftuoaao.
The alder Harecbal bad MToriheltaa doaanejOtrafrd
ibal with a do war of 1000 itmM he Muld diocora ob-
jocta ia Ibia aalalkto of aoi mora Ikta 123 yards ia
oiaaoojr. ii inert wre im ion eapakiiiiy mimb
tmioooi hid kaaa olieiied ky tka arw apparaittt of
rotectarl eoaalructrd br hie Ma. it would fellow la
motbomaiKol ratio thai oepcta oould be diKoraod of
eot nora than !Q yanla ia ditaewr. Yat ia either
com iboy would be aaea aa aara Roblo, ftbapeleaft
poiala, with no fmltr coaapkBiiy ihta iboy woo Id
eahibil opoa earth ia iko aaaidad eye al tha diattaee
of forty etiiee. Hot altkoak the rataadity af the
earth praaa ol ad M obyKiioa lo a riaw of imm aa
irooomuel obiacia. wo bolkro Sir John Hereekol
aartr ioalatrd that ba had carried out tboae aura ma
poarera or Iho teieecope ia m fell a ratio. The del.
ckoey of light, though greatly aajoaaaraiaod aad coo
coetrairo, aim meiaiaioea aeeat urerw proporuoa lo
Ibo mogcituda of the focal iaate. Tka ftdraaee ko
kad made ia ibo koowladre of Ikla plaatt, ihougb
tnegaiticaBt aod tnblime, waa thua but partial aad
UBaewlftclurr. Ho waa. Il to true, rubied to coa-
firm tome daKovorke of foraier tbetiitial tad la
cMrute tboae of otkara, Tka oiiateaea of toIcojmb
diocottrod ky bk father aad by Bcbroaar of Borlia,
yilT HPQ'Maaa.'Iw laiior lo ine Twice.
wM require aa uhraiil-roed ipaodaf tAy akitoa
an hour, tor nearly the lire-loaf year, to eon re kha
fcorekle iatprciioa of ika genre Itaviury of
VJ. . l"'"Miwg quMiioa, hewarer, w briber
Ibu light of Hie aotrao l-aal, af Ike Muleeedoerrt,
oad ofiha drrp blue octea ea k rolUj wbeikar Ika
okjrri of-1-, lonrly turret, of the uplifted eye aa
l?,i!,"M u'" ""i f ll ' Pilgriaa
of loe and ht) r, cf aiarry aad deapeir, ibal hare
' V? 11"! ,M 'ra of '" "wriltao bialery lo tkoM
or Irtprreranoluinioouarrcordi the eiritioc nuee
Hea wheiker Ibie - obee rf'.n ,. aane aV aora,
t?t?Jj't.V.f tboaaoCEcinbarfk, btlii
kebited by briar, like ountlrae, of coaicitutMM
ted cenee.tr, ait niMMllaalM.k,7
ui!?Z5 "t2tr.-f ibe aetere iradiitoa met
It tottMaMdaaly byibe boary oollulre whoa lk
erin-ual node of tka aartery kad kaaauM takaar fa
collecting futl ea the tahkaik day. m
Tha lietiu af dieaonry la tha planetary kodie
aadiathUcM aepetklly.ikua aMWrXtaaV
tably Sjrdj and aa etpeelitiaa waa alernad M
period of Mrtrel yean. But, about ikreeVeero ara,
' the eoarea of a eoBrcroatlaael dkcutaioa with Air
Daiid Brawetrr upoa Ibo naailia of eome togealoue
tuglooitoM by ibe latter. In kk article aa eptka ia
ibe Edlakurgk i Eacyclopedk. (p. e4l far iaprore
Bvjitinibe Ntwtoaita RrAoclora, Sir Joke liar
Mhrl adrtrird lo ike coaraokal eiaplkilr af ika old,
aalrowoaical Mleecopre lhal were wilkoul tubee
aad Ike aajrei rlaaa of which, placed a poo a high
pole, threw iu focal image to a dietaace of IMLaad
aran 300 tool. Dr. Brewticr readily admitted ikal a
lube wm not aeraesary, prorided the focal Imara
were (eaTeyed lata a dark apartoMat, aad there prew.
erly rrctitod by redeciore. air Joha lata Mid Ikal,
if hit felbrr't greet teieecope, ibe tuba aleae of
whkb.ibourblojaed af Ike ligbMel Miuble aaltri
""'IV000 Jb. poaaaaaed aa May aad needy
awbiliir with ita hetry obamiory attached, en ob
eemtery awnable wiihtial ike iacuarbraoca cf" Berk
a tube m obtwualy practicable. Thie alao waa ad
mined, aad ibe couerraitoa bectae directed to Ikal
eil-mriBcible eaamy, the paucity of i(ht ia pow.
eiful BiagntSara. After a bwrnormaieeileaiibourbt.
Sir Joba difidraily acquired wbetker II would Ml be
poaeible lo tSVcl a trwaeAafieai tf awtuMaf lirU
lamgk tkaWaf etyrrt eoatiaa Sir Oat ieeoMa1iat
aianladal ihaofirioalily of iba idea,pauaed awhile.
n, uwa m-rreo to ine rtiraagwutiy
raye, end tba aagla cfloc idaoce. 8ir Johe, grewe bx
conadtBI adduced Ibo eaeanla nf tb lLaartHaj
;fc--""i,n u"ii ine rairaerinniy WMrerreclad
by Iho eecood apecnluD, end ine enrte af tocideend
reetored bribe third. -And," coaluaed kc.-wkT
cannot the illuminated mkroecope. My tka hroao
oiyges, bo applard te taader dial imi, oad if arceeea
ry, area lo majrnlfy the focal cfijecir Sir Oatid
apruag froa hie chair ia aa eitacy of conrkrioCLud
leeptog half way to the ceiling, elclalmed "Thou art
the Aim I Eack pbiliieepbtr eatkipatrd ike acker
lo preernung ibe prompt illuatraiioB lhal if the rare
of ibe hydro otygea mkrooeepa paewd Ibreexh
a drop of water ceettioing ika larrw of a raatv aad
ether objecu inrkible lo Iho Mkrd ayrcrred Ibea
aol oaly kwoly duHinci, but firmly aiegeiaed to di
auaaioM of aieay (art j ao could tka Mae artitciel
ligkl, peeeed ihrough the feiatMt focal objeci of altl
eacope,boib diatiuciify, (10 coin a mw word fcraa
" 1 ' --' ii-t nini'r, r in-- -
-of
aara
S-ii-cVS SSSJ.
from 3Ae S'un of
October f6. 03S.
i a choice bit of lunak scenery.
1 the landscape md people of 7
j100n,as exhibited a tha nningfons"
dioramas, city saloon, opposite st.pauls
church, six weeks after 7he publication
of locke's hoax- admittance so cents
children half price.
THE SUN IN WHICH
WAS PRINTED.
THE FIRST INSTALLMENT OF THE
MOON HOAX
J2
armed truoe. As Locke and his tol- I tlnctlon ihroush J1 future time. It lias
low Journalists gathered at the Amer- ! txxm pootlcxlly saJd that the ntars of
lean Hotel bar for their after dinner , hevn are the hereditary regalia of man
brandy it Is probable that there was ' ",th'J')'?"ectui' sovereln of
nnf hlnre nn aw.aeea.aaa t,. . . . 1 1 a nut '-w vuuil! l 111 el J in, r
'" B""1 "n zodiac arourwl him Hth
cently arrived at the American Mu
seum, to excite a good argument.
Prrparlna the Way for Ihe Hons.
Locko needed money, for his salary
now fold the
a loftier con-
I tvlousness of hla mental supremacy.
After solemnly dwelling on the awe
which mortal man must feel upon
mlb-H!on to indulco his friendship In com
municating this Invaluable Information
to us. Dr. Grant and ourrelves are in
debted to the magnanimity of Dr. Her
schol, who, far above all mercenary con
siderations, has thus signally honored
and rewarded hla fellow laborer In the
field of science.
Hegrardlnir tho Illustrations which, 1
Of SI2 n TTAAlr rmilil III Dim.1.,1
Abandonlm? the JlpubHcan, young nM BentiPrn.in thnt ho wa hp lal(,
Locke devoted himself to literature and
science. He ran a periodical called tho
Cornucopia for about fix months, but
It was not a llnnnc'al huccci-k, and in
1830 he came to New York. Col. Webb
saw hla merits and put him at work
on his paper.
Locke, could write almost anything,
In Cambridge and In Fleet street he
had picked up a wonderful store of
general Information. Hn could turn
out prose or poetry, politics or pathos,
anecdotes or astronomy.
Hon- I.ocke fiut Ilia Idea.
A few weeks later, -while thn Mat
thlas arlicles were sttl! being sold on , While he lived In London Locke was
the' streets In. pamphlet form. Locke I a regular rentier ot tho Kdlnburgh
went to Dnv anil told him thnt bin 1 AVnt Philononhical Journal nnd he
noM, Col. Webb of the Courier ami En
quirer, had discharged him for work
Ins' for The Hun "on the side." Wis
nar was about to leavo the paper and
Day was glad to hire Locke, for he
tteVded a good editorial writer. Twelvo
dollars a week wan the alluring wage,
and Locke accepted it.
The Author af the Moon Hons.
Locke was then 35 ten years senior
toMiIs employer. Let his contempo
rary Edgar Allan lHio describe him:
Ife Is about five feet -even Inches In
height, symmetrically formed : there Ij
rtv-alr of distinction about hln whole
person the "air noble" of trenlus. His
favtfrj is strongly pitted by the niuallpox,
rid perhaps from the same cause, there
it a marked obliquity In the cyi ; a cer
tain calm, clear, lumtnousnest, liowovcr,
nbdut these latter amply compensates for
the defect, and the forehead Is truly
beautiful In Its Intellectuality. I am ac
quainted with no person possosalng co
One a forehead as Sir, Locke,
Locke was nine years nldor than Poe,
who at thin time had most of his fame
ahead of him. Too was quick to recn,;
nlze tho quality of Locke's writings:
indeed, tho poet mw, perhaps more
clearly than othern of thut period, that
America was full of good writers, a
fact of which Iho general public; was
neglectful. This waa Foe's tribute to
Xiocke'n literary gift:
. Ills prose style Js noticeable for its
brought- some copies of It to Amer
ica. One ot these, nn issue of 182C,
contained an nrtlclo by Dr. Thomas
Dick of Dundeo, n pious man but In
clined to speculate on the possibilities
of tho universe. In this nrtlclo Dr.
Dick suggested tho feasibility of com
municating with tho moon by means
of great stone symbols on tho face of
tho earth. Tho people of tho moon
If thero wcro any would fathom tho
diagrams nnd reply in a similar way,
Dr. Dick explained afterward that he
wrote this piece with tho Idea of sat
irizing a certain coterlo of cccontrlo
(iurman astronomers.
Vow It happened that Sir John
Frederick William Hersunol, the grcat
fht astronomer of his tlmo und the
son of tho celebrated astronomer Blr
William llcrschel, went to South Af
rica In January, 1834, and established
an observatory nt Keldhausen, near
Capo Town, with the intention of com
pleting Tils survey of the sidereal
heavens by examining the southern
skies as ho had swept the northern,
thus to make tho first telescopic sur
vey of the wholo surface of the visi
ble heavens.
Locke knew iilxnit Sir John and Ills
mission. Tho Sfatthlas enso had blown
over, the big nro in Fulton street
was almost forgotten and things were
a bit dull on the Island of Manhattan.
The new8papeni were- la a state of
a plan before Mr. Day. It win a plot
as woll ns a plan, nnd tho first sly
angle of tho plot appeared on tho
second pago of The Sun on August 21,
1835:
"Celestial Discoveries. Tho Edin
burgh Coiirnnt says: 'Wo have Just
learnt from nn eminent publisher In
this city that Rlr John Herschel, at
the Capo of flood Hope, his mado
pomo astronomical discoveries of the
most wonderful description by means
of an immense telescopo of nn en
tirely new principle.' "
Nothing further appeared until
Tuesduy. August L'.", when thTn col
umns of Tun Run's first pago took tho
newspaper nnd scientific wnrlds by the
ears. Thnro were not tho days of big
type, tub Sun's heading read:
OKBAT Afi'fRONOXnCAL DlfiOOV
EltlEH. I.ATKLT MADE
T Sin JOHIf IIERSCHIL, LL.I)., F.,B, aC.
peering Into the secrets of thn skv. the accurdlnir to the imollrntions nf thn
article declared that Plr John "paused test, accompanied the supplement, tho!
writer way specific. Most of them, ho
htnted, were copies of "drawings taken '
In the observatory by Herbort Home,
Kn., who accompanied thn last pow
erful HcrlcH of reflectors from London ,
to tho Cape. Tho engrnvlng of the
belts of Jupiter Is a reduced copy of
nn Imperial folio drawing by Dr. Hor
schel himself. The segment of the
Inner ring of Saturn is from a large
drawing by Dr. Grant."
several hours before he commenced
his observations, that ho might pre
pare his own mind for discoveries
which he knew would fill the minds
of myriads of his fellow men with
astonishment." It continued:
And well might ho pau.-wI From the
hour tho first human pair opened their
eyes to tho glories of the bluo firmament
above them, there has been no accession
to human knowledge at ell comparable
In nubllme Interest to that which he has
been the honored attaint In supplying.
ell might ho pause I He was about to j
become tho nolo depository of wondrous .
secrets whlrh had leo.n hid from the ojoi I
of ail men that had lived ninco tho birth 1
of time. . i
At tho end of a halt column of glo
rification tho writer got down to brass 1
tacks:
To render our enthusiasm intelligible
we will state nt once that by means of a
telescope, of vast dimensions and nn en
tirely new principle, the younger Her
schel, at hli observatory In tho southern
hemisphere, htvs already made the most
extraordinary discoveries In every planet
At the Ouia of mw! 1T P" uur ""ir nyoiem ; nas uiscoverea.
U'8 -ap" of Oaod Il0p- planets In other nolar systems; has ob-
If'rom Supplement lo fi 17ilH6iiroh taln a d"tlnct vlew of objects In the
.owincil of Science moon, luny oquai to mat MWch the un-
I nlileil avn rnmmnmla nf la.rail,Ul hl..ia
It may us well lie said here that nl- at the distance of ouo hundred yards;
inougu mcro nan been an Edinburgh i hs arrirmiirively settled the nuustlon
Journal of Srlcnco, It ceased to exist
several years before 1835. The period
ical to which Dr. Dick of Dundee con
tributed his moon theories was, in a
way, the successor to the Journal of
Science, but it waa called the Jfew
Phttotophlcai Journal The likeness
of names was not great, hut onough
to cause some confusion. It ia also
noteworthy that the sly Locke credited
to a supplement, rather than to the
Journal of Boience itself, the revela
tions which he that day began to pour
before the eyes of Su.v renders. Thus
ho htnrtcd:
In this unusual addition to our Journal
we have the happiness of making known
to Inn HrllWi publlo. nnd thence to tho
whole civilized world, recent discoveries
In astronomy which will build an Imper
tahable monument to the age in wnlch
we live, and confer upon the present
generation of the human race proud dU-
SnmethlnK Xcer In Trleacovr,
A history of Sir William Herschel's
work and a description of his tele
scopes took up a column of The Sun,
and on top of this camo the dutallH
as tho Journal printed them of Kir
John's plans to outdo,, his father by
revolutionary methods und a greater
telescope. Sir John, It appeared, wns
In conferenco with Sir David 13row
ster: After a few minutes silent thought
Sir John diffidently Inquired whether (t
would not bo ponsible to effect a transfu
sion of artificial light through the focal
object of vision. Hlr David, somowhat
startled at the originality of tho Idea,
paused a while, and then hesitatingly
referred to the refmnglblllty of rays and
the angle of Incidence. Sir John, grown
more confident, adduced the example of
Hie Newtonian reflector. In which thn
whetlifir tlila uiitaltltA 1, t..t.nl.lt...i I . a . ... ..
-" , " " ivu, mm rfiiiijinMumy wim corrocuvi II" in aec
uf wiiai uiui-in til iiamtfn; jut re rvrmiy es-
laDiisniHi a now tncory or coniotary phe
story. Where had Tub Stiff got the
Journal of Science supplement? An
editorial article answered that "it was
very politely furnished us by n med
ical gentleman Immediately from Scot
land, In consequence of a paragraph
which appeared on Friday last from
the Kdlnburgh Couraiif." The artlclo
jdcled:
Tho portion which wn publlkh to-day
Is Introductory to ooleKlal discoveries of
higher nnd more universal Interest than
nny. In any ucienco yet known to the
human rnce. Now Indeed It may bo said
that wc live in an age of discovery.
It ennnot !" snld that tho whole
town buzzed with excitement that day.
Perhaps this first Instalment wns a bit
over tho heads of most readers; it was
so technical, so foreign. Hut In Xns-
1 sail and Ann streets, wherever two
newspaper men wore gathered together,
. thero was buzzing enough. What was
j coming next? Why hadn't they
. thought to subscribe to the Edinburgh
1 Journal of Science with its wonderful
t supplement?
As Mr. Day and his now writer. Mr.
Locke, dropped Into Tammany Hall for
their afternoon refreshment, doubtless
onvlous eyes were cast upon them.
Perhaps they drnnk to "a medical gen
tloman Immediately from Scotland."
Second Instalment of thn Hoax.
Nearly four columns of the revela
tions appeared on tho following day
Auguet 20, 1S3B. This tlmo tho reod
Ing public come trooping Into camp,
for Tub Sun'h reprint of the Journal
of Science nupplement got loyond thn
stngo of preliminaries nnd predictions
and began to tell of whnt was to be
seen on the moon. Scientists and
nomenn, and has solved or corrected
nearly every loading problem of mathe
matlcal astronomy.
A Myetery Eaplalneda
And where was the Journal of
Science getting this mine of ustro
nomical revelation for its supplement?
The mystery Is explained at once:
We are indebted to the devoted friend
ship of Dr. Andrew Or.int, the pupil of
the elder, and for overul years past the
Inseparable coadjutor of tho younger
Herschel. Tho ntnunuensli of tho latter
nt the O.ipo of (Irwl Hope, mid the In
defatlgable superintendent of his tolo
scopo during the whole period of its con
structlon nnd operations, Dr. Grant bus
been able to supply ui with intelligence
equal In general Interest at least to that
which Dr. Herschel himself has trans
mitted to the Royal Society, for per-
ond speculum and the nnglo of incidence I newspaper men appreciated tho de
reatored by the third. tailed description of the mammoth
'And," continued he, "why cannot the 1 telescope nnil the work of placing It.
Illuminated microscope, nay the hvdro
oxygen, be applied to render distinct
and, If necessary, oven to magnify, tho
focnl object?"
Sir David sprang from Wa chair in an
ecstasy of conviction, nnd, leaping half
way to tho celling, exclaimed :
"Thou art the man I"
Details of tho casting of a great lens
enmn next. It was twenty-four feet
In diameter nnd weighed nearly 15,000
pounds after it was polished: its esti
mated magnifying power was 42,000
tlmcri. As he Raw It safely utartod on
its way to Africa Sir John "expressed
confidence In hla ultimate ability to
study even the entomqlogy of the
moon, In case she contained insects
upon her surface."
Thusondod the first usUIment of the
but the public, like a child, wanted the
moon and got it. Let us plunge In nt
nhout tho point whero tho public
plunged:
The specimen of lunar vegetation,
however, which they had already seen,
had decided a question of too exciting an
Interest to Indues them to retard Its
exit. It had demonstrated that the
moon has nn ntmosplinro constituted
elmllarly to our own, and capiblo of
sustaining organised and, therefore,
most probably, animal life,
'Tho treeu," says Dr. (Irant, "for n
period of ten minutes were of ono un
varied Kind, and unlike nny 1 Imvo seen
except the largest class of yews In the
English churchyards, which they In
some respects resemble. These were
followed by a level green plain which,
ar measured by the painted circle on our
,h :i-j of fon, nl'io ft't must n,e nuen
i icre thin half a mile -i bicjdth.''
Tho iirti-'lf I i.i tl nxpLiiucd that, bv
tncins of a rp.it reilortor, ihe lunar
views were thrown upon a big canvas
Ecri-cn behind tin- telescope.
Then nppvared ,i line a forest of firs,
unequivocal (Irs, ns I have ever aecn
i-herlf lie.l in tho l.nsom of inv nsttvo
mountains. Wenrled with the long con
tinUHnci of these, ic ijre.illy reduced
the ningn'fylitg power of the microscope
without eci:plng either of the rcHeo
to!, and InimeillMtcly pereeUml tint we
hod l'e:i lnsi;nlbl.v flri.'emlin,?. im it
were, a mountainous district of hlrhlv
diversified and roniant'" chu racier, and
that we tvff on the verge of n lalie, or
Inland wa : but of what relative locality
or extent, we were yet too greatly mag
nified to determine.
On introducing the feeblest achroma
tic lens we possessed, we found that the
water, whose boundary we had Jun dis
covered, nnweri'd in general outline to
the -SI.it c N'uhlcum of Hlccoll. Fairer
shoics never nnsr l coasted nn a tout of
plenviro A he.irh of h:!!llnnt white
sand, Kir1 with !M, castellated rocks,
apparently of grren marM. Varied nt
ehasms. oertirrl'ii: yvriv Iimi or three
hundred feet, with grotesque lil.i-ks of
chalk r gypsum, nnd feathered and fes
tnnnnil at 'lie summits with the cluster
ing foliage of unknown trees, moved
along the bright wall of our apartment
until nn were speechless with admira
tion. I, Iff nn the Moon.
A column further on, In a wonder
ful valley of this wonderful moon, llfo
at last burst upon tho seers:
In the rhade of tho woods on tho
southeastern side we beheld rnnttnuous
herds of brown ipindiupeds, having all
tlto external c!"nr,irtorKtii"i or the bison,
but more diminutive thn ti nny sperlns
of the 1ms eenus itt our natitini his
tory. Its tall was like that of our bos
grunniens, but In semicircular horns,
the hump on Its sliouldeis, the depth of
Its dewl.ip and the lenctli of Its shaggy
hair it closely resembles tho species to
which 1 have compared It,
It had, however, one widely distinc
tive feature, which we afterward found
common to nearly every lunar quad
ruped wo have dlscoverfrt, namely, n
remarkable fleshy appendage over the
eyes, crossing the whole breadth of tho
forehead and united to the ears. We
could most distinctly perceive this hairy
veil, which wns shaped like the urper
front outline of the cap known to tho
Indies ns Mary Queen of Scots cap,
lifted nnd lowered by means of the ears.
It Immediately occurred to tho ncute
mind of Dr. Herschel thnt this was n
providentt'il contrivance lea protect the
eyes of the animal from the great ex
tremes of light and darkness to which
all the Inhabitants nf our side of tho
moon ate periodically subjected.
A Mnmlrr Anlmnl .Seen,
The next nnlmal perceived would be
classed on earth as n monster. It was
of a bluish lead color, about the size of a
goat, with a head and benrd liko him,
and a slnglo horn, slightly Inclined for
ward from the perpendicular. The
femalo was destitute of tho horn and
beard, but had a much longer tail. It
was Brr-stirlous and chiefly n bounded on
the nrclivltous glades of tho woods, lu
elecance of svnimetry It rivalled tho
antelope, and like him It seemed an ngllo,
spritrhtly creature, running with great
speed and (prluglng from the trreen turf
with nil the unaccountable antics of tho
young lamb or kitten
This beautiful creature afforded us the
most exquisite amusement. Tho mimicry
of Its movements upon our white painted
canvas was as faithful and luminous as
that of animals within a few yards of n
camera obrcura when seen pictured upon
Its tympan. frequently when attempt
ing to put our fingers upon Its beard
It would suddenly bound away Into
olillv ion, ns If conscious of our earthly
Impertinence, but then others would ap
pear, whom wo could not prevent nib
bling tho herbage, say or do what wo
would to them.
So nt last the people of earth knew
something concrete nbout tho live
things of tho moon. (louts with beards
wore there, nnd eery N'ew Yorker
knew goats, for they fed upon the
rocky hills ot Harlem. And the moon
had birds too:
On examining the centre of this de
lightful valley wo found n large, branch
ing river, abounding with lovely Islands
and water birds of numerous kinds, A
species of gray pellcun was thn most
numerous, but blnck nnd white cranes,
with unreasonably long logs nnd bill
with !ilw quite common, AW watched
their plriclxonms experiments n long
t'inu In hopes of cntchlnn sight of t
loose fish . hut. although we wi re not
gratified In this respect, we could easily
guess the purpose with which they
plunged their long necks so deeply be
neath the water. Near tho upper ex.
treinlty of one of thr.se Islands we ob
tained n glimpse of a si range amphibious
creature of a snhcrical form, whlrh
lolled with i,rent velocity scroti the
pebbly beach, nnil was lost sight of in
, the strnpg curtent which r-et off f um
this anglu ot the Island
! At this point clouds intervened ar.d
the Herschel party hail to call It a div
nut it had been n big day. and noholy
who read Tun Sun- wondered that the
uFirouomers tor-ed off "congratulatrn
I bumpers of the best 'East India pcr
I tlculnr.' nnd named this place of wor
I drrs the Valley nf the I'nlcorc " So
', ended Tm: Sfv Ktory of August Imi!
, nn editorial paragraph assured the
) patronn of the pnper that on th mor
' row thorn would bo a treat even richer
The lieceiilliin of the Jlonx.
i What did the other papcm .say" hi
the language of n later and less ele
gant period they uto It up soro
j eagerly, some grudgingly, eomo a bli
dubiously, but they atn It either In
' crumbs or in hunks. Tho Pailv Adia
, ftscr declared:
1 N'n article has appeared for years 'I'M
nili command hi general u peitisrtl n4
publication. Mir John lis added a etnr.
of l.iimvledse lo the present nge tb.i' .n
Itiunoi tal.z.' name and piiuv il I K
on tho paao of science
The Mercantile Adrcrtim i l.tiowin.
that Its lofty reader. wcro unllk'b '
seo tho moon nidations In tho low)
Bus, hastened to begin reprinting tlr
articles in toto, with tho remark tha
tho document appeared to have ii
trinsio evidence of authenticity.
Tho 7'mc.i, a dally then only n -en-old.
nnd destined to live only elg'itee
months more later, of course, thetitv
was used by a successful dally :r
(hat everything in Tun Svn stmv wn
.-.robablo nnd plausible, and had ,v
"air ot Intense verisimilitude."
Tho new York Nnnroj .Vrtcj adv;-!.i
the incredulous to be patient:
Our doubts nnd Incredulity niav le a
wrong to tho lenrnod astronomer nn
the circumstances of this wonderful dis
covery may be correct.
The C'oiirfcr nnd Knijulrcr suit! nolli
Ing at nil. Liko tho Journal of Com
meroo, it hnted Tug Sun for a lurki
upstart. Iloth of theso sixpenny re
speetables stood silent, with their arc
bohlnd their backs. Their own reader
the Livingstons and the Stuyvesantf
got not n lino nbout the moon from
the blanket sheets, but they sent dnw
Into the kitchen nnd borrowed Tu
SfN from the domestics, on the shn
low pretext of wishing to disci e.
whether their employees were n ollt'ir
a moral newspaper as Indeed tin
.VCIW.
Thn Jlrtnhl, then about four m n
old, wild not n word about the tn r
etory. In fact, thnt was u. pen 1 t
which It said nothing nt all nU ' ntr
subject, for tho llro of that mmirer
had unfortunately wiped out Its piar
On the vory days when th ino
storlea appeared Mr. Ilennctt s
cracking his knuckles In front -f "
new establishment, the baemmf
202 llroadway, trying to Intrrv t!" trr
who worn Installing a iloui.ln rv rn'
press, ne'n? a wise person h' i '
vertlsed hlri progrrkh in Tur
may have vexed him to koc tho
latlon of Tun .l'n- which he hn
tated in character nnd price c
higher and higher ns he stuoo ' e
ICS.",
A Third llmla-pt of I.tuinr tnrtela.
Tho third Instalment of thi ,.
treasure so obligingly importc M, '
"medical gentleman immediate! f
Scotlund" intiodticed to Sun
new nnd important regions ol
inoon--the Vagabond Min,nti. '
Luke of Death, craters of i-Mit. '
co noes .'.S00 fed high, and twiii. '
url.nu forests il.vltlod by opet. ,
"In which waved un in can of w J
and which wire pivbalny pr.ilr -those
of North America." The i ' 4
wero fcutl&fylng;
Dr. Herschel h.ii ilasa.fltd I
than thlrty-elfiht niwcics of foi i
and nenrly twice this nuinbi.f of , '
found In this ttac.t alono, whl.h '
widely dlfforent to those found 'n i"
equatorial latitudes. Of anlmn'" i"
classified nine species nf mammaha m
flvo of ovlparla. Among thn foi-n,cr
ii email kind of reindeer, the e,.
mooe, tho horned hear and the ! .
hi a i er
The l,u-t resell, blei tho beaver n'
onrth In every otlu-r tespect tnnr
ilrnt It nt ion of a tan and its Itnnil"
hnlitt of wa.k.ng upon nnK two ' '
It carries Itn young In it nrmsv I e
human being, and wulks with nn m'
gliding motion. Jtj huts sm constr."
better and higher tlian tho-e of truKT
(Confltttifrf on rol7oicit rn-