The Cambria freeman. [volume], September 26, 1873, Image 1

About The Cambria freeman. [volume] (Ebensburg, Pa.) 1867-1938

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j jyicf !KE, Editor and Publisher.
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E13ENSBUEG, PA., FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1873.
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June ti J.o73.-liu.
THE BATTLE OF "BRADDOCK'S FIELDS."
The historic account of Gen. Braddock's
desierate battle with the Frenh-Indiau
army at "Braddock's Fields," near Pitts
burgh, are very meagre and unreliable.
A very full and spirited account of this
disastrous struggle we find in the new His
torical novel, "Old Fort Duquesne," just
issued by the reoplea Monthly, of Pitts
burgh. The slight embroidery of fiction
thrown over it does not detract from its
faithfulness to fact. We have only room
for the gist of it :
As Eraddock and his aide Washington
still weak and shattered from his fever,
and unable to sit his horse without a pil
low were standing on the river's bluff,
trying to bring order out of confusion, and
to separate the noisy mob of soldiers,
wagoners, artillery and cattle, the clear
ring of the distant axe was suddenly ex
changed for the rapid and continuous dis
charge of firearms. The crack of rifle,
followed by the roll of musketry, appeared
to be incessant. "
"3Iy God, Major!" cried Braddock, as
he leaped to his horse, whose bridle his
servant Bishop was holding near him,
"the advance is attacked, and sharply,
too! What can it mean? Mount ou the
instant, and bring me back a report of
what's going on! Tell St. Clair and Gage
to throw Mcll out their flankers, and urge
Burton, as you pass, to hurry forward
with the vanguard, while I get the artil
lery in motion. Here, you infernal scoun
drels of wagoners and cattle-drivers, get
j ou out of the road with your rubbish into
the woods ou cither side, aud let the troops
and guns press on! Quick step! Don't
dally!"
Washington delayed not an instant, but
springing upon his powerful roan, spurred
along under the trees and by the side of
the road now choked up with artillery and
soldiers, all pressing forward with utmost
speed and excitement. He soon reached
the first slope; a few strides and his horse
was over its brow and on the plain beyond.
The firing was now straight ahead of him.
Officers and men stood huddled in groups
in the road; some few had taken to the
trees on either side. The two brass pieces
had just been unlimbered, and the can
noneers were preparing to apply the match.
The attack had evidently been sudden and
unexpected, and Washington now saw
Gage's advance doubled back upon St.
Clair's working party, and for a brief
space all was confusion.
Nothing could bo seen in front but the
flashes of the enemy's guns and the shad
owy forms here and there of French aud
Indians as they glided from tree to tree;
nothing heard but the crack of rifles, the
noise of muskets, the piercing yells and
whoops of the savages, who seamed to fill
the woods and to be working around in a
semi-circle.
"Ho! Sir John," exclaimed Washing
ton, as St. John, foaming with rage and
excitement, approached to form nd urge
on the men,. "What's all this? The Gen
eral bids you halt where you are; throw
your flankers well out, and hold your own
if hotly pressed until Burton comes
up. What's the nature of the attack?"
"Fierce as furnace fire and hot as
d n," answered the fiery St. John.
"Harry Gordon was in the very front
marking out the road when, upon hearing
a rushing noise ahead and looking through
the trees, he saw a pack of French ant!
Indians on the run, a gaily-dressed officer,
with a silver gorget on his bosom, leading
the way with long kangaroo leaps. Soon
as they got within musket shot the cursed
Frencher stopped short in his tracks, and
waving his plumed hat above his head,
and then stretching his arms to cither
side, his pack of red devils scattered to the
right and left, crouched down and slunk
away behind trees, trunks, and what-not,
until, by heavens, they had completely
vanished not a painted head or hide of
oue of thein to bo seen the skulking cow
ards! The first we knew a pitiless hail of
bullets rained upon us, amid the most hor
rible screeches and yells and infernal
noises sure ever mortal heard. I'm
blessed, Major, if I'm used to this kind
of fighting don't know what to make of
it. Our Hankers havo all run in, and the
carpenters, or what's loft of them, are hud
dled down the road like so many sheep
worried by wolves, and the troops are
fairly appalled by these screeching demons.
For God's sake, hurry old Braddock up!
tell hi:n we've got the whole French-Indian
army in our front, and will have to
fight our way to the fort step by step."
Washington, after a few more brief,
rapid questions, took in the whole situa
tion and turned his horse's head. He had
gone but a few steps when ho saw Jack
and tho Half-King a few yards on one side
of the road, each peering from behind his
tree and trying to catch sight of some
thing to shoot at.
"Halloo! Jack and Scarooyaddy. You
there, my braves? Where are the other
Indians'? They must scatter in the woods
and try and find out where those devils
aro hiding and what's their force. I'll
have Braddock here in a flash." Just
then a crack was heard and a bullet
whizzed by, going through and through
the lappel of Washington's coat.
"Aha! Major," cried Jack quick as
thought, as he raised and fired his rifle,
"that's just the chance I've been waiting
for. I've watched that skulking Shawnee
now for over a minute. I knew he
wouldn't let you pass without a shot.
That's their game, the cunning varmints;
pick off the mounted leaders, and the rest
comes, of course. Don't stay to see where
I hit him, Major. Old 'Black Rifle' is
certain as death. Hurry up the troops,
we'll need 'em all for the savages are in
full feather in front; if there's one, there's
a thousand, twisting and creeping and
gliding about among those trunks. Hal
loo! there's Yaddy's rifle. Hit him again,
by Jupiter, aud a Frencher, too! No bark
without it's bite is tho plan we're acting
on."
Washington had not far to go. Brad
dock, finding the uproar not only con
tinuing but even increasing in front, had
raged through the whole army like mad,
and cotdd not wait for his aid's report.
Ordering Burton to detach eight hundred
men and hurry forward with all possible
speed, he left Sir Peter Halket in tho rear
with full four hundred to protect the bag
gage. He then swore and stormed along
the whole artillery line, and pushed the
guns forward as fast as possible.
Washington met the General, his eyes
fairly aflame, and with spurs buried deep
into his horse's sides, right on the brow of
the hill. Gage's cannon at that moment
had just filled the woods with their re
sounding roar, which wa3 followed with
cheer after cheer from the British, who
were standing in a confused crowd in tho
middle and on the sides of the road, load
ing and firing as fast as they could.
The terrible, leaden hail, whicn had
been so steadily raining on the English
and shattering their columns, now slack
ened for a while. The British then ad
vanced on the French in front, pouring in
a hot fiie, though very few of tho enemy
could be seen. As they drow near, an
other staggering discharge met them, ap
pearing to conio, as it were, right out of
the ground.
The British rallied again, and opened a
dreadful storm of grape and musketry,
sweeping away everything living before
them, but the grievous misfortune was,
that about the only living things were the
trees of the woods. Beaujeu, the chief
leader of the foe, and several others, were
seen to fall, while the Indians, unaccus
tomed to the appalling roar of artillery and
the loud huzzas of the soldiery, appeared
to waver, and for the moment gave way.
A well-pushed bayonet charge just then
would have put them to remediless flight.
Observing, however, that the French
and Canadians still held their ground in
the direct front; much exasperated by the
fall of their loved Beaujeu, and urged on
to revenge by Dumas, Langlade and do
Lignery, they took fresh heart, and re
turned to their trees and ravines, through
aud along which they extended more and
more.
It was just at this critical moment that
Braddock's horse leaped into tho road,
and, struck instantly by a bullet in front,
fell oh the very leap, throwing the Gen
eral violently to the ground. The grim
and infuriated old warrior Staggered to
his feet, sword in hand, and glared around
like a lioness robbed of her whelps. His
eyes fairly shot flames, aud his face grew
livid with rage as ho saw his carefully
drilled veterans standing in groups and
without order, all appearing to tiro at ran
dom, while many were shooting into the
trees above them, as if their foes were
birds in the branches.
To iucreaso his disgustful rage, just at
this moment Gage's advance gave way
entirely. The unseen enemy had worked
themselves along the ravincd on both
flanks, and, from behind the dcnst uudcr
growth and tall grass which fringed them,
poured in a most galling fire, coolly and
securely picking off officer after officer.
Colonel Burton's command had just
come upon tho ground, and were forming,
as well as could be under such a murder
ous hail of lead and in such a narrow road,
when crowding down upon them came
Gage's aud St. Clair's shattered columns,
trying to get into their rear, and mixing
the two regiments in inextricable confu
sion. Then it was that Braddock stormed
around with a rage and an indignation
which was almost sublime fromits inten
sity. Turning sharply on Gage :
" How's this, craven sir ! would ye so
basely dishonor your king and the duke?
God's wrath! is this the way ye've been
taught to fight ! By the Eternal, but I'll
break your disgraced sword where vou sit
in saddle ? Curses on you all for a set of
white-livered cowards ! You look'' more
like a flock of silly sheep set on by
hounds than drilled soldiers. For shamo !
for shame ! Fall in ranks, every mother's
son of you, and come out from behind
those trees I By the great God above us,
men, but I'll cut down with my aword the
first soldier, British or American, who
.2ar 'skulk behind a cover ! Out with you,
cowards V and suiting the action to the
word, Brad .Tock leaned to the road side
and actually hit with the flat of his
sword several wlfoni he found behind the
trees, Vkhiie others ho pushed into the
road.
General," sullenly expostulated Gage,
"the.se insults are undeserved; We cau't
fight a deadly foe who surrounds us on
three sides but whom we cau't sec. The
officers are falling like leaves all about
you. The meu are plainly panic-stricken.
If allowed to get behind whatever cover
offere, they cau pick up heart and reform
when the enemy is found. If not, we'll
all be killed, officers and men."
"Killed !" hoarsely roared Braddock,
while mounting his second horse. "And
why not? Better die with naked front to
the foe than blink and skulk like hares in
their 'forms. Get behind trees ! Oh,
that ever I'd live to hear a British officer
and a nobleman's son, too, give voice to
such dastard words ! Officers, I command
you to separate yon frightened mob ! Ad
vance the rcgimontal colors ! Set up rally
ing points ! Tell the men off into platoons,
and hunt up the enemy iu that way ! Major
Washington, bid the rest of the artillery
advance and open with grape !"
The word had scarce left his lips, before
his second horse was laid low with a bullet,
and Braddock was again on his feet in the
road, which did not go far to improve his
temper. Here Washington ventured to
observe, quietly and in low tones : "Gen
eral, since the enemy's evidently in great
strength ahead and on each flank, would
it not be well to find out exactly where he
is, and how he manages to so hide himself?
If we could retire the troops a little out of
fire, beat up these woods with the bayonet,
aud reform "
"Retire ! retire out of fire, and before a
d d dastardly foe who dare not uncover
himself!" shouted Braddock. "Major
Washington, you are my aide-de-camp to
carry orders, uot to give them ! lletire is
a round, well-picked word ! It may suit
j'our American militia, but, sir, it is a dis
graceful word for an officer holding his
Majesty's commission, cither to speak or
to hear! It was by retiring, as you well
call it, that Forts Duquesne and Necessity
wcro given up by you last j'ear to the
French ! Damme, sir, it has been so
much retiring that brings me and my
army on this lield : Here, orderly, bring
me another mount !"
Washington's pale face flushed up with
indignation at this stinging, but totally
undeserved taunt, the more calling since
Braddock had repeatedly given his appro
val of the '54 campaign. Seeing tho
General's obstinate temper, and knowing
he had no right to offer advice, he put spurs
to his horse and was 6oou over the hill to
hurry up the artillery.
"That's right, officers!" hoarsely shout
ed Braddock, soon as he was again motiut
ed. "Tell oft your men into small parties,
advance on a double-quick, and drive those
d d skulking vagabonds from their hiding
places!"
It was useless. By this time the confi
dent and whooping savages had enveloped
both flanks, whilo a most galling concen
tric fire was poured in upon the panic
stricken army, which was particularly se
vere upon tho officers.
In vain these officers, with unparalleled
bravery, put themselves repeatedly at the
head of small parties and advanced with
cheers upon the hidden foe. Distinguished
by their horses aud uniforms, they were
simply sacrificed.
In the dark aud narrow road, surrounded
on all sides by gloomy trees and dense
thickets, were crowded close together the
pAiiic-strickcn wretches, appalled at the
fatal fires of foes whom they never saw.
Many fired away into the air ; many more
brought down tbeir own men.
Wherever a puft of smoke was seen, off
went the soldiers' muskets ; while all
around, securely hidden in those mysteri
ous, unsuspected ravines lay a screeching,
murderous, insatiate foe, their rifles or
muskets loaded with both bullet and buck
shot, peering through grass and bushes,
resting them on the brinks, gathering
more and more confidence with each fatal
volley, and making tho forest echo with
demoniac yells and whoops and savage
clamor.
Occasionally a naked and hideously
painted savage would break from cover,
and rush forward with fearful screech, to
secure the scalp of some officer he had
shot. Then would follow a volley of mus
ketry from tho poor soldiers, killing or
wounding their own fellows more than
damaging the enemy.
What followed deserves not tho name of
battle ; it was simply a horrible slaughter.
Once Colonel Burton managed to gather a
hundred men, and advanced toward a
rising ground in front, the very centre of
the French position, but upon his being
disabled by a rifle ball, the rest retired pre
cipitately. By this time Sir Peter nalket came up
with reinforcements, but too late for good.
The meu were hopelessly disordered and
panic-stricken, firing ofT all their ammuni
tion, quarreling with their brave officers,
who threw themselves from their horses
and led them repeatedly on foot, but only
to be swept into eternity.
The only thing for Braddock to do when
he found himself caught in this horrid
slaughter pen was manifestly to retire
his forces, w hile he had them yet under
control ; throw out scouting parties to
beat up the enemy's positiou ; bring out
his artillery to the ends of the ravines and
thoroughly rake thein with grape and can
nister, or to route out the securely-hidden
foe with the bayonet. Indians have never
yet been found able to withstand a bayo
net charge. The Cold steel at close quar
ters demoralizes. They quiver, break
and fly.
This was what both Halket and Wash
ington urged him to do, but to no purpose.
He raged along the road like a fury ; drove
back Iris men by the sword, and seemed
determined to overcome by mere force of
drill and obstinacy. Indeed, it is uncer
tain whether he now could havo executed
the manoeuvre. No soldiers not even
Cumberland's veterans could long with
stand a deadly and concentrated fire from
front and both flanks.
The fact that the fatal flashes and puds
of smoke and volleys seemed to come right
out of the ground and from unseen fes,
whilo tUe whole air and woods around rang
full of savage yells and horrible screech
"ings, completed the demoralization. Many
afterwards declared that during the whole
three hours' contest they had never once
seen a foe ; while others would not assert
that they had seen over half a dozen. It
is only a wonder that soldiers so wretch
edly posted and so bauly commauded could
stand it as long as they did.
Tho provincials suffered as much as the
British soldiers. Whenever and wherever
they could they took to the trees. It is
even asserted, and we think it probable,
that somo of the officers who, by Brad
dock's explicit command, attempted to
beat back into the road the men who had
thus sought shelter behind trees, were shot
by their own men.
In one of the pauses of this one-sided
conflict, Washington, who had been kept
busy carrying the General's orders the
other aides, Orme and Morris, having been
wounded saw Colonel Halket, grim and
weary-looking, standing dismounted under
a huge oak, and leaning heavily against
its massive trunk. Hastening up and out
a little from tho fire, he anxiously in
quired :
"I trust, Sir Peter, you arc not very
badly hurt?"
"Xa, na, Geordie, but Ise gotten eneuch.
'Tis joost aboon my baldric. Wha cud
hike to go thro' siccan an awsomo day
wi' out scar or scaith ? I ha"e fear Isc
ta'en a strong grippit o' death. I am sair,
sair forfoughten, but ne'er fear, mon, but
wha the auld Sir Peter will e'er present a
liecklc to his foes."
"Oh, 'tis not so bad as that, Colonel,"
said Washington ; "but you, like the rest
of us, have received your baptism of fire.
'Tis a gory field, aud tho end's not yet."
"D'ye mind, Major, the 'secon-sight' I
tauld ye of yestreen, and the vision of
bluid? Said I not recht? but, ha o ye
seen Jamie, laddie?'
"I have, -ir Peter ; there he stands, and
unhurt."
"'Tis strange, vcrra -strange. 'Tis the
bairn Francis, and not James, that's hurt
and ta'en. to the rear, alang wi' Sir John
Sinclair. Colonel Burton, Gladwin, and
mony ithcrs. Oh, but this is a sorra day !
Braddock's joost lost his fourth horse.
The fule carle thinks he's fightin ou the
broad plains o' Flanders. 'Tis eneuch
amaist to drive one distraught to see him
try to wheel and maincuvre a whail army,
shoulther to shoulther, iu a twal-fut road.
I ha'e beggit him to let his men take to
the woods, but the dour deevil wi' not.
He's clean daft, Geordie, clean daft."
"Well, Colonel," said Washington, "no
use to discuss the General now. You need
immediate attention. I'll .send somo sol
diers to take Y'ou to the rear."
"Washington had scarcely gone a hun
dred paces before a bullet, sped by an In
dian rifle from tho ravine, struck Halket
straight through tho heart. Just as he
was falling his son James rushed forward
and caught him in his arms. He, too, was
at the same instant mortally struck, and
both fell together, locked in each other's
embrace, and this was the last of the old
Scotch nobleman.
The two bodies lay, just where they fell,
for years, through summer's heat and win
ter's snow "'mid all the wreck of the
spiteful elements." We will hereafter re
late how, three years after, two skeletons
were found locked together, and in how
singular a manner the young Sir Peter
Halket identified them as those of his
father and brother. -
Tho Provincials the American militin,
of whom Braddock was so contemptuous
were among tho last to yield the hill.
Among them were Jack, Gist, Waggoner,
Scarooyaddy, and others of the more cool
and collected scouts and rangers, who had,
wherever they could obtain a "coign of
vantage," kej't up a desultory fire upon
the foe.
About this time Jack, his face all be
grimed with powder, his bullets almost
all spent, his eyes glowering and" teeth
clenched in a sort of bull dog fixedness,
was sullenly retiring from tree to tree
hotly pushed by somo Ottawa Indians,
when ho noted the approach of our old ac
quaintance, Captain Waggoner, of the
Virginia Rangers, with what was left of
his men. They were doggedly retreating
step by step, casting many an anxious look
behind.
"Waggoner," exclaimed Jack, "'tis a
crying shame that we should stay here and
be butchered for the mad whims of a man
who may bo as brave as Julius Ca'sar, but
who's also as crazy as a loon. Now, I've
been studj ing the lay of these lurking red
devils, and from the line of their fire I feci
certain their whole position can be turned
from that huge fallen tree yonder, lying
just on the rise of the hill. What .-ay
you? Cau you take your men, aud let us
rim for it'."'
Good! Jack. (Jive me your hand on'l,
old hickory! lin with you till death. I
can depend on what is left of my company
to a man. and think I can get enough ran
gers from Dobb's, Dag worthy's, Slce:is
and Peyronies' companies to make tlie at
tempt, "IIo!" ho shouted, in clear, ring
ing tones, "American ranger, stay ono
moment! We've tri-d lighting Indians on
the British plan, and if we co on 0:1c shoit
half-hour longe: , we'll not have R whole
scalp left. Captain Jack proposes to run
forward and take possession of yonder
huge log, which commands t lie enemy's
jw'isrtioti, and will give us complete protec
tion, ar.d we'll route those cursed, yelp
ing, barking devils down there ouicker'it
you could scrunch a nest of rattlesnakes.
All who want" to redeem this disgraceful
day, end strike at least one stout blow for
victor", follow lr.c'."
A hearty cheer rang ont. About eighty
American rangers, including, also, Jach,
Scarooyaddy, Al.iquippa's two sons, ;ist,
Fairfax, and two other friendly Indians,
agreed to follow.
"Now, lads, all load up, and sling cacli
man of you around his tree and draw their
fire."
"So," as a brisk volley came from tho
foe. "Now for if," and Jack and Y".ig
goncr leading, they darted rapidly for
ward, rilles cocked, all ready in trail, and
losing only three men by the way.
"Now!" shouted Waggoner, ".spread
yourselves along snug, and fire one volley
all together, and then cvety man load and
fire at will, and if we don't have some littlo
to boast of this day my name's not Tom
Waggoner. Look, Jack; hxA! !)'e see
tho painted, slippery devils wriggling and
gliding away? Aha! we've got "em, every
pop! Now for it, boys! Ouick! quick!
before you lose c:u. Beady! T.;ke .-.im!
7-Vv."' anil a tremendous volley and red
lino of flame leaped from their rifles.
"Ha!" yelled Jack, springing to his feet
with excitement, as he saw a whole raft of
Indians break cover, "one more like that
aud we'll have scalps enough to buy i -
farm apiece. Hurrah! boys; hur '
His words were diowuid by the roar of
guns and a general discharge of musketry
bchiud him, and at least forty of the eighty
fell killed and wounded by the lire from
the mob of British regulats iu their rear,
who loaded and filed wherever they saw
flash of smoke.
'"My Cod!" gasped Jack, the Past to re
cover fr.iin the dreadful hhoel: which
.seemed to parulyze and hold spcoohlcss a!!
that were left. "Shot by our own men, as
I'm a living sinner: Worse than nun tier,
by heavens! Come, Waggoner and Vadth ,
it's tio use. The day's lost when British
soldiers can thus slaughter their Letters. "
Another volley was poured on their
doomed heads, unt'l fifty out of the gal
lant little band were either killed or
wounded, anel the rest were put Ui a h:isty
flight. Their rage, disgust and indigna
tion can be imagined but not described.
Braddock, almost all his best officers
either killed or wounded, and all the am
munition shot away, found it now almost
impossible even Jo effect a safe or orderly
retreat. The Indians, having lit'.lf more
to fear from the army on the hill plain, had
now worked down the ravines until they
apiCRred on tho first '"bottom," and turn
moneod to attack the basrarao.
The (lank parties posted for its aeenrity
all but one ran in. A great number of
horses and some drivers were shot down,
whilo the rest, cutting loose tho best
horses in the teams, mounted and were oil'.
The cannon did somo service, and, com
manded and sometimes even served by
Washington himself, had for soiiietitnu
kept off the foe, but the spot w as so woody
that very little execution could be done.
Just at this juncture Braddock himself,
who had had five horses killed under him
and whose clothes had been riddled viUi
bullets, received a mortal wound while
standing beneath a large tree on the brow
of the second rise. The ball pa sod through
his right arm, lodging deep in his lungs.
The order he was just giving was left un
finished on Iiis lips. Falling from hisj
horse, there the brave but unfortui:ato
General lay, with but tt few friends around
him and all his drilled veterans flying oil
in headlong, disgraceful flight. ''They
ran," wrote Washington iu his first letter
after the battle, "as sheep putsucd by tho
dogs, and it was impossible to rally thein.'
The fall of the General destroyed all
semblance of further opposition. Every
aide but Washington and every lield olli
cer was struck down. About nine lninj
drt d out of the fourteen hundred men, and
sixty-three out of the eighty-six officers
were cither killed or wounded, and the
rest scarce waited for the drums to s .mm
' the retreat. All, all was abandoned!
j Horses, cattle, wagons, artillery, military
i chest, personal b;!g:igc, t ri rylh l;rj anil
j what w as worse, almost tccry j1''"'1 whe
' was badly wounded.
J D-iwn. down the fugitive iu-1 rushed to
1 the ford, ou r which they had passi d w ith
I such pageantry aud enthusiasm in the
i morning. The whole route was strewn
with guns, military trajpi:igs, and even
I i ... ,' .. . 1. :..t. : '.3 . .i- , i
cioi 11111,' ' v-iiicM t; jiiiu iiiij-cue liigni.
About fifty Indians pursued even to tho
Monoijgahela, tomahawking several iu tho
passage.
It was well that the savages, glutted
wtiii u.oou, lauen tiovv u witn .scalps, or
, having a w holesoino fear i-f Dunbar's army
j still in the tear, turned aside from tho
j monotony of slaughter Ut tht wotk of
' gathenngjthe rich spoils of the ui-astn. 11s
j lield. Had they chosen to pursue :;crossi
the river, er had they gone tip the s.uuo
bank and waited at the other fo:d, two
ntries above, for the poor, panting, ex
1 Initialed, and pa:iie-r-tric-i.eii fugitives, as
! they ei.issed the si 1 v 1" tlie I
i that day, but few uo...' have I
teli the'sud and ih-.'41-1' "l'u
the foin-th tiiuo
Lie 11 left Uj