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BARTON ..'DEM VOLUME VI. SENSIBLE TAUTTT TAIX, .An ex-governor of Kansas, when interviewed recently by the New York Voice on the tariff questions, gave utterance to the following plain and forcible language: "Our whole tariff system is wrong in principle, because it imposes its burdens upon what we consume instead of upon what we posses, thus compelling a poor day-laborer to carry as great a financial load on the necessities of life (which rich and poor alike are compelled to have) as 1 carried by the man who is worth his millions. All financial bur dens placed by our Government upon the people should be measured, not by their capacity to consume, bat by their fthillty to pay, A man who baa $10,000 and no children is justly entitled to pay ten times the amount of 'protection1 that should be paid by the man with only $1,000 and ten children; but under our present tariff system the poor man, With ten children, carries ten times the loadop pav tPH times, mare tux than is placed upon bis more pr-ojperoua and, well-to-do neighbor. In other words, the burden is placed upon the number of children, and not upon the number pf dollars possessed." 11 What remedy would, you propose for this. injustice to the poor?" wa asked. "Why, I would restore to the people what I believe to be a God-given right that is, to trade anywhere in this wide world where they can buy the cheapest without feejng compelled, ag they nqw are, o pay tribute to a favored few, "If our industries need protection, let it be given on such a basis as would be honest and just a protection that would protect the poor aud do no injus tice to the rich. To illustrate: "If the sugar industry deserves pro tection to the extent of three cents per pfmp4 an sHsrari I? ! pen M a fcounfor tf irppHy frofl fhe nited. Brsreg Treasury, anfl let, the money p fpoj the bjlls be raised by a levy Ppon tpe tax able wealth of the nation. This would give to the poor, as well as to the rich, sugar at three cents less per pound. Tbf) tb? CQjlljonajres in the United States Sepate, when tftpy ejamjned fcheir tax receipts an.4 dispoyereo;, as fcfoey would, that the burdens of 'pro tpWon have bean, shifted froa the pockets of the poor to tfae pockets of the rich would suddenly awake to the realization that our industries are no longer in their infancy to be nursed like a sick kitten at a hot jamb,' and fed on catnip tea for all time to come. "Out West it takes 35 poundj qf fhe, fsreji'a oats tp buy J jf pounds of trust sugar, and 75 pounds of his corn to buy 2 pounds of trust binding twine; while under the influence of the infamous Dressed-Beef Trust he is forced to day tp sell his beef cattle at least one-half pent per pound less than the acjq ppjjt Pf "pF9fl!?grtPj' ft'HlP tbVl45a of miners, after being locked, put for WORths, ape 3rarv4 fa p foreed tp, go fq work at whatever the bosses are dis posed to give them. "The politician's cry of 'protection' under our present system has fooled the people for the last time. Every tKt$ f wiling that ft JegUj, bt Pt t!fe PPrWfin !? !Flpfl bt tte buFen F?t HPQR wbt TP possess, p4 pot upop what we eon iume, Give the poor people a fair chance, and we will have fewer strikes and riots and less starvation "An equalization 8? the Opportunities of mankind to aake a living is what is new, but just what our present system prevents," A Political Qow4. n the Jieoister of last week a fellow Who says he 'Does not often see him self in the paper," but who does not let a campaign pass .without sticking his nose into the affairs of others in a clan destine way, writes a personal attack on one of the democratic candidates, Leonard Krause, and signs himself "A German Farmer." It would be inter esting to Barton county farmers to know the extent of the agricultural ex- perience of this young-man-afraid-of- his-name ycleped "A German Farmer." German tanners and American farm ers, and all honorable and fair-minded men admire a bold and open enemy and despise a coward and a sneak in poli tics as well as all other matters where the common interests of the people are in question; ad when an anonymous Writer seeks to injure a political oppo nent by flimsy iunuendo and false ac cusations the result will be, as this self-styled Teutonic agriculturist will learn within the next thirty days, that friends will be made to the gentleman assailed ratker than any injury being done to bis chances of success. 1 We have probably given the fellow occasion to swell himself up with self importance, by devoting so much space to his senseless observations and anony mous insinuations; but what we have written in the premises has been done loshow out readers the transparent ob ?m w l uimJ with an alias who trunks to injure the chances for the re eionof one of the best treasurers Barton county has ever bad. FEW FTiATN WORDS. Captain John F. Lewis has issued a few thousand circulars containing the following matter that pretty plainly states the case. Captain Lewis is in the real estate business, and has been for the last ten or twelve years, and his opportunities for observing what is being done in that line are of the best: CENTRAL KANSAS. The general demand for profitable investments have been manifest for the past few years by capitalists and others all over the country, that organized en deavor has been made, in a variety of methods, by a few to assist such capi tal to opportunities offered here, but through lack of judgment or careless ness of persons looking for good invest ments they are generally drawn to points where there is more or less ex citement in valuations, "commonly called booms," and they seetn to lose sight of the fact that the rise in valu ation a was what eaused the boom and When they purchase at such points they pay half or nearly all of the margin out of their own pockets in the pur chase. A candid investigation of the subject will clearly show that in any good coun try where golU and ollmate, people are all that can be desired is the place to buy land when it can be purchased cheap. The past shows that in a regular ser ies of years values in such countries go beyond their worth, and fall far below their worth, with equal regularity. Barton, county now is offering bar gains in city and farm property that will never be offered again. We have just harvested a magnificent crop of wheat, reaching three million bushels in this county alone. Localities show the enormous yield of fifty to sixty bushels per acre. Our corn and other crops are excellent and a general con dition of plenty prevails. Qur oij car fiftf Pi Su?paab4 hi P Ftility, and. our prese.pt apd prospective railroad facili ties are superior to that of any country in the United States. Our climate is without a parallel in the world, pos sessing a temperature that combines more nearly the mldnes,s of California;, and e eaftle, ftog and, porn finalises of jpwa apd, Jllinqis, th?W apy gtate in the ypiRB: geographically", we are intercontinental, lying between all im portant sea coast cities, therefore reap ing benefits from traffic between all points. I have interviewed gentlemen of business experience who havg jjvep their attento to re.aj" "estate Uest Weuia tot the last fifteen years, who unreservedly expressed their belief to me that in view of the reasonable cer tainty of additional railroad facilities, no point west of the Mississippi offers better opportunities for inyespen ban Qreafi gen apd Bartpp pp.iin'ty '"ijjjje. hjgtfify ftf tlpa CHy 'an'cj county is bpt a repetition of that of jSmppiia, YichJa;!Fort Scott, with their counties, and other towns and counties of per manent importance. The average valu ation of vacant city lots 25x140 feet in choice locations in those cities now is at least ten thousand dollars and f arrp, property thg gajna a ft yof pttf , jUmovjgj tbejr. tjuptuate as pcjly' of worse ai ours have, "for $ie fifteen, ye'arif prey1! tQ tWii fftr. pepanoey. Qm eapfltttaa now, ia What their cities were at their last low stage in valuations, and in fc onin. business men of this country concur. In 1871-2, and '73 we had abundant' rainfall and high valuations. IST'H aVttag4 R Short crop and! very low val. uHoRS,. 8fo-6-f-8-9. averaged good crops aud high valuations. 1880-1, very poor crops and corresponding depres sion In values. 1882-3-4-5-6 gave us an excellent average of crops, and un looked for high valuations. 1887-8 gave us poor crops and very low valuations. We are now entering upon the year 1889 with splendid small grain pros pects and according to the series of changes in the past we may conclude that we will have good crops for a number of years, and a corresponding rise in Valuations. In consequence of the usual closeness of money all over the country our valuations have been crowded lower at the present time than the condition of our crops would war rant, therefore it is not difficult to dis cern what the opportunities are. Our superior geographical location in rela tion to the permauent towns of the state clearly show that the advance in this county will be more sharp and radical than ever before. Gentlemen from the east who have been ac quainted with this county personally for ten and fifteen years, have at every low stage of valuations came here and taken advantage of these opportunities They have already commenced to ar rive and they are taking their time to it and are culling and picking out the best bargains; there are five or six of these men with whom I am person ally acquainted, and I notice that they only buy when prices are low and sell when land gets high, and they have all grown wealthy upon Kansas invest ments alone. It has been a serious wonder to me OFFCOIAL PAPER OE BARTON COUNTY. GREAT BEND, inai more or tne seekers for good investments do not take advantage of these opportunities. We have a few permanent residents who patiently await these opportunities and have realized handsome profits in the twelve years of my observation. I have en deavored from time to time to induce some of my personal friends in the east to take advantage of them but generally iney fall into the popular error of waiting until there is a general move ment and then the influence of fre quent sales carries them across the line from the handsome margins offered at present prices. The certainty of profit in the pur chase of lands here at present prices, and of lots three and four blocks from the center of business of this city at from toO to $200 each, equals if it does not surpass the best opportunities ever offered in this state, at points where marvelous profits have been obtained, and in my opinion, after a candid and careful survey of the situation, these opportunities will be looked upon in the near future as bonanzas. The influence of the 1887-8 failure and town lot reaction are already pas sing away. Our magnificent rains and crops bids to persons f shrewd business ability that now is the time to avail themselves of profitable invest ments, and should be improved at once. UNDERSTAND THE LAW. On the first of March, 1888, we published the accompanying letter from our county surveyor, Bernard Markey, and as there are many farm ers in the county, who are contem plating having their lands surveyed, and want to understand the require ments of the law concerning surveying, we re-publish the letter. Mr, Mar key re.cogjn,ize tUe necessity of farm, ers understanding what they are required to do in order to have their lines permanent, and not to be moved by every surveyor who comes along and chooses to differ with his pred ecessor. By working together- and eppfirraipg tQ the law land owners will sae themsfclv.s much trouble and money. CONCERNING SURVEYING To the Editors County Papers. Gentlemen: Through the columns of your ral nable papers I wish to answer enquiries often made as to what course of -procedure is necessary In thQ establishing of corners and lines prpoiit 4 same by county 8Ury?T Hy fc ??T&W?St Sftft tWWftWWtk ,' lftUite on fcBCTtx 1 Whenerer the owner or owners of ad jacent tracts of land shall drebe to establish lines and corners thereof between them, they may enter into written agreement to employ and abide by the surrey of some surreyor; and after wj surrey Is completed, a plat there t e?1.P tion of all corners sj! ejj PUlipjr w.ar tt'erVpn, te written agreement of' pie frUe sh'alje reconle a the office of register of, deeis o the' county, rf'her'e, lands "are "eHu aflfl lines and Corners si fsHrf a udeand re corded sfi h fading upon th parties entering into said geuieut, their heirs, successors and assigns, and shall never be changed. Sec 2 Whenerer the owner or owners of one or more tracts of land in this state shall desire to estab lish permanently the corners or boundaries there of, and who will not enter into the written, Rjre ment mentioned in aecti Vie 9t they flxM npUff twocn j arv.ey.ojr.o 'b& &!?py of said notice, forthwith notify al parlies, atnt UClcA ((ntetedrin" std q tn n (ltM l nakiD2 the KJitjJ W )RM -rneti to U VQwiti It wy or partioo follows, Munty la wbica re residents of the shall .a land is situate, the. notice d in writing, andcshall beserred at least ten days prior to the time of making the said surrey, by delivering to such :party a copy thereof, or learing the same at his usual placj of residence in said county. In case of a non-residence of the county, the notice shall be serred by publishing the same in tome newspaper in the Minty, for four consecu ve weefes prior to the time of making such surrey. At the time mentioned in said notice the said sur veyor shall proceed to make the surrey of said boundaries. He shall have the power to administer oaths and take the evidence of any person who may be able to identify any original gorernment or other legally established corner, or witness thereto, or gorernment line tree or other noted, object. Such evtdence shall be reduced to writing, signed by the witness, and together with an accurate plat and notes of such f urvey, shall be filed in the office of register of deeds, within ten days after the com pletion ol said surrey. Sec. 8 Sets out manner of appeal (i. e.) any per sons feeling aggrieved at lines or corners set by sur rey as aforesaid has a right to appeal to district court within thirty days, all parties having entered into said agreement and surrey aforesaid are forever bound by same. As the balance of this statute would not be safe to proceed under without the aid of a legal gentleman, I will leave it with be and thee. Your obedient servant, Beihibo Markbt, County Surreyor. How many republican papers in the state were prohibition newspapers before the republican state convention endorsed and saddled prohibition upon the people? Not one in fifty. And how many editors who prate about upholding and obeying the laws go out "with the boys" and encourage liquor sellers to violate the law by purchasing the forbidden Kansas fruit? Honest men are born, not made by force cf circumstances. A man who is not honest from principle but because it don't pay under the circumstance to be otherwise, is worse than a downright scoundrel. Wichita Journal. Born in Virginia and Mississippi the republican candidate for governor is an ex-brigadier general of the confederate army. Republican newspapers will pieuix; uii. reuiarKs aoout tne con federacy in the saddle, this year any- Tribune please copy. KANSAS, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 10, 1889. HEIQEB0BH00D HEWS. Ellin wood Extracts. ' From the Advocate. . : Born, on Monday evening to Mrand Mrs. Morris, a son. . Regulation weight. On Wednesday last the house of Mr. Bosse was ; destroyed by fire having been set by a prairta fire. - We are glad to note that Bev. 6. W. Elliot, who has been quite sick, is again able to be out. . We took a drive into the country this week and saw'wheat which was four inches over grouid. This does not seem to indicate great drought. Mrs. J. Winn, - of Edenburg, Mo., and Mrs. B. MiHeCand daughter Miss Ida, of Jamesport; Ma, are in the city, visiting the families of E. L. Hotch- kiss and J. C. Hill, at this place. . Our young railroad man, Gus Minert and lady arrived tire the latter part of the week. Thepeople here welcome the yomg ctmple U3o their midst. There will be punday School Har vest Home Concordat the Presbyterian church, Sunday. October 13th. Ex ercises wilL comnaence at 7:30 p. m. Everybody invited Last week a drummer, representing a wholesale business house of Hutch inson tried to act tonart and insulted some of our leading business men. Such upstarts should be careful, or they may be liable to be taught a lesson. Chas. Yossen this week presented us with samples of the largest peaches we have seen in Kansas. None of them measure less than eleven inches in cir- cumfernce, and are sweet and juicy. The were raisedJLn his garden. Leo Bockemohle returned from Kansas City Wednesday evening, where he attended the meeting of the Bank era Aasciatlon as a representative of the Bank of Elllnwood. Leo also took in the Priests of Pallas parade which he says was immense. He was the youngest delegate in attendance. On Sunday last some of the friends of our worthy mayor, Mat Dick, gave thai ifentieman a grand surprise. Enjoying a very nice time during the afternoon, some of the Mayor's friends from Great Bend gave him a serenade in the evening. , Our band discoursed some fine music during the afternoon. A fine time was had by all present and at a seasonable hour tU guests repaired tQ ttWte. WWHi. homes, all with a fclpvUy reeling, toward oar worthy mayor and lady, . ' Hnshigton Hews. From the Dispatch. We are having the finest of (rU weather, Wheat wwing keeps the farmers vwy busy at present We ace getting anxious to see work bgln mi the creamery building. Al. Gustin, living near Dog Trot, fell from a horse Sunday and broke his arm. A. S. Houck returned Momja, night from Indiana where he has been visit fr.gt 1$ Yry enthusiastic over the ga industry of that state, . Dr. J. H. McBvain returned the first Of the wee trom a trip through the O'lioma country. He is much pleased with that newly settled coun try. A son . was born to . Mrs, Antop Lundsner, living seven wttea northwest of town, on Sunday. It will be re membered that Mrs. Lundsner was successfully operated on for removal of a large ovarian tumor June 12, 1888, by Drs. Ayres, Goit, Connett and Shaw. J. Livesay, living about sixteen miles northwest of town in Grant town ship, had about 1,000 bushels of wheat in the stack burned up last week, caused by a fire in the neighborhood getting beyond control. It is pretty hard to have raised a bountiful harvest and then after it is all in stack lose it in a few minutes. Maurikd: On Wednesday evening, October 2, by Rev. L K. Hasking, Mr, W. M. Beacher aud Miss Rosa Newby, both of this place. The bride and groom are numbered with our best young people. They left this morning for Ellsworth on a short trip. The ZH$patch joins with friends in wishing the. newly married couple a long and happy life; Pawnee Bockets. From the Leader. Acres upon acres of wheat are being sowed this fall . The first load of broom corn came to town on Monday. Bev. E. B. Miller preached the ser mon at the funeral of Grandma Kem- merling's on Thursday. Miss Dora Bowman goes out to morrow to take charge of her school. It is nine miles west of town. Benifiel and Coleman have tied their threshing engine and machine up to a fence post for this season George Leitner left last evening for Texas. He will return in about two weeks with his herd of Angoa g"ats- The billiard hall opened up again on Saturday under the management of J C. Miller. Josh has added a first class shooting gallery to the establishment. Everybody; predicts a bard winter. Well, as Kansas winters don't begin until the first of January and then last but about three months, we can stand it surely. The night train from the east, due at 10:02, does not stop at this point since the change in the time table This throws it very -inconvien ient for us, as Ho. 5 was about the best train running for the accomodation of our citizens. Mrs. Jacob Kemmerling, better Known among her many friends here as "Grandma Kemmerling," died Wednesday morning, Oct. 2nd, after an illness of about three months, caused by paralysis and congestion of the bowels. Her suffering was intense, but she bore it with christian fortitude and patience. r.-.- State Convention Y- M. C. A. The eighth annual state convention of the Young Men's Christian Associa tion of Kansas will be held in the city of Topeka, October 16-20. The conven tion pf last year was attended by over six hundred delegates, making it the largest state gathering ever held in the west. ' Arrangements are now being made for the caring for 800 delegates and it is confidently expected that the coming great meeting will be the largest state convention ever held in the world. The railroad companies have again granted reduced rates and the citizens of Topeka offer entertain ment for all delegates and correspond ing members. There will be room for pastors, fathers sind mothers, railroad men, college men, business men, pro fessional men, boys and young men. and it is believed that the meeting will be one of unusual interest and profit. A large orchestra and male chorus under charge of Prc& D. B. Towner, one of the best loaders In the country, will be a helpful feature of the meet ing. In addition to the good workers throughout the state, help is expected from the following: Rev. A. T. Pi&r- son D. D., Philadelphia, Jno, riir- well of Chicago; Evangelists E. W. Bliss and Geo. C. Keodh; Dr. H. Grattau Guinness, of Loadon, and R. E. Speer of Princeton. The States Executive Committee still believes in Kansas, in her young men, her business men. and her associations, and with faith in the great captain extensive plans are being laid for the year 1S90. For the canyine nn ci- the wfniar work with iwed earnestness, for the work among the Indian tribes to the south ef us, for the young men in unorganized towns and country places, and for the railroad and college work. The financial meeting of the convert tion will be held Saturday rjaorlg, October 19th. We are glad tQ npH that with the increased prosperity in worldly matters our does not forget nor take up with indifference the work that per tains to the best interests of her young men and we believe that Kansas will still retain her position as the leader in aggressive work undertaken b$ the .Lord s people for the belpmg f joung men. : - Persons to attend can obtain full information by applying to any general secretary in the state -ox by addressing the State Secretary, Topeka, Kansas. A Wrecked Life. A life wrecked under the saddest circumstances ended in - suicide the other day in the town of Carondalte, HI. Monroe Gray was a school teach er with a pretty wifp an thi'ee bright little children. They lived in innocent happiness until William Dietsch, an amorous millionaire, came to the town and fell in love with the school master's wife. He was a man of peculiar magnetism and the young wife i was weak." Time went on and the school master learned that the matters at home were not as they used to be. One day he came upon his wife and her paramour in his own room. The schoolmaster was hrm ana wita a cocked revolver in his hand, gave each of them one minute to pray. The millionaire offered all he possessed fcr life but when the minute was up,' fell dead with a bullet in his heart; a moment later the woman also met the penelty. The schoolmaster was tried, convicted and sentenced to one year in the penitentiary, where he served two months and was pardoned. On Wed nesday he wrote to bis . children that life was too heavy for him to bear, and before they read the letter he had followed his wife aud her paramour The story is too painful for words And there are too many like it. - Capitol. Thk "Farmer" who insinuates, in a communication to last week's Register, that one of the democratic candidates for office this fall is "not competent," is old enough to Know inat "a snapping dog seldom bites," and a man who makes charges against his fellow man and does not -dare sign his own name to uch charges has neither the respect not the confiednce of the people. FPU THE FARMER. The problem How to Winter Xow-Priced Cattle and make Them Profita ble A boat Fertilizers. Keeping; Koots Hints About , Shipping; Poultry. , Ho Wintering Cattle. The problem which the intelligent farmer must solve in these days of low priced cattle is how to winter them at the least cost, and at the same time keep the young cattle growing and thrifty, and the cows giving a profit able flow of milk, says Waldo F. Brown in the Country Gentleman. I have ex perimented to qnite an extent ia winter feeding of cattle, and I find that in a thoroughly warm stable I can keep my cows up to a full flow of milk, or bring an animal to the spring in good beef condition, on a much lighter grain ration than is generally recommended. If I mistake not. Mr. Stewart usually recommends a grain ration of fifteen pounds a day, and in some cases, con siderably more. Last winter I fed five cows, most of them giving milk, and their regular grain ration was ten pounds of bran and corn and cob meal, mixed in proportion of about four pounds of bran to six of the meal. I never had cows do better, or come to the spring with smoother coats, and any one of them would have made good beef in April. In connection with this grain ration I feed what fodder my cattle will eat clean at two feeds, and in pleasant weather they ran at the straw-stack from two to four hours in the after noon. I weighed the ration or corn and fodder to the cattle several times, and weighed back the butts they re jected, in order to find out what the waste was, and I f onnd that ten pounds net of fodder was alPi could get them to eat without waste, and thatmy cattle did remarkably well on their twenty pounds a day, half grain and half fodder. I also found that the waste : was very nearly one-third when the fodder was bright and well cured. I i found that with this ten pound ration I not a cow was off her feed all winter, ' but if I increased it much I was in ' danger of over-feeding and having mv cows surfeited. The winter before I had beets and small potatoes, so as to give each cow a feed of them each day, but my cows did no better and indeed scarcely as well as when on this bran and corn ration. At the prices now prevailing. $13 per ton for bran and 30 cents per bushel for corn, this ten-pound ration will cost, including grinding of the corn, less than 6 cents a head, a day. I am fortunate in getting my grinding done at a neighbor's, less than a fourth of a mile away, for only 4 cents per bushel of seventy pounds. 'He owns a thrasher, and as his engine is not in use in-winter, and his mill cost; only about ?100, he can afford to grind cheap. These iron mills, geared to run at a high rate of speed, are a marvel of simplicity, and will grind from twenty-five to fifty bushels per hour, the lesser amount so line as to make it difficult to tell that there is any cob in it, and it will be a great benefit to the farmers of any com munity if the- men owning thrasher engines will introduce tbem. I had been thoroughly disgusted with cob meal, from feeding it ground on horse mills, vrLich only cracked the corn and leftany pieces of cob as largo as F rains of corn, and I had thought that would 'never feed cob meal again, but after using the finely ground meal made by these modern mills I am a thorough convert to cob meal, and shall always feed it in winter when it can be had. In our mills, whieh grind with buhr stones, a still cheaper iron mill is now introduced costing, . I think, "$o5, which ahe-lls the corn, and then it is roground together on the buhrs. To feed a cow or steer 10 pounds a day oi this mixed bran and corn and cob meal, for six months (180 days,) will require 15 1-2 bushels of corn'and 720 pounds of bran, and I will guarantee that if tl:s is fed to a 1,000-pound animal in a thoroughly warm stable, and it has in addition what it will eat without waste of corn fodder or clover hay, that you will find you have good beef at the opening of spring. The animal fed on this ration, however, must not be turned out of doors to shiver all day in eold rains, or a zero temperature? neither must it be made to drink ice-water, nor must the stable in which it is kept be so well ventilated that it feels every breeze that blows. ' I have not yet adopted the plan of warming the" water for my stock in winter, but I feel sure it would pay where a dozen head or more are kept. I do however, pump fresh water for them which has a temperature" several degrees above the freezing point, and I have a thoroughly warm stable. I have no doubt that a stable double boarded with building paper between will save one-third of the food, and where ten or more cattle are kept I believe this saving in one winter would pay all the cost of the double boarding. Cattle feeders on the prairies who feed out of doors in all weather, tell me that 3-year old steera will eat an average of half a bushel ' of corn per day through the winter and during cold storm3 and will often lose in weight, for days at a time at that. I wish some of your enterprising readers who are feeding cattle in warm stables this winter would try this ten pound ration for a few months, and report the result next spring. It will not be necessary to weigh the food each day, but you can provide a measure which will hold five pounds, and give it full to each animal night and morn ing. I have often wintered a full grown horse on corn-fodder and a much lighter grain ration than this, and brought it through to spring fat and glossy. The weather has been excessively wet for six weeks past with us, so that none of our corn will do to grind, and I have been feeding soft-ear corn, but as soon as corn is dry enongh X shall have a lot ground and lay - in bran, and pat my cattle on this ration again, and will report in the spring how they do. If they come through in good condition I shall be greatly pleased. for mv corn fodder is badly damaged by the wet weather and I haveo clover hay. 1 presume mat our western farmers are more careless in the mat- tar of sheltering cattle than those of XUMBEPw 28. the older settled states. At any raie there is qnite a large per cent, of them whoso cattle are always lighter in the spring than they were the previous fall, so that a month or six weeks of the best grazing season of the whole year is gone beiore they make up in the spring the flesh lost during the winter. It would be much better to have no cattre-'ahall except what - are needed to. supply the family than manage them in this way. Tens f thousands of cattle are solcf every year from farms worth $50 and" upward an an acre, which do not -pay over $1 per month for their keeping from birth to the day of sale, and the winter management is to a great extent the cause of this. The only way to make money out of cattle is to have first, good stockj and secondly, give it good care. ,- : Fertilizers. The seience of fertilizers is now well TrtAiePsiood. Few farmers under take to farm withoutthem for they know their use to be profitable, directly and indirectly. .Not only is the present crop benefited by them, but succeeding crops , also for it seldom happens that all of a fertilizer is used up the first year. Numerous instances might be named fo demonstrate the value of this or that fertilizer. A notable one occurred the present year. A neighbor fertilized a part only of his peanut crop, leaving the rest to the natural resources of the field. The part not fertilized pro-e duced an average of fifty-six shocks of peanuts per acre,-while the fertilized portion produced 5 ninety shocks, and the peas of the latter were not only bc-tter, but more to the vine. This shows a gain of over 71 per cent, in favor of fertilizers. Many such instances will occur to the mind of every reader. : But fertilizers .are not always profita ble. Sometimes they fail to show any gain whatever. How is this accounted for? Observation, has shown that in the latter case the soil itself to which the fertilizer was applied was deficient. It lacked organic matter. Here. then, is the key to the matter. Fertilizers are profitable, but they do not con stitute the whole science of manuring. They are good as a helper, a finisher off, a. complement, to go along with organic matter, but they, are never profitable ou a soil exhausted of humus. It is only when the mauurial condition of the soil is kept up by home resources that it pays to employ fertilizers of any grade or name,- We say this much in behalf of fertil izers in general. We are far from saying that there is not, after all, a great deal of humbnggcry about fertil izers. Farmers have been- most shamefully swindled before now, no doubt, in some of them. We are just as far from- saying that farmers could not themselves manufacture, as good fertilizers concentrated fertilizers at home. When a fertilizing company grinds np simple marl to mix .with prepared bone and a little bit of dried blooii, and sells it as a first-class fertilizer, there is nothing in the process that a farmer could not do for himself. We believe farmers have often paid too dear for this fertilizer whistle 'the 'shops have been so eager, to -JL them. They, could have made a better and a cheaper -article at home. But this does not alter the case as to the importance of fertilizers in con centrated form. It only shows whore in farmers have been remiss. Tho farmer should make his own dry fertil izers and know what he is using, and not allow other men to mix articles. -the character of which he is ignorant of. - We are told that he can not do it, that he lacks the machinery. Not so. It is not neceary that he should hare the machinery of the shops in order to manipulate a fertilizer. A common apple mill is all the - machinery tho farmer needs to enable him to make a first-class concentrated plant fod. With this he can crush old mortar, marl, bones, and shells; with this ho can grind dried animal manures to mix with the plaster, both to be ground together; with this he can mix a -variety of things, putting them in easy shape for sowing in drill. The anplc niill has other uses -than to crush fruit. The farmer can make his fertilizer in winter when out-door work is stopped. Keeping Hoots. Succulent roots, as turnips, beets, carrots, and parsnips, require two essentials -for keeping through the winter a cool temperature, and a sufficiently moist surrounding to pre vent withering or drying up. Warmth and moisture acting together produce rot; warmth and a dry air cause speedy shriveling, lloots which arc not in jured by freezing when compactly sur rounded with earth may be left in the ground all winter where they grew such, for instance, as the parsnip, which is all the better in quality for the freezing which it gets. The carrot will sometimes pass the winter in tho same way, but more frequently it is rotted. But this treatment will not answer if the roots are dug aud then buried in earth and afterward frozen. They must remain where they grew; and as they-have gradually enlarged" in growth, they have crowded and -pressed the earth outward, and thus left no interstices. An unbroken face of earth surrounds them. i.ven pota- toes may be frozen without much harm if thus "left and thawed in the soil where the tubers grew, but any crevices or interstices in the soil will spoil them. These facts teach some useful prac tices in storing roots for Winter. Sach , as turnips and parsnips, whieh shrivel easily, must be well "aud compactly, surrounded with a porous, moist sub stance, as tine as pulverized moss, slightly damp sawdust, or peat- Those, which do not require "moisture, such as potatoes, will keep well if only alwavs cool (not cold.) On the other hand, winter fruit, like Baldwin, greening, " and Russet" apples, may be packed in dry bran or dry forest Ieaveg, which will partly protect them froni cold currents of air, and prevent rotting 'or" wilting. .... -The same general principle will apply-to the roots of nursery I revs. V xhose which remain in the ground through winter havti the rKts and the ; soil in which they !?rev thoroughly frozen, but no, uaru happen to heia if they thaw in the ground. . V 1