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IOLA, ALLEN COUNTY, KANSAS, DECEMBER 27, 1878.
NUMBER 1.
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URRENT EVENTS.
The joint committee on the reorgani
zation of the Army has made its report,
accompanied by a bill to effect the de
sired changes, to Cach House of Congress.
The Teport i3 unanimous, there having
been an earnest desire on the part of
every member of the committee to ar
rive at a satisfactory and comprehen
sive measure. The scheme contem
plates a considerable redaction in the
number of officers, but the strength of
the enlisted men is fixed at 25,000, with
provision for a material increase if it
should prove at any time necessary.
A sensational report comes by cable
of the discovery of important evidence
bearing upon the recent attempted as
sassinations in Germany, Russia, Spain,
and Italy, from which it would appear
that the individual assassinators were
only the tools of a Communistic society,
having its headquarters in Switzerland,
the object of which is, after getting all
the Kings and Emperors out of the way,
to set up a universal European Repub
lic, based upon the most radical Com
munistic principles. The Society is
said to be composed of men of intelli
gence and brains professors, scholars
and politicians and its ramifications
extend into the highest societies of the
various countries in Europe, and even
the armies are suspected to be not en
tirely free from its dangerous influence.
The bill introduced by Senator
Grover to regulate employment of labor
on public works of the United States,
prohibits employment of any person
who is not a citizen of the United States,
or who has not declared his intention to
become a citizen, under penalty of for
feiture by Government officer or con
tractor of all moneys paid, or contract-
"". jje paid, for labor of any alien em
rd in contravention of this prohibi
tion m ....
The Committee on Banking and Cur
rency will report a oiil prohibiting the
accumulation of Government funds in
National Banks. It is shown by the of
ficial record, according to Judge Bvck
ncr, Chairman of the Committee, that
the First National Bank of New York
had atone time over forty-five millions
of dollars, and has now fully twenty
millions in its vaults.
The Treasury Department, in order
to stimulate sales of 4 per-cent. bonds,
contemplates fixing commissions on sub
scriptions up to June 30,1879, as follows :
On subscriptions from $100,000 to 81,
000,000, one-eighth of one per cent. ;
from 81,000,000 to $10,000,000, one
fourth of one per cent. ; and on amounts
in excess of $10,000,000, an additional
commission of one-tenth of one per
cent.
The United States Supreme Court has
affirmed the decision of the Supreme
Court of the State of Kansas in the case
of the Kansas Pacific Railway Company
versus the Missouri, Kansas and Texas
Railway Company, involving the title
to 90.C00 acres of land in Kansas. The
decision is in favor of the Kansas Pa-
cific.
Parliament has adjourned until Feb.
13, after passing, without division, Earl
Stanhope's resolution for the defrayal
of the expenses of the Afghan war from
the Indian revenues.
Gold sold at par in New York on Dec
17, for tho first time since the suspen
sion of specie payments in 1872.
.
Tho Secret-service Division of the
Treasury Department will, on the first
of January, be placed under the direc
tion of Assistant Secretary Hawley.
Alarming destitution prevails through
out the Island of Great Britain. In
the House of Commons, on the night of
the 18th, the Homo Secretary, answer
ing the inquiry "whether it was true,
as reported, that we are now face to
face with such a crisis of distress as this
generation has never known," acknowl
edged the distress to be great, but
thought the reported suffering to be ex
aggerated. Nevertheless, distress meet
ings were being held at all the large
cities, seeking to provide means for re
lief.
The total receipts of hogs at Kansas
City, from January 1 -to December 18,
were 404,989, against 193,860 for the
same time last year. Since the open
ing of the beef-packing season there
have been 14.613 head of cattle killed by
packers ana aressea-beef operators.
Near Gallipoli, the afternoon of the
19th, the steamer Byzantin, from Mar.
seilles for Constantinople, sank in a
collision, and 150 lives were lost. Of
164 persons on board, 14 only escaped.
The loss of life by the sinking of
thesteamcr Byzantin was fortunately
not so great as at first reported. The
steamer Rinaldo, with which she collid
ed, has arrived at Constantinople, and
her Captain reports 90 persons saved
from the sinking vessel.
It was officially telegraphed from Ber
lin, on the 19th, that Bayard Taylor,
Minister of tho .United States to Ger
many, died at 4 o'clock that afternoon.
The fatal symptoms came on suddenly.
He had been out of bed and was trans
acting business with officials of the
American Legation tho previous, day.
unless.
it has ad-
ice to the
ft X jLm?XiZz sag---ri ir
Legation of the United. States at Berlin,
expressing profound regret at the death
of Bayard Taylor. The newspapers
publish leading articles eulogistic of the
late Minister. The funeral services took
place on Sunday, the 22 J, with imposing
ceremonies. The remains will be trans
ported to America.
Tho Southern Pacific Railroad is now
completed to Gila City, 22 miles by
stage from Yuma, but only fourteen and
a half by the railroad. The grading
and track-laying will average a mile per
day to Maricopa, about 170 miles by the
survey, but 191 by the stage-road. This
will bring the road to that point (its
temporary eastern terminus) by tha
early part of May. Tucson then will
be within 18 hours1 stage-ride from the
terminus, San Xavier within 20, and
Santa Rita, with the famous Toltec and
Aztec group of ruins, within SO hours1
ride, and- the Mexican frontier within
the same time.
The United State Treasurer ex
pects to have, by .the 1st of January, ex
clusive of all demands, $135,000,000 of
coin with which to resume specie pay
ments. The House sub-committees to Visit
Memphis and New Orleans during the
holiday recess to investigate the causes
of yellow fever are: -Messrs. Garfield,
Chittenden and Morse at Memphis, and
Messrs. Gibson, Hooker and Young at
New Orleans.
The President, on the 19th, sent to the
Senate, by request of that body, a mes
sage, accompanied by reports of the
Secretary of State and Postmaster-General,
in reference to commercial and
postal intercourse between the United
States and South American countries.
Tho Jury in the case of James E.
Whalen against Gen. Sheridan, on trial
in the United States Circuit Court, at
New York, brought in a verdict-for the
defendant. The suit was for the recov
ery of over $400,000 for tho seizure of
the Killona plantation in St. Charles
Parish, La in August, 18G7, and the
ejectment of Whalen by military order
of Gen. Sheridan, who was then Mili
tary Governor. A motion will be made
for a new trial.
The great Illinois and St.Louis Bridge,
built by Captain Eads at a cost of $7,
000,000, was sold at auction on the 20th,
for $2,000000. The purchaser was Mr.
Anthony J. Thomas, of New York, act
ing as representative for the bondhold
ers. A new company has been organ
ized, with Solon Humphreys, of New
York, as President.
It is officially reported that instruc
tions have been sent to the Russian Mis
sion at Cabul to withdraw. It is ru
mored that the Ameer has fled, leaving
his son, Yakoob Khan, in power. The
British forces are advancing from Jella
labad. Great excitement exists in St. Peters
burg on account of tho Government's
efforts to suppress meetings of students.
The lecture halls have been closed, and
all meetings are prohibited, in the Uni
versities as well as outsiue. ihe car
rying of arms is prohibited except by
express authorization.
Among the many mentioned in con
nection with the Berlin mission, made
vacant by the death of Bayard Taylor,
are ex-Minister Washburne and Judge
Lawrence, of Illinois, and Gov. Hart-
ranf t, of Pennsylvania. It is understood
that Mr. George W. Curtis, of New
York, could have the mission if he de
sired it, but will not accept.
Gen. Miles has offered as a suggestion '
to the Congressional Indian Transfer
Committee, that the roving bands of In
dians be turned over to the-Army, to be
governed by martial law, while the In
dians on reservations remain under the
Indian Bureau.
Governor Anthony, of Kansas, dur
ing his recent visit to Washington, se
cured the assent of the Government to
surrender to the State authorities of the
Cheyenne Chiefs who instigated the re
cent massacres. He also succeeded in
securing from the Secretary of War ad
ditional troops for the protection of the
southwestern border of the State.
Representative Alphens S. Williams,
of the Detroit, Mich., District, died in
Washington on the 21st, and Represen
tative Beverly B. Douglas, of Virginia,
died on tho 22d.
MINOR NOTES.
The failures are announced ot Fox, "Wal
ker & Co., ot tho Atlas Engine Works, Bris
tol, En?., with liabilities of 60,000; of Zu-
bind & Co., iron ore importer, of Cardiff,
"Wale, and Newport, Eng., and of Hirsch,
Stockholm, with 3,000,000 crowns liabilities.
Jack Kehoe, the acknowledged "King of
the Mollie Haguires," was hanged at Potts
HIe;Pa., on the 18th.
Governor Gerber, of Nebraska, has offered
a reward of $10,000 for the apprehension of
the gang of villains who burned Ketchnm
and Mitchell alive, in Custer County, not
long ago.
The President has nominated L. Bradford
Prince, New York, to be Chief -Justice of
the Supreme Court of New Mexico, and Au
gustus J. Cassard, Louisiana, Consul at
Tampieo.
Lieut-Co!. B. S. Alexander, senior officer
of the Engineer Corps, TJ. S. A., died in San
Francisco on tho 16th, aged 59.
Mr. B. H. Eddins, Judge of Elections at
Bartlelt, Tenn., has been convicted by the
United States Circuit Court at Memphis of
fraudulently stuffing a ballot-box with
Democratic tickets at the last-Presidential
election.
Rudolph ,Fink, of Alexandria, Va., has
been elected General Manager ot the Mem
phis and Little Bock Railroad, vice Col. H.
Frichard, deceased.
Nine murders are reported to have been
committed in Western Nebraska in a single
week, and the Governor declares that owing
to want of money be is powerless to bring
the assassins to punishment.
It is reported that strenuous efforts are be
ing made by the friends of ex-Postmaster
Filley of St. Louis to defeat the confirmation
of Postmaster Bays
The Senate has confirmed Aaron H. Cra
gin, of New Hampshire, John Coburn, of
Indiana, andMarcellus L. Stearns, of Flori
da, to be Commissioners of Hot Springs)
Ark. ; Lewis Wallace, of Indiana, to be Gov
ernor of 2!ew Mexico, vice Sam'l B. Axtcll,
suspended under the Tenure-of -office act;
and Col.Bandolph B.Maroy to be Inspector
General of the Army, with rank of Brigadier-General.
At Boston, on Sunday morning, the 15th,
Charles Callahan shot his brother-in-law,
Patrick Cain, four times while the latter
Was in bed, and afterward cut his own
throat, dying almost instantly. Both were
sporting men.
The Senate Yellow Fever Committee has
appointed Messrs. Harris, Matthews and
Conover a sub-comraltte to visit Memphis
during the holiday recess, and Messrs. Eus-
tis, Lamar and Paddock to visit New Or
leans at the same time.
At Meridian) Texas, on the evening of
Sunday, the i5tb, while most of the citizens
were at church, a band of 50 masked men
forcibly entered the jail and riddled with
buck-shot two of the prisoners, Mont, and
Tom Barrels.
On the 17th, as George Rowland was quiet
ly riding into the town of Caldwell, Texas,
be was met in the street by Sidney T. Hud
son, who, deliberately 'raising a shot-gun,
fired and shot Rowland dead. Hudson al
leged Rowland had seduced his sister.
The body of Michael Nepham, cook in a
restaurant, was found under the ruins of a
block of small tenements rt Fort Worth,
Texas, on the 16th. It was supposed he was
murdered and the murderer set the house
en fire to cover up the crime. A man
named Saffroe, proprietor of the restaurant,
was arrested on suspicion.
Lee Armstrong, residing near Benson,
Ivy., was out hunting with a man named
Lillis, and while Lillis was attempting to
climb a stone fence his gun accidentally
went off, and the contents lodged in young
Armstrong's abdomen. He died in an hour
afterwards.
Senator Tburman declines to be the Dem
ocratic candidate for Governor of Ohio.
The Committee on Banking and Curren
cy, before adournment,resolved to lay aside
all bills before the Committee until the third
Wednesday in January.
The funeral of the late Princess Alice
took place at Darmstadt on the 18th. The
Prince of Wales, and Prince Leopold were
present as representatives ot Queen Victo
ria. The city put on a general appearance
of mourning. In London, minute-guns
were fired in the parks during the funeral
ceremonies.
Ex-Go ernor Curtin, of the Twentieth
Pennsylvania District, has served a for
mal notice of contest on Yocura (Republi
can and National) for a seat lnthe next Con
gress. Henry E. Hoy, of the publishing firm of
Gait & Hoy, New York, committed suicide
recently on account of financial trouble.
Miss Mattie Todd, a niece of Mrs. Abra
ham Lincoln, is an applicant for the Post
office at Cynthiana, Ky.
The banking-house of C. F. Adae & Co.,
Cincinnati, suspended on the 18th. Liabili
ties $780,000, and assets about $400,000. The
creditors are mostly Germans. The failure
created great excitement, and will doubtless
cause much financial distress among the
smaller depositors.
The statement of the condition of the
Massachusetts savings-banks shows a loss
of deposits during the past year of $27,300,-
000.
GustinE. Colburn, a former Washington
correspondent of the New York Times, and
later Consul-General to Mexico, died of
consumption at the City of Mexico on the
2d Inst.
An aggravated case of grave robbery has
recently occurred at Evansville, Ind., where
Mrs. Frank M. Murphy discovered the body
ot her husband, which had been buried only
a few days previously, in the college dissecting-room,
horribly mutilated, but still re
cognizable. At Cleveland, O., on the 19th, Dr. George
W. Angler, a well known veterinary sur
geon, was shot and killed by a pistol in the
hands of John W. Rice. The parties were
intimate friends, and Rice claims that the
shooting was accidental.
AtFreichIers,nearAIlentown, Pa., on the
19th, Mrs. Menlch was fatally burned while
trying to extinguish the burning clothing of
her young child. The latter was also burn
ed to death.
At Cohoes, N. Y., on the night of the 19tb,
Patrick Rourke and his entire family of five
children were burned to death in their own
house.
At Cape Girardeau, Mo., on the evening of
the 19th, Wash I vers, a porter at the Frank
lin House, shot his wife and then himself.
Both shots were instantly fatal. Intemper
ance and conjugal unhappiness was the
cause.
The President has nominated John P.
Hoyt, of Michigan, Associate Justice of
Washington Territory.
Ignatius Donnelly, Democrat, will contest
the seat ot W. D. Washburn, Republican,
returned to Congress from the St. Paul,
Minn., District
Charges against Judge Blodgett, ot Chi
cago, have been presented to the House of
Representatives, with a' view of impeach
ment. On account ot the gravity ot the
charges, Speaker Randall decided not to
make them public until after Congress re
convenes. At Nicholson ville, Ky., on the 21st, Charles
Campbell stabbed James Hawkins in the
arm and then cut his throat, causing death
In three minutes. Campbell is a negro and
was enraged at Hawkins because of the lat
ter's interference ift the procurement by
Campbell of a license to marry a grass-
widow. Campbell made his escape.
In a ten-pin alley at Crockett, Texas,
on the 21st, W. A. Hall struck James H.
Wall in the head with a ten-pin ball, frac
turing his skull and causing death. The
murderer was arrested and held in $2,000
bail. L
The members of the Canvassing Board of
Brevard County, Florida, havo been Indict
ed by the United States Grand Jury for
making fraudulent returns, and aro in jail
at Jacksonville, in default of $3,000 bail
each. .,
The Grand Jury in the United States Cir
cuit Court has indicted B. W. Arnold,
Henry Birdson and J. S: Ellis for violation
of the election laws in the ejection of P'etcr
W. Robinson, United States Supervisor ot
Election, from voting predncts at Wavcrly
Station, Sussex County, Va.
John W. Rice, wha shot and killed, acci-
dentally, as he claimed, his friend George
W. Angler, in Cleveland, on the 10th has
been arrested for murder. Angler lived
long enough to make a statement, to the ef
fect that Ride had been jealous of his (An
gler's) attentions to Mrs. Rice, and that he
had on several occasions threatened to shoot
him.
Stephen D. Richards; who murderedMrs.
Harrison and her three children in Kearney
County, Neb., on Nov. 2 last, and subse
quently poisoned Peter Anderson, a neigh
bor, and then fled the State, was arrested
at Mount Pleasant, O., his former resi
dence, on the 21st, and has since been
surrendered to the Nebraska authorities.
Richards lived with Mrs. Harrison on the
Nebraska farm and murdered her and her
children in order to gain possession of her
homestead. He secreted the remains of his
victims in a haystack, and there being no
near neighbors the murders were not dis
covered until the 9th of December, upon
which day Richards poisoned Anderson and
made his escape.
At Fort Smith, Ark., on the 20th, John
Postoaksj a Creek Indian) and James Diggs,
a negro, were hanged on tho same gallows.
Postoaks murdered John Ingley, in October,
1877, and Diggs murdered J. C. Gould in
August, 1873.
The Indianapolis Savings Bank has sus
pended payment. It is claimed that all in
debtedness will ultimately De paid in run.
The Duke of Cumberland ohd the Princess
Thyra, of Dsnmarkj were married with
great pomp at the chapel of Christiansborg
Castle, Copenhagen, on the evening of the
21st-
iii
FORTY-FOURTH CONGRESS.
In the Senate, on the 17th, after the pas
sage of the Consular and Diplomatic Appro
priation bill, and the House hill changing
the time tor noiamg terms oi me unitcu
States Circuit Court for the District of West
Virginia, consideration was resumed of Mr.
Blaino's resolution rertardlnR the consti
tutional rights ot citizens. Mh Blaine's
amendment authorising the committee to
take testimony and to administer oaths and
Tisit any portion ot the country, when such
visit mnyintheii: judgnlent facilitate the ob
ject of the inquiry, was agreed to without
division, and the resolution as amended was
also agreed to, SS to 6... .....In the House,
tho majority and, niinority reports
on the Geneva Awitrd bill were
taken up and discussed, after wh.ch
the House went into Committee, of the Whole
on the bill appropriating $430,000 to meet the
deficiency in the appropriation for the Tostal
Mail Service, and prohibiting any increase in
the postal-car service during the present
j ear. Several omeudments were rejected,
the Committee rose, and the House passed
the bill.
In the Senate, on thel8tb,tho House bill
(riving twenty condemned cannon to tho Cus
ter Monument at Wcsf Point, passed; also
House joint resolution appropriating $5i,C00
ior tho purpose of paying necessary ex
penses incurred by tho committee of, tho
Senate and House in investigating the
cause and pretention of epidemic diseases.
Without material amendment the Pension
Appropriation bill passed, and the Senate ad
Innrned In the House, the Senate amend
ment tn tho Adlntirnmcnt resolution, extend
ing the recess from December 30 to January 7,
was concurred in, and the bill appropriating
$50,1X0 for tho expenses ot tho Committee on
Yellow Fever Epidemic, passed. The
Indian Appropriation bill was dis
cussed in Committee of this Whole.
tbut without action the Committee
rose, and the joint resolution extending un
til February 1 the time within which the joint
committee on the transfer of the Indian Bu
reau mav report was passed. Bills were in
troduced by Mr. Hyan: Giving jurisdiction
to the District and Circuit Courts of Kansas
over the Indian Territory; by Mr. Corbett:
For the improvement of the Yellowstone
National Park. Adjourned.
In the Senate, on the 18tb) the House bill
appropriating $150,006 for iho transportation
of mails by railroads passed ; also the House
bill to amend the act of June 20, 1878, and to
in tne rate oi interest on uonos antnonzea
by said act to be issued by Commissioners
o?S
tne jjisinct ot joiumoia ana ior
other purposes In the House. Mr. J. U.
Young took the seat made vacant by the
death of J." !. Leonard, of the Fifth Louisiana
District. The Indian Appropriation bill
passed after an amendment prohibiting tho
removal of Indians of Arlsona and Xew Mex
ico to the Indian Territory.
In the Senate, on the 20th, no business of
importance was transacted. An executive
session was held and the Senate adjourned
to January 7, 1879 In the House, bills au
thorizing payment to the State of Tennessee
for keeping United States military prisoners ;
constituting Portsmouth, O., a port of deliv
ery, and removtdg the political disabilities of
J. M. Bell, of Georgia, William Ward, of Vir
ginia, and M. Kimball, of Missouri, passed.
Tho morning hour having expired the Speak
er laid before the Honse several communi
cations, among them one from Secretary
Sherman in answer to a resolution calling for
information as to what balance on loan ac
counts was standing to the credit of the
United States in any National bank from
March, 1876, to the present time. The letter
states that there were no balances on loan
accounts standing to the credit of the
United States Treasurer In any Nation
al bank from March, 1876, to January, 1878,
and inclo-cs a list of National Bank depos
itories with the balance and loan account held
from February. 1878, to December, 1878. The
banks which held sncli balances had been
made depositories under the law. The large
balance held by the First National Bank,
Xnxr York, was CAtiflpd hv thn tnmnnrArv rin.
posits of tho proceeds oi i per cent, bonds
and largo subscriptions of that bank to the 4-
per cent. loan. After some little discussion,
the House adjourned to January 7.
,
"Better Call Her a Woman."
Mr. Justice Neilson, of Brooklyn, told
a lawyer in the court the other day that
he would better call a woman who had
been on the witness-stand as a woman,
and not a lady. "Better call her a
woman," said th Justice, " God made
a woman, but a lady is only a modern
fixture in a fine dress." This is a sound
doctrine, and comes appropriately from
a bench of justice. There is no easier
method of becoming confused as to what
is legal and what is illegal, what is right
and what is wrong, than the habitual
misuse of words. "Theft" is a good
word, because it does not disguise the
moral character of the act which it de
scribes; but ."misappropriation" is a
bad word, because its meaning is uncer
tain, and it conveys only a slight notion
of the moral quality of the act which it
stands for. It is not likely that any one
will be madoa thief by using the word
"lady" for "woman," but in nine cases
cut of ten the employment of the word
"lady" is vulgar, and upon ceneral
principles the practice should be con
demned as part of an inflated, extrava
gant and deceptivo manner of speech.
jscw iotk evening rost.
in
An important discovery of Roman
sculptures belonging to the second centu
ry A. D. has been made at Neumagen
on theMOselle. Their subjects arc of
much interest, indicating among other
matters ihat even in those days vine
culture formed the chief occupation of
the dwellers on the Moselle.
:popular SCIfNCE.
Revivification bt Milk. Dr.
Brown Sequard, in a late letter to the
French Biological Society, states that
milk, moderately warmed, if injected
slowly into a human artery, will revive
a dying patient quite as much as injec
tions of blood, fie cites a number of
cases in which he has successfully tried
the eiperimenti
DnrrTNa Nails bt MachISEBt.
There was on exhibition at the Paris
Exposition a flooring-Tnachino called a
" nail gun," tne invention oi a young
man of New Zealand, named F. Falk
ner. The New Zealand Times speaks
of it as follows : We have seen the im
plement in use, and as far as wo are
able to judge it is quicker in its work,
and insures greater cleanliness, than
hand nailing could do. The apparatus
is not unlike a gun in shape; and is
about the same length. It is kept in
position with the foot and knee, and the
nail to be placed (point down) in an ap
erture at the top of the concern. It
slides down to the bottom,' and then
the operator draws up a rod, and by one
downward stroke of this the nail is
cleanly driven into the boards beneath.
A practiced hand, bv this simple con
trivance, could do the work of half a
dozen men. We believe that Air. ia.iK
ner is now improving upon his inven
tion, and "is making rt "nail gun'1
which will be self-feeding. We have no
doubt that when the implement comes
to.be generally known it will be brought
into general use.
Artificial Indigo. The most nota
ble achievinent in synthetic chemistry
since 1868 has just been made b Pro
fessor A: Baeyei", Professor Liebig's
successor at Munich. For the past 20
years he has been studying the constitu
tion of indigo, and at a late session of
the German Chemical Society ho an
nounced the completion of his task in
the discovery of the last link in the
chain of synthetic reactions leading to
the artificial formation of that impor
tant dye-stuff. This discovery ranks
with that of Professors Gracbe and
Liebermann in 1868, by which artificial
madder was substituted in the arts for
the natural product, hitherto the only
instance of the kind in the history of
chemistry. As yet the operations in
volved in this synthesis are too numer
ous and too costly to alldw their practi
cal application in the arts; yet there is
reason to expect that cheaper methods
will be devised, as" was the case with ar
tificial madder products, and iht be
fore many years a new and important
industry will be developed. At the
same time tho present occupation of
many people will be destroyed, and
large areas now devoted to the cultiva
tion of indigo will have to be put to
other uses.
TnE Sun Put to Domestic tist.
Among tho scientific discoveries, intro
duced to the public at the Paria Exhibi
tion of 18"8, there are none more inter
esting and more worthy of attention
than the invention of M. Alouchot, a
professor at the lyeee of Tours. M.
Mouchot has been experimenting with
the sun j and tho results of his experi
ments are eminently satisfactory. He
ha3, in short; established the utility of
the heat of the' great luminary for prac
tical purposes as a domestic and scien
tific agent So much M. Mouchot has
accomplished by the construction of a
simple and ingenious apparatus for at
tracting the sun's rays. This apparatus
i3 nothing more than au inverted sky
light with bright internal partitions,
and an opening directed towards the
sun. The rays, attracted to the surface,
concentrate at tho center, to the sf ot
where the lamp is placed in an ordinary
8ky-light,and a tempeiature is produced
sufficient according to the utensils em
ployedto cook a mutton-chop or a rib
of beef. With the use of a vaso of water,
a sort of boiler has been improvised,
and M. Mouchot has worked .a small
machine by steam generated by the sun.
These experiments have attracted the
attention of the scientific world. Phy
sicians and engineers have remarked the
fruitful source of application and econo
my in M. Mouchot's discovery. A scien
tific mission was set on foot in Algeria
in 1877, and M. Mouchot profited by the
splendid advantages offered bv the
French colony for investigations of this
character. The results of this mission
in Algeria were magnificent, and with a
perfected apparatus M. Mouchot baked
bread and meats, and boiled potatoes
and eggs, with a speed that the best of
cooks and the brightest of fires could
not attain. He distilled the' juice of
figs from which an alcoholic drink is
made in Algeria in a very short time,
and the heat of the sun, by tho vapori
zation of water, performed the part of a
motive power with marked success.
The results of these experiments have
lately been communicated to the French
Academy of Science, and, to encourage
the practical and economical applica
tions of the sun's heat, the Conseil Gen
eral of Algeria has voted 5,000 fr. for
the construction of the proper appartus.
This apparatus has been sent to the Ex
hibition. It does not require a very
lively imagination to foresee the bene
fits to which tnese researches may leau,
not so much in our own temperate clime,
perhaps, as in those tropical regions
where the sun pours down a torrent of
heat, which, till now, nature alone has
employed in the production of an exu
berant vegetation.
n
Ice and Ice-Houses.
The ice harvest is notfar off, and now
is the time to make preparations for its
storage. Ice is the cheapest' of luxuries.
The earth yields no crop with less out
lay. It requires no seed, no planting,
no cultivation. One does not need even
a rod of land on which to grow this
crop. It is produced on the public do
main of our lakes and rivers in quanti
ty immensely beyond demand. Ail that
is required of the consumer is that he
shall harvest and store it. There are
niggardly men in the world, but we
nave never Known one so mean as io
act the part of the doe in the manger,
and not allow the public to help them
selves to all the ice they pleased from
tho lake or river contiguous to hises
.tate. But notwithstanding the abundance
and cheapness of this product,,compar
atively few farmers avail themselves of
its comforts. Probably .one reason is,
they do not know how great a comfort
and convenience ice is. Let them try
it for a season or two, and they would
not know how to get along without it.
Tho luxury would become a necessity.
In like manner the Esquimaux do not
appreciate the comfort there is in a coal
stove. II they could enjoy one for a
short season, it would be the last piece
of furniture in the hut with which they
would be willing to part. If there ever
was a family that was willing to part
with the luxury of Ice after a fair expe
rience of its comforts, it must have been
an odd one. I have never known such
a case. " It is one of the evidences of the
progress of the age that the market for
ice increases each year. Our cities have
long enjoyed tho luxury but in the
country, where ice grows on almost
every farm, certainly in every neigh
borhood, an ice-house was seldom seen
before the last half of the present cen
tury. Now every considerable village
has its ice-peddler, and progressive far
mers are providing themselves with ice
houses. The advancing civilization
brings few greater blessings.
More farmers would doubtless avail
themselves of tho comforts of ice, if they
were not under the impression that its
storage requires a complicated and ex
pensive building, an underground apart
ment lined with charcoal, saw-dust, or
some other non-conductor of heat, for
Its preservation. This was the old the
ory, but it Is found that ico keeps just
as wen aoovc grouna as Deiow; in iaci,
a little better, for it is more easy to ward
off the heat of the air than the heat of
the earth. All that is required for the
preservation of ice is a shelter from the
rain and protection from the heat of air
ana enrtn. Any oia sneu wm answer
for an ice-house, and as farmers have
teams, and the winter is comparatively
a season of leisure with them, there is no
reason why they should not participate
in the ico blessing. Tho hauling of
wood, which formerly gave occupation
to farmers in winter, is much diminish
ed, and the hauling of ice can profitably
take its place.
Having had somo experience in hand
ling ice, I venture to give it for the ben
efit of the uninitiated. My first ice
house, built some 80 years since, was
constructed, according to the fashion of
those times, in the ground, and, as I
had noticed that the planks -used for the
sides of similar structures soon rotted,
I determined to have something more
permanent, and so built up the sides of
ray dug-ont with chestnut saplings, six
or seven inches in diameter, laid up
leg-house fashion. As a farther pro
tection to tho ice. I furred out my un
derground log-house, and lined it with
planks, filling the space between the
planks and logs with fine charcoal.
This structure gave me space for 1,000
cubic feet of ice, tho interior measure
ment being 10 feet deep and the same in
length and breadth more than a suf
ficient capacity for the supply of an or
dinary family. This house kept the ice
very well, but the damp air soon rotted
the planks, and after a few years the
chestnut logs began to decay. No wood
work can long stand contact with moist
earth and air.
My second ice-house was also built in
the ground, but tho walls were laid up
with stone, the sides furred out as be
fore and tilled in between the stone and
planks with sawdust a much cleaner
and juat as cilicicnt a non-conductor of
heat. This house also kept ice well,
and hw been in use a score of years;
but there is no necessity of going into
snuh an expense for storine ice. My
neighbors making demands on me for
ice oeyona tne capacity oi my uen
house, I stored a quantity in the bay
of an old barn, and protecting it well
with sawdust, found that it kept just as
well as in a more elaborate structure
The great ice-houses of the companies
that supply our cities and large villages,
are always built above ground, and
many of them are very rude structures,
built of rough boards in the cheapest
manner possible.
It was formerly supposed that the roof
of an ioc-housc must be doubly boarded
and filled in between the boards with
some non-conductor, but this is waste
labor. All that is wanted of a roof isto
keep off the rain. A close air over ice
is a damaco to it. Good ventilation
keeps the sawdust dry and porous, mak
ing it a better conductor.
For a farmer who has no vacant shed
in which to store ice, or much money
to wate on this luxury, I recommend
that he build a rude structure, In some
convenient but not prominent place,
twelve feet square on the ground, with
posts ten feet high, double boarding it,
and filling in between the boards with
sawdnst. The roof may be boarded or
shingled, as he pleases. If the former,
the cracks should be battened. The
ground should be covered also with saw
dust, to the depth of six inches, to pre
vent the heat of the earth from melting
the ice. Such a structure will hold a
little over thirty tons of ice more than
enough for an ordinary family, and
giving a good margin for the accommo
datum of neighbors.
One of the great secrets of keeping
ice is to pacK it wen. xue cmw buuiuu
be cut of uniform size two feet long by
fifteen inches wide is a convenient size
for handling and in packing care
should be taken to fill up all the inter
stices with broken ice, and "to break
joints," as the masons say. This pre
vents the circulation of air through the
mass. Each layer should be Kept level,
and if between each layer there is a lit
tle pounded ice, the cakes will come out
all the better when needed for use. Of
course over the top layer there should
be a covering of sawdust sixinches deep.
If ice packed in this manner does not
keep as long as it is wanted, it will
probably be in consequence of wasteful
consumption in the house. Alex, ffyde,
in Country Gentleman.
In many respects the present must
be a far more agreeable period for roy
alty to live in than the past. They can
have so much more lifo and variety.
Poor Marie Antoinette, whoso very zest
in living led her into a thousand indis
cretions, would have worked off her su
perabundant energy in these days by
foreign excursions, vachtins, hunting,
etc. The Empress of Austria, that hor
siest of royal ladies, spent last year near
Melton, England, and the year before in
Northamptonshire. Now she ia under
way ior tne uounty Meam, lreiana,
which is second to no hunting, country
in Christendom.
1879.
JANUARY.
JULY.
FEBRUARY.
AUGUST.
2
9
IS
151011
2217
23
27:
24
261271281
II
MARCH.
SEPTEMBER.
1
S
8 7
1514
10
13
17
20
,91
22 21
2324
29 28!
0
APRIL.
OCTOBER.
1
3
4
7 8
12
5
10
11
1415
19
12
19
16117
18
2i 2
S3
24
25
2829
6
3031
MAY.
NOVEMBER.
sis
w
q
1
8
4' 5
OHM
2
9
1112
1617
15
1810
232
4116
22
29
252627
I3031S3
2728
PUNGENT PABAGKAPHS.
Motto for a toper: Mind your rye.
"Phil, my jewel," said Pat, "I'm
mighty sorry ye can't dine with me to
day." "Arrah, and why can't I dine
with ye?" said the astonished Phil.
"Because, my dear," returned Pat, "I
haven't asked ye as yet."
Man may be the noblest work on cre
ation, but he doesn't think about it, and
he doesn't look it, when, on hearing his
name called in the street, he turns and
finds that it is only somebody calling bis
dog.
I qayk her a rose and gave her
a ring, and I asked her to marry me
then, bnt she sent them all back, the
insensible thing, and said she'd no no
tion of men. I told her I had oceans
of money and goods, tried to frighter
her bad 1
she wasn't
be scared
called her a baggage, and every thing
bad, I slighted her features ana iorm;
till at length I succeeded in getting her
mad, and she raged like the sea In a
storm. And then in a moment I turn
ed and smiled, and called her my angel
and all : she fell in my arms like a wear
isome child, and exclaimed, " We will
marry this fall."
love's Totnro DRKAX.
Strophe.
A young man woke with the kiss of mora,
Carol and staff, Ught-baarted boy;
On tho woodland ecboe Ma song la bora
What 1 the world, but love and Joy?
Singing be twines for his dear love's breast,
Bluebell and violet, daintily pressed;
Tenderly fondled, lightly caressed
Carol and sing, oh dreaming boy t
AnO-Stropke.
A wasp got up at the break of day
Tedderly spread the plaster on ;
And he opened the session the good old way,
Prnir An tli a jtrnlnA. till it la srone.
And he "stropped" hia bodkin with anxiona
care.
He whetted bis edges, keen and bare.
Till it gleamed like steel In the morning air
Bing for the arnica 1 Four it on I
Catattreph.
Ban for the doctor I Bun like sin I
Put on some mud tul the doctor cornea ;
This ia the hole whew tha probe went in ;
How it burns, and troba like a. hundred
drums.
Tell like a mad man ; mutter and growl,
Trample the violet, rave and howl.
Scatter the bluebells love may scowl,
Shriek for the arnica ! here it comes.
Hmettge.
A Fatherly Mas.
MX Wlg W
iiisit n dn y is if s isii s
20 27 28 2f 3031 .. 37 28299681 .. ..
JUNE. DECEMBER.
"MTWT 8 S UWT 8
"I"28"4r567"I"i"3 4 5
8 91011121314 7 8 910111213
1516 17 18 19 20 21 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
22 23 24 25 26 27 2821 22 23 24 25126 27
29 30 .TB82980.31
witn a growi. one sne answerw
t brought up in the woods, ut
at the 8creach of an owl. 1
Griswold Street, from Fort to Con
gress, offers such superior facilities for
Falling down in the winter that all news
boys and bootblacks who look noon the
bright and cheerful side of life loaf
around that section a great deal in or
der to be on hand when the climax oc
curs. Seven of them stood in a row
yesterday morning as a fatherly, un
wieldly citizen turned the corner oi the
Moffatt Block.
"Select your spot!" they yelled, as
he reached the descent, and in about a
minute he reached the conclusion that
they had gathered there to see him fall.
Some men would have jumped aside in
to the street, bnt this fatherly man con
tinned on. He resolvedto himself :
"Now, these boys are poor, forlorn
boys. They seldom have anyfun. They
are hungry, ragged, and do not look
forward to Christmas. They wish me
to fall. If, by falling, I can add to their
happiness, it is my auty to do so."
Those boys may never know that that
good man fell on purpose to please
them. He suddenly made a slip to the t
left, stretching out his leg until ft look
ed to be ten feet lone then a slip to the
right, and as he recovered he stack his
neeis towarus iw ouum uic,
clawed out like a mfllSon angle-worms
fastened together, and: the snow-where
he struck new sixteen feet. He didnt
get up and tell the boys tha4t wass
put-up job to lighten their hardens of1
care and sorrow for a moment, bat he
knows and the reader knows that it
was. -Detroit Free Press.
in
Glovb Clbahino. i gallon of ben
zine. ounce o chloroform, i eaace of
ether, 1 oaaee of aleekei MmU otace
Of wintergrew.
..'
V-.
- &-f? -SSfrK.