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W E-- SOME SIGNIFICANT FACTS, ECONOMY OF THE EIOHT HOUR DAY Experiences of Many Large Employers of Labor Testify to the Advantages of the Shorter Workday Convincing We reprint the statement of the Fort! Motor eompany upon "The Advantages of the Light Hour Workday Over the Nine and Ten." It is as follows: "A certain group of men working nine hours under the old system as sembled 750 radiators. The same group working eight hours under the new plan assembled radiators. A group of men working nine hours un der the old plan turned out thirty-eight fenders. Under the new, working eight hours, the same men turned out fifty fenders. A group of sixty-five men working nine hours under the oli! system turned out 8o gas tanks. Un der the new. working eight hours, the sixty-live men turned nt 1 2m TFmir were reduced, h.. tv.-r-. 1 s»n cost went down." In addition it may not be uninter esting to re all a statement which Mr Henry l-'ord made in Detroit Aug. 31, 1910, in o u n .in.]::-- Henry Neil, father •!.• e.i': h.-sv pension system. .Mr. lord said that-if he had control of the railroads lie would cut the freight rates to one-third the pres ent rate, double the o of the rail road workers and by siting out tli Iniquity of the railroad management make more profits for the stockhold ers than are earned at present. HAS BliHN THOROUGHLY PKOVliD BY SKILL HI) INVHS TKiATOKS Statement of Henry Ford—The Bjild ing of the Trlattleship Arizona. By SAMUEL GOMPERS. The discussion and prominence re cently given (be eight hour workday principle has given the world the ben efit of many experiences that might otherwise have never been made pub lie. Among many convincing state ments setting forth the economic ad vantages of the shorter workday is the following by Arthur I,. Sardy: "From 1901 to 1005 I was Pacific coast manager of the Armour Fertilizer works, owned and operated by Armour & Co. of Chicago. "When 1 took charge the laborers in the plant worked ten hours daily for $1.75. I raised this to $2, shortened the time to nine hours, tlieu to eight hours without increasing the cost per ton. "Furthermore, while my men were all Mexicans of small stature the cost of labor per ton in the California plant was no higher than in the southern plants, where stalwart negroes worked ten hours for $1.25, and where the lat est machinery was used, while our mixing was done with hand shovels and screens. This experience proves that increasing wages and shortening the hours of labor do not necessarily increase the cost per unit of work ac complished." What happened in the Armour plant and the Ford company has been dupli cated in many others. Whatever ele ment in the processes of production is expensive or demands particular con sideration becomes the pivotal facto with reference to which other factor* are adjusted. When the workers force consideration for the indispensable hu man labor power, then the workday, mechanical and material equipment sanitary provisions and arrangements are all made to conserve human life. When the workers have made humni labor more costly than machinery, the the latest and best machines, the best management of materials will be pro vided in order to secure the best re sults from lite !f -er human labor. A valuable and authentic contribu tion to the eight hour day discussion Is the announcement that the United States navy department announced on Sept. 15 that the super-dreadnaught battleship Arizona was completed on schedule time and that not withstand ing the eight hour workday prevails In the government, shipyards and that nine hours generally prevail in private shipyards, the cost of obstruction of the Arizona was $1,000/KM less than the lowest bid of the privately owned shipyards. This fact is of significance with ref erence to both humanitarian welfare and economic progress. The eight hour workday, now universally approved would never have been established without the organized labor movement It was the labor movement that ad vocated and fought for eight, hours when the principle was considered neither reputable nor honest. It was the labor movement that bore the brunt of struggle and suffered, starv ed, sacrificed and fought that the short er workday might exist. It is the labor movement that Is back of every new advance for eight hours or for aught else, and it is the Jabor movement that alone can main tain the progress already achieved. Says Jobs Are Sold. That job selling by foremen has be come universal in the industries of Ohio is practically charged by the state industrial commission. For a fee to a foreman a job can be landed hi some of the largest establishment, the sale being usually to foreigners, who can be mulcted and take it as a mat ter of course Go-betweens are used by the more cautious. I All: be, II in August. 14 time. Likew ercd lie \va\ gave $•'.!x 11 -Popular The wb is tor Sqii.! !'s tor da: s. con 11 i to I'M-!-. Mo niE BUTLER WASHING FURNITURE. Easy to Restore Tarnished Pieces to Original Freshness. "Very few people know that furni ture ought to be washed." said a sales man in the furniture section of a large department store. "Yet," he contin ued, "it is the best thing one can do to keep furniture looking as well as it should. "One should take a basin of tepid rainwater and make a suds with a good pu'v ',ip. Then with a soft piece of *-liec^e--!oi!i all t.lie woodwork should be washed. It is astonishing how much dirt will come off. A sec ond piece of cheesecloth should be wrung dry out of hot water. On this should be poured a tablespoonful of first class furniture polish. The heat will spread the polish through the cloth. Next the furniture should be gone over with ihe second cloth. "There will ie need of putting on more polish, for that much will be all one needs. Too many persons make the mistake of using too much polish and leaving it thick on the furniture, where it looks dauby and where It gathers more dirt." There is furniture in homes today that is east off because of its appear ance when it might be brought back to its original freshness by this simple process of washing. Many persons do not know that a fine bit of mahogany is improved by careful washing, and hundreds of pianos have never been more than dusted in yea s. A square of cheesecloth for the wa other for the polishing work, and the n-vn't w ll-' T! i lid hing and an will do the I well repay Hii Po it of V "The le ignorance i innunien i "A fane, i S i i 1 I lii i .1 in ir v.. '. .- ill. I l'e I s i I iey are rker. it to a VOL. XVI. NO 30. HAMILTON. OHIO, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 10,1916 Of !rw -e the sped:, in the oldc e in the opt s I T. If. p!) D'rect.ons. "Ye -Ml-. C-eea nonh n: put it in a ver 'ead ove ronto Saturd t: v n n 111- !. t* 111 "You say yon "Yes, but he ran't en!I liiin i |0 i, i I Vi I 1 HE OBEYED ORDERS. And It Proved a Stirring Time For ths Old Sergeant. It is in time of war that the virtue of military obedience finds naturally its highest exemplification, but it is occasonally shown to a striking degree in time of peace. A recent writer on popular science, among a group of an ecdotes concerning work in the labora tory, tells one of Michael Faraday and a trusted old assistant who had for merly belonged to the army. Sergeant Anderson had little learning and un derstood uolhing of science. He had not the faintest idea as to the meaning of the experiments in which he helped his distinguished employer. Neverthe less Faraday set a high value upon his services, and rightly so. Absolute faithfulness Is precious indeed. One day Faraday directed the ex sergeant to stir a potful of chemicals over a fire and by no means to stop until he was told that he might do so. "I am going upstairs to tea," said the scientist, "but directly after I shall come down, as usual, to work in the laboratory this evening." But unforeseen circumstances arose to keep him upstairs. He had several visitors In succession, whose conversa tion so distracted iiis mind that he quite forgot the pot on the fire and the watcher beside it, faithfully swishing circles with a long ladle in the bub bling contents. He bade the last de parting caller good night and went Serenely i bed, si ill unlemembering. When lie Mine downltlie next morn ing Sergeant Anderson,! weary, but in domitable. was still bending over the pot, still swishing the tientlv round and rount mix tli re that had not bo ing tlie night At Fara tion lie looked up hopef out (leasing to 1 lie "I(carried -.ii! our said simply. Yo stirrin' it Where Biq Things Are Done In a Very Limited Space. The in.i| dining ear N a e-,n •l'etr exampie of space, i i meals 11 i i i -I o. te! a W i I oil an ing fou n car ami i i -i\ people an aisle i th In the narrow s] the kitchen and pi thirds the width of found i in for the erator and iie panrrv r.n Add to en rough I' ll at tha: i but that n scattered indeed, ait —Tndianai V .in! to c'l i I II- Of boiiin e| el'.' and igie it." ---To s'itrht. Of?" uage. I st have o oilier ric Cjles ial Explorer. "I'id \o ever tak any interest in astrology?" "No," replied the matter of fact man "I can account for all the hard lucU and temperament:i! peculiarities I e ,re to by condition- light here on this »arlhWashington Stav. Piling It On. It probably is best never to give in in the first place. Occy Wattles proud ly stated his record that in three years of married life ho has never neglected to mail a letter. Now Mrs. Wattles says he run write them ton.---Kansas City Star. As Wo All Think. "People are queer." "Isn't that so? Sometimes I think you and I are the on cally folks on earth."—Detroit Free i ress. Always the Unknown. Permit me to introduce myself. You have been on intimate terms with me for some time. And yet you do not know me. You have talked with me on long walks and in the still watches of the night. You have flattered me and cajoled me and pleaded with me and condoned me. And yet you do not know me. The worst of this is that you will never know me. You will always go on'belleving that you do. This is your fate. I am the unknowable. I am the one you live with and of whom you are destined, so long as you live, to be in absolute ignorance. I am the one you think you are!— Ufa. e e -ved for a5.out two e i a must be ge, the refrig Mud storage for linen, glassware and such vegetables ag do not require ice. Three and four men do th cooking and dishwashing. So mm 1 The Formula Failed. Willie had disobeyed again, and his mother had sent for a switch, declar ing that she meant to "wear him out." "Now, Willie," ^-In demanded sol emnly, "do you kno ., bat I'm going to do w itii i i i- -witch?" "Yes'm." he .-mswereij promptly, "you're going to shake it at me and say, 'Willie l'arsons, if you ever do that again I'll switch you good!'" 1'ilt she didi.'l III i-l ian 1 lei'nlii Nature Is Ruthless. Nature Is ruthless, and wl.re her sway Is uncontested there is no peace save the peace of death, nnd iie fecund stream of life, especiallj i i l'e on the lower levels, flows liks an immense tor rent out of nonexistence for but the briefest moment before the enormou majority of the beings composing it are engulfed In the jaws of death and again go out into the shadow.—Theo dore Roosevelt in Seribner's Magazine When Patti Was Fifty-two. Adelina Patti wrote In a letter to Mr. Klein in 18!K5: "I.)o you not feel proud of your little friend, who was fifty-two last month and has been singing un interruptedly every yeai i'p-.n the age of seven? I am really in inning to believe what they all teii me flint am a wonderful little woman Patience. Patience is the most important fac tor in making a success of life. No great work was ever accomplished without a wholesome amount of this attribute practiced by the achiever. Mean Hint. "I assure you I had the hardest work to keep Mr. Jones from proposing." "To what other girl?"—Baltimore American. Who restralneth himself in the use •f things lawful will never encroach In things forbidden.—Dr, Johnson. WAGE ADVANCE IN TWO MCVSTiES Meal Handlers and Garment Workers to Get More Pay. MORETHAN 80,000 AFFECTED Prosperity Impels Big Firms to Volun tarily Add About $4,000,000 a Year to Workers In Meat Packing Establish ments— Chicago Garment Workers Also Raised. ong ladle pa in all of the led away dur lay's exclama illy, but with lle. dors, sir," he lie to keep on MODERN DINING CARS. Two large groups of rhi'-ago workers have been granted raise- in pay and shorter working hours. The advance In pay guns to the thou sands of men and women employed in the big packing houses of the stock yards. The shorter working 11rs go to 20, 000 garment workers without reduction of pay, and with time and a half for all overtime work. An Increase of 'J' •_ cent.-, an hour on a ten hour day for ail employees of the operating department all over the Unit ed States was granted by Wilson & Co., Armour & Co., Swift o., Morris & Co. and Libby, MeXeii iv Ubby. The increase will aft more than 00,K)0 men employed in r, e big pack ing centers and will men., a payroll in crease of more than $4,000,poo annu ally. More than half the men affected are employed in the Chicago stock yards, and the loeal payrolls will be swelled more (bun $8,00o n .i^y and gar- The act Ion ment maim: In neither cuwe was |h« labor ditllculties. mid e.\e d' iioth pii "irers v\ eerns in both ind erea-e- U:, a re niej p,. bor, co -, •l ,i hings in little who eats his with every o -i- u- e .olc :. at :iU llO o e- ilive -ietu X dl- Ix tah at -.ho two with 1 side •s seat. iie sid» e a teei v-, i 00 a year extri of the men an he garment tin ac le I e un on-. le i.:i -.. rile 1 !. abo: e' v •.. r.'let liei vrii ilTner & Jlarx. eel is the basi s i n i (MX ope in try, of ami sea I., dig space leading to the kitchen that only one waiter with a loaded tray can pass at a time. Yet there are three and four waiters to a ^ar, and they must serve as high as l'K) and in i pinch, over 200 people at a meal. 'i' do tids takes system and speed. 1. of con Sel a v\ tioi the ii- lie swa.\ ing of he car •i.i.-.. a ui Uuj wonder grows, occasional dish is spilled, ne-tenths of them are not er the passengers. Few, the cases of upset viands, ill" News. oluntary. threat of es of con- trie -a y the in- 1 of labor ind for la i PrOfitS "We proper preside v, In the i iI i, panics aie e In our ,-i n: ,, e nio! , 1 s'" or -oaring our men Wilson, 1 ondltlons re good, and the corn give the increase. i wilt le _pet At rhe swirt, plants superintend* report that the granted he in ten hour- v.,I time the average w houses is ,1! oil a da .. i:h »P and the here are The reduction of Aft* hem to ,ri a e s the Wholesale iorii Chicago. I'ay will time and a half wil work. the extra mour and Morris tits continued the rease had been vorking day of tened. At this ige in the packing vorking time from hours a week ed by members of el's' association of ot be reduced, and be paid for extra e more than $1. in the pay envel wonien employed ufaeturlng Indus 0 Abt, president 1 use of the great during the busy effect on Dec. riigs the hours eJuired in the in ll n and Hart, hi'*li fifty hours i ay. The reduc •••erking hours in IS I o rthops in tli. penheimer »S ohn, Ilirseh !in & Fisher, idrath, Maver Ku & Nati Eisc Wei 'eiaiion are: B. •. Alfred Decker wire company, oid, Solomon & ., Rosenwald & .•lerheiiner-Steln •g bio- I \ht X- companv lt s RULES AGAINST LABOR. Supreme Court P.efuses to Review Con viction of Mine Workers. The United States supreme court has refused to review the convictions of four labor leaders in the H»13 West were sen •isonment bailing to lerai dis Virginia eoal strike, v. fenced to six months' i for contempt of eoun i obey an injunction i a trlct idge. The cases are an .her o gation in connect) n \. Ith ton's decree Miat tin Workers' union was nn n splracy In its organlzatioi tion. The defend., n of the union and we•. inciting miners to lea e o ployment. Their convi thn ed by the fourth federal of appeals on the theory Dayton's decree against Mine Workers was valid. The case is set for rearraigntnent be fore the supreme court during the pres ent term. The four leaders were Fan nie Sullens, Frank Ledvlnka, James Oates and Hiram Stephens. Labor Makes Record. More wages were paid to workers in the factories of New York state in August last than in any month since the war began, according to figures by the state department of labor. From July to August there was an Increase of 2 per cent in wages and a slight in crease in number of employees. Total wages in August last were ''2 per cent greater than in August, 1015. and 44 per cent greater than in August, 1014. Total employees were IS per cent greater In August last than In August. 1915, and 23 per ceut greater than in August, 1814. LABOR'S RIGHT8. Recently the United States cir cuit court of appeals has hand ed down a decision at St. Paul Intimating that in the belief of these judges a strike may be a 4 conspiracy in restraint of trade regardless of the Clayton act. The United States supreme court has yet to pass on lalior's bill of rights, and there was never a time when labor had greater need of public officials at Wash •fr ington who will give more than lip Bervlce to the ideals of free dom and democracy.—John P. •fr White, President United Mine 4 Workers. STATE FEDERATIONS. Glv« Strength and Solidity to the Or ganized Labor Movement. As the trade union seeks to protect the workers and their Interests in every relation of life, it is necessary to have organizations of a character and juris diction that will enable them to carry out these purposes, says Samuel Gom pers. In addition to national and local central organizations, in nearly every state there Is a state federation of la bor. The chief work of these state bodies Is to secure remedial and pro tective state legislation and to pro mote co-oieratIou of local organiza tions to further the best interests of all. Each organization determines its activities and methods best adapted to deal with local problems and needs, all of course conforming to the princi ples of the general labor movement The constitution of the American Federation of Labor states that it shall be the duty of all national and International unions aflillated to the A. F. of L. to instruct their local un ions to join the chartered state fed erations of labor of the state within which they are. The effectiveness of the state organization is largely condi tioned by the general compliance of the local unions with this instruction. An organization that represents the unit ed force of the workers can net and speak with assuredness and authority. Wherever the solidarity of the work era is best expressed by the affilia:.on of all local bodies to the state orf.ni, izatlon the achievements of that org IzaUon are correspondingly gratifying As is indicated, the most urgem ,it e i s a i v e e a n I s o a a v e uiate and limit the use of the injunc tive process and to protect wage earn ers from perversion at anti trust legis lation to ap- y to .•»wo,-i,•,{!••„* of hu man beings. One of ill- n I i .d mm eLujjiuy-r have workers fr-.n. protect' !he: sion anu from organizing to pron -o their interests is the theory that Ite .. power is a commodity and there: property In accord u :h lis the y hostile employer- in anti-t: u-t laws In order to destroy labor unions, and wrongful ly used the writ :m to con trol the act and labor organization- workers courses of i v. iA-.h they have constitution.: a. right. The in junction and .-! law proved a very pilable ami disastrous weapon in tho interests of labor exploiters. When tho labor sections of the Ciay ton anti-trust i -aere adopted it was no longer i ie i .r employers to have the assistance of federal anti trust laws in their industrial conflicts with employees. Accordingly their ef forts have e, n transferred to state courts, and tie number of state in junctlve proecedings in eases of Indus trial disturbances has Increased tre mendously during the past year. The workers realize that the very exisfei of organized labor is endangered ui they s»eim» tle-essnry lation. iterop of lit! Judge Day nited Mine (lawful eon and opera members id guilty of refuse em was a Hi rm lreuit court that Judge the United Trainmen Win Victory. A threatened strike on the Hudson tubes, which connect New York and New Jersey, was averted. A compro mise was reached between the Broth erhood of Locomotive Engineers and the road management. Thirty-two discharged employees have been rein stated, and the Brotherhood of Rail road Trainmen has been recognized by the comimny. All differences have been amicably settled to the satisfac tion of both sides Letter Carriers and A. F. of L. Another referendum on the proposal of joining the American Federation of Labor will pro.bably be held by the National Association of Letter Carriers following the next convention. Pre ceding the first referendum all argu ment that might enlighten the mem bers is said to have been stifled, but the demand for affiliation has now be come so Insistent that it will receive attention. Find Work For Many. The California state public employ ment bureaus have secured positions for 20.104 men and women since Feb. 1, when they were opened. These workers have earned approximately $4,nin,(XH) in wages and have saved $5-J,o*io In fees which they otherwise would have to pay to private agencies. Every kind of labor, from bootblack to superintendent, is Included In the list New Head of Civic Federation. The executive council of the National Civic Federation has elected V. Everit Macy president of the organization, to fill the vacancy created by the death of Seth Low. Mr. Macy has consented to serve until the annual meeting of the organization, Jan. 23. The protective 1^ %jJLL* Si AN OLD TIME NAVAL EVENT. John Paul Jones' Greatest Exploit, the Defeat of the Serapis. Following up many feats of daring, John Paul Jones in the summer of 1778 captured near the English coast the British twenty gun warship Drake, of superior build to his vessel, the Ranger, and carried it into Brest with 100 prisoners. He had already won renown In America, and as a result of this victory he was placed in command of the ship Duras, furnished by the French government In recognition of his valor. Jones changed the name of the ship to Bonhomme Richard and in August, 1779, sailed with a squad ron of five vessels, three American and two French, for the coast of Scot land, creating even greater alarm among the Inhabitants than he had done on a previous raid. When off Flamborough, Jones fell in with a fleet of forty-one British mer chantmen returning from the Baltic and convoyed by two powerful men of-war—the Serapis, carrying forty guns, and the Countess of Scarbor ough, with twenty gunS. On the even ing of Sept. 23, 177M, Jones engaged the Serapis in battle, and after three hours of desperate fighting, during which the fwo ships were lashed to gether, the Serapis surrendered. The Bonhomme Richard, however, was so badly damagged that It sank two days later, the crew in the meantime being transferred to the Serapis. For this victory, his most famoi exploit, Jones, upon his arrhai iu Par is, was presented by Louis XVI. with a gold mounted sword and was deco rated with the cross of the Ord. Military Merit. Upon his return America in 1781, congress voted him a gold medal, passed a resolution com mending his "zeal, prudence and in trepidity," assigned bin :i e com mand of a ship of tlie ii build ing and proposed to er»- iie jor him the rank of rear admiral. He also received a complimentary letter from (Jeneral Washington. LEFT HANDED BALL PLAYERS. They SHonid Pitch or Take the Out eld or First Base. i.e ., led throwers who d.-ii. play t.-,- .:,ei- -!, eonline i forts le r-! ,Ti.e le baseb.4.1 la.. a *i i iiumieu thrower sue• —-j'ul in an., infield posi tion other th.,:, iirst ba-e This is due to the fact !!.at i I .: who tries shortstop i balan' e hen he .:e: 1 It is against oppres ii e ...... should e i i.M i j„, .. |j. can ii'i e i i -i v i ','! e hases Spare is the name. Spams our All Suits and Pants made to your individual order $1.00 PEE YEAR A left bander i.s conceded to nave considerable advantage over a right bander In playing first base. This is because a left banded thrower at first base is always iu a position for throw ing to any of the other infielders or catcher without having to make any shift. In handling bunts and attempt Ing a force play at some other base the fraction of a second saved in be ing able to field and throw with prac tically the same motion gets the ver diet on many lose plays. Left handed throwers are under a serious handicap when trying to catch. A catcher who throws right handed will tell you it is much easier to throw to second with a right handed batter up than a left bander. A right handed batter gives the catcher a clear view of second base and the runner. With a left handed batter it is slight ly obscured. The majority of batters are right banders. Players who throw left handed should choose only pitching, playing the outfield or holding down first base —Billy E\ans in St. Nicholas. Origin of the Opera. The opera, like nearly everything else interesting in the world of mind, had its origin in ancient Athens. The earliest librettos were by Sophocles and Aeschylus, such as the "Agameifi non" and "Antigone," a band of flutes and lyres constituting the orchestra, the dialogues being musically declaim ed and the choruses sung to the best music of the time. Thus do we have the germ of all later developments iu the line of opera.—Exchange. When Beecher "Hollered.'' Coming home from the morning serv ice one Sunday. Dr. Beecher threw himself on a lounge and said in a tone of deep dejection, "I believe that was the worst sermon I ev^r preached." One of his daughters pro tested that she had seldom heard him when he was more energetic. "Oh. yes," was the impatient reply, "when I haven't anything to say I always holler."- *1!t in *k Fixed Tnat All Right. Galleigh —Here's the dress suit you loaned me. old chap, and many thanks. It didn't ti- in-- very well, so I had the tailor make n vw alterations. Green— The deuce you did! Well, of all the Galleigh—Oh. it's all rlubt, old chap. I told him to send the bill to me.—Bos ton Tran-eript. Breaking It Gently. "I understand that your daughter is goLig to take nin«|- lessons." "Not exactly," i-e\iied Farmer Corn tossel. "WTe ha en the heart to tell her that her voice sounds terrible, so we're goin* to hire a regular teacher to do it."—Wasniriirton Star. in a Union Shop The SuuareTailors 106 HIGH STREET te & *4 Reliable Dealers in Dry Goods, Carpets, Cloaks, Q,ueeii&ware Millinery. House Furnishings Voss-Holbrock Stamps with all Casb Purchases. Meet him at Cor. Front and Hieh Sts. I Merchants' Dinner Lunch Served every Day Lunch Counter Connected PSrf^ S? jan-lfi-tf Co. I 1 E