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IP®' -f- -7 4^-*«" STRIKE BREAKING BARRED Welfare of Wage Earners and Ad vancement of Opportunities For Em ployment Chief Aims of the Govern ment—Policy Pursued In Complete Accord With the Law on the Matter. The two subjects which Secretary Wilson's report for the department of labor principally emphasizes are medi ation in labor controversies and em ployment opportunities. Many notable instances of mediation are described, and some remarkable results are re ported. The attitude of the department of labor as to sending workers to places where there are strikes and lockouts is especially interesting. On this point Secretary Wilson says: "To promulgate in any manner in formation concerning workmen wanted where a strike exists or is threatened would be inconsistent with the pur pose prescribed for the department by its organic law, which is 'to foster, pro mote and develop the welfare of the wage earners of the United States, to improve their working conditions and to advance their opportunities for prof itable employment.' Not only would It not advance opportunities for prolitable employment tior otherwise foster the welfare of wage earners to promulgate information of demands for help where strikes are In progress, but it would have the reverse effect. Such a policy would be equivalent to directing wage earners to places already sulliclently supplied with labor, for wherever there is a strike or one is imminent that fact alone is evidence prima facie that there is no real scarcity of labor there. Con ditions of employment are in dispute, and that is all. This involves the ques tion of prolitable employment—profit able to wage earners. That wage earners who have experience at the place and in the employment whence the demand for more labor comes do not look at the offered employment as profitable is manifest from their re fusal to continue in it at the offered terms, and that they are qualified for it is evident from the fact that they have bees doing it satisfactorily. "The policy pursued by the department with reference to the labor situation where strikes exist or are threatened involves five elements, which may be generalized as follows: First, workers who have had experience with the em ployment In question do not look upon it as being profitable second, as there KEEP HANDS OFF DURING STRIKES ATTITUDE OP DEPAR1T1ENTS OF LABOR TOWARU DISPUTES Is a sufficient supply of labor already there the problem is one not of supply ing labor where it is scarce, but of adjusting tenus of employment where labor Is plentiful third, the wage earn ers engaged in the dispute are qualified by virtue of the training and experi ence they have had to »erforui the kind of work required, and this would not always be the case with persons who without previous experience in that employment might respond to the re ported demand fourth, for the United States employment service to convey information of employment offered where a strike exists or is threatened would be to place it in the i»osition of actively assisting one side of the con troversy, whereas if it does not convey such information its position is wholly passive fifth, it is a function of the department of labor to promote indus trial peace, not industrial disturbance. "It follows that the department of labor should not make Itself a medium for conveying information of demands for wage earners where labor disputes are the cause of the demand. That there is already a sufficient supply of labor there Is as true if it is uneui ployed on account of a dispute over terms as If it were unemployed for lack of employment opportunities from other causes. Moreover, the termina tlon of such a dispute would result either in dismissal of the new employ ees from a service they had been led by the department to apply for. or in leav ing unemployed the workers involved in the dispute. The point that also should be emphasized is the impro priety of the department's informing wage earners of opportunities for em ployment at places where their apply ing would serve one side to the dis advantage of the other and thereby operate as a disturbing instead of a peacemaking factor. "State or city agencies may be in a position so different as to find it neces sary to pursue a different policy. It depends, of course, ui»on the local laws by which they are created or under which they operate. This policy, how ever, is the only one the department of labor of the United States can adopt consistently with the congressional legislation that controls the depart ment's administrative activities." Advocates Seven Hour Day. The time has come for union labor to seek a seven hour workday. In the opinion of John P. White, international president of the United Mine Workers of America. "A further reduction in the daily hours is necessary if we are to conserve the economic and social wel fare of our vast membership," he says "This is made almost essential by the Increased introduction of machines. So widespread has become their use that pick mining in many districts has be come almost a lost art/' POWER OF FROST. P«ll of Fifty Ton Bowlder of Granite In the Yosemite. Delicate frost tracings on the win dowpanes seem to be tlie work of fan ciful and harmless sportiveness, but the hand that forms them is capable of greater deeds and other kinds. An official of the geological survey tells of an experience that must have been wonderfully impressive to the spectator, lie had been spending some weeks in exploring the Yosemite valley and the "great rocks," like El Capitan, that wall it in. Standing one day of late autumn about the middle of the valley, he was startled by a report like a cannon shot, which filled the whole valley with echoes that roared and boomed, re plied and multiplied, in a long continu ed, glorious tumult. As the deafening sound died away in sullen muttering* under the visor of El Capitan the spectator was aide to dis tinguish the point of attack by the long, clattering descent of a vast quantity of rock. The night had been a cold one in the valley, and on the 7.000 and 8,000 foot levels of the upper rim the temperature must have dropped almost to zero. Frost, working quietly with his Archi medean lever, had just succeeded In shifting from the shoulder of the senti nel a trifle of fifty tons or so of granite. For near a thousand feet the bowlder fell sheer, swift and silent theu, strik ing the cliff, it burst like a bomb, shat tered into a myriad flying shards and splinters and dislodged a smother of fragments that trickled down to the valley In a stream that lasted for min utes. Then from the spot where the bowld er had struck dust began to rise Into the sunny air, slowly building up like a summer cloud and everv bit as snowy. It was the Hour of Vfv granite, powdered Instantaneously by the terrific shock. NERVE OF A STEEPLEJACK. Hie Coolness and Resource In a Time of Extreme Paril. Ordinary people standing on a nar row ledge whence they can see down 200 or 300 feet are so appalled by the danger of falling that their nerves give way, their bodies flinch and there comes to some at least an Impulse to end the mental strain by a leap into the gulf. Hut the steeplejack is Indif ferent to height and proximity to the abyss. The coolness and resource of these men were never better shown than in a case which happened in upper New York state a few years ago. A steeple jack had flown his kite over a chimney and subsequently drawn himself up to the top. lie was Just beginning his in spection of the work when by some mishap he dropped his nq*? ami was left, Hke ft. Simeon Stylite*, alone on his pillar. Attempts were made to ily another kite over him, but the wiml had drop ped. There were Iron ladders inside the chimney, but the tires would have to be drawn and the chimney let cool for hours. The steeplejack was then seen to un lace one of his shoes, take off the long blue stocking worn by such workmen and set to work carefully to unravel if. knotting the pieces of yarn together when necessary. He then fastened a stone to the end, plumbed the depth, picked the other stocking to pieces and added it to the first length of yarn ami let it down far enough to meet a tall ladder, from which he drew lip first a. piece of strong string, next a rope and then after completing his inspection of the chimney top lowered himself to the gi-ound.—Los Angeles Times. Origin of an Old Saying. Many think that the saying "Blood is thicker than water" originated with Commodore Tatnall of the United States navy, who assisted the English in the Chinese waters, and, in his dis patch to his government, Justified his interference by quoting the words. It is, however, an old English proverb and is to be found in Ray's "Collection of English Proverbs," published In 1072. Walter Scott, too, makes Dandie Dln mont say: "Weel, 'bluld's thicker than water.' She's welcome to the cheeses and the hams, just the same."—Phila delphia Press. An Offensive Cravat. A man once called upon Whistler with a letter of Introduction, and an amusing scene followed arising out of the fact that the visitor was wearing a red necktie. Whistler declared it In terfered with the color scheme of his room and "put him off" a picture he was painting in quite a different "key." Finally he obliged him to take off the offending cravat before he would con descend to exchange another word with him. Faulty In His Diagnosis. Mrs. Malaprop Young Sharp will have to apologize to me before I speak to him again. Miss Interest—Did he Insult you? Mrs. Malaprop—Did he? The last time I met him I told him that my un tie had locomotor ataxia, and be asked me if he whistled at crossings.—Strav THE BUTLElt COUNTY A CITY OF SILENCE. Conditions That Make Santa Cruz d* la 8ierra Noiseless. Amid gusts of Scotch mist and under heavy skies we drifted Inertly into a sand paved, silent, tropical city street, past rows of languid stares, and on the last afternoon of the year, with Co ehubamba la town in the center of Bo livia) 835 miles behind us, we sat down dripping and sunburned in the central plaza of Santa Cruz de la Sierra. The capital of all the vast tropical department of eastern Bolivia owes its fame largely to its Isolation. Far away one hears much of It once there, he finds little. I.ike the eminent men of many secluded corners of South America, it Is important only through the exceeding unimportance of Its neighbors. It is a city of silence. Not only Its bare feet, but its primitive ox carts make not a sound in the sand streets. There is no industry to add its strident voice, and every street fades away at each end into the trackless, whisper ing, Jungled montana. In this rainy season, which begins In earnest with the new year and lasts through April, it had many muddy pools and ponds, along the edges of some of which the streets crawled by on long heaps of the skulls of cattle, bleached snow white by th» sun. The larger ponds were almost lakes and carried the mind back to Kandy, Ceylon. Frequently the streets were flooded deep for an hour or more until the thirsty sand had drunk up the trop ical deluge. For these eventualities the town has a system of its own. At ev ery street corner four rows of weather blackened plies protruele a foot or more above the sand, and along these step ping stones the shod minority passes from one roofed sidewalk to another. The houses Invariably consist of a large room, by day opening directly ou the porch sidewalk, though the best of them are rather bare in appearance, despite a small forest of frail cane chairs, black in color, as the best pro vided Cruceno family is not rich by our standards.—Ilenry A. Frnnck, in Century Magazine. RAGAMUFFIN ABYSSINIA. Its Despotic Rulers Descend From Menelik, Son of Solomon. Abyssinia Is the Ethiopia of the Bible, and it is almost unchanged since the birth of civilization. The Hue of despots that ru'e Abyssinia today are the lineal descendants of Menelik. the son of the queen of Sheba and King Solomon. They seem to have inherited very little tiie well known wisdom of their famous sire, however, for Abyssinia is today the unregenerate raganiutiin among nations—and also the picturesque reiniiant of the world's oldest civilization. For Abyssinia, surrounded by trop ical wilderness and without a seaport, Is a country apart from the modern world—a country of turbaned and san daled men, of veiled women wearing silver anklets, of mighty hunters who still take their game with leopards and hawks as in Biblical days a land where gentlemen live by plunder and monks by alms anel a man has as many wives as he can buy or steal. Abyssinia Is a fortress of antiquity, defying the world by Its sheer physical Impenetrability. But a few degrees from the equator, It is a great mass of igneus mountain ranges flung down upon a tropical plain. Lower Abyssinia Is burning desert and fever ridden Jun gle. The Interior Is healthy upland cut by great gorges, many of which are wholly impassable, in the midst of this wilderness Is Lake Tsana, forty seven miles !"ng and more than 5,000 feet above sea level. It Is the source of the Blue Nile.—Exchange. Electricity In the White House. The White House is said to have the most intricate and complete electrical system installed in any building in this country. There are in the mansion nearly 170 miles of wires providing for 8,000 Incandescent lights, a bell system, a private telephoue system for the president and his family exclusively, burglar alarms, fire alarms and a pow er system which supplies current to veDtilatlng funs and an automatic ele vator. Niagara by Electric Light. Generally speaking. It is hard to Im prove on nature, but those who have seen Niagara falls lighted at night by electricity are agreed that the effect Is far more Impressive and beautiful than anything that daylight affords. The lights are of more than a hundred million candle power.—Youth's Com panion. The P. P. "I put my faith in the wisdom of the plain people," said the statesman. "Yes," replied Senator Sorghum. "The wisdom of the plain people is all right. The only thing I fear Is that some of them are getting so that the know too much."—Washington Star. Small Comfort. "Never despair. Somewhere beyond the clouds the sun is shining." "Yes, and somewhere below the sc. there's a solid bottom. But thr.r doesn't help a man when he falls overboard.' —Baltimore American. Smart Girl. Teacher—Now, Nellie, would It be proper to say, "I can't learu you noth ing?" Nellie—Yes, mum. Teacher Why? Nellie—'Cause you can't.—Lon don Telegraph. Hie Job. "It takes two to make a bargain." "Yep my wife and the storekeeper. But I'm paying the bills single handed." —Detroit Free Press. VOL. XVI. NO 37. HAMILTON, OHIO, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 29,1916. $1.00 PER YEAR LIFE IN ROUMANIA A Nation of Peasants, With Curi ous Customs and Beliefs. RULED BY SIGNS AND OMENS. Many Superstitions Enter Into the Everyday Life of This People, Who Are Little Given to Money Thrift. The Way a Lad Goes A-courting. "The great bulk of Itoumanla's pop ulation belongs to the peasant class, for there are comparatively few cities, and most of them are small," says a bulletin of the National Geographic society on Roumanian folklore and cus toms, which gives an Intimate Insight Into the home life of that nation. The bulletin, which -is based on a commu nication to the society from John Oli ver LaGorce, says: "Many of these peasants live on the great estates, where their forbears for generations have fanned for the ab sentee landlords. And an Interesting class these peasants form, with theii peculiar customs, their primitive ways of looking at things In general. "The evil of race suicide has -never Invaded rural Roumanla. It Is re garded as worthy of honor to be the head of a large family. As In all lands where many of the ieople are more or less illiterate, there is a high death rate, though the fact that the bottle fed baby is almost unknown In peasant Roumanla tends to overcome the high Infant mortality that would otherwise result. "The average Roumanian peasant Is not given to the kind of thrift that leads him often to a savings bank. The patrimony of his sous and daugh ters is more often good will, good health and an honest mind than It Is land or money or houses. So narrow is the margin upon which a young couple starts out in life that It has come to be a proverb among them, 'Married today and out at. the elbows tomorrow,' for children come apace, and the prices of the things the peas ant has to sell are even lower than the prices of those he has to buy, and not until his own labors are supplemented by those of his sons and daughters has he much chance to prepare for even the shortest of rainy days. "When a young Roumanian peasant lad's thoughts turn to love and his mind begins to Incline toward mar riage he goes to his mother rather than to his sweetheart with his tale. The mother acts as an ambassador to the father, and if he can le Induced to look with favor upon the lover's choice he calls In two of his best ft lends in the village, tells them of his son's dreams and asks them to accompany the said son to the house of the ob ject of love's young dreams. "Mayhap the girl herself has not re ceived from the youth a single hint of his love but, even so, as he and his spokesmen approach the house she suspects the object of his visit and peeps through any crack or cranny t*at is convenient. "If It happens to be winter the fa ther of the girl Invites the company In and, surmising their mission, gives some hint as to his attitude by the way lie looks alter the Are. If he keeps It burning brightly they know that he Is favorable if he lets it elie down a little they understand that he Is only of an open mind on the sub ject. But if he lets It go out entirely there Is no use arguing the question. "The Roumanian peasant Is much given to superstition, and he has a sign for everything. If shingles are not nailed on a roof In the proper sign they will turn up at the ends if pota toes are not planted In the proper sign they will grow on top of the soil and be a failure if you have money in your pocket when you see the new moon you will not "go broke." at least not until another new moon has come. On the other hand, It Is held to be dan gerous to announce to those In the house that the new moon has appear ed, for in that case all the pots and pans In the kitchen will be broken be fore the waning moon passes. "When a peasant child Is christened all of those present assume the rela tion of godparents, and it is a super stition that there must be no Intermar riages between godfathers and god mothers. The result is that christen ings are not wielely attended, and those with matrimonial ambitions eschew them entirely. "The utmost care Is taken by some to prevent a child from seeing Its Im age In a mirror before it is three years old, for If it does It will become a vic tim of the 'falling sickness.' which will send it stumbling through life. "There are many customs which still proclaim the olden time rule and in fluence of ancient Rome that have per sisted through the centuries since the departure of her glory. For instance, there is the old Pyrrhic dance, the robes with bells on sleeves and girdles. The Roumanians still shout in unison to prevent Saturn from hearing the voice of the Infant Jupiter, and even their oxen proclaim the 'glory that was Rome' in their names, for here you may" see Caesar and Brutus as yoke fellows and there Cassius and Augus tus." The Later Eduoation. "Well, how did things come out in your school contest?" "Trifle mixed. A girl won the ham mer throwing contest, and a boy took first prize for fruit cake."—Louisville Courier-Jcurial. Worry Is a blunder that blackens all around and makes life a regret. RUSE OF A CHINAMAN. Clever Way He Got Around the Law and Gained His Case. A cemetery is the one sacred spot In China. To desecrate such a place Is the worst of crimes. Some years since there lived in a village on the plain of the Yellow river a man called Tu. His little farm furnished him with a com fortable living, but nothing more. Like all farms in that part of China, there was no fence to separate his fields from those of his neighbors. One of these neighbors was a rascal, who, knowing Mr. Tu to be of mild disposi tion, resolved to impose upon him by plowing a few furrows of Mr. Tu's land anel thus incorporating it with his own. This act did not pass unobserved, but Mr. Tu was cautious as well as mild. He knew that litigation came high and was uncertain. "Better," he said to himself, "to endure the wrong than to suffer loss of both land and money." The next year the neighbor repeated the experiment and plowed up a few more furrows. Again Mr. Tu consult ed with himself and determined, as previously, that law was too expensive a luxury for him. The neighbor, encouraged by this complaisance, continued to add to his own acres ot the other's expense. At length he became so bold as to incor porate In this way the family ceme tery, where were buried Mr. Tu's an cestors. Then Mr. Tu saw the chance for which he had been waiting. By plow ing up this cemetery the neighbor had committed sacrilege. The only diffi culty was that the punishment was so severe that it might not be possible, unless he was careful, to get his neigh bor punished at all. For the law was that If the magistrate should take no tice of the suit he would have to send up a report to his superiors at the cap ital of the province and request that proper punishment be inflicted upon himself, seeing that so heinous a crime had been committed In the district for which he was responsible. Accordingly Mr. Tu brought the mat ter before the magistrate in a way that did not involve that official. He brought accusation against his father, who was dead, for having moved his grave off his son's land to that of the encroaching neighbor instead of abid ing In the cemetery where he properly belonged! The Chinese love humor and greatly admire shrewdness. When, therefore, the magistrate read this amazing doc ument he smiled with genuine appre ciation of Mr. Tu's cleverness, called up the offending neighbor, made him restore all the lauel he had appropri ated and punished him with due sever ity for his robbery.—Youth's Compan ion. Effective Danger Sign. A contractor who has observed that pedestrians pay little attention to signs has evolved a new plan to guard against accidents to "innocent bystanders." A steam shovel working many feet below the surface of the street attracts scores of persons daily. They stop, lean over the board railing around the excava tion and stare. Sometimes the crowd gets so large that there is danger of the railing giving way and plunging them into the excavation. "langer" signs don't worry them hence the new idea of the contractor. He has smeared the top of the railing with tar and grease. Now iKrsons who never shudder at the "danger" sign flee from the grease menace as if it were poison.—Philadel phia North American. Fanny Crosby's Memory. The blind hymn writer. Fanny Cros by, who immortalized herself with "Safe In the Arms of Jesus," was ca pable of the most amazing exhibitions of "inability to forget." On one occasion she contracted supply a publisher with ninety hyrn She composed forty-five of these, si ply storing them in her memory wl' out committing a word to paper. Wl she had finished the forty-fifth she gan to dictate them, going right throt without a pause. She then did H"' same with the other forty-five.—Lonti Answers. To Prevent Draft. To keep windows open ami yet feel no draft while sleeping take an old sheet or a piece of cloth as long as the bed and about a yard and a half wide. Fasten a loop of tape or clastic to the corners of one lengthwise edge, loop over the posts at the head and foot of bed on side next to the window and you have a screen that will keep off all draft, but still give plenty of fresh air. —St Louis Post-Dispatch. Ma Enters the Game. "What do you want, ma?" "You must go to the grocery store at once and get a pound of butter." "But. ma, we're playiu' war. an' I'm leadln' our arm.v against the enemy." "Never mind. Play the commissary department has been shot to pieces and go after that butter Birming ham Age-Herald. Forever at Him. Newltt—Fuuny! I always associate your wife with a certain episode in my own life. There's just one thing she always reminds me of— Henpeek—I wish I could say that. There's lots of things she always reminds me of.— Philadelphia Press. Impedimenta. Floorwalker.—(Jood morning. You wish to do some shopping, 1 presume. Bride (with hubbyi Yes. Floorwalker —Step up to the smoking room and the boy there will give you a check for your husband.—Exchange. A grateful dog Is better than an un grateful man.—Saadl. LABOR NOTES. The next annual convention of the American Federation will be held at Buffalo. Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America demand a $2 increase and a forty-eight hour week. The American Federation of Labor has again pledged unswerving support to the eight hour movement. Cabo-Rojo, Porto Rico, has a Confec tioners' union affiliated with the labor movement of the'United States. Mayor Elect Thomas Van Lear of Minneapolis, Minn., is an international #rgauizer for the Machinists' union. About 13,000 union men paraded in Kew York recently to express sym pathy for strikers who are in jail In Minnr-sota awaiting trlnl for rioting. MADE HIS WORKMEN RIVALS. Hew Charles M. Schwab Spurratf Them on to Greater Effort^ In telling how he increased the effi ciency of one of his departments Charles M. Schwab, the famous steel man, says in the American Magazine: "It was near the end of the day in a few minutes the night force would come on duty. I turned to a workman who was standing beside one of the red mouthed furnaces and asl^d him for a piece of chalk. 'How many heats has your shift made today V I queried. 'Six.' he replied. "I chalked a big '6' on the floor and passed along without another word. When the night hlft came in they saw the '6' anel asked about 1'. 'The big boss was in here today,' said the day men. 'lie asked us how many heats we had made, and we told him six. He chalked it down "The next morning 1 passed through the same m. been rubbed instead. saw tli.it the '0' had and a big written ight shift had ail That night I went "I been erased, and a i: its place. The Th. nounce.i it--.-'! back Tl. 7 •10' swnguei'-"! force re o-n fine lonmeii- About the Most Effective Infernal Ma chine In Existence. In proportion to its size, the Mm: ot the honeybee Is prot.nV»ly the lliosi fectlve infernal machine in existence. The stinging apparatus is sn. M-r than that of ry I i e -iirj.V Stlr.g ha- I""!' k::.-v- I When we n i 1'irt it The ^f iv no superiors. Thu was started. and went ». c'ltii this mill, form poorest i"dueer. was turcm- i, more Uian any other mill In the plain STING OF THE HONEYBEE. Square Is the name. Square is our aim All Suits and Pants made to your individual order in a visible and consider what it can do w* cannot fail to be astounded. It seems the very quintessence of devilishness. The honeybee's sting is complicated —so complicated that many words and much ink have been used in discuss ing Its construction and use. It 1s generally conceded that the sting consists of a shaft of three parts, the principal one being a sheath within which move two barbed lancets. Like the barbs of a fishhook, the lancets are not easily extracted from the flesh Into which they have been driven. The sheath aud the lancets combined form a hoilow tube through which the poi son flows from the poison sac. Two hairy, soft projections, evident ly very sensitive, inform the bee when she is In contact with a sUngable ob ject.—Popular Science Monthly. Frohman's Little Safe. When Charles Frohman was treas urer with Ilaverly's minstrels he con ceived a novel stunt of arousing curi osity in 6mall towns. He bought a small iron safe, about three feet high, and on it had painted in big letters, "Treasurer, Ilaverly's Mastodon Min strels." Now actually there was little need for this safe, but it was always carried ou the first load of baggage that went to a hotel. It would be placed in a conspicuous place, and then Frohman, waiting until the proper mo ment, would bustle up to it with an air of great importance, open it, put in two or three $100 bills, close it and go away. When the crowd had gone he would slip back and get the money out again. It proved a good advertising stunt.—"Charles Frohman, Manager and Man." The White House. A prize of $500 was offered in Wash ington's administration for the best de sign for a house to serve as a home for the president in Washington. James Hoban, an Irishman from South Caro lina, was the successful competitor. His sketch contained so many wings and colonnades that the public was horri fied, and frills and gingerbread decora tions were eliminated. The result was the two story White House as we know It now. Washington laid the corner stone of the building in 1792. It was completed in 17VH), the year of Wash ington's death Rather Demoralizing. "Are you still thinkiii ,-ibout buying a motorcar?" "Yes. It doesn't cost me anything to think about buying one." "Don't you fool yourself. When a man gets an idea like that he's liable to neglect his business."—St. Louis Post-Tisp:itch. Union Shop The SquareTailors 106 HIGH STREET Reliable Dealers in Dry Goods, Carpets, Cloaks, Q,ueensware Millinery. House Furnishings V'oss-Holbrock Stamps with all Cash Purchases. Meet him at Cor. Front and Xieb Stone Wall. Novice—Why do they call It Wall street? Loser—Bump up against it Rnd you'll find out.—Yew York Times nts' Dinner Lunch Served every Day Lunch Counter Connected y. 'H jan-15-tf Cc. $ "i Sis,