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*T .1 '. Nation Would Become Richer If All Available Spaces Were Utilized, For Not Only Food, but All Wealth, Comes In the First Place From Land by La bor—Lower Cost of Living. By BOLTON HALL. [Copyright, 1917, by Bolton HaJL All rights reserved.] The flowers that bloom in the spring look sweet in the public parks, but to a mother with starving children not so sweet as potatoes and onions and beets. The easiest way to bring down the prices of food 1s to raise more of It— and yet more. But today there is a prospect of less acreage. The farmers are planting less land because of the high price of seed, in some places po tato seed cannot be had at all. The cauners are reducing their output of vegetables because of the shortage of tins. If you and I don't remedy this, food will cost twice as much next winter even if the European war is stopped. Thirty millions of fighting men are now consuming and destroying produce of all sorts and even destroying the land from which their labor should produce it. And each soldier requires the entire earning of at least four per sons to keep him in the field of battle instead of in the field of crops. Is it any wonder that, while wages have risen they only climb the stairs, while prices go up in the elevator? It is go ing to take some time to get those prices down. Baron Devonport, the English food controller, with the despotic powers of the defense of the realm law has com mandeered all lands in London which are needed for cultivation by women, children, invalids or old men. He has followed our Mayor Pingree's potato patch plan and has had them divided into small plots and expects to have a quarter of a million people em ployed In London alone. Richmond park, where William IV. and Mrs. Fitzlierbert made love, is now making food for the people. Hyde park and lots of others are to be plow ed up. A new cemetery at East Hamp ton has been planted with potatoes. Oxford and Cambridge college gardens are beginning furnish nourishment for the body rather than delight for the mind. All tlite would be a flea bite, but the ministers of agriculture in England. France and Italy have followed suit Germany did it long ago. If England forces all her idle land into use food will be cheaper in England in spite of the submarines than ever before and England will be richer in spite of the wastes of war. for not only food, but all wealth comes in the first place from land by labor. Like case, like rule if we use our land we will have more money and will get more for it. But you can help yourself even if others haven't sense enough to help Is there an unsightly vacant lot near your bouse? Wouldn't you like to im prove it this spring and in improving it save the $200 vou will otherwise have spent for vegetables? Don't you think the owner should be glad to have it cleared of rubbish and cultivated and made attractive to pro spective buyers? Don't you know that one hour of that sort of work every evening or four eve nings or mornings a week will improve you as well as the lot. make you stronger, give you better sleep and in crease the respect in which you are held by your neighbors and by your neighbor's wife? Sure thing! The trouble is that many aren't smart enough to find the place and the wise ones haven't time to show them or they just don't care. But they will care next winter when they have to foot the bills for vegeta bles—instead of for other jewels. Vacant lot cultivation takes the sting out of charity by putting men and their families on the vacant lauds and make them self supporting and at the same time provides pure air and health ful Jiving for the ailing wives and chll dren. For the home owners: Why not im prove the block in which you live, sup ply your dinner table and supply your self with an appetite that will be a joy in itself? For the asylums, sanitariums, bos pitals, reformatories, prisons and char ity associations why not put the "down and outs" to work in the ab seuce of other labor and in helping them teach them to help themselves and you? Not only the unemployed or the dls employed, but the sick, the despondent the consumptive and the inebriate can produce $300 or $."00 worth of food on each acre. Yet we are appointing end less commissions to inquire into the cost of food las If we didn't know all about that) and are always trying tt Indict somebody for conspiring to raise prices. No one in this country seems to have thought of Inquiring why so many available parts of the earth are kept Idle, the very places where food should be produced and raw material pro cured. Idle lands that are needed mean ldl« hands that are in need. How shall I be able to rule over oth ers that have not full power and com maad over myself V—Rabelais^ 4 EVERY VACANT LOT SHOULD BE USED TO RAISE VEGETABLES r- v V -i -K HIT8 THE MARK. 4* An exchange makes the very good point that opponents of trade unionism who criticise the unions because they want to con vert the nonunionlsts to union ism are the very men who sub- 4* scribe money to send mission- 4 arles to deepest Africa to con- 4* vert the heathen tribes who are 4* satisfied with their own method *fr of living. The unorganized are a 4* menace to the progress of the wage earners and to the ad vancement of humanity. We think It important to devote our energies to the improvement of our own people. Some of the 4* •i» philanthropists very often prefer to devote their energies to the 4* •h salvation of the heathen tribes. —Shoe Workers' Journal. IN AID OF LABOR. Bills Before Various State Legislature* Affecting Workingmen. Of bills affecting labor tin se concern ing workmen's compensation are in the majority. States in which compensa tion laws may be passed for the first time are Delaware, Missouri, North Carolina, North and South Dakota and Utah. Bills to amend existing laws range from those in New York to ex tend the law to all employees and to increase weekly payments to 100 per cent of wages, to the Indiana bill to exempt train employees and the one in Minnesota to repeal the law altogeth er. In California, Indiana and Minne sota it Is proposed to reduce waiting time to one week in another bill In Minnesota and in Massachusetts and New York, to abolish it altogether Amendments offered in Illinois and Massachusetts would permit the com mutation of weekly payments in a lump sum. Other biiis propose to in crease the .proportion of wager to he paid In compensation to 05 per cent in Indiana, to 0(5 2-3 per cent in Minne sota, Nebraska, New Hampshire and Oklahoma, and to 73 per cent in Wis cousin. In Minnesota, New Jersey and Utah state funds are proposed. Ohio has passed a law prohibiting casualty Insurance companies altogether from handling compensation business. In Indiana there is a bill requiring the injured employee to accept the doc tor furnished by the employer, while In Maine, Massachusetts and Minneso ta there are bilis to permit the em ployee to select his own physician. An Indiana bill would provide a judge in each congressional district to adminis ter the law another bill would require the consideration of bonuses in deter mining the wage which is to be the basis for compensation payments. A Massachusetts bill would permit a man hired within the state to recover for an injury even if it occurred outside the state. In Rhode Island there is a proposal to extend medical and bos pital treatment for a period of four weeks. Washington would amend its law by providing for first aid.—Survej HORSESHOERS FIX SCALE. New Wage Agreement Provides For the Entire Country. Officers of the Master Horseshoers' National Protective association and the International Union of Journeymen Horseshoers. in recent session at Cin cinnati, announced at the conclusion of a two days' conference that they had signed a wage agreement for the en tire country, effective May 1, 1917. to July 1, 1918. The new agreement provides for a wage scale raugiug from $3.50 to $5 a day, according to locality. Nine hours are to constitute a day's work, with eight hours on Saturday, during the winter months, and a half holiday on Saturday during the summer. All dls pates are to be settled by arbitration. The new contract affects 8,000 mas ter horseshoers and 11,000 journeymen horseshoers in 400 cities throughout the United States. More Pay For Shoemakers. Forty thousand shoe workers in the Old Colony district of Massachusetts, which includes the territory between Weymouth and New Bedford, will re ceive a 10 per cent increase in wages and a Saturday half holiday under an agreement tentatively arranged be tween the manufacturers and union of ficials. Representatives of the Lasters' union announced that negotiations virtually had been concluded and that the increase probably would go into effect May 1. The 10 per cent increase granted by Brockton manufacturers to their 13,000 employees three weeks ago will go into effect on that date. Manu facturers estimate that the total addi ional cost of production of shoes in the district would be close to 95,000,000. A Bit of Sentiment. "Why all these toots as you pass that village?" inquired the fireman. "Toots is my wife's pet name," ex plained the engineer.—Pittsburgh Post Worry poisons the mind just as much as a deadly drug poisons the body and just as aureljr v 3*9-. COUSINS OF THE CRAB. Th* Little Bugs You Often Find Ufidvr a Decayed Log. Every one has seen the curious little flat gray creatures that scurry out of sight when you lift a decayed log or a moss covered stone in the woods or near the water. They are the arma dillidia, or isopods of the genus onl scoidea, commonly called the arma dillo, sow bug and pill bug. They are really not bugs at all, but crustaceans or distant relatives of the crab, with gills provided with air tubes not unlike the air tubes through which insects breathe all over their body. A favorite food of frogs, toads and sala manders, the pill bug itself subsists largely on decaying vegetable matter, and some believe it to be a useful scavenger. According to the Zoological Society Bulletin, the name armadillo was giv en it because of its habit when dis turbed of rolling itself ujj into a ball, as the mammal of South America does, but the crustacean is shrewder than the mammal, for, whereas trie ama dillo never uncoils when It is caught or frightened--and therefore its shell of ten serves as its own roasting pan in the ovens of equatorial countries—the pill bug after rolling Itself up once or twice and discovering that it is still in the presence of danger will give up the useless stratagem and try to make off unnoticed. GOT A FURTHER REWARD. Von Suppe, His Opera "Fatinitza" and His Lavish Publishers. Franz vou Suppe, famous as an op eretta composer, whose "Fatinitza" is perhaps best known of all his works, fared badly in the financial disposal of it. Kranz, then a Vienna publisher, pur chased the piece before it had been produced, paying Yon Suppe the equiv alent of $180. The success of the work was enormous. The famous old "Fati nitza" march is still a not unfamiliar number in the variety houses. It earn ed thousands, undoubtedly hundreds of thousands, of gulden for the publishers. When It had gone quite a way upon its career Von Suppe wrote a polite letter to the publishers suggesting that, in view of the very small sum original ly paid him and the amount which the opera had earned for them, they might think that some further reward was not undeserved by him. In a few day \-u Supie received an equally polite -tier from the pub Ushers thanking him for Ills letter, staling that they quite agreed with his standpoint and ..further saying .tUnt. the bearer hron .lit with him a box of twen ty-live rh. Mv cigars which the firm hoped 'ii Siu.pe would accept with their "iniMiii:, i:—-Argonaut. Selecting Your Broker. In the Woman's Home Companion Harold Ilowlaud has an article enti tled "The Woman Who Wants to In vest," in which he says: "A good broker is as vauable to the intending investor as a good doctor to the—presumably uu in tending—invalid. The broker knows the business. lie Is steeped in the facts of the world of finance. His judgment is trained by study and experience and observation. His advice Is worth having. "But be sure he is a good broker. There are charlatans and confidence men even among stockbrokers, though the proportion is not nearly so high as the novelists of 'high finance' would have us believe. Be as careful in pick ing out your broker as In selecting your lawyer or your doctor. Your chance of getting a good one if you are equally careful is quite as good." She Told Him. An Indianapolis wife took one of her children to a throat specialist. The specialist looked into the juvenile throat. "Tonsils poorly taken out," he declared crisply. "Have to be done over again." Then followed a brief explanation of the reason why the offending tonsils should be attended to again. "Who did this work?" asked the doctor, his face assuming a keenly professional air as though he must know who had been thus lv*relict in his profession. "You did." said tlie mother, with a smile. And the doctor «miled too Indianapolis News. New Light on an Old Subject. Some of the engravings found by For est Ranger Sullivan in recently uncov ered ruins of New Mexico and Arizona are said to lend a strong support to the claim of Chinese Chronicler Hui Sen, who lived in the sixth century, that North Americi was known to the Chinese under the name of Fusang or Fusu. It was said to be a continent lying 0,500 miles to the east of Asia. He said that five Buddhist priests sail ed from China to Fusu, landing in what is now Mexico, where they taught their religion to the natives and htiilt temples. Well Defined. The class in spelling was asked state the difference between ''results' and "consequences."' One bright eyed little miss replied "Results are what you expect aud con sequences are what you get."—Coun try Gentleman. Philadelphia. Before the city of Philadelphia re ceived its present name the site was known to the Indians by the name "Coaquannock," which to theta meant "the grove of tall pines." Her Penalty. He—Does your father oHject to my staying so late? She—No pa says It serves me right for being in when you OftB.—Boston Transcript. A Sk &' .' I I I K U E O U N Y E S S VOL. XVII. NO. 1. HAMILTON, OHIO, FRIDAY, APRIL 20, 1917. $1.00 PER YEAR IKSFft INDUSTRY The Immense Debt It Owes to the Science of Chemistry. A VITAL FORCE IN BUSINESS. It Is an Exceptional Process or Manu facturing Plant In These Days That Does Not Rest Fundamentally Upon Chemical Control. Six gentlemen gathered round a ta ble on which were displayed a steel rail, a waterproof shoe, a fifty cent necktie and a tin of preserved beef. Each claimed credit for creating these commodities. "All are products of our wonderfui factory system," said the manufactur er. "My foresight built the factory, and my management kjeps it going." "How about money?" protested the banker. "Where would your factory be without my financial aid?" The third man was an engineer. "Neither factory nor finance would have been of much account without my professional ability in working out processes,'' he asserted. "Each of these articles embodies hundreds of engineering problems which I have solved." "All production rests on labor," de clared a workman in cap and over alls. "If I walk out of your factory everything stops." "I built up the consuming demand for your stufif," chipped in the sales man. Finally the sixth man spoke. "I am a chemist," he said, "and these are all chemical products. All industry today is three-fourths chem ical. You may think that your steel rail was made in furnaces and mills by purely mechanical processes, but from start to finish it depends on chemical exactness In materials and manipulation, aud if the chemistry is lacking the rail breaks. That chrome tanned shoe is a chemical achievement. Chrome tanning is a chemically exact process. The necktie is made of artifi cial silk, a chemical Imitation that is at once cheap, good looking and use ful. As for your can of beef, the pack ing Industry has been built up on chemical research, and this meat was probably paid for with chemical by products. Gentlemen, three-fourths of all our manufacturing today is chem ical at bottom, and you must recognize that fact if you aie going to extend your business and continue to make money." Enter a vital new factor in American Industry—chemical control. Look at our manufacturing plants through the eyes of the chemist and products that you had supposed were entirely mechanical in their nature, such as building materials, metals, ma chinery, and the like, become products of the laboratory. The food you eat, the beverages you drink, the clotLes you wear, the tools you use, your playthings and studies and the power, heat and light that keep you comforta ble in the modern world—in every one of them is subtle chemical supervision It is an exceptional process or plant nowadays that does not rest funda mentally ou chemical control, and if you find one that does not something is probably the matter with it for that very reason. Here is another way of illustrating chemical control: Everybody knows that much has been accomplished in the past few years by intelligent study of people in industry—the workers. A manager understands that his people have dif ferences of temperament, education, brains, strength, likes and dislikes. He uses their natural abilities as far as possible and, when these are too pro nounced in a certain direction, may check one against another, as by har nessing careless energy and cautious experience together. Even differences of nationality, politics and religion can be harmonized to increase output, raise earnings, cut costs and abolish waste and accidents. Now comes the chemist and insists that the materials of industry are Just about like the people. TLey are tem peramental. They have warm likes and dislikes for each other. Some are energetic aud some sluggish. They dif fer with mass, temperature, time, aud so on. Their differences are as subtle as human whimsies, being detected only with the microscope of delicate reactions in many cases. The chem ist aims to bring about with materials the same balance and working har mony that tie manager of employees brings about with human beings. We must all get acquainted with each other on this new basis, says the chem ist. Bankers and business men must get. the chemical viewpoint and learn to pass on chemical values. They now call In the engineer for professional guidance when they make Investments and start new enterprises. They must learn to call in the chemist in the same way and use his knowledge in clearing up technical problems. Their relation with the engineer was not es tablished in a day. A similar relation with the chemist will take time. For the present they should cultivate an acquaintance with chemist and chemical literature. The chemist, on his part, recognizes that he has been too closely absorbed in his profession and that he must now cultivate the acquaintance of the bank the business man and the man in the street and show them where chem istry touches everything in modern life. —James H. Collins in Saturday Even ing Post. Yesterday's neglect caused two-thirds Ot today** worry. v V" "'••'•^i:' .•' 1 LAND OF INFINITE DETAIL. Japanese Farmers Produce Several Crops In Small 8pace. Japan might well be called the land of infinite detail. Perhaps nowhere on earth may one see detail carried to such extremes as in that land, whert every available square foot of soi must be made to yield every possible return. Farms of one or two acres producing six, eight, ten or a dozen different crops are common Bights, the soil being fertilized and tiandled in such a manner as to bring results in every month of the year. One peasant who obtained some over flowed land turned what in this coun try would be waste ground to profit. Converting the marshy overflow into ponds, he bred and raised snapping turtles, which in Japan are considered as much of a delicacy as diamond back terrapin here. The farm now produces tens of thousands of the snapping tur tles annually, these being shipped to Tokyo and Yokohama markets by the ton. Japan has also a pearl oyster farm. In the bay of Argo there has been es tablished a plantation from which a harvest is obtained. In May or June stones weighing from six to eight pounds are sunk in shallow water, and in August the tiny shells begin to appear on them. The stones remain for two months, but since the young oysters cannot endure cold in November all rocks in less than five feet of water are moved farther out, where the temperature is more even. At the end of three years, when the shells are about two inches across, they are taken from the water, nuclei for pearls inserted In them and re placed in the water, thirty of them to every six square feet of bottom. There they are left for four years. Then, being seven and a half years old, they are removed and searched for pearls.—Washington Star. HOUSING THE MOTORCAR. 8ome Advice on Building snd Fitting Up a Practical Garage. "The size of the garage depends upon the size of the car It is to be used for," says C. H. Claudy in the Woman's Home Companion. "A convenient size for most cars is 14 by 18 feet. This will usually give plenty of room to work around the car. Shelf room is essential and should be all along one side, seven feet high aud one foot wide. On the other side have plenty of nails for hanging things on. At the rear end, above the door, have a shelf TTlde enough to hold spare outer tires At each rear corner have a three cor nered closet for old clothing, etc. At the front corners have several three cornered shelves set in. "A workbench is an essential fea ture. This should be buiit near a win dow, so that there will be abundance of light. Make the workbench of two inch boards and have It as large as space will permit. Do not have the supports, or legs, come down straight to the floor, as they will be in the way, but slant them back to the wall. Make drawers to slide under the bench for holding nails, tools, etc. A tool chest of common and useful tools under the bench u a good friend. Have two electric light extensions also a hand electric searchlight "A life saving equipment is a length of garden hose that will fit over the exhaust pipe of your engine. When the engine is running, with doors and windows shut, fit one end of the hose over the exhaust pipe and put the other end outside through a hole previously made for that purpose. This may pre vent you from being asphyxiated, as the gas from the exhaust is very poi sonous and has been known to cause death." Colombia—the Hebrew Republic. Colombia is the runaway daught of Spain. She is twice as large as mother—and many times as promislt And it may surprise you to learn tl the most progressive element in lombia is not the Spanish population the natives, but a Jewish people call Antioquians, who have Old Testamt names, raise families of from twel to thirty chi'dren and are fast becc Ing the dominant power in the lai both in numbers and influence. lombia is the great Jewish republic of the near future.—Dan Ward in World Outlook. A 8tump Jump Plow. In western Australia they use a •pe dal type of plow called the "stump Jump," on eccount of the fact that near ly all the areas susceptible of cultiva tion in that region are heavily wooded, and the land cannot be cleared of stumps and roots because of the dearth and high cost of labor. The stump Jump plow, which is the invention of an Australian, is so made that it will roll over stumps and other obstruc tions lying on the ground. Gardening. The way to keep up the interest in gardening is not to do the same thing year after year. That is monotonous. Try the new fruits, vegetables and flowers. Hold to the old, tried and true for mainstays, if desired, until the new prove that they are what is wanted to entirely displace older varieties.— New York Sun. Sizes. "I wish a ton of coal, please." "Yes, madam. What size?" "Dear me, I didn't know coal came lu sizes. I wear a No. 3 shoe and a No 6 glove."—Louisville Courier-Journal. An Instance of Woman's Superiority. No man ever dared tell the truth about women only a woman can do it. —KL W. Howe's Monthly. GUARDING A NAVAL SECRET. How England Cloaked the Building of a New Type of Cruiser. In Europe extraordinary precautions are taken by all the great powers to mask their military plans, and con stant efforts are made to ferret out the military designs of opposing govern ments. Admiral William S. Sims of the United States navy threw an inter esting sidelight on this phase of pre paredness when testifying before the house committee. "To show the extreme importance of this matter of a new type," said Ad miral Sims, "when Great Britain first built these vessels (swift and powerful battle cruisers) extraordinary precau tions were taken to prevent her possi ble enemies learning their characteris tics. Great Britain had a number of armored cruisers, and Germany had a number of them. Great Britain knew that if she could build a number of these battle cruisers that had battle ship guns and twenty-eight knot speed —in other words, more speed than any other cruisers in the world and guns stronger than those of any other cruis ers—she would thus be away ahead for a long time. 'She irid down three of those ves sels. In the estimates they were called armored cruisers, and everybody in the world supposed that simply three more armored cruisers would come out, with ordinary guns, which are 9.2 inch, etc. They were going to mount on these vessels eight twelve-inch guns apiece, and they were going to give them a higher speed. "You can conceal the speed, of course, while the vessel is building, but it was wholiy impossible to conceal the fact that they were building twenty-four twelve-inch guns that could not other wise be accounted for. Great Britain did not want other nations to know that these were going to be carried by these three cruisers. So they induced Turkey to sign a contract for those guns, and a certain foreign.attache in London paid not less than £14,000, or $70,000, to officials of the companies to get :o look at their books and assure himself that the guns were being built for Turkey. Of course they pestered Turkey to find out \v'i tt she wanted with twenty-four tei Square is the 1 *1 7' m- inch guns, but In the meantime the \. -sels were com pleted and the guns mounted before foreign nations knew that a radically new type of vessel was in existence. "The British wanted to get that type out because in any conflict with an Other navy that did not have similar vessels the British would have a great advantage. Their scouting power was so great and their powers of destruc tion so great that anything except a battleship was practically helpless be fore them."—Spokane Spokesman-Re view name, Cor. front and IM a-? Our Poor Recoru. The average yield of potatoes in the United States is"T13.4 bushels to the acre. In Germany it is 183 bushels. The average yield of wheat here is 15.9 bushels. In Germany it is 32. The yield of oats here is 37.4. In Germany it is 44. The yield of barley Is 29.7. Ln Germany each acre produces thirty-six bushels. But German fields did not always yield such bountiful crops. Thirty-five years ago Germany raised only 110 bushels of potatoes, nineteen bushels of wheat, twenty-five bushels of oats and twenty-three bushels of barley to the acre. The German soil is poor. The German climate is unfavorable to successful agriculture. Yet by a care ful study of the subject of fertilization it has been possible to increase their productivity by GG per cent—Philadel phia Ledger. The Pocket Stage. It may fainy be claimed that human ity has within (lie past hundred years found a way of carrying a theater in its pocket, and so long as humanity re mains what it is it will delight in tak ing out its pocket stage aud watching the antics of the actors, who are so like itself and yet so much more inters esting. Perhaps that is, after all, the best answer to the question, What is a novel?" It is, or ought to be, a pocket stage. Scenery, light, shad-.-, the actors themselves, are made of words and nothing but words, more or less clev erly put together.—F. Marion Craw ford. Crows and Crops. The biological survey of the depart ment of agriculture has investigated the relation of crows to man. The es sential conclusions are that crows are about equally beneficial and injurious and that they are not so wary and sa gacious as not to need V*gal protection. Lack of this, while not endangering the siecies, will permit farmers to pro tect their crops or other property when ever necessary. Worse Still to Come. Henderson What makes you so blue? Sanderson—My wife's bread's a failure. Henderson—Is that all? San derson—Ail? No something worse is coming. Henderson What? Sander ion—A week's ordeal of bread pud iing.—Puck Then Ma Sent Willie to Bed. "Pa, what is a filibuster?" "A filibuster is an attempt to talk a plan of action to death, my boy." "I see. You married into one, didn't you, paV" -1».-r f. it ive Press. Wisdom provides tMntrs superfluous.—Solon All Suits and Pants made to your individual order in a Union Shop The SquareTailors 106 HIGH STREET Holbrock Bros.». Reliable Dealers in Dry Goods, Carpets, Cloaks, Q,ueensware Millinery. House Furnishings Voss-Holbrock Stamps with all Cash Purchases. IVIeet him at Merchants' Dinner Lunch Served every Day Lunch Counter Connected I I -J* x. .. .„:^'.-i cessary, Spare is our aim "t s Sis.