Newspaper Page Text
PRESIDENT FIFM FOR LABOR LAWS j» OPPOSES ANY MOVEMENT TO BREAK DOWN STANDARDS RESULT WOULD BE HARMFUL Hmr Experience* of England Prove That Overwork Resulted In a Sacri fice of Labor Power—Overtime and 8even Day Week Useless Expenditure of Energy. Declaring that "nothing would be more deplorable" than Betting aside "even temporarily the laws whic'i have safeguarded standards of labor and of life," President Wilson recently placed himself squarely in opposition to the movement to break down labor laws as a wartime emergency measure. Speaking at the White House to the members of the labor committee of the Council of National Defense, the presi dent said in part: "I have been very much alarmed at jne or two things that" have happened —at the apparent inclination of the leg islature of one or two of our states to set aside even temporarily the laws which have safeguarded standards of labor and of life. I think nothing would be more deploratftc than that. We are trying to fight in a cause which means the lifting of the standards of life, and we can tight In that cause best by voluntary co-operation. I do not doubt that any body of men repre senting labor In this country, speaking for their fellows, will be willing to make any sacrifice that is necessary in order to carry this contest to a suc cessful issue, and in that confidence I feel that it would be inexcusable if we deprived men and women of such a spirit of any of the existing safeguards of law. Therefore 1 shall exercise my influence so far as it goes to see that that does not happen and that the sac rifices we make shall be made volun tarily and not under the compulsion which mistakenly is interpreted to mean a lowering of the standards which we have sought through so many generations to bring to their present level." Later in the day, at a meeting of the committee at the headquarters of the American Federation of Labor, British labor men, members of the commission recently sent to this country by their government, out of their own experi ence in two and a half years of war gave expression to similar views. James II. Thomas, member of parlia ment and general secretary of the Na tional Union of Hallway Men of Great Britain and Ireland, said: "One of the mistakes that we made in the war was to forget the human side. At the beginning of the war some of our people worked 100, 110 and even 120 hours a week. They worked seven days a week, too, with never a day of rest. Then they began to get worn out, and conditions became alarming. Now we have gone back to Sunday r&st and Saturday half holiday, and overtime has been reduced. If you're going to have a long war you can't alTord to sacrifice labor power." In answer to a question Mr. Thomas said, "With all the great resources of the United States, serious as is the con dition of the allies, I cannot conceive of the wifining of the war to be depend ent on the breakdown of the child labor laws of this country." A war so won would be lost, he said. tuse it would mean the sacrifice of future genera tions. The Committee on Labor of. the Coun cil of National Defense had been called together by its chairman, Mr. Gompers, for the purpose of meeting the British labor men, Mr. Thomas and Charles II. Bowerman, also a member of parlia ment and secretary of the British Trade Union congress, and a similar delega tion from Canada led by J. C. Watters, president of the Canadian Trades and Labor congress. The British delegates reviewed brifly the experience of labor under war con ditions. They expressed themselves vigorously In opposition to overtime, seven day labor and the employment of Children. While there was a demand for the breakdown of child labor laws at the beginning of the war there was little yielding to these demands, and at tendance at school has not been inter fered with in the least. Wherever women are eniployed-*~and according to Mr. Thomas there are about 1,250,000 of them at work who never were engaged in industry before —the principle of equal pay for equal work is rigidly enforced. In the print ing industry no woman can be employ ed so long as men are available.—The Survey. Labor Stfadfast. We have seen the longshoremen withstand the temptations of German agents we have now the official record of the nonsuccess of the propaganda carried on under cover of labor's peace cffvncll. There have been other as saults, some brazen, some Insidious, on the probity of labor. Their failure bas been practically complete, despite the skill with which they were con ducted and the bank account that sus tained them. American labor under the successive attacks it has been sub jected to since the war began haa maintained the same standards of sin cerity and honor of which it gave countless proofs before Germany dis covered the depth of infamy to which a government can sink. New lorii Son. ir v RIGHTS OF LABOR. 4» 1 am glad a system of labor prevails under which laborers can strike when they want to, where they are not obliged to 4* work under all circumstances, t» and are not tied dowu and obliged to work whether you pay them for it or not—I like the sys tem which lets a man "quit" 4* when be wants to, and I wish it t* 4* might prevail everywhere. I do not believe in a law to 4* prevent a man getting rich that 4* 4* would do more harm than good. 4* 4» So, while we do not propose any 4* 4» war on capital, we do wish to 4* if allow the humblest an equal 4* 4* chance to get rich with every- 4» 4* body else. 4* 4» I want every mun to have a Of the 328 Hr r, v.-re in the metal and ma« i n n i i ".d In trans portation, :'.s in the building industry, 27 in the l-t.ile trades, 18 in stone, clay and gia-.s products, and 17 in cloth ing an«l millinery industil The greatest loss in won in the clothing, mil: Industries. There w e the nine months as year ended Sept. 30, 1015, with 129,102 persons involved and a total loss of 7,124,330 working days or over two thirds of all the lost time of the state. Of this 0,958,000 dav«s wer» lo«t by the 60,900 strikers in New i.rk city. VOL. XVII. NO. 8. HAMILTON, OHIO, FRIDAY 4* 4* chance to better his conditions 4» 4» that is the true system. 4* 4* I am not ashamed to confess 4» that twenty-live years ago I was 4» 4» a hired laborer.—-Abraham T.iu- 4* 4» coin. 4» 4» 4» 4* 4* 4» 4* 4» 4* 4» 4* 4» 4» 4» TIME LOST IN STRIKES. Three Hundred Centuries of Idleness In New York In One Year. Over 300 centuries of time were lost in strikes in New York state from Oct. 1, 1015, to June M0, 1010, according to a report made i.» the State industrial Commission b\ nl"*!epu(y Commis sioner Frank il.ta Thorn, chief media tor in the commissi* mI) ireau of medi ation and arbitration During that period there were 328 strikes reported, involving directly 222, 325 persons, who lost. 8,11-1,IMS days, and indirectly 31,020 persons who were thrown out of employment for 1,460, 725 days, Making a total of 0,581,1(« days lost time. Out of the 2c. Mriko recorded 270 were for increase in wages, 20 for rec ognition of the unions involved, 13 for shorter hours of labor ami 5 because of unsatisfactory working conditions. Reduction in jvatres was not set forth as a cause f.r any i.»- of the 328 strikes nor be u ,,f i .: hours re quired of workmen. But one sympa thetic strike was recorded. There were 120 successful strikes out of the 32 S IV.i were partly successful and 100 were hit The state bureau of mediation and arbitration intervened in 90 disputes and adjusted 54. Two pub lic investigations were held by the bu reau—in the Buffalo.electricians' strike and the strike of the Buffalo Southern railway. nme was I kindred ••I rikes in 15 in the Early Railroad Troubles. The first railroad strike was d.v.-ed in 1S77. The use of this weapon did not become widely prevalent until the period from 1NS8 to 1803, when there was a great number of important strikes in the United States and Can ada. Iti 1802 the industrial and trans portation world was convulsed by six great strikes, including the one at Homestead, Pa., and two railway strikes. Fully 100,000 men were affect ed by the railroad strike of 1804, origi nating with the employees of the Pull man company. LABOR NOTES. Fifty cents a day increase has been granted common laborers and some of the trades in Billings, Mont. The unions are the schools of the workers, where they learn the lessons of democracy and independence. Municipal laborers of San Francisco have secured an Increase of 50 cents a day, which brings their daily wage up to $3.50. Nineteen hundred local unions are affiliated to the Carpenters and Joiners' international, which has a total mem bers hip of 250,000. Nine hundred and eleven local unions are affiliated to the Bricklayers, Ma sons and Plasterers' international, which has a paid up membership of 70,000. Stationary engineers of Austin, Tex., have received an increase of $5 per tnonth at the city plant. Coal passers and stationary firemen secured a dally increase of 25 cents. Reverted. "Before marriage," said the boat swain, "I used to hold Nancy on my lap two or three nights a week, but now—shiver my timbers—she alts on me all the time." CLIMBING TO SUCCESS. Advice to Young Men Who Want to Get Ahead In Business, President Bedford of the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey has him self traveled unaided every step of the way from the valley of obscurity to the summit of success. I asked Mr. Bedford to tell some of the things he had learned during his Journey, to give some suggestions or pointers for the guidance of other climbers. "Well," he began, "my advice to every young man would be this: "Do everything you are told- and do It with all your heart and strength— willingly, cheerfully and enthusiastic ally, and then look around for more work to do. "Don't measure your work by hours, but by what it is possible for you to accomplish from the time you enter in the morning- and be early rather than late—until the place closes in the even ing, and don't quit the moment the place officially closes If there Is work still to be done. "Read and study and think along the lines of your business. Learn what it is all about, what service It contributes to making the world go round more comfortably and efficient ly. Cultivate the habit of looking ahead, of acquiring as much foresight as possible. Have imagination and vision. "Then try to plan out your life, to map out a course consider and calcu late the steps necessary to carry you toward your goal, go forward step by step—and don't get your sequences mixed. Do one thing at a time. If your job at the moment Is to keep books master bookkeeping thoroughly and study the fundamentals of ac countancy don't, merely keep your books mechanically. From accountan cy go on to study finance, and this will help to open other doors. Or if a man starts in u manufacturing depart ment let him i master that depart ment and then learn all there is to be learned about other departments. Thus will he become familiar with the whole process of manufacture. "His next step would be to learn the outlets aud the uses for his manufac ture—the market for his product. By studying it aud how much his mar .i\e or will not take he be able men-handise man. ket will comes a This de iug and i till an e\« way to the fei1" along 1 still lie i! Forbes in knowl baudi Tools For the Farm. In Farm and Fireside are given the following list of the tools every farmer must own: "Under the iiMe of 'Repair Shop,' O. I. Gunness, a Massachusetts machinery expert, lists the following tools as in valuable on every farm. The chest in cludes ripsaw, crosscut saw, claw ham mer, steel square, jack plane, block plane, spirit level, brace and set of auger bits. Many other tools might be mentioned, but with those listed practi cally all of the necessary farm carpen ter work can be done." Four Governors In One Year. In one year once the state of Maine enjoyed the novelty of having four governors. The year was 1843. Gov ernor Fairclii! 1 vais elected to serve that year, bn. rc-igned. lie was suc ceeded by Governor Kavenaugh, presi dent of the senate, but he also resign ed. Then Governor Dunn, speaker of the assembly iooiv t!,e chair, and he M(a.3 succeeded Governor Dana, president of the senate Governor An derson was elected for the year 1844. Declaring War. There Is a real distinction between declaring war and declaring that a State of war exists. A government de clares war when it purposes to make war on another country. It declares that a state of war exists, as the Unit ed States did when another government bad already attacked it Fleas. Fleas are abundant in the n,Eii cou of manufactur iualides him to 1 It is genera i and opens the top, whereas ontent to jog department will began."—B. O. Loyally Must De Blind. y believed that business and poetry I v nothing In common, yet when Tennyson wrote "The Charge of the Light Brigade" he committed to paper the most vital lesson a business employee can i a a—the lesson of blind, blithe loyalty. .\ commercial organi zation can live in which loyalty is lack ing none can largely succeed in which it Is lukewarm. The man who accepts pay must give more than his time, more than his intelligence he must give also his heart. The boss may bluur der, but the right kind of employee goes ahead anyway, doing the best he can.—Electrical Merchandising. orient and afford the subject of many proverbial expressions. This insect is only twice mentioned in the Scripture-, in Annuel xxiv, 14, and in the same I o,k. i. 20. Her Expression. SUckton—They tell me your daughter |dngs with great expression. FUcktou —Greatest 3011 ever saw! Why, her own mother can't recognize her face when she's^singing.—Puck. Not Being Done. He—What did you think of the play? She—It wasn't true to life. He—How so? She—Well, the wife continually asks for money and gets It—The Lamb. An act of yours Is not simply the thing you do. but It is also the wajr joh do It—Wendell Thililps. Refuses Dutch Proposal For La bor Congress at Stockholm. BERLIN BLAMED FOR MOVE Amerioan Federation of Labor Officials Believe Plan Was Originated at Be hest of the German Government. Conference Called Without Consulta tion With American Union*. Having failed in their efforts to get representative Socialists from the Unit ed States, Great Britain aud France to attend the "peace" conference to be held in Stockholm in June, the pro German promoters of the plan have taken a new tack. A labor union conference has been called to be held at Stockholm at the same time. The so called international labor conference, like the proposed So cialist conference, is to discuss sub jects related to peace. The labor conference was called with out any consultation whatever with American labor unions. Although its official Inception appears to have taken place In Holland, there is a strong sus picion In the minds of American labor leaders that it actually originated hi Berlin and that Scheidemann, the Ger man Socialist leader, had a leading part In the movement. As a result of tills suspicion the American Federa tion of Labor has turned down flatly a request i» send delegates to the meet ing. Samuel Gompers, president of the American Federation of I^abor, on May 24 received the following invitation, cabled from Amsterdam: I am charged by tho International Fed eration of Trade Unions to Invite you to assist at an international congress of trado union centers, which ia to be held In Stockholm Fulkshus on June a. Agendo, discussion and establishment of claims of trado unionists at peace negotiations. I beg Informal!'"? v wire of the names of your delegate ae Dutch Federation of Trade Unions In Uarge. OTTDEQEBST. Mr. Gompers promptly cabled the following reply: "Long before United Slates entered the war American Federation of La bor proposed an iuternatlonal confer ence after the war and at tho time and place where the representatives of etlch government were to meet to determine the treaties and international relations. That proposition was rejected. "Now after United States is In the war you propose a conference be held In Stockholm at same time and place when the so called International So cialist conference is to be held at Stockholm, and this proposition, too, without consultation with trado union centers of United Suites and other countries. "There is no time by which American organized labor could select delegates to attend the Stockholm conference, June 8, and cannus see how any good could come from --r participation In such a congress at this time." It was explained at the state depart ment that the Logan act would not be Invoked against attending con ventions, either v. mis country or abroad, where the abstract question of peace after the war, hut having nothing to do with the tinal terms of ieace of the present war, is discussed. Passports will not be denied to per sons desiring to go abroad to attend and participate in su/h conventions. The reason the government was with holding pasi j"r I-. :he American So cialists elec i 1 i- resent this coun try's Socialist pursy at the Stockholm conference was btcause, It was deciar ed, information had been obtained which indicated that some of the delegates were acting as the agents of their re spective governments. Those agents were believed to be German aud Aus trian, chief among whom is Scheide mann. Ship Carpenters Win Strike. The Mathis Shipbuilding company of Camden, N. J., following a conference with conciliators of the federal de partment of lubor, announced a settle ment of the strike of carpenters and calkers that began May 15. The com pany grants the demands for Ml 3 cents an hour and a cum hen:- dav. $ $Mfl «f» Jt tjp 4$t iji Q» «g UNION WISDOM. If there Is to be unity of labor, it the full strength of labor is to bo realized and the workers are to receive the greatest benefits through co-operative effort and concerted action, there must be no warring factions. t» The union label represents «S» united labor and is effective to «3» the extent that labor is united and does Its duty. If there were no warring factions the union label would be much more pow erful than It Is today. It has done much for the i-auso of lar bor, but stands ready to do thrice or ten times more when ever the workers get ready to drop their petty Internal strife and get together once and for 4 all in unity. 4 Remember your povror as pur chasers is your strongest weap on. Patronize all union labels. LABEL LEAGUE. The purposes of the Label league are to weld into closer relationship the local unions and union made goods and that they may have greater influence In the settlement of any disputes, to make It possible for the aliil lated locals to co-operate in the extension of organization to deal with measures relating to union and nonunion made goods to give an opportunity for har monlous co-operation of the wage workers In the defeat of men or measures antagonistic to organized labor or the public In general to support men or meas ures politically that are of ad vantage to the labor movement —Dallas Toller. MARK OF FAIR DEALING. Demand That Merchants Show Union Label Before Buying Good*. It is now the time of year when we must be rebuilt as to our wearing ap parel. For as much as we may dread it, a change of season is encroaching upon us, aud we must shed our older wears and invest in new ones commensurate with the changing temperature and our purchasing powers. But we've got to get them, and whether for the head, feet or other body coverings we've an opportunity available to do the fair thing toward those who have obtained fair condi tions under which they work while shaping and making these multitu dinous articles of wearing goods. Those who make these lines of neces sary apparel are waging a constant struggle to keep the union label there on and representative of the nearest approach to equitable work conditions obtained by those whose minds and hands design and make them. They ask of us, who are also con stantly insisting upon the right to en joyment of union conditions, that we play fair with them to the extent of practicing good union consistency and always make It our business to Insist that the union label representative of the craft making the article is visible upon them. They are quite within their bounds of propriety when reminding us of this matter, and we are very much astride the union labor ethics we hold out before the l^bor world as being rep resentatives of if we do not keep their appeals in mind when making our In vestments in these things. This question is always in order, and we should always make it the first or der of business when in mercantile es tablishments. But just now it is especially so from the fact of such a fight on part of fae tories to have open shop (nonunion shop) conditions prevail. The only sure and permanent as surance of maintaining humane work ing environments in factories and workshops is by a continual insistence upon being shown the union label on your purchases. Let. us be firm in our insistence about this matter, for it is right and just that we do It. Farmers to Blame. Refusal of farmers to pay better wages despite the high prices they re ceive for their products Is held partly responsible In a statement by fxuis Post, assistant secretary of tfc? labor department, for the present lack of farm help. The demand for funn la bor, Mr. Post says, must bo met large ly by the employment 0? boys this summer and by the release for short periods of factory workers for harvest ing crops. The department Is complet ing the organization of a boys' working reserve and is urging manufacturers to let their employees co io the farina wherever possible. Exempt From Wage R?is*. Pennsylvania state v-orkuien's com pensation referees b. office on the approval of the act, April 20, 1917, in creasing salaries of such officers from $2,500 to $5,000, cannot be paid the In crease, according to a decision given by Deputy Attorney General Emerson Collins to Dr. John Price Jackson, com missioner of labor aud Industry. There are ten referees. For Civilization. The only conceivable way In which there can be a permanent advance In civilization is by improvements In the condition of labor—greater rewards, shorter hours, better education and, in general, a healthier, happier life. LABOR BRIEFS. There are over 30,000 machinists em ployed in New York city and conligu ous territory. The war is a terrible thing, but' we are in it, and it is not easy to seeliow we could keep out of it. Mediation of labor disputes by a na tion wide machinery Is planned by the committee on mediation and concilia tion of the Council of National De fense. Secretary of Labor Wilson bnought about a settlement of the recent trou ble In the shops of the American Loco motive company at Schenectady and Dunkirk, N. Y. The 7,000 stripping men of the'llazle ton (Pa.) district have agreed to accept the same wage increase recently vol untarily granted tke miners of the so* ihraclte field by the ce&J operator*. tu V JUNE 8, 1917. $1.06 fKR TEAS fhc A Few Suggestions on the Best Grip« For Hands and Feet. The importance of the general equip ment of a golfer in all its details is often overlooked, and it Is therefore proposed to mentiou a few tilings to be remembered. Perhaps the greatest problems are t!i- i.est grips for the hands and feet. far as the former Is concerned, to many this is no trouble at all, for they just rub some pitch or wax on their grips and have no fur ther difficulty, but there an- others who canuot use either of tl. because It makes the hands I taking away much of the a- nc of the game. Something In the way of an alterna tive to be recommended is rough rub ber. One would Imagine that this ma terial would wear the hands out sooner than anything else, but this Is not the case. There seems to be a prejudice against wearing gloves for golf, but they are really quite easy to play in, although It takes a few weeks to get thoroughly accustomed to them. Gloves have the advantage of keeping the hands warm, as well as preventing them from becoming sore, cracked or blistered. A Arm gTip for the feet Is Just as Important as a good grip for the hands. It has been said that the ordinary nails which are put in golf shoes are not much good. Gymnasium shoes are •uggested for dry weather, but are practically useless if the ground be comes at all wet It Is a great mistake to play in gymnasium Bhoes or those with no heels and then suddenly to change to thick soled boots, for when these have studs or nails fitted the player stands quite an Inch higher. A difference like this Is apt to alter the game of any one considerably, and one golfer who tried It sliced all his drives until he got accustomed to his higher pocdtlon. Spare is the name. Square is our aim All Suits and Pants made to your individual order in a A player should always see that he la thoroughly comfortable and should avoid carrying bulky things In hiB pockets, such as balls, which often get In the way when approaching and put ting. These articles should be placed in charge of the caddie during the roond. or, failing the caddie, they •hould be put into the pocket of the bag. No golfing equipment is complete without a rag or duster to dry the grips In the event of rain or to wipe the hands If they should perspire ftn hot weather.—New York Post. ROAR OF Union Shop The SquareTaiiors 106 HIGH STREET A GUN. Oau—d by Sound Waves Flung Out by the Expanding Hot Oat. The ad noise made when a gua la ftred ia due to an exuioaloo. the BUddaft CK lifOS. Peliabii LieJers Id Dry Goods, Carpets, Cloaks, Queenswaro Millinery. House Furnishings Voss-Holbrock Stamps with all Cash Purchnpep Arffc A A A Meet him at i rry j,-. •"& Car. Front mcrcnanis Hisrh Sts. and Served every Day FOR GOLF PLAYERS. Lunch Counter Connected escapes Into the air from the space In which It was confined. Now, in a pop gun the gas that i ^pressed and then allowed to exii la air which already exists as air. But there is n air or any other gas iu a cartridge, an i the question ta. Where does the ssjj come from that mathe noi-e a ..i fires the bullet when en in What happens Is mat we suddenly burn a powder we have prepared (if materials such that when they are burned a large quantity of gas will be produced, and it must be produce'.! very suddenly if the full explosive pow er is to be obtained. We have another great advantage in trying to make thw kind of explosion, as we have not when we fire a popgun—that is, that the gases produced are exceedingly hot, for they are heated by the burning which makes them. A hot gas naturally occupies a great deal of space—far more than a cold gas—and so when we tire a gun we suddenly produce a great quantity of hot gas in a tiny space which is not nearly sufficient to hold It. If this were done in a closed box It would burst the box. but In the case of the gun we have prepared a way out for It —only that we put a bullet In the way. Out comes the gas. driving the bullet before it. and as it expands it starts the wave of sound we hear.—Kansas City Star. Unfamiliar Uses of Molasses. Molasses Is not only the most Impor tant byproduct of beet sugar manufac ture from a financial standpoint, but Is also of particular Interest chemically and from the point of view of the va riety of ways In which It has been utilized. Among these are cattle feed ing, alcohol production and extraction processes. In cattle feeding the mo lasses Is mixed with alfalfa meal or beet pulp when available, as the mo lasses l.n Its original state Is too sticky for feeding. Alcohol and vinegar am also made from molasses In this coun try and abroad. Metallurgical and Chemical Engineering. One Word. "There Is one word that we quickly learn In five languages," said an Amer ican Red Cross nurse who served iu a French army hospital. "It is the worfl that comes most often to the Hps «f sick or wounded soldiers when suffer ing or delirium wrings utterance from them. It Is mutter, mere, moeder, ma Are and mother." The Last Word. "Your better half likes the last word, doesn't she?" questioned the confiden tial riiend. "I don't think so," rejoined the otfc er. "Anyway, she is always remark ably reluctant about reaching ft.*— Philadelphia RecortL fifi c-