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Ghe Butte JIaut Ituteth Issued Every Evening, Except Sunday, by THE BULLETIN PUBLISHING CO. Entered as Second-Class Matter, December 18, 1917, at the Postoffice at Butte, Montana Under Act of March 3, 1879. PHONES: Business Office, 52; Editorial Rooms, 292 BUSINESS OFFICE AND EDITORIAL ROOMS, 101 SOUTH IDAHO STREET .SUBSCRIPTION RATES: One Month. ............. ... .75 Six Months . ..... ........... 3.75 Three Months ..................$2.00 By the Year....................7.no The Daily Bulletin is on sale every day at the following places in Butte. Jacques Drug Co., Harrison and Cobban DepoCDrug Store, 82t Enat Front St. George A. AnIm, Ic., 316 1 t N. Main St. O 0. News Stand, West Park St. Internationat News Standt, S. Arizona St. Palace of Sweets, Mercury and Main Stn. Thrkins* Grocery, 1023 Talbot Ave. Everybody's News Stand, 215 S. Montana Helena Confectionery, 735 East Park St. MONDAY, MAY 19, 1919. Woodrow Wilson said: "If there is one thing we love more than another in the United States, it is that every man should have the privilege, unmolested and un criticized, to utter the real con victions of his mind." For having voiced "real con victions" Eugene V. Debs and thousands of others are dying by inches in state and federal prisons. STAND BY THE PRIMARY. C;olsidelrablt' of it 11 ( 'Ind ('I'\ aga,'ilnst III( lllinlary\ law is Imliceablle ill 111( orpans ()I Ilia; businles, 11(1 l ig ptoliticia1ns throlglihi ul Ite sill(t. On the ether hald, a perusal ()I the. edi turill collunms (I'fil 10 p blientions (II 1110 still( dolt are not ('(n irilled i y tu ig titsine( s or Jill] ititi'iiini w'ill show that the fialters of the Mee(((te are Ili'ormlly against the repeal 1t the fl riiiiliaryI iind llth' reversion I11 ni li lt atedt coivu t iollin ii i lifics \, whell Ill(' Gwill of t' ulleI was subjeeted it the desires of 1i' iai'ei. Ilt t I le i ein si t of e ublic-spiri ed tt ilizens of the siide -t tisll t Ih,, fail In lick the iho(ts of the Ii; t orl tlrations i ti thIe tioeuhf i(t-(be olliied l Mosses-- there iii Ile no dIo ibt isI til he Il t isability of itaint ainint h fli t' ilte riae y eleci ion sintl. In efee t dais itha are ilWiled wev hen i nomintiins were Ita ie Ian elee lions assured at convivial meetings of a few selected friends of t hat cor teor iriinjs nudit't ir political Iei iirit stit S 1tihe t eotule of the , eate -t M tinit a hai lliteu tty' of ol tll' tlu ities tI wit nessi i file \vorkings (1I 111,1 s}'stela. Sinte the plrimlarv sydteni has I peen(ii "i I hI' ey ii hivt liltI opports i it I n see hi\\' tll l stes tn ti o geierahtes an l, he it said, the ts ivant agt, t ' ro m the silgI' :(iiet of thit' people, isi l i tue oh tell iietW('I1tlhe irill'y systen i. Granted, there are defets in ie 'I'eseitt prinit ry lam. tither Ihtriuig the Il iniittiive or through their fIagisl'tuor's fite ieouple iiii liti' state ian s etorec those eit't ens; biti evfeis the lawi niiactr w li h oigle I eat i ls is h ldtIi r by s Iii tes n a rtlele n Iti tlie 01(1 syslenº \vwhen. I'm. a f't' dollni's palid lifta he hauals of the c111 vtenlia n tile ulese , ci inatlil bc heetii eo.ghl and elections strue vtll. irreif wtiie 41 ishe desire, it ihe milleilllle. The fui l Ie d en l tndis bile and cry againsi f it1t'i i j i iiig inated livitn Pallet ii(i i ('xiil leatters i whose loaudership was takon iliawai iui e ft lli ehrough flthe (iriiiarll, shoui t , in itieli. he suhinciel I fl 1ai11 file wayI ev'ery soli'-respecting vaolev of' ble eatse thuis skil i1essiti uet istiouutn ' its ieteal. T iiher is but lilie datedfl IhIa every citizen a ilule. ili Shit possible exce ausion hii y ile Treltnyfl Ibo (irovlieys, the as ifs ay ul o gh t ther siili' 5 i il i i lh 1 live through n iiipu iilihu city o'ies, will slani solidly cI'r ihti rel lion of o-u lrimary law. The olleoin emylerst.els theI in Silver to iii . nos seveln as in other cou bies e tile state, p-litiings of th flrotesa are teing ir c1datmd in iltc ri Iw ay eve. the Voting on t' proposed re p leu. It is oine duy io every tihizen of wiol co figne such i lpelilinn fur's \wif th heir well kinown abilitie's it lmakig' Mlacke iippe'ar white in the mutter Ili e'let'inn returns, if is harely pos sible that the llroptonenIs of' the repeal mnigh~t sot ni uinlght, tile unldouibled desire of 1110 people Iin countionue the ltrimlary b>' matking the return read that it lhad beenl repealed. FREEDOMV FOR MOONE Y; FREEDOM FOR CLASS WAR PRISONERS; THE GENERAL STRIKE ! The g'e rlelt str'ike hill Mu'l'l us~ed ly fi'Itlle nh r mov1\emon'1is of Europe 'ot' mann )'ears: as a wouapon1 with which Ili ob1luin econ nalic and political reform s it has Item Ioumlln In he the most powerful possessed by labor. TIhe general strike is the resull of file growing kniowledge', the increasing conv\it'ition Ill labor that the institutions of the capitalist idae,. tInct'ionl idly in Ili interests of file, nnlpin ing class, 111 ever' els(' in whdlich thel is iii hits been'i betlweenl hte mirk (:es iii! thelir exploilt'rs, in every l'st' wher('e workelyci' halve had <hir't lives anld liberties jeopordi'lzedl because 111 (heir ntef'tivitis ill inidustr'ial disputles. in every ('a,(' where th ill(, r \hiltil'' le bvveen tut' classes has resulted in a revonll of the oppressed, mlu tcfile's dill Hull sn1metlimes maill' \ny w kers, hatve lilt('( sne( rifhned lul the alltar of' riling ('Jas, hailred: they have been per secuted nett punished fir their tomeltrity in chlleuging the rule o1' the master by the t'ourts and ,judge,, of capitalistl. Al limes; the perseciiutio fakes nn the colic Ill legally, Ilse olT'tnling w\or'ker is sent to lprisont henanse he has v'iolated a Itlw\ enacted by bought rind paid for legislatures at the behest oft Union Stock Holders in the Butte Daily Bulletin Uý MINE WORKERS OF AMERICA-Locals: Sand Coulee, Stcket, Roundup, Lehigh, Klein, Washoe, Red Lodge, Smith (Meat .reek). FEDERAL JABOR UNION-Livingston. HACHINISTS' RN-Great Falls, Butte, Livingston. MACHINISTS' 1Ni Great Falls, Butte, Livingston, Seattle. CEREAL WORKERS-` ;Great Falls. TYPOGRAPHICAL UN1ON Butte. BLACKSMITHS' UNION--- te. Miles City, Seattle. ELECTRICIANS' UNION-- Livi ton, Deer Lodge, Butte, Anaconda, Seattle. BAKERS' UNION-Great Falls. SHOE WORKERS-Great Falls. PLASTERERS' UNION-Great Falls. RAILWAY CAR REPAIRERS-Livingston, City. MUSICIANS' UNION-Butte. BREWERY WORKERS' UNION-Butte. - HOD CARRIERS' UNION-Butte and Bozeman. STREET CAR MEN'S UNION-Butte. BARBERS' UNION-Butte. METAL MINE WORKERS' UNION (Independent)-Butte. '. PRINTING PRESSMEN'S UNION-Butte. MAILERS' UNION---Butte. STEREOTYPERS AND ELECTROTYPERS' UNION-Butte. BRIDGE AND STRUCTURAL IRON WORKERS-Butte. PIPEFITTERS' UNION-Butte. BROTHERHOOD BOILERMAKERS AND IIELPERS-Butte and Livingston. STEAM AND OPERATING ENGINEERS-Great Falls. BUTCHERS' UNION-Great Falls. BAKERS' UNION-Butte. INTER\ATIONAL MOLDER'S UNION, LOCAL NO. 276-Butte. LAUNDRY WORKERS' UNION, NO. 25--Butte. PLUMBERS' UNION--Butte, Seattle. BROTHERHOOD RAILWAY CARMEN OF AMERICA, LOCAL NO. 224--Miles City. TRADES AND LABOR COUNCIL-Miles City. HOD CARRIERS' UNION---Helena. BROTHERHOOD RAILWAY CARMEN OF AMERICA, COPPER LODGE NO. 430-Butte. * BUTTE FOUNDRY WORKERS' UNION-Butte. TAILORS' PROTECTIVE ASSOCIATION-Butte. BOILERMAKERS, SHIP BUILDERS AND HELPERS OF AMERICA --Tacoma, Seattle, Livingston. INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD OP BLACKSMITHS AND HELP ERS, LOCAL NO. 211-Seattle, Wash. WORKERS', SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' COUNCIL-Painters' Hall, Seattle, Wash. BUILDING LABORERS' UNION-Seattle. INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF BRIDGE AND STRUCTURAL IRON WORKERS AND PILEDRIVERS' LOCAL NO. 86-Seattle. AND THOUSANDS OF INDIVIDUALS IN BUTTE AND MONTANA prisonlbecimitse Mamlmnton ill California must have its pontid of tieshI. The worbld knowts thin1 Mooniey is innocent. his illlte'('lCe has been prolvlel by evidence th11t has never' lei'i m i nid i ittit tie ir if tted. His innocence has hPPIn proved 1)V the fuel That every wtil hess 'roighl by tie prosecltion has been proved to be It per ,jllrer. It uts been proved that Fickert, the degenerate iwho holis the itlice of the district, attorney, combed San Francisco's infamlnous red-light "distriet 1'01 men and women sufficiently i(eitilltlched to sw'eia'i away the life of Il fellowmlan; it has proved that Pickerpis wiltiesses not only lied on the witness stand, hIlt. tHti they represenltd every shade and degree of (tie depths to which hliuili hings (in descend in an attempt to satisfy the pervetled pission l ot their natures. Many labor melt of Sin Fra'citco have tIrveled the primrose pant that arrays leads to treason to the wo~rkers; the Pali( that is paved with the gold of the (:hauner of Commierce. 'They coati not hilt 'Tmon ]Mlooney, so toady lie dies a living 'It'tt t e is shit it wit fItroml the air Wilt the sunlight he loved so well. Ile 'nniot see tle iiiillroll (itf thie io ' for whom he worked, I'm- whorl Ie Iried to manke a better worMl; he is in prison when the workers Ieed brave spirits such as his, as they never needed theat hehfoe. Tlhoumas Mooney is not the only worker in the ,Jails and pen itentiaries of the ittliess 'illing class. M1ore thiln live thousa~nd men and women of the working class, liten and woilien Who dared It challenge fihe sutpremliacy of the (nighty ones of the earth, men and women whlo dated to tlnestion the power of the masters to live for ever on the labor td i the workers, inin and wi m en of the worker's p 'itt i vision till(] colu'ai le, Will' brains awe ability that the masters fear are slt' h'eti'ig the ilet' l and physica tortures that make ip the life of the victims of' a hatar'olus capliI]iita ls . slole wol'kets wlio are oteut of jail! What are you doiig tio right the motilrot s wr iongs that it 'iag(alesed and terrified ex ploiling class are in sieting ol yo u' fellows? Ai'e you going to perlmit the oppressio'' 'tnd(1 the persecution It increase unlltill t w irkel lares to raise his voice in defense ("I his class? lAll We Ilt conftinue to how filit' hea ds f' the wt'eighti of op 'ression or arie w tint to do as the Mooney defense lomii ThI itt l buitiitite 11 ' swter ltht' U seca privilegenlitis y wotk itih iieis l a bi ot Sili e f t ul ityo if li iiiil tlapope ha' so. ie l pro lilt Olle t Itiee e lili t iiii fot' 0lieold0prtie bhrings tille sti'iai 'l t n giiitl' (' u bmtil i' ltIn titi nwrohis anied te (ifdiltiesl iii' faill good e"l'g? oalfreo ornlte olr LI I Mv ie of a C i ty Farmer Playing Hookj , LI flLL ,1 j(Lopyrlw" Political and Industrial lon ditions in Europe and W& . (George P. West, the author of the following article, re cently retired from the position of special assistant to Mr. Basil Manly, one of two joint chairmen of the United States war labor board. Prior to that he was editor of the Public, one of the national magazines of liberal opinion. Mr. West is perhaps best known for his connection with the ipd ustrial relations commission, of which Frank P. Walsh was chairman. the federal body which conducted a country-wide investiga tion several years ago, revealing a remarkable story of the con s piracy of capital against the workers in this country, and placing before the nation facts regarding the industrial situia tion which form a basis for all campaigns for a better indus trial order. Mr. West was one of the chief investigators and joint author of the commission's report. Mr. West has re cently been engaged to write for the Bulletin, in connection with the Fargo Courier-News, a series of letters on pational, industrial, political and social evenits of great significance.-' Editor.) New York, May 19.-All through the winter's developments at Paris and until the publication of the treaty with Germany, liberal opinion about the peace conference and the league of nations has been exceedingly timid and 'faltering in America. Socialist scoffing and ridicule have been plentiful from the beginning, but it was h1ld to be merely a con tinuation of the socialist attitude to ward the war and all its works. Men and womnn who try not to be doc trinaire and who. fear snap judge ments have kept their minds open. The attitude throughout has been one, not of skepticism, but of a great yearning hope that somehow the hor rors of the war would justify them selves in some degree through the medium of Wilson leadership at Paris. Today we have the result before us, and there is a sudden lifting of voluntary censorship on popular judgment. The American is a pro vincial, if absorption in the problems besetting 100,000,000 people can be called provincialism. He is loth to project his mind and itnaginationlto the European field and form judg ments as to what is happening there. But today the duty is upon him as something that he cannot escape. And we are already seeing a rapid breaking down of doubt and reti cence. In what follows the writer is con vinced that he is merely charting the tide of liberal opinion as he meets it here in the east, without prejudice and without interjection of his per sonal views. He has himself been one of those who deprecated too intense an interest in foreign affairs, on the ground that our first job here is to take those first steps toward rule by the plain people which must nec essarily be concerned with the im mediate domestic interests of the average man, on the theory that not until our workers and producers are united on their most immediate in terests can they unite on larger ques tions of foreign policy, and on the additional hypothesis that, once unit ed, their attitude toward these larger international questions Is certain to be the enlightened democratic atti tude. Today we must decide what we think about the league of nations, because our domestic future is tied to the plans of our diplomats and we can no longer withhold our approval or condemnation if we are to make even a pretext of intelligently direct ing our own affairs. Without exception, the true demo crats of press and pulpit and plat form and street corner have decided. And their decision squares with the judgment of the British labor party and the French Federation of La bor and of such British experts on international affairs as J. A.-Hobson and Normal Angell and Brailsford and Webb and Lansbury and Shaw. This judgment is that the league of nations, so-called, is nothing more nor less than an alliance by the strongest financial and military pow ers of western Europe, plus the Unit ed States, entered into for the pur pose of permanently destroying their enemies and bringing the entire civil ized world under their control for purposes of economic exploitation. As for the ending of wars, liberal judgment is that the hutmiliation and destruction of Germany, the Ignor ing of Russia,,the exclusion of most of Africa and Asia and Latin Amer ica and neutral Europe from the league and hence from any voice in affairs, is the surest method that could be devised for ensuring future wars as soon as the excluded nations and peoples can band themselves to gether in an opposition and resent ment as bitter as any that every raised armies and precipitated whole sale slaughter. Consider the provision of the league covenant that confrol of the league shall at all times rest in a council of nine, of Which five mem hers shall consist of England; France, Italy, the United States and Japan. The four other members shall be ad mitted at the sufferance df these five. It has been pointed out that this is equivalent to the proposition that the United States of America shall at all times be governed by a council to be appointed by the gov ernors of the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Ohio and Illinois. Consider the failure to apply the principle of mandatorits to any colon ial possetsions except those of Ger many. France and Italy are still free to exploit as they will their colonies in Tripoli and Morocco and West Af rica. England is still free to do as she chooses in ggypt and India and Ireland and Africa. We are left free to work our will--Wall street will in Latin America. Consider the adoption of the Brit ish government of conscription as a permanent peace time policy. Con sider the failure of the covenant to insist that armaments be reduced, or to provide any limitation except "ad vise" that may be ignored, by spe cific authority of the covenant. Cot sider the failure of the covenant to contain any ringing declaration that the making of war shall be considered a crime. Consider the explanation of ficially put forth that each nation shall be free to increase her army and navy according to her geographical position and "national interests." Consider the refusal of the con ference even so much as to hear what the official representative of the struggling Mexican d e m o c r a c y crossed the ocean to say in defense of Mexico's attempt to reserve some benefit of its great resources for the people who own these resources and whose labor develops them for the profit of New York and London bank ing interests. Consider the omission of any pro vision for popular election of dele gates to the council or the larger house of delegates that shall control international affairs. Consider Article X, unamended while many other articles were rad ically altered, by which every nation signatory to the covenant pledges it self to safeguard the territorial status quo so that the spoils now falling into the laps of the victorious nations shall be retained always. It is safe to say that nothing could have been arrived at so eminently satisfactory to international capital ism, to the spoilsmen and exploiters of every major economic power, as the league of nations covenant and the peace treaty of Paris. Perhaps it was the best that could be hoped for in a World governed by economic imperialism and privilege. At least we can face that fact and, renew our efforts to smash Imperial ism and predatory capitalism. This judgment of the peace treaty and the league of nations is of course the signal for thoge.who opposed our entry into the war to assert that they were right all the time. They say they would have liked to see some good come out of the war, but never believed that the good would com pensate for the bad, and that now they know they were right. There is no question that liberals who sin cerely favored our participation are disappointed. They ha4 hoped that President Wilson' would join forces with the British liberals afid labor ites and the French socialists and bring us a peace of understanding a peace in which a disillusioned Ger ' pany in democratic hands could join itl4h1 the other nations in the healing proilees of reconstruction and inter nationa+- co-operation. They had counted 1R. something of the spirit of Christia sj creeping into the peace arrange ts and supplanting fear and hatred bQ een nations. Yet they ate far from agleing that the outcome demonstrates fltp futility of the decisive American effd4 to over come the imperial German govern inent and its military powei" The wisest of them, ,ljdeed, anticip tqd about what has occurrei, and stlfl saw as the first task at democrats the world over the' decisive defeat and discrediting. p the ambitious and philosophy of thi'd tle wiho ruled Germany. For ljack of the German aggression was something worse even than predaciogy capitalism and eco nomic imperialism. 'There were these things in partnership with an archaic, barbaric worship of pomp and pow er, a superstitious exalting of one man as something more than human, a perfect medieval infatuation with the "flaming sword" and the cult of organized violence. Even to the ex tent that the professions of the more democratic 'nations' meant hypocrisy, even that hypocrisy marked a big ad vance over the avowed belief of Ger many's ruling cast in the right. of might. And so long as there existqd the danger that that barbarism wopld prevail in the world, the sins of the other nations would look white in comparison, and we should never have been able to join the issue with privilege and imperialism in our owh countries. Always the menace from something infinitely worse. would li5.v silenced gri cipt. at. holde `"O sanetified those.ya ,l, whidh vwere much lessingly, orat, e, ~-so n.0i' less obvious in their ugjiaess, thdkh tlth thing which ais ee&'the 'cdsnA nianders of 'the h t' t.y mart0 into Belgium in 1914. We have any to consider the situationsof the woar today if the imperial dernuan gov ernment were now 'victorious. tl1 the forces of privilege itn the allied 'nattons that 'now -loou` up so l hile ously would then be concealed fropn men's eyes, and the non-Gernian world would be facing a long period of preparation for doing the job that now lies behind us. In a word, the sins of plutocratic governments are manifest to us today, and we are left free to deal with them, only because the soldiers of the allies have dis posed of the uglier thing which ob scured our vision because it was the greater threat. The armies have done their big bit in making the world safe for democracy. Now it is up to us. O0 SFAMOUS WOMEN I Anne Boleyn. Anne Boleyn, queen of England, was executed on this date in 1536. Henry married her very quietly after his divorce from Catherine of Aagon, and soon afterward she was crowned at Westminster with unparalleled splendor. In due time 'Anne gavy birth to a. daughter, famous Queed Elizabeth of later years. For two and a .half years after this event the roydi cq iple lived in apparent Itdtrintiy$ Then Henry professed to be troubled by rumors -which reached hinm accis ing the queen of bestowing her aftfe tions upon others. Later open chajihs were made add Anne, with her broth er, were tried by the house of pebrs who found them both guilty and con demnned them to death. Today's Anidverstry 0 Ob FIRST FREE SCHOOL. The first free school wds ope igd in New York 113 years ago today, and was the outgrowth ota pjasm to sptablish a tree institutioh for tlhe education of girls. The little schodl in Madison street was the begipuins of the' great metropolitan systenm of public schools as it exists today, and the pioneer institution still exists as public. school No. 1, During the last century popular free editation hlus made the circuit of the civilized globe and illiteracy has become the exdept tion instead of the rule' in all ' ad vanced nations. Bullettin Want Ada E4et Results. Phone 52.