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Mr. Scn-r moved to mnen-.l in as to fix the basis • ‘ -f * House of D si«g '<'• *‘n:he free r/bito papu la s*»uand taxation couibit.ed And tlm ayes and nee- were calledfor. t Aiks—Messrs. Barbour, (P.) Juries, I, igf of Cli. f »yior of ('h. Giles. Brodnax, Drotngoole, Alexan der, Goode, .Marshall, Tyler, .Nicholas, Mason of S. i rezvant Cl'ibortie, Urquhart, Randolph, Leigh of it- Logon, \ en ible. Madison, Sianard. Holladav, lioane, r*iy!.*ruf Car. Morris, Garnett, Barbour of C. Scott, M tone. Green, Tazewell. Luyall, Preufi-:, j Grigsby, Bratieh,Townes, Bales. N-'iiio, Rose, Coal tor, Jovnes, Bayly, Upshur, Perrin—15. Noes—Messrs Cloptow, Anderson, Coffnian, Har rison. Williamson, Baldwin, Johnson, M’Coy,Moon*, Beirne, Smith,. Miller, B .xter \J *r er, Fitzhugh, Henderson. Osborne, Cooke, Powell, Griggs, Mason] of F Naylor, Doimld.-uti, B »yd, Pe .dleton, George, I M’Millan, Campbell of \Y Byars. Clovd, Cli apman, i Mathews. Oglesby, Dniicun. Lnidlcv. Summers, See, 1 Doddridge, Morgan, Campbell of Brooke, WYson, i Carnpb»*JI of Bed, Claytor, Saunders, CabfttrMar tin. Stuart,Pleasants. Gordon, Thompson, Massic— 61. So tJm amendment was not carried. Mr. S*pkw \rt, tiiaved to strike out the words 1R40, and insert 1650, and the ayes and nocs were called for. v Aves— Messrs. Barbour, (P.) Leigh of Cli. Taylo cf Gh. Giles, Brodnax, Diomgoolc, Alexander. Mar shall. Tyler, Nicholas,Clopton, Mason of S. Treevant, Claiborne. U.quhnrt, Randolph. Leigh of H. Vena ble, Sianard. Holl iday, Roane, Taylor of Car. M r fis, Garnett. Barbour ofC Scoit, Macrae, Green, Tazewell. I, lynli, Picr.ti.s Grigsby, Brunch, Townes, j Martin, Pheasants, Massi**, Bates, Rose, Coulter, | Jnynos, Bayly, Perrin—43. F^Nok3—Messrs. Jones, G ode, iderson, Coffman, Harrison, Williamson, Baldwin. Johnson, M’Coy. I Moore, Beirut!. Smith, j\!t ler, Baxter, Lagan IVladi- | son, Mercer, Fitzhngl*, Llonders'-tt, Osborne, Cooke.] Powell, Griggs, Mason of P Naylor, Donaldson, Boyd. Pendleton, George. M’Millan, Campbell oil W. By ars, Cioyd, Chapman, M .thews, Ogle.-by, Duncan, Laidloy. Summers, See. Doddrid'a” M»>r i gan, Campbell of Brooke, Wilson, Campbelf of Bed Claytor, Saunders. Cabell, Steart, Gordon, Thom son, Neale. Upshur—53. ootite emenuinviu was rejectee. The question then recurred on .adopting Mr. Dod dridge’s amendment as amended, and the ayes and noes were culled for. Ayf.s- Messrs. Anderson, Coffman, Harrison, Williamson, Baldwin, Johnson, M’Coy, Moore. Be'rne, Smith, Miller, Baxter, M uiieou, Mercer, Fitzhugh, llendc son, Osborne, Cooke, Puweli Griggs, Mason of F Naylor. Donal-on, Boyd, Pen diet on George, M’Miilnn, Campbell of W. Byars, •Cloyd,Chapman, Mathews, Oglesby, Duncan. Lai ley. Summers, See. Duddridg •, Morgan, Cmnpbc.il of. Brooke, Wilson, Campbell of Bed. Clnytor,1 Saunders, Cabell, Smart,Thompson, Massie—-to. Nobs—Messrs. Barbour, (P.) Junes, L*it;li of Ch. Taylor of Ch. Gi’cs. Brodnax, Dromgonle, Ah xnn dcr. Gnorle, Marshall, Tyler, Nic holas, Cl »pton. Mason of S. Trezvaut, Claiborne, Urquiiart, Ran- ! dolph, Loigh of H. L igan, Venable, S anard. Hoi- j ladny, Roane, Taylor of Car. Morris, Oariie»t B-r-j hour of C. Scott, Macrji-*, Green, Tazewell, Loyal!, Prentis. Grigsby, Branch, 'I’ownes, Martin Pica suits, Gordon, Bates, Neale, Rose, Coulter, Jovlies, Bayly, Up.-hur, Perrin—-iR So the amendment was not carried. The question then recurred upog the resolution of Mr Gordon as amended. Mr. Cooke said he had always been a firm, and by some called an uncompromising friend of the rights of the people Such he continued, until events 7 ro ved, that what he wished could not be attained. It was early ascertained, that a compromise must he effected, or a svpara ion without doing any tltiiv. He deprecated the latter, because he be'i ved ;t w,»uTd cover i iiis fair Commonwealth, in blood.-ln d and ash cs. lie had heard, from a very numerous class, the non freeholders, that they considered themselves bondmen and sieves, and there was a settled deter mination among this class or the communit v. m his section of country, t > r sis t i‘ ro id la.v*, .md m> lit in laws. Ucthoiglu.r. would!)) but a poor an swer, to say to th no n hi 1 oahouic.'s, u*c uegln ,.uve pecurud a principle, which would have i’dmPtod the greater proportion of y hi to your rights, but w. would noi, because wr could not get all \ye asked for on the basis of represent iti >n. Mr Cooke said, t iu> i* would be better to adopt tliurnctidm-’nt of Mr. G than Co separate w thout do ng any tinn-r. M Cooke then pointed o i1 some errors, in iii > "•sl.iinutc of the population of 1» >9, made by the Auditor, and paid, that that estimate was too favorable, to the trails-All-ghany country. Mr Cooke wont into some calculations to sh nv, that the proposition o: Mr G. was m >r 'avorable to the west, than the proposition of Mr. Pleasants He hnrlanother objection to Mr P’s proposition, that it w >ui t give a perpetual negative to the minor ity, and that it would cause a continual scene of contention J\lr. Cooke then stated some facts in relation to a confer-nee of 'h- W-stero m -mbers, in which it was •greed to support Mr Pleasants’ proposition, although Mr. Cooke and Mr. Henderson p.eferre l the proposi tion of Mr. G. He sai l he had red -c-tied tile plcd>' he then gave. He ha-1 done enough for party, and now Jie should go for his country lie believed that al though the proposition of Mr. G. was not all that was right, yet he believed 'hat under the circumstances it was a fair compromise, and winch be believed wou'd be acceptable to the people of Virginia. Mr. IIenokrhox rose to siy that .-Sully concurred in the opinion expressed ov M . Cook-, fie believed he could convince his cons'itti«-n»s that lie was right, or at least that he was sincere. But if not, he was con tent to take the consequences, lie had desired to go with his friends from the west, but he could never surrender his own judgment to any '.an, or bod> of .men, Mr- Cooke and Mr. IJr..vi>!.n.so.v both avowed say ing what Mr. Leigh had reported to the Convention •9 having been told him this morning. Mr. JorvSox said it would not be proper for him to vote on this question after wlnt had pass il without giving* an explanation of 11:9 views. H* ha I sai l 01 a former occasion that he had no- g-v-n a pledge to vote for any measure. He had voted for the prnposi tious heretofore submitted because tic thought them the host that could he attained. He should now vote for the proposition of Mr. G. not wit 1 the expectation of sinking this vexatious question, for tie believed that il would exist as long as the interests of men shall op erate on their minds. He should hope that some pro position may be yet carried for future apportion ment. hir. I romps.>jr rose to explain the Vote he should give. He had not changed his opinions, hut he earlv said that a compromise was necessary. H • preferred the compromise Iterlofore rejected, which had been reported by the Committee of the whole, but he would vote now for the proposition of Mr. G , though lie had no hope that a Constitution formed upon such .» basis would be adopted. Mr. Mkhcek rose for explanation. Ho sai l h • nev or was pledged to vote for any prouosrion If he be lieved with Mr.Crtbkc in the dreadful consequences he had predicted, he would give grntLme-i 3 carte blanche. He should vote against the proposition of Mr. Gordon. lie $nv no reason yet to despair of suc cess after the recent vo'c on the resolution .If'-red by Mi*. Doddridge. Tile ayes and noc* were called for. Atf»•—M "ssra. Harbour, (P.) .1 me*, Leigh of Ch. Taylor of Ch. tides, Brodnnx, I>romgoole, Alexander, Goode, Marshall, Tyler, Nicholas, Clopton, .1 .boson. Mason of S. Trezvant, Claiborne, U'fJ-ihart, Randolph, Leigh of H. Logan, Venable, M uhsou, Sianard, lloila day, Henderson, Cooke, It >un •, I'ayl >r of Car. M >rn=, Star nett, Barbour of C. 5 <» , Micrae. G.-eeu, T .z. well, L >yall, P.cnt.s, Gngshy, Campbell of 13.-<l. Branch, I”owmi*s, \1 irii i, PI-i* 1 its, ti rim, Tbo.op. - Son, Massie, U ites, Neale, Rose, Coalter, Joynt a, Diyly, Upshur, Perrin—55. N uia • - Messrs. 3"(ltrton, C'lifiiun, Harrison, Wll ioms'.m, B ddwin, M’Coy, Moore, Heirne, smith. Mil ler, Baxter, M -rcer, I'ltahngli, Osoorn-, Pow-ll fciasou of i. Naylor, iioualUwii, b >yd, Pen. dleton, »<>orge, M’Milian, Campbell of W. Byara, *"ret*, i r,f vi itr,,r«-s. Oglesby, Dincxn, Laid 1 •• ’ OtxMrrige, M »r,r m, t:.ie>;>b'II of li.-.-ott*, uii, Olavt^r, S;«iiri'l«r<, <’a!> II, Stuart—4]. Su (hf am n lnv at Was a-!opt< d. And V cn (lie Convention adjourned. Substance of Mr. CtL 2 l\ *lA.X'JO fl.X'SOX's Spec-1 on the fiasi'ijf Representation—-(coatixiikd ) The policy of inter nl improvement, Mr. Chairman is not an invention of I lie west tor enriching th uisolvc-, and imp-ive. idling their neighbors. It is the policy el thestniosmati and the patriot. 1? was recommend ed to us, in Virginia, by the fathei'of his country;_ and has (bun 1 Us mo t zealous and distinguished ad vocates, in the eastern districts. Whoa adverse cir- j cuuistances htid thrown it into >oino discredit, dark- j ette<J its p»osjiects, and dumped ilu: spirits of its ! triends,—who, 1 ask, wore foremost in their efforts, j to vindicate its character and re animate its hopes?_- 1 Let the meeting ot Charlottesville during the past j year answer this question;— n meeting invited liv a! voice from the low lands, attended by a few members i "from tlie west, and many from flu* east of tin- Blue j Ridge, whose presiding officer was the distinguished ' member of this convention from the county of (Sr.ujge,1 once the President of the United R-a'cs'. and atnon^ j whose most active members were the President of this convention, the Chief Justice of the United j S'ales, the gentleman from Chesterfield, and other •• very distinguished eastern men, now members of this convention. ; I.et ms look on the map of the State and sec what jro-t of the country is directly interested in the policy j of Internal Improvement. Its narrowest limit will oe found p; -scribed, hy the Potomac mi the north, the Ohio on the west, Hu line of No; o Carolina on the south, and the head of tide-water on die east. V,|d to this extensive district the towns of Norfolk, Peters i burg, It chnuui.l, Fredericksburg, and Alexandria, with the counties adjoining them, in whiclskhe direct inter- : est is quite as manifest as in .-my other part of die State and you leave hot a very smalt district, not directly i-i* I terested in this subject, llut in truth, sir, the interest of internal improvement pervades the whole common- i wealth. 1’he tide-water country, which requires no ' improvement in its muds and rivers, has an important interest in the improvement of iu m ukets. Whale- I ver will incre s-.* the population, the wealth, the me.-, cnit il<- capital ot their market towns, must <-nh nice the Value of every acre of their lands And permit me to* sugges*, that under a prud-nt system of mt-rnal itu- , provemenl, patronised by this gov< num-tit, the bene fits to ttie tide-water country, though they might not he so great, would he more certain, and the risk of loss less, ih »n to the immedii-.le district m which the im provement might he made. Suppose, f .r example, the government to borrow the money nee- ssary for completing the James river improvement, and to pro Vide hy law for a tux on the land, or a toll on the pro ducts of ttie J unes river district to meet the interest on the loan — in this case, the whole risk incurred by the tide-water country if, '...at the means . mployed to pay ttie interest on L ie loan may not he»«-freotuui —and this risk they encounter, in common with the James r. ver district and ev r-. o^-ier part of the Sta'e. If the improvement should succeed, that would secure the means of paying die interest on the loan, unci lav a sure foundation f.r ttv. prosperity of then- principal market town;—ail thus without p.tying one *!o!’nr for it, the tide iv tier country connected with ft chmoiid would cm'.,; >y the benefit of au improved market. A.il what would the James river district enj-.v?_ 1’iie tvenefit of aa improved market, it is true, anil of unproved transportation,—but subject to the t:.\ c. ssary to pay too interest on the loan. It would d •- : peud entirely upon the comparative value i t this tax, an.'f ot thes • benefits, w .ether lie J mvs river interest would be promoted or injured, by the successful im provement. If the tax were equivalent to the diminu tion i.l freight resulting from the improvement, then the J lines river interest would have gained nothing; — j if more than equivalent, it would be injured; -and it would be beiuliilfj, only in the event, that the saving of freight would he more than equivalent to die ta.i imposed. I nis interest then would incur the double ! risk of loss,—first, by the failure of ttie i -.provemenl; secondly, by ii iv ng to pay for it more than it was 1 worth- Apply this illustration to :dl our navigable i streams v.'i;:.:k require improvement, to the towns con-! nected with them, and ttie country interested in their markets, and you will perceive liow e&seniiativ the in. t< rest in a w-.-ll conducted system of internal improve ment is an i terest of the commonwealth, and how un wise it would be to regard :t as h partial interest, au l to excite local j-aiousies concerning it. Considering it in tliis light too, you will acknowledge the injustice ot regarding it as the means ot taxing one part of ;he commonwealth for the benefit of the other. Indeed, the very moment you adopt die principle of making the local districts pai the interest upon the expendi ture, and hold their lands mortgaged for the payment, you secure f-oin those districts the Utmost practicable caution m all their pl»!t3 of improvement, you make them as careful in accepting loans, ;•» the State should tie in granting them, an I you give to the agency of t io g-v. . n-nent its true paternal baracter, employed in assisting the prudent and solvent members of its fa indy in laying the foundations of their fortune. Uut it is not to such a sy stem that the objections of gentlemen on the other side apply. M ist of them, l doubt not, would be its patrons. They fear tne opera tions of a differ* nt system, on which, whatever might be its object, would result in throwing the expenses of every great improvement upon the Stale at large, while its profits would h;- nu-u.ily enjoyed, f.et us then examine whether this w >-i!d lie the probable con sequences of adopting the ii .su of white population, and whether it would be avoid-**! hy the compound basis. When danger is ipprehendrd from the prevalence of local interests -gainst the interests of the St «t--, Hie most obvious inquiry is, whether any one local interest, or ;n.y combination of them, can probably co nmand «be power of the government. I.ooknig to tin divisions of our Slate, with reference to the various interests in the subject of internal improvement, you will find the gen eral interest guarded agamst the local power, by mure n iinr.il ramparts, tuan were ever created upon the face of any country on earth, capable of half Hie improve ment to which ours so strongly invites. It is this very capacity for improvement,—the numerous objects which so strongly s dtcil it, that constitute the real difficulty in our »istem— and present almost an insu perable barn -r to any improvement at all. The country east of the Alleghany, and above tide water, is divided into threegre.it interests, the Poto mac, Hie James river, and the iioanoke, and two su bo r I mate, thus- <>t toe Kipp.ih.innock anti Appannt tox, not to mention the vet smaller interest of the Ra inunke>. Tin* trios Alleghany interests might b- as 9->ciated m |> irt with tin* Hires greater interests in pla> s ■ d v. ry extensive i iijir.>vor,i nt, but as to all minor <»!> j-cts w hi d be subdivided, with reference to its own mvigabh sir-a ms. An inspect ion of the map and the tables f popuiatio i wil simw you, that the whole lo cal interest, eastern an 1 western, attached either to the 1J comae, the J unes, or th- It >,poke, upon a iy plan of improve ment, however magnificent, will em brace less th in o ie-third of the white population of the State—and so it must be forever. Neither, there t'-re, alone* could command the power of the govern ment,—e.irh would guard the commonweal'll against anv i tiprovsdeiit scheme which b otlier should espouse. It most then be from a combination of ddfere.it interests, that any danger vv->u!d be appre hended. Is such a combination probable? Thai winch wr.ul I be most natural, perhaps, would h'- bet ween the James and th-* Roanoke, because their principal market towns, Norfolk and Richmond, have commercial connexions, which might be advantageously extended. Uut such a cooibio it ion is feared by nob o <1 ; it IS lo no Wise probable, and if tor n d its local interests would not c ftbruce a majority. That which set-ins to he apprehended, and which is least improba blc, is * combination between ilv James and Potomac. Is not this apprehension unfounded? It ought to be remembered, that one of the m st interesting objects of an enlarged pla" of improvement connecting tlie eastern with the western waters, is tb£ w< stern trail-; that, in this object, the Potomac and the James would be rivals-,—anil therefore, that com bin ifion between them would be l-ss probable. The vast expense ol the two improvements, which should connect die James and Potomac with the west ern waters, would present another serious obstacle »o the combination—an obstacle which the known reinc. u; .Lc y.Ujdo of '/irgiuh*f W/*-W the luxe*, or incur tVhJ, would rentier almost insuperable. Itut supp -3*- these obstacles removed, suppose tb* local iritftrits ot J Hints ri'* r ml. Potomac pr> pnr- .! to lay . t. »\vn fl.*>ir rivuliy i.r <-verv * xpc'i^e ti < ■'k t ‘ o Mtairun. at »>? ft 1« t < u c.^eci.hptv th*-,'i an! s r c »}t:o»lion of power? I ;mui the brsis ,>f white population, the western ! \‘‘to is osttiucued «t 5G. lJut ofthr? western country, i the counttesot Gr.iyson, Montgomery, W’vtl.c, Wa3h | tnglon, Scott. Lrc. Rus.-ull, Tazewell. Log in, anti .Gib-!!, belong ru-itucr t •> the Junes river nor the! j Potomac in oresist. Their population entitles Them j , to twelve votes, which must he deducted from the I j huy-s-x, h aving forty-four To tins add the vote of! . those counties on tins side of the mountain which j have heretofore espoused cither the James river or • the 1 otom.ic interest.—Loudon, Fairfax, Aib 'inurle, j Amnerst, Nelson. Fluvanna, Goorhlnm], Bedford, I ■"II1^ Gatnpoell, also the vu?e of the cit v ct'Riehinomi, I i in nil thirteen, ami yon give to the combination the | pu\/ r of lify-.sevon against sixty-three- It must then I I -seek o her alliances to be successful. Where will it j lavor them? Will the south western counties that l 1 have • numerated unit** with them? i li.u I 00*1 ot sympathy originating in a conmnii fvcIi tig ot i common injury, which litis heretofore gixeii s<> modi power lo ; Hie «ustern vote, may unite them, unless yott dissolve it, by npo, tngilie bn-is of white population, Jc earning every local in- ' tctc-t lo sytiipathi ?e only with thn interests of ilia common',vcaith. ! Uo mi-, uicl liter*? will be no better reason, why the south wes- J tent counties should unite themselves with the James and Po i toniac, than there would oe :.»r such a union of the Ctoanoke counties, below die Mountain 11 ,e, <Jr Rappahannock interests unite?— l hey could only Ite on 'runs witch v.oitld promise them, the achievement ol their objcetsefiniproveint nt; terms, which v n.tld swell the v tn.e ex peases still higher, atul multiply the difluml l,es , Sl,cc‘-S- A"«l tl this object is to he obtained, only hv comhutatmiis ol this sort, will! c easy to shew that the compound 0 v ti would be irj security against them. I lie compound l a is. i( any thmg wniM, would entry the whoie western vote, in unbroken phalanx upon this subject. I li.tve eUcwhcre, Mr. (ii.uiM.tn, referred ttt tlte well known tnhuence of tins Vote, in tin* legislature of Virginia: ami this refcieticc has been treated here a* a thtPai used to influence tin* proceedings »>: iliia <'oave.itim Never was i!,« nu:niimn of any one tno.e entirely misconceived, if it ha* be-.-n thought ’"for a inuintml. that l referred to the influence of the Im.-k'wonfls v.iic, with any tiie rent itest intenti.in of hold in • it en tnwrreni t.ver tlte inenthers ol this Convention, bir. i mentioned :t. vv.lii far different motive,-- t.nd it is wonderful that they si.mJ.t not have hceit understood;—1 itiriitiotied it as art t v d, which it was desirable to rein**dv, ns the natural cf feet ol that sense of injustice, which tin* Western people hud so long felt, as a reason for believing, that an attempt to deprive liiein ol power, by denying them their just shim* in .lie rcl-icoeiiiaiiou,--\ynuld on many occasion, defeat its own object, as it might g.ye more p,.\vcr to then c .naeri than you bail taken from their te.ittiherx. If I h; 1 tnju-ve.ltli.it f*-- ic mas a single tticinher of the CiiuvetilKiti capable of being iiitl.ienced by such an appeal to his fears, I would have disdained to addie-s myself to him. 15ut 1 repeat, >ir, that tl then: is any thing, which could uii.’e tin* whole Western vote, in .avornf the combined scheme of improvement, vvhicli we. are now considering, it would he your compound ha-i * *^ tppose. them thus united:—tint \\ estertt - ole upon tlte coui poimu basts, is•• >—the vote of the mm; Potomac and J.imes K v.-rcoiintf.x, ou this side of tin; Mountain, wool.! he 1C—mat 01 the c;ty of iiichm.ind, nearly :'* -making in the whole vii v.i:c*>. a small majority If the ter. south western counties, or any of the n should not unite, the combination 11111*1 only look f>r an equivalent, in an alliance with the ICnppr.hammck or vppo i.til.ix. J tic whole force 01 die ten sontli western conn tics upon tlte compound basis is tint « lotes— which subtracted Would leave the strength 0/ the James lit er, ami I’ntomac in’ t: ■St; M vacs—a:*d leave lUc.u i* .cvk 7 aihe; fan, ..... districts. In.u-o views of the fit J ::t were to shew vow, that upon '""■‘'T basi*, die State is perfectly safe jYoin i!; • 'domination ot any disc great local interest;—that upon neither i- it safei from cotidiiiiatious ul them, if such comoniattons he p.action. Je at alt. -that in iin.- respect if there he any difference between the lu j, it can only he, that on the compound basis the etopbaia ll’>u re.pi ;rd may he a little more extensive, and rherelure a It.tie more Mischievous in its consequences But tor, when we , arce.toin mat the great body of the orate above and below tlie Mountain is directly interested to .ts internal unpin, einesit, r.I what gr. at consequence is it to calculate the probability of com lunations? ] tie policy must and wiil be cherished, and when ever plans tire presenter!, which recommend theiu.-civcs to pub- j be approbation, by their apparent practicability and usefulness, j they will be adopted. Clunilentc.i hove tin'posed, that us die j nu'ie expensive improvements, were best suited to the western I in’e.-t iT-,—as tiie estates tif tiiu item people wr r. to be most i improved by 'hern, and ns they contributed the smallest pro;.or j lion ot the taxes, which might tie necessary to dcf.ay the*ex | prftise,— they would ire less cart-tel in counting the ev ils and 1 more disposed to encourage extravagant and tuiuous projects. 1 \\ ithout stopping to enquire whether me western people i I,,,.,, *—~» lo'ervst, m the mer* expensive impiovcrr.cnts, t at.. i content to have sim.vu you that the Valley people at lea:! con tribute man for man, nearly as nine!; tax as the eastern people_ that the whole west when the inequalities of the last a.- ess itn-iii shall have been corrected, will contiilnde fully in t ropor uomo incur ability to pay,—-hat the man of small property, pans With a lythe ot Ins pi.nit-, vein, as much e.iuumi and re locta eras the man of targe property, and that the lbcal tax in ilio form ol tolls or otherwise which the local district must pov lor every improvement, w.: at mice secure a rigid an,., t on to us economy and usofulness, and guard the public inter ** ' My purpose ut adverting to the argument, turn is to shew toe consequence to which it leads. Ob.-Vrve,—the a,-.rent is t ort the western people will advocate improvident expenditure,! «>i public mpttey, ip the improvement cf th.eir estates ixv.ause »*.uy contribute unequally to die pub! n fre-vune_IO cont.ci winch, power should tie g.vrn to the eas ern peooie, by -iving tlmm representation, m proportion to their taxes and numbers combined Now it is obvious that if the money is to be exV.cn ded, in the imptevement of western estates, the ntooitahiv ot cotiitih.it.'’>ns cannot he the only or the govern mg motive with western men, looking to their interests, for advocating the ex penditure. Suppose the contributions equal, suppoarTtlie U l.’s tern man to p ay dollar for dollar with the eastern man and their j-mit coutribotions to he applied to the nnp.uvemrn; ot we-iuru estates;—would not the expenditure still he an object otjjdi'sire to western cupidity? How much difference would it in ike in the conduct of an interested inan wtrether for the. im provement of hi;- own property he was voting bail a dollar of his own money w.th one dollar of yours, or one dollar of eat h.‘ You would have as little conudetice in him, hi the one case as in the other If it he true then that the western people arc interested in improvements that do not interest the east,—and that they would tie tempted by selfish consid erations to expend the public money in those improvements, without adequate indemnity, then it is mapilest, that no safeguard would be found far the interests Of the east, in the circumstance that the woat paid an equal proportion ui the public tn .cs. In suen a state of things some other argu ment must he found, and doubtless would be found to justify the refusal of power to the west. We should be told then as we are told now, tt at to secure the property of the east from the power of the west, the government must remain m the hands of the estern people; and some new basis of representa tion would be devised tuiffjct it. Would not this lead to the conclusion, tita1 the tide water country* ns least of all interested in internal i nprovements, as the m ist impartial arbiter be tween the various local iutciests, is the only proper depository of the power of this government? Before 1 take leave of the subject of interi-.ol improvements, allow mo a brief explanation relative to otic, which scents to have been much misimderttuod here I allude io the damns River improvement—winch has been treated in a manner cal culated to cast imputation on its friends, and throw discredit on the system in the yc.tr l/iila private company was incorporated, for l the improvement of the. navigation of this river, and fixed tolls i on transportation allowed thorn. They made the contemplated ! improvement, and had hacn for many vuarx m the enjoyment of: very iar;e p.ofitx upon their stock much complaint, however, t wax made against them, for imputed neglect til duty and viola tion of their charter These complaints were most earnestly a d prrsevcring'.y urged /min the south side of the river, and the legislature was repeatedly pressed to charter another com- j puny with privileges incompatible with those of flic .James riv er company,—and to declare its charter forfeited and void.— These measures resultetl, in a resolution of the General Astern- j lily directmg a prosecution in the general court, to ascertain • whether the charter was forfeited Tending this prosecution, | the legislature, by n compact with tin: company, assumed the whole mterpst, ard entire control of the subject/ and passed a law for effecting an improvement deemed ol great importance, to the commonwealth, by a continued canal from Richmond 10 the month of Ruulap’s Co ek; a turnpike mad from theitcc to the gr.vit falls of Kanawha, and removing the obstructions to llift navigation of that river, from thence to the Ohio. This law provided for the »«icsxiiir.nt of tolls upon the transport,! , tmn fur the purpose of Indemnifying the government for the rxpett&ei '>f the improve.nent: and in order to give assistance to the local mterext that it would not he prematurely or unjustly I hurthened. a plod'c was given in the. law itself, that the addi t on.ti toll imposed should nm exceed one third of the saving >11 the price of transportation, effected t.<y the improvement. Great pains had been taken, by repealed surveys it. report* of < o nipis sioners and engineers, to ascertain the probable expense and value of the improvement: and some confidence was eotertiimC' I m the opinion that it wax practicable, at an expense not bur then* ome to the Slate,—ihat its consequences would be very beneficial.—and the reduction of freight so great as to ju.-ti/y a toll winch would repay t at interest of the money expended, and not exceed one third ol the saving in the price of tr inspor tat ion. Ncvfrtltclc•<, the CcgHuturc, with wi.vs precaution, so laid out the whole into convenient factious, as to give them selves the iienefit of actual experience nt the progress of the work, and to enable them, if they thought fit, to arrest it at Mich points as., falling f*i siiort of the wnolc plan, would iiavc grhiev cl objects val'iaW'- in themselves, and promising j rcasonpblo profit open the expenditure The first section was the canal from Rirlmtcrid to a convenient point on the river, beyond the ’of tat i<\l tniusa vj z «-i whi.-h In* in th.» vic;nit/,w»she encomi, thy turnpike road,—ami the th.rfl ♦»,» improve* r„ti.r the navigation of the Knrawha. The ml.* an* r> < . nere • cx peered fo indsmmCy tbet *r • uses nf the fir t - - t*,i,e ,-f,on • ilie toniI the-■ ,nthe r »ll* on th<» valoai '. v t»*- V i* a* vtr g up o-. •* .* h.viav ,at were relrej on : ■ i.-.eun !\ i e ' ' “■ '*“' ’*l<d t ■ as fc'li •v*’d til .t i. expi i:.*•-.-c • * :h«* * :;«'r pr . lion <»f the :u ;>rn -uncut, i* c>** three sections would im permanently useful They were there I J.ire itnitu 'tu.h !y provided fur, anrl in the course of ft lew years i coirrJeitd. I he mountain section— the canal through the F>Iu“ liKlgft.—was the result of subsequent legislation ' When The j three nrsi sections had been finikhrd, the rxnenccs of the canal i " f°.far c'rp ’ded the estimates, that the most zealous fru-n^x | uf the :tnprov0inetit. douMeit tl»e propriety of prosecuting -S- ; whole plan to its completion. It was in this state ofthings that ! trio nun mortal toil on TohAcco whi nvmim e:i I* <! to thft J.?<*i£ln • tore by tin* Hoard of I’nh'-c Works, and was advocated on’twu ■ ground*;-first, that the interest ol the tobacco planters would j we|i justify tbii, oiTeriug, which by increasing the revenue <>t the i company, would restore confidence, and might iiltunatclv secure t success to die iinpio.eiht.nl in which they were deeply ioterer: c.l; and secondly, tlim j isiicc required it, inasmuch as the t:>Jl on tobacco had hren originally too low. in comparison w-itli the 1 toll on, our and other products. A hill pn^ed the Home of! Uelrgaies, m^osmg this additional tax,—and in the Senate. of winch 1 wost,ion a member representing a lanning and not a ! planting distrait. ! ttr.uod with the most decided fnend- n; the James river iinprnvein^rt, in the toharch districts and else where, in a r.-jlons opposition to u.e law. insisting that it would be. a breach ot !l,,,»* *» '*»< wrung in itself and would! alienate Iroin the iniiirovenmni ihe affections of some of its most ennMaiit Iriends. Tiis bill, Imwever, vus catriud, by tin* vote o. the hast, combined with the enemies ol the iinp'rovcmcnt every where,—mul with a few we-tern members, who were I Ol had been friendly to ft. It i« not just, thereto:** to -ha- p * this law to the bad laith of the West. 1 charge it not to bad . ■•tiili ur innsqier moiives any where fiYnrlemen no doubt, at.lecl as th*'y iiMJn ;i.t \v.*s b«it flu? bnv is iii»que*Mioiialily lo *;o ehaj^Mj ip the vote < i tl»o<e m "cminl, who won: tm lrmd:y to the -laiiws liver impr* vcmer.t. I have hut one word more to snv in r.* latino to thn improvement—and that is, that notwithstanding the had ecnitomr with which the work has been done, it having cost at least one h.inrtned iter cent more i than we now think n me* lit to hausci.st, yel the income from j the t d.s (iinrshes a rca»r,n:ilil.* profit tit-.on the wiiole amount • et.pi'udeip—and that the freight upon t:..r.sp.*i-ia!ion, fi, m that ! d;-trici at the head or the ( r-i « •**_!,-.nod .,yeiro r | the lull iH'iicfit of that ini) r vr ee*, has hcc.i reduced m e I a’,1 I thought this explanation called tor, bv liic .* narks of the eciulciHti limn t* auquier (Mr Scott and others, nnrt h,.i*e Uiat it may remove t-oniu prejudices atul quiet some fears Pro pt* • i I IUc|tnonii _jn RSPAIi MORNING., 1>RC, ■*}, j # CONVENtYoiV. j The only yu^liou deci.lwlyo-leuia . in Cor.vnnii, n ol much uiijK.rlaHfe, ivrs tk :tJ p io:» of an amend-: (lit Mi the ro <»liiiio:» of the I >:ooi:t.vo 0«*j<iMiir jit.*, as-amtiitieci in Committee of the Wind .*. by vvlti. !. ; '*'l*r* * * v. *2 nor ox the Cnrtiinnnwf'alt.ii to jjn cloclr i i .'»y t..c niiii.'ll 'd ■, ultis tor the rr.t. i iiui-urous bran.-h ot tii*' Ltgi .a.ure, ami to holt? bis of.ict? for f21r<*■> j years, instead of uiectiii by (ht* I,egisii:*(u**o u*. i reported by ihe Coriijnittec. Tiiis auieadnitiit u as | a.ini’t* »i by a \>*le oi :»0 avus, and 'i*> tiucs. V'. i* believe* ibis: vote has *c-ti!e<! !be .inodrnf, t1. .t i t ho Con vent ion v. ii} not a <• rcl -*»* nny cons, uni n:i t«, i bt submitted to the poople for adopti >n or unions ifn* proposition of Mr. Gordon fixi«:K the ba'! sis 0. r(*pruj»t.'iilaiinn, L*e am* tried bv isoiut* provision i for fa lire apporliouiur nt, uh.oli siuo. li« agreeable to 1 ,he m. nibfcis from the woet. in widen tu.-u ;t is pro- j 'babie the election of the Go;eri.cr will be rriveu i j tlie Legislature. “ ! i he- proceedings w;Iiappear to morrow, legislature. Hoi.-Sj- Qjr Ut.iiio vrr.i, R, c IS | A communication was reccivetl from Urn Senate*concurring j ,. ' passage of die Bill, providing ihe Surther appropriation o. eight thousand dollars for ihe extension of u,» Konawba I urnpike, to Big Sandy River. ■ >n rngrossed bill, lo authorize s* separate election in tin*, county of Scott, was read .» ihii i time a,„( Scyora* reports were received from the Committees. The petition of Levi Henshaw, agent for John McKinney’s hens, was reported reottonnhle—the j rtiu !l3 , f Hu, a Hkhcirun an.I Kt-iMicr brum, rejected. .The petitions of f-eli.\ Ferii and James \V. Eva-, f voice, rejuted. ’ a L‘ . j Resolutions were received from the Ouuipiitre of Roa i, a-ni i | Internal Navigation, rej.cfi/injl,,- petition from Nicholas nod ‘ i Lewiscc.iniies, lor a repeal of theaet conrerniag Elit and Guv- i I an dot te rivers, authorizing money to be raised by Lotiiw tiir f i a rna.l from tiie termination of the Pennsylvania run.I on u.c easier si border./ tbe Ohio river, to the Ohio river —agreed io ' I by the House. ° t j Several petitions and resolutn ii \vt rt* j rc.-ented anti referred 1 . Duunn n JI i I Several petitions were presented r.;.J rcferied R jsoimi.ms j ; wore received f.cm tiie Comir.iure of I tJi.vts of Justice. ij. J I ri,'d *hc petitim; of Armistead Bruce,executor of James Biu • ! I praying the passage of an act anther...ng a sab: of land, rca i sonahic*. lhal the petition nfTrudove, a man of color \irav. ■ ! j»5 fo puriain in the (JomnionwraMi. a? a bee.nan, be j | J ball he peliti n of the rir.-/.en< of Harrison county, p'laying > j that a., men over the a ;e of 60 years in: exempt from servin' l on juries, be rejected. i’i,at ihe petition of Ihe widow uu.t i | news of}.do.oiid Iriiy, praying a ,ale of land, lie r.,rned j A motion was made to reverse the oniiuou of ihi: Coiomittre l t.i. the last case, >vhicii, abrr comideiable discus--on .,**-. | j ceedi’d. * * • _ A bid passed tor a separate v!c-ti..u in the county of Suf- I j ford. j ihe House then adjourned. —— Mr. Booth lias arrived in Baltimore, ind Wa« advrr i tised to per form uf the Theatre <V (hrcm n„ ftf„n(}c y ! evening. If it* >■< nfctl that he has rbeovereifrom hit.' r* cent menial attack. .sew York, Dec. in. The 5-hi.j Ohur.--njogtie, from Havre, whoso renin r' day of hailing was flip x'0!h_ ulf., is tcl'grnped us In - low; but, with t he prevailing wind, there is Jit lie pro- i bnbihty o' otir hearing horn Dr?r m time for to-tln v’s paper. The William Thump, on, of IGtlj ult. from Li verpool, >s also below. United States ll.mk Stork at. New York Iter. i;. 1*0j n 12(fj. Exchange- on London, lUbi a luc*^. 'i hr t' l/i INfJ I>l:TCHM AN wa# well icrcivr.i last evening bj a crow fit; 1 audience lr is a most ■jili-tulid piece.-, a-, regards >cmic effect, and was well performed. To n 0ht it t.j lu: re pealed. J t is well worth seeing. (Kr Several comiminicatimm. in type, lai i over till to-mor row. for wami of room. / * > /.' / Of 'Tin ft. ’/T5T\ 7> ' “ ~ ~ a R lil vt i >"~ .Be.iir. Julian, Go’cn, from Warwick, with wheel. S' lir, Chariot. Sirnth. b day* from I\Vw York, will nn am-ruled cargo, to Wortham if M Grud* r. R Johnson, Hull an ) Moore. G E Tiffin. M Myr ws, A Robinson, .1 Jl Na-th, J Wirstnn, C (,'brJte, King *4 Richardson, C Beck, and Da vennort. Allen «&. C' • .Sclit South Amorim Woolf ,rd, from Ci'y point. SAT LET >. S< hr Coasting Pilot, Franklin, for \•• w York, coal. Norfolk, Poe. Id.—r» \. M. The wind which for the hist 5 days prevailed from N. E. has this morning veered round to S. W. which will, it is expected, enable the outward bound vessels, 'upwards . i $<> m number) to pet to sea- -those which anchored in this harbor and below arc all underway. ’! W VOI>K, Dec. IB—Cnl, ?ciir X n.mda. Giflf >kJ, iCcli monO. *ytf A N I bD, Tot toe ii ;n. fT i:n , aim a ipmd t f.'. V. iLK COOK Enquire at ibis office, flee ij And possetsion to in- g veil rirst January moo, <j j eiiviiiDHt on Sltockoe Hill, for I i aJlfii >j Ai f\-» %\ t.J'-*a jxgsca-mpwnrp smarms 1 rffe'is xCmtST" V"** ffii", **: sfitt * <- <-{ . j Nil* tRS. ' I On Tuesday. Hie 22d ,t «*t. a hnlfp* t V* r.\ \ «■* ! will no sold ;i{ <mr Store. «>rr hundred p.ickarolt u\' BrognT18. Women'\s v -J:?. ?»:<! t'ther slur*. Ate*. r» lrw box'is i; Xew V- r'.. rnc.V i.o'h. im1 ;i) or m«y** fine Hat a. ' - tj r. * Co.Am tit. 5. ij—tiis \ . \ ^ V?"»**r’.*y /a* K. C--i L FOXFSDAY ho ? ».; irjs-r. u ill h \ rh" store of Mr. James P. Tvler, simeJcee U:1I. (.* his entire stock of O rot/ r ■ • . n u.?i ;n*_» of ft large hi .1 valurtb-e asp. rlrnent, well worth the uitcnttrm of pu- ’ chasers. The liquor* an- pure nod of superior qua’ v"^ k*’ in nee. rnrnofinn- }■ t*. 'idrrfisat sale. to c ourr;. nee :ii 11> a cJo<k. The above stor.k is comprir -d in part nfthe follow mi rmi.-.o o i a.’s gu-ci. cotb tin ’>••!' 1 -si brown sugar. I lair;** hh 1. •est t^t (mi:; about lS"n |n. t wig:u, part first rate, :<(» krgs na.js I pip,-* Iinltend gin, H bhdj whiskey. 5 venrsold oO neniijoiin f iriwii brandy. I'..lian.l gin, At tku.i rum mid pcnrl. brandy. 0„ „f j,rf.ils any'in Richmond, Kvd I os <-tdton yarn, good qorddy. 60 hags shot, 5o chests indi* Co, l kegs brown’s bast clyi*»virig »-ib--co. 4 h’lls sweet Malaga wm<*. 1 *orl:m.t nun, 5 to *5 ton? iron ».s<or'tMl, 3 vht%: :f$ best teas, -0 boxes Nichols and lu'itplirie’s mould candle with a general assortment of articles in the Grocery line uf eo^^h'y; O D Jc CO. Aucts. SALE OF CROCKERY, CLASS, &.c. ON THURSDAY tin* 2lth ,n>-t. m n o'clock, wif bo bold \\ iihonl reserve at rmr sforo ;i -cts elejrmit 1-ivrrp jo! diriro ware, 3£,5 ps eat N A lot <d elegant Liverpool stone crockery 1 - "f*s el» u-nnt col glass tii-cttmors ~ oi.z do tumblers I. d.TTThip ;ylas?e-; ” yro best English j >aj .nr car te. «' - _ • o. D. & CO. Aucta. THE A THE." AIK A MOUELAND S SECOND NIGHT, ■■'Mndny'M.tf the FLYIACii j) UTCHJHAA \ _*jr the Phantom Ship. '<M l IS E YEN]N G.“I) |]UT177.T7 v : JC : -d, lor the second time in Richnion * llio MelorHraian of the ir2.YIG DUTCHMAN or rII k * FHAISTTO^ BKaF. A<\, . the Crjt piece. Mr. MORKLWn W;J! dance \ *»llAVI) P..«S SBI-!,, ■is da- i :n the tnd -Viatic i. diet of t)-„- t Mini, of Ba«riu ; COM tv SVjYG, Mr Pick.on” I iiHAATD r. h-i sr.UL by Mrs MORKI.ANl), the ,r„.10 linn* itu» opera of I ter Freychutz. f, y’: frii;t,e j" .-form -tt t‘>r iaughnhh Force of ixU’. adopted child. hox Fit -a cts. ~ doc Am pit! tlicait iv. CO a TIN rr I; D ATTRACTION. Tf I * rf EVENING, DFCF..MKER 2£.l, ,,;v »r'J ‘ to ‘-'’biuroci; with Equitation. Of Mti.-lcr Lqun iri. St,;; V t.nit.ng hy the who!.* Tror.o, Clown LtwL. linrs, m.ihsltin. by M.-t.-tc Sv• ryut.t. l'otls hy the Hor.c Salatim. Fi.yt time, j, /ia-qticmde Scene on ![ .»-»..*h;*cfc m .vbi<-h Mrs. VviU tains will ap >w.r ns a SY , ft. Ladd- • ami Lassie. • Flyin.r Mr. .Mu,nidi. Ilorccmaiiship, by Mr. llarrin<ri;i;i. -2 ALIF CiR.JAr’D RA i.iF.I.. 'P*11' Pcribrinancf* to conclude with ** Hinin;| a Husband Off,—SEVEN’S THE MAIN. In which Jliss l.ANE u-ili perform EIGHT c. f. lyrcnt chu; asters. i - A "bio.tr. u.e od cents, cuuiiireu and persons ijf . colour half price. f Doors to open at G, !’■ rJ'orinui’c^to commence at 7 o’clock. ite Amphitheatre is situatud opposite Tar, Bark null. VStoves arc placed within t)!C Imildite^. aec 22 ° . LAMBERT'S OFFICE, Jj.c. 22, 1820 4,; 5S, cn, 22, i, 20, 21, jh. ’ 'V^ET’ERE tlie numbers drawn in the New York * * Lottery, (Extra No. I';.) THIS 1)AY! ThedrawirsroJ’t.he Delaware and S Carolina Lot to ry 17th (.lass wi 1 be received , , PITAL Z'/.J/JE ■ 10.000. Tickets JpA, shares ip proportion. A lew remain unsold at ihe fortunate office r!' '' T LAMBERT. fi > RAWING <»fthe New York Consolidated Lot JtJ tery. I7!h da>s, Extra •D, 50, GO, 2«/, .}, 4Q, ”0, 21, If,. I'ljJsjJJY! DELAWARE & S CAROLINA LOTTERY Drawing will be received To u«;v at 1 o'clock * PRIZES ! * 1 I . ./.'J of .*10.000 I i no 4ono I « «u» iniil! | 1 <!■> 2UiiO j | 1 K!00 | * <J<» 16t>f> j 5 Fri/.os of $10oQ b do 600 /> do 500 ii do 400 10 do :!<;<> I0 do ^00 sVr. dir. in, 1 u vets $j. Halves 2 Quarters I 23—Co- s ■ fr? qt , K. IWH’KLBtf, _* be’mw the dorr of the Engle | " nicti 1: ns o fTrcj~ DsTp.MitKn 22, I8iy. 11, .jO, GO, 22, •], .38. 20, 21, 10, Wore fin* numbers doi ,vii in tin* New York I ry. Extra Class. JVn 17. Continuation fit' Capitals ! ! I 11? AT OH. o'el.OfK To. n \ y. The otlicial lira wing of the Delaware ami Mould, Carolina Lottery, ( lass No. <7, will La received l>/ Wager. Capitals *510 t'cii, -JC00, 2 GO, 2? Of' 1.00. Ifii/G, n, of H**>0 &.e &e. \ < Tickets Halves 2 00, Quarters I 2r,. l'( r .-ale uf f lie Lotte y E.vH mme Offre of d«)aa M lIQ. B. BIGGER. f ifteen. Thousand Dollars—Tickets Grat'd Consolidated Lottery. Class No. 10, draws This (lav, ill the rity of Washington, ami tl.« dri*w t»ir received day after T -morrow, at one o’clock,’ h* Digger. OOO Cahtu. Vnr/fc. „ ^ Tickets go, Halves jjji 5«. Quart* r« 4» 1'orrale by MHO. B BIGGER dec 22— Jt WINDOW GLASk/lgafTCgArT^l n •rr iving ffp- s j’/f. Half w'mdo • pfi-s J2 boxes l<* if «‘i£jr 20 ca-k*. cher-e 50 b’>l« prune u d mrpi.r< 10 casks winter lamp oil dec 22-3t_ nAVF.NITtlt I. AT,LEV A a, Attention, Light Dragoons. PVKAi-K THIS v KTEKiV< if>\ „ 2„v”k ,„er.,«#ly *, ihc t uy Had, <• im,•!«*<• iy on,formed a..d i mopped fq# Wrn - t-y order. b s. JflfERS, Ordlyb*f*’fc