Constitutional Whig. [volume], February 07, 1832, Image 4

About Constitutional Whig. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1824-1832

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i r. u. ■*!/ > \» i
Sj’frrh til .!//■. /» •. < '/A'V.iA,
[« OVl'I.I III II J
TIi • r it i i of in* 11- -■ <•! whites, it \v:‘! !»<•
seen 11mu t ii ■ p i'll a *• e ms dun >* i he la I >r
tv vc > • I is Im-i a (ii'i \ <• • | r r i tw lain t!;. •
ot’lli * ■' ok- bend am! ter t ;f»*; 1 » r — lia.s b"*’i.
on • hni 'l <• ■ nil ''i -u\ ■ t cm: ! A c< tnpn
ris iii i t" '' f" i 11*r• ■ I nil ' i. ■ vi ir lilt;) in tin?
tii'ii*. w. 1 i iii! ic '»• i1 • • ■ • • n!:, v. nil in,, i h. m : i
cal |»• t*«* 1 i a :,i ‘ ' i — ; i i • ■ j • n:: ;i m;
ft. • : 'ii!.
|l 'P’lla’(I! I. !!!.<)*!'., nil!’. ! El * • I cs"
till) l
t in* i». i o *• • l"i v v . t v. it 7 i".
V'l'i in • ve t >-7. • 1. A <!•:•■! i* 1 *ii' ’ ; ! : a
ti mi. i h ■ till ; .
geoniclti a', unit ii". in ,n; *r. n. ; !: -.Initio. !>n
making only a slight nlhuviiiee t<*r Ilia* etle«l to
!>,* ji'u» in.'i’il kv tin? i 1 is' ■!! i f the w -11■ r
nr*i lvt* uin! y •» ai:'at. Min i' -e■'. that it' t!i
o i-11 rn s'.e;io.i of Virgin a ti• • ili«-r»? v. >1
\vi i the next forty you in mu I mimhci*
SIOO.M'O llion? hi.ark f 111 * Jt * '► r * a: *,> t!.: i \v! ■’>' i
Tii • *' 'ininomve .1 !• \ r-jii •:» ha.-' t 'I * Tin*,
within u sn 1 Ii t • i.: •• • in
negroes, as she hud 10 \ : r- -on?! i ar y
twice us many slaves—while ■ hus on:\
ulmnt 50 per cent. <»t*. :r then -a :i.tr* pop::1 t rn
l’i r’y y•:■• rs ng >, lto, re witc in the’.vliilc Uni
ti*il .S ilo-'.’.im 0 *7,077 slaves; \\ 1 .’•• llo\v ihmc
nro in Virginia alone, -Ifd.T.' b.sides her Iter
n errors.
Sir, these results arc nsioun .icg. They are
not the vJi'ti'ri'1: of n ken ed in. gun;’.urn—hot
conclusi. in i.sT• • rri*>!<* Irmn e . un. hm •! cal
culations! f nmh'il i ii ‘ ••.*>' h ii (lain, ami :i
wliicli, mil', riuuac lv. t'.i r tan t> • i o mi.--tt.ki .
If the disproportions 1 hiv* pot nted out, con'i
nue to advance, a - all lormcr exp, r >■ nc•• :lmu.
they mu-' , unless the current is arrest-d—
"’hut, 1 u p. at will he tin* condi i n < I our
State forty years henct^ Mr. Speak r. the
gloomy forebodings to which llir.-e refl "tio •
point, arc roi likely to ho reu izod in your day
or nunc. Wy. Khali, im doubt, iiave been sw« pt
from the scene of action. Hut, sir, it i- the m;
ty of good parents to look to the welfare eft heir
children. The Slato ought to legislate, not for
ourselves a’onc. lint for po teri'y. Ai v tniioc
of events tendii <j to evil should, if pu -able, h ■
arrested in time. If all that is dt.v.rabl emu 11
hr? accomplished at once. I t tis ai least do wi-al
we can. I is the duty—the iti punitive dm,—
ct every wise and good man j:; t’ j Stale, I. \v
cver hum le, to exert hi.- inventi n to 1 tit
nio.sr, and contri lute his niitr*. however sinall it
iiihv be, towards th. eons' iniua'mn of suin': rx
pedn ut. to avert tlie le :r;o| v>> Mupi ores which
are irnpen 1 ng over us. “Uonu*,” . i ■ n .•
built in a day ” And I ■< us tiol undertake :t.
with the short- ived ! ?rvor of eiulm insls, who
would expect to sec it rise at y nr bidding,
witn manic c dcrity. and who would abandon
the effort on > i;c nml«■ ririjr the Ii -t i!il!i.ui!tv.
1 .VI us rather u vat • •;u .. with our
un hi ; and i!. • ci.i rcu !)• :• tiv ly* to wi ik, \ n
turn short st. s a. first, unci oor strength in
ert Labori us niul patient perseverance
are all tv* nttnl t i stiecess
Let us 1 < i ■ our statistics, and co ii
they vvi i admit ul no erped'i ill, e ! nift'ctl to
countcrict (!:•• fearful c"i!( i -j ,>• c, v.liic.'i they
teem otherwise unenin;.!} to j.< n •.
I’he annual increase of’th•* Nlavesin Virginia,
liny be assumed at an avereg.* of 1 500
And tii a tf our tree colored population .t I.I0-.
*i-i cmcr '»n annual aggregate increase
Of l.ot l| Ot’ rf fa,,.
1 here an- no fair principles <>f calculation wlii h
can ln> applied to our previous hi torv, or to the
ae'u.il nlmils ot our eci. us, whether iiidudiu;.
bIi-tI or more c 1. tiding periods o,'time, which
oil! nor, I think, iinlicato a ratio <»t* increase,
01 *'l<: wholo Atric in raco hi V’iri inia, 1.:
lens than fi,000 a year. My a removal then of l!,()00
annually from tlio territory oi \ irginia, the ,
it il sloe, would at the least he kept stationary i
not reduced—while our ivliito population would
he increasin'' atari accelerated pace. The whole
population of the Ibiited .Slates, it. has boon Ions'
ascertained, duplicates in every period of525 years.
J liese perioi.’s ofduplication, I know, occur inn ally
vary, a v Ion r and lot 1.
ger protracted. The history, in tliisic: pcct, of all
nowiy.setiJed countries in the world, has In cn the
s'aine. 'I lie tulu of increasing population, rushes
in more rapidly at first, and as the open.d space
becomes gradually filled, it tlows in mure smooth
ly and slowly. There has as yet, however, heen
scarcely a perceptible abatement in the in
crease of the population of Ain rica Mu!,
le.ut tier v. hr. • popul .lion < t \ irguiia wcni.l
double it sell until the e\|.iritmii of 3d Veur .
or .!.» years, or even dd yi r -, Sir, if \ 011
^ hat, then, would he th" situation of \ irgina at
the end ot these forty years, in comparison w ith
what I have shown it will he if nothing to
prevent il is accomplished? n white population
more thail double that of the blacks, h. vu g at.
timed an advance, which by the augmentation of
the cap.lal stock, wool I forever put any increase
' :' : icks below thei rt h, a I dissipate our
danger, dispel our apprehensions, and greatly di.
intntsh most ot the einliarrassinents and evils
a*- inhiiit on slavery. This, sir, would ho the re
"von if the process of a mot ion was then
forever. Hut why should il be? Let
tins calculation in another light,
until deportation of G,l)(li) a year from
mineneing of course with our free
—a policy which every eonsidera.
humanity and interest would
’ ’ uig—within t«-n years there
> 1: single free negro in Virgi
' computation, i have in
r • " Q greatest rate of in.
sav
not
of
v ii noi • |
nia *• (, in ..
elude. t ’- c ‘1 .
crease < • v
this gradi ••
have ci lire .
great advant.i^ , m
would bo trausp
adopting the poiic ,
would certainly pro
hat
a in among us, whil
going on;—and
uside ration, th
•ime when al
l result fron
1 . •' hat ohjec
<■ 1 . the iirs
instance, partien. >r njn . s i|„.s0
people, who would be li'i' '■ !• '.u -r,
than who
>i • I'iiose, for
arc just attaining maturity, • oifal lip d'-port.
cd before families hen coinu,eni . I spier,»r
iutjup around lh:n. And Mioso u-lm lr ! p i cd'.i
particular .me, need not be removed ;i< . > -j.i
as a favor i:i parli.uil.tr in lanVc; whore i
red il
•''•d bid not the imms of removing tiiom
IS or have I. .':ir, made any al < wain n what,
ior tli" ore it numbers who, I.)!,'.mb!, in tli,- , , ...
time, and pspo. i .11 v if a law for I heir comp .. ,-y
deport a'ion shall l.c en ; led, \ i'| vuliin!.: My . |
on their own ne nis go to oilier piri ,’,f ;
Sir, that Sell t C.<, . t< o n •
Whole MU 1
c« «*g< d with t
the? subject of our colored popnl .lion. !.’
tion. of police, mnel, ,, rigorm,:.
heretofore e\l. i i:ig III . I I.'.I our I: e lie . e. . . i
’vl.ich \\ iP. materially abridge tla-ir ere., ,o i 1
It re i rionsi . : i for by c.i tin ‘ 1
cumsl.mce-, and \vi i no ilonht he adopted, ib c i.t
'' ' in (hold .
r(-4(!y r, ... ' 'In ir dr aemt • n«, much |er •
emnf, le and ore Me t . them. Hi •. | rn. rlv.
", ' 1,1 .I t.. M\ i
‘"•r of volant.ary r . v.!s. \ ,r |tl>. . | ;It ,
Moling ths R(lvmti if .
to 11,0 obvious , m . . ratieu, t
produced by the uM.drn.’ i . f , , ,.f our
colored population v.nmi I soon be till- I -.m by
cmi-r n,ts (ll ..I , own color, fr.,m oMn r u .
7 ' .,c ww’d. in t. „ j, ir . i hen, Mr t■ (1)„e !
V.v’7' ' "Horn itivea «<• r nil .1 til n :
all ,| -- - - .
ah o" ''"“.'-nt'Z r; e" <! l!!/ Venn Id
point, if not i
t f v i t r • < |, 11 r ,1 ,
m,r ■ p-pn..,t,oii. f 1 ■ >,e 1
i’' d *? 1 ; " h • ... ..- j,
7"> l:‘- Wl“* ‘"r "f - this re.il/ . ! oi
‘he ire i rt on* of rtol r shall b»v«
it \ iM be well tor nr to examine ,i.„ .. J)(| j
means ef our eoto.,1 o-l lo remove |j. ., j
Il- v, • ti r oe. ir le. .» w mb! I >• nr to e
it, it vv. have i.t the ni, ins t,> »ff , | ; \\(
should in t proceed like the foolish mar "in tin
Scriptures, ..la ii.-.crtovV t build a hoe-c /.
counting the rov'. This is tli>» fist conside.
»< i <»»«: Wild Mim, l lii'ii, will it take to trans.
!’ *r* this iium.'r nimiiiilly l«* tin' western
»>!' A Irion—wViili I shall I'-.-nmi', |i>r
’ ’> present, ns the point 1*1" deportation ’
I recollect to liavo ; con a speech, dcl.vcrcd l»y dir.
t iv, in l- jo, Iwf. > c t!n> V'lii'isojiti t'oloniz tlioii
ty, iii which li- stated llntl, from numerous
• olu.d experiment.• prcvtomlv made, it hint boon
• i •Tlii'ii d, (lint cuf. rant.- from til*’ i Y.itcd Stat.-s
• "util he 11 .nisM.n 11 ,1 In l.'l'orin, lor twenty dollars
a ln-ad. Since tlion, I liavo noon diHerunl annual
ropi'its IVoin t1: ! Society, and in tins Inst which I
i h-.ve read. I tldnk lint cost of transportation is
s' id lit .li dull.u . enc!i—It is well Known that
tin' t’lih ni/ (ion Society has had to encounter
every ois ir.vindiiL'o c. leulaled to increase its e.\
pemli ■lie-. The I uti l prize hits heen in a state o!
.I iii its action - and wtlit verv
limited i« s .ill cs. It 11:i had to ell'Tter vessel: —
tins would remain some'hues in porta lone time,
;*» <•> i» iises, h. i-'ii lull c«,rgo 0f emigrants c* ul.l
* looted. Souk tinn , n cargo, incoiiiplolc in
mimiiiTs. Ill to lit; -II .led, and the freight per
lie.ui. ,•(' (tour.se, would ho holier. Were the State
I o n ml art nke the traiwporlatien of * class of it s in
!uii i' hi., m, a more .‘Mend'd scale, tho expenses
Won'd inI deiiht, le diminished hi many increased
I'.ieih;ie.s Such !■ certainly tlie’ordiiiurv elicet ot
enl irjrinT operations. I liuvo heartl the idea mi:;,
gosied, of Hut State pur< basing ships, and Keeping
H"'"| r*. gnhirly employed, in clV.'eting thi-tram
l» irt:i'ion. liiisatul other judicious remit •ions,
won! I, m, doubt, greatly diminish "the cost
' cat It in lividual removal. And
luo plan lie ^ extended by authorizing re
turn on-.foes, of the various productions of that
eoast, must of which are valun'de in our markets,
hy the Vessels so employed, a still greater rt due.
tieti in th cost nt transportation might probuhly
i •■ cftccled. ! ut let tho calculation umo its
'anlageou8 form, and miy that §83 33
per head, is In he considered tin; licce.-s irv expense
nt removing these people to Yfrioa. I ta!.e it for
emoted, t rat no person lias conceived the ide.ttlu.t
t es.' among them who possess n*> propetlv. who
have neither the means of transporting themselves,
i nor nt providing the neeess-iry support itiiinedi.
ately on their arrival, are to lie shipped otV hv tiie
, "State, and east on the shores of a distant region
‘S tu'’ earth, t<> ho devoured hy wild lieasls—or
u hat would lie infinitely worse, to perish ! v famine.
*'*°i f'|r, I presume tliat sonic temporary supply
to emigrants of litis description, to support them
immediately on their arrival, and until they could
he aide to make a support for themselves, is what
wott!«l lie roipiirod hy humanity, approved hy every
wise logi'dalor, . d is expected hy the country.
” hat additional e omhture would thi ■ temporarv
provision involve? Hy recurring to the same
soureo ol information, ! find that t! t'oloni/.ation
f*oeu'ty has est imated the additional expense for
t..is purpose, at *.‘10 per head. I'ideod, I thin!;
tmiloMers have heen made for §33.33 each, to
Kiaeaity nmiihcr ot emigrants—trausport them to
uiberia, and ussume the respousihility of all their
i subsequent^ necessary sujiport. 1 I ; Ve no doubt
J .he sum ol ,v-‘jO would he ample. '1‘liis would ho
| no attempt to settle .a wild and unknown
country, where the adventurers would have to
wander in the forest, and subsist on acorns until
they eiiold Iii i vml reclaim it. That society, to
which I h ive so olte'i alluded, has paved tho way
torus. ! h" century iv an extremely lerti’e one—
| abounding in natmi... resources, and with a cli.
^ mate v : i.*i, whil* t is adapted to the African
cor »t.tulion, ncei1 no recurrence of particular
■. ■oils for —'ising crops. No, sir. the Spriii"-, the
Summer, the Autumn, and the Winter, are all, 1
understand, lor agricultural purposes, tho same.
t\ henever the ground is sutHciently moistened by
tain, you may plant. In a lew weeks tho crops
: ripen. One man may bo seeding, and
111 't her ren p: ng liis i Top at the same time, in co.
.erminous licltls. i :ie means of subsistence are
com eijuently easily and speedily obtained— and I
repeat, then, that Nit) would ho an ample provi
.-ion for temporary suppor*. Tho aggregate sum
j Pcr licad — .Ndd.d.'l, multiplied by OOP!), the number
I proposed to he annually dcoortcd—rives von the
iM"» •>-'»,'>.0q0l as that which will be required
As for tlm shipping required to transport llr.it
number, 1 will only remark, Unit allowing two
I ; rs"iis to every live tons—tins usual computation
—and which, . 1 bclievo, is llic proportion limited
■ >y Ilia laws of Congress, and estimating an aver
! w o voyagi yen r to each voi ol, tho
tonnage , ooiiired would he 7,500, which is Jess, Sir,
; than the I TUtli part oftlie mercantile marine ot the
I ni'cd States—excluding from view, tho whole ol
our n ivy. Let us not hear, then, any more about
I the impossibility of removing i nch a number. Sir,
\ on know, that most of tho civilized powers of
Isiirnpe Invo long combined to suppress the slave
t ade. lax pensive armaments aro constantly erni:
I* 'nt°r •••; t and prevent it. Tho o an
| ;M ttre denounced ns pirates. And yt i^ .sir,
not .. i list::nding all these preenutions, tiu-ro are
annually brought from the coast of Africa, end
:,! »nlo slavery, an o of 1 > : > nativ
1 here w< re brought, as 1 learn from iiiiqucstiona.
l .e authority, not long since, 25 KOO into the 1st.
t and of Cuba alone, in one year; notwithstanding
her c.>.lst is habitually begirt with the (-raisin]
s •' d.iFercnt nations. And it' all this c: n
l»e eli. . ted, against so many ri~!:s and hazards,
an! in \ to.at ion ut tlie la\vs oi («od and man, sliall
i be ? aid that the v hole rotate of \ irginiu catino*
transport fi.O'JO to Africa in a year.'
And will the expense involved—.<$200,001)_be
ceiisidered as pro.- flit in g an insuperable ob: ta"!.!?
1 hope n« person will ho found disposed so to ro'.
girilit. Suppose tho State shall have to rely in
attaining this great and important object, on’hcr
own resources exclusively—that she is to derive
no aid whatever trom ihn (Icneral (iuvernmont,
mil that she is not to resort to the alternaiive of
(browing on posterity, by a system of laws, part
ot the charge of removing what would be a
1 hornb.e hurt hen on tlicm— that she may leave to
ratse the ainou-.it in the most oppressive shape—by
i.irect taxation to tho whole amount, wlmt is the
sum required, to the obje-t to be at 'aimd by it ?
/ > on tho gi t Stnl of V
: loan .d) cents a h ad on Iser while ^inliahitants.
Am! vv ho would refuse to pay thil’ Abstinence
two or throe g dy at 1 (
f house, would pay it in one dnv. What addition
would it make to our present burthens? The rove
j mic paid to the State at prerc:it, ia ncarlv half a
million ol dollars. The county levies—poor r:tcs
—and other orcie i ■•,.,! public dues, amount to about
!,u' ‘!lm- 1 be people of the Stale now
have to raise a million of dollars for public imrr.o.
SOS annually, besides the incomo of the Literary
Ill
■ ..III"! 1II.U mr imornat Improvorncnt._Tnc
proposed amount would only incron o tin; burthen
per cent, lint I ilo not apprehend that there
WiMitd he tin; 11* i■ -1 necessity for derivii!" the whole
irnotint iiumcdintely from taxation, fist as it i.
11 th ,ro over was . n ob • for ..hie]
V. < all! ho poo,I policy for one generation in an- '
: '!«• 1 ho resources of the next, :,;j ’ i„ o
’ 1 "• li« alone- with th. benefit, fh « i.
• '• li lt 1 vo.,11 not
• Hi r at present, because u is not nece«.« -7v
I ha;;' ' —.| u u„t only pri.b.d.
oo' hing certainty. • !»..» . • might o.t.,„ ,
ourcea ft »u (he l . d< rnj ( >\ rnnu nt to
... ... Of
.m iicn, and wl n il wo might consistently ro.
t\;!himt the slight'-* violation ofthose .irmt
Nialo Night pnneij.V.i whicl, di.-.lingnish o.-r \ ,r
gii.ia political m In,.,!, anil of whi li I prof-ss my.
•f a disciple. < it the Public f.in.is held hv the
Cincrnl Covernmmit, a bir- t>>>rIi»n. it « .’1
• ' llr—trd, was hy ceded Virginia—a portion, too’!
v. It'll tv a - e xceeilingly valuable. We h ,v<- never
re reived any vnl'iahhi return from them,
sales of the public, lands 11;• • i;, 1!v
• avail of fl.i >.(! ! ). I (')in';
live estimate of the Secretary
rated it »l that amount.
In v. hich Virginia would
e p..l
produce an avi
t lie last prosp
„ of t!ie 'i’reasu
I’iie proportion of j|;
infilled, aceordit,"
rate!
a! I h
have lieen recogni/.'
y< nr. Th in there
11 th.
bout ! ,-JT.h.O
aiir fair proportion oft __
a t :<• i cderal I c:. -*iry, <>t tie; nriliti irv r< Yruiir.
1’bis would he a far greater yum. I 'would not
nt that the pro; rnl taritl’slio ' ! |,e eon’iu-'e j
<:i us, even if we could derive this Imurf.l i
• it if we arc to bn burtbened, shall we bear ;
v11, and get no part of the good in return’
el nee' ion to our resources, enuhl net, a
ng to ruy cmedriie! ion of the power ,,f 11.r;
■rnnienl, bn appropriated to the desired ,
••ithoi.t an airieiifimrnt of the Constitution.’
ii'iRndni'-nt would, I apprehend, 1 - necessary to
ithori • * fI o *ij position I have alhnl
of t lie pulilie lands. The power of Con.
; t: r the e lands and their avails, from pro.
' :'*ns in ihe Ac's of C. ;~:on, and otherwise, hav
en oij pos 4. by some of our mast correct slates,
•ii, 1't-iiml on entirely di.Tcrent ground from
ue re venue derived fr..in imposts. CoMCrors liar
• ‘inly acted, it woo Id see in on tlmt itruler
(inv.
tdattdmg. Itut it is umiceessnrv to discuss tliat
'l'ti’sii. n. An amendment of l!io Constitution
i ouM ns: well ho mdieifc I to embrace that source
"I revenue ns tlio other; and ft out recent informa
tion, on which I place implii ii reliance, I think
t ougre s at this tiuio has i very disposition to
aid us on this subject, or accede to «inv necessa
ry auicmliuent of tho Constitution t‘or tin; pur
pose, that wo could desire. Iitdoud, sir, I
| have scon letters from .frcrul distinguished
■ mciulieis of that hotly lately, which express
the confident heliel that such an application
would readily prevail. I should not, of course,
eon ''Mt that any funds from the general govern*
i nietit .'hon'd Im> appropriated within our State to
I • •• purpose ot‘ removing our free persons «f color,
or I'oreli tsiejj and deporting any portion of our
slaves, except on the condition, that tho object
w. s to he eil'i'cted excite ively under tho control of
til • St itc antItorities —under regulations of it•• eu
:. ' uent— aml hy a;••• nta of its appointment. tVilli
<!• o saf" seals, I cm perceive no objection. .Mr.
, hiiuo, ol \ew ^ ork. introduced, it will bo recol.
htctctl, a few years ago, in the Senate of the 1'. S.
j resolutions for appropriating the proceeds of the
public I tends ;•> these purposes. The movement
was d«n<’tneed through ail the Southern Stales as
an alarming indication ■ f the disposition of North
ern politi u ms to interfere with tin relation be.
; tween master and slave, and the resolution and its
mover l.t !,i up to vindictive reprobation, llut the
e\ nt h is n • sad hy, long enough for us to examine
:.:i pneert more coolly, and it hears intrinsic ovi
den. ■■ ot ds .atercstedness and patriotism. It did
iHd piopose III.: compulsory abolition of slavery in
a single in tanee—hut its gradual reduction, hy
ap,d;. mg the.- particular funds to tho purchase
I a,'d retime a I of such slaves only, as their owners
1 uiijlii wish tn sell. I confess I have over believed
th i' had the same proposition proceeded from a
Sou'horn Statesman, it would have been hailed
" "'tit applause through all the slave-holding States.
I' was caIcilatcd surely to have increased tlto va
lue ot our slaves, hy throwing into the market an
j additional fund for their purchase, and the benefit
ol the operation would obviously have been, pri:
mt'rilv ami most c\< In.-ively on ns; while tho only
I 'iul.t which eon!.! have resulted to the North,
!roai the surrender of a fund in which they pos.
scsse I a common interest, would have been the
gralific :t'on ofsceing the gradual extinction of an
evil, which, though it did not immediately atfeot
them, they had contributed originally to introduce
—and tho higher gratification of witnessing an
amelioration in the condition oi* the United States
as an wtioio. Whatever political] heresies Ruins
ivin-; may have committed, I, for one, regard this
j as a redeeming act ill his life. Should no other
member do so, it is my intention at a proper time
to oiler resolutions instructing our Senators, and
rcipicstmg our Representatives in Congress, to pro
P"-e to. ainuiiditielit to the Constitution which
m i vb« necessary to authorir.o this disbursement ot
the Icderal funds.
i* or liio tr itisjiorfalr>n of our free negroes alone
I ave endeavored to shew otir Slate resources are
amply sntlicicnl. 1. 1 us, then, commence in
effecting that nhout which most of us arc agreed_
ami which is all that could, for the present, bo
I efioeted, whatever may he the ulterior object of
j JI!> th'^ removal ol the free persons of color.
| When this shill have boon completed—if in its
; !’ro,'V's '* have demonstrated the practicahili
! ty ol tins plan of gradual deportation—and it’tho
I means shall by tha time he within our control
..lie which to elfeet it, as 1 hope I have shown was
, at least probable, what is to prevent our going on
'■' • 1,u' system, |>y the removal, annually, of as
many as h,t)Mi) ol those who now are slaves?_
■ ••■all have the means, L trust, of purchasing
j'1,? ttutnbcr at lair prices. Hut, it is my decided
I ' hef, that this will not become necessary—or, at
any rate, beyond a limited extent. There are
numbers of slave-holders at this very time in Yir
L.uia l do not speak from vague conjecture, but
uoui what I know’ from the best information—and
this number would continue to irfnrcase—who
would voluntarily surrender thoir slaves, if tho
State would provide the menus of colonizing them
0. sow here. And there would bo again another
| class i have already heard of many—who, wliilo
| ti.ey could not u lfonl to sacrifice tlie entire value
; oi llieii : laves, would checrluliy compromise with
itheSinlo for half their value. And if, in these
■ \'irio,|s modes, the Stale could acquire—instead of
j 0,01)0 a year- 10,000 a year, and it should then be
i deemed desirable to accomplish such an end, it
i will be seen by a simple calculation, allow ing for
I ;il1 i!"! intervening increase, that in less than 8!)
. vears there would not lie loft one single slave or
| tree negro in all Virginia.
lull ,»Ir. Speaker, many, a* first sight, arc nppal
; led at what, they consider tho magnitude of such
, an undertaking. l'iicra aro some persons of san
guine tcmperaincul—and, pcrliaps 1 may be one—
1 who regard tew things as impracticable or unat
tamahl •, which are sought with determined, but
co,d and pat: lit perseverance; while there arc others
who either despair without an effort, or are put
di .vn, by tuo first obstacle they encounter. They
can sec difficulties and objections to every tiling
that requires exertion. The people, Sir, have cal.
; bu! upon us—and they expect us to do something.
Mi-.ll w o fold our arms and say to .hem, “the cf.
tort is loo great, wu have not the means nor the
power, and wn can do nothing. Something might
have been clone perhaps some years ago, but it is
now too late, and there is nothing left j0 ,ls i,ut
to sit down in despair}" “For a nation to bo free,
it is sufficient that sho wills it,*» was the moinorn’
hlc rniiKinc r.t one of those patriots whose writ,
ings eminently contrihuted to our glorious Ilovolu
liu:i. And I lie same success is equally sure to follow
tho determined cHurts of individuals, societies, or
nations, in tho biography of* distinguished in.ii
rniua! many of whom have arisen from the hum.
b i t and most mfjiromising Condition, what have
we not seen effected l»y’ a higii degreo of moral
lirninos -, am! energy, and decision of character? A
, young nun, especially in our happy countrv,
i w hero so auspicious a field for tho prosperous
! efforts of all is presented, may become almost
! u,y tiling which ho determinos to become.
1. t him hut proportion bis exertions to the end
M"!)0 nf uned, and ho will attain it. When lie ;
lus reached one object of ambition which ho had j
| pointed out to himself, lot him hut make another i
| mark on tho wall, still higiier up, and in duo |
I tune, w ild paiiont perseverance, he will rise to that j
tuo. It is not so much inequalities in genius or I
imagination which have distinguished men, as it ■
is difference in energy of character—firm decision I
' * * P'irpose and stability of judgment !o point out
wluit objects aro desirable, and to bo pursued “with
an eye flint never winks, and awing that never!
mis more emphatically truo ofStntcs
an,l Nations. 'J’o attempt to show how little
mere physical strength lias to do with theelcva
ti<>;i or depression of nations—with their power
prosperity or influence—l»y what means States',
comparatively small in nnurber, or wealth, have at
liilleronl periods wielded the destinies of the world
—v.-oii!d he a di.-ipiisition he(t. r a ' ipi, » :o i t of
‘ s ' «*ty, than a Virpaiia l,eg ttnrr. Merc
1,1 V' ,,no- "hat won ! there have to be do
’ * ( t
' '' ’ • a t, hjej, was ver yet at
■; ontri can
'h' y ' fermiiie In v will atlam n |{6.
feterai i ll »n, n tin \ i ..ring persever
ance. are all that are essential. With"these—the
ri> i I !>• tore ns—which our imaginations had de
!’i* :f,;l "s filled v ith impassable obstructions, will
!> ■ found smooth ami easy ns wo advance. The
m-iins in our wav, will dimini,.!, j„ .«',7.0 ns wo
approach, and ultimately disappear. / will never
■vc then, that Virginia is really unable to re
lievc herself of her difficulties.
lint it would ho ex ecdingly indiscreet to nt
leinp! too much at lirst; it might defeat every
•bin*,'. Our exertions, 1 re;>e.,| it, should bo limit.
«■,, at present to t he removal of free negroes. The
importance of effecting this, nun t l> • obvious to the
''.'«if ‘ -I reflection. It would he henefu j.,1 to them.
selee —henefici .1 16 u-and hem icja| to Africa.
T ' ir i’u ition here i-• unhappy am] degraded. They
are nominally free, hut not so"sub taoiYiHy. They
myc none of the rights, or privileges, or attributes
.! frco men They must ever cVi-t, if they remain
in re, a dis inet A. degraded caste—im moral them,
•••elves, and demoralizing to others. Their influ
nee on our slaves is a most injurious onn
I- /v and di honest in their habits, will, some ex.
•options t., he sure.) they live on liiowl ito people,
■ nd corrupt the slaves to steal fro n tie ir masters,
ii.d they heroine the receivers. Th-ir presence
■ ml example, also exerts a much more pernicious
nflucnee in rendering thef’ivcs restless an,| (|jK.
•ifurl with tlu-ir condition. Whether or not
b ■ free negroes themselves, have ever been to any
• it actually engaged in fomenting conspiracies
ymi insurrections, nothing is more certain, than
oat they have an h./lircr/ influence in exciting
In m. They are themselves often unjustly
aispcctwl cud cruelly treated, and no per.
"n can rpicstion, that Dry would l«e
rvenfly better off if removed from our country
But wlicro is tho domain?—wo wore asked by
ttie gontleiiiiin from Mecklenburg. Where have j
you gotten any territory to remove them to' l.iht
tin, wo are informed, is iiuipaldo of receiving
but a limited number. Sir, I approach this branch
oft lie subject with pleasure, and with the eotili.
dent hope, that 1 shall bo able to renio .o all ditli.
cultv from it.—Wo have heard various parts of
the world spoken of as proper for the purpose. Oar
own possessions west ol tho boeky .Mountains—.
■ 1 avti_other West India Islands—and even tin;
acquisition of Texas, if practicable, has been allu
ded to as desirable, on which to place an interven
in'' sable nation between the States of this I'nion
and Mexico. To all these, there are, in my opin
ion, insuperable objections. 11" residence on our
own Continent were not itself objectionable, the!
climate of our territory on the Columbia river, or
elsewhere on that Coast, is too cold to permit the -
existence of African descendants. To send them
there, would ho but legalized butchery. Texas is
out of tho question. It can probably not ho ae.
quired by our Government for any purposes, and
it wo owned it already, it would be as impolitic
in itself as unjust to our adjoining South-western
S'atcs, whore slavery exists, to attempt to locate
such a population so near to them. They would
never consent to it. llayti might receive a
few, hut is inadequate in iis capacities to the
demand. As for the English West India Is
lands, they, .Mr. Speaker, arc, 1 think I cun
foresee, to bo free in a few years. Yes, Sir; if
the Reform Hill should pass in the British Carlin- (
incut, one of tho first, measures of the Reformed
Government will be, tile abolition of slavery in the
West Indies. If it dors not pass, there will be a
revolution in tho Government—and, in either
event, freedom will be established in tho West
indies. That some of our coloured population
may find a resting place there, is indeed probable;
blit whether it would he desirable to place a very
large portion of them there, if wo could, is u ques
tion for refiection, which l do not deem it neces
sary to discuss. But, Sir, whatever additional fa
milies may present themselves. A frica—yes, Sir,
persecuted amt injured Africa—is, of all regions
on the Globe, tho appropriate place for
tho deportation of our African descendants.
l.elus translate them to those realms from which,
in evil limes, under inauspicious influences, their
fathers were unfortunately abducted—unl'ortuate.
ly lor both parties—unfortunately for them and
I heir descendants—hut much more unfortunately
lor those among whom an angry Providence per.
milted thorn to he placed. .Mr. Speaker, the idea
ol restoring these people to the region in which
nature had planted them, and to whose climate
slie had lilted their constitutions—tho idea of lie.
noliling not only our condition and their condi
tion by tho removal, hut making them the means of
1 carrying back to a great continent, lost in the pro
toundcst depths of savage barbarity, and uncon
scious of the existence even of the God xvhocre
. ated them—not only tho «.rts, and comforts, and
I niuMiplicd advantages of civilized life, but what
| is ol more value than all—a knowledge of true rc
. ligion—intelligence of a Redeemer—is one id’ the
grandest and noblest, one of the most expansive
and glorious ideas which ever entered into the im
agination ol man. Tho conception—whether to
the philosopher, the statesman, the philanthropisl
cr the Christian—of rearing up a colony, which is
to be the nucleus around which future emigra
tion will concentre, and open all Africa to civili
zation and commerce, anil science and art;:, and
ie!igicn when “Ethiopia shall stretch out her
hands,” indeed, is one, which warms the heart
with dtdiir'it.
]*ocs Alncn, then, aflord the facilities and enpa
cities for receiving them/ Sir, tho little colony
ol Liberia nlono, founded by a private association,
\vit li limited means, having to encounter the pro
judiees ol thousands in our own country, who
would never examine its real objects or principles
ol action—and which had to subdue numerous
disadvantages, within and without, incident to the
infant c.tertion, has prospered already hoyoud all
calculation. It contains at present, a population
ot about 2,100—has established wholesome insti
tutions and laws—established commercial rela
tions with the sourroundiiig Tribes—and already
exerts a most h ppy intluence over large portions
of Africa. It is said by men who know its condi
tien, and arc not enthusiasts, to be 111 a more
prosperous condition than any other colony which
has been founded in centuries. Its advantages
were disheartening—but not so groat as our own
ancestors had to encounter, when thov lauded at
Jamestown. You are awnro, Sir, that the po
ssessions of the Colony now, extend, from tho
Callinas river, cn the North, to tho Territory of
Ivroo Settra, on the Coast which is South of it -
a distance of 28U miles in length—a ml that the
country already under its actual jurisdiction, ex
tends 150 miles along the Coast, from Crand Cape
Mount, near the mouth of he 1’issou rive, to Trade
town. The possessions already acquire d by this
private company, are capable of containing thou
sands of inhabitants—but why should wo confine
our observation to them? Regions of intermina
ble extent, and possessing great advantages, can be
acquired in Africa almost for a song. In one
treaty, wc could obtain territory enough to hold
every negro in tho Uuitad Slates—much more
those in Virginia.— It is true wo aro very imper
fectly acquainted with the geography of the interi
or of Africa; but recent explorations have reflected
much additional light on the information which
formerly possessed.—We know that there arc
at some distance in the interior, very extensive
regions, peopled by sparse and wandering tribes,
which are extremely fertile—and ns healthy, from
all appearances, as any other tropical climate. A
letter was not long since received from Dr. Mech
lin, the resident Colonial Agent, who had pro.
needed up the Mesurado river t,» its source, lie
there found that the head waters ot the Juuk river
were in the same neighbourhood He returned
down that, and pursued its u.. .a course for a
great distance, to its mouth, less than lorty miles
trom .Monrovia; and to his groat surprise, found
it a wide and noble stream, capable of any inland
navigation, and bordered by extensive plains of
lien and valuable land—exhibiting appearances
similar to the lands seen in tracing James river,
!iom< ily Point to I he Ocean, in providing other
tracts of territory, through the agency of the fede
ral government, for the reception of any
future increased number of emigrants, so
lucuons could
- I/U illUIIU, PU | \ II I 1 l. I I M I .S 1 V | as
with little expense, to give ns the entire eon
trol ot the whole south-west coast of Africa—on.
able us forever to put down the slave trade—and
place the native tribes of the interior in depend
ence on the settlers from America. The present
colony owns most «f the vaiuahlo harbors now, if
any of them can be called so, on an extended line
of coast. Hy acquiring the Island ot Hulnma, for
instance, [a policy which I recollect to have seen
somewhere recommended.1 in the <’ < ■! ,
<»rnndo, and within a > n run fr- -i • ■ ( ipr. ....
' rr,i', ami ihe point a
'
. .
understood, has never ^..mrished--;,,,) . (,ov„,
.Awnderf inflm .... ..
• ap- Palmas, on the ion born e.Uruinily of the
P,'“’i1;w co.,st— w< should have a frontier which
would include the mouths of the Kio Grande—the
• an aa Nunes, and Pongos, Sierra I.eone, Cape
.‘/cun', a"<l the Kroo nation, which constitutes
the only native seamen of Africa. \V0 should
hold the commercial key of the whole South and
\\ cst roasts, and as farll.stas the Might of IliafV i
and control as we pleased, the trade of the <; lm
Ina, the Senegal, and oven of the Niger—the Ivo
ry C oast and the Gold Coast. So, sir, of all other
objections, let ns not he distressed hv l ho difficult /
" r'"Ce c‘,rr* °"r ‘'"'k 1-“
Mr. Speaker—ono objection has been urged to
any legislative action on this subject—that it is
calculated to impair tlior/r/w- of the slave proper
ty. 1 o this idea, I have not devoted, heretofore
any particular attention. If the plan which I re!
commend involves any such consequence, I must
on my own principles, abandon it. M it. sir its
operation, if introduced, will ho prpci.-ely the re
ve rse, ,f it shall ex rt any influent?;, at all on their
value. I ,e abduction of the free negroes ,v
increase the value of labor, and e.„,not imonir if
il did not improve, the value of slaves. M„t ,1...
objection, I presume, is intended to res’ prinej,ni|v
on that feature in the plan, which propose. heV?
alter the purchase of slaves, or theirVe.noval, if
surrendered without compensation, ,v the p„b| £
funds. I he price of slaves, probably,\ .11 decline
in Virginia, whether we introduce anvsvte,., |,
tins or n^t—certainly, if ,|K. south-vV.-,,,, s,
shall prohibit their introduction there. \,ui .i,:’
reduction ,n value may give rise to a mis-akea*
to its cause Sir it is not the <hnvc»r,c demand
for slave labor, which has ever graduated 3
price here, hut the fnrrign demand. Their labor
'? '"finitely more productive, on the s.m.r “
rice and cotton plantations of the So,Mb and
Uest, than it can ever he rendered m Virginia
and consequently (he value here, must very much
lepend on tho demand there. No man could, from
mure pecuniary considerations, at ford to •jive Jjt.MtO
lor a slave to In; worked on an ordinary Virginia
plant::tion, though many own slaves wliicli tliey
would not sell at any price. So that, if the num
lier hereafter sent to these other States, bo materi
ally diminished, the value of them here must do
eline. 1 tut if such should he the result, it will not
he tho eonse(|iienee of any system like that which
I recommend. <>n the contrary, it is an acknow
ledged principle of political economy, that as the
supply of any article is diminished, the demand is
increased and the value improved, if, (or in
stance, hy any operation, a fourth or a half of all
the slaves in Virginii were removed, would not
those who remain ho more Valuable? And will
not the olf-et of throwing un augmented capital
into tho market, as before intimated, have the same
tendency1
Ihil what if the gradual abduction of part of out
black population, were to cause some pecuniary
loss? Are the people prepared to make no sacrifice
to attain an object so desirable as this holds out ’
1 know, sir, that it is one ol tho weakest points of
our nature—all history proves it to be true of indi
viduals and nations—to cling with pertinacity to I
all we possess—and thus to peril all, rather than l»v '
giving up a portion, to secure the residue. The
lessons of experience me exhibited to us in vain.
“No man profits by tho experience of others—ho
must pay for it himself.” And ho often does it dear- i
ly. At this very moment we sco the aristocracy 1
of Knglaiul, rather than submit to a moderate re
form in the government, and consequent abatement
of a portion of their exclusive privileges, are jeo
parding the whole—and nothing prevents an im.
mediate explosion—a dreadful revolution in Kng
Iniid.'hut tin; tact, that the King is on the side of
the People, and they hope thus eventually to at
tain their object, without a recurrence to the ulli.
1,1,1 tuliu. Such was tin; late of the ancient mo
narchy of 1'ranee—and the principle is more or
less illustrated, in the history of almost every na
tion, and tin) biography ol almost every individual.
So, here, t he minds of some, seem to revolt at the
iuea ol losing part ol their slaves, even on just
compensation. Sir, we shall have to surrender a I
part, on some terms, or eventually to lose the
whole. Nol soon, sir, hut hy their ultimate extir
pation, and in the manner I have depicted. If the
people ot Virginia—many of those at least who
are ill the habit ol reflecting most intensely and
deciding most accurately—see that no effort is to
be made to avert tho probable consequences ol’ the
present course of things, but learn that it is settled
that the Old Dominion is, to tho end of time, to
remain as she is—her bright and towering pospects
will become overclouded—they will desert the land
of their nativity, and remove to fairer fields,
\. here no such difficulties impend. But if they
cmild tee only the incipient cilbrls made—some
plan proposed—no matter how far in advance its
inceptive action should he placed—no matter how
gradually or slowly the process was to operate—
some rational hope presented that the existing
order ol things was not to continue forever, but j
that there was to he a diminution, if not extinct
ion of tho evils of an overflowing black population,
they would rest satisfied. The young would abandon
the thoughts ot removal, and tho old would cry out
in the language of ancient Simeon, “AW Domine,
i/i >;ii 11 iis."
.Mr. Speaker, I am aware, that by the frank ani!
unreserved expression that I have given to n>v synli
uients on '.his vitally interesting subject, 1 may have
called down on my head denunciations from those
" *u' v,ow *n a dillbrentaspect, and who go farther
than I am willing to go, or who fall short of me. i feel
iiiat I have little ot public standing, or capacity for
public usefulness to lose—but bad 1 as much mo.
r.il and political weight of character as ever rested
on mortal man, 1 would peril it all in such a cause
as V''8, 1,0 l,ro.sP‘-rily of tho country is at stake,
ami I will speak freely what I honestly think. “It
miiy own—my native land,” and vvluit [ can do, I
will <b>, to save her. As soon would I think ol
deserting a mother in distress, as of leaving |,cr in
her present situation. Wo have listened to many
lugubrious descriptions of her worn fields, and
desolated condition—and of the sorrowin'*' breeze
sigliinyj—tjiroiigli tho tops of her pines. Hut she
is my (Wintry; and for one, I will stand by her,
through evil reports as well as good. All that 1
have whatever interest 1 possess on earth_is
embarked on board tlie old vessel, and I will re.
main with her,—let her sink or swim.
Mr. Speaker, I cannot resume my seat, without
an unafiected and grateful expression ofiny thanks
.o vou, and t„ the House, for the very patient and
polite attention, with which you have regarded
the remans I have submitted, and which have been
greatly more discursivo and lengthy than I bad in.
tended when I commenced them.
IDEBATE TO l!E CONTINUED.]
taasm mwiw,
[VH y°u I'ave noi
WH • . . . ■” ' * nvu no
iT^i. witliin tins Commonwealth anv knowi
agent or attorney, I therefore cause puhlicntio,
to he made ot the following writ, as by the sail
writ I am required. JESSE P. KEESEE
Coroner of Henrico county
. v,ommonwcaJth of Vir^iT-i.-x to the Coro
ik t Ibunco county, reot imr; Whrroas Ehx.n
belli Oliver, late Elizabeth Long, |!y John Bath.
Ii< r next friend, heretofore exhibited to the r.mrt
.-f our SHi.l county her bill „f complaint ao-ainxt
; 0i|V,c'; wnorcumm sundry proceeding
.ia\c been had, as oppotiT^rom the records and
.I.cs of the said court; but before a final decree
con.d be pronounced in the cai.se, the caul Klizn
,bl D!11'fe,r ‘I(’P^ted tins life, intestate, as it i«
'aid] ami nd.mnistrati .n of all and singular h*m
p00de? chattels and credits hath liters in dim f.-rm
committed to Bern .mm Sh* npard, •herifl’of the
-ai l County of Henrico; and i: appearing by an
••bieavu filed wuh the clerk of our said court,
init lho cud James Oliver is < ut of (hi
.nonvvealtn and the raid Benjamin Sheppard,
sl.cnllol the county aforesaid, and ns such ad
mnustrato: ot the estate of the said Elizabeth
O .v, r, deceased having supplicated us for a
proper remedy in this bclin’f— therefore, wo cm
mand you that you malm known to the turent or
attorney in lad of the said James Oliver? ifanv
, mVG Wl!hin this Commonwealth, or if hr
have no such agent or attorney known, then that
jon make known to him, the said James () iv. r
by publication, /or four weeks successively, in
some newspaper published in this Common-'
wealth, that he, the said James Oliver, bo before
the Justices of our said County Court < I Henri
co, at the Court House, on the first Monday in
.darch next, to shew if any tiling for h;:n?r‘ ti,
have or kno»- to -ay. v ly the -aid suit should
pfoeec d in *, ,, i‘!na| ,j
not 1
and I
‘••’".■n it v as .
aid E i/.a. i
ce;vc what .in sa
'dr r—and i, • t
l;
ngn
^!»t and con
d ftli of i h<
to .! > a.el re
■ :h i' part con
-ml ilmre this writ. Wit
>! ih
1 rf tie
I'/. ’“',l ;l!:i C’lctt, clerk of our said r»Mrl
I his 4th day of .1 munry, 1032, in the 56th year
id too Commonwcal'h.
COF I'IN iS. ELLETT, Clk. If. C.
fob 3—Jaw Uv
OHIO KENTUCKY LANDS
rf]rllK Subsoriber ofTor* his services to non-re-i.
p uprietors of lands in the Stales ol
>h.o an.I Kentucky, for t!,o snlo thereof, and pay.
ornt ot the taxes. All letters addressed to him at
mcinnati, or to John If. Price, Esq. of Ricbniond,
ost paid, will he duly attended to. He refers those
0 wbom be may be unknown, to
Chief Jit-tice Marshall,
Chapman Johnson,
CffAr.Liis Copi.ano—and
Sa.m’l. Myers, Ksqrs.
,, «. , ^ ... . JAMF-' SOUTHGATE.
O ‘ ■ • * w'n nl-onttond ns Attorney at Law
« sm.s in the federal Courts at Columbus and
no 2—w0m
JOSHUA 3. FRY
^-1. Commission Men herd, on Crns?
. root near the United Stated Batik,
'flora for sale,
^tM I> i<j i II.o anil rijrl white coffoe
* ’ hiid.; prime St. Croix and N. O. sugars
30 do molasses
10 qr cask? S Madeira wine
25 do ft wort Malaga do
150 casks nails, ass >rted <.r/<\s
200 sack?. Liverpiu I filled salt
10 tou r country Iron
.I/.?'/ 07 consignment,
50 bills mount.'in firmly flour
40 firkins but' >r, par* roll
’00 Ibg. white blenched wool
500 Ibg. bees wax
Cash paid for Wheat. .a i2_tg
GOIIANNA
. Will, for the next scaoon, occupy
l/j ','s odd siaml, a*. Hall” Sink, nine
a mMiin from iCiclmioml, and three
f"j3 Irom the Merry Oaks. He will
C^.'* utiAJfStf ‘.and at fil’iy dollars the reason,
iV (licit ui'.iy be di'diargeil by tiie payment of forty
lollnrs, when tlte mares are taken away, or ro
use the hors. ; othetwi: > a note will be expect
'd for II it y do l.trs, payable on the first of January
next—sixty five dollars insurance and one dollar
[o l lie room.
t»ood pastures aro provided, and a charge of
twenty liv • cents a day for all mares left with
the horse, for feeding, &e.
(iolmmia’s colts have not yet made their ap
pearance on the turf, and it is with threat diffi
dence and Invitation that l undertake to speak
of their performances in a tall training, lost
pirlialily and interest n ay have misled me, and
1 might thereby mislead others; suffice ittosay
that, us tar as they have been tried by me, and
heard of from others, they have fully or more,
than equalled expectation; and 1 feel lho most
confident assurance that those who may desire
to bleed from tins line horse, will not be disap
pointed or dissuti lied with tliO resnl’.
i hat he is of the purest and most genuine raco
Imr e stock, is attested by the fact, that tlioro
hao never been a member of Ins family that woe
not a race nag ot distinction, citln r of the pre
; at generation or as far back as it can bo traced,
with the exception of she imported mare, and
'he was never tried, being purchased at two
years old, exclusively for breeding.
It is not a little eneotiraging to those who*
lune heretofore tivol from (Johanna, as well as*
tlio-se who may desire it in luture, to be iiilbrinctly
iliat a challenge his been made to run one of
ms colts over the Norfolk course, m xt Soring—
against any colt in the United States, for (Hi
lImusand dollars. This circumstance is men^
tioned because it surely is one woll calculated to
increase the public confidence in him as a stock
IIOMsK.
Gobamia servoo one hundred nml fifty-seven
inures la--!, year, having the celebrated horses
Sir Charles and Tiuiolcm a3 his competitors,
winch furnislies tile best evidence of satisfaction
wi'li the eppea ranee and promise of his colts.
there is another recommendation that may
|'i‘ ‘ propriety he ottered lor breeding from Go
liitiina, which is that his colts are so large ty. tins
universally „dmi led) that such as should'
ik t prove to In,* rue. horses, are sure to compen
sate Hi, ir owners for the trouble nml expense
ul itiisiua: n circumstance w»i;.*li should not be
o\er.oo.a;d in breeding, as in the nature of
Minims, it is utl likely that all can make ractf
IITsCj*.
Gohanna, it is believed, is now standing’ low
er tl'.an any other horse of incii-'ii m Vifgi
nia: this does not proceed from a dispoMiion°to
ue.oiehiii other horses, nor is it because his pro
Pn'11 hinks he ought not to stand ns high as
!*’ v in her whatever; nut he does not leel jusliiied
in raising to a level with others, until there lias
been some public exhibition on tlie part of his
?!arcs will be served at any time during the year,
ami such as did nut prove in foal from* the last
season, may b • sent again, and no charge
tor the s, rvices of tho liorsc.. unless thev should
prove in foul. JiNO. Al. llOTTS. /
jan 18 12(C
SALE OF LANDS.
F 2' ,vir,no 01 nn interlocutory decree of the
Circuit Superior Court of law and chaa
cerv, l .r the county of Albemarle, we shall of
Ihr fur sale at public auction, (if fair, if not the
next fair day) on the premises, on Thursday,
ilm nth of February, 18:12, a valuable tract of
DAM), belonging to the estate of Robert
Lewis, formerly of Albemarle cwunty, contain;
mg about four hundred acres, more or
less. This lurid is situated on Totier Creek
•n the couii'y of Albemarle, two miles above’
Scottsvillc. is ol excellent quality, and well a—
da pled to t lie culture of Tobacco, Corn, Wheat;
&e.—The improvements consist of n comfort
able Dwelling-house and Out-houses, a -rood
and commodious Darn, a Wheat Machine,
A considerable portion of tins tract is fine’To
tier bottom.
And on the same day, should there be time,
i'1™': 0,1 li!u succeeding day,) two unimprovedj
LO J b, in the town of ScotUville. These lots
are well situated in one of the most flourishing
towns of the State. f!
1 erms A credit of t nnd ‘2 vears—purcha
sers giving bonds with approved security, ant
deeds ol trust on the property to secure the put
ebase money.
JOHN MORRIS, )
CHARLES HUDSON i Coinm’rs,
Nov. r: ’ 5 |
FKMALL SCHOOL.
T) V,R|^ri ,tho ons*'ling year, a Fcmalo Scl.
will be kept at the house of the subscrit
i; mi: smixcri!
in the county of llenrico, and about ten miles fi
the city of Richmond, in a healthy and nlcai
situation. The Session will commence on tlj
, Ja,,"-‘ry next* :*'nl terminate the 15th of De
her ensuing.—The School will be conducted
.1 lady, believed to bo entirely competent to t
all tlm useful and substantial branches of a l
Irnghsh education. From 8 to 10 pupils caa
accommodated will, b.nnl and washing, and tJ
f hem every care and attention will be paid.—Term
will he for fhe entire session, including evd
charge, for board, washing and tuition. '
de a7 MAlty G. C. 8IIEPPAR<b
rwairP to 'WUlCi'fi.
? *v,i! scriber has for sale, Bolling Cloth
° Ior duality, of the Anker stnmi
perior duality, of the Anker stamc
l.ern No. - to No. ff, and can recommendtiier
to those wno are in want of the article.
ANDREW SWEENf.
A S. also olFrs for sale, first rate Fajiil
• bur, and a few half barrels superior Motirttai
>i:ck wheat, together with some very fi*e M -ut.
tain lnitfor, hi small fuk'ns. ji 26_(ft,
•Nclhodc Mode.rnc (i'Enscignetncnfr J
i v TIIK ART OF
% *«'i \?-*,
«
; V
•r L Ii blo.ndel,
r "f V'taring—reee/n'oj from llolttZor
m i rvi M.) informs the inhabitants of 'tie
uiond and its icmity , Uia! be inton '?
open an Academy in lhi- C,ty. .t the UNTI0|
IIU I 1.1., it a sufficient number of Pupils be ol
fered against tho 10th inst. I
^ Ions. Hlondel’s modern mctliod of in-tradio!
ul-.i li is now practised in Europe, with the mol
dcei.i ,1 advart.ige, and which be obhincL
uni n lately in I’.ris, from the most cnlcbtatel
liol. sors, of tliat fashion ,hlu city of Etropt
is very easy to pupils, and soon brings /hen]
indi <|>iuis:ib!o requisite of cas6f gj
•m l agreeable deportments and does mi*
11"M‘' :i l inger period of time, than from
I a o quarter lessons, according to the age of
pits, and their disposition to receive that innooL,
:nd delightful accomplishment, required in all tho
circles of the Mean .Monde.
Monn. lllondcl having taught fhe children of
I 'Ego number of conspicuous | rsonages of Bnlti
iiion;, and almost all tim respectable fimilies o
r<l,a»s who have honored him with lliei
kind ;>■ i ’ i in ,go.
M • v i.* ef hi (i . .. to • |
line; and private insfruction at the dwellings
ippii cants. ®
REFER KSChX*
V’r:,*' , , J- If- nir,,Sa,j.
hogrinr Montalnni, ./ //. AV*//
l’’/iohcrao11' Armill cad.
. ' 1 irum two to five hundri
! -R Hogs. Apply to
i*' JNO. V WILLCOX, Jr. & Co.
C.WDMX Au
^"*"* ^Fholas & Humphroyyvoai
-y (I les
bags prime old Java Coffee
<• re>h hops—just received, for sale by
TliOMAS II. DREW, Ag’f.
TJ-SKXM’OSA whiskey;
TuPCJik>o?n VVhisk^v, jl
feb , received. Til. DREW, Agent]