Memphis daily appeal. [volume], July 06, 1861, Image 2

About Memphis daily appeal. [volume] (Memphis, Tenn.) 1847-1886

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MEMPHIS.
iTIK DA .nKI!. jrV 6.
LARGEST ilR. CMTiOS H THE i IV.
SfiE F1RT kin FOiiRTU PGE.
1UK rKEXIDKXi'S 'II Jt.f .
IS Eff FK Tntl 1 Ulirni 5EW"
r in H I WlMfW
la our columns the morning will be found
tte message of Piesident Lincoln, delivered
to congress yesterday, in full.
Appreciating the great anaietj of tat en'ire
BaAtaa for tbis document which it wag known
wouU fi.n.-Uadow tte war pmgamme of our
enensifs we bave, t considerable outlay,
been enabled to serve our rea ler at the ear
ieat boar of publication ?fter its delivery. It
ig the first success of the kitd ever accoin
pliehed in this ci y; and we fut'er ourselves
that a discriminating publ c will not fail to
appreciate it, new and hereafter.
Wa commenced receiving the message at
bslf-past Wen last nisbt, after our usual
matter had been put in type, consequently we
Nad neither time nor room for comments.
nirn si i:av iditioji.
The P'lniisy Afpeai has long been an insti
tu'lon, and as it bs grown In tht publices
limatina our bumble efforts hie been unsparing
la dibit? it worthy at is immense popularity.
It will hereafter be the only paper publiahed in
Memphis on Sunday moraine;, and bo laoor
hall li wanting to make it fill every put lie
demand In addition to the usual summary of
news which our pepcr contains on other days
at the week, we ishall collect the choicest perns
cf literature, in its vari.ua departments, to
amuse and instruct tie Sunday reader. Not
w 'h'tandieg ;be immense edition which we
pr nt every mcrr.-ng, there ws no day duriig
the pael week on wLich our edition did not fall
from 6ve hundred to one thousand sheets short
of the demand. This state of affairs arises
from he fact that the difficul'y of procuring
paper makes it necessary that we should bs
saving of that ar icle, and cot.ifquently our
tditiou is always but little in advance of eur
.-.It-; we would therefore remind our friends
thpt any large orders for cur psprr to-n.orrow
aad hereafter, should be left at the counting
ror m in advance.
a naanin jrn.ts rewakdrp.
Ee m ai as n Fthlriege has received the
prce of his treachery, hiving been elected
rlrrk of the rump co: gr.es now in session at
Washington.
By roisri'prfsentir g his immediate constitu
ents, in tbr. last congress, the betrayer pau-
cre'l to our enemies to such an extent that he
has forced them to act contrary to the maxim
of honorable trjep, that of despising ths traitor
while loving the treson. He hsa accomplish
e : his pur'os?,;and w feerconfiientlTensessee
is rid of Lim for we give him the credit of
bavin; suiTicient penetration to kuotv that
the people of bis district, should he appear
among them, would only tolerate bis presence
long enouga to prepare themselves to confer
upon him he punishment be merits at the bands
of an ou'.r;icd people.
At the late election the district in which
Ethsudcie ies.idel gave a vote of 12,215 for
:! i r:. .1 4ri5'.' in the r.eguive. Our ad
vices from the several counties, give asv.rai.ee
that a gueral acquiescence in the popular ver
dict pervads the entire district. Tbera is no
di-.uion now in the locality, neither would
thare be, should Ethkridge return, any diver
sity of opinion as to what puaisbmeat should
be bestowed upon Lim.
fuo.ti rrNSAroi.A.
A friend in camp at Warrington, Florida,
has farwsrded us a b"ao'iflly execu'ed map
cf Fr P.ckens and its surroundings, showit g
the positions of He forces on bo h sides, the
latteries, location of the federal war vessels,
etc. The map is accompanied by an explicitly
detailed description of the various defenses oc
cupied by the confederate Iroopa. The letter
ch.ee witb the following pRraeraphs:
Fro n this explanation of the map you can
,'ortn sim o union of the piition of our forces
and fortifications here. Several of our ka'ter
ien are maek-d, and the enemy knows nothing
of their si'uatl -n, especially the mortars, and
on tnis account no publication of the informa
tion herein contained most be made.
The troops h-re are well drilled, enjiy fine
health, live ex'ra vaeantly W.-II for soldiers, are
h'tntiveto their d it;es, prompt and cheerful
in 'he obi-dienc of all orders.
We kuow we cau take the fort, and wait or
ders with some A?zre of impatience, while
th-re Is worK to be done in Virginia, which we
wish to share
Imp iitakt Water tor the SoLnriRS.
The Richmond n.7ircr refers to the fact that
the mil iar-, are complaining of the inadequa e
provision mads on acme of the railroads for
supplying tbera w.th wat.r during their trans
porta ion. We think tie request made for a
better supply, Is a reaa nable one, and trust
tbat it will auract the general attention of all
connected with the tnarisg-ment of railroads
over which troops sre transported. A liberal
sunply of water on boar: the cars, and orpoi
tunitita for replenishing it at suitable inter
vals, should be an unalterable part cf every
srra'"Mnent. Tubs and buckets of water
abould be abundantly distributed through the
cars. It is a shame to have the soldiers suffer
ing unnecessarily.
fgg" Tiie Bal imie Clipper of Saturday
evening ays, tbat Colonel Henly, wba, aa
cvost martini, has, by order or Uenera! .
P. Bai ks, superseded the police of Baltlmare,
hrts placed a twelve-pound cannon in the main
hail cf tbe old city hall, which he haa seized
upon as his quarters. Tbe federal troops have
r, tawed their search for aims in the private
bouses of the citizens
Lfoim-ativb. By reference to announce
ment in our advertising columr.s, it will be
seen tbat Col. Richard TS. Somerville, of Tip
ton, is a candidate for floating representative
in the- State legislature, for tbe coun ies of
Fayette. Sb.lJ) and Tipton. Mr. Scmemlle,
jf elected, w ll bring to the support of tte
S-sre legislature a sound bead and a patriotic
heart.
f-z cardrrom the Bri .ish consul, in R ch
mond, slates that the British schooner Tropic
Wdm lately- aei.'sd by the federal fleet In
Hainr.toa roada, and sen to Washington, has
been released ai d given back ia charge of tbe
master of the vess;l.
"Randolph," the f ble Norfolk corres
pondent of the Charleston .Mercury, says that
tbey will soon have a r.avy at Norfolk able to
remove ary blockade tbst tbe kangaroo pres
ident can put around tbe mouth of that river.
Xavo a-e Prize. Tbe value of the carrtoas
and vaaaels cap'ured by Col. Tbomas and bin
companions, is e-ima-cd to be $375,600. The
steamT St. Nicholas is a first classjboat, 275
feet lone;, sidewbeeh
fjy The Norfolk Day Book says tbat the
e .psgement at Bi"bel cburcb ia the Identical
spot on which tbe first battle In tbat penii eu
Urtockplsee during tbe revolutionary war.
The first new wheat raised In Msry
lanJ, was exhibited in Baltimore on Friday
morning l1'-
WHY EI'RUPE PK(ITKITiAGinST
Till) It! ut KADI .
The manufacturing countries cf Europe are
obliged to destroy the embargo on our trade,
and that it is their policy to do so in a very
short time is evident from this fact their
manufacture" goods mull aavc an outlet for
sale.
The South ia their best m irket, became it is
almo-t exclusively an. agricultural district.
They want not only to sell their commodities,
bit alfo to buy our staples. Europe must
hive the latter. But beinj without specie to
bay, and a blockade existing against sh'n
meets, it will be impossible for the manufac
turing interests of foreign countries to live un
less rhey can get the raw material and return
us their goods. Erglaad, for example, should,
if the usual course of trade was being prose
cuted, be now sending us rcetcbaidise for the
fall and winter trade. Unless that country
and France do so, they v. ill accumule, in their
warehouses, immense quantities of manufac
tured fabrics, for which they will have no sale,
and when the time comes for the shipment, of
our growing crop, there will be no equivalent
here for it.
Then England will be obliged to purchase
cotton for cotton she must have with specie.
To subtrac: from their bullion tRe necossary
amount to purchase four million bales of cot
ton would shake the commercial interests of
that conntry with an unprecedented convul
sion. Only a few weeka ago the drain f
twenty-five millions of specie from that coun
try, caused the rates to advance three and a
half percent., and convulsed the bank depend-
. - -.
: ents with an unwonted panic, n mis Mim
i suddenly taken from their bank vaul's was
' productive of such serious results, bow much
j more disastrous must the effect be should the
j entire value of the cotton crop be demanded in
: specie?
Were it simply a pecuniary matter with our
customers, the effect might not be so disas
trous, but there is no expsnslon allowable in
the regularly methodized business o. Engiar. d.
Her millions of operatives require a basis of
sptcie for their aubs-ister.ee, and they w.nild
not understand the revulsion in trade caused
by a decrease of its deposits. Eoglina tnwl
ablp her manufacture! to our market, if she
wishes a basis of exchange for the cotton she
will be necessitated to have in order to keep
her operatives employed.
Notwithstanding she may commence ship
ping now, there will not be sufficient time for
her marine to bring over a sufficiency cf com
modities to purchase the -rop. Hence we pre
dict that the balance will be supplied with
specie, an.! that by the firat day of the incom
ing year there will be more specie in the South
than ever befo-e.
Though not a single ship floats over to us
wares for our productions, there will be an im
mense smount of money brought to the coun
try, for the cotton must be bought, and cash cr
Its equivalent only will secure the purchase.
It will secure a good price, too, beeaoee the
planter will notaccept a small or non-compen-aiing
f.-ure for bis produce. It will ocrnr
again, as in 1857, when the price went down
to a low rate, that the planter will fold bis
arms and say he will not sell he can wait for
better prices ill renew hi notes and thus
force a good rate eventually. The short sup
ply at the staple now in foreign countries
gives promise that he will not have to wait
long for a purchaser at fair terms.
Those rcun'ries will not wait much longT
for tbe nainterrupted transit of their vessels
Thev may await the result cf tbe deliberations
of the f.deral congress, but under any circum
stances the ships of Fraree and England wiil
be movirj tc a pd from our ports by the 1st of
September, snd, if necesssry to secure it, their
armaments will sweeptbe cockle-shell navy rf
Likcolst from ths ocean. They cannot afford
the old United States government tbe luxury of
destroying taeir mr.ufac urlrg interests; they
cannot afford to have a money panic on the
continent; hence thev will balance trads as
early and nicely as possible, and save them
selves and u from harm.
Peace Movement in Delaw.-ss. A State
convention of the friends of peace BKM held
ut Dover, Delaw are, on 'Thursday, the 27th.
There was 8n immerse attendance of the bone
akd sinew of tbe State. Ex-Governor Temple
presided, supported by thiriy-one vice-presidents.
The first resolution declares in favor
of peace, and urges the acknowledgment of
tbe independence of the Confederate States in
preference to aa attempt to conquer and hold
them as subjugated provinces. Other regclu
tions, dsnounclng Lincola, and expressing
grateful thanks to Senators Bayard aad
(liulsbcy were unanimously and enthusiasti
cally ac.opted.
Bacb ed Oct. The Louisville Courier says
that aitnng tbe volunteer companies raised
over in Indiana was cne, the captain of which
was MIJ desirous to have accepted "for the
war." Well, tbe order came to march, but ths
captain had a sudden and irrepressible call to
private business, which compelled him to re
sign. The company called a meeting to act
on the resignation of their captain, when tbey
all unanimously (but two dissenting votes)
determined to resign, too, "out of respect to
their captain."
Tbe Floating- Dry Dockat Femccola.
We published a statement, copied from a
let :er from Fort Pi. kens to the New York
Toarier and Enquritr, giving an account of
tio capture, by the federal forces, of the dry
dock. The following from the Per.sacola Oo
seirer, (bows tbe item to have been a canard,
aeot North to satisfy the abolition expectation
thlt somebody, or tomtthing, on our side,
would be hurt :
Tbf news-mongers and penny-a-liners who
write for an l ea"it the newspapers in the inter
est of the old wreck art so given to lying that
there is no crsdei.ee to be given to anything
they say or write. The dry dock was never
nor is it now in their possession. It suited tbe
views of the Confederate commander to an
chor the dry dock in the bay opposite the navy
iM'for good reasons of hi own, and h Jdid
so, hu it never has been in close proximity to
Fort Pickens, nor could tbs Biowni'ea get it
have no doubt at all that the Brownites were
v. re tney ever bo desirous to obtain it. U t
in terrible fear not only of the dry dock and
Gen. Bragg at that time, but we are pretty
e ir ndi-n' their fears have nowise abated. They
have good cause for tlifir slate of trepidation.
Whenever he thinks fr to let loose bis .logs of
war upon them, Fort Pickens and Santa Rosa
Island will be too small a compass for tbem to
exercise tbeir running qualities upon. It may
be unnecessary to remark tbat tbey all under
stand this, and it accounts for their keeping so
many vessels close by that they may take
refuge on board, when the hour of danger ar
rives. A'ous rerrona.
UTEB KHOTl rBHIAOMl.
Correipo&dDC of th Mobil Adrertuer.
Warbington, June 30. At our post again,
s you mav see after an absence "down tbe
Perdido," of one w.ek on business, we return
to find all nearly in raf go. True there has
been some excitement caused by the landing
of reinforcements at Fort Pickens. But there
has been no blood spilled no collision.
The force landed on Santa Rosa Island was
at first thought to be v-ry lsrge, araotintlr g to
many thousands, and if the es'imate bad been
coriect, it might have been ieasonable to sup
pose that the troops had changed their tactics,
and were determined on aa early attack upon
us, and which may even yet be ihe esse ; but
from all we -an learn the numbers were far
above th n. rk, as good judges affirm that
there are not more than 2500 men on the Inland.
But to be or not to be, we are ready.
Bragg is a great G -neral, and evinced bli
usual forethought in ordering all riviliais
away from tbe navy yard and vicinity some
days before the reinforcement of Fort Pickens.
He was evidently posted.
"Uncle Sam" is trying every device to shroud
all big movements in mystery. ( rhe Confed
erate abould to the game.) Some six or seven
of their big aft ship are making mysterious
movements off the Island, going and returning.
A large oody of Abe Lincoln's ssteiites were
conveyed westward from the Island a few
nights since look out for news.
The Convention. This bodv last evening
I adjourned pursuant to an order of a previous
' day. to meet again on tbe second We Inesday
', of November next. A large amount of un
I fi liehed business was completed, and the most
i important ordinances upriu the table taken up
! and passed.
It Is belirvec however tbaf the most fmnor
j tant business was transacted in secret session,
i in which two or three hours were consumed.
Ainn.' acts passed was one authorizing tbe
hanks to accept treasury notes, and a series
cf resolu'ione transferring the Provisional
army of Virginia to the Confederate States.
Richmond gvi rtr, June 2.
By Telegraph!
EXILI SIYELY FUR THE APPEAL.
piwi'o mum
lifliTered to the Ex ra Session
CF THE
FEDERAL CONGRESS.
Washington, July 5, 186L
Frit citizen of the Sennte uJ Hsuse f Uep
rcseutaiives :
Havi' g been convened on an extraordinary
occasion, aa au'horlztd by tbe constitution,
your attention is not called to any ordinary
subject of legislation. At tbebeginning of the
present presidential term, four months ago,
the functions of tbe federal government were
found to be generally suspended within tbe
several Slates of South Carditis, Georgia,
Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Florida,
excepting only those of the post office depart
ment. Within these States the forts, arsenals,
dorks, harbors, custom-bouses and tbe like,
including Ihe movable and stationary property
in ami about tbera, had been seized, and was
held ia opea hostility to the government, ex
cepting only, Forts Pickens, Taylor, and Jef
ferson, on and near the Florida coast, and
Fort Sumter in Charleston harbor, South Caro
lina. The forts 'bus seized had been put in an
approved condition, new ones had been built,
and armed forces had been organized, and
were organizing, all avowedly with the same
bos ile purpose. The for s remain ng la the
possession ef the federal eoverntnen ir.
and near these States, were either beselge t
nr menaced by warlike preparationa, and
especially Fort "Ptim'er was nearly surrounded
by well protected hostile batteries, with guns
equal in qnali'.v to the best of its own, and out
numbering tiie'lstter as perbaps ten to one. A
disp op-rtionate share of the federal muskets
an.4 rifles bad amehow foam! their way Into
these S'ates, and bail been seized to bs used
against th a govern itient. Accumulation of ths
puMie revenue Ivintr within teem bad ben
seized for the eim object. The navy was
catterel in distant seas, leaving but a
very small part wr.hfn the immediate use of
the'uovernmen'. ll officers cf tbe f'deral
! army and navy bad resigned in great r.umbrs,
j and of these resisui g a lsrje proportion had
I tsken up arms arainst tbe enverntnert. Simu'
I tsneously, and in connection with all these,
' purposes to sever the federal union were open-
ly avowed. In accordance with this purpose,
: an ordinance hid been adepted in each
of the States, declaring the States re
' spective'y to be separated from the na
j tionsl union: A fo'm ila for combining
' and instituting a combination of fhese States
I had besn promulgated, and Ihia il'cgsl ortrani
I zation in the character of Confederate States
! was already invokin? recognition, aid and in
i tervention from foreign powers. Finding this
j condition of tbintrs, and believing it to be an
I imperative duty upon tbe incoming executive
1 to prevent, if possible, the con.ummalion of
such attempts to de.-troy th federal Union, a
choice of mans to that end became indispen
sable. This choice was made and de
clared in the inaugural address in .March.
Pie policy chosen looked to the exhauation of
all peaceful measures before a resort to any
stronger oneB. I sought only to hold the pub-
ric places ana property cot aireauy wrasreu
from the government, and collect tbe revenue,
relying for the rest on time, discussion and
'he ballot-box. It promised a continuance of
the maila at government expenae, to tbe very
people who were resisting the govern
ment, and it gave repeated pledges
against any dis'urbance to any of tbe
people or any of their rights, of all that
which a president might constitutionally aad
it tiably do in such a cas. Everything wa3
forborne, without which it was believed impos
sible to keep the government on foot. On tbe
5'b o March, tbe present incumbent's first full
day of office, a letter of Maj. Anderson, com
manding at Fort Sumter, written on the 28. h
of Fehruarv. snd received at the war depart
ment on the 4 h of March, was by that dejJrt
ment placed In my bands. This letter
expressed tbe professional opinion of the
wncitr that reinforcements cou'd not be
thrown into tbat fort within the time
fcr bis relief, rendered necessary by the
limited ipp y of provisions, and with a view
of boldirg possession of the sams with a force
of I'ss than 20,000 good and disciplined men.
This opinion was concurred in by all the offi
cers of hiscommsnd, and the memoranda on
the subject were made together with icclosurss
of Major Anderson's letter.
The w' ole was immediately laid before
Lieutenant-General Scott, who at once con
curred with Major Anderson's opinion. On re
flectiun, however, b took full time for consult
ation with other officers both of the army and
navy.and at the end of four fay came reluctant
ly but d'eidedly to the same conclusion as before
He also stated at tbe game time that such suf
ficient force wig not at the cotrol of the gov
ernment and could not be raised and brought
to the ground within the time when the pro
visions ia the fort would be exhausted. In a
purely military joint of view this reduced ihe
duty of tbe a. 'minis 'ration in tbe case to the
mere matter of taking the garrison aafely out
of the fort. It was believed, however,
'hat to abandon that position under the
ctrcumstanaes would be utterly ruinous;
that the necessity under which it was to
he done would not be fully understood;
tnat hv many it would be construe,; as
I par' of voluntary policy; that at home it would
discourage the friends of the Union, embolden
its adversaries, and gn far to InBiire to the lat
ter a recognition abroad; that in fact it would
be our national destruction, if consummated.
This could not be allowed. Starvation was
not yet upon th garrison, and ere it would be
reached, Fort Pickei s might be reinforced.
Thia last would he a clear indication of poli
cy, and would better enable the country to
accept tbe evacuation of Port Sumter aa
a military necessity. An order was
at once directed to be sent for the land
ing of the troops on the steamship Brooklyn
into Fort Pickens. This order could not go by
land, but mnst take the longer and slower route
by sea. The first remra news from the order
was received but one week before the fall cf
Fort 6'imter. The news i self was that ths
officer commanding the Sabine to which ves
sel tbe troops bad been transferred from the
Krooklyn acting upon some qussi armistice of
the late administration, up to the time lbs order
was dispatched, had only two vague and un
certain rumors to fix attention, and had re
fused to land the troops. To reinforce
Fort Pickens before a crisis would be reached
I Fort Sumter was impossible, rendered so by
me near exnauttton or provisions in tne latter
named fort. In precaution against such a con
juncture the government had a fw days be
fore commenced preparing an expedition as
well adapted as might be, to relieve Fort Sum
ter, which expedition was intended to be ulti
ma ely medor not, accerdingtocircumsUnces.
The strongest anticipated cage for using it was
now presented, and it wes resolved togend it for
ard as had been intended in this contingency
It was also reeolvrd to no'ify the governor of
Souib Carolina that he might expee an at
tempt wu!d be made to provision the fort,
and that if the attempt should not be reeisted
there would be no effort to throw in more arms
or ammunition without further notice, or in
j rae of an attack upon the fort
This notice
was accordingly gcv r; vhereupon the fort
was attackd and bombarded even to tbe fall
withou' even waiting tbe arrival of the pro
visioning expedition. It is thus seen that the
assault upon and reduction of Fort Sumter was
in no sense a matter of aelf-defense on the
pari of the assailants. He well knew that the
garrison in the fort cou'd by nc possibility
commit aggrsion upon tbetn. Tbey knew
they were expressly notified tbat the giving of
rbead to the few brave and hungry
men of the garrison was all which
would on that occasion be attempted,
unless themselves by resisting so much
shoujd provoke nrre. They knew that
he government desired to keep the garrison la
the fort not to aasail them, but to merely main
'ain visible possession, and thits to preserve the
Union from ac'ual and immediate dissolu
tion, trusting as hereinbefore Btated, time, dis
cussion an;, tbe ballot box, for final adjust
ment, and tbey assailed and reduced
the fort for precisely the reverse object, to
drive out the visible authority of the federal
Union, and thus force it to immediate dissolu
tion. Tbat this was their object the executive
well understood. And having said to them in
the inaugural addresB, "You can have no con
flict without beine yourselves the aggressors,"
be took pains not only to keep tbis declaration
good, but also kept tbe use so free from power i
of ingenious sophistry as tb't the world should j
not be able to miunders'and it. By the affair j
at Fort Sumter, wl.h the surrounding circum- ;
stances, that point was reached. Then and
there, by the assailan's of the government, he- i
gan the conflict of 'rms, vi bout a gun in sight I
or in expectancy to return their tire save ths j
few in the fort sent to that harbor years be-
fan for their own protection, and are still ready ;
to give that protection in whatever Is lawful, j
In this act, discarding all else, they have forced
MB the country the destructive issue, imme- ,
diate dissolu'ion or blood; and tbis issue em- i
bractfJ more than the fate of the
United Stapes. It presents to the whola '
family of man tbe question, whether
constitutional republic or democracy, a gov
ernment of the people by the same people can
or cannot maintain its territorial integrity
againet Its own dcesmtic foes. It pre- j
son's tbe question whether discontented indi
viduals, too few in number to con'iol th ad- :
ministration acroidiog to organic law in any
crbc, and always up.ni tbe -fretenses made in
tUa ca-a or any other pretenses, or arbitrarily ,
without any pretence, break up their govern- j
ment, and ttius practically put an end to free
government upon the earth. It forces us to j
ask ' is there in all republics tbis inhertut ,
and fatal weakness ? must a govern
ataaH of necessity be too strong for j
the liber' iss of its own people, or too j
weak to maintain its own existence?"
So viewing the issue, no choice was left but to j
call out the war power of tbe government, and
aa to resist the farce employed for its destruc- j
tion by force for i'a preservation. The call j
was made, and the response of tbe country was
raot gratify. ng, surpassing in unanimity and
spirit the in. at sanguine txpectations. Yet
none of the States commonly called alave
Stats, except Delaware, gave a regiment
throigh regular State organization. A few
regiments have be?n organised within loue
others of those States ly individual en
terprise, and received into the government
service'. Of course the seceded States,
o-called, and to which Texas bad
been joined about the time of the inauguration,
gave no troops to lh cause of the Union. Tbe
bord.es States, so called, were not unifoimin
their action, some of them being a'most for
the Union, while ino'.hers, aa Virginia, North
Carolina, Tennessee and Arkansas, the Union
sentiment was nearly repressed and silenced.
The course taken in Virgini.t was the most re
markable, perhaps the most important ; a con
vention elected by the people of the State to
consider this very question of disrupting the
federal Union, was in session at the capital of
Virginia when Fort Sumter fell. To this body
the people had choaen a large majority of
professed Unioa men. Almost immediately
after the fall of Sumter, many members of that
majority went over to the original disunion
sabiotity, and wiib them adopted an ordinance
for withdrawing the State from the Union.
Whether tbis change was wrought by tbeir
great approval of the assault upon Sumter, or
tbe great resentment at Ihe government's re
sistance to that assault, s not definitely
known. Although they submitted the ordi
nance for ratification to a vote of the people,
to be tsken on a day then somewhat more
than a month distant, the convention, and tbe
legislature, which was also in session at the
sane time r,d place, with leading men
of the State, not members of either,
immediately commencd acting as if the
Sta'e were already out of the Union. They
pushed" military preparations vigorously for
ward all over the S! ate; thev seized the United
t'iates armory at Harper's Fttv and the navy
yard at Gosport, near Norfolk. They receiv
ed, pr i lisps invited, into tlisir State large bo
dies of armed troops, with their .v.irlik ap
pilntiaents, from the sc-cil'cd sccedtd Stales.
They formally entered into a treaty of tempo
rary a'liance and co-operation with tbe i
called Confederate States, ar.d sent member
to their congress at Montgomery, and final; f
they permitted the insurrectionary government
to be transferred to their capital a! Ricbinand.
The people of Virginia have ttis allowed this
giant insurrection to malte a rest within her
border, and this government has no choice
left hut to deal with it whare tt finds i(, and it
has the less regret as theaoyal citizens have
indue form claimed its protection. Those
loyal citizens thia gevernaaent is bound to rec
ognize and protect as befrg in Virginia, as
on of the border States, so called; in fact
in the Middle States there are those who
favor a policy whic'u they call armed
neutrality, tbat is, an arming of these
States to prevent tbe union forces passing
one way, or the disunion forces the other over
their soil. This would be disunion completed;
figuratively speaking it would be the building
of an impassabls wall along the line of sepa
ration, and yet not quite an impassable on,
for, tin 'er the guise of nea'rslity, it would
tie the hands of the Union men and freslv pass
supplies from among them to the insurrection
ists, which it could not do as an open enemy.
At a stroke it would tako all the trouble
off the hands of secession, except only
what proceeds from tbe external block
ade; it would do for the disunionists that
which of all things they most desire,
feed them well and give them disunion with
out a struggle of their own. It recogniz"s no
hdelity to the constitution, no obligation to
maintain tthc Union; and while very many
who l ave favored it are doub'les loyal, it is
nevertheless very inj irions in effect. Recur
ring to th action (.f the government, it may
He ated I hat at first a call was made for
75,000 militia, and rspidly following this a
proclamation was issued for closirg the ports
of the insurrectionary districts by proceedings
in the nature rf a blockade. So far, all
waa believed to bo strictly legal. At this point
the'insnrectionists announced their intention to
enter upon the practice of privateering. Other
calls were made for volun'cerB to serve three
year, tmless sooner dis -hBrged. and also for
a large addition to the regular army and
navy. These measures.whether gtrictly leal or
not. were ventured upon under what appeared
to be a popular demand and a public neces
sity, trusting then as now that congress would
readily ratify them. It is believed that noth
ing has been done beyond tke constitution or
the competency cf csngress. Soon after
the first call for militia, it waa con
sidered a duty to authorize the command'rg
general in proper cases according to bis dis
cretion, to Buspend the privilege of the writ of
habtat corpus; or, in other words to arrest and
detain without resort to the ordinary process
andfforms of law such individuals as he might
deem dangerous to the public safety. This au
thority has purposely been exercised but very
sparinglr: nevertheless, tbe legality and pro
priety of what has been done under it are
questions, and the attention of tbe country has
been called to the proposition tbat one who i
sworn to take care tbat the laws be faithfully
executed, should not himself violate them. Of
course some consideration was given to the
qusstions of power and propriety l-efore this
matter was ai-'ed upon. The whole of the
laws which were required to be faithfully exe
cuted were being resisted, and failing of exe
cution in nearly on-third of the States, must
they be allowed to finally fail of execution, even
had it been perfectly clear that by tb
use ef the means nece'ssry to their execution,
some single liw, made ia such extreme tender
ness of the citizens' liberty, that, practically,
it relieves more of the guilty than of the inno
cent, should to a very limited extent be vio
lated? To state the question more directly,
are all the laws but one io go unexecuted and
the government itself to go to pieces lest that
one be violated? fven iti such a case, would
not the official oath be broken if the govern
ment should be overtbrrwn when it was be
lieved that disregarding the single law would
lend to preserve it. But it was not believed tbat
this question was presented; it was not believed
bat any law was violated; the provision of the
constitution is that the privilege of the writ cf
b ibeas corpus shall not be suspended, ualess
when in caeeaof rebellion or invasion the pub
lic safety may require it. It isequiva'ent to a
provision that such privilege may be suspend
ed when in case of rebellion or invasion the
public safety does require it. If wits decided
that we have a esse of rebellion, and that the
public safety does require the qualified suspen
sion of the privilege of tbe writ, which was
authorized to be made. Now it Is insisted
that congress and not the executive is vested
with this power, but tbe constitution itself
is silent as to which or who is to exercise the
power, and tbe provision was plain'y made for
a dangerous emergency. It cannot be believed
that the framers of the instrument intended
tbat in every case tbe danger should run its
course until congress should b called together,
the very assembling of which might be pre
vented, as was intended in this case by the re
bellionists. No more extended argument is
now offered, as an opinion at some lenctii will
probably be presented by the attorney
refreral. Whether there shall be any legis
lation upon tbe subject, and if any, what,
is submitted entirely to the better
judgment of Congress. The forbearance of
tbis government had been so extraordinary
and so loug continue I as to lead some foreign
nations to shapo their action as if they sup
posed the early destruction of our National
Union was probable, while this on discovery
gave the exerutive some concern, he ia now
happy to say that tbe sovereignty and rights
of the United Staffs are now everywhere prac
tically respected by foreign powers, and a gen
eral sympathy with the country ia manifested
throughout the world. The reporta of the Sec
retaries of the Treasury, War and Navy will
give the information in detail deemed necessa
ry and corvei.ietit for your deliberation and
action, while t'e executiae and all the depart
ments will stand ready to supply omissions or
to communicate new facts considered impor
tant for you to know. Ii is now recommend
ed that you give tbe legal means for making
this contest a short and decisive one, tbat
you may place at the control of the govern
ment fo: the werk at least fo.r hundred thous
and men f 100,000,000, that number of men i
being about one tenth of those of proper ages
within the regions where appareni ly all are '
willing to engage, and the sum is less than a j
thenty-third part of the money value owned
by the men who seem ready to devote the
whole. A debt of $60(y;00,000 nw, is a less
am per bead than was the debt of our j
revolution when we came out of i
tbat struggle, and the money value I
ir, tbe country now bearf even a greater pro-
portion to what it wartben doe the pcpula-
tion. Surely each man bts s strong a motive i
now to preserve our liberties as each had then !
to establish them A right result at this time will !
be worth more now to the world than ten tim-a I
the men and ten times the money. The evi-
deuce reaching us from tho country leaves no !
doubt that the material for tbe work is abun- j
dant, and that it needa only the hand of legis
lation to give it legal sanction, and
the hand of the exe.-ntivc to give it prac- i
tical shape and efficiency. One of the j
greatest perplexities of the government is to
avoid receiving troops faster than provided for
tbem. In a word, tue people will save their
government if tbe government itself will do
its part only indifferently.
While tt might seem, at first thought, of but
little difference whether ibe (resent movemei t
at u.e South be called secession or rebellion,
the movers, however, well understood the
dierence at the beginning. They knew
that they could never raise their treason
to any iespsct'.ble magnitude by any name
which implies viol tion of law. They
knew their people posseeaed as much
of moral sense ; as much of devotion
to law and order, and as much pride and rev
erence for tbe his'ory and government of their
commn country, as any civilized and patri
otic people they co'ild make no advancement
directly in the teeth of these strong and noble
sentiments. Acc. rdintly they commenced an
insidious debauching of the public mind, tbey
invented an Ingenious sophism, whitb, if con
ceded, was followed by perfectly logical steps
through all the incidents to the complete de
struction of the Union. The sophism itself is
tbat any State of the Union may constitution
ally wi'b tbe national constitution, therefore
lawfully and peacefully withdraw from
the Union without the consent of the
union or any other State. They little diguis
the supposed right is o be exercised only for
a just cause, because thev themselves are to be
the sole judges of its justice is too thin to
merit any notice with rebellion, thus sugar
coated, they have been drugging the public
mind of their seetion for more than thirty
years, until at length they have brought many
good men to a willingness to take up arms
against the goverametit tbe day after some
assemblage of men have enacted" th farcical
pretense of taking their State out of the union
who would have been brought to no such thing
the day before.
Tt.is sophism derives much, perhaps the
whole cf its currency, from the assumption
that there is tome omnipotent and sacred sn
nremacy pertaining to a State to each State
of our federal Union. Our States have neither
more nor less power than thst recrved 'o
them in Ihe Union by the constitution, no one
of them ever having teen a State out of tbe
Union. The original ones passed into the
Uiiion even before thev cast off their Bri'ish
colonial dependence, and the new ones each
cam? into the Union directly from a
condition of dependence except Texas,
and even Texas in its temporary inde
pendence wss never designated a State.
The new ones only took the designation cf
States on coming into the Union, while that
name was first adopted, for the old ones onlv
took tbe designation of States on coming into
the Union while that name waa first adopted
for the old ons, and by the colonies were de
clared to be free and independent States, but
even then ihe object plainly was not to declare
tbeir independence of one another, or of the
Union, but directly the contrary, as tbeir
mutual pledge ard their mutual action before,
at the time, and afterward, absolutely shows
the exprsss plighting of faith hy each and
all of the original thirteen States in tbe arti
cles of confederation two tears la'er. That
the Union shall bs perpetual is most conclu
sive. Having never been States, cither Instib
sfance or in name, outside cf the Union,
whence the magical omnipotence of States
righH asserting a claim of power to lawfully
destroy the Union itef? 'Much is said about
the sovereignty of the S'ates, but the word
even is not in the national constitution, no as
is believe 1 in any of the State constitu
tions. What is a sovereignty in the political
sense of the term ? Would it he far wrong to
define it a political community wi'hcut a
pol tical superior, tested by tbis, none of our
Sta'cs, except Texas, ever was a sovereignty,
and even Texas gave np the character on coin
ing into the Union by which act she acknowl
edged the constitution of the United
States, and the laws and treaties of
the United State made in pursuance
of the congress to be for ber the suprpme law
of the land, tbe S'ates have their statu in ibe
Union, and they have no other legal status if
they break from this. They can only do eo
against law by revolution. The Union, and
not themselves separately, procured U eir inde
pendence and their liberty by conquest or pur
chase. The Uoion gave each of bem what
ever independence and liberty it had. The
Union is older ban any of the States,
an! in fact it created them as States.
Origirally, some dependent colonies made
the Union, and in turn the Union threw
off their old dependence for them and made
them States. Such as they are not one of
them ever had a State constitution independent
of the Union. Of course it is not forgotten
that all the new States framed their consti'u
tions before tbey entered upon and prepara
tory to coming into tbe Union. Unquestionably
the States have powers and rights reserved 'o
them in and by the national constitution, but
amonr tbsm snrely are not included all con
ceivable powers however mischievous
or destructive, are known in the world at the
time as governmental powers, and certainly a
power to di-stroy the government itself had
never known as government si merely adminis
trative power. This relative mattruf natt 'n
al power and State rights, as a prinuiple, is
no o'her than tbe principle of generality and
legality. Whatever concerns the whole should
be confided to 'he whole to the general gov
ernment while whatever concerns onlv the
the State should be left exclusively to
the State. Thia is all tber ia of original
principal about it. Whether the national
constitution in defining boundaries between
the two lias applied to th principle with ex
act accuracy, is not to be questioned. We are
also bound by that defialng without ques
tion. Wbat ia now computed is the po
sition tbat secesslop is consistent with
the constitution; is Iswful and peaceful
It is net cot ended that there is any express law
for it, and nott ing should ever be implied as a
law which leads to unjust or absurd conse
quences. The nation purchased with money
the countries out of which several of the States
were formed. It is just that they shall go off
wi'hout leave, without refunding? Th? nation
paid very large sums I believe upwards of a
hundred millions to relieve Florida of tbe In
dian tribes. Is it just that she should now go
off without consent or without makirg
any return? The ratioa is now In debt
for money applied for the beneht of the so
called seceded States, in common with the
rtst. Is It jus', either that creditors shall go
unpaid, or remaining States pay? Whiles
part of the present rational debt was
contracted to pay the old debts of
Texas is it just that she shall leave and
pay no part of this herself? Again if one
S'ate may secede, so may another, and when
all shall have seceded, none is ieft to pay tb
debls. Is this quite just to creditors? DM
we notify them of this sage view of
ours wh?n ws borrowel their money? If we
now recognize tbis doctrine by allowing
the stceders to go in peace, it is difficult
to see wbat we can do if othrs choose to
go or to extract terms upon which tbey will
promiss to remain. Tbe seceders insist
tbat our enns'itution admits of secessien.
They have assumed to make a national consti
tution of tbeir own which, if necessarv. thev
have either discarded or retained tbe right of
secession, as tbey insist it exists in ours.
If tbey have discarded they thereby
admit that on principle it ought not to be in
ours. If they have retained, by their own
censtruction of ours, they show tbat to be con
sistent they must secede from one another,
whenever they shall find it tbe easier
way of settling their debts, or sffecting
any other selfish or unjust object. The princi
ple itself Is one cf disintegration, and upon
which no government can possibly endure. If
all the States save one should assert the power
to drive tbat one out of the Union, if it is pre
sumed tbe whole class of secession pol
iticians would at once deny tbe power,
and denounce the act as the greatest outrage
upon State rights. But suppose that precisely
the same act, instead of being called driving
them out, should be called the seceding of th?
others from that one, it would bo exactly
what the geceders claim to do, unless,
indeed, tbat they make the point
that the one because it is a minority may
rightfully do what tbe o'her becauss It is a
majority may not rightfully. These poli
ticians are subtle and proftised on
the rights of minorities. They are not
partial to the power which the
constitution gives and which speaks from
preamble in words, "We the people." It may
well be questioned whether there is to be
a majority of the legally qualified voters of any
States, except, perhaps, South Carolina, in
favor of disunion. There ia much rea
son to belive that the Union men are in
the majority in many, if not in evrry one of
the so-called seceded States. The" contrary
has not been demonstrated in any one of them.
It is ventured to affirm this even of Vir
ginia aad Tennes.ee, for the result of an elec
tion held In military camps, where tbe
bayonets are all on the side of the question vo
ted upon, can scarcely be considered demon
strating of popular sentiment. At such an
election all that large class who are at once
for the union and against coercion would be
coerced to vote against the union. It may
be affirmed without ex'rnvaganee, that the
free institutions we enjoy have developed the
powers and improved the condition of our
whole people beyond any example in the world.
Of tbis we have had a striking and an im
pressive illustration. S- larg" an army as the
government baa now on foot, was never before
known, without a soldier in it but who had
taken his place ther; of his own free cho:ce.
But more than this, there are many single
regiments whose members, one and another,
possess full practical knowledge of all
Ibe arts, sciences and professions, and
whatever of else useful er elegant is known in
the world, and there Is scarcely one from
which there could not be selected a president,
a cabinet, a congress, and perhaps a court,
abundantly competent to administer tbe gov
ernment itself. Now do I aay tbis
! not true, also, in the army of our
late friends, now adversaries in tbis combat.
But If it is so much tb better reason why tbe
goo which has conferred such ber.- lite on both
tbem and us should not be broken up; whoever
in any section proposes to abandon sucb a gov
ernment, wboiili! do well to consider In defense
of what principle it is he does what better r.e
is likely to get in tta stead whetker tbe sub-"
atitute will give, or be entitled to give, so much
of good to the people. There are some
forcshedowings on tbis subject; 6ur ad
versaries bavo adopted some declarations
of independence in which, unlike tbe good old
on? prepared by Jtffergou, tbey omit tbe words
"all men arecrea'ed equal," while they bav"e
adopted a temporary national Coimtu
tion, in tbe preamble of which,
iike our good old one signed by Washioeton
ihey omit "we, the people," and subsCtVe
"we, the deputies of tbe, sovereign ani tude
p.;nde. t States." Why this pressing out of
view the rights cf men and tbe authority of the
people? This is essentially a people's contest
on this side of Tbe world, that the form and
substance of government, whose leading ob
ject is to elevate tbe condition of men,
to lift artificial weights from eur shoulders,
to cleave to the paths cf laud.ible pursuits
lot all, to aloud all an unfettered start and
a fair chanc in tbe raceof life, yielding
to the partial aad taaayaaan despetism
from necessity. Tbis is the ieading object of
the gevernm-r.t, for whose success we contend.
I am I appy to believe that the plain people un
derstand and appreciate this. It is worthy of
note that whiles this the goven raent's hour
of trial large numbers of those in tb army
and navy who have been favored with the
offices have resigned, proved false to the hand
waich bad pampered tern. Not our commo
soldi et or common sailoi is known to have de
serted his flag. Great hemar is due to those
officers who remained 4Sfce, despite the exam
ple of their treacherous ?sociates. But the
greatest honor and most important part of all
is the unanimity and firranesi of the common
soldiers and common sailors, lathe last man,
sy far as known, they successfully resisted the
traitors.
Efforts of thos whose commands but an hour
before they obeyed, as absolu'e law. This is
patriotic instinct of plain people. They un
derstood without an argument that th de
stroying of the good which waa made bv
WasHington means r.o good to them. Our popu
lar good has ofven been called an experiment
two points in it on pople have already set
tled the succ ssful establishing and the suc
cessful administration of it. One still re
mains its successful msintebsr.ee against a
formidable internal attempt to overthrow it.
It ia now for then to demonstrate
to the world tbat these who can
fsirlv crry an election can &tso
suppress a rebellion, that ballots are tht
rightful and peaceful successors of bullets,
and that when ballots have fairly and con
stitutionally decided, there can be no success
ful appeal bark to ballets, that there can be
no successful appeal except to ballots them
selves at succeeding elections, snch wiil be
tbe great lessons of peace teaching men tbat
what they cannot take by an electiod, nesther
can they take by war, and teaching all their
folly of being the beginners of war,
lest 'here may b? some uneasiness in tbe
mirdg of candid men as to what is to
he the course of the government toward the
Southern States, after the rebellion shall have
been suppressed the executive deems it proper
to say tbat it will be guided by the Crns'ttn
tion and the laws, and that be probably wiil
have no d fferer.t undemanding of the povers
and duties of the federal government rela'ion
te the rights at tbe States and the people under
the cons'itution, then expressed in the inau
gural address. He desires to preserve the gov
ernment that it may be administered for all as
it was In d ministered by men who made
loyal citizens everywhere have tb?
right to claim this of their government
and the government bas no tight to
wi bhcld cr neglect it. It is not perceived
that giving tbis there is any coercion, .iny con
quering or any subjugation in any just sense cf
these terms. The constitution provides, and all
the States have accepted the provisions, that tbe
United States shall gu.rantee to every S ate In
this Union a republican form of government.
But if a State may lawfully go oat of the Union,
tlavi. g done so it may also discard tbe republi
can form of got eminent. So that to pre
vent its geing ont is all indispensable
means the end of maintaining tbe guaiantee
mentioned ia lawful and cbli.-atory. The in
dispensable means to it are lso "lawful and
obligatory.
It is with tbe deepest rejret that the execu
tive found the uu'y of employing tbe war pow
er in defenie of the government, for forced
upon him, he could but perform this du'y or
surrender the existence of the government in
comparise. Not tbat compromises are not
nften proper, but tbat no popular government
can long survive a marked precedent, tbat
those who carry an election, can only
save the federal government from
immediate destruction, giving up the main
points upon which the people gave the election.
The people themselves, and not their servants,
can safely reverse their own deliberate de
cision. As a private citizen tbe executive
could not bave consented tbat these
institutions shall perih much less,
could be in the betrajalof so vast and so
sacred a trust as those free people had confid
ed to him. II? felt that he bad no moral risht
to shrink nor even to count the chances of his
life in what might follow in full view of his
great responsibility, he bas to far done what
he has deemed his duty. You wiil now,
according to your own judgments perfcrm
yours. He sincerely hopes your views and
your action may so accord with his as to
assure all faith ul ci-iz-ns who bave
ben disturbed in their rights of a
certain and speedy restoration of the laws, and
having thus chosen our course, with pure pur
pose, let ns renew our trust in God and go for
ward without fear and with manly hearts.
Signed.J ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
Hicn.nosiD iT.ns.
Fror? tte D:p!ch.
The hospital at Masons' hall, 25tb street,
Church Hill, was opened about four weeks ago,
when it recsived thirty-six sick men from Col.
Fannin's Arkansas regiment. Al! of these
except two, have reconreu and gone to join
their comrades, near Aquia creek. Numerous
other patients from other eompanies have gone,
making, probably, about one hundred who
left tte hospital. About forty are there now.
Only twodeatbshave occurred one ef these
wss Patrick O'Riley, of the Hampd-n artillery
of Richmond, who died in twenty-four hours,
from injuries received on his head by a fall
from his horse at Griffin's Spring. The other,
Mr. Mears, cf Arkansas, died soon after be
was bro ght to the hospital, from a complica
tion of diseases. P.ivate donations of foed,
delicacies and money, are welcome at tbe hos
pital. Tbe people of Church and Un'oa IMIs, by
their care and lakers for the Tenuesseeans at
the hall of company G, and the Temperance
Hall, have given themselves a lasting title to
the esteem and gratitude of those who receiv
ed their timely aid, and, indeed, of all who
love our country and its brave defenders.
Tbe contributions of means and personal at
tendance at th? Masons' hall, shows that tbe
charities of this part of tbe city are not ex
hausted, in further proof of which we can state
thst parties are ready to re-open ths tempe
rance ball as a hospital whenever necessary.
Many of the sick soldiers have b-en also
quartered at private houses among the good
people aforesaid, where they have been at
tended with the care of near relatives.
We are Informed on good authority, that as
soon as tbe intelligence reached the State con
vention yesterday morning (communicated by
a member from Fredericksburg, who visited
his family on Saturday,) of ths gallant and
Paul Jones like daring of Colonel R. J'homa",
that in secret session be wag unnniraously con
firmed as a full colonel in tbe provisional army
or Virginia. Cot, l. was pros nt in-the con
vation afterward, and appealed as modest in
demeanor as he is daring in action.
Ths confederate prison depot is located on
Ihe south side of Main street, two squares br
io x the county court-housa, and contain from
seventy-five to one hundred of old Abe's disci
ples. It is of course carefully guarded day
and night.
The financial departments of city, State and
Confederate Government were filled with cou
pon holders yesterday, receiving the payment
of July interest on tbe bonds of the respective
authorities named.
Yosterday evenin? about li o'clock a fire
broke out in th? work-shops of tho penit-
tiarv, by which most of them were consumed;
the main building was, we learn, uninjured.
As mnch useful work is now being don at
this place, the burning of the shops at this
time is quitt a serious loss. We were unable
to ascertain the cause of the fire, or tbe amount
cf property destroyed.
Harwood's tobacco factory lias been fitted
up for the accommodation of sucb prisoners of
war as fortune may thruw in eur banus. It is
larg aad well ventilated, and tbey wilt doubt
less fare better here than in tbe Yackee army.
Louisville, ano Nashville RaiLaoAa.
We understand that at a Bisatliaj of tbe di
rectors of tb? Louisville and Nasbviilc railroad
company, held yeateiday morning, it was de
termined that freights would be received and
transmitted as usual, until such transmission
was decided unlawful hy a court of competent
jurisdiction provided ebippera relinquish all
claim for dimages against the road if ship
ments are seized by federal officers or o'her
forces If this determination be faithfully
carried out, it makes the issue betwe-n aa
surveyor of customs and shippers, which, we
believe, is all the sbippeis desire. Louuril'.t
Courier.
Pkompt. Collector Boston, of Savannah,
announced on the 29:h instant tbat be bad
been provided with funds, and instructed to
pay the interest due on the confederate loan
of the 28tb cf February on the 1st of July. The
promptness with which our governmtat meets
its obligation in a time of war is a most grati
fying evidence of Us healthy financial condi
tion, as well as of the administrative ability at
its bead.
MI-ACtX-lCKPt HI.IC !J III4PATCHES
TO THt; (IK I II I It PKU&S.
'leUi UCin-innati Csouscrcial
Washington, July 3 'tome congressmen
think the seslon will last two months.
Gen. Fremont is posittve y assigned to com
mand the army of the Mississippi Valley.
The movement of troopa into Virginia con
tinue. Fifteen hundred new troops arrived from
New York to-dav,' making forty-t ree regi
ments frem New York alone, in the field.
The army appointments and contracts will
undergo rigid scrutiny in congress.
Prof. Lowe is displaced by Wi3e, a Pennsyl
vanian of no scientific acquirements. Another
of Cameron's official malfeasances.
Specist to the Cincinnati aivpiirer.
Washington, July 3. Fourth of July -vill
Inaugurate active movements on tbe line of the
Potomac. Cajlwallader and Patterson bave
moved troopa aro'ind Washington, snd will no
doubt move to night, and then for Richmond.
Several regiment passed over long bridge last
night. Troops tn high spirits.
By n?ws from the upper Potomac, tb con
federate accounts says tbat Patterson lost over
three hundred men when their masked batter
ies opened on them ; a larg? number of ambu
lances carried bene, also horses.
I is rumored on the streets to diy that Sec
retary Wells will lea-- the cabinet from a dis
gust for the secretary of war The report is,
that the latter officer refused to send troops on
board tb Freeborn to Matthias' Point when
Mr. Welle requested it.
Tbe result of the gallant attack of Captain
Ward abows a mistake.
General Seott is to take tbe field wben hos
tilities approach Washington.
It is known tbat t';e Confederates bave
greatly strengthened their lines across the Po
tomac. When both armies get fully in position, a
little matter will bring on a general engage
ment. I hear from Baltimore that Gen. Tench
Tilghinan, a pr-ininent Marylander, was ar
rested at bis heme in Talbott county to-day,
and brought to Foit Mc Henry, where he is
now roatined.
Ihe government bas received wbat it con
siders reliable information to the effect that
four companies of dimming' regiment and
two companies of cavalry left Knoxville on
the 25th of June for Cumberland Gap and
Whciing Gp, to prevent United SU'.es troops
and arm from reaching East Tennessee
Ihrough Ksntiicky.
Hagertown, July 2. Early thia nror.ting
the troops concentrated her? crossed the ford
at WiIliamport. The post of honor in cross-
i given totbe 1st Wisconsin and 11th
Pennsvlnia regiments. Thev came with;n
seventy-five-cards of Hu enemy. The rebela
at Marttnsburg, number! fnr r?gim(ntB of
infantry and one horse regimen., were eng.? ed
in th conflict They bid fources of artil
lery, part rifted cannon, and cobnanded by
Jackson.
A far as known our casualties are f,
killed snH several wounded. Several dead ari
wounded secessionist? Irfi on the field in
their hasty retreat. The loss of life on their
side is very heavy. Anticipating the retreat
vf our forert, the rebels bad cut dowr. fences,
ate , to intercept us before reaching ftie r'ver. I
Tbe firsl stand was made at Potter'i Field I
Farm, near Haynesville, where tb? hous and
ban had been des'royed to charge on the en- i
emy. Her? lha conflict was fierce, "ibe 1
rebels finally retreated, leaving knapsacks and j
blankets everywhere.
Gallipclis. Ohio, June 30 Point Pleas
ant, at th? month of the Grest Kanawha, on
tbe Virginia side, wa surprised last night by
a party of cavalry from the rbel camp at
Charleston, und?r the command of ex-congressman
A. G. Jenkins. The two delegates
from Mason county te the Wheeling conven
tion were sefe'd In their beds and conveyed to
the rebel quarters. Other prominent onion
men narrowlv escaped arre9t. These persons
arc chsrged with treason to the State govern- j
ment, and were arrested by orders fr.m Rich
mond.
Tne affair wag reported bere early this
morning Jby a union citizen of Point Pleasant,
and a detachment of men from Camp Ctrring
ton, under orders of Col. Norton, waa im
inediat. ly dispatched on board the s'eamer
Hero to tke c?ne of terror, as waa also our
G.IIipolis Artillery company that volunteered
their services and were on the ground ca short
notice.
The steamer Hero landed part of the troops
at Point Pleasant, and the reat thirteen mi'es
up the Kanawha river. Those landd a', tbe
former place, have returned, bringing with
tbem twenty-five Secessionists, citizens of tbat
place. Thise on tbe Kanawha have not yet
been heard from. It was their intention to
scour tb? country on both sides of the river to
Its mouth, and will donb less bring home an
additional supply of rebels.
Caiao, July 3, 4 a. m. One little Item from
Kentucky, and another from Missouri, com
piise the war news of yesterday. Saturday
evening, at 3 o'clock, 204 troops left Paducah
for Clarksviile. Tennessee, to be armed and
mustered into the aouthru ?.rmy. They left
on the steamer Terrv, and w." in commsnd
of Captains Wootfolk and Wallace, and are
cnmpoee.t of tbe first men of tbe city mostly
young men.
At Colsmbus there wis no m vement since
our last.
Reports from Union Ci'y say the troops
tlere are having a jolly t m?.
tiie TTTrtti a Wi
CAPTtOn OF TUT. ACTS A.tn RESO-
LVTIOXS ADOPTED AT TIIE LATE EXTRA
SKSSIOX.
JTBLIC ACTS.
An acc to authorize tbe bank of Tennessee
to receive and pay out tbe treasury nolea of tbe
Confederate States, and for other purposes.
An act to authorize tbe issuance of treasury
notes and to prescribe tbe punishment for forg
ing the same.
An act for tbe benefit of insane members of
the families of volunteers.
An act to extend the lime for the redemption
of-real estate.
An act to Increase the pay of first sergeants.
An act to suspend the office of commissioner
or roads.
An act to repeal part of section 3W3 of the
code, and for o'her purpose.
An act to abate su;ts of aliens.
An act to submit to the popular vote aa or
dinance for the adoption or r.jection of tb
permanent Constitution of tbe Confederate
States.
An act to suspend aecli.ins 272, 284, 285 and
29f of the Code of Tenca-se?.
An act to amend sections 14 and 16 of an set
passed May 8, IStii, entitled an set to raise,
organize and equip a provisional force, and
for ether purposes.
An act te regulate the manner of payi-ig the
officers ami soldiers cf t'.. provisional army of
TeLnessae.
An act relative to Irtcmee companies.
A act to regulate proceedings m magistrate
courts.
Au act for tbe relief of volunteers.
An act to amend tbe act to oiganiz. raiae
and equip a provisional force, and for otber
purr ses.
An act to amend tbe act to raise,, organize
and .quip a provisional force.
An act to defray tbe expenses of tbe general
assembly.
PRIVATE ACTS.
An act to incorporate tbe confederate paper
miil company.
An act lor the manufacture rr hre-arms,
gun-powder, etc.
An act to amrd the charter of tbe East
Tennessee and Virginia railroad company.
An act to incorporate Powell's River lead"
miningg company, and for otber purposes.
RESOLUTIONS.
A resolution concerning the location of the
peimanent seat of tbe Confederate States of
America.
Requesting not to hold courts.
On river defenses.
To authorize tbe military and financial board
to appoint an agent to settle accounts at Mem
phis. To authorize the inspeetors of tbe peniten
tiary to borrow money.
In relation to test oaths and punishment for
treasen.
Declaring against the policy of drafting
soldiers.
Authorizing the governor to rank ard grade
the officers appointed under tbe act raising a
provieicral army.
In relation to the coat of arms ever tbe
speaker's chair.
To transfer volunteer forces lo the Confede
rate Ststcs.
Votisg thanks of general assembly to Cadet
Fatten Robertson.
In relation to pr;n ing the permnnent con
stitution of the Confederals States.
In favor of allowing volunteers furlongaa to
re urn to their homes to vcte.
Instructing our deleat'B In tb? southern
Congress to urge th? establishment of an
arsenal and armory in Ibis State.
Directory to th? quartermaster-general to
arrauge with railroad companies, stage con
tractors, and owners of steamboats, for tbe
free passage of volunteers who are sent borne
en account of sickness.
Authorizing tbe governor to receive Into the
service the cavalry company cf Q. C. Saun
ders. Authorizing the governor to receive into the
service the moun'ed company of Capt. BirTee,
cf Wayne county.
Scgetitb. We learn from a gentleman
who bas just returned frr-m New York, tbat
tbe sealed cars wbicb recently passed through
Baltimore to Phihrlelj hia, and supposed to
contain the archives of tbe pov.rnmeut, turns
out to have been the dead bodies of tbe feder
alists killed at Bethel ai d Vienna.
Q?" In the Russian navy there are two bun
dre i and forty-tbree steamers and seventy-one
sailing vessels, carrying three thousand eight
hundred and fifty-one guna.
FHO.TX VIHGIM4.
Correspondence j'icT:!i Union
Cajcf Jaceson.xeab Aquia Ceee. yA ,
Jaae 28. IStl.
General Beauregard ia mov ax bis force,
which is very strong, close tip to Alexandria.
If tbe federal forces will a and, vou may ex
pect a great battle soon. All ' quiet at ibe
month of Aquia Crerk. The Pawnee is an
chored there ail ibe wbile. On last Sasbatb,
two otber ves- :j came up, and from tbe flags
displayed, gome high officer was aboard. An
attack wa expected, and all our forces were
ready, hut tbe ships returned to Washington.
" Tbe Tennessee regiment is in fine health, and
anxious for a conflict with tbe enemy.
There is a rumor that we will be removed to
Manassas Junction next week.
Last nigbt a call was made for about five
hundred cf tbe 8econd regiment of Tennessee
volunteers, and they left in an f ?ur on a se
cret expedition down tbe Rsppjhanocce No
one but tbe senior officers knew wbeie thy
were going. Such begging to join tbe expedi
tion you never heard as waa made by the boya
who had to remain on duty.
The federal vessels on the Potomac are
burning ths houses on both s'des ef tlie river
very night by shells thrown from their guna.
A night or two ago I stood on Capt. Hunt's
battery and saw several urea up and down tba
Potomac with my glass.
There was much firing at Mathias Pint,
twenty five miles below Ibis, last evening. It
is said a large battery will be ma le there at
once ; if so, it must be done under a hot fire
from tbe ships, for it will command tbe river
and every ship that attempt to pass can be
aunk.
Ltjichbubo, July 3. About dtyhr'.. tbie
morning heavy and continued f.no an s Leard
by those at Manassas Junction In tbe direction
of Fairfax cenrt bouse, and it is generally be
lieved tbat a ba't'e was fought there. No
confirmation, however, bad been received when
tbe train left for tbis place.
On Sunday night about thirty of our cavairy
engaged a large and superior force of tb? ene
my within a mile and a half of Alexandria.
Sergeant Henry Harris, of Ricfimoi o. belong
ing to onr cavalry, was killed. Six of tbe
enemy were killed. Our troepe badoitaiied
tbe enemy's coun'eriigo, by which tbey suc
ceeded in getting so far wi bin hia lin.
From tbe northwest we learn thai: the eneinv
has retired from the whole country tb'S side of
larasoiirg, and are now
coneen'ratiDg upon
tbst point.
Mtsteeious. The Mobile Tribune of Sun
day bas the following :
Two gentlm?n who had gone oa a flsbing
party saw on Friday last a ama!! sailboat cap
size. Tbey went to its relief, and foucd a ne
gro boy belonging to Mr. Newton St. John on
tb bottom of the beat. It is ascertained that
'here were at least four persons on tbe beat.
Th boy Dick refuses to give any inform baav
On the boat was found a file of it. Mverlittr
and Register, also one of the Evening .Tw,
also one Tribune, also a small colt n Uoi!-d
of tbe Illustrated AVte of N.w YetS
states nag. four or five packs of car
H refrain from giving more part.cula;
pnutui reasons.
jySonix miserable creaturea wearine the
ou-.ward form ; human beings ar getting to
apply the term oi traitor to Ivery man who
doea not indorse ft policy of an ebohtion
admlnietrat.on and hurn for the war. We
have only to say to every fellow who appiiea
the term 1 7 us, that he is runner tbau any
dog, a eraven-bearted seoundm, a hase and
siny nr, Deneatn in dtgi.itvor ?ur cefaca
CirelevUlt (O.) Watchman. '
y On Saturday last, tbe South Cartlina
schooier Fetrtl, successfully run the blockade
at Charleston, and was not interrupted bj
Lincoln's -var steamers, which were insight,
hut did not iove.
SWa Xtarforanita.
Legislative.
W re otborii-d to swoaaee the
RICH AnD B SOMKSVlLH. 0r Tint
canCldAte for ttifr Floating Btrr?t tsl
Legislature, frm the counties : y.y
fajssva.
i e-
Leariai alive.
W re inthrled 10 annoanc ! tint if JOHV
MAKTIN, cr Seelcy ctMiotv. as a .ulid t : ' -
Mutative ia tbe State Ltt.ilatsre, Irnai Baa aasatt of
Shelby jTS-te
Found
b vtLT.an a. co.
Military Gocd3.
50
BAI.KS KSNTCCJT GR AT JEANS A!0 LIK--SEI3,
fnr ral ljW la ir,.'r.
-lnt HUR rOat, ESTXI3 X CO.
For 9mi
TVEXTT FlSfC 'Al
be Mie cheap. Ct
W. JOTCa k Ci.'S L
.--.. btwn Mai aSH
Ir
J. . Ateaatao
MOaitI403
..W. f; , iT .itrii,
&, CO.,
CO.WMiBSWOJr
Alt ; DEAtEH HI
FLOUR, GRAIN AND FEED,
o. " iJotvard row,
ir MEMPHIS, Tf.VV
TJI3KT bn. M:-ar: Whi.
ar, pure srtlct,
a raceire ! aad n.r aal.
XORRUON CO.
1BMKrr 50 Ma.
V eti.
Louisvilt Ce-sert, in store ar.d for
MOilRTSOM a. CO.
TT AT. COBJf, OATS AX SaUK, in rtn!r sojpis.
11 i
i th leweat market raiea.
aiUn'i
CJ.
GKEKNBKIEK
White Sulphur Springs,
Greenbrier- County, Virginia.
THIS WATEBTIfa PLACI Isnovepen tor the recep
tion of TiaitoTf, at ih aaaaawfenj rmtes : $ 1 At per
an ai pr eek, SAO per fflanth, BH i vassal two
thirds pric. children oader lea and erer .wo Tears and
colore serrant half price.
An abundant supply ef Ic has been re ir4.
Th Vh.'t antfhar Sp'laa ar- on ih- wast are akpa
of th Aliechaaie aad tbair moajtajn l. la lion and
perfait sajaiv froaa aptwoa.li t ihe eueair tkat Isaav
.trading tunso TaBflM f -Lis Btat. r. ah tease eat
nr.ij qnial, bat perfect!? i-o::" rireat Tmr -tea
tain alined, and snder the ioSaeoc of ttsur. saauriS
Tb pri-oer approacbee ta these S ring b thea"i7e
i2 in tue Sou b-weet. ia by way r.f Ataa-zvitlo acd
Ljcnoarg asu Laariottevill. et: ; or travelara way
leave the yirsinia and Tenceeae railroad at Salem Ce-p-t,
and rea n tb Barlaga by ataae aaroa th- tr.eau
kaaaa j. nt'AtPHRTa,
j.A-lra-nw Preaanaat.
a. WHirej,!-..
-ABTH. .Eir.
. O. ' . li l il.
PLANING MILL,
AMD
LUMBER YARD.
W
K hare recently hnitt a iare additioa ta onr Plan
ini Mill and fitted up onr nunortaturlns: deturt-
irent with ail
tare of Boh,
ail th modern machinery for th waanoae
s. L-r. Blieis, M-uHline. Mant:.. rw.,
and Window Trainee, Caeinax, Com
ail Post, Turning and Scroll Work, i
itave en hind a lra eteck of La
Plewrine, White Pin and Poptai
it.tlug. Shinties, Panel.:, and
Peats. Our masafactti'lna Opartnx
jrriion of an experienced foren
juialiaa tlt aa to price, quality, si
we can compete with aay similar c
United states. Order promytiT ai!
merit in the
t CO..
Jftl-lT
Vearlhe Ra'r.o V,
NEW
I
i ii
Hi
TACTICS
aevi3KD asd lapaovaa ay
Gei. W. J. HAKFrKE, t s. 'my.
ALSO Aft? ILEatBSTABT T-IBATT ?R
OX
Advanced Guard, Outpost and De
tachment Service of Troopa,
-KB TTtU MAS.VaaOP fOOtmrn Ar HAVDir-a
tbbm in PaxsMNca op ah EuaiT
t:
n .
M sal MI t) .
THE ABOVE ARE FOR SALE BY
CLEAVES
Its- I w
& VADEN.
lYoticeu
TTJB will receive tn- Treasury n-ie, , ,v , . .
V at n- .1' ...... ' ' B. A.
Druf, Medicineti etc . sold. -
VMM KROTH tfts tt OO
118 auS .7 and 3i Mali .v-i,
e'9-2w
Liquors
BULB. OLD C,tj..C Hk.v-.Y
80.. OMBmrbon Wh iy
40 Old Mad Ira Wine,
80 OM Sinaar Brandy,
108 - hel ami
50
Sin.
60 bukeie Heidaick . saaeri-
SB Clique Ohaanpagsa,
For sal on consUBnast ay
CO.