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INDEPENDENT fffirljipaiipitfe 3 JLf ®VJ«D^p eh6rnHT<g<7frym F_l»3rfr^ Published EiWT Tb-rsdu? •▼ THE MICHIGAN CHRONICLE PUBLISHING COMPANY _ MAIN OFFICES 2SI EUol Detroit Mich TEm?m I Wl LOUIS bMANUEI MAKIIN Editoi Cnltr*d u Mcond clan »iH« May 1 IMO at tba Poai Office ai Detroit Mich Uadat tb# act o! March 1 l»7t Terms of Su. u-nptioo (payable o» advanced Yaat 54.00' Nine Moolhi 53.00; Sl> Month* SLOOi Three Months 11.00 DETROirS PARALYSIS Even’ little while some national figure comes to town and asks a very embarrassing question. These students of American affairs want to know what has been done in the city to prevent a recur rence of the riot of June 20. They are told that the police have been given training in commando tactics, that the state troopers have acquired several riot cars and everybody is learning to shoot straight. They may also learn the startling fact that one lone Negro patrolman has been added to Commissioner .Witherspoon’s force of 3,600 stick-twirlers. These visitors ask about our Mayor, the Inter racial Peace Board, the varied brotherhood and good will groups, the unions and the press. What, they ask, are all these groups doing? It goes without say ing that such questions are legitimate and no De troiter should take offense at these searching in quiries. It is perfectly obvious to outsiders that we have in Detroit all of the potentialities, all of the elements necessary for launching a broad progressive program to eliminate the basic soc o-economic fac tors which underly our racial friction, to rout out the Klan-fastist fifth column and to bring true unity to our populace. We Detroiters, however, are suffering from what the sociologists are telling us is a state of social paralysis. As a matter of fact there are plenty of wonderful plans, and last w*eek Dr. Selling of the Recorder’s Court added another to the mounting total As one recent visitor put it, everyone seems to know what to do but nobody does it. -Now the sociologists have told us that w’e are paralyzed, a fact a great many have suspected all along, but they have not told us how to overcome this illness. This week, however, we learned that Mayor Edward J. Jeffries is back in town. According to the minor prophets on the daily newspaper staffs downtown it may be assumed that the Mayor has come back home prepared to give the city of Detroit *nd progressive leadership. It may be, that this is what Detroiters have been waiting for. Given the proper leadership the citizenry might shake off this paralysis of which our learned observers speak. We recall having been told once by a musical authority that almost any group of people can be taught to s : ng well if they are led by an enthusiastic and capable song-leader. There can be little doubt that Detroiters need to be led in some new harmonies. Since the Mayor can be regarded as our duly elected song-leader we hope that he will enter upon this task w ; th plenty of enthusiasm. Speaking for this side of town, we bone that he doesn’t start off sing ing “Carrv Me Back To Old Virginny” or “Old Black Joe.” THE UNTOUCHABLES Last week the nation’s press was filled with comment on the strange story of General “Blood and Guts” Patton who exhibited his arrogance and bru tality by mauling a sick soldier in a Sicilian hospital. There was another strange story, however, which did not make the great da lies. It was released last week by the Associated Negro Press. This story concerned the punishment of a white private who dared to dance with a Negro girl. Although the penalty imposed on the private was later over-ruled by higher authorities, it seems that Private Herman P. Suiter of Louisville, Ky., was court martialed and a bulletin describing the reasons for this action was posted in the camp. We quote in part from the bulletin: “Private Herman F. Suiter did, in Morgantown, W. Va., on or about No vember 5, 1943, wh le attending a dance at the Mor gan hotel ballroom, wilfully and wrongfully to the prejudice of good order and military discipline con duct himself in a manner to bring discredit upon the military Service by dancing with a colored girl in view of those present.” Th s white private was fined two-thirds of his pay for a month, but when the news reached higher brass hats, the penalty was revoked. While he will not have to pay the fine, we feel sure that Private Suiter w 11 be made to regret his democratic im pulses before the brass hats are through with him. The incident would not be especially noteworthy perhaps if it were not symbolical of so much that goes on in the Jim Crow U. S. Army. Those wh te boys in the armed services who have no deep-seated anti-Negro prejudices are being given quite an education. It is common knowledge that many of them object just as much as we do to some of the anti-Negro practices of the military despite the attitudes expressed in the silly surveys some of the brass hats have made on the subject. Congress- EDITORIAL PAGE OP THE MICHIGAN CHRONICLE man Will Rogers Jr., has spoken about the resents ment he shared with other whites over this issue when he was in the Army. Private Alton Levy who was recently humiliated and punished for his demo cratic views is another case in point. For over two years now, the Nergo and white liberal leadership has sought to have the Army form a volunteer brigade of American soldiers which would simply be an American brigade without the prefix white or black. While the brass hats have refused to act on this proposal it seems that such a brigade would go far to counteract the admittedly prejudicial composition of our fighting forces. It would be a progressive step which would not only lift the morale of the million Negroes in the armed services but it would also demonstrate to the world at large that we Americans can practice what we preach. As long as the Negro is regarded as the Ameri can untouchable, there is going to be resentment among Negroes and this resentment is going to breed hate, no matter what we say about it. The brass hats say that the Army is no sociological laboratory and they cannot be bothered with any experiments. By forcing many liberal whites to conform to the prejudicial practices of the armed services, how ever, the brass hats are making the Army a uni versity for the teaching of racial hatred. We believe this is by far the greater danger to the war effort and to our democracy. *Y WILUAM L. SHERRILL THIS OLD WORLD today Is ~.ck of "masters of men;”—sick of the Napoleons;—eick of Ceasars; —sick of Atilas;— sick of ll'jnt.ibals; and sick of Hitlers . . . For hundreds of years the Na poleons, etc. . . . have captured the imagination of the world . . . The greatest pens have praised them to high heavei. or exposed them to infamy . . . Everything about them has been recorded for the study of posterity . . . The greatest poets have sung their praises or stripped the glory from their bon-'* . . . The greatest actors have copied their uniform# and stalked their trumpery glory across the stage . . . * * * THE INFLUENCE OF THESE BUTCHERS of men has been tre mendous . . . Because of the glory historian* have draped about their shoulder*, hundreds of square jawed men look at themselves every morning in the (lass, after shaving their puny beerds with safety razors ... set their jaws, pull down a lock of hair over their brows and say to themselves, *T too will be a Napoleon . . . And so we have Napoleons of business . . . Napoleons of the rackets . . . Napoleons of politics . . . Napo leons of the church . . . Napoleons of everything . , . Yet in spite of their conquests they will for all time remain only giant figures whose heels have left their mark upon the necks of men. ★ * * As H. G. Wells says of Napoleon one might say oi all w'ho have sought world conquest . . . “He could do no more than strut upon the rest of this great mountain of opportunity like a cockerel v, on a dunghill . . . The figure he makes in history Is of almost incredible self-conceit, of vanity, greed, and cunning, of callous contempt and disregard of all who trusted him, and a grandiose aping of Caesars, Alexander and Charlemagne which would be purely comic if it were not caked over with blood.” $ * * THESE CONQUERERS DO NOT KNOW anything ... Do they ever envisage a world full of women and little children and old men struggling towards the light? . . . Or do they dream only of domina tion that would crush all aspira tions other than their own, and * * BOOK NOTES *r CERTRUDE SCOTT MARTIN Edwin Embree, president of the Julius Rojrenwald Fund, and author of BROWN AMERICANS (The Viking Press; New York City; 1943; $2.75) writes from a wide knowledge of the history and present status of the Negro in the United States There Is no question of Mr Em bree’s sympathetic approach* to his subject but he attacks the popular Actions about the Negro with fact*, not with passion. American Negroes today are ‘'one of the exciting strands of the New World rainbow. A special product of the great American melting pot, they are a fresh mixture of the three principal branches of man: black, white, yellow-brown.** Mr Embree states that some student* of race place the amount of mixed blood among Negroes as high as 80 per cent. The Census is not an accurate guide to this mixture be cause it permits only two classifica tions: black and mulatto. Mr. Embree traces the American Negro from 1819 when the first Af ricans were brought to this coun try up to the present. He cites the progress which has been made by Negroes since Emancipation ana notes the handicaps which have stood In their way. Of the presen* state of Negro-whi*^ 1 relat'.on*hiP' Mr Embree writer "The Second World War is creating greater op- make of the empire of human souls only a dominion to be re-enslaved? When Simpson discovered chloro form he did not conquer the world ... he conquered the entrance to another world . . . And when Lis ter made a plague spot of germs into a healing-space he crossed only the Alps of the human mind . . . and only to conquer death . . . And when George W. Carver wrested hundreds of products from the lowly potato and peanut he did not take a city he only crossed the desert of human needs . . . These did not write their names in the blood of suffering women and children . . . They did not seek to capture from the sun tomorrow’s glory ... or steal from the next night's moon one silvery gleam , . . They only for others conquered and, at their own cost, tolled . . . And so not in terms of death, are they spoken of . . . The virtue that men do live after them. And this same little silly, wonder ing, blundering world will go on working upward and dreaming in spite of super-men . . . Even after a steamroller has crushed it a new blade of grass comes up . . . And in a world whose God is might and power, we still belie. e, we must be lieve that faith, if It cannot remove mountains, can cross them , . . the mountains of misery, pain, and ra cial hates . . . A poor, dying Christ, with his eyes looking down on his persecu tors, did not complain . . . His only words were, “Father forgive them; they know not what they do” . . . Only sacrifice can make of the world a heaven . . . Only conquest can make of the world a hell. Interracial Meeting Held On West Coast SANTA MONICA, Calif—ln an effort to unit white, Negro and other racial groups of the bay sub urban areas, an interracial cultural program was presented last Sunday here at Calvary Baptist church, the Rev. W. P. Carter, pastor. The pro gram directed by Edna Heard, was co-sponsored by church officials and the American Anti-Prejudice So ciety, Inc. Dr. Edwin O. Palmer represented Mayor Leonard J. Mur ray and the principal speaker vaa Mrs. Ethel Gillett Whitehorn. portunities for Negroes, and these in turn are bringing new tensions As Negroes are entering some areas formerly closed to them, this threat to the traditional pattern of white d *minance is frightening many peo ple to violent resistance." One of the most interesting chap ters In the book is "A Kentucky Crusader,” the story of the author’s grandfather. John D. Fee, the found er of Berea Academy. Mr. Fee was one of those rare creatures, a prac ticing Christian who lived the bro therhood of man. The son of a Ken tucky planter family, he became convinced while studying at the Lane Theological Seminary at Cin cinnati that slavery was Inhuman. He was forced to leave his family home never to return and in the years to come was the victim of mobs 22 times. He established Berea Academy In the 1850’s and threw its doors open to both races and thus it remained until 1904 when Kentucky passed a law segregating the races in all schools. BROWN AMERICANS was writ ten to supplar.t the author’s earlier work, BROWN AMERICA. It is not a revision but is a new and up-to da’e treatment of »he Negro’s role 'n American life. It is a short, un pretentious book but It will fill a unique place in the literature of the Negro. THE FACTS N OUR NEWS By HORACE A. WHITI Preaching and Railing Against Bad Conduct la Useless . . . Every week some well-meaning soul writes me a letter asking me to lash out against loud talk, obscene language and boisterous conduct on the part of "our people. 1 * One has to agree ||hat some of onr people are quite loud In conversation and they do an "nnneceasary amount” of cursing about every little thing. Some of the cursing Is so very foul and revolting to oars of self-respect ing people. Tie explanation of why “our people’* do these “revolt ing" things Is necessary If Individ uals and social organisations are to deal with this negative conduct ef fectively. It must be dealt with not to say Negroes, but to say de mocracy. Bad conduct and obscene language can be tools In the hands of the fascist elements In our com munity to divide the workers. A “dozen playing" Negro can be made to scare ten thousand Ignorant white workers. These Ignorant whites, because they are Insecure in their Jobs and houses, will ac cept one "dosen playing” Negro as an excuse for keeping all Negroes out of deserved jobs. Nobody Is so naive as to believe that If all Negroes become “good little chocolate soldiers" that our problems are solved. No! No! Far from It. The problems of boisterous talk and actions are just little manl- Vstatlono to our bigger problems bit have to bo met. Emotional insecurity, inferiority, dividual and group frustration e the key words to what we corn- only call boisterous and “un i vilized” behavior. Overlook these vords and their meanings in the up 'truggle of “our people” and we miss an topportunity to give help to the Negro people. The Negro la emotionally Inse cure because he has been rejected by the majority of his neighbors The Negro in this regard may be likened unto a child In a family who seeks to come before his parents on an equal basis with his brothers and sisters but Is pushed back In every attempt to do so. The child who Is pushed back has no status. He knows that the moment he shows his face he Is going to get kicked against. The child still wants to be ac cepted in the family circle. He wants to be accepted by his parents, brothers and sisters. He needs and wants their acceptance so badly that he cannot be normal. The child will follow one or two GENERAL LINES of behavior. He will poit himself off In a corner and nurse his hurt and learn to hate the rest of the family and anybody who "looks like" them. Or the child may do all sort* of overt negative things to gain attention. He may wet the bed, curse, drink and fight members of the family to get AT TENTION. He has to have the at tention of his family even though he brings punishment down on his head to get it. Negroes who hare been given Jobs that have been denied them by the community under other circum stances feel insecure and unwanted. To feel unwanted it • terrifying ex perienc whether It Is on the part of an individual or s group. The un wanted individual or group builds up tremendous amounts of hostility and hatred against those that have rejected them. This hostility and hatred ultimately has to be ex pressed. When a Negro gets on a street car and curses out a conduc tor, he Is not cursing and showing hostility to the conductor so much as he is showing hostility to his kind for years of rejection. When Negroes talk load among them selves on street cars they are not Just dirty and disrespectful—they are like the little boy whistling in the dark. They are trying to find some security for themselves in loud talk. Of course the security they want is not in the loud talk any more than courage is in the little boy’s whistling. School teachers who work in Ne gro districts complain that Negro children are loud, boisterous and hostile. That is possibly true. Their parents plus their environment makes them that way. Their parents have built up so much unexpressed hostility for the way that they have been treated by their white neigh bors that they turn a great deal of this hostility at their own children. The Negro child is tossed so much between love end hate by his parents that the child is completely frustrated. He cannot take it out on the parent directly, but he can take it out on the teacher, school and other student*. Hostility as to be expressed. O course, the above is only a small pook into a complicated sub ject but it is enough to suggest a program to meet the problem. Negro leaders must accept Ne groes, and stop always asking the masses of people to prove them selves worthy. Negroes are born worthy of all American opportuni ties. Negro organizations must set up an organizational structure which strengthens the "egotism” of the masses. We mean by this a construc tive attitude toward self. Organiza tions among Negroes must take into account the need of the Negro as with all people to have status. The organizations among 'he masses do not give status. They only give opportunity for emotional explosion. Status means recogni tion with opportunity for self ful fillment in maintaining one's place. Our organizations must set up some very high idealism—ldealism that expresses Itself in every day con duct-idealism that gives a man some firmness in each step he takes Cursing, loud talk and fighting are only signs of the lack of self-realiza tion on the part of individuals and group* ‘ALL THIS AND INFLATION TOOr [ ....." il'. (>«**-'. J HIGHLAND PARE Dear Readers: The non-appear ance of this column. Is not the fault of your columnist. We al ways keep the rules of the press. ♦ * * Edfar Guest Noted Poet In Recital at Berea Church Mr. Guest, well known poet, be gan his recital Friday evening, with humor and wit, and for the first part of the evening kept his audi ence laughing with his jovial con versation about ministers and the minister his mother wanted him to be. Pleased with his audience, Mr. Guest quickly changed his mood to one of dramatic serious ness, reciting poem after poem quietly but fervently and with rare poetic and dramatic ability, voicing the aspirations, dreams, heartaches, sorrows, and joys of the human heart. He closed his recital with "America, God’s Second Gift to Man.” The Great Lakes Choir The Great Lakes choir rendered the musical setting for Mr. Guest. Mrs. Elizabeth Gary is director and accompanist of the choir. Dr. William H. Williams, dis trict superintendent, aLso pleased the artist by relating an instance in his life when a poem of the poet's caused a turning point in his life. Dr. Williams recited the poem. The evening of music and poetry was sponsored by the W.S.C S. and Mrs. Kathleen Bright, president of the society presented the poet with a beauty basket of flowers, express ing friendship. Mr. Guest will re turn to Berea in a recital Nov. 25. 1944. Visitor Honored Miss Ophelia Robinson, of Chi cage was honored with a pre nuptial party Sunday, Nov. 21. giv en by her sister, Miss Mildred Rob inson, at the handsome home of the W. C. Lovings, Sr., on Laßelle street. Petite Miss Robinaon who does vital w’ar work in Chicago, visited her sister, Mildred, enroute to Chattanooga. Tenn., where she became the bride of Cpl. Donald Ellington, Thanksgiving day. Cpl. Ellington is stationed at present in Fort Bennlng Ga. Another interesting visitor of the week is Tech. Sgt. Paul Mack, aon of Mr. and Mrs. Harry Mack of Ford'avenue, W. The very young sergeant is a graduate of Fort Leonard Wood Mechanical Training school. He was inducted four months ago and was the youngest in his class graduating with the highest mark. Mrs. Florence Mack Purdie, sister of Sergeant Mack, will fly from Cleveland, Ohio, Sun day to visit with him and the fam ily. Mrs Purdie is a student at the Cleveland School of Nursing. The Union Thanksgiving Com munity service was held at St. Luke AME church Thanksgiving day. A large audience heard the Thanksgiving message delivered by the Rev. Dr. Samuel S. Reed, min ister of Thomson Avenue Baptist church. Attending Methodist Youth Fellowship Recreation Training Conference From Berea Youth Fellowship this week-end is lovely Doris Mil ler, C. Edward Ward and Marlon Coleman. The conference is held in Flint and sponsored by the youth of the Detroit Conference and Youth of the Lexington Conference Topic d scussions were very in teresting last Sunday evening when the discussion leaders, Barbara Gordon., Doris Miller and Marion Colemani came forth with this topic: Totalitarianism. Barbara Gordon chose the sub-topic: “To ward a Christian Economic Order." B—" What is Totalitarianism?” She had a good argument and held the young people's interest. Doris Miller chose: 'Our purpose of the study of Totalitarianism;” and ‘ The Portrait of Nazi Germany.” "How did the Nazi Movement Start?” ‘‘How could it be that such a phil osophy was accepted in the minds of men who were much like other people elsewhere?” Doris w f as well prepared and her period was very interesting. Marion Coleman pre sented the •'Eight Aspects of Ger man Totalitarianism,” which brought out the keen Interest of the Juniors, like Lorraine Gordon, Josephine Bryant and Loretta Jack son. C. Edward Ward b Organ Recital The Choral choTr of Berea pre sented C. Edward Ward, organist, in a recital of restful music at a Vesper service last Sunday evening. Young Ward, master of the organ, played “The Lost Chord,” “Going Home,” from "New World Sym phony;” “Temper My Spirit,” go” from “Xerxes;” "Ave Maria” by Schubert, and "Ave Maria.” by Bach-Gouhod. Appearing on the program was William Ferguson, an accomplished musician and gradu ate of Morehouse college, Atlanta, Ga. Miss Grace Mimms, violinist, offered two selections. Harold Overstreet, son of Mrs. Lillian Overstreet of Laßelle W, was inducted into the army, Nov. 24. called his mother from Fort Sheridan, 111., to say that army life is fine so far, and he will enter officers training school very soon MARRIAGE LICENSES During the Period of Nov, 16 to Nov. 22 Freddie Hutchins. 23; Eunice Mitchell, 21. Carter Thomas Cummings. 30; Macelean Ewing, 22. Samuel Tunetull, 20; Iva Lee Jamee, 18. Bishop George. 20; Janie Juanita Minor, 23. Ben Chilous. 44; Emmie Clark, 36 Earl Roberts, 22; Rose Marie Bngy. 16. Hezekiah Scales, 24; Jewell Wil son. 23. Theodore Reginald Anderson Jr.. 21; Mamie Gloria Hicks, 19. L. Griffith, 40; Mazle B. Adams. 34 Ulysses Andrew Grant, 18; Annie Mae Bolin, 17. Yerby C. Green, 27; Rosie Lee Singleton, 26. Sammio Spearman, 27; Mellones Aska. 28. Ira T. Finney, 27; Maude Joyce, 27. Joe Toney. 38; Hattie Templeton. 38. Isham Sullivan, 40; Lillie Mae Davis, 40. Arthur Jefferson. 19; Betty Jane Warren, 17. Percy George Rice, 21; Stella Hanks, 18. Willie Waters. 19; Earline Carter. IT. William J. Wesley. 39; Carrie Mae Sain, 37. 4 Edward Hanshaw 21; Mildred Venessa Gordon, 19. Coleman Saddler, 36; Ora Brown. 36 Frank Jackson, 36; Jessie Mae Marie, 3S. Willard B. Living. 30; Yvonnie Romo, 24. Harvey Black. 23; Mosczetta Masch. 23. James Anderson, 21; Gertrude E S willey, 23. , SATURDAY, DECEMBER 4, 1948 ‘Scoop’ Jones Enters Officers Training School SOMEWHERE IN AUSTRALIA (ANP)—••Scoop” Jones, the dash ing Associated Negro Press corres pondent in the Southwest Pacific, but better known to the officer* of his company as Master Sgt J. M. Jones Jr., formerly of New Orleans, is going to sprout a pair of shoulder bars. That is providing he comet through, but "Scoop" haa always come through and is expected to do so this time. All this is his way of saying that Sgt Jones la now in officer candidate school over here. The school wdll be over bext Feb ruary. M-Sgt- "Scoop" Jones, one of the popular men in f'e area, was a newsman in New Orleans working on the Louisiana Weekly before he went to war. His mother and sis ter reside in the Crescent City now. Georgia Draft Board Exhausts Negro Quota LOUISVILLE. Ga.—(ANP)—Sixty Negro men and boys were inducted by the local board here Wednesday, 15 short of the November quota. The local board frankly stated the available supply of Negro men, single, married and fathers has been exhausted. Compared to the call for 75 Negro men from this, Jeffer son county, the November quota for whites is only 15. J. Mitchell, 22; Peggy Lois Williams. 19. James Brown. 20; Dolores Howell. 18 William Malden, 21; Geneva Boat wright, 18. James Bynum 22; Mary Gaines, 22. Grady Bowens, 33; Julia Roberts. 37. William Brav, 21; Elayne Robard.% 18. Daniel W. Hamilton, 39; Esste Saunders, 38. Fred Knnx, 48; Arizona Love. 97. Jacob Wiley, 31; Ruth C. Taylor, 21. Arthur Jones. 38; Mary Lee Peny, 54 Rome McMullen, 36; Lucy Patter son. 29 Henry Hillard, 37; Maggls Gam ble. 33. liOtiis Witters. 38; Inez Larkins. 99. John Ross, 39; Josephine Williams, 31. Allen Bibb, 38: Hazel Avree. 28. Willie Roy Martin, 27; Lillian Hortence Wright, 23. Jasper Dunlap, 18; Genevs Lois Morris, 18. Elmer Turner, 18; Amelia Mc- Kinney, 18. Cecil Carl Hoscndove, 33; Bertha B. Wells, 34. Rufus Epps, 37j JJealrlce Cow'aer. 29. Willie R. Bradford, 23; Aretha Bolden,; 73. Eswcll King. 26; Marlahsnea Moore. 23. Marion H. Peterson. 47; Julia Dudley, 46. Henry Patterson, 40; Thesless Nunlee, 24. George Williams, 43; Bertha Wil liams. 34. Howard L. Pttty, 21; Eunice Ella Goode 20 Alex Hatcher. 46. Sophronla Adamsk, 38 Samuel Hoge, 41; Rebecca Petty, 37.