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INDEPENDENT Published Every Thursday By THE MICHIGAN CHRONICLE PUBLISHING COMPANY MAIN OFFICE: 261 Eliot. Detroit 1. Mich. TEmple 1-4677-9 LOUIS EMANUEL MARTIN. Editor Catered aa second class matter May 1. 1940 at the Post Office at Detroit. Mich., under the act of March 2. 1979. Terms of Subscription (payable in advance): One Year. 64.00; Nine Months. 63.50: Six Months. 92.50 WAVES OPEN DOORS President Roosevelt’s order opening the WAVES and SPARS to Negro women is another forward step toward full utilization and integra tion of Negroes into the armed forces., I* rom the beginning Negro women in the WAC have demon strated their loyalty and capacity for service to their company. It is only fitting that the same op portunity should be offered to Negro women to serve in the Navy and the Coast Guard. The action is the most recent in a succession of moves by President Roosevelt aimed at breaking down the bars of prejudice which stand in the way of the Negro’s full participation in American life. No other president in our history has been so un tiring in his efforts in behalf of the underprivileged among whom the Negro occupies too prominent a place. The Negro’s forward march toward the goals of full equality in employment, in politics, in the armed services, and in every diverse walk of life, has been steady and unswerving during the years of the Roosevelt administration. Our goals have been high, and rightly so, and our leaders have been tireless in their efforts to attain them. These efforts have borne fruit in this instance as in the past because of the presence in the White House of a man w T ho has been outspokenly sympathetic to ward the Negro’s cause. In the armed services alone the Negro has forged far ahead of his posi tion in the First World War barely a quarter of a century ago. Today Negroes are a part of the air forces; they serve as captains of vessels, some manned by all-white crews; there is a Negro general in the Army; Negro women have been admitted into the Army Nurse Corps; Negroes have been admit ted to various branches of the Navy; they have been integrated into the officer candidate schools and have been admitted into the Marine Corps. These are all new departures in our armed forces as was the Army order forbidding discrimination against Negroes at post exchanges, theatres and in government transportation. Negroes cannot ignore these gains under the leadership of President Roosevelt Against them in this campaign are the empty promises of Gov ernor Dewey who this year in New York demon strated what Negroes may expect from him when he threw 7 overboard the three bills recommended by the Interracial Commission appointed by him. Seven members of this Commission, Negro and white, re signed in protest against Dewey’s action, among them former Republican Channing Tobias who has since declared his support of President Roosevelt. The record is clear; let us act upon it. OUR DETROIT PRESS Detroiters have an opportunity in this elec tion to observe their three daily newspapers vying against each other in an attempt to discredit Presi dent Roosevelt and his supporters. Leading the field is the Times whose blatant abuse is couched in less discreet terms than the attacks of the other two papers. Next in order of stridency comes the News which is pursuing a slightly different strategy but whose efforts are no less vicious. An example is the article on Sidney Hillman by Benjamin Stol berg which appeared prominently in Sunday’s News. In this article Mr. Stolberg traces a fantastic tie-up between Mr. Hillman and Earl Browder of the Communist Party, thence a tie-up with Russia. The inference is clear to Mr. Stolberg that the Democratic campaign is being directed from Russia. The account of Mr. Hillman’s life is as biased and twisted as is the absurd claim of Communist dom ination with which the article begins. Mr. Hillman is not a Communist; there is no Hillman-Browder axis and the Russians are not reaching right into our backyard to direct American affairs. No one, in fact, probably not even the author believes these wild accusations but if they succeed in discrediting Sidney Hillman and the Political Action Commit tee the author’s purpose has been achieved. The Detroit Free Press follows still another policy in its anti-Roosevelt campaign. Starting off with a studied impartiality it has now come into the home stretch with editorial guns blazing away at Roosevelt It has joined in the whispering cam paign aimed at the President’s health, but its whis per has become a shout. It has consistently praised Secretary of State Cordell Hull and his policy as though they could be separated from the adminis tration of w hich he is a part. The Free Press has hailed Mr. Dewey’s statements on foreign policy is the answer to a nation’s needs. One of the paper’s own columnists, Walter Lippman, in a re- EDITORIAL PAGE OP TUB MICHIGAN CHRONICLE cent column backing President Roosevelt for re election ably answers these arguments on foreign policy. In conclusion he states: “The choice now is not between President Roosevelt and the faultless President ... I cannot feel that Gov. Dewey can be trusted now with responsibility in foreign affairs.” In the past Mr. Roosevelt has won the election with the support of only a small minority of the nation’s press. This 1944 campaign is no excep tion. Readers of all races must refuse to be misled by the selfish interests of those publishers who wish to return to the pre-New Deal era of governmental laxness toward Big Business of which they are a part. MEN WITHOUT CONVICTION One fact becomes ever clearer to those observ ing Detroit and its treatment of minority problems, as issues arise in various areas of life requiring decisions. It is the paucity of true liberal convic tions and leadership even among the ranks of Ne groes. The influential leaders of Negro opinion may be counted on one hand while influential liberal Negro leaders are even fewer. With every reason to have liberal view’s some of us still are anamalous ly conservative, though w T e have nothing to conserve. We have on countless occasions in these columns tried to focus attention on the faults and shortcom ings of the city fathers, but we have not been blind to the condition of Negro thought and action. Our policies are often not unified and one group may advocate non-segregation in housing, while another fosters segregation in health. Our motives are shot through with petty, selfish interests .and there are those who overlook the good of the many for gain by a few. We do not have a handful of men and women w r ho without regard to self, or financial gain, w’ill consistently fight for the good of all the people. No coordinated, liberal policy has been set forth for health, education, or housing. We must put our house in order without delay. The time for decision is near. The Facts In Our News An Ex-Chaplain And Race Dls crimlnatton In The Army Ex- Chaplain Grant Reynolds, who is now working for the National As sociation for the Advancement of Colored People, did a very telling series of articles in the last two issues of the Crisis magazine against race discrimination in our armed forces. These articles set up elearly and eloquently the discrim ination and Indignities In many Instances suffered by Negro mem bers of our armed forces. These facts—and they are facts if Grant Reynolds says that they are. He has the mentality, the background and the courage to lend meaning to such an article. Such an article helps anv government to clean Its house. For his writings on this matter, we should all be grateful. These articles In the Crisis will bear much fruit. His last move, however, In re lationship to race discrimination In the armed forces as he saw It. needs careful scrutiny by the Negro vot ers. He announces a very high sounding title known as the Non- Partisan Council for the Ellmlna tlon of Discrimination In Military and Veterans’ Affairs. This cer tainly Is a well sounding title for an organization to fight anything, not only race discrimination In the armed forces. This title Is an ac ceptable title. At the same time Mr. Reynolds announces his organ ization he issues a call to the Amer ican people, and especially Negro Americans, to cast their votes against Mr. Roosevelt for permit ting discrimination In the armed forces. In such a call to the Negro voters Mr. Reynolds Is no doubt sincere and honest. It la hard for one to believe that Mr. Reynolds believes that the President of the United States and commanding chief of the armed forces can eradi cate race discrimination In our armed forces by Issuing an order. We In America know that by the experiences we have had with dis- ( crimination In employment. The i order to cease discrimination Is not a guarantee agslnst discrimina tion whether to the army or to employers In factories and govern mental agencies. Any President of the United States Is going to be. to a great extent, a victim of the general tone of the citizenry. Mr. Dewey has already announced that he will leave the running of the army to army men. There Is no reason to expect Mr. Dewey can change more rapidly the practices of the army than Mr. Roosevelt has been able to do. There have been many changes under the Roosevelt administration that affect the well-being and the opportuni ties extended io Negroes in our armed forces. It Is logical for a people aa de pressed as we are to put a great deal of hope and faith In words. We put a great deal of hope and faith In the words of officials, and we equally restrict our own vision and ability U plan the next moves for our advancement by the effi cacy we give to our own words. Sometimes we become the victims of the mere statement of a diffi culty. What man among us be lieves. actually that Mr. Dewey will dare do for the down-trodden people what Mr. Roosevelt has done with the protracted opposi tion of the key men who now sup port Mr. Dewey. The Armed Forces of America will respond to the persistent demands of the people. Nerroet have been able to make advancement under the Roosevelt administration by work and plan ning with the liberal forces of America. We have seen the bar riers fall one after another, be cause Negroes joined with the peo ple of America for an equal op portunity. We know that labor has many grievances aga.nst our pre. ont ad ministration. We know that lib erals of all persuasion* can And i&Swea on which they violaatlv dis agree with our President in the handling of such issues. Labor and liberals are wise enough to know that the President’s program is going generally in their direc tion for better life for the masses Labor knows that if Mr. Dewey's crowd gets into the White House, what gains they have already ob tained will stand a poor chance of advancement. Everything that labor has fought for has been op posed by the men who now give their millions to see to it that Mr. Dewey becomes head of our gov ernment A man of Mr. Grant Reynolds’ Insight certainly must know and understand the implications of hav ing a man in the White House who is supported by people who are at least fighting for the Negro’s com plete Integration in all phases of our American life as far as poli tical machinery can contribute to that Integration. The prejudices of white people toward Negroes cannot be changed by a President. A President, however, who is will ing to have his administration to grapple with the problems of em ployment, housing, health, educa tion and civil liberties of the people is certainly doing more to break down discrimination than all of the resolutions that could be passed. The basis of the discrimination In the army is the same as the basis of discrimination in a factory or a governmental agency. The one thing that should be crystal clear about Mr. Roosevelt Is that he haa always walked unhaltlngly In the direction In which all common men In America must set their faces if they are to remain free. We all abhor and have pledged ourselves to fight against dlscrlm- THE CHRONICLER By CONFUCIUS That WAVES and SPARS open ing to our girls was no surprise to us folks in the population who have been keeping up with FDR all these years He's been doing such like for all his term in office . . . one thing after another pushed open (even against opposition) to the darker brothers. FREEDOM RALLY THIS FRIDAY NITE! We’re getting so darn sick of that inaccurate stuff the Free Press throws out in those editorials. Like that one last Sunday about labor agencies in the government. BUT guess we can’t expect rabid GOPera to see that the National Labor Relations board is only one of a number of impartial, non-political agencies which clearly state the rights of labor and management. By all that’s true, do they HAVE to fight this election with lies? HENRY WALLACE’LL BE AT THE RALLY! Another boy on our side is that long-time student of foreign and domestic affairs, Walter Lippman. Seems like nobody atall is for that LAD Dewey. As Othello says tis passing strange . . . Ar>d Lena Horne came out for FDR the other day, too. THE REV. A. C. POWELL WILL. TOO! What's this about all us folks moving North to solve the South ern problem? That Jive's got to go . . . we can't run away from every white sup'emacist that shouts boo at us. In moderation, .t'l 1 do But let s have a little more thought on the Southern sit uation right there and knock It out. BFTTE DAVIS'LL SEE YOU AT THE RALLY! There's a nrw book out “Wing* of Fear” by one Hodding Carter about the good o> Southland. wuico bids fair to become a Beat 1 > Enquiring Reporter Question: What do yon think of the proposed Heme Bale Amend ment for Wayne Ceuty? Gerald Boyd. 902 Lawyers Builder Hr Gerald Boyd “The CIO and Either progres sive organiza tions have tak en a stand against Home Rule. I will follow the posi tion of these organize t i o n • knowing that tfieir policiea have alw a y s been for the best interests of the people and particularly the Negro people” George A. Isabell, real citato broker 706 Tobin Building “I am against the proposed home rule amendment as it is beesuse It is too much like the city charter which was devised to keep Negroes from being elected to the city govern ment. It is bad government.” <• G Isabell Rev. John Miles, Peoples Church 6345 Roosevelt street s WUr Rev. Miles “I think that it is an attempt on the part of the newspaper controlled min ority of De troit to steal the County of Wayne from the people as they did the city of Detroit.” A 1 Jones. Mgr Victory Loan Co. BtL.. * JMli A 1 Jones "As a student of government, I think the pro posal is a sound one. As a mem ber of a minor ity group, I think that the proposal is such that we would suffer.” Harold Bledsoe. Attorney. 303 Tobin Building ”1 thirYk it is a vicious at tempt on the part of a de si gni n g and well organized clique to ob tain and main tain for them selves the con tro 1 s of the county govern ment, against the best in terests of all of the people. It is a vicious piece of legisla tion under the rule.’" PB H. Bledaoe guise of *home ij DEWEY AND WASHINGTON ; If Dewey had been Washington (A thought which staggers me) I’m betting high he would deny He’d touch that cherry tree. —PM {nation In onr armed forces until every vestige of it Is wiped away. This we do now and In the future. We all know, however, that Mr. Roosevelt has led us and Is leadinf us In a direction that will make us strong enough and free enough from want, disease and Ignorance to fight and to win over race dis crimination wherever It Is. Mr. Dewey cannot offer ns such a pro gram, because the men who are around him must needs keep. us Ignorant, keep us living In rat traps, and disease-ridden. If they are to take their millions from us without much protest on our part. seller. If you can, get it and read it. This lad pulls no punches about his own Dixie and the way slightly pigmented folks are treat ed there. BE THERE WITH “OTHELLO" ROBESON Those die-hards are still hepped on opposition to the Health Center, aren’t they? Deliver u* from little men with small interests who al ways badger progress to let them pass on their little tricycles, They know damn well they’ve got the money to get adequate medical at tention (yet fight for their busi nesses in the area), but how about all the little guys who need a health center and more and more facilities for all of us regardless of race, creed, etc. MAR9’ OWN ORSON WELLES. TOO! Hear tell that Walter Harden. CIO laborite, has left the UAW offices. Folks give many reasons, none of which are very clear, for his departure. HEAR DOROTHY PARKER SLAY DEWEY! Luckiest break FDR fans here have had i« that split ballot in this year’s election. Be sure to mark both of them! Wonder how the GOPers who rely so on state officials’ strength Nov. 7 let the ballot be split? Now the state GOP ticket can’t carry Dewey in. assuming the GOP ticket here can carry itself it ASTUTE “MAMA" BETHUNE WILL BE THERE, TOO! Prexy Roosevelt s speech on for eign policy was really O K He’s way ahead of most leaders on that force for the world organization, and brother, that’s what we need! As Sinatra says. “That man is cute!” OUR OWN R. i. THOMAS WILL BE THERE! I/earned Bob Weaver of the M~*ee CHRONICLER, Ptf* * BOOK NOTES By GERTRUDE SCOTT MARTIN This year has proved a banner one in the literary output of social significance for Negroes. If every year produced a •‘Strange Fruit," a ‘Freedom Road" and a ‘‘Deep River," understanding between the races would be a far less formi dable goal. Added to this 1944 list of out* standing books dealing with the race problem is Margaret Halsey's "Some Of My Best Friends Are Soldiers” which though in a much lighter vein makes a point of hit* ting racial intolerance. Miss Hal* sey calls her book a "kind of a novel.” It is made up of letters from a New York girl. Gretchen, to her brother. Jeff. In the Army, In which she writes chiefly of her experiences at the Canteen where all soldiers are admitted regard* less of color or creed. NORTHERNERS TOO SMUG ABOUT PREJUDICE Miss Halsey who is also the au* thor of “With Malice Toward Some," writes in gay style but the impact of her statements of race is no less strong because of this. For instance: *T’ve come to believe, from working at the Canteen, that we in the North are a good deal too smug about our freedom (such as it is) from race prejudice. The North permits Negroes to vote, and to sit anywhere they want in a streetcar. But how much of one’s time does one generally spend vot* ing? And while a streetcar is per* fectly acceptable public utility, it’s no place to bring up the children." ii Letters To The Editor Gentlemen: Last week was the first occasion I had to have inserted an articla in your particular paper. How ever, may I commend you on the very fine way in which this arti cle was handled and extend to you assurance of my continued pa tronage as well as my sincere wish for your continued and ex tended success.—Frankia Walker, 1966 Halleck. Dear Editor: I have been a constant reader of the Courier for a long time and I am sorry to And the publishers of one of the leading Negro paper*, fail so completely in the very thing that caused the printing of the paper to become a success . . . by giving the Negro people a chance. After the Republicans had them going around half-starved and completely ignored, until the New Deal came in and arranged things so he would be able to slowly but surely come into his own and be able to bear the ex penses of printing a paper for themselves—after so many lean days of the Republican adminis tration. They turned on that same New Deal and call it everything but a helper of the Negro. I would be ashamed to belittle our very own second savior, T. D. Roose velt. If you were the intelligent lead ers I hoped to be able to follow someday, you would not be baited by a few words and a lot of "hot air" promisee Dewey and hla party are blasting. And be sold down the river and lesd all who are dumb enough to follow to de struction. You know Roosevelt cannot do at will what he would like to do. He is not a dictator! Instead of him being voted out, you had better be praying to God that he is kept in as long as he lives. What do I care what he is, Just so he does the right thing. It is not the party that is important —but the man and his deeds. Remember ex-Mayor and Gov ernor Frank Murphy’ He was a fine man but he could not get a staff of fine men to carry out his orders, so he could not make much headway here in Michigan. So is FDR He is s fine man, but he just can't get the right men to car ry out orders That is why he is so slow in doing what he would do if he had just a little coopera tion. Don’t blame anyone If the Re publicans make you sorry you ever wanted them In do war again ANOTHER DOOR IS OPENED! Miss Halsey has Gretchen faced with tfce problem of selling her father the idea of their boarder bringing a Negro friend of his to the house- Although Negro hos tesses from the canteen had come there for meetings the thought of a Negro man being entertained by his daughter was a much harder one to accept. In this connection. Miss Halsey makes an excellent point: "There’s nothing you can do about the race problem that’s safe. We’ve let it go too long for that The only choice we have left is between perilous courses that are democratic and perilous courses that aren’t democratic. M FRANK APPROACH TO DAN CINQ WITH NEOROES Those who read Miss Halsey’s democratic statement to hostesses in the Canteen on dancing with Negro servicemen which appeared in PM last year will enjoy again her frank approach to the subject in her book: In answer to a Junior Hostess’ question about falling in love with a Negro, Gretchen an* swers: "If you're so susceptible that you fall in love while dancing twice around the room with a total stranger, you ought not to be work* ing in a canteen at all." On the same subject she writes: "At any rate, when my girls pluck up their courage and ask shyly about inter marriage, I tell them that they are not likely to have the chance to marry a Negro; and If they do have, and he is not the moon of their OT”Bee BOOKS. Page 1 —but your own narrow-sighted •elver Going around talking about them after they are in will not help any. The very paper that la Republican will cease to be if you don't watch out. If not that, iti headlines will reek with what Dewey said he would do and didn't. If that happenj you can Just grumble and squak! It will get you nowhere. Fll bet you will live to regret that you ever heard of a man named Dewey! You poor, easily bought thing*. May God forgive you, for you knoweth not what you do. But I'll bet. by golly, you'll soon find out. This is an open letter to colored so-called Republicans. I am a con stant reader of the Chronicle and love It You people are smart and can be told something.—Signed. A Reader. Dear Editor: The American Negro was freed by President Abraham Lincoln, a Republican. The party did not free us. but the heart in Lincoln was designed by God for that pur pose. Since Lincoln passed the Repub lican party has not destroyed the evil of segregation and discrimi nation when they were in power. Nor has a Republican candidate or president advocated its remov aL President Herbert Hoover oft en ducked the camera when our press correspondents attempted to catch his photograph. Now we have had a long Demo cratic administration under the leadership of Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the President who has given us recognition. Even if we do have to pay high taxes, our poverty-stricken people needed the food and other necessities. The President’s wife, like no oth er, has given time to our cause and withdrawn her membership from the D.A.R. because of dis crimination. I believe in a democratic gov ernment where all the people have freedom and rights, and un der the leadership of Roosevelt we shall make furthgV gains in the future toward realising all those rights. The demagogues in our own American government hope to destroy Roosevelt, but 1 believe under God who did pre pare the heart of Lincoln, they will not do so The world not y« awhile can conceive of the work of Roosevelt, but In the future posterity will teach that he was next to Lincoln in deed of kindness for the peo ple.—B. H. Hayes, Lynchburg, Va. SATURDAY, OCTOBER 28, 1944 UN-COVERING WASHINGTON By HARRY S. McALPIN White Hoot# Correapondeat (Btlintl Through the AtUata Dally World by NNPA) Perhaps this will make interest ing reading—maybe it won’t In one way of looking at it, it is a personal matter—the fact that re cently I, as a newspaper corres pondent. have been the center of a storm us protest and considerable furore. From another view, how ever, it is the public's business be cause what I write, or any other correspondent, becomes public property—and the public has a right to know the attitude and re liability of the persona who feed them information The story I wrote three weeks ago criticizing the FEPC chairman, Malcolm Ross, has aroused official resentment in the FEPC. I have been accused of deliberately snip ing at Mike—who as an individual is a fine fellow that 1 like very much. But as a self-assumed ex pert on Negro affairs, he needs to be deflated lest he become danger ous to our general welfare. A protest was sent my employ ers, by direction of the FEPC com mittee. saying the article about Mike was full of inaccuracies, though not saying what was untrue in it. I still maintain it was true, and have written the committee asking the chairman and the mem bers to point out the alleged inac curacies to me. I shall be anxious, of course, to retract and to throw away further information I haven’t used yet if they can prove I was wrong. I took pains, however, to be sure before I wrote the article. The FBI, the White House and others have been asked to help stop the "leaks" through which I got my information. That's practically a confession, because a dry pipe doesn’t leak. Another storm was created when I revealed in this column two weeks ago that Lieut. Gen. Brehon Somervell, chief of the Army Service Forces, had said In a meeting regarding disposition of re turning battle-weary, Negro sol diers. “I'd like to dump the coona in the middle of the desert." Indirectly, I have learned that the General claims he said no such thing More directly, however, I have been further convinced that he did. His previous record on the Negro question is not conducive to any belief that he would be above saying such a thing—nor would the manner In which he balked at the President’s orders that a new Re distribution Center plan be worked out minus the jimerow proposals. Nevertheless. 1 have asked, in directly, that the General be in formed that I will be happy to cor rect the statement attributed to him if he will tell me what he did aay. I confess I may have left out an adjective of emphasis Just in front of the word "coons." And to top all this. I have been accused of being politically parti san to the Democrats and politi cally partisan to the Republicans. Democrats tell me I am hurting Roosevelt by exposing Army Jim erow and administrative ineffi ciencies. Republicans say my stories "ooze" with New Deal fla vor, and that I wrote a preponder ance of New Deal news. Personally, I am partial to Roose velt. That ,of course, is my perog ative. No man or group of men may take from me the right to my own political choice in the light of what I think best for the world, the nation and for the Negro. But in my work, representing both Re publican and Democratic papers, I submerge my personal preference and try to report the news as it comes or is uncovered by me re gardless of where the chips may fall. In the same way, I drop too. the personal admiration, animosity and even friendship I may have for men and women In public office when their activities, attitudes and administration are not in the best interest of the general welfare as I see it. I believe, in such cases, they should be held up to public light in their true colors When they deserve a pat on the back, I think they should have that too In no otfier way could I Justify to myself remaining In the news- OTSee McALFIN, Page I