The Michigan chronicle. [volume], August 25, 1945, Image 6

About The Michigan chronicle. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1936-current

Image provided by: Central Michigan University, Clark Historical Library

                
INDEPENDENT
ffltftjgjMjianttfe
PublUhtd E*#ry Thursday By
THE MICHIGAN CHRONICLE PUBLISHING COMPANY
MAIN OFFICE: 2*l Elio! Detroit 1. Mich. TEmpU 1-4177-1
* LOUIS EMANUEL MARTIN Editor
Ttrmi of Subocription (payable in adeence'
One Year $4 00: Nina Month*. *3.50; Si* Month* >2.30
National Advertising Repre»#n!ative
ASSOCIATED PUBLISHERS. INC.
5*5 Fifth A*a.. New York 19 N Y. Br. 9 4577
Mambar Audit Buraau of Circulation*
.. _ - ——. ■ 1,, ■ - .
Entered a* second data matter May 1 1940 at lha Poal Offica a!
Detroit. Michigan, undar Hye act of March 3. 1173
TAKE IT EASY •
Last week following the announcement of the
V •
end of rationing restrictions on many items, it was
reported that thousand? of citizens throughout the
country went on a buying spree. Even luxury items
were going like hot-cakes. We can understand the
pent-up feelings of the people who have chafed for
so long under the restrictions made necessary by our
war effort.
Nevertheless, we noted that the end of ration
ing on some goods was announced on the same da\
that billion? of dollars of war contracts were can
celled. Thus many a guy whose car was full of
gas was automatically out of a job. At the moment
the job situation is not very clear but one thing is
sure, thousands of workers face unemployment in
the near future. Traditionally Negroes have been
the first fired in times of stress and despite the
seniority rules and other so-called job guarantees,
our people can expect to get the short end of the
stick once more.
In Detroit Negro workers may fare much bet
ter. particularly those with long seniority, than in
many other areas. Re that as it may, wc believe
that our people will be very wise to restrain their
impulse to let the eagle on the silver dollar fly at
this time. To carry the figure further, when things
straighten up, we may be in a position to make the
eagle fly right. Buying a lot of luxury items now
which serve no practical purpose may be regretted
later.
Most Detroiters know that in the past our eco
nomic course ran from one extreme to the other.
Its boom or bust, feast or famine. While wc shall
work with all our might to make full employment a
living reality, it will be noted that the boys who
run the show in America are keeping mighty quiet.
Thus* until we can be sure of jobs for all, we believe
thsrf we would do well to keep those war bonds and
if we have any loose cash, buy more bonds. In other
words, let's press for full employment and, when we
feel like shooting the works, remember to take it
easy.
AN ACADEMIC BOMB
There is a story that a shrewd father who had
a witless son sought desperately to improve the lat
ter's mind ail to no avail. Finally convinced that
his son would remain a fool, the old man advised
the youngster to keep his mouth shut in the pres
ence of intelligent people. The father reasoned that
"his son's silence would be taken for wisdom and no
one would guess that he was a nut. W e are told
that the youngster grew up to be a college president.
True or false, we do know that many persons
whose intelligence is taken for granted often prove
to be amazingly stupid when they air their views.
Such is the case of Ernest Martin Hopkins who is
president of famed Dartmouth college. President
Hopkins has not only admitted that Dartmouth
maintains a quota on the number of Jews who may
study at the college but he publicly defends restrict
ive quotas on the basis of race and religion.
While this revelation is shocking enough, the
reasoning of Dr. Hopkins is even more extraor
dinary. Ho claims that the racial restrictions at
Dartmouth are designed to promote tolerance. In
a letter to a director of the Independent Citizens’
Committee of the Arts, Sciences, and Professions,
the president of Dartmouth stated that his college
‘•would lose it? racial tolerance, which it is desper
ately anxious not to lose, were we to accept unex
arained the great blocks of Jewish applications
which come in . . .'*
For many years it has been charged that many
of our best universities maintained an off-the
record (junta system for Jews and Negroes. The
medical schools in the eastern states have been, ac
cording to widespread allegations, the worst of
fenders. Some colleges, including Princeton, have
refused to admit N’#groe-r at all. In some quarMn
it is believed that Jewish students study harder than
others and their very diligence has heen used as an
excuse to limit their number at certain institutions.
We can think of few acts more downright crim
inal than this business of restricting the educational
opportunities of Americans solely because of their
religious belief or racial identity. Not only is this
policy anti-democratic and pro-fascist, it is abso
lutely dangerous to the national welfare. Look for
e moment at the list of scientists who are credited
with the discovery of atomic power which has en
abled us to produce the atomic bomb.
The Jewish scientists who were kicked out of
Hitler's Europe have helped us to develop the most
powerful source of energy known to mankind. The
contribution of Jewish intellectuals and scientists
to modern civilization is immeasurable. The discov
eries of Jewish doctors in the field of medicine
alone are enough .to put I)r. Hopkins to shame. To
place a ceiling on the development of the brains of
any group is a crime which cannot be defended
among sane people anywhere.
We believe that the revelation of the Hitlerite
policies of Dartmouth should lead immediately to
a Congressional investigation of the racial and re
ligiouslpolicies of all American colleges. The serious
ness or this situation warrants federal action. If
fascism is nurtured in our educational system, we
can have little hope for the survival of democracy.
If we restrict the intellectual development of any
group of Americans, we can have even less hope
for our national existence in these days of earth
shaking discoveries.
THE STRAIGHT LINE
Recently in New York, a group of Negro pub
lishers were the luncheon guests of the publishers
of Editor and Publisher, the most important trade
journal of the newspaper profession in America.
The meeting was designed to promote a better un
derstanding between the Negro and white mem
bers of the press. It was a rewarding experience
and we believe both the colored and white newsmen
present profited from the exchange of views.
One point raised in the meeting was the social
responsibilities of the big and powerful newspaper
publishers whose papers influence millions of Amer
icans every day. Marshall Field who owns the Chi
cago Sun, PM and other publications, was cited as
an example of a publisher who was fully aware of
the role he might play to promote inter-group good
will in America and international understanding
throughout the world.
Last month in California, Mr. Field further en
hanced his reputation as a great national leader by
an important speech on race relations. Said Mr.
Field:
“Modern thinking must be in terms of an ex
panding universe rather than a restricted universe.
Knowing this, free men who would remain free, and
he who would become free, are concerned not only
with their own freedom hut also with the freedom
of all men to develop their full capabilities and po
tentialities. They must concern themselves with the
disadvantaged groups, those we ordinarily speak
of as the minorities, and those who are ill fed, badly
clothed, poorly housed, and sick in mind and body.”
He made the following observation which un
fortunately is too often overlooked by our national
leaders: “Viewed in objective perspective, we are
all members of racial, ethnic, and religious minori
ties in this country and certainly in the world. In
addition, in biological and cultural heritages of
all of us there is something of all the major varia
tions of the human race and of all the major
cultures.” *
In his concluding statement, Mr. Field suggest
ed that all Americans should take some such pledge
as the following:
“I will not spread rumors that aid the racial
war of the enemy against democracy.
, “I will win the war at home by combating
racial discrimination wherever I meet it.
“I will respect the rights of all men equally,
without regard to their race or creed.”
There In confusion on this jnh sit
uation Even the so-called author
ities don't seem to know what's
ahead for ns Rest thine for you
to do is write 'our vacationing
Congressman to vote for full em
ployment legislation
• • •
The Saturday Evening F*oet i-a*
a profile of John ‘Free Press'
Knight this past week called, * L’p
From Akron "
0 0 0
The South ts still divided about
the new picture, “The Southern
er" Memphis banned it and
Winchell blames Rankin et al. for
the furor over it. Rut the Daugh
ters of the Confederacy have
approved it. so it can t he very
strong.
0 • •
That new planned expansion for
the DSR so ,nds good on paper hut
uc ve go? our fingers rro««ed That
airport plan also sounds good hut
it has yet to get to ? ie action stage
• • •
If you ask me. Time Maga
»ine overdid that on the fence
attitude it takes about everything
in its writeup about Dartmouth a
president defending that college’s
quota on Jews. That a one of
those questions which doesn t
have two sides—ontv the right
- one—no quota on any group.
0 0 0
The war s o\ e-- h it some of *ncse
'Don t you know there « a war on'i
elerks don t seem to rave heard the
news Courtesy always pa's bu?
now w hen there * a hlacklog of re
sentment over had wartime man
ner*. it * only good strategy for
everyone to put hi« brs* foot for
ward.
Orchids to the C.reater Detroit
and Wayne Countv ( ouncil of the
( lO for asking that Mississippi s
mudslinger Bilbo he Impeached
for his insulting "Dear Nigger"
letter to two Detroit Negroes.
Whv don't other Detroit groups
get behind it"
0 0 0
Ne.-'n sfier'tifts had a hand in
•he a'om.c homh Mav'ne now that
peace ha; come all nations *>-d
r* cs ean po'-] i'-r r k’ OW edge for
tie good of mankind, or am I
areurntni agt.n?
EDITORIAL PAGE OF THE MICHIGAN CHRONICLE
That new NAACP campaign
against restrictive covenants
should rally all the white lib
erals, If they’re worthy of the
name. How about a few of them
educating their neighbors to the
fact that a Negro living beside
them wouldn't bring the end of
the world.
• • •
Detroit* victory celebration
proved that Negroes and whites en
rra<se can cn.iov themselves to
gether.
• • •
Tome September the Baptists
w ill invade Detroit and take over
Olympia, no less Detroit is de
veioping into a favorite convention
ntv despite its bad national rep
utation
¥>oo&Mt
BY G E KTRU D£ w *3COTT MARTIN
“RIOTS AND RUINS’*
In "R. Us and Ruins" A Clayson
Powell Sr, approaches his gubject
with gusto He points out the
dangerous situation in this rountrv
where race hatred makes riots an
ever dreaded possibility. His ap
proarh i« sometimes cursory hut
he makes up in enthusiasm what
is sometimes lacking in thorough
ness
Thi« is a down-to-earth account
of what is w rong with this country
a« regards rare relations The au
thor draws on his personal ex
perience* for example to illustrate
i the points he makes His com
ments on the Detroit riot and the
general racial situation here omit
a number of pertinent points
which would make his account
complete.
New York Riot
He point* out that there wore
two distinct phases in ’he Nr «.
York not -the first a legitimate
p r o'c* t action and the second
i pr.djt—*ni estramed looting. He
IN OUR NEWS
BY HORACE WHITE
WAR S END The end of our
wars has come We are all so
very happy about It. The rpd of
the war is very important. The
end of the war, however, is not
nearly as im
portant as the
beginning of an
era of peace.
The peace of
the world calls
for a different
kind of states
manship. Peace
calls fnr an un
derstanding of
the other frl
low’s desires
and wishes as
well as our
ability to ex
press our de
sires and wish,
es and have
R Jki
Horace White
them acved upon by the "other
fellow.”
The Negro population i* worried
about the future a* we enter an
era of peace The emergency of
war has given the Negro people
an opportunity to participate in the
productive power of the United
States on a very encouraging
scale Reforr the comma of war
the Negro people were given the
"crumbs'’ from th'e industrial table
of our beloved country. Will the
American industry go hack to the
use of the Negro as a marginal
worker? Wll Negroes he pushed
on the public relief rolls, all out
of proportion to their numbers in
the population., because of race
prejudice” Will the returning Ne
gro veteran have to hope that he
■a ill he treated second best among
the veterans’ groups rather than
be treated equally among all vet
erans’’
Will Americans sav after the war
as it did before the war that the
time is not ripe and that the people
need a g-eat deal more education
before the Negroes of our country
can be treated a< citizens? These
and many more questions are run.
nmg through the minds of the
American Negro population
American industry may try to
use the Negro worker to weaken
the labor movement in this roun
trv. The white workers In the
labor movement may try to ' grab’’ ,
false security at the expense of
the Negro worker. American in
dustry ran easily pit black worker
against white worker when there
is a shortage of jobs for the work
ers. White workers who may he
too desperate to see how they are
being used will seek to use the
Negro worker s difference in color
to keep a job. Without thoughtful
leadership the Negro worker will
be likely to take anti-white worker
attitudes. If the Negro worker
takes an anti-white worker atti
tude the stage will he all set for
some industrialist to break the
hack of the union on the basis of
race prejudice. Ilis arguments will
he that Negro workers and white
workers cannot get along.
The danger in our era of peace
will be that race conflict in Amer- j
ica will overshadow the real issues
befnrp the American people. Sol- |
diers will he returning and there
will not be enough jobs for them
There will be an effort, in face of
this situation, to push the Negro
ofT the job for the white soldier
All kinds of trick* will be used
to bring about the dismissal of
the Negroes from jobs fnr white
persons Negro workers will be
charged with everything in the
hook'’ to justify hi« losing the
ioh to a non-Negro. This will mean
race bitterness
The Negro veteran will return
to .America with a feeling that he
fought for something important to
him and his family democracy.
There will he those among our
population who will think that the
fighting was done for the white
.Americans. Such people will seek
to remind the Negro soldier of
this "notion.” The Negro soldier
will not he reminded He would
not have heen a worthy soldier If
he could he reminded
The Negro soldier will rxnrc'
exactly to say he fought for dem- i
oeraev.
The American people will need
to put their political "house” in
order. The problems that are now
i confronting the American people
will have to be met with vigor on
the part of the people. Manv
of the men in high political office
are unfit for a domestic job of
. change and progress. The things
that divide the American people
are only smoke screens to prevent
change and progress. The Ameri
can people want jobs for all the
people. America can provide jobs
for all the people. On this the
people are not divided The great
majorltv of people In this country
know that race conflict Is onlv a
svmptom of too few jobs on a basis
of equality, too little housing for
all the people, too much inade
quacy In education for all our
people and too much disease both
mental and physical None of these
can become adequate without the
control of government. Govern
ment will Just "slide” along talking
feverishly about “private enter
prise” unless the people demand
that their government take steps
to bring about the “American
Dream.”
denounces bitterly the “hoodlums"
who took p art in this second
phase.
s.
The Rev. Mr Powell praises the
3V movement started by Wenrfcil
P. Dabney of the Cincinna'i t r nir*n
who advocates "victory abroad, at
home and over ourselves" In this
connection again he criticizes the
hoodlum element in the Negro
population which he infers is be
yond help Although he decries
the conditions under which Ne
g ors live in this country he does
not show that hoodlums are made
and not horn The type of life
that even a privileged Negro in
this country mu«t lead i.s not con
ducive to a well-adjusted person
ality. When one considers the ad
ditional aggravations and the hard
ships which the underprivileged
m i«t undergo, thri r anti-social ac
tions can he explained
Assorted flroups
A «*rancely assorted group* of
Nrgrne.-' and whi'es rom.e in for
p;a;»e from the author. Among
TIME TO FACE IT!
Enquiring Reporterj
Question: Do you think good
times will follow the present la
bor slump?
P. A. Venable, 4126 Brush, teach-
er of wind
Inst r u -
n.eriL' After
h >ho:t period
of setiiack- due
to the sudden
ending of tne
war, loss of
jobs, and over
spend-
ing —then,
better time*.
Detroit was an
industrial cen
ter before the
■war and after
reconver.
sinn she will
9B .Bfc.
P. A. VenahJe
return to normalcy which will
mean better times for the indus
trial worker. However, thing* will
hardly return to the war-time sta
tus."
Miss Robbie Barnett. .VSO Mack.
secretary, Com
munity Mus.c
School- *1 will
not sav that
good times will
follow the pres
en t labor
slump Rut 1
believe that ex
periences of the
past in this pa
ticular ins tan r
will give our
leaders a be’-er
v ew of the fu
ture ’
I’’' >% n
La-. If
Kkw v
Mis* Barnett
Otis S. Boyd. 322 P Canton, a««o-
eiatr of Richard
Ati«tin, ae
eo'intant. "In
my opinion,
there will he no
other period of
prosperity sim
ilar to th:s un
less tnere is an
o t h e r war
“Things are go
ing to return to
normal. Peace
time production
will aid in fill
ins the gap aft.
er reconversion
but things
w o n't be as
Otis Boyd
they were during the war.”
Miw Puth Watt*. IRn2O Revere,
instructor in
piano and the
ory "No* 1 do
believe that a
long period of
read jus t m e n t
and reconstruc
tion will be
brought on in
daily living be
cause of the re
strictions that
were enforced
during the war.
Rut I don t
think there will
be any good
time*' follow
ing the present
labor slump.”
w" ir **»>
Edgar Brazeltnn. 3P.lfi Rrush.
owner, Acme
FJnwer shop
"We shall. 1 be.
lieve. return to
what some of
us term a good
time af’er la
bor and man
agement haie
had a definite
understand t n z
thai will bene,
fit all ”
Mr. Bra*elton
them are Virginius Dabney of Vir
ginia and Gov. F.llis Arnall of
Georgia, and Dr. Gordon Hancock
He docs not go all the way with
Lillian Smith and Marilyn Kaom
merle. for instance Os Mis« Smith
he writes "Lillian Smith, as a
white woman, has a right to ad.
vise w hite people to e,it wi’h coi
(Continued on pace II)
LAB 0 R /cc/s! ////rad
m OfO W CROCKETT
Dick Frankensteen's s.ctory i”
tiie Detro t mayoral campaign is
•being played up in tne nation •>
press as a labor victors- There are
those Alio *ee n it some :e.ation-
*hip to the iyl
- ent labor par
ty viciory in
(ireat H:itain.
IT IS TRI E.
of co use. that
F r an k. e n
steen, a dv
na mic labor
union leader,
did have the
active support
of organ ir.ed
labor, but it is
only theoreti
cally corr ect
to refer to his
success as a
labor victory. H.s victory, like the
eoent victory of the British La
bor Party. belongs not to organ
zed labor as such h i* to trie too i.
>ands of ordinary men and a om
en who a:e determ.’’cd now *' :e
than ever he f re ‘ i e\cr« sc
greater measure of control me:
the affairs of their govet nmc-v
Only part, a small part, of
these people are members of or
ganized labor as such; the bulk
of them here, as in Britain, have
no direct connection with labor
unions. Thev simple believe In
the far-sighted program labor
offers this rommunitj and Amer
ica generally.
• • •
DETROIT IS TIIK her r nz o'
this post-war rev... .non in po'
cal thought The coming New
York City e ertions w I cm' •• e
this tide \nd we believe that by
tor time roll* a-o ;nd. the o
erwhelm n; majo -of \ 'e:<
nv er the ce in* y vi'l waKc th*s
pew spin’ of liberalism n govern
ment an integral part of our na
tional scene
Whether or not we are alone in
thus anticipating Frankenstcen s
eventual elector; and w erne
our analysis of t'e long-’erm ef
fect of she Detroit pnm » v -> cor.
iret can be tested b) noting i
how fre e■ I th# Trutna
ministration n nve« ‘ -ligh' > 'ct
of center” during the com ng
months.
• • •
The ATOMIC BOMB is the
most Inhumane form of warfare
yet devised hv a civilized na
tion. Its potential for Indiscrim
inate mischief ranks on an equal
footing with the use of poison
gas. As such, it should be prohib
ited by the laws of Nations—
If it is not already
THAT SI CH WOl l.n l ave her
the views of all fair-minded
Americans had the bomb been
first discovered and used by Ger
many. or .Japan nr even Russia
1 hardly will be denied The fact
that our country was the first to
discover and to u it .n this war
should not. we thick a'ter our
moral condemnation of this mo.«t
wanton and moc cruel method off
destroying human life
But the chief danger of mir lat
est atomic discovers is to he found
in its potential peace-time u»rs by
industry as a labor-saving device.
If our traditional method of sup
-1 planting man-made energy w ith
machine-made energy is followed
in the use nf this ncwlv found
atbmm process, we a>e in for the
greatest m >ss unemployment, mis
cry and human turmoil The world
has ever known. For in the past,
industry, aided and ahettrd by a
complaisant government, has gone
.along ignorantl'* assuming that
the economic hardships and suf
fering attendant upon such start
ling changes in our economic order
will automatically level off and ad
just themselves But the workers
in our rra>s production industries
know this is not true.
• • •
IF ON THE other hand we rec
ognize that scienep exists to help
and not to harm mankind, that ns
aim always should be the lessm
j ing of human w oes, then our dis
covery and eventual reduction to
. peaceful pursuits of the enormous
; energy generated by >p!itting the
atom should ieduce immeasurably
the amount of human .labor
needed to nprr,<'e o>;r industries
and advance oi.r economy w" le
increasing ended y t'-e amount
of return the worgers -halt ge* in
l wages aa wtii as m leisure time.
Ruth Watt*
SATURDAY, AUGUST 25. 1945
Whether a e shall follow the one
o .'-e or t-e other will depend
in the In- - • m upon tne cond..
t ' - go.er Tent imposes n mas*
i . ' itoftuc. d.sc '\ery a\a..abi«
to i'.d .-tiy.
• • •
> \< \TIOM\G HERE in Wash
,r 1 .'i - . o oid a «oc.ates in
’ •* fe if i , >er ~i e brings hai k.
• : >! .e> of : e R oo>e . e t > ra: *
i r ., , s- r , \rgrn ho'd.r.g
a r.-p -v ve fedora appointment
a s 'ed Pv t e D.es Cot:! •T#
s a Cotit. .■ or a fellow-ira\.
e r-. Somehow tbev omit'ed '«a
from *his exalted sor etv; and th.s
om.ss on left us feeling like jnrrs
one who had heen secretly mves
t gated and found unworthy to be
classed as an outspoken champion
of human rights and human dig
nify.
Tne ote's.ght m.av have been
and .e to our pos ton as a high
rink mg a:torne\ m t-e Pepar*-
mens o' l.abor- a department
1 * n a.< and ■.» e su*pe«-t
i 5 n isly safe for ant;-
~i oor so: vTs.
• • •
G. tV. Crorkett ,lr
NEVERTHELESS. WT, in
iv w; *h thousands of other or
d "arv Americans. cont n.,e to
v irider ; ist v hat the-e s «o
v o g aou.it Comm .n.sm or ’he
On.r.m.unthat ’ r>e--,p thinke'i
e.erywnere ii\e in deadlv fear
'hat thev w 1 ce ca.led CdTJtun*
prcfer-icg • ie safer r.omer
c 1 1 ;: e o # Soy, a 1 ;»*«.
!nw < rd'' • ne\ ivr.nv, a« do we,
'all who fearlessly and con
s ent ni.slv fign’ the battle f«r de
mnr vary and for fieedorn for
men ,ri w or’d today a espr t
■ < brothers-in-arms wth th#
dr»p;-rd R i«s in Communists.
Certa n y the common of
Brita.n, F'a*' e, Oh "a and Ttalv
ha e recognize-, this Kinship Why
no* we here in America 1
W‘ \ for example has thi» fear
of bong labelled a Oommunist
become - ,cn a”. ob , »es«;on amorg
cot a ’ 1 -\c - • of hesita'e
' 1 P ».«e ope md read the
Cot - ■ • .vr . s noncha tntly
as ws» would read a Snr o. <• pa
ce.- or tne De’roit News? Why do
vo «*err e’ea- of nooks by Karl
M *«* o the Communist. Manifes
to nut nave rn q,a ms whatever
' •» ope- \ -e.d Pla’o s "Re
puhli ’or Henry George s *Trog
!<'.-« r.nd Povc tv" cr even the
New* Tes’amc t 1 The one contains
sho :t a« much Communistic think
ing .is *he othe- except that we do
•■o’ Ike to thmK of the Bible as
<■< nf.. • • g Oommur.isn' we .pre
fer to -av that if is ".social” gos
pel or socialism ”
THE ANSWER TO th « fear, to
this pe--. er-sion of reasoning, is to
be found in the diabolical thor
oughness with which an antj-Rus
sian daily ptess in America has
made t ost of us its thought-slave*
We think urconsciousl v as we
read md s nrc our general read
me ever since the last World War
has been anti-Communist, our
thoughts are too And so m our
thinking it is almost a crime ever
to ho identified in thought, let
alone in aclinr., with the so-called
Communist "1 ne Hence, the fart
that no Communist Party mem
be s are for this or that measure
in Congress, or favor this or that
course "f action no matter how
sound the s ipporting reasons rrav
be means that w e must be against
if o: lay onrsehea a to .being
rlasv«d as Communists
This .« downright foolishness It
defies all so' sc of log c. Reduced
to its simplest iri ms it means t H at
e-. erv pri son aho believes that he
or she shou’d he free to work e*t t
'ive or move the same as anyone
else or *o marry whomjoever he
or she pleases the same as anyone
else must be a Communut—be
cause tn < i« what Communum is
supposed to teach.
• • •
BY THE SAME spurious reason
ing. everyone who believes that
the government is the sum total
of all the people and, as such,
should rontrol and supervise the
wealth of the nation the national
1 resources and the means of pro
duction mu.-t be a Communist
since tins also is what Commun
is n is supposed to teach
And evcrvnne who believes that
the hu’k of the large fortunes
amassed n this rountrv from the
I (Continued on page II)