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PAGES-FIVE OCLQCK. ARMORED TRAINS WITH LOOP HOLES They Arc Being Sent to the Schuyl- RegionStrange Men Ap pearing at the Collieries Pottsville. Pa., May 31.Armored trains containing cars with bullet-proof ex teriors and provided with loopholes for rifles and revolvers, were sent to differ ent parts of the Schuylkill coal region to day. They were provided for the use of the special policemen at the collieries. That such protection is necessary is shown from the occurrences of the last three days, several engineers and watch men who remained at work having been stoned. An official of the Philadelphia & Reading Coal and Iron company said last evening: "There will be a camp train consisting of from one to four cars at all collieries, and where the operations are isolated there will be a train for each colliery." Pittstdn, Pa., May 31.The Erie Rail road company to-day brought a train load of cots, bedding and provisions here and distributed them at the various col lieries located *n and around this city. Several colored cooks accompanied the goods and a number of strange men also appeared. Many engineers,, firemen and pumpmen whose night shift ended this morning, took their working clothes away from the mines. Wilkesbarre. Pa., May 31.There is every reason to believe that the pump runners will respond with practical una nimity next Monday to President Mitchell's order to strike "unless granted an eight hour work day and other conditions pre scribed by the Shamokin convention. That the operators do not propose to yield is evidenced by the high fences and barbed wire which they have placed around the collieries. Hundreds of extra coal .and iron policemen have been em ployed, armed principally with revolvers. , These armed guardsmen are back of the [ high board fences and the barbed wire. President Mitchell is expected to ar rive here late this afternoon' or to-night. D E P A R T M E N T STORES MOtl^, St. Joseph and St. Louis and the teara scers, whose national headquarters are in Chicago have received assurances from their locals a t those points that all the men will obev the summons and go out. The attitude of the packers' repre beutatlves took away the last hope of an immediate settlement of the strike and the teamsters decided to give the firms ROOSEYELT,: . . WOULD ( M He'll Try to kttend Conven- \ - - tion at Minneapolis in September. Judge Torrance Congratu lated by the President on His Address. from- The Journal Bureau. Room dS.Pott ffuiltiinff, Washington. Washington, May 31.Judge Ell Tor- rance, commander-in-chief of the G. A- R-. was assured by President Roosevelt this morning that the president would make every effort to be in Minneapolis some- time between Sept. $2 and 26 to attend the national convention of employes and employers. The statement was made in CORRlffM'S -V * Appalling Almost Beyond Be-1 lief the Revelations Made in St.Louis. St. Louis, Mo., May Sl.'-^The April grand jury which has been investigating mu nicipal corruption: made its-final, report' to-day to Judge Douglas. '-.-. The .report says that "while there may have been corruption in other cities as great as we have liad here,, yetJ.in no place in the world and in no time known to history has so much official, corruption beejr un covered end the evidence shown that all could see and understand. These reve lations have been" so appalling as to be al most beyond belief and it will be./years before the extent of the discoveries are fully realized."' . ' ' . . ' "If the affairs of. St. Louis had been properly administered for th% past fifteen years, and if all officials had-'been honest, there would to-day- .be enough money in the treasury to-put public*buildings in repair, pave streets that i r e now up paved, make sewerp now "unmade, and build new buildings-so much needed. The high tax rate, ther deplorable condition of public institutions the depleted state of IT HIS MAD E 1 l TIE! SQUIRM Democrats Angered by the * President's Memorial^ Day Address* ' { They Say That fje Is Trying v to Revive theBloody -.: '.' Shirt Issue. ? f , Washington, May 31 Democratic poli ticians, especially the southern leaders in congress, are smarting under the sting of President Roosevelt's Memorial* ad dress at Arlingtpn yesterday. They ap pear in the morning Philadelphia and New York papers in severe cfttioism of the address, saying it was an uncalled for, unfairr attempt t revive the "bioody shirt" issue and very unwise from a po litical standpoint. 'They assert in angry FOR^'TBE OLD MAN" 1 SO GARDNER SAID "Bifly" Edwards Testifies as to Why Gardner Wanted $1,060A StateWitness Disappears. "Billy" Edwards, head of the local "big Gardner agreed to give him protection mitt" industry, called as a witness in the Gardner-case, this morning, testified that lie-and "Link" Grossman had paid Gard ner $200 on one occasion and $500 on an other. sand that Gardner had' told them the money wars for Mayor. A A. Ames. He Modern MtHer Goose T h e T e o m t t e n ' S t r i k e S p r e a d s t o T h e m T o - d a y , ^ ''^*i '"'"',' Chicago, Majr -fffc^The t e a m a f e r S ^ s i k e to-day spread to the department stores. Eighty -"nine men working for the Fair struck and it was said that 400 more men employed 'by oither big down-town stores would be out by* to-night.. The effect, "it was said, would be practically to shut off the delivery of goods to customers and the bringing in of new stock. The de partment store teamsiters* union was re cently formed and is affiliated with the national organization on the same footing as the one at the stockyards. The men make the same demand as do (the packers' teamsters for better hours, higher wages and recognition of the union. Police were called to guard the Pair. Jacob Kessner, the manager of the es - tablishment, attempted to address the teamsters this morning. Their business agent told Mr. Kessner that he would have to talk to the men's agent and that be could not talk to the men. "I don't recognize you," said Mr. Kess ner. At this the business agent blew the whistle and the teamsters to a man quit work, leaving a large guard of pickets, however, to look after their interests. MEAT STRIKES WILL EXTEND T h e T e a m s t e r s P r o p o s e t o Carry It to K a n s a s City, St. Loo in, E t c . Chicago, May 31.The beef trust pack ers have openly declared war on union labor. At a conference between the pafckers and the union leaders they re fused absolutely to grant the concessions asked or any part of them aod put them selves on record as unalterably opposed to the recognition of union labor in the yards. The tie-up, which is declared complete, is to be carried to Omaha, Kansas City, .--.si. Old Mother Hubbard She went to the-Cupboard To get her Poor Dog a bone But a Strike wa s on there, And the Cupboard* was bare, '. And "so the Po.br Doggie got None Mynheer Knickerbocker -. / ....'_---- He went to the l o c k e r / ^ : . ^ ^ i ^ ^ - ' 5 , . v To get his.poor.Cook-Stove tiome/Coali':' But he (started In fright - : There was no,-anthracite, And all h could, see was a Hole. until Monday bfore broadening the scope of the struggle. Serious trouble began for down-town hotels and restaurants to-day when mem bers of the ice wagon drivers and helpers union refused to deliver ice to the Great Northern hotel, the Palmer House, Kin sley's restaurants and the Heubner* Bak ing company. The management of the Auditorium Hotel and Annex also was notified that n j ice would be delivered after to-day if meat from packers who have not signed the union agreement was used. K i l l e d a B l a c k s m i t h . J Cincinnati, May 31.'Michael O'Donnell, blacksmith for t i e Emerson-Fischer car riage company, was assaulted last night by unknown parties and died to-day. As O'Donnell continued at work and was recognised as a leader of those opposing the pending strike it is "supposed that his murder was due to revemge. He leaves a widow and five small children. JOHNDECORATED Mr. Goodnow May Get the Three-eyed Peacock ' Feather. 7 . Peking, May 31.The government pro- poses to bestow a decoration on John Goodnow. tha United States consul gen- eral at Shanghai, in recognition of his services in maintaining peace in the cen- tral provinces of China in 1900. DOWN T O 66,497 Mr. Root Issues an Order De creasing, the Size of the Army. ' Washington, May 31.By direction of the president. Secretary Root has issued a general order decreasing the strength of our permanent military establishment and changing the ratio of its make-up as provided in the general order issued last May to carry out the army reorganization taw. Under the general order of last May the total strength of the army was fixed PATTEN HAD 'E M When the Shorts Triedto Buy In TheirOats They Found Them Cornered. at 77,287 men. The order issued to-day reduces this figure to 6,497a reduction g f t h e cfoseT but""the~cn.r did"noT*af .- of 10,790. Chicago, May 31. James* A. Patten, mayor of Evanstoh and a prominent board of trade operator to-day brought to a suc cessful close the corner in May oats which has dominated the oats market since early last fall. The profits credited to Mr., Patten on the deal are estimated at nearly $1,000,000. About the time prices in corn began to mount 'skywards last year on account of the crop shortage, it -was learned that someone -was taking in all the May oats offered on the Chi cago market and elsewhere*' Prices be gan to advance steadily and around 37c it was known that Mr. Patten was trying to work a corner. On the big flurry on the Chicago board last December, May oats were pushed to 47%c. Since that time reactions have occurred and when delivery ,day came this month many speculators thought the bottom had fallen out of the corner. It was said Mr. Patten had 10,000,000 to 12,000,000 bushels of the May options. Everything that was offered to him on deliveries he took and in turn sold practically all the contract stocks to shippers at good inducements. This left nothing for the. shorts to ac quire with which to settle and prices ac cordingly were pushed up by Mr Patten personally in the pit to-day. May-oats closed yesterday at 43%. To-day prices were jumped about 6c and closed at 49%c. There was a little flurry of excitement feet the other options. response to an invitation from .Minne apolis, presented by -Judge Torrance.. -, . The president is figuring out dates for his western tour,, which Is to take't place about that time, and said to Judge Tor- rance this morning that he believed his plans would take such shape as would per- mit him. to accept the invitation. He said this would give him .the greatest pleasure in the -world. ," ''"".'. The president took advantage of Judge Torrance's visit to the White House to congratulate him warmly on' his speech yesterday at Arlington, in hie usual impul sive and hearty manner President Roose velt grasped .in hoth his hands the hands of the .commander, giving as he did so a sudden exclamation of approval. "Fine, magnificent, superb. . It was-beautiful, general," he said "I. congratulate you." Congratulations received from members of the 6. A. R. and from the president are a source of great gratification to Judge, Tor rance. :- "' ' .'.''.. W. W. Jermane. Minnesota Showing in 120- Yard Hurdle Race . at 0. Marshall Field, Chicago, May 31.The first heat of the: 120-yard hurdle wasr wo n by Bookman, Minnesota Saridakis, Wis consin, second Freese, Illinois, third time 16 flat. Second.heat 120 yard "hurdle, won. by M.a- loney, Chicago Porter, Beloit,, second O'Brien*, Minnesota, third time 16 flat In the 100-yard, dash the first heat was won by Hahn, Michigan Senni Chicago, second Beacon, Beloit, third time, 10 flat. Second heat won by Blair,: Chicago Ntifer, Michi gan, second . Pierce, Minnesota, third time, 10 2-5. Third heat won by Maloney, Chicago Ed Merrill, Beloit, second Rice, - third time, 10 1-5. ' ' ' - ' - - " r-':Purdue, Mile run won by - Keachie, Wisconsin Perry,, Michigan, second.? Henry, Illinois, third time, 4:31 2^5. Tis breaks the western intercollegiate record. The 440-yard run was wprfby Ed Merrill, Beloit "Nufier, Michigan, second - Tibbetts, Minnesota, third time, 50 flat. - ' . One hundred and twenty-yard hurdle final heat won by, Maloney,. Chicago Boeckman, Minnesota, seco.nd Sartdlkls,.'- ^Wisconsin, third .time, 15 2-5. This breaks the western Intercollegiate record by 2-5. r- ~'-~~ the cltf treasury-are a heritage. left by officials #h6-'have :prdved traitors to the interest, of the people and have trafficked in theiEvo:tes, influence and. ofllcial ac tions,t the city's detriment. "These disclosures make plain thatthe taxpayers of St. Louis have been . merci lessly and*:pitltesaly'outrage for years, that the ..money, they have paid in taxes has. been squandered instead of being used for the. public "welfare, i t has been fe loniously dissipated and benefitted chiefly corrupt officials'who have grown opulent on small salaries. -., '.: - "It" is i n evidence "oefoTe-us tna,t a.'form- er collector of the city, who - waa after wards mayor, received Interest on public funds for his private use. The amount BO received was something over $13,000 which with interest--to date would amount to about $20 000 r Any possible criminal charge'arising out of Jfchis condition/lias been'barred by the statue of limitation, which, unfortunately, is three years. A civil action to recover the * money, however,-can still be brought and'we un derstand will be'instituted. '" "The secretary of the late mayor made a practice of selling permits and of ex torting money fdr reinitances of fines in criminal cases." The bttier Line, However, Makes No Report of Fur ther Disturbances. .:/- . ' -.:/ A"- ' , A...BARGAIN..HAT. . - .vi,. - ^ '"*' -v^f'' ^Chelsea Gazette. '****- ."-.i' HelenI^n't that a lovely hat Kate Is wearing? ' "' ' MayYe7*,, and it didn't coat her accent, either., They proved she H f t ' t ^ r ^ maniac flew TorkSmn SiaioUUSmi-vlpm New York May 31.The cable between Puerto Plata, Haiti,' and Fort-de-France, which was broken.when St. Pierre was destroyed and was restored only last Tuesday, stopped wording again yesterf day.afternoon. . Itr"was at ftrst feared tha^ another volcanic disturbance might have caused the break. There is ano'ihen ca ble, however, -which runs,, from ,Fprt-de- France to Pareta, . Brazil. This. cable Is working, communications sent - oyer it coming from Para by way of the: Azores. It was said, at .the,offices, of the French Cable company that if there had been_ any, further disturbance*, news, of it would probably, have come over this cable. N o such news had .b^eni received y e t When the Haitleh .-cable parted in' the eruption - which destroyed St. Pierre the company's cable steamer, Pouyer Quer tier, which was at Fpri-de-France, fptind that the cable had parted about twenty miles out. Since then^.the cable has beaji working satisfactorily, and \ great deal of matter has .beettf W?nt over. it. ? .- Cables !are frequently. "grbundtti^^uEs n g storms in the West Indies, bnt^nyer,.isp^cial to~^Tbe'-Jim. so the cable cOniiianyj isy, for more than 1 ~""" an hour..br two,. '3p|aiftunlcatta had nd' tones^ that the ptestdent had no business drawing . &' pkjrall4i.: Mtween the cruelties in the Philippines and the negro lynch^, Inge in the southern states and that his w.ords will unfavorably affect the oncom ing campaign. To all.of which the president's friends reply by saying that the address was pitched on the highest possible plane of patriotism, justice, fairness and right and that the time is now at hand in View o f the character of the democratic arraign tt'ent in the senate of the Philippine civil spvernnxent YAW tor'sorne'bod'y An. auWlorVty to speak out fearlessly.and strongly the wprc-s ot exact truth, about the whole Philippine business. Naturally, say the president's friends, the donocrats" in the senate who-have been paying so many bit ter and ' rabid things #bout the conduct of the war in the far east, do not like the strong light which the president has thrown on their position. It has uncov ered It and opened up a line of attack which will be followed on every repub lican stump in the country next fall. Obviously the only thing.they could do in-an effort to hide their discomfiture was to rail at the speech and the speaker and this they have done, in unemasured lan guage. But.the country will not.be mis led. If the president's speech has done one thing more strongly than another it has shown the utter failure of the demo cratic party to revive the imperialistic is - sues. . t h e speech was a surprise to everybody in Washington, None of the president's political advisers, unless it may have 'been the members of *he cabinet knew What he"was going to say. He prepared the apeecb with great deliberation and in? tended. to . say just what he said and he will sfand .by his words. There'v'may be some difference ' of opinion. regard l n 8 whether he. showed discretion ln^gtving a partisan tinge to a memorial dfty ad dress, but no,fair minded"mad will queB- tion-.t.he truth of his words oi? fail to see that they fitted harmoniously into the spirit of the occasion. Besides, as cbmamnder-In-chief of__the army and navy, .arid'in that capacity-re sponsible for what is going oh in the Philippines, it may fairly be said that'he had'a Tignt to take adyanlge Ol: tn\s op^ portunity to speak 'plainly to the coun try. - ' - * . ' . - ' . - . . ' . ",'".- t h e democratic wrath will be propor tionate to the degree of additional' clear ness Which the atmosphere has gained through his words. It is how recalled that the-president was selected as 'memorial day orator at "the time when.i about a month ago, -Senators Rawlins, Patterson', and- others on that side were in the midst of their -fiery denunciations of , the ad ministration policy and it is believed now that the selection was' made as ia. result of his suggestion.' His has been chafing under the enforced silence which his high office imppse6_and was eager to-find a way to-- lay the situation before the people from his vietf point. " ~. ' As- a contribution: to. the literature of the -wur_th speeteh-.-wilV'poBBess -the high-. beed - restored a t 'iafdnlght and there 14 little donbt' that ith? trouble has been ised W * br^aik witch the qable ship ha.y?tfe irffitriKtr-iaKaln. eit interest arid'importance. , w ^3cM.6sioN "- 6f .dXsqcBNa LAUNCH .. JW^'yi' 31.ieas,eriZtm FSrlSi s Falls,'" ' ._.,--,. - -^^.i 4Bermair Erhaid blacksmith, was serfousiy Toure d batf y th e explosio n dCa gasolene launc h which he was repairing- on Long Lake- The explosion-completely demolished the bofc. ig niting the boathouse, which was 'also de stroyed. Zimmerman may not recover. a^ore that Gardner had said the mayor .would have to have $100 a week, in con sideration of permitting the big mitt joint to remain open. At the time the conversation was held Mayor Ames was absent from the city on a hunting trip with George Kent, a Wash ington avenue saloon man, and other friends. Gardner is said, to have ex plained this to Edwards and to have added: . ' "it -would "be a good thing. tor' yon fel lows to~ pay a thousand ddwn and have It ready by the time the old man comes back." '''.',', ' : In addition, Edwards testified that the proposition included a further payment of $50 a week each to Christopher Norbeck, now. under indictment, and to Gardner himself. In return for the payments Ed wards and the men interested with him were to be "guaranteed" bolice protec tion, although Gardner told them that he would not give them a receipt *for thei? money. T e s t i m o n y M a k e s . a Stir. ,.,",' " Edwards is the star witness and when his name was called this -morning every one in-the courtroom leaned forward to get a look at him. . H e is a man perhaps slightly above tne ordinary, height, of slender build, wit hdark moustache and black ix&ir. He was sworn and took his seat i n the witness chalr^ . Within a few minutesv he had given testimony bl such startling i m ^ r t . t h a t ' e v r y one ^ n 'We' room tutgiejj) ,t.b seei h'ow it was affecting, his neighbors.,-,r'* . 'v: - - "Mr. Edwards " said Assistant County Attorney Al: J. ,Smitb, "Do yO'u know the defendant in this case?"* \ "Yei, sir. . I met him at his home last '.October. Chris Norbeck t o o k ' m e down there and introduced us." . "Did you see him again on the 17th of No^emiber, 1901?" "YeSjSir. . I/ink.Crossman and I went down to~"~h*s--4hojise that evening', about half-past 7, and iTiaSr^himL in the front parlor. Mr . Croseman and I together paid him $500. He told me the money was to.go to the mayor.-' I saw Gardner three times .that day. He came to my house and t o m y place of business and we talked matters oyer, then, in the even ing Link and I went out to his house and we pafd him the money." "When did you have the first talk about the payment of this money?" ^ "that was oh. a Friday afternoon. Link Crossman and Owen Crossman and, I tWnit .' Charlie Howard, -were't1ieT. Tbat Iff about'this particular payment. We had talked about ihoDey Wore that oh theEdwardrs first time lever saw him.." - - T o 'Skih" Outsider* - - Only. ' Numerous conversations "had taken place between Gardner and Edwards and Other big- mitt operators, and the witness was 'unable to say Just when certain re mark* which he terifcutee to Gardner arere me4e. Hw*v*r. % teetlfled that from police interference and that he re ceived money fftr entering into that agreement that Gardner made him prom ise not to fleece citizens of Minneapolis* that he himself went further, of his own accord, and said he would not "skin"1 any one who lived in either Hennepin or Ram sey counties and promised to do his b.e*t to see the victims did not ''beef" to the police. The $1,000 proposition, Edwards saya, was ^aade on the night he was first intro^ duced to Gardner. "Gardner a3k Norbeck to step out of the room," said the witne'ss, ".and then he said to me that business was good and we could afford to pay $1,000 so the 'old man' could have it when he got back. I told him that would be agreeable tb me, if Link Crossman would agree to it. Gardner said he didn't know just what we wanted, but that it must be good, if we could afford to pay that much for it. 'I don't understand it,' he said and so I showed him how I done it. He produced a deck of cards and I showed him a trick in tnd poller and explained now we sliun people with it. He said it might,be all right, but he couldn't see it. 'Well,' I said, 'we*'can see it easy enough.' Then he asked me if we skinned people who lived in town and I said no, not even peo ple who lived in the county but only out siders. I said we always left them their ticket or money enough to get out of tow, and that I would have one of m y steerors stay with them until they left, so that they wouldn't go down to police headquarters and -beef about being done .UP. - " ' . . ' . ' . . - - " . - ' ' ^r "He asked how many men I would have -.., to put to work and I told him as many as 3 I could. I said there weren't enough in town and I would have to send outside to get them. Then-I told him I would have to have ten anyway, and that they * wouldn't come here, unless they were guaranteed police protection, and he re pifed that would be all right.* He had his coat off and a star on his vest. I asked himwhat:he worathat4or,.6ort of joking and h e said 'I need" it in my business." 'Why, ybu ain't -a" detective are you ?' said I.. 'I don't know yon and I know all Ihe detectives.' Norbeck had come back into the. room before that and he answered me. 'He's-the whole thing, all right,' he said. Then Gardner told me he had the handl- ' fn'g of the graft and the women. He said he would give \}S protection, but could' not give us a receipt for our money. T h e Hig Mitt Outfit. "He asked what I would need to carry oh the business, attd I told him only a. table, four chairs, a pack of cards and some poker ships. I said we'd have to have steerers and that I was broke and would have -to get the monev to start from Link Crossman. Link was there that night and Gardner says,. 'Link Is pretty stingy, ain't he.' 'Yes,' I says, he is. That's the reason I've got to go to him. He don't spend money like I do.' Trie "Vrnew Grossman and ne promised to try and persuade him to go intothe deal." "Did you have any talk about where you should open this big mitt joint?" asked Mr. Smith. "What does big mitt , mean, anyway. I don't know." "It don't mean, anything," responded the witness. "The newspapers used that wprd, ancl^o that's what we call it. I don't know, except that the ' newspapers , invented it. We talked about location and I said we would open up in some quiet neighborhood off the main streets." Later Gardner met Edwards, Crossman . and Howard. He had known Crossman \etox and Vtad "doneo-visiness witn "him." At that time the' demand for $1,000 was.. cut first to ,$500 and then to $200 and Gardtfef had "again repeated that the rmayor must have at least $100 a week. Crossrran sa*ld the division, was all right but refused to pay so much in advance, saying that something might happen. Th6 $200, however, was finally turned over. "When Gardner first talked to Cross man about it J^ was there," continued th# witness. "He said: 'Are you thinking of going into business?' Link Crossman said he might, that he had been talking things^ over .with me. 'Well,' says Gerdner, 'I think pretty well of the scheme and so does Edwards, and Norbeck. It looks good to me.' Link asked why it was necessary to pay so much down and Gardner told him. He said: 'If you get to the old man with $1,000 no one can knock you. ^ , There's Tanner. He wants all the joints. ' - I've had an awful time, with Tanner but once you've paid $1,000, you'll be all right, i ^ . No one can knock you then.' "Crossman wouldn't pay it. He- said , we'd have nothing tp show, for our moneyr^Sj: and that they might give us the horse--'I laugh. Gardner said he'd give us hti r word of honor that everything would be all righ^ if we paid the money, but Link wouldn't do It. Finally Gardner said he would talk to the mayor about It. If we paid the^ $1,000, he said we could run ten weeks without bothering any more about the mayor, but that we'd have to pay him and Norbeck $50 a w.eek e a c h . ' ^ . A State W i t n e s s D i s a p p e a r s . - Ernest A. Wheelock, private secretary to Chiet of Police Fred Ames, who also i i , under indictment, was in court this morn- Vn|5, armed .wistn a sfcenogfapner's note book. Drawing his salary from the city, he will nevertheless make a transcript or all* testimony given in this case for the use of the defense. Meanwhile, the chief will worry along as best he can, without '.' ' a secretary. '. During the noon intermission to-dr '^' the discovery was made that one of the state's witnesses named Henderson had disappeared. He was last seen In company , with a man vitally interested in the de fense. A pench warrant will-be issued."" for him, and interesting development* may be expected if he can be found, w'jpn^ D e f e n s e Is O v e r r u l e d . ^ J'^|, At.the opening of proceedings tbJiL morning Judge Harrison ruled' t h a i , it was "unnecessary for .the state .to- '--now '-tne': ' commission bt any prime'oh the-.part- of either Crossman or who are.alleged to have paid Gardne "protection" monejj, holding that an agreement to protect a criminal from . arrest for some crime which might be committed in( the future was in Itself criminal In a' police officer. The other points raised by the defense in the uo tion made late Thursday afternoon, to e x ^ elude testimony- jwete awo oref-maed ' the court ordered Assistant Sowsty iAUJ '! 3 r