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jSli flp Hilt'..- tft: i. r-W a cj 1 FRANCE TO WIN IN MOROCCAN PARLEY Berlin Says Kaiser Sees Madness of Attempt to Humiliate the French. Journal 8pecial Servloe. Berlin, Jan. 13."There is storm enough now," Emperor "William re marked to one of his suite when he landed in Morocco in a howling gale last spring, it is now recalled. "But I have a sort of feeling that time has in store a bigger storm still if Buelow .gets his way in this affair." The emperor's views upon the Mor occo question have undergone a com plete change. At the time of the first publishing of the agreement between France and England, by which Prance was given a free hand in Morocco and England was allowed full swing in Egypt, Em peror William said the agreement was equivalent to an alliance against Ger many and must be opposed at all haz ards. Imperial Chancellor von Buelow did not agree that it would be oppor tune to take action at that time. After a struggle the emperor acquiesced. Emperor's Views Change, Then came the emperor's visit to Tangiers. Already his opinions had be come modified, and it is absolutely cer tain that the speech he made there to Moorish notabilities, promising that Morocco's sovereignty and integrity should be maintained, was made en tirely at von Buelow's sugestion. From that time until the crisis in the nego tiations with France the emperor's mind was steadily changing, but, while he was becoming more moderate, von Buelow was getting provocative and bellicose. Since last August the emperor has been pouring oil upon the troubled waters. He is now convinced that it would be madness to make any at tempt to humiliate France. France knows this and is acting accordingly. Everyone here who can see behind the diplomatic curtain believes that on practically all of the issues at the Algeciras conference France will come out victor. On the question of policing the frontier she surely will win, pos sibly conceding to Germany unimport ant points with regard to matters on which money is involved. France Counts on England. Journal Special Service. Rome, Jan. 13."The moment that France presents her demand for a guar antee regarding the policing of the Algerian frontier the discussion of the Moroccan conference*, will become seri- ous.'^ This is the Opinion" pf a- high-,Wife Italian official, who added: "The frequent armed incursions of Moroccan bands of Rebels compels France to adopt strong precautionary measures, and on this point the French government counts on the support of England and Italy. "The German representative at the international conference at Algeciras will advocate the policy of the open doora policy which was accepted by all the powers, tho with certain re strictions relating to their respective interests. "Spain will insist on the elimination of all territorial concessions under the protectorate of foreign nations on the Moroccan coast, and in that demand ehe will be supported by the representa tives of the United States, France, Italy and Austria. For Moroccan Independence. "The representative of Italy, sup ported by representatives of Austria and the United States, will propose that the nations represented at the congress guarantee the independence of Morocco under the sovereignty of the present sultan and the ..establishing of interna tional neutrality at Tangier and also of the formation of a neutral zone around the town. "In addition the Italian delegate will propose the 'establishment in Mo rocco of zones of Spanish, French ahKil German influence, Spain to have the controlling influence on the Mediterran ean shores, Germany on the Atlantic coast, France on the Morocco-Algerian frontier, a tract on either side of the line of demarcation to be declared neu tial, while Italy will have charge of the international police in the town of Tan* gier. Proposals Already Accepted. A preliminary exchange of views has already taken place between the interested ministers and the greater part of these proposals have been ac cepted, so, except in the event of un foreseen, but highly improbable fric tion, all things point to an early and peaceful settlement of the Moroccan question with the entire consent of the interested powers. A special agreement between France, Italy and England will guaran tee the right of Italy in Tripolitania and the eventual occupation* of that territory by Italy.'' Warships Ordered to Europe. Journal Special Service. Buenos Aires, Jan. 13.It is an nounced^that several foreign ministers here have received instructions to or der war vessels of their respective na tionalities n'ow in the South Atlantic to return* home immediately. The or der is probably connected with the Mo roccan question. MADMAN FIGHTS POLIGE THEN GOMMITS SUICIDE Special to The Journal. Milwaukee, Jan. 13.After a desper ate fight with two policemen, an un known man, Supposedly insane, commit ted suicide at the residence of Jacob Kunkel by cutting his throat with a razor. Two officers, Herman Mar- Snardt ^nd George Boerner, were ashed by the maniac. As a result of the encounter the room in the little cottage on Wright street looked like the interior of a slaughter house. Kunkel is convinced that his own life was saved onlv bv the wav he humored the man for nearly three hours, during the most of which he and his four chil dren were alone in the house with the madman, and during the latter part of this time. Mi. Kunkel's wife also was KAISER AND CASTRO 'YASSAR HEIRESS' BOTH WORRY PRANCE "WHO'S AFRAID?" SAY VENEZUELANS South American Diplomats Show Little Fear of French "Big Stick." Journal Special Service. Washington, Jan. 13.In French cir cles it is declared that orders to move against Venezuela will be cabled to the warships assembled at Martinique, which is only forty-eight hours from the Venezuelan coast. But the Venezuelan diplomats shrug their shoulders and "Well, what of itf 'There are only four ships at Mar tinique," they add. "The Venezuelan coast is 2,000 miles in length. A pa cific blockade cannot be established it is contrary to international law. Thirtv per cent of the customs receipts of La Guayra and Puerto Cabello are pledged by treaty for the payment of the claims of the powers which block aded Venezuela 1902. The other powers, including France, are receiving a certain percentage of the duties col lected at other ports. German Interests in Way. A blockade, therefore, will not in jure Venezuela alone/ It will affect France and other powers. Suppose France orders the bombardment of a port German and other foreign busi ness houses are maintained at all ports, and view of the strain already exist ing in the relations between France and Germany, growing out of the Mo roccan question, it is unlikely that the French ships will be ordered to take any action which would destroy German property, wherever it may be. They will not dare send ashore a small land ing party. President Castro has a large army and, besides, the whole country would flame up with patriot ism if any European power placed troops withiri its borders. "Finally, France must consider the effect of intervention upon public sen timent in America.'' It is a philosophical way of looking at the matter, but it is the Venezuelan, not the French view. There is no doubt that France is in a temper over the Continued on 2d Page, 6th Column. CHICAGO WOMAN SINGER MURDERED of Pwttnltte^Mlter, Her self a Leader in Musical Circles, Slain. Chicago, Jan. 13.Mrs. Bessie Hol lister, 30 years of age, the wife of Franklin C. Hollister of the printing firm of Hollister Brothers, one of the largest concerns of its kind in the city, was murdered last night by Richard Ivins, 24 years old. The body of Mrs. Hollister was found this morning lying on a pile of stable refuse in the rear of the Ivins resi dence at 368 Belden avenue. Around the neck was twisted a fine copper wire and death had been caused by strangu lation. Confessed to Crime. Ivins, who pretended to And the body, and reported the fact of the mur der to the police, confessed to the crime a short time after he had been taken into custody. His statement to the po lice, in effect, was that he was at work in his carpenter shop near where the body was found, and that when Mrs. Hollister passed by he attacked her, and when she resisted he dragged her into the carpenter shop and killed her by twisting the wire around her neck. He then went home and remained there all night. This morning he went to the barn, ostensibly to perform some work, and, pretending to find the body, rushed into the house and reported to his father, and later to the police, that the body of a woman was lying on the heap of refuse near the barn. Ivins, in his confession, said he was drunk at the time of the crime, but this is denied by his mother, who says he came into the house and ate his sup per while perfectly sober. Last Seen by Friends. Mrs. Hollister left her home yester day afternoon to attend the funeral of a friend, Mrs. Emma Semple. When she left the house she intended to stop at a florist's and order some flowers to be sent to the funeral. That was the last seen of her by any of her friends. The flowers she ordered arrived at the funeral, but Mrs. Hol lister did not appear. After waiting until 7 o'clock for her return to her home, Mr. Hollister informed the police of her disappear ance, and an all-night search, which proved futile, was begun. Early this morning the body was found. Judging from the appearance of her clothing, Mrs. Hollister had made a desperate iight before she was killed. Mrs. Hollister was a woman of per sonal charm, handsome, and had for years been prominent because of her voice, which was considered to be of extraordinary quality. She frequently appeared at musical entertainments here. EPIDEMICS MENAGE GHIGAGO, HE AYERS Chicago, Jan. 13.Members of the city council finance committee have been startled by. a request from Health Commissioner Whalen for an emergen cy appropriation of $10,000 to check the spread of scarlet fever, diphtheria and smallpox in Chicago. Dr. Whalen painted the situation in alarming colors. The commissioner related the fight waged in scarlet fever in several sub urban towns and declared that, instead of growing better, conditions had grown worse. Diphtheria, he said, was spread ing rapidly, and smallpox has been found twice in the last forty-eight hours. More help in the isolation hos pital was needed, he said. STORY WAS HOAX Girl Who Worked as Servant and Told of Sudden Fortune Has Vanished. Journal Special Service. Pittsburg, Jan. 13.Katherine Gray, the alleged Vassar girl graduate who has been working as a servant in this city for the past four months and who claimed to have at last come into a for tune of $300,000 to $500,000 in. United States bonds, has disappeared. Super intendent McQuade of the Pittsburg de tective force is looking for the young woman and also for a man who. is be lieved to have assisted heT in carrying on her hoax. Two weeks ago she received a letter telling that her father's fortune of more than $300,000 in United States bonds, which had disappeared when he died, had been found. Attorney W. G. Stewart was called in and the girl furnished with money to go to Washington and meet her uncle, Colonel John Gray, at the Wil lard hotel. No Colonel John Gray was found there. The girl's employers then demanded that she show proofs of her claims and she indignantlv quit their service on Thursday and has not since been seen. Inquiry at Norfolk and Eiehmond discloses there never was a Senator Asbury Gray and that no Colonel John Gray is known in the former confederate capital. TM N O DOORMAT,' LAWSON SHRIEKS Boston Man of 'Frenzied Finance' Hurls Defiance at Peoria Club. Journal Special Servloe. Boston, Jan. 13.Thomas W. Law son will not be a speaker at the Wash ington's birthday banquet of the Creve Coeur club, Peoria, 111. In a letter mailed last night to H. M. Pindell, chairman of the banquet committee, he says: I find there is some objection on the part of some of your members to my speaking at your banquet. I would, therefore, ask your courtesy in cancel ing my engagement. It was only at urgent and repeated requests of your officers that I consented to accept. While thanking the large majority of your members who have shown their confidence in me, I must, in justice tov myself, say this: 'I would See your club, and every other club in America, in hades before I would humiliate myself by i*fctmg at their board with the knowledge tha* I was not a welcome guest to any sin gle one of my hosts.' "The curs of the system have seen fit, in the furtherance of their sneak thievery and 'manly' warfare, to ad vertise me as having some game I want to work off on the American people. I have no game. I want neither th.e American people's money, office, nor anything in their gift. As I pay my own way, and as I took up a task which has brought down on my head the hatred and machinations of every financial pup in the country, I am. and will be, as independent as a Fourth of July Yankee with a hide full of hard cider. Under no circumstances do I offer myself as the "doormat for the American people or any section thereof." Representatives Martii? and Bdrlce have recom mended John C. McMillan for reappointment as postmaster at Sturgis, S D. STANDHfGIAT'AS REPUEIGAN-PERIL McCall Tells His Party Associates They Must Revise Tariff or Lose Control. SAMTTEZ, W. McOAXL, Bepublican Congressman* Who Calls for Tariff Eevision. Journal Special Service. Washington, Jan. 13."If the tariff is not revised,within the next two years by the republican party -we shall cer tainly have the democrats in power and then will come the deluge,'' was the statement made in the house late yes terday, by Eepresentative Samuel W. McCall, a republican member from Massachusetts. Mr. McCall is an*ardent tariff revis ionist and a member of the committee on ways and means. "The governor of Massachusetts never spoke a truer word than when he said in a recent statement that if the campaign in that state had been' on a stand pat' platform the election would have been lost to the republicans," Eepresentative McCall continued. These two' statements caused much discussion among the standpatters in the house. Led by Speaker Cannon*, the republican majority has refused to believe the statement made as to the desire of the people at large for a re vision of the tariff. Mc. McCall, made his speech on the Philippine bill and said he intended vot ing for it because he believed the peo ple of every part of the United States, whether insular or otherwise, were en titled to the same treatment us the'citi zens of any other part. Mr. McCall is regarded as one of the most conservative men "in the house. He is not given to m^Mi^^ald predictions and statements^a&d ffecause of" this his remarks attracted'luue&h attention and comment. 3 Present indications point to the pas sage by.-congress of a maximum and minimum tariff bill before March- 1, on which date the existing commercial treaty between the United States and Germany becomes void thru notice of abrogation. It is believed such a measure will enable the president to meet all customs discriminations -im- posed by Germany or other foreign na tions against American manufactures. The proposed bill would fix the mini mum rates at those now prescribed by the Dingley tariff act. The maximum rates would be limited to a 25-per cent increase over those offered by the Ding ley act. Guayaquil, Ecuador, Jan 18 The British pte*mer Santiago, which left here yesterday, took to Panama the body of Thomas Nast. the car toonist and former American consul here, who died of yellow {ever Eec 7, 1902 From Panama the body \1H be taken to New York. MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM BENEFITS, AT LEAST. There is talk of congress adopting the maximum and minimum tariff plan. Haven't we something'! of that sort in force at present^ iimvvm/jrt*v-r*"*tvvvvi-irritatr*vvvrv&v vtjrnvs.v*.v xsvxxx9xm*** Aju&jucKAj^AA^ikxjea^i^^ JEROME IS AFTER INSURANCE HEADS New /York's District Attorney Will Fulfill His Pledge to Prosecute. New York, Jan. 13.It can be stated authoritatively that District Attorney Jerome will prosecute those officers of the big insurance companies who have violated the criminal laws. No pubho move will be made by the district at torney for several days, or probably not until after Jan. 20. There are reasons which prevent him from taking the public into his confi dence at the present time. These rea sons, it is understood, involve matters which have an important bearing upon the success of any prosecutions he may begin. The district attorney feels keenly the criticisms which have been leveled against him for his seeming inactivity in life-insurance matters. Jerome could not explain the cause for delay of prosecution without jeopardizing the success of the undertakings he has in view. When asked why he had made no public move in the seventy-two days which have elapsed since he made his promise to prosecute all guilty insur ance officials, he declined to discuss the subject. It is known, however, he has been preparing for an investigation by a special grand jury which may be sworn in next month. NEW EVIDENCE IN THE PATRICK CASE Proof of His Innocence Is De clared to Be in Hand, to Give to Governor. Journal Special Service. New York, Jan. 13.New and start ling evidence is to be presented to Gov ernor Higgins, Monday, to prove that Albert T. Patrick, now in the death house at Sing Sing, awaiting execution on Jan. 22, never killed William M. Eice, and, in fact, that Bice died from natural causes. This information comes from Dr. Allan McLane Hamilton, whose petition asking for clemency for the condemned man is to have a hear ing before the governor. "Patrick's counsel have evidence to show that neither Jones nor Patrick killed Rice, but that he died a natural death," said Dr. Hamilton. "Out of courtesy to the governor I cannot give the names of the witnesses, but their testimony will convince anyone of Pat rick's innocence. "The lawyers are ready to give the evidence to tftF governor, either by affidavit or by verbal oath, of at leftist eight witnesses to whom Jones on his return to Texas spoke on the convic tion of Patrick. They will swear that Jones Baid that he was no murderer, and had lied because the district at torney had him in a corner and had accused him of causing Bice's death by giving him mercury. They are ready to swear that Jones said he had invented the chloroform story to save himself and that Patrick was innocent. "This confession would not be worthy of attention were it not for the facts that were presented in the scien tific evidence which conclusively prove its truth. "Patrick's counsel for the last four or six weeks have had a searching medical examination carried out by three pathologists of international reputation. All of them are prepared to say that Rice died from natural causes.'' Simple Services Over Remains of Fireman Hero Attended by Many.r W. S. AMSDEN I S DEAD THE TENTH FIRE VICTIM CAPTAIN BERWIN IS LAID TO REST Funeral services over the remains of Captain John Berwin, the hero of the West hotel fire who fell to his death while saving the life of another, were held at Bethany Presbyterian church, Oak and Union streets SE, at 2 o'clock this afternoon. Long before the time for the ser vices all the seats in the little church not reserved for intimate friends and relatives were Allied with persons who had known and respected the brave fireman. They sat in reverent silence while the remains, escorted by members of Oslo lodge, Sons of Norway, in full uniform, were being brought from the Berwin home atr 304 Walnut street. A short service was read at the homo and only the family and intimate friends attended. The services at the church were eon ducted by Kev. N. B. Thvedt, an old friend of the family. He read the ser vice in both English and Norwegian and spoke feelingly of the honest and upright life of Captain Berwin, calling attention to the many times he had risked his own life that others might be saved from death. He also -spoke com fortingly to the widow and the four small children who are left without the protection of a husband and father. Among those who attended the funeiv al were Chief J. R. Canterbury and As sistant Chief Hanley, and representa tives from each of the fire stations. Chief Canterbury relieved as many men from duty as could be spared that they might attend the services. Fire de partment headquarters were closed all the afternoon and all those employed there attended. At the close of the service at the church the members of Oslo lodge formed a marching line and accompa nied the remains to Lakewood ceme tery. The body was buried in the fire men's lot, in accordance with the ritual of the lodge. MAHOUT THE WORD FOR AUTO DRIVER Mark Twain Solves a Problem and, for Himself, Banishes "Chauffeur."' New York, Jan. 13.Mark Twain has solved a nation's problem. He has found a substitute for the most ma ligned and unpronounceable word in the new language of automobilingchauf feur. This word, which he declares, is said in' nine different ways, all of them wrong, he would abolish, and establish "mahout" in its place. Mark Twain announces his discovery in a letter to Harper's Weekly to which this quotation is a preface: Scarcely had Watchman Fowler taken his post at the sate when a procession of strange creatures appeared. "Halt! Who goes there?" ejaculated the watchman, when a fat negro ap proaohed, laboriously leading a thin, bow legged goat. "Dis heah beast is ole Ironsides, suh," exclaimed the goat's mahoutFrom "Dan'l the Bulldog," in the Times. "When I read it." the letter says, I recognized witn a thrill that the right word had been found at last mahout. The 'mobile, that majestic devil, that impressive devil, is our ele- fhe thant, he is in* a class by himself, like jungle monarch to be his master, pilot and compeller is a post of%solemn and awful dignity and danger, ami it does seem me thatproperly that measly word chauffeur'to does not fit the oc cupant of it. Chauffeur is a good enough word when strictly confined to its modest awa rightful placeas you will see by what Littre says about it. I translate: 'A chauffeur is the firer up on the street corner, peanut roaster in English, stoker.' A good enough word, you see, in its own place, out when we come to apply it to the ad miral of the thunderous 'mobile or of the mighty elephant we realize that it is inadequate. No, stoker is not the thingj chauffeur is not the thing ma hout is the thingmahout is the word we need. Besides, there is only one way of saying mahout, whereas there are nine ways of saying chauffeur, and none of them right. With ever increas ing respect, dear sir, as the ages roll on, I am yoursMark Twain'." 1 MARSHALL FIELD IS MAKING GOOD FIGHT New York, Jan. 13.Marshall Field, who is ill with pneumonia, rested quietly during the night, according to a statement made at the Holland house this morning. There has been appar ently no change in the patient's condi tion since last night's bulletin, which said that the disease had not extended. The physicians in attendance said that it was not possible to give the pulse and temperature of patients who were suffering with pneumonia for they varied greatly at different stages of the disease and the figures would be simply misleading to the public. The opinion about the hotel seems to be that Mr. Field will surely recover. The physicians, it is said, are quite satisfied with the situation. Dr. Frank Billings. Mr. Field's family physician, who reached here yesterday, spent the night with the patient, who, it was said, was greatly cheered by the pres ence of his old friend. TYPHOID IN PITTSBURG SUBURB. Pttsburg, Jan. 13.An epidemic of typhoid fever prevails in the borough ?'here Wilkinsburg, adjacent to this city, are now more than a "hundred cases of the disease and several deaths have resulted. The board of health is unable to find the source of the con tagion. Samples of water taken from fublic springs have been brought to his city for analysis. ONE MOREADDED TO ROLL OFDEAD W. S. Amsden Dies from In juries Received in the West Hotel Fire. William S. Amsden, superintendent of the Minneapolis & Northern Eleva tor company, who was burned in the West hotel fire early Wednesday morn ing, died at the city hospital at 1:45 p.m. today. Mr. Amsden is the tenth victim of the terrible fire to die and he suc cumbed to injuries after a long, heroic fight pluckily against death. He was in his room on the seventh floor of the hotel when the fire broke out and the flames swept into the apartment, burn ing his body annl filling his lungs with deathly hot air and poisonous smoke. He was found unconscious by the firemen, who carried him out and har ried him to the city hospital in an ambulance. At first it was thought that he was only ^slightly injured and for a time he improved tinder the care of the physicians. Thursday afternoon he began to fail rapidly and then the physicians gave up hope of saving his life. He lingered until this afternoon, when he died, having been unconscious since yester day. Mr. Amsden's relatives were all in California at the time of the fire. His mother died in Los Angeles the night he was injured. His brother, C. M. Amsden, is on the way to Minneapolis with the remains of the mother and will reach the city tomorrow. With the Injured. Miss Mary Rowan, who is also at the city hospital, is recovering, as also is B. W. Swisky at the same hospital. Mr. Swisky has been declared out of danger. Gordon Sapp and Mrs. B. D. Barlow are out of danger and improving at St. Barnabas hospital. Lamme's Body Sent West. Lieutenants Charles C. Bankhead, Thomas H. Lowe and John R. Stackey from Fort Snelling escorted the body of Clinton Lamme, the West Point ca det who was burned to death at the West hotel, from Hume & Davies' un dertaking rooms to the union station today. The procession left the undertaking rooms at exactly 10 o'clock and went directly to the union station, arriving there at# 10:15. Edwin Lamme, father of the victim, also accompanied the re mains to the station and will tike them on to the\*amily home in Bozeman, Mont. The remains were taken on the Northern Paeifjcr express leaving Min neapolis at 10-30. The unei. and interment will be atr Bozeman. Wolfe Funeral Tomorrow. The funeral of J. E. Wolfe, a West hotel victim, will be held under the auspices of the B'nai Brith at 2:30 p.m., Sunday, from the Johnson & Landis undertaking parlors. 56 Seventh street S. Friends are invited but are requested not to send flowers. The burial will be at the Montefiore ceme tery. The brother and sister of William Block, another fire victim, have arrived from New York and will return this evening with the body. The funeral of W. G. NichoHs will be held from the residence of Thomas Taylor, 3343 Ninth avenue S, Monday at 2:30 p.m. The funeral will be pri vate. MB. AMSDEN'S MOTHER DIES Death Was Nearly Coincident with Her Sou's Injury. Within a few hours of the time that W. S. Amsden, superintendent of the Minneapolis and Northern elevator sus tained ^atal injuries in the West hotel fire, his mother, Mrs. S. S Amsden, died in Los Angeles, Cal. The message that conveyed the news of the dangerous condition of Mr. Amsden and requested his brother, C. M. Ams den. to hasten to Minneapolis, arrived near the death hour of Mrs. Amsden and its reply bore intelligence of her demise. C. M. Amsden, of the Pillsbury Washburn company, is now hurrying to the city to attend his brother. He is bringing with him the remains of their mother. He will reach the city tomor row. W. S. Amsden is yet ignorant of the death of his parent and the news will be kept from him until his condi tion improves. Mrs. Amsden was well known in Min neapolis, which had been her home for several years, prior to her removal to Los Angeles two years ago for the bene fit of her failing health. In addition to her sons, she leaveB a brother, City Treasurer C. S. Hulbert. RESCUE WORK DONE Fire Stations Report on Work of Sav ing Life at Fire. Some of the reports from the sev eral ftte stations were handed to Chief J. R. Canterbury today, showing the rescue work done by each company at the West hotel fire. Hook and Ladder company No. 1 res cued five men from the top floor with pompier ladders, and Hook and Ladder company No. 2 rescued ^Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Spiesberger from their room on the seventh floor. Hook and Ladder company No. 3 carried five persons down the ladders from the fifth floor. Truck No. 4 rescued seven persons by taking them down ladders flace in the alley at the rear of the building. No. 4 chemical rescued one nan from the seventh floor and engine company No. 6 took two persons from their rooms on the seventh floor 6own the laddeTS and carried four unconscious men down the stairs. Engine company No. 2 rescued Mrs. Barlow and Gladys and Dorothy Maybie and Mrt Aarons. The full report has not Tet been made, but will show much moire rescue work done during the fire. NAMED REGISTER OF TRTSA8URY. Washington, Jan. 13.President Roose velt today announced the appointment of W. T. Vernon, principal of the Qulndaro Institute at Qulndaro, Kan., to be regis ter of the treasury in succession to Jud son W. Lyons. Charges were preferred against Vernon, but they were not sus tained by the Investigation mwfm by di rection of the president ?v -1-