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G8TH YEAR.
YOI.LMK ?*
M.MIIKR 7
RICHMOND, VA., MONDAY, JANUARY 7, 1918.?TEN PAGES.
? i:\tii i;k.
PAtiE 3
RAIN
PRICE, TWO CENTS
Sweeping Reduction in Scr
vicc Made on Order
of McAdoo.
.0C0M0TIVES TURNED
TO HAULING OF FREIGHT
Drastic Step Is Taken for Relief
of Present Shipping
Congestion.
?KMl''ItRACil-: R A T K S IIAISKD
of Delay in ltclcusing Cars fur
Further Service Is Marie
Prohibit ive.
W ? ] | l N <; T ?? N. Januar> t>.? An
onncement \^as made to-night at the
flic* of D.f-i lor-'.Jcnrral McA?l">o th-t
pproxin>a.tel\ p.i3scr.;rr train? had
con taken off the three principal roads
perating cast of Pittsburgh g :n<:c mid
neh! last night.
Nearly 100 through pa..-.-ci:ger trams
Tf eliminated from the Pennsylvania
chedulei*. tn"te than fifty from th"
.'ultimore ahO Ohio and about th
ame number from the New York Cen
rj?l and New Mavcn I;x?. These wcie
ill parlor-car itains or trains <om
iC'iCJ mostly of cha.r <ars
Lotsmouve icli*.-%cd l?y the cutting
ft of the*e tfainr ivi!! be turned to
lie hauling of coa 1 and generally te
ievtns the freight congestion.
No moi e passenger trains will be
iiopped off in tie immediate future,
ut trie director-general may make a
urther ruling in tlie number of chair
ar* allotted to some train.1, which lie
?onceded yestcrda;.. lie raid he would
illow four to . orne train?, but. .n all
ikellhood. tiu:i '* iil bo reduced to i
>ingle chair < a: <???.i ? ome train:* to
iccommodate ill prisons o; the feeble
.in nearly all of the trains the chair
ar will be i ul out entirely.
If A f lt-? A It s| | | AT ION
< m>i: or r o\ri sion
une of th- ciuef .auses tor confusion
<nd complain: at the railroad stations
as liren brought about by the chalr
ar Kttuation. When trains had been
?sniveled person? holding chair ticketj
>\eir told to t*ke the next train with
heir tickets Duplication and endless
:<j'ikbbir.> ensued Other passengers
uvr complained of favoritism in ob
aining teat:4. being refused scuts at
lie ttailon when they 'aid they knew
ukets mero being : old uptown. Mr.
.IcAdoo will !ni.e definite and imme
Inte steps to abolish this nuisance and
nake u impossible for any one to ob
riin hn advantage in tr..\e
Disarrangement of passenger s^ned
lies in the last week. As.-istant Direc
tor A 11. Smith reported, was pro
noted largely bj the number of per
rons returning home from holiday
*v-lta. 11e added
"A shortage e>f labor at cngine
i*iuse terminals i? preventing engines
from being turned promptly and get
:ing V.aek into service.
"Tlie tonnajf rating of trains ha?
jeen reduced on account of cold to
-xpedit" transportation of coal und
^lodutuffs. IInibarso'1 and diversions
tre being employed wherever neces
ary and po.-^ihle.
?There is plenty of voal at Hampton
lloads b'lt ships arc low in unload
ing. due to the severe weather and
,'tr frozen condition of th" coal. Tem
perature in the coal reg.on is ?? he
v?w zero, reuniting in water ma in;'
'reezing and hampering operations.
There i? a heavy accumulation of
reight at tidewater port-7. .Ships are
?callable, hut labor for loading them
is very scarce, as also is labor for coal
ing."
rtAli.noAii nriMi itrt \?.i:
IIATKS I.N( ni'AMlD
To promote mote prompt unloading
?f lreight cars. Director-General Mc
Adoo to-day established new railroad
lemurrage rules for domestic traflic.
"fTeetive January 21, continuing the
l>rcfcnt two day:.' free time, but pro
viding for increases ranging from ;>0
o 1 no per cent in charges thereafter,
rite director-general appealed to sliip
nrrs and consignees to co-operate in
releasing cars to meet the national
-mergencv and to make special efforts
-ven before the iiighcr demurrage
'barges go into effort to clear terminals
?.i a contribution to the success of th?
w% r.
The new demurrage rates, approved
:?y the Interstate Commerce Commis
sion. on request of the director-gen
?ra<. are per car for the ftr.*U day
ifter the two free days. VI f^r the seo.
? nd day and ^l additional for each sue
reding day until the charge per day
eaehes $ 10. This maximum then will
ie charged for every day or fraction
hereafter. Kxlsting ?.einurrago rates
in iiios*. sections of the country are $1
for the. first day after the two day.4'
,'ree time. *2 for the second day. for
lie third day. $? for the fourth day and
'or each day thereafter. Kvctt these
ittes are several times higher than
hose, which prevailed a year ago. and
ivhich were raised last spring when
onfteftion on Kaster? railroads be
,-anic acute. Much higher rates are
?linrged on the Pacific Coast and in
>everal other districts.
NO C'llAXfiB in IIATKS
on r.xroiri I'mniiHT
' No changes will be made, for the
present in deinuiTago rules or rates
Sn export fre.igbt. The new regula
tions. said Mr. McAdoo's order, 'Vfie
?ifically contemplate the cancellation
'if all average agreement provisions
fjf existing tariffs." Hailroads are In
structed to tile tariffs embodying the
! *"^Continued on Second l'ajfe.)
French War Loaf
Weighs Seven Ounces
r All IS, .lannury H.?Only the Tery
poor and mm and ivomru doing thr
hnrdrnt kind of manuul labor ma*
hn\e more than aeven ouneea of war
bread a itu; in France fram now *n,
thr food admlnlatrat ion han brtn a H -
>inrd l>y the Krcurh noTrrnmrBt.
The entire l-'rrnch "hf?( crop haw
hrru rr<ini*lt lonrd by the Rorrrn
meot.
Thla aacriflce haa hern aceepled
hy the French people uncomplain
ingly on the Rot ern men t'a explana
tion that only undrr auch restriction
can American re-en forcrraro t* he
tramportrd in ahlp* (bat otherwlar
would carry crnln for their bread,
aud tbat, in addition, thl* cralo far
French bread ran come from Amer
ica only by virtue of actual navin;
hy rrducrd consumption of bread hy
thr Amrrlran proplr.
"Thrar eitremrly iirirre meaa
nrr?." aoid the French ilalrmrnt.
"raprdally the aetrn onncra a day,
havr drrply Imprranrd public opin
ion."
Mrn nh? a rr Trry poor ar ubo da
bard manual labor cd nbout twenty
onr ouocra of hrrnd a day; women
nil# arr Trry poor ar who arr rra
ployrd ao bard work erf ahool ?e*
ratrrn auncrn a day; efrry oar elae
K'l? ?f?rn nnnrea, which la leaa
than half of a paond loaf, or not
more than four or flte altera.
FSTE OF Bit. CIM1EBLIN
SOON WILL BE WITH JURY
Sensational Goochland Murtler Trial
Kilters Upon l'inal
Chapter.
Is I 1 T l> K M O It K TKST1MO.N V
l)cfrn>>e Has lew More Witness?"*,
and Probably Will Close Case
Tlijs Afternoon?Strong Circum
stantial KvWeute Against Doctor.
I P.y a Staff Cor: eipondent. ]
MUOCHLAND COL'RTHOL"ftK. VA .
January *>?Willi th? iccuseol still in
thr stand aft'r nearly 1*0 da;.? of
direct and cross-examination, the trial
of Dr. Asa. W. Chaniberlin. alleged
murderer of hi-- brother. Judse Albert
Putnam Chamberlin. will be resumed
here a*. 10 o'clock to-morrow, wl.en
lawyer.* anil court officials return from
distant homes, where they spent Sun
day.
When court adjourned on Saturday
altcrnoon l>r. v'hamherlin had ju: t
completed an all-day battle of wits
with I- O. Wendenburg. privat* i.'oun
1 employed to a d the prosecution,
and was in the hands of his own
counsel for redirect examination. U
i* expected that this will b? completed
within half <?: hour after court opens
to-morrow. Following the accused,
the defense will introduce probably
half .? dov.cn witne-->er. hoping to cio.'e
;ts case to-morrow afternoon. It is not
thought the .State will introduce any
more witness*.".
I am; MAV RK IN HAM)*
OK .11 IIV TO-MORROW
Tuesday evening should lind the case
;n the hands of tic jury.
While cvid-Jiicc .igais.vt the a cui-ed
physician is entirely circumstantial,
tho outlook is cxcecdingl** dark for
him. The State thinks it ha;' estab
lished a motive for the crime. The
doctor's own statement as to ihe in
gratitude of hik brother and the chR.rg'2
that his brother betrayed secrets which
re: ilt'd in hit being he;ivily fined in
.i ease charging illegal prescribing of
whisky tit his practice, in Iowa, has
trengihened the State's contention that
lit. re was a motive. Added to thij,
there; is no proof that .lirde* Chani
berlin wis seen ali\e after the do, -
tor'3 admit too visit to his home on
the night of Monday. October OJ. ic
' was t.n this visit that ihe doctor al
leges that he paid his brrther the
atnour.t of a note over which it is
? or.tetidod tlicy had quarreled bi:*er1y.
The doctor now holds this note, re
ceipted and signed, it is admitted 1> ?
the State, by .liicige ChaTibertin >,'u
part of the Jl.USj alleg.-d to ha\e been
paid the judge, except a $."> bill found
on the floor by Funder F.ritt soon af
ter the judge WrtS, missed. ha* i^ej
located.
The judge's body was found October
-?. decapitated and dismembered, un
der several posts of a fence in the
I doctor's yard. This discovery was made
after Dr. t'hatnberlin's arrest, lie con
J tends that the body was placed there
while he was in jail. He charges that
'there is a conspiracy against, hiin.
; pointing out that the conspirators
picked a night on which he was alone
at the farm to fasten the crime upon
i hitn. lie has spent only three nights
alone on Ihe farm since ho came to
Virginia, he says. "It was on one of
these that tnv brother disappeared ?
what more propitious time could the
i murderers find to implicate me than
when I have tio witnesses to prove my
| statements?" ,
STIIOMi tllin MSTAVI IAI.
kviimincf. a<;ain*t him
I Subsequent to the lind'.ng of the body,
the State has proven, bloodstains were
; tound In the ball and on the stairway
' of the doctor's home; the. judge's watch
land strong box were uncoverid in out
I of-the-way places: a bloodstained saw
land a jumper Jacket, on which was
: ticking a ?'beggrar-lottsc" covered with
blood and a tiny bit of muscle tissue,
i were found hanging in the apple house.
\ The doctor admits ownership of the
,saw and the coat. Dr. J. M. Whit
field. coroner of Richmond, an expert
] chemist, says the blood and flesh aro
of the same nature as human bloou and
; :lesh.
Dr. Ivonis K. l.cake. coroner of Gooch
land, an expert in anatomy, examined
the body of the murdered man. lie
testifies that it could not have been
i (Continued on Seventh Page.)
I
READY FOR PEACE
View Expressed by American
Leaders After Perusal of
, Premier's Speech.
ALLIED AIMS ARE REVEALED
Lloyd George's Plans Contrast'
Strikingly With German Aims
Set Forth by Count.
WASflr.N'GTOX, January 6.?Germany
ir not ready to ta.'.e the < ours-j to an
honorable peace wiiuh l.loyj Gor^e
; : Mle'tty showed u? -. This is th
privat r.pmion of olftiiials here aft?r
;t careful perusai if yesterday s ?pcech
by t!->e l'r.ti..h I'rifii" Minister.
?The tiu!(d aims h?vt been revealed
in detaii. Thev are :!.ofn lo h-! based
t hi ons houf. not on -ie'.firh interest. bu*.
Oil nb:-t *act justice io all ? fr.en l. en- ?
? my a rid neutra 1.
In this respect they contrast :"-ik
ingly with the German aims ar s?-t
forth by Count Cze rit? n at I3rev;: Lit
ovsk. It is believed accordingly that
the t. urden of the vr>'intiatlo i of hos
tilities las been ileJir.itely shifted to
Teuton shoulder.*.
That Ocimanj i? soitig t > Assume
this burden is in'ii?.j.,.ed by news rc
jceived in official -carters hero to-day
tliat Germany ha: broken off negoti
ations with Russia because of the in
sistence of the r:u.?3ian deL-galer that
tii.- meeting- he transferred to Stock
holm or iorr.e oihe: neutral iltyi This
cause {r the rupture of th<: negoti
ations Is regarded a? t n.vr- pretext.
"*Vere Germany ready to proceed in
tl. path ;ndicstc*J by Lloyd George,
it tpointed out. ^h^ w ould gladl>
have th?- regotiaiiori removed to sonic
point whTc they would be mor.j ac
cessible to the entente allies and to
allied opinion.
?Suggestion? tr.ofio ?<?. officials here
to-night that the Lloyd George speech
opened the path to pe?it_e v. eie f.-ovr;.?,.
upon. The features of the speech r. hi^ i
apparently ha\. most deeply impress
c d Aifit riijin oliiciais are these:
l J ne greater clarity mth whicb
i Lloyd George expresses President Wil
son's distinction between the German
peopie ar.d the German government.
-. fcVitl with which he has depicted
the details of the entente Him? n?
bas"d or. justice r?t!ier than interest.
Oflicia'.s of the administration have
a.-ay. been chary of defining just
what. President Wilson meant in his
1 ep..? t 'j tj;e Pope iiy his refuse! t^?
treat with "the present masters of the
1 German people.'' u has never been
officially either denied or affirmed that
;he United .States would de.T.and a. rad
ical change in the German Constitu
t:on. It ha? been stated that the
President did not me?n that the
Kaiser muii go. But no further ex
planation has ever been vouchsafed.
Officials to-night teem satisfied with
the attitude of Lloyd 'Jeorge o:i this
subject when he declares that, with
out presuming to dictate to the Ger
man people, a reform of the German
Constitution would be accepted as the
be.-t guarantee that Germany could he
trusted in the negotiations which some
oay must he opened.
I he administration is still careful
r ot to indicate specifically to what
length the Ln:ted States will go ii
w.istaining the allies in their aims with
regard to interna! dispositions in Ku
rt pe. Lioyd George's speech i = to
!'*5bt considered to have made that
! decision easier for the United .State,.
lo-da\ at Mount \'omon Secretary
Oi St:i*e Lansing to!d the members of
the Serbian mission now here that
.Serbia and the United States were light
ing the same tight for liberty. So far
"s such art informal declaration can go.
the speech was interpreted a? pledging
the I nited States to see the same meas
ure of justice '?fi'eetcd in the Balkan?
as Lloyd George indicated
FORMliH PRKSIDKM TAI'T
SPEAKS 0\ WORLD PKACK
N'KW TOUK,- January t'..--Peace can
j come only after every nation ia con
\>nced that all military conspiracies
acainst the peace of the world are fore
doomed to failure, former President
T aft declared in an address on "The
? tireat W ar in Brooklyn to-day.
"Peace is not a question of terms."
. he added. Mr. Lloyd George says Ger
many must cede Alasce-Lorraine
| before the war can end. There is much
lo i-upport what he says, because the
i forty year;-' rule of the provinces by
Germany has failed to swerve the pro
ple s allegiance to Prance. Wo must
convince Germany that she. is beaten,
and it may be that the ceding of Alsace
Lorraine would he a marked standard
of her defeat. Kut. after all. terms
;arc secondary: we niust be sure that
democracy shall be protected from
militaristic conspiracy for the future."
what nniTi.su (anon
I.KAOKRS SA>S OP SPKP.l II
LONDON. January 0.?Arthur Hen
derson, leader of the Labor party in
?the House of Commons, to-night stated
it was his opinion that r.ritiah labor
would welcome Premier Lloyd George's
| statement of the aims for \\hich Great
jj'ritain is lighting in the world war.
j "In some' respects." Mr. Henderson said,
"it immediately embodies the princi
ples and the objects which labor, at our
recent confercncc, deiined aa essential
to the war aims. Labor stands for the
absolute freedom and integrity of Bel
gium, Serbia, Uoumnnia and Montene
| pro, and for the establishment on a
| firm basis of a league of nations and
i peoples for disarmament and the prc
j vention of futuro wars."
(TRAFFICTIED UP
BY FALLING SNOW
Drifts Seven Feet Deep Halt
Chicago Street Car
Scrvice.
ONE MAN LOSES HIS LIFE
Terrific Gale Sweeps Through
Windy City. Hurling Icy Par
ticles With Great Velocity.
< "II l-.WWO January ? F? ,- ric : >w
driven by a t"nir?.y-tive-mile ove??
the Central to-day. ha. ve-v i-e
riously irnpoicfl truffle of ..'l ort".
Hallway trmspo/tation ofhc.al- retri
ed to-night that trains op-rating be
tween Chicago. ftt. l.oui.= . ''rr.oh.i a.ul
Kans.-is City wtrc "IwO per t.e.nt delay
ed " with <1 inKfr of total tie-up- o?
t coming more imminent every hour.
In Chicago. whein th* sr?? .-lorni
v. as declared to be t:.i worst iiu?;
i- it? rl tiilr city fcr many .??'?a:-*,
far traffic virtually ? .j u'..u rido-.*,' h
the h.urfa< c hn?.s. Snow began tailing
at 11) o'clock Saturday n>ght. >m! b'.
nishtf.il! to-day the v. ind h:?d b'-.frt
it into drifts seven feet ar.d rro
nigh in all thoroughfares.
Weather Bureau ofticial.? heid cut lit*
tl? hope of an early ahatmvn; of the
htr nr.
Th<-re \riii no automobile trafTi . Hun
dreds of car* were a handover!, so.t.* al
most buried by the drift The street
cleaning bureau found .t impo:. :!>' t?
work in thr blinding srov .
<- ne 'iea.lli une to the storm wa.
reported late to-night. .Tor?ph II. Hil
lerir.a.i. seventy, was ov.-rconie ;n i
: t niggle with tt;* sr. ow wbilv or. h s
way home.
Careful work cf I'laymond t'urhai
' ook County fuel adm mist ra :oi. '. .% -
protected Chicago from a:;y fear of :i
V?'.' 'aniln* bscaaso of the b:isiard
I his ruitemcnl w;;s made to-ni?ht J.
? ii orfie II. Cus.hing. editor cf the '.
l>iar.-.o:ic" a coal Journal.
Tiio storm proverf too much for the
; treet-dcanlng bureau. Three hundred
men responded in the loop to .Superin
tendent .Mitchells call for a..J. but thev
found it impossible to work
Cold weather will follow in -.he waka
of the blir.zard. The Weather Bureau
says the wind w.ll have subsided some
time this D".orn;r.g. but the mercury i*
expected to j;o to 10 above.
All of Illinois i? suffering fiosn the
snowstorm. Peoria ii snow-bound to
night, and traflic to and from the oitv
if at a standstill.
Nearly every town in :he Fox R.ver
\ alley was snow-bound yesterday. The
wind followed th* course of the river
and Piled snow high in a:i the vallev
cities.
I.Ici tr..- traffic on the Aurora. ISlgin
ar.d ? hicago Hailroad was maintained.
I u'. electric cars in both KIg.n and Au
rora were put out of order early. The
suburban systems *crc put out of con;
nv.ss ion.
TK.HPER ATI Hi: HARMCR;
NEW "\OHK (if|> COAL
YORK, January ?>.?Ninety-two
barges. Udcn w .th approximately
000 tons of coal, were tied up to docks
?n ^ oj n i..\ty to-day. and. coupled
Hith warmer weather, a^.sured relief
for the city's population
Fuel administration officiu Is were
optimistic to-n'ght. and. while admit
ting that a .shortage in eoa! probably
would continue for some time, pre
dicted that *h" critical period had
pa s:-eri
The maximum temperature to-day
was :*.4 degree.-', while the minimum was
3? degrees early this morning l'ros
pects ?:-e for continued moderate
weather, the Weather Bureau said.
Mlt.WAl KKi: l.V tinip OF
i n n a > r> s ,\ o wstor si
.MIL.WAUKKi:. WIS., January ri ? In
1 he. grip of the worst wind ar.d snow
storm in many years. Milwaukee is
practically isolated to-night. Partly
fiat off from communication, the. city
impossible Of entraoco. Sixteen
inches of .--now fell in tweiity-four
hours to-dav. and was driven before a
gale that in led the streets with mon
ster driftr.
Street car service is practically at a
standstill. Telegraph and telephone
service badly interrupted.
Predictions to-night indicate that the
storm v. ill continue to-morrow.
Tonvtno wnxjcKS niir.niMis
IX KOI ISIA\A TOW X
I.KKSVII.I.K. LA.. .January 6.? A
thorough search of the ruins of build
1 ings destroyed by the tornado which
struck here early last night failed to
'reveal any fatalities. Mrs. J. ,f. Frank
lin. caught under the. falling walls of
her home, was said to-day lo he not
seriously hurt. Ten other persons rc
jceived minor injuries. About twenty
buildings were completely destroyed
and about forty houses damaged.
TKMiT.nATi nn soaks a*
BOSTOX liters M(!Ri: COAL
T:nsT'?N". January ?. ? A ri.se in tem
perature to :iu <legree.s and the arrival
<<'oniinued on Sccond Page.)
Delay May Mean Death
to Soldiers "Over There"
Spend,' bnt npenrt nUrly, Save,
mid *?ve rxromtl.T. Hoy Mur Sa>
Iir* Stamp*, Do jonr duly to-day.
Delny here meniiri death ,,o>er
there."
Itlehmnnd ntinien hate responded
nobly lo the nation-wide War Sav
ings I ainpaljcn. 'I hey call upna
every iinmin in |be home or hnw
Ineas or cooimrrriat world !? heed
Ihe country's vail lo bay Thrift
Stamps and War Sai logi Stamps.
Labor Leader Issues Proclamation for
National Labor Loyalty Week Next Month
I
MIW AORIv. .lannary I!.?Aincrirn
l? lo a monster lahor loyal
ly ilrmui^lrntion thr n rrk of I.in
i'uln'< hirlhdus bfeinninc I'fbronri
lt?. 'I hi* mo? Irarnrd to-ilay thronch
x proclamation Issued by Snotlirl
lioinprm. prmlilrnt, and n statement
by Itobert Matsel, director. of thr
Amerirati Mlianrr fur l.alior and
llcmormrr.
President t.oiuper*'* proclamation
isiurd lo all lor.il hrnnrhe* of
the alliance nml to all c?ntrnl lnhur
bodies >miinlrd ?ltb the \nirrli'?M
I'ederntion of l.abor throughout the
I nileal J*tate?. 'Ihr alliance's ex
ecutive acted throuuh Air. tiompcrs
in planning {or thr d r ni on* t rat ion.
Million* of pirers of loTnll r 1 i t ?
f rmnrr nrr to be distributed. and
rafllnt^ held from lunat to const
during thr loyaltv on m pa ign. Mnss
inrctlnt*. probably nrrrdlnc lit Ml in
niimhrr, will hr held ni I.lncoln's
birthday, February 12. hornr local
ities arr riprrlrd to orcanirr drm
vnolntlon* ?bii'k v??ll viiBlinic
ibmuKhout the week.
"W r |il:m to inakr tilt* l??nllr.
week dr rtioost ra t Ion onr of the tno*i
powerful blows yet dealt at cnun*
propaganda in America." declared
OirTtor tn-sislit. ??Thr proc
lamation b? President liompfr* nnd
the r.ifcoti?f council explain* the
reason and tbr pnrpii?c of thr pro
posed dimomtratlun. and ?c baxe
every rraann to expect thr fullest
rn-opfration, not nnlj of thr lornl
branches of thr alllam-r. hut ?>f the
nliolr urganirrd labor movement.
\\ r plan nl*n to make a Hie national
rici\r for iiirnihrrship during the
xxrek. in orilor that ?nrl> may go
on nflrr I'ehrtiary lf> tilth tn?Tea*rd
i itor."
President t.outpers'a proclamation
rem!.*, in part :
"It ia All in a upou exery proper
niTasion that the loyalty of Ameri
can* to our country and our goxern
mrnt should be made manlfrat, not
as a mutter of empty ahoir, but a*
a rocnrrlnR demon*! rat Inn of the
solidarity of thr prople of nur na
tion in this great uar,
"Thnt tic may the more thorough
ly and effectively demonstrate our
solidarity and our unity In brbalf
of our rrpublic, the e-iecutive coun
cil of the American Alliance for l.a
bor and Democracy ha* directed that
the tieek of l.iucoln'* birthday l>c
uSiserxcd a* a loyalty Meek, and I
hereby call upon the Morkinc peo
ple of America to participate In the
observance of thr xieek. beginning
Miuday. I'eliroury to, a* ?l.ahor I.oj
alty \\ eels,' for the purpose ol" dem
onstrating labor's intense loyally to
America, for tlic purpose of incr?as
Ing and iriten*ifylng that loyalty.
??It is requested that all hranehe*
of the nllianre, in co-operation x?itb
all local bodies of organized labor,
nrrnnge and hold mass-meetings on
t.iurnln'n birthday, l-'ebrunry 12, and
that they distribute patriotic liter
ature and make tiae of every oppor
tunity to spread ttye inspiring mes
sage of America's aims aii4 ideals
among their fello ?T-unrker? and
other frllOH-cllitena."
DANGER OF STARVflTION
THREATENS ALL EUROPE
Komi Shortage in Allied Countries
Mas Reached Really <"rit
ical Stage.
RHONDDA MAKES STATEMENT
England Mum Submit t<> Compul
sory Rationing, While Trance and
Italy Cut Allowance to Minimum.
Enemy Nations Worse Off.
I Bv Associated Pr?n*.l
WASHIXGTu.V. January 6.?The foo-1
situation in the allied countries <>f F.u
ropc is graver than it hat been at any
11 ri?; Fino the beginning of the war.
r.nd Is yivins American government of
ficials deep ronccrn. Official reports
picture extreme'food shortages In I;tse
land. France and Italy. The fact that
conditions n Germany and Austria arc
far T\orse offers tbe only ground for
optimism in viewing the situation.
In England and France the situation
i? described as critical in a cablegram
to the food administration to-day tro.n
Lord nhondd.i, the British ;'oo<i control
ler. which concluded with these words:
"I view the situation with grave
anxiety."
T ctlerday a cablegram from the
FVench government t=ald that the wl-.eat
'Top had been requisitioned and that
the bread ration would he cut to al
low only seven cunccs of bread daily
to all persons except the very poor and
those doing hard manual labor. In
Italy* conditions are not as pood, per
haps, as in either England or France.
COMPI I.MOH'V R VI'IOMXfi
TO RE STARTED I> ENGI.AXD
Compulsory rationing: will be .it:.rt
??d in England immediately. with nieats
the first commodity to be put under
control. Distribution of butter .m<j
margarine will be taken in hind
next, ar.ti other foodj will he added
.'.K they bp..o.-ne scarcer. All of the
principal foodsluffs will be rationed
by April:
"f have repeatedly said in public and
private that there is no reason for
? immediate alarm, although there is
'very mcon for strict economy and
. precautionary measures." said l.ord
I.hondda's message. "These sl'itenients,
in some instaneep, have been twit^i
i into u declaration that there is p|< atv
I ot t'ood in England and France.
''1 he food position in this o-mntrv.
and I understand in France also, can,
without exaggeration, be described as
critical and anxious. As I am now un
i at le to avoid compulsory rationing.
1 fear it t\ ill have to com?\ with inng
queues of people awaiting in the se
:\ere weather in practically e\er- town
in England for the daily necessaries
of life."
Compulsory control of foodstuffs in
| England. France and Italy was insist
! "d on by the American dslepatois tr. the
Paris conference and was promised at
1 that time.
POPE SENDS GREETING
I r^es People te Upturn to fieri, \\ jih
Vletv ?f Hastening: End ??f
.111.if or tunc.
mr Associated Prerj.l
FluME, Saturday, .January G.? In
I thanking the Itoman aristocracy to-day
i for their Christmas and N'civ Year s
greetings, Pope Itenedict expressed his
appreciation that the nobility had in
dorsed "our word3, with which we re
cently invited the peoples of the eatth
to return to Codj with the view of has
tening the end of the frightful misfor
tune which has afflicted the world for
more than three years."
"We must return to Christ," his holi
ness added, "in order once moro to
enjoy the benefits of civilization,"
The Pope raised his voice against the
form of warfure used against unde
fended citlfca. and which causes victims
among noneoinba tantu, besides damag
ing churches and art treasures, thus
Increasing national hatreds.
'kskOi'i*rlVThyi!. l.\ . i VI'? .i; - - ^'
! UNITED STRTES TO RUSH
REGULHRE TO FRINGE
Pershing Is l" net-rive Best Military
Men Available at
Once.
! ARMY POIJCV IS CHANGED
Young lUood Also Is to He Injected
In the Official Staff. Who Will Re
Trained at High Speed for Im
portant Task.
WASHINGTON". January 5.?Regular
army divk'iotis still in the United Slates
are likely to see service in France
ahead of the National Guard and Na
tional Army organizations here. It is
the understanding in military circles
that the War department has under
consideration tiie utilization of the regu
lars in preference to other units, a pro
gram which, if adopted, would mean a
certain change in policy.
The extent to which an alteration
in the order of the dirpatch of troops
to Km rope has already been made ef
fective Is not known, and information
of this character is naturally not a
sub.ie? t for discussion, except in a most
geneial way. it is interesting chiefly
as being indicative of the government's
policy to make tltr army in France
tir. t of all effective and eflicient, not
merely with respect to the commis
sioned personnel, hut as to the rank
and tile.
This is being accomplished, upon the
recommendation of General 1'ershing.
by the "scrapping" of the- older ofli
; cers. who are being supplanted by
younger men. a policy which is designed
to bring the lighting blood of the youth
of the nation to the top. To get as
many regulars to France as quickly
as possible now appears to be a part
of a carefully thought-out general plan.
Regular divisions in the United
States are in a more advanced state of
preparedness than the National Guard,
although when mobilization took place;
this was not necessarily so. Under or
dinary conditions, before the war. the
regular army was far superior to the
National Guard in training and equip
ment. Hut tegular regiments a: the
outbreak of the war were materially
expanded, existing units being reduced
to skeleton formation, and the vacan
, cies tilled by recruits. At this time,
when the National Guard was lir.-t
called to the colors, the State troops
were probably superior in many re
spects to the regiments that were, regu
lar in little more than name.
Some National Guard divisions were
maintained in their existing States, but
many of them were expanded by the
'addition of men taken front the draft
army, so that their ranks wore thinned
out as the regulars had been. Hut for
this expansion it is probable that a
great many National Guard commia
i sioncd officers would have been "scrap
ped." as there we.rr too many of them.
State pride and pressure brought to
hear in various ways contributed to
the adoption of a policy whereby Na
tional Guard units were expanded, and
i jobs made for State officer;* who other
wise would have gone, into the dis
? a rd.
If the National Guard units had been
maintained intact the'"* would be fewer
of these divisions to-day. but they
would b^ in a much greater state of
readiness for active duty. Whether on
the whole that policy would not have
been better than the. one .id. pted is
> a matter of opinion.
The reorganized regular divisions
are now : uperior to the National Guard
divisions, and, therefore, more avail
able for immediats duty with the ex
peditionary army in France. Although
their ranks were Oiled with recruits,
as the National Guard regiments were
also, they had the advantage of a bet
ter trained nucleus of regular soldiers,
of better commissioned and noncom
missioned officers and moro effective
i discipline and organization.
The additional officers required for
the regular divisions have been ob
tained by a system somewhat different
from that under which officers were
supplied .0 the National Guard and
~ (Continued oirFourth"page.)
*
NEGOTIATIONS FOR
! PEACE HALTED BY
GERMAN RULERS
Give Russians Notice That
Further Action Is Tem
porarily Suspended.
MEET AT STOCKHOLM IS
ROCK THAT CAUSES SPLIT
Crown Council Decides to Deal
With Question Only at
Brest Litovsk.
li:.\U DIPLOMATS OK NATION'S
Pru**ians Say There's Danger of In
trigue on Part of Allied Xa- ,
lions' Representatives.
I TV% Ax.ioela'ed rr*ss. 1
The peace negotiations between th#
central power? and the Bolshevik gov
ernment :n Russia have been "tem
porarily suspended" by the Germans. '
From the meager advices received, it
sippears the rock upon which a con
tinuation of the pourparlers split was
thc demand of the Russians that the
vonference be resumed at Stockholm,
instead of at Brest l.itovsk. OissalUr
tied with the proposals for peace made
by the Teutonic allies before the recess
of the l?rest Litovsk conference, Leon
Trotr.ky, the Bolshevik Foreign Min
ister had been insistent on the dclib
? rations bcinR held on neutral soil, in
stead of at the German eastern head
quarter.". The Germans, however, had
been equally 113 tirm in their determine- \
tion not to treat with the Russians at
any other place than Brest Litovsk.
German advices Saturday were to the
? tfeirt that the Bolshevik delegates, on
'?indlng that the representatives of the
Teutonic allies were at Brest Litovtk
auditing them, had started for this
town, but nothing has come through
to show that these had any foundation
in fact. The decision of the Germans
I to discontinue the sittings was arrived
at during a crown council held in Ber
lin Saturday, which was attended by
"Field Marshal von llindcnburg and
| General v*oii Ludendorff, first quarter
master-general.
A belated dispatch from Berlin give!
a-- the reason for the refusal of tbt
i Germans to consider Stockholm a plact
: where peace might be ad vantageoiisly
, discussed the fear that British. French
and American diplomats in the Swedish
I capital would, by intrigue, render all
j endeavors futile.
Dispatches from Berlin indicate that
iilthough the Reichstag parties irt the
main are supporting the government,
considerable political unrest is pre
valent. and that strong efforts are be
ing made to hold the Socialists in line.
. The Socialist organ in Berlin charac
; teriiies the situation as extraordinarily
' serious.
Although the. weather continues cold
? &nd much snow lies on the ground In
j Northern France, there has been con
siderable activity by the infantry In
the Arras sector, in Flanders and on
the eastern part of tho front along
| tlie Moselle River. Near Bullccourt the
! British have recaptured in a. counter
attack the sap taken from them Satur1
day by the Germans. There were in
termittent artillery duels Sunday along
the entire battle front.
In the Italijn theater the big guns
of both sides are hammering away at
opposing positions in the hills and on
I the lower reaches of the Piave River.
1 Several attempts by the Austro-Ger
? mans to make headway with small de
tachments between the Brenta and the
Piave Rivera were repulsed.
Tit IK D I'D MOVK PKACR
MKF.T TO M5I TRAI. 0|Tt
!.o.\DC'X. .latiitary t>.?Dispatches re
ceived here from Petrograd dated Fri
day and Saturday, conlirm the previous
reports that rhe Russian peace dele
gation. including Leon Trotaky. th<
jlJclshevik Foreign Minister reiurneO
to Brest Litovsk in an endeavor to ar
range for a transfer of the ncgotia
I tir tim to neutral territory. Tho Ger
man lefusal to acquiesce .n tho UuS
i :5ir?.n demand, sic-cording to the-.e dii
patclns, was based on the fact thai
iheir delegates already had arrived at
Brest Litovsk.
An armistice luis been declared in
the Ikriine region. die Rada. the
Ukrainian legislative body, and thv
; ,Jo!'h< vlki having agreed to a rompio
| mise nf their difference.-j. Tho Ra<?.-.
.is :a.tj to be ready to decline to give
I support lo General Kalcdlne.t a::d'h'i?;
?*OKsnc:\:i in return for the withdrawal
or the Bolshevik troops from the
j Ukraine.
j The Petrograd Post says the Kin*
Roumania has. cabled the ont?*i:l*
allies that thr Roumanians are Oc
:na:ided to continue the war notwith
standing the desires of the troops o~
?he Russian-Roumanian fr- nt, and inn*
M. Poincare, the French President, re
plied. assuring the King of Francc',
sup.p c it.
The French ernrnent has prole*t
ed again: t ;he sei;-ure ,( Frer ch banks
m Petrograd.
I ne central executive of the Work
me;iM soldiers* Deputies has de,
tided to assemble the third congress
I Workmen's and Soldiers* Deputies
January HI. According to M. 5Sinovi?ff.
j 0110 of the Boislio\-iV: leaders. there i.
; no intention to conceal the fact that
the motive for calling the congress 13
to oppose the constituent assembly,
which, in view of the fact that the can
! did ate;; wore nominated before the Of
, tober revolution, may not be represen
tative of the country. Mr. Zipovieff
j says the Bolshevik program will, be
j submitted to the assembly for approval,
land if the assembly Is willing to work
[in harmony it will justify tho hupea