The Washington herald. [volume], May 11, 1913, MAGAZINE SECTION, Image 30

About The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939

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" . . ,,''" -THE ' WASHINGTON HERALD, .SUNDAY, KfAY 11, lW ; ' , I ' " , .
f " ' l ' T
t"
It'
Among Men Who Work 'with H&nd or Brain IHAJ
s t . .
I
v.
Wade Straight Through Problems
to Make the Most of Yourself.
By C: S. MADDOCKS.
i Fsa man Is in prison be leads a simple life.
If he tries to escape he 1b likely to lead a
complex one. He has to avoid detection,
he has to get food) to eat. and most likely
a shelter. The prison pallor or the prison
gait or the prison garb all witness against
him, and no" matter in which direction he
funis he has fears to overcome and dangers
to face.
In almost any narrow way of living a man's
life may be exceedingly .simple, but If he
wishes to escape from this narrowness, un
less clrcumstaribes are much ii) his favor, he
has to blaze a pathway through all sorts of
hindrances, and often very much uphill be
fore he can get to the place of wider 'influence
or outlook. It takes courage: it takes great
perseverance; it takes an unconquerable
hope to do this.
The prisoner, wanting food and rest, hard
beset, and then cornered, confesses himself
glad to be taken back and to be shut up again.
This is largely because he has the character
that brought him to the prison in the first
place. He Is not the sort of a man one would
choose to lead a weaker person, even through
a friendly crowd, and1 the way in life that is
stralghtest and broadest leads through not
only a crowd of people but often a mountain
of physical hindrances, the one as stony ana
unmovable as the other.
Made Up of Few Elements.
The complexities of life are, after all. made
up of a few elements, although any one of
these may have power enough to keep a man
spinning without advancing, like those queer
little mice which -whirl around endlessly in
a spot no larger than that which their body
covers. There Is the complexity of which"
money is the cause; the complexity of which
family Is the cause; the complexity of work
ing with people perhaps many of them.
There are other complexities introduced by
laws, natural and man made, but at bottom
these three elements money, family, society
are what make a man's path devious in
stead of straight, make it difficult to follow
a straight and broad path to a definite goal,
rather than one of many turnings.
Money complexities are often the chief of
rerplexitles The want of money is tver
making life complex, while no one can
have a more complex life than the man who
has a great deal of it. "Where money would
make the path easy and simple, the want of
it makes it most rocky and devious.
It is the multiplying' of responsibilities
that makes life highly complex, whether
these responsibilities are private or public.
It Is because so many men fear to face these,
prefer to live in what bears some analogy
to a prison life, that the path that may have
been started broad dwindles to a squirrel
track.
Hampering a Boy's Development.
There is no gainsaying the fact that many
a youth Is made craven In his bojhood home.
Just as many a man becomes craven in the
home he establishes as a part of his man
hood responsibility. It Is pitiful to watch
many a boy who is hampered in his home
Each Man Has Something to Say;
Ail Tell How to ''Run Things."
By T. S.
wr:,
1 v:
HERE is no more criticism in this
office." said the manager of an ad
vertising company recently. " I've
turned all of the criticism, except a
small per cent that always exists
among the office grouches,' Into office effi
ciency and better business methods.
' Like all large offices, there was alwas
a great deal of criticism going on. Some of
it was just But the majority was unjust and
was, started by the men who exist In every
big business organization and who are al
ways 'agin the government-' The criticism
sometimes reached my ears and I didn't
like It.
" One day a plan came to me. It wasn't
original, for It had already been adopted In
some measure by a number of business
houses. I sent a memorandum through the
office to the effect that every letter of crlti
cl. i or advice would be gratefully received.
Ths memorandum added that all letters of
advice must be signed, but that, no matter
what they contained, the contents would bo
regarded as confidential and would not be
used against the writer, no matter how severe
th criticism proved. A small sum would
be given for every piece of criticism that
could be of practical use and larger sums
would be paid for really good ideas on new
business methods.
" That memo caused some talk, but it did
the work right from the start. If a man
started to criticise some one would say,
"Why not send it in to the boss?' That
would be answer enongh. If the criticism
Moved Offices from Noisy Zone;
Result Greater Efficiency.
By C. R. COOPER.
li"T'
rO be a successful general manager
one must be a good deal of a doctor
in many ways," the active head of
large office force said recently.
" A' man must be able to diagnose
and say w hat the matter is with every one
under his jurisdiction. It was because I
was able to do Just that thing that a nice
iittle raise found its way into my pay en
velope a few months ago.
" Tou see, X had had charge of the office
but a short time. "We were employing a
great many girls and" men with little results
Our salary list was running high and the
outpu wms running low. There seemed no
way to maintain order. The fear of dis
charge did not do it. The force was excit
able, talky, lazy In a great many ways. I
tried my best to figure out the reason, but it
was not until one day when I felt the same
way as the rest of the force that I understood
the trouble.
" Our 'offices at' that time were near a cob
by & father too neglectful, a mother too
solicitous, sisters4oo nagging, trying to work
out his own galvatlon in a situation that is
too complex for his undeveloped powers df
reasoning.
There are innumerable parents who make
boy's or girl's life a perfect haze of com
plexity, in one way or another. If to this
haze is added a school situation that seerns
intolerable a teacher who scolds or Is 6tupid
and unreasonable -then is the child's cup
futl, and as early as possible he begins
divorcing himself from a part of his unbear
able life He can leave schooU.lhinkinghe
cannot endure what he suffers there, but ha
might not do so if he could understand better
Just what was wanted of him at home. He
may be discontented because he has been
" spoiled," and when the first moment comes
that he can revolt in any way he does it by
leaving his school. By this first Independent
action he may put an angle into his path in
life that he would afterward give the world
to have straightened out.
Tasks Will Depend on the Man.
When the home is full of simple direct con
ditions, then is the mind of a man calm
and clear to face the multiplex conditions of
business life. As we may not know tho
inner workings of a man's mind, so we may
not know of the deep satisfactions of home
which have made men veritable steam rollers
in the business world. But, strangely enough,
we do often know about the raw and sore
and fretful hearted men who may fight their
w ay In a sort of vengeful fury, but more often
use but listlessly, carelessly, recklessly w hat
might be splendid powers.
In doing hla work in the world a man's
tasks are likely to multiply and become
yearly more complex, according as he Is am
bitious or unambitious. The" common task
may furnish all we ought to ask, but it will
not furnish all an -ambitious man will ask,
anj more than ho will ask to handle a shovel,
that ho may earn his dally bread, when am
bition has carried him up to the place where
he handles millions. The shovel is a simple
Instrument, and so is the man who can earn
his living In no other way but with it his life
can be none but of the: simplest, although his
heart may possibly be developed to a high,
complexity.
Our lives may become complex through
either confusion or through development. If
there Ib confusion we are either not exert
ing ourselves sufficiently or we are too feeble
to make our way in the stream we have
chosen to swim in. If our lives are complex
through development we may sometimes feel
that we have unfortunately placed ourselves
where a great deal, perhaps too much, is ex
pected of us, but we are likely to have the
supreme .gratification of the praise of men,
than which there are only a few things
sweeter. But. best of all, wo have a gratifica
tion of a sort that the Inefficient, the half
hearted, the unambitious can never know a
gratification that is Independent of men or
things or place, expansive, and supremely
sweet.
WINSLOW.
were a just one I'd usually get a note about
It in a few days. If it were unjust the
criticism would cease
" I put a box, of which I kept the-key. on a
convenient place on the walL There was A
slit in it for communications. I had no set
time for opening It, but always opened it as
often as once each week.
" Some of the notes I received were non-
.se, of course, and were of no practical
va ue. Others, however, were full of bright
business Ideas, many of which were paid for
and ndopted. One quiet young man who had
been doing good wori, but who had never at
tracted my attention handed In such excel
lent suggestions that I called him to me for
a personal talk, found that he'was studying
at night, and raised his salary. He has
more than doubled his salary In the last two
j ears, since the adoption of the plan.
" Many of the criticisms showed the limita
tions of the writers and worked against
thm, of course, but I tried not to be preju
dlcd on account of a letter of criticism I
received, unless it was sent In an unfair
spirit. Usually the criticisms were sent in
the right spirit and proved helpful to me,
for I got a better idea of my working force
and was able to cooperate more fully with
them in their work.
" I wouldn't get rid of my criticism box
now. It has done away with all office talk
cciccrning ' what I'd do if I ran things ' or
' 1 wish I had something to say.' Each man
has something to say about things and he
knows if his criticisms are just they will be
given attention.
ble stoned alley, where teams wero driven
'every day. where drivers shouted, and talked,
and cursed, and where a switch engine made
a noise like well, like only a switch engine
can. On the other side was an open space
where all the noise of the packing depart
ment, tho sound of thumping hammers and
screeching nails, could sift through. It all
came to me like a flash. Noise begets noise,
quiet begets quiet. Where noise is an ac
companiment ofjworfc, such as that of team
sters, or packers, or switch engines, it prob
ably is a good thing. But when it enters an
office it is bad.
" I took the idea up with the owner. The
result was a serlesof alterations that placed
the office in a quiet, 'secluded part of the
building. Another result was that within a
month the force, already cut down, was do
ing a fourth-more work than all of them put
together had accomplished before. And stiU
another result was, as I have mentioned,"
he added) with a smile, " that nice little raise
which dropped into my par envelope."
Whisky Often Is Not Whisky;
American Steward Buys Labels.
By JACQUES STRAUB. ' '
(Winej Steward of the Blackstone Hotel. Chicago.)
CHIEF CHEMIST WILEY has declared
that 85 per cent of the so-called whisky
on the American market Is not whisky
and that the American people are
drinking labels.
t me paraphrase Dr. "Wiley's statement
by declaring that I believe S3 per cent of the
so-called whisky sold to stewards Is not
whisky, and that the American steward is
buying labels.
This may seem an amazing statement, but
I venture to aver that the personal amaze
nent of many would be still greater at actual
results If they subjected their stock of whis
Kles to the expert, or became cognizant of the
origin and history of many a " famous
brand " for which they have been paying a
fancy price.
Now. I want to. give the reason for this
condition and suggest tho remedy. The well
spring in which this flood tide of adulteration
has its soury is section 3 244 of the federal
statutes, where you will find Imbedded the
remarkable words, that any one who makes
a " spurious " or " Imitation " whisky, bran
dy, rum. or gin is to be; known as a " rec
tifier," and can thus proceed to " rectify "
by the paj ment of a small He use tax. These
" rectifiers;" known also In the trade as
"compounders" or "blenders," are now
turning Into commerce over 100.000,000 gal
lons of adulterated whisky each year, for the
fiscal reports of the internal revenue bureau
show that over 100.000,000 gallons of distilled
spirits have been " rectified " per annum
since 1003.
Mammoth Game Against Public.
The census of 1900 declared that most of
the distilled! spirits consumed by the Amer
ican people passed, through tKe hands of these
" rectifiers " and consisted mainly of neutrnl
spirits and drugs sold under -the name of
whisky.
Nor do the fioodg&tesforthis bogus whiBky
open into the brothel, the den, and the cheap
saloon. It is a mammoth game that the
" blenders," or " rectifiers," are playing
against the public.
The exclusive clubs, the fine hotels, the
household! of the bon vivant and the Invalid,
are invaded under disguise. The promoters
of these bogus whiskies have made their
brands familiar names to you and to me,
"With their boundless margin of profit they
spend liberal fortunes in flambeaux that
illumine the night
Colossal electric signs emblazon their
brands In the public thoroughfare. They
send us the cleverest salesmen. Their evi
dence of enterprise appeals to the Imagina
tion. An air of opulence and prosperity cov
ers up the putridness of the fraud and disarms
suspicion in high places.
Prior to the revenue raising period of the
civil war, before the urgent need of federal
finance conferred upon the rectifier the anom
alous prerogative to counterfeit whisky, all
brands of whisky came from an actual whis
ky distillery. Goods were sold according to
their true age and maturity. This genuine
whisky has always had a distinctive charac
ter both when It leaves the still, new and
white in color, and again after it has aged in
a charred oak barrel and acquired an Indica
tive color varying from a light straw shade
In the early states of maturation until, later
along, it deepens to a reddish brown. Now
this color became an index of age,'
Pretends to Have Distillery.
If you go to a real distillery you are im
pressed by the character and color of this
bona fide whisky as it rests in its pure state
behind the locks and bars of a government
bonded warehouse.
The making of this real whisky Intended
to go on the market on its own merit is
expensive to begin with; but to this cost must
be added those which accrue as the years
go by in which th whisky is acquiring age.
Evaporation, leakage, insurance and ware
house attendance make the profits of the dls-
m- r. .!. . ., .,, i
tiller of this genuine article still more can-
stricted, and thus when it is ready for the
consumer it is a commodity rendered rigid In
price by the costs which cannot be evaded.
Now, that's just the point that struck the
" rectifier." "With one finger on section 3,244
of the federal statutes, which licensed him
to "imitate " this whisky, he began to figure
he could save all these costs by the trick of
making "whisky" without any dlstiliery
at all and making It ten years old-" while you
wait." Butabove all and here's a point of
particular Interest he decided to pretend
that he did have a distillery and that the
imitation whls,ky was the real article or a
mixture of two real whiskies and that It, too,
was rendered rigid In cost and therefore
rigid In price, and he actually charged, and
today often charges, more for his bogus whis
ky than the real distiller charges for the
genuine. .
The wide margin of profit in this golden
game of imitation, therefore, goes to the
" rectifier " himself, and had not congress
passed the bottling in bond law In 1807 genu
ine whisky proper would have been practlcal
lyextermlnated as a plain economic propo
sition. There are close to 250,000,000 gallons
of genuine whisky maturing in- the govern
ment bonded warehouses on the premises of
a round thousand of real bona fide distilleries
scattered abott the United States.
,
High Quality Grain Needed.
,This real whisky, of course, ranges largely
from the ordinary brands to the ultra high
grado article. Even in genuine whiskies the
psrfect types will always remain distinct
from those carelessly made whiskies whose
aim is quantity and whose objective is mere
chaffering for cheapness. Tho growth of the
finer bourbons of "Kentucky reDresents fong
years of arduous toll and scientific research.
In his brochuro entitled " The Rule of the
Regions," Col. E. H. Taylor Jr. of-Franklbrt.
Ky. the veteran bourbon distiller, declares
that one cannot exaggerate the vital impor
tance of a proper water in the manufacture
of the finest grades of w hisk .
All authentic geological data show that the
whiskies having the greatest reputation In
"the world, wherever introduced, have been
those produced from water percolating
through the strata of the bird's eye limestone.
The properties concealed In it were stolen
in Its resting and passage through the miner
alized strata In valleyu near streams and
crystal springs gushing from such crevices
and rents, distilleries have been planted
whose product today stands at the head.
No fine whisky cane distilled without the
use of sound grain of the highest quality.
This grain, after being carefully selected,
must not be scalded too high and preferab
not above the boiling point of water, 212
Fahrenheit. The fermentation period should
be nlnety-ix hours, or what is known as
the sourmash plan, which is characterized
by the use of strained spent beer of a previous
distillation combined with the new " mash."
The fermenting process should take place in
large open tubs of cypress wood These large
tubs, succeeding the old time "small tub,"
afford the distiller greater accuracy in tem
perature, gravities, and attenuations.
Must Have Clean, Dry Storage.
After proper fermentation tie " distiller's
beer " is distilled in a clean chambered cop
per still and run to "singlings." the first of
the dual steps so necessary In the distillation
of high grade whisky.
The " singlings " are then distilled In a
copper pot still and from this second distilla
tion we have tho final whisky. This should be
run from the pot still to close to 100 proof.
The proportion of grain corn, malted bar
ley, or rye used in any particular brand is the
distiller's secret, as are the other individual
steps in the process, but this Is a general out
line, to which I might add the sine qua non of
cleanliness throughout tho entire distillery.
Including every utensil used in the production
of the whisky. Then comes the vital matter
of maturation. To age properly, whisky must
have clean dry storage In the ricks of ware
houses which are well ventilated. All such
devices as artificial heat colls are a grievous
mistake and only serve to give the whisky
an astringent woody taste. The correct ma
turing it whisky is nature's province, and
the hig'i class distiller alwavs sees that his
whlskv gets the right sort of storage.
r-uring Cleveland's administration the
question was often asked in congress, " How
is It possible to get these fine whiskies?" " If
we could only go to these r-.jV.distlIleries
and take tho goods right from the barrel
there under the ey of the government custo
dian, we would know we were getting the
real, pure article, but how can we get if in
the open market?" In answer, congress
passed the bottling In bond law.
Bottling in Bond Law.
Under this law, provision is made for whis
ky to be put in bottles while the goods are
still in bond at the distillery. The transfer
to glass Is made under the supervision of a
government officer, who sees that the pure
whisky is not tampered with and this officer
then sees that each bottle containing the
pure whisky 1b sealed with a green govern
ment stamp. This stamp must tell when the
whisky was made and when bottled; it tells
the revenue number of Jhe distillery at which
It was distilled and the name of the distiller.
It tells that the whisky Is 100 proof and the
quantity in the bottle, and that it is bottled
In bond in the government bonded warehouse
under United States governm($it supervision f
This bottling in bond enables any steward
to get bottled whisky pure and unadulter
ated with as much certainty as if he visited
v"e ,1. ,1 ." L T ? ' ' "
goods himself from the original two stamp
" ,
the distillery premises in person and drew the
f tii:nti&.
This law has been a blow to the "recti
fier," who cannot get the government stamp
over the cortcs of his concoctions. This bot-
tling in bond stamp is the line of cleavage be
tween genuine and .the bogus whiskies in
glass
,
Trick Is Done Over Night.
Now, a word as to how the "rectifier"
works in making his spurious whiskies. There
is a distilled spirit known to the trade as
silent or neutral spirit, because it is silent
as to its origin and neutral to ail others. It
Is neither whisky, brandy, rum, nor gin, but
a colorless, odorless, tasteless product, which
can be Instantaneously transformed "by the
"blender" or "rectifier" Into a fictitious
whisky, brandy, rum. or gin by the addition
of artificial essence and flavors, while by the
use of caramel the bogus article can be made
to look as- though it had lain in charred bar
rel and aged for years.
The trick is done.over night in tremendous
volume and mammoth business houses flour
ish in the so called whisky market founda
tioned upon this stupendous fraud.
Many 'a steward has bought a barrel of
whisky and believed ho was paying good
money for a counterfeit, yet I venture to say
that every time one purchases a barreJ of
what is known as " single stamp "whisky be
is getting just, such stuff. There may be a
little real whisky in the mixture to add to
the deception. Tou can rest' assured that ths
quantity' Is small Indeed, yet It la bought as
all whisky. Every time a bottle of whisky
Is purchased without the green government
stamp over the cork, it Js practically cer
tain , that one Is getting: on of these spurious
mlxtxirea
System of Awards a Good Way
of Securing Labor Efficiency.
By IRWIN ELLIS.
LABOR efficiency was' -the keynote of the
address delivered by Charles S.
Churchill of Roanoke, Va., president
of the American Railway Engineering
association, which held its convention
recently in Chicago.
Mr. Churchill spoke Tuesday in the Flor
entine room of the Congress hotel. He em
phasized the results discovered In investi
gations of rail manufactuie and the build
ing of railroad roadbeds and advocated en-.
couragement for" the workers, a system of
prizes where practicable, t '
" One of the best ways for securing effi
cient results from labor is freely to recog
nize any improvement that its Intelilgent use
produces'," said the president. "An em
ployer that always points out the fault only,
without commending the gain, soon discour
ages even the most skilled of artisans. Hu
manity in general nefds incentive and en
couragement in addition to wages.
" I think you and I can recall instances
from school or college days when a simple
word of incentive or commendation formed
a turning point In our lives on some scien
tific subject. Which Is better for a teacher
to say, 'John, you are behind badly, you
failed in two problems'; or 'John, you
solved eighteen outof twenty of the prob
lems given; you can succeed with the others
also '?
" Those of us who have handled tunnel
work under old as well as new methods of
machinery and labor know how under the
old method the darky drill force was kept
together and made to turn out 60 per cent
more work than any other kind of labor
through the Incentive eeng of their leader.
'
Works Well on Track Maintenance.
" "We in America have made great strides
in methodsof getting work done, but we can
not afford to overlook the song of the leader
of te boat crew on the Mediterranean who
keeps the men at vigorous stroke by his fre
quent exclamation ' Gtory to Allah! These
are both examples of good ' team work.'
" Some railroads adopt a prize system in
one or more branches of service. There is
no single department that will answer more
readily to this system than the labor em
ployed upon the-malntenance of track.
" Many railroads have used this system for
years. The Pennsylvania railroad, for ex
ample, has a special committee of mainte
nance of way officers to look after the award
of premiums for the maintenance of track
and roadbed, which award is finally made
af'er an annual inspection of the-road by a
large number of its operating officers.
" The road with which I am connected has
used this plan In a modified form for a long
period. Its annual Inspection awards upon
2,009 miles of railroad last year cost for prizes
less than $1,000. This, however, was not
track inspection by officials, but one of road
masters and track foremen, taken from one
False Worth More than Real;
Some Spurious Coins Valuable.
By EDWIN TARRISSE.
IT seems strange Indeed that a counterfeit
coin should bring far more than the value
it was originally Intended to represent
by its makers. Such was the case a few
ears ago when a spurious ' Spanish
doubloon of Charles IV. of Spain, dated 1S01,
sold for $60. And the purchaser knew that
it was a counterfeit.
The coin was of excellent workmanship,
tnere being really no striking difference be
tween it and the genuine aside from the fact
that. Instead) of being struck In gold. It was
composed of platinum of the purest quality,
gilded.
The intrinsic value of the Spanish doubloon
In gold is about $15 81. The platinum coun
terfeit weighed 420 grains, .which, at the
then prevailing rate of 05 cents a penny
weight for platinum, would give this piece
an intrinsic value of ?17.G0.
Platinum was a favorite metal with coun
terfeiters some years ago, when Its intrinsic
value was about $&an ounce. Many spurious
$10 and $20 United States gold pieces were
turned out, composed chiefly of this metal.
The coins of Great Britain have also beeh
imitated in the same way.
Spanish coins have been much counterfeit
ed, perhaps more than the coins of any other
country. For some years Spain has been re
Took Foreman's "Call" to Boss;
Got Superintendent's Desk.
By C. R.
JERRY MTX.TON was thoroughly angry.
He had been called down by the foreman
for an action for which he was not re
sponsible, and the worst of It was that
the resuff had come at a time when he
felt he was doing his best work. In fact,
that morning he had found a better way to
handle the lathe work which the shop made
a specialty of and had Just started to tell
the foreman of itrwhen the call down came.
Jerry stood for a moment, glaring ahead.
He never before had submitted to a rebuff
like that and he was noc going to do It now.
He started for his hat and coat.
" I'll leave this place," he said. " That
foreman's had a grudge against me ever
since I came here."
Suddenly, however, he stopped. A strange,
reasoning strain had come into his brain. ,
" I'm not working for that foreman," he
Notes from the World of Science.
One pint of gasoline will make 200 cubic
feet of an, explosive mixture about seven
times more powerful" than gunpowder.
The oofflflsh from a scientific standpoint
will be exhaustively studied by a Norwegian
government commission.
The' United States has 24T war vessels
equipped with wireless. Great Britain 213,
France 141, and Germany 112.
A German scientist believes he has found,
a cure for the-smoks nuisance in cutting a-
district to Inspect quite another. Not only
have these awards been Just but each indi
vidual has learned many of the good points
found on the other district. Such an Inspec
tion Is a method of indirect but effective in
struction. Complex Problem Nearing Solution.
"It is certainly clear from what has been
stated bn this subject of rails that human
care and skill will furnish the measure of
future 'beneficial results. In all important
successes I have known, the concentration
of many minds upon the subject in hand
has brought about that happy conclusion.
Thls" problem is a complex and dlflicu't
one, but its solution is approaching; and
fortunate will be that mill or group of mills
that first ,prove they are delivering tougher
and more uniform rails than are now pro
duced. " As stated In the beginning of these re
marks, tnere Is a vast amount of labor em
ployed directly by the railroads in carrying
out the standard specifications and methods
that hays been approved by this association
"This association should keep up to date
In labor saving machinery and devices, and
should? discover and compile records of the
best practice in handling labor with and
without their use. It should also refer to
its quality and the economical seasons for
ltr employment, as well as to Its best super
vision in all branches o railroad construc
tion, maintenance, and operation.
" We- can make pur permanent way and
track in a period of years things of strength,
safety, and beauty through uniformity ac
quired without cost except In the time of
skillful directors and in the abundance- of
standard 'plans and constructive forms eco
nomically followed
Scientific Care Gets Best Results.
" Gentlemen, this is part of our work. "We
are directors of the economical and efficient
expenditure of money. We should hesitate
to ask for more tlll'we have shown that we
are using that in hand to the best advantage,
or until we can prove that we can secure a
fair percentage- of earnings from the addi
tional amount requested.
" The American Railway Engineering as
sociation can aid In the development of rkill
and labor efficiency just as it has developed
and must continue to Improve the standards
of materials and specifications."
Regarding labor in the steel mills, the pres
ident said: '..t:73
It has been found that it Is those mills
which have sought for scientific care on the
part of their men. and which have discharged
others for carelessness, or for misguided loy
alty to their employer In their effort to pro
duce quantity at the risk of slighting qual
ity, that are today producing rails of the
more uniform grade."
deeming counterfeit 5 peseta pieces. These
coins were made by private persons and
were equal to the regular government coins
in point of fineness and weight, the manu
facturers being satisfied with the seignorage
or difference between the face value of the
coin and its value in bullion silver.
So difficult, it Is said, are these IHegal
coins to distinguish from the genuine that
the government has "authorized their re
demption at bullion values. It is said that
but little distinction has been made In Spain
between 4the regular issues and the counter
felts, the two issues being accepted freely
everywhere, and it is declared that it is not
at all unlikely that-a fair proportion of the
Cno.OOOOOO 5 peseta pieces held in reserve
by the Bank of Spain Is made up of the
counterfeit pieces.
Some years ago. when silver had a much
higher value than at present and the Mexican
dollar was worth intrinsically about 05
cents, a counterfeit Mexican dollar came into
the possession of the United States assayers
at the Philadelphia mint. They assayed the
coin and found it to be worth intrinsically
$1 09. It seems that the mine from which
the counterfeiters got their metal produced
silver that was strong In gold. Thus the
forgers lost money by making counterfeits.
COOPER.
exclaimed abruptly as though arguing with
himself. "I'm working for the owners of
this place. They took me in when I wasn't
worth a nickel to them and lost money on ine
until I learned my Job. Jerry, you've got a
little too much .sense to let a thing like this
throw you out of a Job. Now do what you
ought to do."
He left the latheroom and walked to the
manager's office. Simply, and with apologies
f o tho foreman, he told1 his story. Then with
the assertion that he did not believe the
foreman was in amood to receive suggestions
from him right then, he outlined his plan for
the improvement of the lathe-room an im
provement that would save the firm $5,000 a
year.
And that is whythe foreman now tips his
hat to Jerry Milton, for Jerry has discarded
his overalls and sits at the desk marked
" superintendent."
number of 'windows in a chimney, which
admit air 'to mix withtths smoke and dilute
it until It issues froin'the topoC the chimney
very light in color, '
Turning a spigot upside down and pouring
grain alcohol Into It will quickly thaw a
frozen water pipe.
Starch Hour manufacture from sweet pota
toes Js a developing Industry in Natal.
Tomato Juice irtll remove Ink stains from
linen. v
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