The Washington herald. [volume], February 18, 1919, Image 1

About The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939

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THE WEATHERS
Today?Cloudy; probably rain or
snow. Tomorrow?Fair.
Highest temperature yesterday.
41; lowest, 29.
THE WASHINGTON HERALD
TO CONGRESS
Will you sire a living salary to
Washington's public school t#-swh
ers. in v:ho?e hands Ilea the educa
tion of our youth?
NO. 4498
WASHINGTON, D. ?., TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 18, 1919.
FRANCE TO BEGIN
REBUILDING NOW;
DEPENDS ON U. S.
r Decision to Commence Immediately Recon
struction of Devastated Districts Over
shadows Discussions of Peace Conference.
Will Require Millions of Dollars' Worth of
Raw Materials, Machinery, Etc.?Import
Bars to Be Let Down?Reparation Com
mission Meets.
Pari* Feb. 17.-The biggest develop
ment of the Peace Conference today,
one which overshadows discussions of
the "Big Five." Is the intention of
France to begn immediately the work
of reconstruction of her devastated
districts.
This will mean, it to believed, re
moval of the import bars which have
been up since the armistice went into
effect last November and consequent-i
ly will mean a necessity for millions
r of dollars worth of raw materials,
steel, machinery and agricultural im
plements.
p The meat of the matter to business
men in the United States, is that
America is the only nation in a favor
able position to bid for this gigantic
market.
With economic assistance of this
nature France's problem of rehabili
tation will largely disappear.
Ilepurntlon Dinr award.
"Principles on which are based the
r?ght of reparation." again were dis
cussed by the reparation commission
at its session this morning, presided
over by the French finance minister,
M. Klotz.
Signor Chiesa. for Italy; M. Ixmch
eur, for France; Mr. Van den Heuvel,
for Itelffium. and M. Protchitch. for
Serbia, were heard by the commission,
which will meet again Wednesday
morning.
Rumanian territorial claims were dis
cussed at a session of the committee
appointed for consideration of this sub
j~ct this morning. M. Tardieu presid- !
inK.
Renewed pressure was being exerted
on 4he .supreme war council today for
armed intervention in Russia, it was
learned from an authoritative source.
The French were said to have urged
again that military action be taken
against the Bolsheviki on a large
scale, while War Minister Churchill's
proposal was understood today to con
template proclamation of a state of
war. if necessary. The American posi
tion in opposition to a military policy
j^^foained unchanged. j
I.nhor and Women l oom.
subjects, heretofore unrepre
in international affairs, are
Wrssumin^ an increasingly important
r place in the P3&ce work. These are
^ lebor ami women.
interallied equal suffrage advo
cates. having gained President Wil
sons approval of a plan for com
missions dealing w ith matters af- f
r* cting women to confer with worn- ?
en advisors, are now endeavoring |
t?? put th?* leaders of other coun
tries similarly on reeord. They a!- ?
leady have won the backing of |
President Poineare. Jules Cambon
and of Paul Hymans. of Belgium. ?
< ambon pointed out tha| a woman s
rommiMion would be particularly j
valuable in presenting the confer- '
enee with details regarding depor- j
tut ion of women from France, Bel
gium. Serbia. Greece, Poland and !
.Armenia. He said that reports of j
Serbian women being sold at public'
auction in Constantinople and j
?Jr?-?-k girls being advertised at'
"reasonable prices" in Asia Minor |
railed for investigation and prompt!
steps to . rescue them.
President Wilson's statement that'
the confer: nee represents 1.200,000.- j
???mj people, and his emphasis that ;
the lowest workers in the most1
isolated sections of th?- world tig- j
nratively have beeji brought to the
peace tabl*-. has established labor j
??s one of the strongest elements
to considered in the peace set
tlement. The work of the special
committee on labor legislation has
been held in abeyance until Samuel
liompers and other members return
p from Belgium.
Prnnre to Accept Lcugar.
France will abide by the decision i
of the Peace Conference regarding |
the league of nations, whether that
decision is for or against the league, j
ASK EUROPE AID
IN U. S. STRIKE
Federation of Labor Lead
ers Would Make Walk
out International.
New York. Feb. It-American labor
leaders today made the first attempt
in the history of American unionism
to launch an International strike. Fol
lowing an all-day conference. Ameri
can Federation of I.abor officials sent
a message to President Gompers. who
is in Paris. urging him to ask labor
in Europe to withdraw from construc
tion work there i. .ltracted for by
employers In America involved in the
strike.
The cablegram wae signed by Frank
Morrison, secretary of the American
Federation of Labor, and by John H
Donlin. president of the Building
Trades branches of the labor organi
cation.
beaeral strike Called.
The general strike of carpenters and
affiliated building trades in this coun
try was called for today. Members
of the carpenters union also resumed
their strike, taking out with them
members of several other unions, in
cluding elevator engineers.
TV? general committee of the strik
ing textile workers at Lawrence
Mass . announced today that the tex
tile workers of Ix>well are organ
ixlng a general committee, and that a
strike may be called in that city Ap
proximately SO.OOO operatives are em
ployed In Lowell mills.
Chicago movers, teainaters. book
hinders and milk wagon drivers today
were among union councils voting to
Mn the "general labor holiday" called
iv the Chicago Federation of Labor
for April i. municipal election day.
| it was learned on high authority to
day. The French already had ap
! proved the covenant as it was read
| by President Wilson before the gen
eral Peace Conference Friday.
The point made by Senator Bour
geois Is that France is the most men
aced nation in the world, and that
the Germans are figuratively still at
the very door of the French capital.
As a result of this, France, with a
small population. 19 forced to main
tain a larger army than her less
threatened associates. Therefore, he
contends, the league ought to make
'some provision to even up this eco
I nomic strain. Bourgeois does not
favor an international army stationed
permanently in France, but he does
want proportional naval forces, scat
CONTINUKD ON PAGE FOUR.
'Hindy' Now
Issues Pleas
Not Orders
| Makes Appeals to Troops
Who Once Jumped at
Marshal's Orders.
| Colmar. Germany. Feb. 17.?Though
I once more the most powerful and in
1 fluential personality in Germany.
Field Marshal von Hindenburg is re
duced to a point where he has to
i plead with Wis troop* and the German
people, as is shown by an almost pa- |
thetic appeal he issued upon his ar- j
I rival at his n,/ew headquarters here. !
I The spirit of independence has
seized the ranks of the German sol- I
I diers still under arms, and there is i
i a noticeable drop in discipline.
I The offensive Hindenburg ordered i
| against Poland came to a sudden
I standstill even before Forch's armistice \
i terms, signed bv the Germans, put a
I dcfiiur* finis to it. "
Decree* Are Ignored.
I The soldiers council at Bromberg re
fused to recognize any decrees issued:
l by the war minister and the fighting
against the Poles was stopped for the !
sake of electing a new council. Mean- |
while, the Poles captured Grunthal ,
and wiped out an entire Germany com
pany.
In his appeal. Hindenburg says:
"You. my bold comrades, and vet-1
erans of Tannenberg. and the Mas
urian Lakes, hurry to my aid. My ap
peal to Germany's sons must not re
main unheeded.
"Regardless of tribe?whether Ba
varians. Saxons. Swabians or Prus
sians?(the first tithe a German general
has mentioned Prussia last in such an
j enumeration) we are all Germans, j
I* orget what divides us. Gather again
in love of home and discipline and in
confidence in your leaders."
Must Remove Balkans
from Politics, Says
Bulgarian Minister
! ... !
" The league of nations must take
the Balkans out of European poli
tics." declared Stephen PanaretofT. |
Bulgarian Minister, in discussing the j
league's constitution yesterday.
"The Balkans have been the pawns!
jof the Kuropean powers. They have
been willing tools. The league of I
nations must ?nake them really in
dependent. This will remove the di-1
rect cause of the great war and the
source of the world's ills for nearly
a century past."
Bulgaria \ppro>e? I.eagoe.
Bulgaria eagerly awaits admission
to the league after her liability as
an associate of the central powers in
the war has been justly weighed,
the envoy stated.
Regular communication between the
Bulgarian government at Sotla and
Washington has just been re-estab
lished after an interruption of more
than a year. The Minister yester
day received advices dealing with
[ conditions in his country. Recent
I republican movements wero declar-j
I ed to have been only of local sig
! nificance and fhe government of
Crown Prince Boris firmly estab
lished.
An official Bulgarian communique
offers proof of the falsity of Serbian
j charges last November that the Ser
bian Bishop Niklphor of Prizzen had
died of hunger in a Bulgarian prison
camp.
Explain* Bixhop'n Death.
The communique stated that the
Bishop was lodged in comfortable
quarters at Sofia and was treated
for heart trouble and acute rheu
matism by Dr. Vateff, a prominent
Sofia physician, funds for his care
heing supplied by the Bulgarian Holv
Synod.
He died a natural death, it was
stated, and was buried with religious |
honors due his rank. His niece was
with him through his illness and is
now serving as a nurse in a military
hospital at Sofia, the communique
stated.
British-French Envoys
Arrive in Victoria, B. C.
Victoria, B. C.. Feb. 17.?Gen.
Paul Pau. veteran of the Franco
Prussian and the srreat war, ar
rived here yesterday from Austra
lia. with members of the French
commiwion.
The visitors are inquiring into
relations between France, the Brit
ish Dominions and the United
States.
J
Armistice Renewal Signed
at Treves Following Flow
of Old Bluster.
H1NDENBURG IS CURBED
New Agreement Provides
Immediate End of Offen
sive Against Poles.
I'arU, Feb. IT. ? "M.r.bal
KDrh.*1 ujt n rflmin Bullo*' I'
??rd tonlaht. "Informed the
minister* of the allied and ??
.<M-lated of tke "T'fi!"
?nee by the Germana of the
<>ondition.** for renewal of the
nrmintlce."
Thl? >(atrn"l *">" 'aancd ?'
tkr end of a meetln* of the
Supreme ??r t'oanell ?? the
Qual d'Oron). ln?tln(E ?"?
Thr council will ms?l? meet to"
morrow afternoon. wh'it the
Serbian delegation will be
Pari*1 Feb 17?Germany again has
bowed'to Foch. The armistice re
newal was sinned at Treves shortly
before 7 o'clock after the German
commission, headed by Dr. Krzberger.
had tiled to the last to bargain. quib
ble. protest, and even threaten.
"Sinn on the dotted line." was the
answer of Foch to all these attempts,
and. finally, a-- the lime of Kn.cc was
I almost up. the Germans, still pro
testing, signed.
i The agreeemnt prolongs the armis
tice indefinitely, but elves the allies
the right to break oft Ihe truce at
three davs notice if Germany does
not religiously live up both to the
letter and spirit of the terms.
Old master Ite.lved,
Dispatches from Germany show the
Treves conference was the occasion
for a considerable revival of Ihe old
I Prussian swashbucking pirate. Im
potent as ttwy are. the militarists had
| begun to talk of the "shining sword,
and the wrath of the German people
| "once they are stirred.''
Indeed, there are rumors tonight
of a cabinet crisis due to the sign
ing of the new agreement. Count
von Brockdorff- Kantxau. foreign
minister, a man of proved liberal
and anti-Junkerist tendencies, but
! pledged to a program of "peacfc
i without humiliation." saw that pro
| gram endangered by yielding to the
j allied demands on the armisr* e re
] newal. and is said to have rurfigned.
Must End offensive.
Hindenburg. still lite commanding
tik'ure in the fatherlapd from thu
Standpoint, is curbed by the
rtSsr agreement, for it stipulate*
that-the offensive against the roles
' must be discontinued forthwith. It
| is also understood to contain de
mands for German evacuation of
I territories claimed by the 1'oles, but
nothing definite is known on that
j point at this cabling. There is much
I speculation about what the aged
I Held marshal, who has weathered
many a storm, but whose authority
'depends to a great extent on a mili
tary showing, will do now that a
finis has again been written upon
hts plans.
In the German Hansa towns?Ham
burg. Luebeck and Bremen-violent
opposition has arisen to the idea of
yielding to the dictates of Foch. The
irony In this is that it was in these
I "free cities" that the w-iole German
I revolution had its incepton. The
I Bremen authorities have protested to
Dr Fehrenbach, former Reiehsta?
i president, against the surrender of
the German merchant ships, especial
1 ly without German crews.
31 YANKS HOME
I FROM SIBERIA
j ???? ?
Men Return Invalided After
Campaign Against the
Bolsheviki.
San Francisco, Feb. 17. Thirty-one
sick soldiers from the American forces
in Siberia are receiving treatment in
the Ijetterman Hospital here today,
having been transferred there imme
diately after their arrival on Sunday
on the United States transport Sher
idan.
The men brought detailed accounts
of personal experiences in Siberia,
fighting the Bolsheviki.
The weather is severely cold, they
said, and amusements are lacking.
The American position is secure, they
agreed, and casualties have been
light.
The American units have not been
used in the fighting to any great ex
tent, but more as an army of occu
pation.
SHORT CORN
CROP FEARED
i Southern Farmers Urged
to Plant More.
New Orleans. La.. Feb. 17.?A corn
I shortage next year was predicted to
I day by Assistant Secretary of Agricul
ture Clarence Ousley. addressing a
conference of planters, merchants and
bankers from cotton growing states.
He urged farmers to plant less cot
ton and more corn and other food
crop?.
I R. D. Bowen. Texas delegate, in
making public correspendence with
i the U. 8. Shopping Board regarding
inadequate shipping facilities, declar
ed that while American ships are car
ring food to England and other
European countries. English ships
are carrying trade cargoes at higher
rates.
Vice Admiral Wilion Better.
Vice Admiral Wilson is recover
ing from his recent illness and is
aboard the New Mexico, the Presi
dential convoy, said a? Navy Depart
ment message yesterday.
Germans Hope to Gain
Peace Ends by Break
In Ranks of Entente
Viviani Declares Same Old Methods of Trick
ery and Thought Prevails as Those Which
Falsely Lured Them on During War.
BY RE.\E VIVAWI.
Former I'rrmJcr of Franee.
(Written for t ni>rr?ul Service.)
Paris, Feb. 17.?We have come to
the turning point of tho Peace Con
ference. Germany's attitude wince
the election of Kbert a s President
of the German republic appears to
be, from all the news reaching us,
that she hopes to make a speedy re
covery. thanks to lack of unity in
the allied camp.
Tho iron discipline which the Ger
mans are wont to endure with a sort
of voluptuous abondon allows "play
ed-out" men and discredited parties
temporarily to disappear, giving way
to other men and other parties in
order to deceive the world by an ap
parently "renovated" conscience.
At the bottom of this new game
is the same old policy, the same
imperialism; and though the tfcle
of the corporation is changed as in
the case of some business firm, the
merchandise remains the same.
The insolence that -stares from many
of the interviews and speeches by
German leaders deserves attention.
One inay call it intimidation; but,
speaking more brutally, it looks like
blackmail.
Trrroriam Favorite Method.
The German procedure is always
the same; terrify your man in order
to obtain your ends. The psycho
logical error is always the same
with a people whose minds can
grasp only system and has lost all
sense of perspective and perspicac
ity. Before the war Germany
counted on civil war in Kngland.
She reckoned on mutiny by the Kng
lish colonies. She believed these
things would keep Kngland from
putting her entire serength into the
struggle.
But what Germany did was to
solidify Kngland. reuniting all par
ties into a single body. She made
j th** same error with France. She
'anticipated revolution in France.
! What happened was that all the
i children of French soil joined in the
most perfect union of the republic's
j history.
iThe same mistake she made with
America. The United States seemed
too distant a land, detached and Im
mobilized to be of serious conse
j quence. But the enormity of the
German crimes elicited virulent pro
tests from America even before her
hand grasped the sword.
It is. therefore, but natural that
(the same German error should reap
? pettr. What does ii^rjnnrry hope?
(What does she expect?
She watches the Paris conference,
j She sees day after day pass without
j a decision being reached. Chuek
lling. sho hears rumors of divergence
j of opinion, of open dissension. She
{hopes an actual contlict of interests
j might arise. She figures with op
j posing intereHts among the allies,
'and she tells herself that every day
RUSSIAN TANGLE
MAY BE SOLVED
Conference on Prince's
I Island Expected to Bring
Order Out of Chaos.
The American delegation to ihe
Peace Conference will not support
the reported plan of Winston Churchill
for reaching a solution to the Rus
sian muddle, according to administra
tion leaders.
The Lloyd-George-Wilson plan?a
(conference on Princes island?will be
carried out. Already the I,enine fac
ition, the Don Cossacks and the Ukra
ine leaders, have accepted, and the
State Department is assured unoffi
cially that agreement to the plan by
the Omsk government is to be ex
pected. The only element of Russia
which apparently will not enter the
'conference, is the small faction !n
control at Archangel. It was made
(clear today by officials that a solu
tion to the problem can be reached
I without their support.
!
Heginning to See Light.
J Discussing the situation, a promi
nent official said:
j "Events in Russia have taken such
|a turn in the last two months that
we are beginning to see light again.
Jand it is no idle prediction to say the
conference on Princes Island will
j bring together men who are convinced
I'the only salvation for their country
is agreement upon a form of govern
ment which will rehabilitate their
country and make it eligible for meni
ibership in the league of nations."
Socialists Capture
Majority in Assembly
of German Austria
I
I Vienna, Feb. 17.?The Socialists
| have won a majority in the assem
' bly of German Austria in the elec
| tions. The Socialist Democrat lead
ers in Vienna were elected, while
other cities and towns were almost
solidly Socialistic.
I In the country districts delegates
were divided between Socialists and
the Christian party. There were no
disorders.
Delegates elected were: Social
ists, 100; Christian Socialists, 80;
Liberals. 70.
British Plan Conference
to Avert Labor Trouble
London, Feb. 17.?A national Indus
trial conference will be held here on
February 27, the labor ministry an
nounced tonight. v
The purpose of the conference is to
seek ways and means to avert strikes
and And a solution of the menacing
labor troubles in Great Britain. Prem
ier Lloyd George is expected to ad
dress the coi}fereuce.
<+ 1
that is lost to the victorious entente
is a gain to her, Germany.
Presently the idea of raising her
voice?of making a noise?enters her
head. It Is always the same system,
the German system.
Though Emperor William fled like
a coward from the battlefield, his
heritage is in good hands.
After siring up this time-worn
German game, one cannot fail to de
rive from it useful lessons. We know
that organizing a peace conference
Is a huge and difficult enterprise. To
j reunite freemen of different origin
and different culture and to plan
through gathering together so many
men, to settle the world's fate is a
fine and noble idea,
| Autocracy indeed, has a simpler
I method?it uses the sword with brutal
ity, strangles, chokes and crushes lis
j opponents, and amidst the ensuing
j universal silence dictates its law.
Liberty is more complicated. It
| considers reason and conscience. It
is always more difficult to convince
! than it is to kill. It is to the honor
of our generation that the victorious
(nations desire, despite accumulated
difficulties, to follow the path of jus
tice, no matter how craggy that path
I may be.
j Nevertheless, it is necessary to con
; sider the circumstances. Of these cir
i cumstances I shall endeavor to give
' a clear picture in my next article.
[SENATORS PLAN
i LEAGUE ATTACK
l
Antis, Fearing 'Advantage'
by Wilson, to Ignore Re
quest Not to Debate.
j General attack on the league of
| nations plan, which President Wil
I son laid before the Peace Confer
: ence, was decided upon yesterday
J by Republican Senators. It will be
? launched tod... with a set speech by
? Senator Poindexter. of Washington.
? Other Senators who are announced
? to speak in opposition to the plan
| are Borah of Idaho, Kellogg of
I Minnesota and Reed of Missouri,
j Democrat.
I Informal poll of the Senate made
j by Senators opposed to a league of
j nations, is said to show that nc??ror
i posal "*l<j include the United States
j in such an organization will receive
? enough votes to bring about ratifi
cation by the Senate. On the other
hand representatives of the I^eague
to Knforce Peace announced yester
day that their poll of the Senate
shows only twenty votes against.
Would "Beat Him to It.**
Announcement by Senator Poin
dexter that he will speak on the
question is the first indication that
j Senators will decline to be bound by
I the President's request against dis
! cussing the proposal until after he
| has arrived here and explained it In
person. Several Senators in cloak -
j room conversation showed plainly
that they felt slighted by the Presi
dent's request in view of the fact
that he purposes to make an address
on th?- subject immediately after his
arrival. This speech, the Senators
say. will enable the President to get
his side of the case before the coun
try in advance of any expression by
the members of the Senate.
Rather than permit the President
to gain this advantage the Senators
i have decided to go ahead and talk
i about the plan in distinct violation
of the President's request.
May Refuse to Attend Dinner,
j There is considerable speculation as
to whether all of the Republican Sen
ators. who are members of the Foreign
(Relations Committee will accept the
1 President's invitation 10 the White
i House dinner. It Is said that at least
I one Senator will decline to attend
j upon the theory that by staying away
! he will not be bound by any confi
' dence which the President might lm
i pose upon committees. There was a
.time when an invitation to a White
| House function whs properly looked
i upon as being equivalent to a com
j mand, but feeling over the league of
CONTINUED uN PAr.E FOUR.
DISCOVER GIRLS
ON TRANSPORT
French and English Women
Found by Immigration Of
ficials; Officer Arrested.
New York. Feb. IT.?A French
girl and an English girl, both*
! pretty, shed many tears today.
, They had been taken to Ellis Island
| tor a special inquirjr by the imml
1 gration bureau because they h&d
: been discovered comfortably in
stalled in a couple of cagins of the
I United States transport Louisville
when she arrived with American
troops from Brest.
A qourtmartial, is was declared,
! probably awaits a commissioned
j officer and several petty officers
i who had "guilty knewledge" that
| the girls were in the cabin and that
I meals were being served to them
there. Investigation rvealed the fact
that the girls had first stowed away
on the troop ship and later had
been given cabins on B deck. Sev
eral jnen are under arrest, including
the commissioned officer.
Quakes Hit California.
lx>s Angeles. Cal.. Feb. 17.?Light
earthquake shocks which visited
L*>s Angeles and vicinity were en
tirely local in character, according
to the Weather Bureau today.
Th>> shocks were heaviest at
Venice. No serious damage was re
ported.
YANKS IN RUSSIA!
ORDERED HOME
BY PRESIDENT
Announcement Made by
Secretary Beaker in Letter
to Military Committee.
BACK IN U. S. BY JUNE 1
Policy Means, in Effect,
Allies Will Not War
i
Against Soviets.
By order of President Wilson, the
American troops in Russia will be
returned to the United States as
soon as possible, probably before |
June 1.
This announcement was made I
yesterday by Secretary Baker In |
a letter to the chairmen of the j
Houee and Senate Military commit
tees, the action being taken in re
sponse to a cablegram from Gen.
Bliss, sent by direction of the Presi
dent.
The reversal of policy is taken
in conjunction with Great Britain
and in effect is a declaration by
the allied powers that they are not
at war with the soviet government
and that they will be inclined to
accept any solution to the Russian
problem which the Russian dele
gates may approve at the forthcom
ing conference at Princes Island.
Join British at MirmRnik.
I'nder the order of the President,
two American railroad companies,
numbering 720 men, will be joined
at Murmansk by about 1.700 British ;
troops. The objects of their errand. I
as outlined by Secretary Baker I
1. To assure greater safety during
this winter of the allied forces along
the Murmansk and at Archangel and
south of Archangel.
2. The much better supply and if
'necessary the re-enforcement from
Murmansk of the advanced detach- j
ments south of Murmansk and Arch
angel.
3. To facilitate the prompt with
drawal of American and allied troops
in North Russia at the earliest pos
sible moment that the weather condi
tions i#i the spring will permit.
Give John?on Creiit.
Republican leaders of the Senate
congratulated Senator Johnson, of
California, who has led in the fight
for the return of the American forces
in Russia. In commenting on the an
nouncement he said: "The letter
from Secretary Bak - conclusively
demonstrate the utter i ck of fouD*%
tion of every statemen* ? y -
! who have sought to at<? u
[Justifiable invasion,''
Senator Borah, in a -
? men!, said : 1 1 tha
j son has won his fight '&**; 'M-f"
i owe* him a debt of for
i owes him a debt of
; bringing these boys oi | 0^
j In Secretary Baker's
? *T'he desire for the rf
j is based upon the fact
? Wf '
fONTIM KD ON PAGfc
BRITON DEEM?
i U. S. POOR RIVAL
Declares Americans Can't
Do Anything in Line of
Building Ships.
Ixmdon. Feb. 17.?"The American.-,"
! writes Walter Runciman, former pres
ident of tlie board of trade, in the
j Weekly Dispatch, "are building an im
I mense number of vessels, but not of
j the same quality as the British liners
! and tramps. The Americans have lit
j tie experience on which to build.
| "American competition will be much
'more serious if there should grow up
I there a compact body of shipping men
{working together and sticking to their
| business instead of hopping al?out
' from one thing to another, thus grad
| tially regaining the shipping knowl
edge which they lost in the Ws and
j 'iO's.
' "I do not think the Americans will
] beat us at carrying world trade. For
i one thing, the amount of capital they
, put into a 1.000-ton ship, is 40 per
i cent more than necessary. Then, the
'tremendous capital charges necessi
! tate correspondingly heavy insuram-e,
: and the owners get small dividend*,
j The Americans don't like small di
vidends."
TRAIN CRASH
KILLS ONE
Five Injured When Eight
Coaches Are Sideswiped.
Pittsburgh. Pa.. Feb. IT ?Mrs. M C.
Ebaugh, wife of a Philadelphia physi
cian, was instantly killed; five others
were injured, and eight coaches were
ripped open this evening when the
tender of a West-bound freight train
became derailed near Sturgeon and
sideswiped an East-bound passenger
train.
The passenger train, running from
St. Eouis to Pittsburgh, was travel
ling at fifty miles an hour. The freight
tender struck the cab of the passen
ger engine first, then tore the side off
the four passenger coaches and four
baggage cars.
It was first reported that many had
been killed and injured and a train
carrying doctors and nurses was
rushed to the scene. The five se
riously injured were brought to the
Allegheny General Hospital here.
Mrs. Ebaugh was in the first coach
looking out of the window when the
crash came. Dr. Ebaugh. sitting on
the opposite side of the coach, was
uninjured.
Allies May Aid Germans
in East, Berlin Paper Says
J
Berlin, via London. Fet> IT.?"If the
Boteheviki do not cease Co advance."
cays the Berliner Zeitung. "entente
troops will co-operate with the Ger
mans on the Eastern front.",
r
France and Belgium
Must Arm to Check
Foe, Expert View
London, Feb. 17.?"The
principle of disarmament has
died a natural death," writes
"Commandant O.," military ex
pert of the Exchange Tele
graph Company from Paris.
"Inasmuch as the proposal
for an international army has
been scotched, France and Bel
gium are obliged to tale neces
sary steps to protect them
selves against possible, if not
probable, attack."
"DRYS" INQUIRE
j WHAT IS BOOZE
Senator Sheppard Declares 1
Congress Must Define
"Intoxicating Liquors."
Senator Sheppard announced yes
terday that the "dry's" propose to
have CongTess officially define "in
toxicating liquors" within the
meaning of the prohibition amend
ment, before the present session
passes into history.
So far as the prohibitionists are |
concerned, the Senator from Texas
declared that they will light to
place the label, "intoxicating" upon
any and every beverage that con
tains alcohol regardless of the per
centage by volume.
Oppones State Law.
Incidentally, the father of the
prohibition amendment takes direct
issue with the New York assembly
in any assumption that the nation
will proceed to let the various States
make their own definition of what
constitutes "intoxicating liquor."
The ire of Senator Sheppard was
aroused by the published announce
ment that the New York legislature
proposed to adopt beer and light
wines' measure in the enactment of
legislation permitting the manufacture
of beverages containing less than
S1-2 per cent of alcohol by volume, j
Such action was based upon a belief
that the nation would not fix a stan
dard to govern the separate states.
"It would be manifestly absurd to
al'r many and conflicting interpre
ts t?u?- 9 of what constitutes an lntoxi
1 cam said Senator Sheppard.
V oever iuahu' the responsibil
Kaying that.those who b?vr
rfk * end -touchL for this Ur*?U
xif ?} M not have ;i national standard;
Uff. f|>r <c the amendment effective,
without authority," he added. J
\ s Vrn may say that we propose to
r - till distance and define as in-I
'"> g any beverage that contains
It would certainly tend to j
' >e amendment and defeat its
t-irpos* to permit any such latitude i
' i > i erpretation as I learn unof- j
' ficUtffcr ' being discussed in New I
Sheppard said that he did
? rm ,n- e to delay the introduction J
?if 1. on that would forestall any I
i uor. iv ?r as to what constitutes)
? "intoxicating liquor" within the I
meaning of the amendment. "The j
' bill fixing a national standard and !
specifically defining the word will be j
| put in during the present season," J
' he said.
Expert >evt I*ejti?liition.
The general impression at the Cap- |
: itol is that the "drys" will endeavor j
, to have supporting legislation for the :
? prohibition amendment slipped over \
? as a "rider" on one of the appropria- j
I tion bills.
1 Such Ji course will bring about heal- }
thy opposition from the " wets" and |
i possibly a filibuster since they are un-J
I alterably opposed to having "riders"
! similar to that which will soon make
j the District of Columbia bone dry at-j
tached to general legislation.
HUNS REFUSE
USE OF FLEET
Will Not Place Merchant
Vessels at Disposal of
Allies, Report.
Amsterdam. Feb. IT.?Germany will
refuse to place her merchant fleet
i at the disposal of the allies until
| the German food supply is assured,
j A document setting forth this dec
, laration is said to have been handed
Marshal Koch fit Treves by I>r. Ma
,'thias Krzberger. head of the German
armistice commission.
I This report tends to cast doubt
on previous dispatches savinp the ar
j mistlce renewal was signed uncon
I ditiona'x by the Germans.
GREET NEGRO
WAR HEROES
Chicago Citizens Hail Fight
ers Returning with Honors.
j Chicago. Feb. IT.?Chicago's most en- 1
] thusiastic welcome to returning sol- i
diers was accorded today to the STOth
1 Infantry?Chicago negroes. White and j
colored citisens joined in the uproar!
attending the first home-coming of
. Chicago troops, who have been under
j fire.
I The troopers displayed sixty-seven |
Croix de Guerre, twenty-eight Din- j
I tinguished Service Medals, and j
j citations.
Thieves Crack Safe; Get
Jewels Valued at $10,000
Detroit, Feb. IT.?Between $10,006
and $15,000 worth of jewelry was
stolen from Burr Patterson and!
Company offices here, ft was dis
covered today.
Safe crackers piled open the com
pany's vault with crowbttre.
KANSANS KILLED
BY OWN CANNON,
ALLEN ASSERTS
Governor of Sunflower State
Flays Officers Who Ma
neuvered 35th Div.
REGIMENTS DECIMATED
Casualties Were 40 Per
Cent; Wounded Without
Medical Attention.
The Thirty-fifth division insuffi
ciently equipped. Improperly support
ed and suffered heavily from the fir?
of tt? own artillery In tbe battle of
Ar^onne Porest.
8uch was the substance of charge*
made before the House Rules Com
mittee, yesterday, by Governor Henry
J. Allen, of Kansas.
"Our own artillery was more de
structive to our men than to tbs
enemy." an ofllcer of the division
wrote in a report on the feCUle, Gov
ernor Allen told the committee.
EyfwKw? ?f Btttlr.
The Thirty-fifth division i?= com
posed of Kansas troops. Governor
Allen mas in charge of the T. M. C. A.
work for the division in FYance and
was an eye-witness at the battle.
The Rules Committee summoned
the governor to appear before It dur
ing consideration of a resolution by
Representative Campbell, of Kansas,
directing an investigation of charges
originally made by Governor Allen In
a speech In his home State.
"You may be assured that this fight
will bo investigated." Chairman Pou
told Governor Allen after the com
mittee had heard his statement.
Charges made by Governor Alien,
summed up, were.
There was insufficient sircraft
either to keep off the German airmen
or to direct the division's artillery
fire.
That the artillery barrage fell
short, wounding and killing many in
fantrymen in the division, due ro
failure to provide sufficient aircraft
support
That the infantry was also without
proper artillery support because of sk
shortage of horse*.
That because there were no tele
phones, flares or other means of sis
nalinr and that the advance vsirny
sent back runners in an effort to ha\e
the artillery range jicrassi
Ttoat wourfnd m^n lay Forty-eight
bours wWbstJt attention and That there
was a lack Of litters, ambulance* and
blankets.
That the infantry *as ordered for
ward to capture machine guns and ar
tillery. involving needless sacrifice of
life, instead of employing trencb
mortars, machine guns, tanks, artil
lery. etc.. for the purpose.
Governor Allen also said that on tha
day before the battle opened two of
the division's general officers were r?>
moved One of them Brigadier Gener
al. I. C. Martin, wha ha* been dis
charged. was at the hearing yesterday
and will appear before the committer
COXTIXT? ON PAGE THREE
SHIP SHORTAGE
HITS II, S. TRADE
Chairman Hurley Says Next
Three Months Will Be
Critical Period
America is facing a shipping sfcort*
age of tremendous proportions, ac
cording to the statement yesterday of
I'd ward N. Hurley, chairman of ?Hs
Shipping Board.
1 le said : _
"The shortage of ships Is sertosdR
interfering with American trade.
next three months will *>c the critical
I period in our shipping and our com
I morce. and we have not enough shrps
I to haul freight now lying on tha
I docks.'*
F&portn On Boek*.
Mr. Hurley declared that American
products worth J1 <?.<**? w were on th*
| docks at the larger ports for lack of
, ship* to haul them to foreign market*
1 which are hungrily crying for them.
| The situation has become so serious
at New York that the Kailroad Ad
ministration Is refusing to deliver
' freight to certain terminals In^causc of
j the congestion resulting: from lack of
J vessels to carry it away in
Meanwhile. information is in ths
I hands of the Shipping Board and tha
j War Trad?- Board that British ships
are leaving New York with half car*
? goes or in ballast. "api?arenlly rather
! than transport American products ??
| foreign markets." according to s re^
j port from one government agent.
1 Mr. Hurley, in an effort to rfliew
, the shipping tie-up. went into coit?
; ference yesterday afternoon with
' Secretary of the Navy Daniels and
Gen. Peyton C. March. Chief of
Staff of the army.
He asked the War Department ts
| return some of the cargo vessels
now carrying food to Americsn sol
diers overseas to the Shipping
Board.
It was stated after the eonferene*
that the War Department would
I give Mr. Hurley an answer ss soon
las its schedules could be examined
end it could be determined what
I ships. If any. could be dispensed
| with.
KaijclnnS I'sanakse* Aid.
It Is pointed out thst Cngland aU
ready has promised to aid in tha
Belgian relief, but ha* failed to
supply any ships vet. while Italy
is operating some 350.000 tons of
I peised Austrian vessels. Mr. Hur
ley expressed the belief that Kng
land would put the ships promised
i into the work snd that Italy would
be glad to operate some of ths
A net nan vessels in the relief.
Borne relief w ill be afforded by the
?00.0<?n tons of German ships to be
turned over to this country, 1t ass
said. Three of these ships will be
ready to **il from German ports
wlUlis week.
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