The Washington herald. [volume], January 25, 1920, Page 14, Image 14

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fm
ft
At l*(h ft?
(M-il ?r*# ? *2W.) |
Post***. ?
Cf?
D. J. Kaufman, Inc.
m P*. In. lTtfc St.
X
ViUled CafeUrta
towTSWr
the market Mar
DoablMlM ran. la blarlo. Ian,
?x blaod or dark browa. Mr. Par
a* Mrr. Tbe prirr of TOe allows
a nrr proat <a retailer*.
CAPITOL SHOK rlXDIUGS CO,
?37 P St. I. W.
Stelnway "Pianos
Player-Piano* VictrolM
LOANS
HORNING
. Watches, Jewelry
South End of Highway Bridge
RESORTS.
1TLAHT1C /CTTT.
?BAVMAM
SLUSHY TRAIL
HALTS CENSUS
r ?^
Enumerators Working Long
Hours Are ID?Returns
Expected Wednesday.
. 1
Tuesday night or early Wed
nesday morning: probably will see
the completion of the District cen
sus. according to Dr. P. M. Neely,
assistant supervisor, who is acting
in the place of Robert F. Matting
ly. Census Director, who Is 111 at
his home.
Enumerators in sixty-seven dis
tricts worked all day yesterday.
Last night 300 district* bad been com
pleted with indications that 50 port
folios would be in by Monday night.
The inclement weather during the
present week has greatly Interfered
with the work. Some enumerators
will work today in the hope of hav
ing their district completed tomor
row morning. Illness among the
workers also has handicapped the
work. It has bfcen necessary to
change men and women from one
district to another, causing loss of
time.
Sam L. Rogers, who Is directing
the census taking through the en
tire country, stated yesterday that
the time for completing the census
probably would be extended. None
of the large cities have completed
their census.
FIRE KILLS CHILD
AND BURNS UP $7,000
Miami. Ma., Jan. 24.?'TTielr only
child, a 2-year-old daughter, and their
entire personal fortune. $7,060 In paper
money, were burned up when the
home of Mr. and Mrs. John IJtchkees
at Cardena. a :-jnall settlement in the
Kverglades. six miles south of Lake
Okeechobee, burned to the ground
last Sunday morning, according to
word brought* here by boat today.
main] 10621
PRINTING
RUSH WORK A SPECIALTY
SMALL AND LARGE JOBS
HAYWOHTH
Composition and Trade Woth
627-629 G Street Northwest
i
J
Two Big' Specials
For TOMORROW
And TUESDAY
. Lace Curtains
ODDS AND ENDS TO BE CLOSED
OUT AT $1.00 THE PIECE.
GENUINE REED
BABY CARRIAGE
Full Roll on Front and Hood
Finished in Brown and Natural
. CLEARANCE PRICE, $3175.
CASH or CREDIT
HOPKINS
Furniture Company
415 Seventh St N.W.
Between D and E St*.
Ruthje*s Sab Warfare
Metkods Decided on While
cownnr?o noo* paoi one.
ahould b? followed.'"and ""thus may
mtrrre to explain the optknlera of hi*
utterance* la Washington almost
until th? tin* he *ia handed hi*
Passport*.
Berlin finally flatly Informed him
that military order* had been placed
with reference to the ruthless sub
marine campaign, and the subma
rine* had *alled on their deatructive
mission, and it was too late to re
voke or even to modify any part of
the program.
The memorandum had merely In
dicated submarine warfare against
armed merchantmen. On January It
a long telegram, marked "strictly
secret." by Bethmann-Hollweg, In- i
formed Bern.torlf of the resumption
of ruthless submarine warfare. An
other telegram, dated February 1.
says In part:
"We have no. doubt the President
will realise and comprehend our situ
ation and our measures of self-de-'
tense. The German government ex- I
pect* these measure* to bring about I
a speedy termination of the war ;
a1.d. re??oratlon of the peace!
which the President also desires.
Now that submarine warfare must
be continued through the attitude of
our enemies, the Imperial govern
ment believes Itself entitled to a
certain expectation that the Presi
dent cannot but realise the necessity
of a measure Intended to accelerate
the end of bloodshed.
CMBMla Secrecy to Kalaer.
.Tk' th'ref?re. take It for grant
Jd that fhe President will hence
.w,rnln* American
1 "J*'1!" n,?.tI1to ent" ??>e prohibited
! J"; "lie* w'thln the power of
I the President to contribute, by ener-I
pr***ure ?n England. toward
embargo on foodstuffs,
jand thus conclude the war in an effl
jcacio,,, way. This Is for your excel
ency* personal Information. Abso
lute secrecy is necessary for mili-j
tary reasons.
"Give no hint to the government
beyond presenting the official com
| raunlcation of February 1. I Rrn
j fully conscious that your proceed
i may bring: about a rupture, pos
[slbly war. with the United State*,
i-it V< determined to run this
risk, but I request your excellency
to give me your opinion Immedi-i
ately in regard to the treatment
of this matter and how the danger
i ..??PtUre cou,d fce diminished.
I 'finally. I would remind you of
the preparation* for the entire In-1
capacltatlon of the German ships.'
Your excellency Is responsible for!
giving the necessary catchword at
the right moment in a safe way. so
that no German steamship shall fall
i into alien hands in useful condl
j tion."
j On February IS, Secretary Zim
merman wired to Ambassador
iBfrnstorff: "I'leasc wire a proposal
as to whom. In case of broken
.diplomatic relations German inter
! ests can be transferred."
| Ambassador BernstorfT wired to
the foreign office on February 16:1
"In reply to yours of the 7th I
| made use of your excellency's au
I thorixatlon respecting dealings with
Col.* House. He said to me that
j the President regarded this mani
: festatlon of the German govern
ment as exceedingly valuable. The
j President will try to accomplish his
! mission of making peace with the
; utmost energy and by all possible
j means.
Wilson Regarded Pro-Cerman.
"As to the immediate future. It
is expected that a declaration by
the President will take the form of
a message ro Congress. Evidently
he intends to invite the American
nation to help him to enforce peace
At leas*, together with Col. House!
he IS praising the Hearst articles,
written in this sense.
In respect to armed merchantmen,
I hope tor a modus vlvendi. but we
must not proceed too precipitately Im
mediately, lest a conflict shall arise
before the President can take further
steps.
"Though it may sound strange to
German ears. President Wilson Is gen
erally regarded here as pro-German.
HI* note was thought to have been
Inspired by our influence and Ambas
sador Gerard's speech (referring to a
dinner speech at the Hotel Adlon In
January) confirms this impression.
The speech corresponds with the In
structions Gerard received here.
"Our opponents have become quite
frantic. They are employing every
means to put obstacle* in the Presi
dent's way."
Replying to the secret notification
of the resumption of submarine war
fare the Ambassador wired the For
eign Office on February 19: "War is
Inevitable with the proposed proceed
ings. Danger of a break could be
diminished by tixing a time, say one
month, for sparing neutral ships and
passenger*. I ghail have to give the
catchword for the Incapacitation of
the German ships on February 1. as
the execution of my Instructions will
produce the effect of a declaration of
war, and strict vigilance will, there
fore ensue.
"If military reasons shall be abso
lutely decisive, postponement will be
urgently desirable. President Wilson
believes he can bring about peace on
Old
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the bull or the equality of nations.
" proposed by a.. Col. HOUM la-,
formed me yesterday that tlx Presl
dent would mi at work at the aai*
llest opportunity, aa he thought fa
vorably of a peace conference, owing
to our manifestation! in regard to a
PMiet letfue.''
Replying; to Secretary Zimmerman'*
telegram of February is, Ambamdor
Bernstorff wired to the forelfn office a
, message received February 25, say
In#: "I prefer Swltaeriand. The mat
ter la of Increasing Importance, for If
a conference la proposed I (hall still
consider It possible that President Wll
son will not break off relations and
declare war but. on the contrary, he
will redouble his peaos efforts."
On January i? Under Secretary von
Stumm had wired Ambaasador Bern
storlT to.hand over the Interests of the
German Embassy to the representa
tives of Switzerland In Washington,
adding: "In carrying out your In
structions. please adapt the line of
thought to the American mentality:
the wording in detail Is left to your
excellency."
On January 17 Secretary Zimmerman
wired to Ambassador Bernstorff the
note concerning submarine warfare
which was to be delivered on January
SI to Ambaasador Gerard In Berlin,
directing Ambassador Bernstorff to
make simultaneous delivery of the
note to the American government. On
January 23 HernstorfT sent a message
to the foreign office, which received it
January V. in which he said:
Break Was Expected.
"Wilson's message to the Senate
meets with geneml applause. It Is
considered a further energetic step
In the peace movement. Only our
wildest opponents attack the Presi
dent at pro-German. Nearly all the
comments express a desire that the
Central Powers should now also de
clare their peace terms
"House has also asked mo urgent
Iy that this be done. eitTier publicly
or confidentially. Wilson would then
propose a conference. The President
also shows an inclination to conclude
the Brykn treaty with u*. Time I?
I now unfortunately too short; other
; wise It maght have helped to prevent
war. ' *
I The Intended unrestricted subma
rine warfare will probably complete
? ly put an end to the peace move
ment. On the other hand, it Is poa
i sfble that TVIlson would redouble
ihla peace effort. If time were grant -
! ?d. I would leave nothing untried
I to prevent war with* the United
! Mates.
j *'\ft ould Jt not be possible, before
the commencement of unrestricted
submarine warfnre, to state the
I Peao<i terms to be submitted to the
! Peace Conference proposed by us,
and to aay, after the enemy's reject
ion, that we would no longer be able
, to maintain these mild conditions?
| At the same time we might hint
that, if victorious, we would demand
the independence of Ireland? Such a
declaration would win tho sympathy
of local public opinion, so far as lit
all possible.
"BERNSTORFF."
On Jan. 2K, Bernstorff wired the
Foreign Office a m%ss?ge received
Jan. 2S, when he said:
"After a very Importunt confer
ence. 1 most urgently request post
ponement until my next two mes
sages shall have been received.
"BKRNSTORFF."
Kateate Kate Called Blair.
| On Jan. 27, Bcrtslorff wired the
| Foreign Office as follows: "House
requested me. under Wilson's .instruc
tions, to visit him. Th?n he stated
j to me the following, as sn official
j message from the ['resident: "Wil
J son. for the moment, otters confiden
tial peace mediation, on the basis
lof his Senate message. His request
I to us for a statement of our own
peace terms Wilson ilofs not regard
as confidential.
"How explained tbe President's
ideas us follows,' Our enemies liave
openly staled the* peace conditions.
Now we also are morally obliged to
communicate our peace terms, which
would have to be published here and
in Germany. The President is con
jvinced that he would be able to
[bring about the two peace confer
jences. if we only h?d confidence In
J him. It would give him special plea
j sure If your Excellency would at
the same time declare a readiness to
[enter into conferences, on the bafts
of the Senate message. The Presi
dent is of the opinion that the
Entente note addressed lo him. being
bluff, need not be considered. He en
tertains the sure hope for a peace
conference at such an early date as
to avoid unnecessary bloodshed in a
spring offensive.
It is impossible to judge from
here how far your Excellency can
and will meet Wilson, but I earnest
ly request to submit the following:
If Uie submarine warfare shall be
commenced Immediately, it will
mean a blow to the President and
I war with the 1'nited States inevi
tably. The local pro-war party will
gain the upper hand and the conclu
sion of the war with England will
be removed Indefinitely.
"Despite all that may be said to
the contrary, the United States are
very great.
"On the other hand, if we consent
to Wilson's proposal and the plans
are frustrated by the obstinacy of
our enemies, it will be exceedingly
difficult for the President to enter
the war against us. even if we
should then begin submarine war
fare.
"It can. therefore, b^ only a mat
tetr of delay for a few days, so as to
ameliorate our diplomatic position.
Personally. I am of the opinion that
we can obtain a better peace by con
ference than If the United States
should Join our enemies.
"BERNSTORFF."
This message provoked on January
29 a curt reply from Under Secre
tary Von Stumm to Ambassador
Beinstorff, reading: "Please convey
to the President the thanks of the
imperial government for his com
munication and the expression of
our confidence In him. and say to
him that Germany Is ready to ac
cept his mediation confidentially and
to proceed with him for the convo
cation of a direct conference. It is
now impossible to state publicly our
speace terms, after the publication
of the entente peace conditions, in
which the entente would dishonor
and destroy Germany, as well as
her allies, and which must be con
sidered as Impossible, even by the
President himself.
Speeeb for U-Boat Note. -
"We cannot regard these proposals
as bluff, since they oonfrletely coin
cide with the utteranc?t?f the hostile
plenipotentiaries, not only before the
terms were proposed but also after
ward. So long as the war alms of our
enemies are pybllcly maintained, pub
lic declaration of our QWn peace terms
would be misconstrued as a sign of
weakness, which does not exist.
"A* evidence of our confidence, we
communicate lo the President, strict
ly for his personal consideration, the
conditions under mrhlch we would have
been ready to enter Into peace negotia
tions had the entente accepted our
peace proposal (terms follow).
"Your excellency will communicate
thto to the President when handing
over the submarine note, and at the
same time remark the following: 'If
the proposal had come a few days
earlier we would have been able to
postpone the beginning of new sub
marine warfare. Now, despite the
beat disposition. It Is too late, for tech
nical reasons: extensive military prep
arations have been made which can
not be countermanded, and subma
rines have already left harbor with
new Instruct ioua'
"The form and content of the en-,
elnys' reply to our peace offer and to
Uw President's not* were so abrupt
that we oooid no lower pracraattnata.
in the faoe of a life and death atrus
rts." [ BBTHMAIW.
' IDiii t C>?< flhmy IMh?
Still earlier revelation? .of the
way 9?rmany eee-eawed between
rutblees eubmarlne warfare *?>
Wilsonlan peace mediation are also
bared In the Bernstorff correspond
ence. dating from the torpedoing of
the Sussex to the end of diplomatic
relations between the two4 govern
ments. The correspondence began
with an interesting! Indirect quota
tion from Col. House, In an undated
Bernstorff dispatch from Wanlix*
ton. which the Berlin Foreign Office
received April 11. ltll, which reads:
"House describes to me the feel
ing la regard to the Bussex In very
gloomy terms. At the White House
the situation is regarded as hope
lees. because of the opinion that
despite the resignation of Admiral
von Tirplts the German Government
is not able to curb submarine war
fare, even with the best Intentions.
k "The American government is con
vinced the Sussex was torpedoed.
Repetition of such a -blunder would
force America into the war against
us. which Wilson would greatly re
gret because in a few months, as I
have reported, he would like to bring
! about peace. If the United States
were to be drawn into the war all
! prospect of a speedy peace would be
lost. Please furnish us with instruc
tions. upon a basis which will placatc
the government, which now again
doubts our bona fides.
/ "BERNSTORFF."
Warms Against tie Press.
In reply. Secretary ft ago w tele
graphed Ambassador Bernstorff on
April 11: "For confidential communica
tion to Col. House and not for the
press. If President Wilson desires
peace he therein completely meets
the wishes of Germany, which hopes
for the formation of German-Amer
ican relations which will render pos
sible co-operation to brlnr about
peace. "JAGOW."
An undated despatch from the
ambassador In Washington, received
in Berlin on May 4. reads:
"House told me that, at his wish.
Gerard had already been informed
as to the minimum demands of the
American government. Wilson Is
strongly influenced by the voices
for peace. Even the anti-German
ring desires an end to the war. as
otherwise financial losses are
feared.
"My suggestion is based upon the
opinion that submarine warfare, ac
cording to international law. Is
worthless and the beginning of
p^ace mediation* is far more im
portant. ' fear that the conduct
of submarine warfare, as of cruiser
warfare, means only postponement
with possible rupture, as fresh in
cidents will surely happen.
"BERNSTORFF."
A dispatch of May 4 from Bern -
stcrflf. received at the foreign of
fice on May 6. said: "House told
me Gerard had telegraphed that we
would accept the President's medi
ation for peace, and that a visit by
House to Berlin for that purpose
would be welcomed.
"Nothing is known here of a solu
tton ot the submarine question.
Mediation for pmm naturally de
pends upon a smooth tovra*. which
would most easily be ?Mthiii bra
Hum In submarine warfare during
negotiations. BERNSTORFF."
Tell* at Wllssa Ulai^ty.
This dispatch led to the following
reply on May ? from Chancellor von
Bethmann-Hollweg to Bernstorff.
which said: "We hope our note and
great concession have Anally done
awsy with the stats of mistrust and
have opened an era of mutual rela
tions.
"There is anfmoetty of public opin
ion here sgatnst Wilson oq account
of ths tone and content of his note.
: and owing to the Impression that
; the partisanship against us is so
! greet that a publicly perceptible
action against Great Britain must
! tske place before he would be ac
, cepted by the German people as an
Impartial prompter for peace.
"Gersrd's telegram In this mstter
1 prectpitste. If Wilson omits such ac
tion (against Great Britain) danger
exists that animosity will become ir
reparably worse, and the possibility
of peace by mediation will recede
into the remote distance. In the end.
preparation for peace is always de
sirable. Action agslnst Great Britain,
however, seems also necessary, so ss
| to cause a yielding there, unlesa ultl
i mately peace Is to be brought about
which will be morally favorable to
Btitaiip. A visit from House will be
very welcome here at sny time.
"BETHMAKN."
Irish Exeestleas Mentioned.
On May 18 Ambassador Bernstorff
wired a dispatch to the Foreign Of
fice, which was received May 24, as
follows: "I am negotiating confiden
tially. with the assistance of House.
{for a settlement of questions still
; pending, as the Lusitania and Igal, so
Ithat everything may be cleared sway,
j Feeling here now is favorable, on ac
count of the Irish executions Wilson
considers the conflict with us as set
tled. and wishes appeasement and
I speedy peace action.
"I-rfinsing's statement upon the
; Anglo-American duty of contract re
j fern to Bryan's report. Ho wished
to Indicate that war with Great Brlt
! aln on account of the blockade was
' out of the question, and consequently
I means of pressure were lacking. "Hil*
j statement links up with the local
| opinion reported by me. thst It wouid
| be easier to end the war than to com
'pel Britain to abandon the blockade
Are my reports arriving? Hardly
any instructions are reaching here.
??BERNSTORFF."
I On June 7 Secretary Jagow tele
irraphed to Bernstorff: "Confidential.
: More than s month has elapsed since
i our last note. Has Wilson resolved
! upon any steps concerning the Brit
ish blockade" I certainly do not ex
I />ect that, under the influence of the
Cnlted States. Britain would agree to
I renounce any of her illegal measures.
| As little do I expect that rejection
| of American demands by Great Brit
ain would lead to serious clouding of
i the relations of the two countries.
| "The complete passivity of Wilson
j is comprehensible so long as he is
[trying to avoid the appearance of
acting.under Dmn prmore. but It
cannot be lastingly )a?lincd la this
??y. ul It m?t Influ **nc# our pob
Mc
"The Imperial government le in the
moot dMfcult poeluoo ooncelvable
Should Wlleon persist in Inactivity ?J
regards Britain It Is to be feared that II
the entire public opinion or Germany
*111 Imperatively demand the reeump- i
tlon of submarine warfare In Its
previous form. The Imperial govern- j
nt would then all the lees be In 1
position to resist this demand because ?
now. aa before, all military quarters I
regard and recommend tmreatralaed1
submarine warfare as the only eCec-1
thre mean* for the total defeat of i
Britain.
"Moreover, we learn from quit* I
confidential sources that the entente
have resolved upon further latel.ai-1
flcatlon of blockade measures, and at!
the same time have agreed in the
future to reject the proteats of neu
trals. especially of Americans, with
the argument that only thus can the
war be ended, thus serving the in
terests of neutrals. Tour excellency
is. therefore, to draw the attention
of Wilson, through House, to the aerl
lous dangers contained In his Inac
tivity toward Britain.
"So far as Wilson's Intention for
peace mediation la concerned. It
meets energetic opposition in Brit'
aln. We can only welcome d rejec
tion coming from Britain now as It
is clear we are skeptical as regards
mediation by a statesman whose
whole conception Inclines him to the
British standpoint and who Is, more
over. so naive as President Wilson.
High Trtbate to President.
"We are compelled to this stand
point by the consideration that the
President would probably try to
bring about peace malaly on the
far we shall be la position to brts?
about * solution of lb* Belgian
quKtiM. which tfu b?ca?i so IrW
IcaJ during the war ta a way corres
ponding to our Intaraata. it M
neverthelaae already be aaid thai
upoa the further favorable progreas
of tba war for us. we could wl
accept peace upoa the basis of aa
abaolute statue quo aate.
"It is to be feared from the wax
In which the President understand'
bte role, aa the chose* promoter of
everything that la right and Just
la his conception. that our rafaaal
to conclude Just peace upon this
basts might cause him openly y
side with our enemias. It la how
ever, not impoaalble that In the
course of time public opinion In
Britain will again turn to Wilson
and his uriah for madia tie*.
"Aa soon as Wilson's Intention aa
to mediatloa threatens ta assume
mora concrete form and his Inclina
tion Is perceptible, on the British
side, to enter upon it. It will be your
excellency's task- to prevent Wilson
from approaching us with a punitive
suggestion for mediation
Merckatti to Elect Oftcen.
Offlorre of the Merchant* and Mini
ufacturers' Association for 1W vtll be
elected at a meeting of the board or
governors Tuesday at 2 p. m TV
board also will rive its attention In
several important buetnos* problem*
that confront the association.
Say It With Flower*
?whenever you have a meseajre to
send to a sick friend. Consult Gade.
1214 F.?Adv.
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