Evening star. [volume], January 18, 1890, Page 7, Image 7

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THE TIREE AMERICAS
AND
THE WORLD S FAIR.
A Orund Celebration.
WBY IT 5B0DLD BE HELD HEBE.
Arguments Before the Quadri
Centennial Committee.
Remarks of Prominent anil Influential
>len Who Favor a Site at the National
Capital?Claims Which Should Not be
Denied.
Introductory Remark* by John W.Doug
lass, President of the Hoard of Dis
trict Commissioners.
lfr. ChtiirnviHaml ilmtlfnwn:
I want to occupy ouly a moment of your at
tention to sav that I represent what is called in
common parlau<?> the caw of the city of Wash
ington. or. in other worls. the Capitol of the
Nation, as a proper place to hold the (treat In
ternational Kxposition of the Three American
in lH'/i We have divided the labor of advo
cating the cause of Washington. The first pre
sentation will be male by Mr. Anderson, the
Secretary of what has been called for several
years the National Board of IVomotiou of the
Tnree Americas Exposition. He will be fol
lowed by Mr. I'arker. President of the Board of
Trade of the city of Washington, upon the sub
ject of the memorial that has been circulated
among the citizen* of W ashington. While the
first argument will comspond with the univer
sal sentiment of our citizens, and. we think,
the citizens of this conutry. that this being a
great international fair, it should be sustained
aud carried on by the General Gov
ernment at the Capital of tho Na
tion. at the same time we have not
forgotten that some of our sister cities dis
agree with us as to th>* location. In this re
gard something may possibly depend upon the
tjuestion of money and subscriptions. There
lore the second bill introduced into Congress
and known as the Gorman bill embodies that
idea. The memorial, as preseuted by Mr.
Parker, will be confined to the idea that we are
ready to-d;:y to comply with tlie money
considerations. The third speech will be made
by Major Powell. Director of the Geological
Survey, who will represent, as far as may be
proper, the scientific people of the country,
and to a certain extent will show the perm
anent scientific results that will be obtained by
this Exposition. The concluding remarks will
be made by General Fe.ix Agnus, of Baltimore,
our sister and neighboring city. 1 want to say
that the citizens of the I>ibtnct of Columbia
stand ready and willing to the best of their
ability to make the Exposition, as we hope and
believe it will be, wherever held, a magnificent
affair.
Remark* by Ale*. D. Anderson, Secre
tary of the National Hoard of Promo
tion.
Mr. Chairman ami G* nt'emen:
We come before your honorable committee
as representatives of ? committee of citizens
from all of the forty-six States and Territories
who have, for four years past, under the name of
a Board of Promotion, advocated a Three Ameri
cas Exposition at the Natiouvl Capital, in 1892.
in honor of the fonr hundredth anniversary of
the discovery of America by Christopher Colum
bus.
During this period fifty-six Governors, repre
senting sn all forty-one States and Territories,
the Mayors of Mxtv leu ling cities, one hundred
and seventy-six Presidents and Secretaries of
Boards of Trade throughout the United States,
Hud the Masters and Secretaries ( one or both),
of thirty slitc and Territorial Granges, have
formally. and in writing, accepted membership
in ihe Board, and pledged their co-operation in
support of this patriotic movement.
In addition to this we bring resolutions in
dorsing the movement from the National
Board of Trade. American Bankers' Associa
tion. National Grange in two annual conven
tions. International Medical Congress. Ameri
can Medical Association. Carriage Builders'
National Association. American Association of
Agricultural Colleges. United States Potters'
Association, Washington National Monument
Society, the Mt. Vernoa Ladies' Association of
the Union, and various other bodies. (_See
Belmont Report, pp. I!) to 2S.)
We also bring a uniuimous report in favor of I
a Permanent Exposition of the Three Ameri
cas. submitted to the House of Kepresentatives
on the sixteenth of Juue. 1SS8. by the Commit- i
tee on Foreign Affairs, through its chairman,
Hon. Perry Belmont, of New York. This re
port is No. 2.601. Fiftieth Congress, first ses
sion. and we submit it as a portion of our argu- |
nient in so fur as it applies to the. more com
prehensive and new bill which we are now ad
vocating.
THE BILL3 ADTOC\Trt>.
With these preliminary remarks I will sub
mit a brief s'atement of facts in support of the
new bill agreed upon by the National Board of
Promotiou. and introduced by Senator Faulk
ner. of West Virginia. As it is ehort and con
cise. and clearly states our plan, 1 will read it
as a portion of my remarks:
"A BILL to provide for a Three Americas and Worlu's
LlixMiuoii at the National Capital in 1N9'J.
?*Be it ennctnl >?j 'V Sematr and ihute of fitp
reamtcUii+s of tin? I'nil"I >\'n(r* of Aiifrica in
Comgrti* wKet, That a Three Americas and
World's Exposition be held at the National
Capital in l-'-ri. in commemoration of the 400th
anniversary of the discovery of America by
Christopher Columbus, and that the President
of the United States apuoint a Governmental
Board of Nine Directors to formulate and super
intend the execution of a plan for such expo
sition.
??Sec. 2. That said tdtn shall include ?
'"A Three Americas Museum, to remain as a
memorial building m commemoration of that
historical event, aud as a repository of the an
tiquities and history of the Western Hemi
sphere.
?A. Three Americas Bunding for an exhibit
of the representative resourcts, arts, and in
dustries of the eighteen American sister repub
lics. the Dominion of Canada, and the West
India Islands.
"A State and Territorial Building for an ex
hibit of the representative resources, arts, and
industries and the foitv-six States and Terri
tories of the United States.
?*A Building for an exhibit of working
model* of great American inventions.
"A Building for a temporary exhibit of the
repr? sentative rt source*, arts. and industries
of all natious other than American.
"A Statue of Christopher Columbus, to bo
nuveiltd with nppropriute ceremonies on the
12th of October. 18J2
"Stc. 3. 'lhat the President of the United
States, through the Department of State, shall
make proclamation setting forth the dates at
which the Ki|>?sition shall open and close, and
inviting pariivnation of all nations of the
world, and all States and Territories of the
U nited States.
?"Src. 4. That the President of the United
States spenallv invite the 'Presidents of the
eighteen American sister lt< puMics. the King
cX Italy, the tjueen of Spain, aud the Presi
dent and reigning sovereigns of all other na
tions. to visit the United States in 1MJ2, and
join with him in the ceremonies attending the
unveiling of said statue of Christopher Co
lumbus.
"Ssc. 5. That the sum of fifteen million dol
lars out of any money in the Treasury not
otherwise appropriated, or so much thereof as
may be necessary is hereby appropriated for
carrying out the object* of"this act."
This Ml will be supplemented by another
agreed upon by the local or W ellington branch
of th^Nationai Board, and introduced by Sena
tor tmrnian. of Maryland. It is identically the
same u the former, excipt that section five
proi idea as follows:
"That the issuance of ? 13.000.000 of bonds of
the District of Columbia is hereby authorized,
or so much thereof ns may be found neceasarv
for the purpose, to bear such rate of interest
and to mature at such time as to Congress shall
seem best, to be sold at not less than par, tho
proceeds to be paid into the Treasury of the
t'mtvd Stales a* a fond for the expenses of
holding Mid Exposition at the National Capi
tal: any unexpended balance thereof, together
with the receipt# over and above the expenses
of (aid Exposition, to be placed to th? credit of
the District of Columbia for the liquidation of
anv indebtedness of said District."
It will be submitted as an alternative propo
sition by Mr. M. M. Parker, who represent* In
thi<* respect the local board and tax-payers of
the District of Columbia. I will confine my
remarks to the Faulkner bill.
rrSDAMESTAL FEATURES.
Our plan is based upon the idea that the
commemoration of this great event in Ameri
can history is beyond the magnitude and dig
nity of any individual city, or private corpora
tion. and should be under the exclusive un
spices and control of the (ieneral Government.
That if there is to be any de parture from this
plan it should not be in the direction of local
but rath'-r toward international management,
under the joint auspices of the government? of
the nineteen American si-ter Republics,assisttd
by Italv and Spain, which have an equal in
terest hi the history of Columbus and his graud
achievements.
Th.it the two leading features of the Exposi
tion should be. first, the hifur-cul. to commem
orate the discovery of America ami its progress
? luring four hundred years, and. second, the
nimtii) rrml. to inaugurate au American hemis
pherical policy b.ised upon more intimate com
mercial aud social relations between ttic several
sister nations of the New World which Colum
bus discovered, which nations have in the past
been too little acquainted with each other. To
emphasize this idea we have in the title of our
bill placed the Three Americas first, and we
know from four years' correspondence with
boards of trade, governors, mayors, granges,
and others that this is the most valuable and
popular feature of the movement. Ol course
the rest of the world is to be invited to partici
pate in the temporary exhibit during the six
months of 1802.
lhat the Exposition of the Three Americas
should be |>ermauent and remain for all time
in the nature of a memorial museum in honor
of the great event. We do not, of course, by
using the word '?permanent," mean a perma
nent exhibit of perishable produi ts. attended
by an admission fee, after the temporary Ex
position of 1W2 is closed, but rather a grand
Continental Museum aud other similar struc
tures under Governmental control, and free of
charge, to illustrate the antiquities, history,
progress, civilization, arts, aud industries of
America, both before and siiico its discovery
by Columbus.
That the American people, as a whole, are
Doth ready and anxious to suitably commemor
ate the coining event, and are too powerful,
rich, and proud to delegate a National and
patriotic subject of this magnitude, aud the
attending expense, to any State, city, or priv
ate corporation. It is the people's celebration,
and tin y wish to pay for it themselves out of
their ow u treasury.
That the only proper site for the Exposition
is the National Capital of the oldest and fore
most American nation.
ADVANTAGES OF THE NlMONAL CAPITAL.
The remarkable advanfl^es of the National
Capital as a site are fully commensurate with
the proprieties of the case, and your attention
! i* respectfully invited to a few facts on this
point.
Washington is the city of the Nation and of
all the States?a city in which the GQ.OOO.O'JO
people of the United States have an equal iu
j tcrest and pride.
It is as much the city of New York. Chicago,
and St. I.ouis as of the District of Coiuuibia,
and in some respects more so. for the people of
American family would be found, as it were,
clustered together around tbe Washington
Monument."
Washington is the diplomatic headquarters
for all foreign nation*. Their legations are ,
here as a matter of course, and no one would '
think for a moment that they could with pro
priety be established in New York, Chicago, or
St. I'oum. When the last Congress of the
United States provided for the holding of two
great international congresses, the International
American Conference and the Intt. rnitional
Marine Congress, which have for Rcvernl months
been in session iu this city, Washington was. as
a matter of course, selected as the place <*
meeting. As the exposition of lrt'J'J is to be
tuainl) i>n international affair the same pro
prieties require that it be located at the Na
tional Capital.
It is surrounded by scenes of great historic
interest, gueh as the birthplace and tomb of j
Washington, and other places dear to the
American people.
It has magnificent and broad avenues and ;
streets, paved with asphalt and lined with
beautiful shade trees, making it the city above
all others for the military and civic parades, j
winch are a prominent feature of national and I
international celebrations.
It i* centrally located between the North and j
South, and the natural meeting-place for an !
industrial exhibit of those two neetion*.
A prominent feature of great world's fairs is I
the educational advantages, and no other
American city has so much to offer that is in- '
structive in the line of American history as
Washington.
In 1S'.>2 the eighteen American pister Repub
lic*. whose organic laws are to a greater or less
extent copied from onr Constitution, will desire
to make it special study of the workings of the
Government of tho parent American llepnblic
?the United States. The other nations ot the
world will desire to do likewise, and where can
they learn so much oil this important subject
as at tho seat of Government? It is of tran
scendent importance that we give them the op- !
portunitv desired and show them the practical
workings of our political system in all its gruu
deur and perfection.
The great event of the Exposition year will
be on the twelfth of October. 1892. the 400th
anniversary of the day that Columbus landed,
when it is expected a statue in his honor will be
unveiled by tho President of the United States,
assisted by the Trt siaents of the eighteen other
American Republics, the King of Italy, the
Queen of Spain, and tile Presidents and Sover
eigns of all other nations. I venture to say
that nearly all of these l'residents and Sover
eigns will be present, as was Dotn I'edro. of
Brazil, at the l'hiladelphia Exposition in INTO.
1 also venture to say that the people of Italy,
who are enthusiastic about the coming event,
will insist that their King be present even i: it
requires an act of the Italian Parliament to give
h in authority. Now w here aud bv whom should
these distinguished guests of the nation lie re
ceived? Should (t be in a commercial city by
the officers of a State, city, or private corpora
tion. or at the Nation's home by the President
and Cabinet representing the whole American
people? To ask the question is to answer it.
It is a very significant fact that tho repre
sentatives of New York. Chi ago, and St. Louis,
are all here at the Nation's Capital this week
asking your honorable committee that a
Governmental stamp be placed upon the pro
posed Exposition. Itv tins very act they recog
nize the fundamental feature of our claim and
with equal propriety they should come here
again in 1M2 to participate in a National and
International Exposition. We will welcome
them inost heartily, but no formal invitation is
necessary, for Washington is their homo as
much as it is ours?it is the Nation's home.
enlarged a? goon as the Exposition is located
here, just as it was iu Philadelphia tu 1H76.
Five years ago the officers of the Pennsyl
vania railroad made % earelnl estimate of their
daily capacity provided terminal facilities were
supplied. They found that they could in twen
ty-four hours bring over that one road 100.000
people. Its capacity is larger now than then
and will, as fh?y assert, be practically unlim
ited if terminal facilities are supplied. This
same statement may be applied to the other
great trunk lines tributary to the National
Capital, such a? the Baltimore A Ohio R.R..
the Chesapeake A Ohio railroad, the Richmond
and Danville system ar.d Atlantic Coast line.
It is therefore safe to assert that the daily ca
pacity of the roads is at least 3W),000 passen
gers.
As regards the terminal facilities winch can
easily be provided, immediately adjoining the
Exposition grounds, 1 :>ss< rt without hesitation
that tew cities in the world have better natural
facilities for this purpose. Ample grounds can
be purchased'in South Washington, or if neces
sary. be condemned without the legal diffi
culties which exist m other cities. The cost
will also be small compared with that in New
York and other places. On this point I have
the writti n statement of an officer of the Rich
mond and Danville system who says: "I see no
rea.-on why terminal railroad facilities cannot
be conveniently established in this city equal,
if not superior, to such in any city in tliis
country.-'
The facilities for river transportation are on
a level with those of the railroads, but equally
misunderstood by the general public, for the
reason that the "Potomac has never been a
great commercial highway like the Mississippi
Kiver. Rut its channel is deep and possibili
ties unlimited. The present depth of the chan
nel from Washington to the mouth of the
river is nineteen Jeet. and by the removal ot
two bars at the moderate expense of abou
*200.000 it can bo increased to twenty-four
feet, which is ample for all freight purposes.
On this point I present a written statement by
Lieut. Col. Peter C. Hams, of the Corps of En
gineers. V. S. Army, which I will tile as "Ap
pendix R."
He also states in the letter that there "is
ample harbor capacity between Washington
and Alexandria for an immense tleet."
la addition to this attention is invited to the
imporn.ut fact that these vessels can land and
unload their freights at wharves immediately
adjoining the Exposition grounds.
ACCOMMODATIONS Foil VISITORS.
Few cities in the Tinted States are so elastic
in its facilities for the accommodation of
visitors as Washington, yet its capacity is con
tinually misunderstood ior the reason that it
has few showy hotels. The facts art that nearly
ail of Washington is practically a boarding
house and is accustomed to bein^ transformed
into a boarding house on great occasions like
the Inauguration Ceremonies. Triennial Con
claves and great national and international
conventions. The supply is always equal to
the demand, and will be more so in for
the reason that there will be a greater induce
ment to supply the demand for an exposition
lasting six mouths, and permanent museums
and attractions for all time thereafter, than for
a ceremony or convention lasting but a few
days.
I have the written statement of Mr. Boyd, the
author and compiler of our city director, and
who is a recognized authority upon such sub
jects. that during th recent Triennial Conclave
20.000 Knights and 50.000 visitors were accom
modat. d. and yet tture were left uncalled ior
from H00 to 1,000 rooms. Iu his recent canvass
ol the city lie found H50 vacant houses.
On thi* subject 1 make the further point that
in itself, an object lesson showing the progress
of American skill in arts and industries.
In December. Ik*, at a convention of onr
Exposition National Board of Promotion, with
delegates present from various parts of the
country, Hon. M. V. Montgomery, then Com
missioner of Patents, delivered an elaborate
address upon this subject. I will file as "Ap
pendix A a copy of his remarks upon that oc
casion.
A third permanent building greatly needed
and which should be the outgrowth of the com
ing Exposition is one for the Departmeut ot
Agriculture. It was recommended by the Com
missioner of Agriculture ia liu anuual report
for the year 18S0. as follows:
"I here take occasion to renew the recom
mendation made relative to another depart
ment building as being a necessity for tne ac
commodation of its employes, the number of
whom must necessarily be largely increased to
be at all commensurate with the work to be
done. This bulling should be erected upon the
ground at present occupied by the gardens, in
rear and at the sides of the existing department,
it should form a hollow rectangular parallel
ogram, with a front of about 1.000 feet by a
depth ot about 500 feet, and should include nn
interior covered court. The building itself
-hould be K0 feet in width, with suitable halls,
I Jr;\. and with a piazza of proper width around
the four sides of the court. It should be tire
proof and well-ventilated, and be arranged for
offices, for the storage and handling ot seeds,
and for the continuous exhibition of the agri
cultural products of this great nation.
"There should be provided, also, ample space
.vithin for the display of all implement., em
ployed in agricultural pursuits tandlamin
lormed that working models will be furnished
|jJ" the manufacturers thereof, if the Govern- I
ment will provide the building.) The interior !
o?' this hollow parallelogram should bo covered I
with a glass roof supported on pillars of surti- '
dent height to accommodate, as at the Kew
Gardens, those trees and plants that are valu- .
able for economic or ornamental purposes,
i he early erection of such a building cannot be
too strongly urged. Looking to its consum
mation upon the scale suggested I have had
Urawmgs prepared which are herewith sub
mitted."
I will file as nn appendix the plans of the
proposed building, prepared by an able archi
tect of New York.
This building could, as recommended, and
with propriety, be erected upon the ten acres
of available ground south of the trout line of
the present Agricultural Department. It is
certainly one of the most beautiful building
sites on the Governmental reservations of
Washington, is worthy as is the subject, of a
grand and permaneut structure, and would be
particularly gratifying to the agriculturists of
: tiie United States, wlio have during the past
j four years, by resolutions at annual conven
I tions, by correspondence, and the formal ac
ceptance of membership in our Hoard of Pro
I motion, earnestly advocated the proposed
three Americas Exposition of Washington.
Still another building greatly needed is a
grand pub.ie hall for inauguration balls, and
national an I international con ventioi.s.
Several o'her permanent structures are much
needed and eould lie utilizeu 10 great advan
tage. but what I have mentioned are sufficient
to illustrate the necessity.
Viewed from the standpoint of economy as
well as necessity, tho plan we advocate is, in
our opinion, unanswerable, and will meet
with the approval of both the press and tho
public.
CONSTITUTION At. AUTHORITY.
I will not presume to address a committee of
: Senators on the Constitutional authority to
J > AGR M <>F MA
ILATS AND PROPOSED DDITIONS.
those three. an? all other cities have a vot-i m
regard to the government of the District, while
we in Washington are deprived of the privilege
of suffrage. It is. therefore, the most repre
sentative American city, and \a governed by
the people of the whole country through their
Senators and representatives in Congress.
It wan, just one hundred years airo. selected
by the American people as the seat of Govern
ment, auu has ever since been the Nation's
home.
It bears the honored name of Washington,
and is within the District named from the
great discoverer. Columbus, iu whose honor
the Exposition is to be held.
llaif of its real estate and improvements, to
the value of J150.000.000. is owned by the
Government; the other $100,000,000 being
owned by the people of the District.
It is absolutely neutral ground commercially,
which is a matter of unasaal importance in con
sidering the claims of other cities. As it is
neither a manufacturing nor commercial city,
it has no foreign coruin -rce. hence New York.
Philadelphia, Koston, Chicago. St. Louis. Cin
cinnati. New Orleans. San Francisco, Nash
ville. Kichmond. Savannah, Kausas City, Pitts
burgh. Baltimore, and other industrial cities i
idl. i/trio thr tr eie benrjit* of tlw Thrw Atiwricm 1
Krpo*ition. With the Exposition located at
Washington, the various cities mentioned will
have an equal chance in competition for Span
ish-American trade, which is one of the lunda- j
mental ideas of the movement, whereas, if lo
cated in a manufacturing city, that place would
have an undue aud unfair advantage.
It is also, polit.cally. neutral ground, and as
the Exposition of 1W2 will be held during the
next Presidential campaign, it will naturally be
freer from political influence if located in Wash
ington. which is a disfranchised city, than if
located in a Mate which is the battle-ground
of American politics.
It has an Exposition nucleus or plant to com
mence with, which haa already cost over f50,
OOO.uOO. I mean that the National Museum, j
Smithsonian, Washington Monument, the Capi- j
tol buildings, the l'atent Office, and the various j
Department buildings, with their relics, treas
ures of art. and practical working of the Gov- I
eminent, art all practically an exhibit and a !
constant source of attraction to visitors. It is
much more dignitied to keep these valuable .
relics and exhibits at the seat of Oovarnment
than to further engage in the traveling-show !
business by periodically depleting the National
Musi um and Departments iu order to take Gov
ernmental exhibits to temporary expositions iu
other cities, as ha* frequently been done. To i
state the case differeutly, the Government !
must go to the Exposition or the Exposition must j
go to the Government. We believe the Ameri
can people prefer the latter. In view of the I
existing nucleus just mentioned, it is safe to :
assert that the appropriation of Sl&.OOO.OOO,
asked tor in the bill under consideration. is
fully equivalent to ?:>0.000,000 spent in New
! York, Chicago or St. Louis.
| Whatever money may bo appropriated for
Exposition buildings at the National Capital
will be a safe investment, for the buildings
will be needed for all time for Governmental
purposes, aud are not to be torn down and the
material sold at a great sacrifice, as has usually
i been dune at expositions in other cities.
Washington is the capital of the oldest and
foremost of the nineteen-indspendent sister
nations of the Western Hemisphere, and, for
this reason, the appropriate place for an Ex
position uuder their joint auspices. The idea
was eloquently expressed by Hon. A. M. j
Noteldo. late Minister at Washington from >
1 Venezuela, who said: "The four hundredth an- .
niversary of Columbus' discovery of the New :
? World could not be better celebrated than by
, the inauguration of this Exposition in this I
> grand Metropolis, where all the nations of the
ACCCSMIIiLF. PARK.
Our Board has taken no definite action in I
regard to the location of the Exposition :
grounds within tho District, preferring that it
| be decided, an it must be, by a Governmental
, commission.
There are, however, nt least three available
sites, one on Cm itol Hill in imd around Lin
coln Park, another on Columbia Height over
looking the city, another in the I'ark extend
ing from the Capitol to the Washington
Monument, together with the Potomac Flats,
the Observatory grounds, and the property
extending from the Observatory to the De
partment of State.
One of the most important features of a
World's Fair is an easily accessible site, and to
illustrate the wonderful advantages Washing
ton has ill this respect over all other cities. I
invite your attention to the accompanying dia
gram illustrating the la?t mentioned site.
The existing park extending from the Capi
tol to the Monument and Executive Mansion i
contains three hundred acres. Over rotcu i
hundred more acres will be added by the re- I
clainalion of the Potomac Flats, anil two hun- \
dred and twenty more can bo added by using
tlie grounds of "the observatory, which is soon
to be removed, and by condemning tho adjoin
ing and comparatively unimproved property
between F and 11 streets, and the State Depart
ment and Observatory. These two hundred
and twenty acres are above the flood line, well
adapted to drainage and most desirable for
permanent buildings. The whole park thus
described contains one thousand two hundred
and twenty acres and is without doubt the
most accessible site 111 the world for visitors.
All street car lines converge toward or run
parallel with it. All steam lines from the
North. South and West enter it, except the
li. A O. 11.K.. and that adjoins it. The Poto
mac Kiver faces it. All of the principal hotels
(indicated upon the diagram by the round
uots) are so near this park that not even a
street car is needed to reach it. It is within I
five minutes' walk, not only of these hotels,
but of the principal boarding-houses.
Nearly all of tho Governmental Departments
are in or facing it, and, as I previously re
marked, constitute an exposition nucleus or
plant to tho value of $50,000,000. One of the ?
great financial difficulties of expositions in i
other cities has been the inaccessibility at night
and the consequent loss of gate money. Now.
1 venture to say that if the Exposition is held
in this park, and lighted with electricity at
night, the attendance and receipts will be
double what they would be if located in the
suburbs.
Another noticeable feature of this park is
that while it is near the hotels and business
centre it is entirely separate from the better
residence portion of th<icity. An exposition
thus located would not diRurb the quietude of
citizens and blockade the street transportation
lines to their residences as it would, lor in
stance, if located in Central Park, New York.
AuothtT striking feature of this site is that
here the buildings will be of permanent value
to the Government, hence the enormous waste
which has most iuvar-.ably at to tided the re
moval of buildings at other expositions will be
avoided. In view of these facts, the Exposi
tion. if located at Washington, cannot be other
than a financial success.
TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES.
The capacity of the railways tributary to
Washington from all sections of the country is
practically unlimited, bat owing to a confusion
of terms the facts have been misunderstood by
the general public. I mean that the capacity
of the roads themselves, which is ample, has
been confused with that of the terminal facili
ties, which is temporarily defective, but which
can and will as a matter of business be spoeiuyca
whatever city holds the ( xposition will require
many more hotels ami that one, live, or ten
million dollars will build hotels as cheaply and
quickly here as elsewhere, arid that the money
will, as a matter of business and profit, be
readily forthcoming tor that purpose. That
within 45 minutes' ride of the Exposition park,
which is no longer time than from the center
of most cities to their Exposition parks, we
have tho city of Ualtiuiore with its hotels to
draw upon.
And i repeat that as a matter of business the
hotel and boarding house supply will be equal
to the demand as it was in Philadelphia in 1876.
and to a greater extent than there in view of
the permanent features of our exposition plan.
NECESSITY FOB GOVERNMENTAL BUILDINGS.
Vic have prepared no plans for building, be
lieving the details of the Exposition should be
left to a Governmental Hoard. Oil this point
we simply invito your attention to the import
ance and necessity of permauent buildings for
various uees of the Government.
First in order of importance is tho enlarge
ment of the present National Museum into a
Continental or Three Americas Museum. The
present bui.ding, while comparatively new?
not more than 7 years old, 1 think?ia so en
tirely inadequate that there are enough an
tiquities. relics, and exhibits stored away un
packed to fill another building tho size of the
present one. If this is the condition the first
seven years it will, in 18'.?2, when exhibits of
the antiquities, history, and civilization of the
New World during the past 400 years come
here as they will from Mexico. Central and
South America, require a building or build
ings at least ten times the size of the oresent
one. On this point 1 will quote briefly from
the oflieial report upon the condition and
progress of the National Museum for the year
ending June 00, 186G. by Prof. G. Crown Goode,
the Assistant Secretary of tho Smithsonian In
stitution, in charge of the Museum. He says:
"Tho exhibition of 1876 in Philadelphia was
an event of great educational importance to
the people of the United States; and not the
least of its benefits were the lessons it taught
as to tho possibilities for good in public
museums. The objects which were given to
the United States for its National Museum, at
the close of the Centennial, were of much in
trinsic value, but were still more important, in
that tney led to the erection of a large building
for the expansion of the museum itself."
"It is, I think, possible to show that Wash
ington may readily be made the seat of one of
the greatest museums in the world. It will per
haps be neither practicable nor desirable to
gather together in Washington collections of
ancient and medieval art. such as thoso which
adorn the capitals of Europe; but a representa
tive series of such objects will undoubtedly
grow up. which shall tend to educate the public
taste, and to promote, so far as possible, the
study of the elements of art and tho history of
civilization, as well as to forward the growth
of the arts of design. This having been ac
complished, the attention of the Museum
shouid be directed mainly toward the exhibition
of the geology and natural history of America,
and its natural resources, to the preservation of
memorials of its aboriginal inhabitants, and to
the exposition of the arts and industries of
America."
The Exposition of 1892 can be made the step
ping-stone to carrying ont this grand and use
ful idea, and such buildings can with propriety
be erected ill the rear of the Smithsonian and
on the north of it as will be of permanent
value.
Professor Powell, of the Geological Survey,
will, in his remarks, enlarge upon this idea.
Another building greatly needed is one for
an exhibit of working models of great Ameri
i tare ntioas. This would be au exposition
place tho proposed Exposition under the ex
clusive control of the Federal Government,
and to provide the necessary appropriation,
for that is a matter with which you are per
fectly familiar, but I respectfully invite your
attention to a matter of tact iu this connection.
For twenty years or more it has been the well
settled policy of Congress to appropriate lib
erally for expositions in the capitals of Europe.
During the last Congress $2n0.000 were appro
priated for th<* Exposition at Paris, $30,000 for
Brussels, ?25.000 for Barcelona, and ?'tOO.OOO for
Melbourne, Australia. While this action was in
itself commendable and useful in stimulating
the development of our foreign commerce, it is
equally Constitutional t<> appropriate for an
Exposition at our own National Capital. Fail
ure to do so is. in our opinion, a discrimination
against America.
IMPORTANCE OF THE EXPOSITION.
On the subject of the importance and value
of the proposed Exposition the American peo
ple have already, through their Boards of
Trade, governors, mayors. State granges, na
tional conventions, and public press, spoken in
no uncertain terms. Never before was public
sentiment so unauimous in support of an his
torical and patriotic movement, aud why?
Primarily because the American people are
justly proud of their 400 years of history aud
progress, and secondly because the outflow of
American gold to Europe for various purposes
is assuming too large proportions. Over ten
years ago, according to an official estimate sub
mitted to the Department of State by one of
our consuls in Europe, the annual average
spent by Americans in Europe for purposes of
travel, pleasure, art. and education was about
$105,000,000 in gold. During the past year,
owing to the unusual exodus of Americans to
Europe, largely owing to the Paris Exposition,
it is safe to assert that $200,000,000 were spent
abroad for similar purposes. Now why not re
verse this situation by making our own National
Capital the Paris of America in beauty and at
tractions, the Berlin of America in educational
advantages, and the Home of America in art.
This, Mr. Chairman, is the spirit and tendency
of Cm movement we advocato, and we know
that it has tho hearty approval aud indorse
ment of the American people.
From the commercial standpoint the import
ance of the movement is equally great. For
years and years Europe has monopolized the
foreign commerce of the eighteen sister He
publics south of us, which annual commerce
amounts to upwards of $1,000,000,000 in value,
exports and imports combined. We supply
less than one-sixth of the trade demand of those
valuable markets, and Europe over five-sixths.
The recent Paris Exposition, in which the
Spanish-American Republics played a leading
part, has had a tendency to stimulate the
European monopoly. Sound public policy re
quires that the Exposition be counterbalanced
by one at our owu National Capital, and that
the leading and conspicuous feature be the
development of more intimate commercial and
social relations between the Three Americas.
An Exposition based upon this idea will be
the most profitable investment the United
States has ever made.
On the 31st of July, 1886, a member of your
Honorable Committee, the Senator from Con
necticut, said, upon the floor of the Senate:
"As to the value of international expositions,
conducted with proper prudence and wisdom,
1 have not the slightest doubt in the world that
they pay abundantly the nations that hold
thcin. Never has one been held that, in
many respects, has not absolutely revolution
ized the industries of the country which held
it"
These remarks may be applied with double
force to the movement we advocate, for it is
an Exposition with an idea, and the idea is
greater than the exposition, in that it una at
the establishment of an American hemispheri
cal policy baaed upon more intimate com
mercial and social relations between nineteen
American sister nations.
Whether the Exposition will be directlr self
supporting. the gate receipts e-jual to the ex
penditures. is. in view of the indirect benefits,
a matter of minor importance. We believe,
however, it will be the greatest financial suc
cess of any exposition in history, tor the reason
that our plan contemplates permanent build
ings. and therefore no loss in their removal, as
m nearly all previous expositions.
Whatever profits there may be, whether
direct or indirect, will, if located at the Na
tional Capital, accrue to the whole 60.000.0IX)
people, and for this reason our plan is the only [
fair one to be executed bv Federal appropria
tion.
In conclusion. Mr. Chairman and gentlemen
of the Committee. 1 beg to say that the corre
spondence of our board.extending over a period
of nearly four years and supplemented by a
unanimous and favorable report bv the House
Committee on Foreign Affairs, shows that the
4ti States and Territories of this country, the 1*
sister Republics of the other Americas, and
Spain and Italy in th? Old World, expect and
?re anxious to be invited to the commemora
tion of the coming 400th anniversary of the
discovery of America. More than two years
ago the Government of Spam took official ac
tion upon the subject and. through its Minister
of state, notitied Hon. J. L. M. Currv, our mm
isU r at that time at the court of Madrid, that it
had decided "to take the initiative in celebrat
ing in the most solemn manner tlio centenary
of the discovery ot America in the year
and also, "that Sp.uu is ready at the same time
to take part in any other celebration aud sol
emnity wtin-h may be undertaken on th^ Amer
ican continent to commemorate the great
event."
This, gentlemen, is practically an official hint
from the Government of Spain that they would
l'ke to be invited, aud in our humble opinion a
becoming national pride requires that the old
est nnd foremost American nation take the ini
tiative in celebrating the event in a manner
worthy of the greatness, grandeur, and glory
of the New World which Columbus discovered.
Remarks by Myron M. I'arker, Presi
dent of the Washington llourilof Trade.
Mr. Chairm'n find Hewt it-men:
For a period of four y< ars the National Hoard
of Promotion have prosecuted tin ir work from
a National and patriotic standpoint. It was
gratifying to them to know that their efforts
had received the approval of the Governors of
most of the States. It was not until May of
last year that this subject of n National and In
ternational Exposition to be held in 1$W2 as
sumed a financial nspect. We were then told
that the city of New \nrk had subscribed some
thing like five millions of dollars as a guar
antee fuud for this Exposition. This was very
shortly followed by the city of Chicago, which
represented they had a guarantee fuud, or an
alleged guarantee fuud. ut about six tnillious of
dollars, thus going New York one better. St.
Louis hUo gave their assurance of commercial
strength. All of these cities, it will be seen,
stem to have reduced this patriotic question to
one of finance, and to have met it as one whoso
success would depend upon that city which
could bid the most money tor the privilege of
locally entertaining the Nation's guests in cele
brating a National event.
The National Hoard of Protnoton felt that
this position was uuworthy of a great Govern
ment. but realized that it had assumed su. li
proportions that it had to be met. The matter
?an therefore discu sed as to what course
should be pursued. It was first proposed that
we undertake to raise mouev by subscription,
as has beeu dene in New York, Chicago, mid
?St. Lojlis. But after reflection and cousu.ta
tion it" was decided to pursue a more dignified
course, and to memorialize Congress to permit
the citizens of Washington to raise the neces
sary money by way oi taxation.
It was said that it was easy in New York, or
even in Washington. Chicago, or St. Louis, to
say that they had on paper a guarantee fuud of
from five to fifteen millions. It will be recog
nised by every member of this Committee that
it would not be difficult for a merchants' club
to say. we will give five million dollars, or a
maiiufacturt rs' club to say, we wilt give five
million. Hut are these millions always paid
when so Bubcribed? llie people of Washington
are prepared to submit to this Committee a
more reliable pledge ol their financial respon
sibility.
They make this ph dge in good faith and in
such maimer as to leave no question on the
part of the city or the National lioard of Pro
motion to faithfully pc: lorui ail the} promise.
They therefore memorialize Congress to this
effect:
??The undersigned, resident tax-payers of the
District of Columbia, respectfully pct.tiou your
honorable body t??r legislation providing lor
the holding of a Three Americas Exposition at
the National Capital in under the exclu
sive direction aud coutrol of the Federal Gov
ernment; and if. iu the selection of the locality
for holding such an Expositiou, it shall be the
sense of Congress that the question should in
any degree depend upon the offering of a guar
antee fund by the advocates of the city to be
chosen, then we pray your honorable body to
authorize the issuance of $15.0110.000 of the
bonds of the District of Columbia, or so much
thereof as may be found necessary for the pur
pose, to bear such rate of interest and to ma
ture at such time as to Congress shall seem
best, to be sold at not less than par, the pro
ceeds to be paid into the Treasury of the
United States as a fund for the expenses of
holding such an Expositiou at the city of
Washington; any unexpended balance thereof,
together with the receipts over and above the
expenses of said Exposition, to be placed to the
credit of the Di.-trict of Columbia for the liqui
dation of any iudebt< dness of said District.
"This memorial is signed upon the express
agreement that it is not to be presented to Con
en f-s until tax-payers of the District of Colum
bia representing a majority of the taxable prop
erty therein shall first attach their signatures."
Now. as an endorsement to the proposition,
I hold here in my hand memorials signed by
the tax-payers of the city of Washington rep
resenting over seventy-five million of dollars,
over one-half of the taxable property of the
city of Washington. On this memorial I see
such names as C. C. Glover, of Biggs A C'a.;
Samuel Norment. President Central National
Pink; II. H. Warner. President Columbia Na
tional Hank; The estate of the late Mr. Corco
ran; C. C. Willard, Henry A. Willard, Matthew
G. Emery. President Second National Bank;
Thomas E. Waggaman, E. Kurtz Johnson.
President Citizens' National Bauk; John K. Mc
Lean. Gardner G. Hubbard, and other similar
men of wealth. In contrast to these large tax
payers you will also find taxable property of
three dollars, showing conclusively that this
sentiment and method is not only popular with
the rich but with the comparatively poor of
our city.
Had the legislatures of the States of New
York, Illinois, or Missouri, by legislative
enactment, authorized the cities ot those
States uow so prominent in this question to
I have raised this money by taxation, we should
have bad faith in their ability and intention to
have put up as a guarautee fund these ten or
fifteen million dollars about which the people I
of this country and of every country of the
world have heard so much of lute.
We now say to this committee, to Congress,
and to the people of this country that we in
Washington ask permission, if the Government
thinks it best, that the expense should be so
borne to, by taxation, raise this guarautee fund
of fifteen million dollars, and we further agree
that all direction of this National and Interna
tional Expositiou shall be left entirely in the
hands of the Government, and that it shall in
no sense assume a local aspect.
Remarks of Major John W. Powell, Di
rector ot the U. S. Geological Survey.
Mr. Chairman and Gentlemen of the Commjttn:
I appear before you in a somewhat different
attitude from that which I have assumed at
previous meetings of committees on this mat
ter. The last three years I have appeared be
fore the committees of the Senate and House of
Representatives to advocate an Exposition hav
ing certain ends in view. It is not necessary
for me today to take up the line of thought
which I have hitherto followed to show the in
terest and importance of a National Exposition.
That seems practically to have been decided by
the voice of the people, and a determination
has been reached that such an Exposition would
be fitting and proper to commemorate the dis
covery of America. Now I wish to present
another view of the matter.
It is very easy to have an Exposition which
will be of great interest for a few months, and
really of great value to tho people in the dis
semination of information, and perhaps in the
acceleration of the trade and business of the
country, yet at the same time, when the Expo
sition is over, to have the materials immedi
ately disappear, while there may be no real
permanent results coming therefrom. This
wonld be unfortunate, almost a calamity.
In the expositions which have been held
throughout the world usually some feature has
been adopted by which some lasting good may
result therefrom. In London there ultimately
resulted a great collection of natural history
and the fine arts. At Paris they have from this
last summer's exposition practically collected
and established a great archaologic museum,
so that there might be permanent and inefface
able results fsom that exposition. Other exposi
tions throughout the world hare had enduring
results in the same way.
In regard to the one held in Philadelphia
some years ago, these results were saved at an
enormous cost, because of the peculiar circum
[ Continued on Eighth Page.]
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A Dissertation Ox Americas
WINES.
It 1= n<iw nr.iYi>r?*I]j- eonrMM bj- eren thf moat
funatn*l tbat ? .-;??< of tboiuurhljr mm
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furv. tiiu bc.t \\ luea 111 Ibc l^al act.
t
IE A. fcEI.IGSON,
or
1200 ?tid I CO" Pt-nn?. are. n.w.?
"WASU1NOTON. D. C,
am the aole av<-nt for tbe I'aaad'-tia W in., and Braodie?
| aii11 sell at marveloualy lo?- | ricea. 1 have n-ctned
' opli-r. tr< tii net. aiul is^ r alike and all chwtflUftr
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My -0 fi r ocllt removal dwcouut ?U1 be ludcbuitclf
eocuuacd.
i?LXJtSL tOill'AEE MY PRICES WITH THOSE Of
ox utasL
Original i;<vl -mt
FAS ADEN A WISES. 1 IK**
|trt>ai. |?riML
Claret, e*tra quality inm *0 en?
li .rvuiidy I 1 ?*)
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Cbaini atrue. i'liita.dozeu Ill U0 lo 4J
V1UUIMA AND OlllLU AMEU1CAN WINES.
Virtritiia Claret 1 00 80
Nort.'U'n Vii.iuia Tjnnflltlf i>er
dozen 4 00 3 20
S.eetCataooa .UI.uat qualltyi.... 00 HO
I carry tbe liuveat Hook of Iui|>ortcd Witiea. Cor
Ba<:?, Oius. Jamaica aud St. Croix l.uiui an 1 all tb?
l iciu b CorduU. lucliulidc tb? ?tlrt rated aJter-<ilL.ner
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(rreen or oranire.
Tbe olde?t Rye, Bourtmn and Imported WbiakiM
caualwaya be found at my atore. I en umer&te a lew:
TrimMe Pure Rye
MotitH-ello litre Kve I T? tv.?,h .
Perltc tn.u Puie liye / LotuS^veri low
Han in.\ ille J-ur.- h>c t ??r? lu*?
Uid Kentucky Sour Mu?L *
St uU L Wh;?>ky. old 6 00 4 HO
Scotch \\li^ky, xoryold 7 SU ti MM
b<oi? n Wlii-ay, vir>,\ery old.... lt'OU h(KI
JLriaii Whiaky. old 6 00 4 ho
li ikit Wbisi>y. very old 7 .*>11 iUU
Irian WUiaky. ven, very old ... 10 OO MX)
Ueriuau Uotrtreu liraniMeiu (i OO 4 00
I make a *|?cialtyof Uigb-flavorcd Cookia* and
Jelly V> uuea and liranJiei.
B. A. SELIGS0X.
THE WINE AND LIQCOR MLRCHANT.
1200 and 120'- Pccua. ave n.w.
Telej.bone Call 112-3.
dl8-wAa
Mc 31 CNN 8
ELIXIR OF OPIUM
T? a of tho <lrwr by which lta Ir'urlott
eOect* are removed, wbile the valuable medicinal
yroyertn. are r< tamed 11 i-omciki all tbe ae<lativw(
anodyne and auliafaamodic t>oWt r*ot Opium, but pro
duce* no alcknena ol tbe atoinw ti. no vomituic, bo
rontiveneaa. no beadiu be. In acute uerToua diaordara
it la an lnvaluaoi* runcdy, and la rccoiuiut ndad by tb?
beat pbyiiLiana.
E. FERRETT. Arent.
my4-a 472 Pearl at.. New Tork.
R
ADAM'S
MICROBE KILLrB
CURES ALL DISEASES.
The claim to cure all dlwaara may at trat t'acM
aeem very abaurd. but alter reading our pampblat.
frivinr a biatory of tbe Microbe Killer, eiplaminf Uia
(Term theory of diaeaac, and reading our tcatiiuonlala.
which prove con. lumively Ibere iv no diaeaac It will not
cure, tbe truth of our am rtiuo become, clear No
peraon aullerinv from any blooOLihrouic or cuutairloM
diaeaac ahould lot a day i'aaa without ifetun* and raad
In* tlua wtereatinv bock, which will ba mven awwy o*
mailed free. The ir> ntieiueii connected wltb tbla co?i
pany are well-known bu.ineaa luau of Una city. Afwntf
wanted everywhere. Adiltwi
THE WM. &ADAM MICROBE EILLEB 00.
n23-al it 64 Sixth are . New York City.
QKATEFCL?COMFORT-HO.
AlIS'S COCOA
BREAETA8X
-By a thoroturb knowledge of the natural lawi whidft
itvtru the operationa of ?u?nwUoti and nntr.Uon.aai
by a caretul application of lb* hue propertw. of wall
aalecuuCocua. lir *4'pa baa provulad our I raaktaal
tal'lea with a delicately flavored heveiwire which mav
aave ua many heavy doctor.' bllia. It la by lb* JudT.
cioua uae ot aucb arttc.e* of diet that a couatltuUoa
nay be mwdually bum up until .irons eaourh to iw
aiat every teixieocy to diaeaae. Hundred. 71 aubtia
maladiea are Boa una around u* raady to attack w bar
ever there la a weak point. ?e Baay aacap* many a
fatal ahattby kaepiair ouraalvva wall torUAadwitb
cure Uood and a properly BounalMd frama.CtvU
dnrirt Uatettr.
Made almply with bolllnc water or milk. I
in hail-poiUM! tuia by irrocera, labeiad Ibua:
JAMES EPFS ? CO.. Homaopathle
an!7