Evening star. [volume], August 22, 1896, Page 19, Image 19

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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PUNCHING THE BALL
A Healthful and Weight-Reducing
Exorcise.
GOOD ADVICE To YET-1F1Gf8
Beautiful Exhibitions by Champion
Pugilists.
GENERAL DIRECTIONS
rtopyright, 1806, by the Darbeller Syndircate.)
OME MONTHS AGO
a wealthy friend of
Smine, who is some
what of an epicure
and was more corpu
lent than he cared to
be, said: "Macon, I
am fifteen or twenty
pounds heavier than
I ought to be. How
can I take t hat
weight off without
dieting? I am will
ing to work ale,
but I won't d e n y
myself th'i pleasures of the table."
"Punch the ball." I responded. "Ball
punching is one of the best physical meth
ods of reducing the weight and improving
the wind of fleshy people. When a ball is
fought, energetically and persistently, the
exercise produces profuse perspiration.
Every muscle of the body and limbs is
brought it to play and there is little or no
darger of straining any of them, and that
is more thav can be said of "pulley lifting"
and many other kinds of gymnastic work.
Fat fairly melts away from the regular
ball rurichtr, a-id he obtains nearly all the
benefits of sparring without any of its in
conveniences, such as bloody noses, black
eyes or bruises." My friend took my ad
vice, bought him a punching ball, fought
It every day for fifteen or twenty minutes,
according to my advice. and now he tips
the scale twenty pounds lighter than he
was. and he looks and feels 50 per cent
better than he did- before he began the ex
ercise.
The Old Apparatus.
The "punching ball" of today differs very
materially from the "fighting bag" which
was used in the days of Tom Hyer, Yan
kee Sullivan, Heevan and Sayers, and even
in Jce Coburn's time. The bag then used
was a huge affair, nearly as tall as a man
and twice as bulky. It was filled with cot
ton. oats and such like heavy yielding ma
terial natil it weighed about what its user's
intende.l opponent was supposed to scale.
It was stspended by a rope from the ceil
ing in a room so that its center of gravity
was a little above its user's shoulders.
Naturally, in responding to blows, pushes
or shoves. it swung slowly and ponderous
ly. The r'an who fought it not only punch
ed it with all his power, but collided against
It with his shou!de-ra and body. This meth
fr "
od of exire se was In a measure similar to
the jostlirg and shouldering opponents
were expected to receive In a fight.
The "Fast" Ball.
The first "fast ball" worthy of note was
the intvention of the proprietor of a Cleve
land cymnasium, namred Professor Rumsey,
who is credlitedl with being Mark Hanna's
teachor of sparring. This bag or ball was
rr.. rely a rubber ball, about a foot In
dipmeteir, inelose-d In a canvas coveringI
and susnd rom the eIlIng'by a cord. i
The bottom of the b~all, which was hung onI
a evl it is se'sshulr, was ast
oits ue maesewi a measuhurcer iin hto
thne wittthegpundchr'olderon oppt oent
reolexin ae toirceidhve in be figtopedt
bee "teadieull
The fprest fasrml ortunhying note ws
the i aes.ion orhearyopeater fs Cee
land the moveing nsted Pofepisksn. ITume
bahl is ("suatewit useingfo Mar cenabu
weaher h odsparyeing. Tis tago ball wa
oodrey aduisk ll about a ih fot in
danmrr in sed i a This cskvermingy
it is sutspendled from the egar cordg.b
l' oTthe cofdssdn the ball ca hun on
ashoutle wihenser's houldrs, asasdt
ted toballfo by a rubberswrap, which risi
tos revov logitudinaly tourmit e balet
struc.ak fabotar othn hy.yhi n
Jas i o i.kly a'BoudTi P hailewa.
Joh L.a iurvamnt was the pretdecest for
ite madue ah mresnt form quicker in his
traivnn. It fe rayt efe wa he facgt
Paddy Ryan thr punher' posiionhp o itmwor
rca at isasiripp Caty he toabe stopedhibo
The o b p unhingmo pnhingtrais iuar
tes ga Coontruabone soewhatrain toa
blow burot thleblyed y our collansedn
Athr habes.olrdincarymeat"Jhr if use
fe o tet oeg ntada of pigskn. InThe
rbnall sualy uened fom a celn'tgan bt
-wee he urdiry iig."to ig
Domienik Maffret siaso eteet ingdl
azste io guve ubic ehibis dis sl manly
n.hey maer gten i so Boeflrdimnaeml,
bt thuedd rome ih hea eilingaby
s an ion rode "togh"o thatm ameuo
round contest with Charley Mitchell, and he
was frequently told by members of his
'awjence,"1 "Oh, yes! you kin punch a ball
Ill right, but how about Charley Mitchell?'
Corbett's SMil.
One of the greatest exhibitions of ball
punching ever witnessed was that given by
Jim Corbett In Madison Square Garden a
few days before he started south to wrest
the championship from John L. Sullivan.
Dn that occasion the disk used on the
stage was two feet six inches above the
top of his head, and the center of the ball
was just below his chin. Among his other
feats that day he fought the ball with both
tLands as rapidly as he could hit out for
three minutes without cessation. Good
ludges estimated that he sent the ball
against the disk not less than 120 times
tach minute, or 369 times in all. The ball
was blown up very tight and Its resilliancy
nas very great. Assuming that the ball
traveled five feet each time it was struck
It went 1,800 feet in all, or about one-third
f a mile. This was great speed when it
Is remembered that the ball changed direc
Lien 240 times a minute.
Four Great Puaehers.
The four greatest ball punohers in the
stgilistic profession are Tommy Ryan, Jim
7orbett, Bob Fitzsimmons and Young Grif
ro. Parson Davies clams that Ryan is the
est of the lot, and I nm inclined to agree
with him. Corbett makes ball punching one
>f the features of his theatrical entertain
nents. Bob Fitasimmons alternates his fist
ilows with jabs with his elbows and he can
nake the ball fairly "ouch" each time he
ises them on it. Griffo, too, is very good
at this elbow work.
People who wish to punch the ball as an
mxercise should suspend it in a room which,
while well ventilated, is free from drafts.
rhey should strip to the waist, and wear
riothing but drawers and slippers. It ia
well to incase the hands in loose kid gloves
from which the fingers have been cut. This
will prevent any abrasion of the knuckles,
which is sometimes caused by glancing
blows. One-minute rounds are long enough
for a beginner, with two minutes rest be
tween each round. Plenty of good, coarse
Turkish towels should be used to wipe off
the perspiration caused by the exercise.
Five rounds each day are enough for a be
ginner for the first few weeks. After that.
for the next fortnight the length of the
rounds can be increased to two minutes. I
would never advise lengthening the rounds
heyond three minutes and care must be tak
en never to unduly tire oneself. After a bout
with the ball the body should be wiped un
til thoroughly dry, then a quick sponge bath
should be taken, and if the puncher, after
(rying himself, will rub himself with witch
hazel and alcohol and hand-rub himself
rrtl he is perfectly dry, and then don clean
underwear, he will go forth from the room
not only lighter in body and heart than he
was when he entered it, but also wonder
fully refreshed and invigorated.
J. B. (MACON) McCORMICK.
SLAVE SALES IN MOROCCO.
Why Auctions Are Always Held
After Dark.
From the London Daily Telegraph.
There has just returned to London a gen
tleman, Mr. G. Herbert Phillips, who, in
the course of ten months' wandering. spent
nine or ten weeks in the dominions of the
Sultan of Morocco.
The house In which Mr. Phillips stayed
at Fez was the same as that which Sir
Eu'an Smith occupied when he made his
memorable visit there, some few years
back.
"I asked my host," said Mr. Phillips,
"whether there was a slave market at Pex,
as I was curious, If such were the case,
to visit it. He told me there was, and that
he would inquire when there would be a
sale. The result of the inquiry was that
on the evening of Sunday, May 31 jast, I
was conducted to what had the appear
ance of an old-fashioned market place.
There was an open square, and round was
a kind of arcade in which the people sat.
The slaves, who were Soudanese negresses,
brought up from the Soudan through the
tiesert in caravans, were ranged in a re
ness in the corner. The slave dealers,
healthy and substantial-looking men, led
>ut each of the slaves In turn, and In
Arabic shouted out the merits of each.
riese slave sales are invariably held in the
vening, the idea being that If there are
any imperfections in face or figure they
are less likely to be noticed in the twi
ight. Eight women and two girls were
>fDered for sale, and before the actual bid
ling commenced the intending purchasers
rent up to the recess In which the slave.
were waiting and examined them closely.
['he first woman brought out was one ap
3arently about twenty-two years of age,
nithough she might have been less, as they
Age very quickly. She was dressed in a
cind of calico covering with a girdle, There
was bidding in the usual auction way, the
lealers going round and shouting out the
ffers as they were made. The bidding
was, of course, in Moorish money, and the
irst woman was bought for a sum equiva
aent in English money to neagrly f10. Then
a young girl of perhaps ten years was sold,
the price in her case being about ?11. Dur
ing all this I was standing under the ar
:ade, but, being dressed in an ordinary
E~nglish tourist suit, I kept behind the
iloors who accompanied me, and, so far,
tad been unobserved. I was aware that
the Moors object to any stranger being
present at these sales, as they'do not wish
information about the traffic fo get abroad.
[ had seen th'e two sold, and In the case of
the girl the scene was heartrending, as she
yrled bitterly and was greatly distressed.
[ could stand it no longer, and walked out
nto the middle of the square, anti the
arge attendance of Moors present then
!aw that a European was there. They
!athered together in little groups, there
was a hurried whispering among them, the
mnsold slaves were formally marched off,
mnd the Moors dispersed, most of those
>resent proceeding to the great mosque
iear by."
Mr. Phillips proceeded to point out that
t would have been useless for him to pur
:hase any of the slaves and set them free,
Besides giving an encouragement to slave
lealing, It would be mistaken philanthropy.
Aibout two years ago a European, acting
rom the best motives, purchased through
a Moor at this same slave market one of
these Soudanese girls and gave her her
iberty, but as he could not provide for
rier permanently, and she could not go
back to her cwn country, the result was
leplorable.
- - 0 -
Cables Catch Whales.
Prom the Berton Globe.
Submarine cables are usually imbedded
in the slimy bottom of the ocean, but at
sertain pointfi they hang like wire bridges
over deep submarine valleys, so that
inhales and othe' large inhabitants of the
leep may become dangerous to the cable.
O)nce in a while it is the cable that be
~omes dangerous to the whales, as re
sently shown in an accident to the West
urn Brauilian line.
There was some difficulty with the wire,
and after many futile efforts the seat of
the trouble was discovered seventy-six
niles north of Santa Catharina. The cable
ship Viking was sent to repair the damn
and began to take up the wire. After
cable proper had been grappled and
was wound to the surface on the large
Irums provided for the purpose, it was
found that it floated vary much easier and
was more buoyant than is usually the case.
The reason was discovered when in a loop
>f the cable the carcass of a whale of more
Jlaan sIxty feet in length came into view.
[t appears that the whale had become
raught under the cable, and, not being
Lble to lift it nor to go forward or back,
t became suffocated. By its last spasms
ar attempts to free itself the whale had
Iamaged the cable so that the insulation
r= rubbed ofF and tha wire becam u-e
A SECRET OF THE SEA
BT 0, B, LU1U8
(gieright, 1M, by the nahenier fsynicate.)
In the year 1849 the Honorable East India
Company's ship, the Star of India, set sail
from Madras for London, having on board
over 200 passengers, and among them Lord
Glenham, Gen. Swift, Lady Artwell and her
two daughters, and other men and women
of note at home and abroa4 Aside from
her general cargo, the ship carried treasure
to the amount of a quarter of a million
dollars. The bankers at Madras figured out
that.the passengers must have had at least
1100,000 among them, while an Indian po
tentate, on his way to be received as a
guest of royalty, had a strong box of Jew
mIry and gems valued at so great a sum that
no one dared speak it. It was Intended that
the ship should be convoyed as far as the
Cape of Good Hope by a man-of-war, as
there were plenty of pirate craft still afloat,
but the government vessel met with a mis
hap at sea and was detained somewhere,
and the Star finally decided to sail without
her, and there was little fear but that she
could take care of herself. Two days out of
Madras she was sighted and reported, but
that was the last seen or heard of her until
the year 1864.
The loss of the Star made a great sen
sation for several reasons, and when it
was finally concluded that she had been
lost various vessels were sent in search
of her, and every effort was made to as
certain her fate. In 1856 a Malay sailor
who died aboard of an English tea ship told
hcr captain that the Star was attacked and
captured by pirates to the south of Ceylon.
and that he was one of the men engaged
in the attack. He said there were five
native crafts, and that they came upon the
Star In a calm and carried her by boarding.
The s1 ip mrde a long and stubborn resist
ance, but was finally captured, and the
pirates had suffered such heavy loss that
in revenge they killed everybody to the
last child. They then looted the ship and
scuttled her, and the plunder was subse
quently divided on an island in the China
sea. Some people believed this story and
some said it was absurd. The general Idea
was that the Star foundered at sea during
a heavy gale. The dying statement of the
pirate was never fully Investigated for
some reason. So far as the investigation
went it was proved to be a fact. The
pirates had long been scattered, many were
doubtless dead, and the idea of bringing
the gang to justice was given up as Im
possible.
In the year 1863 I was one of a crew of
tihe English brig fiwiftsure, which was
making a survey of the islands to the
northeast of Madagascar. At the Chagos
group. as we were pulling into land one
day, with seven men In the boat, we were
upset In the surf, and only two of us
RIDING ON ITS CREST
escaped death. My companion was a sailor
named Wallace,and while In a half-drowned
State we were swept along the coast of the
island by a current and finally thrown on
shore In a bit of a cove. A boat put off
from the brig as soon as the disaster was
noticed, but only two bodies were recovered.
The three other were pulled dow by- the.
shrsbfr4h otgtt hm e
livn hst hv entesa aeo l
esced death.our exauopanda peare sao
sinae Warighead whiearted haforronted
sfe.Tesrdo weherhep alon wre cast th
iolnd by a crefnn andnal thresten
frmosthoe bri as sot s iethe sate was
daysticed, tngtw boes ofr frehovaerd
mTo the ohered wt dree dond byith
frie, noserchp ad mae forshe pairtfu
ushat ashoprecked befre owenty reov
ered fromwre ncehautiokon thee affi
sgnathe anbari ha departed exorather
ofed The doma nhc wc not ver catwos
moneso aroup inne anydcin the sepaste
most onledo all. had is lietty esme o- t
Wey aeno then plntyo fresh wtre
mosthsicve whe ithaok oerue aondngild
fridt, saimps a shell ofis glso plnthe
tat a sipwreckdeah cre oky twnt over
coul d et of thr fopry moodths.Wlae
birds on were Iinrlaaed to upnte afira
aslar. Gre ercted aofI theaei foms
therse, and afte an thorug texplo ro
ofain ou dofn wihewatras no t overe to
milsacrossv i any irectiiont we epta.
atlkter, and had soo petasy timad eatn
e htatd benon heto the island. he
moThe when weig awoke ne moner, tor
ofin eehikebu a coupee oglass and th
few bshst, andeh souh sky was acover
birdstor thidlwave apeakned toul be ureat
flarm. Grearthquacke. of te am dinuranc
ofthe earth, wel along shoetesshxeet
leapingloat-of the waret Ias idday pol
Infor ayhon ocrraned.Thquake.cThe
sloopohur sel and the a incresed, himnd
ns ythe rthdaons roe had onate
estanytedc fo ther cet oft island.
nonTwehw ere wasahghhlondteentera base
to everthin butahoule dsudde beand a
feuheaesan trmbe soughtht onemedount
ofulhe inute wav ws lknew wudin suelay
tolowa tangerthquwke.ering adurace
ofthe earthwe weehllss1xett
Tere asthinha oe Thoce menacing
rt e, the whoe iln sudnly baeted log
heaveand tremble. For whath sueeed a
Tere wais rer than oshock T rane
through the island from east to west and
out to sea, and we heard a chorus of what
nay be called shrieks of distress from the
birds with each vibration. Two or three
mmnutes after the fourth or fifth shock
Wallace stood up and looked out upon the
sea to the east and shouted to me:
"Lookl Look! The tidal wave is 'coming
In, and there's a big ship on the crest of it."
I sprang up and followed his gaze. Ten
miles away there was a wall of water,
which seemed to lift its white crest al
most to the skcy, and to reach north and
mouth as far as I could see. Riding on this
3rest was a great ship, with her three
masts standing erect and some of the
yards across. For the first ten seconds the]
wall seemed to stand still. Then it came
alling on like a railroad train, and almost
efore I could have counted twenty it
struck the shore of our island and swept]
icroes it. The island was a good thirty 1
!eet above water in every part, while on
die hill we were at least a hundred, but
ill portions save the hill were covered by
tt least ten feet. I had my eye on the c
ship alone. It came straight for the hilL, I
ut as the wave divIded it was swept to I
:he left and struck the earth, and was I
urned full about. While it hung there I
hae waters passed on, and 1o! at our feet, i~
eating almost on a level kee, was as
strange a sight asntJe eyes of a salor' ever
beheld. It was a ship, to %i sure, but one
had to rub his eyeg and look again and
again to be certal.of it. There -was the
great hull-there t three masts-up aloft
the yards, and thelg were scores of ropes
trailing about like slimy serpents. From
stem to stern and .from Ieel to masthead
the fabric was covered with mud and
slime and barnaclbi and sea grass and
shells, and as she tested there the water
poured off her deos and out of her hold
in such a sobb choking way a4 to
bring the shivers. Ot a word had passed
between the pair us while the wave
raced in and acrOW the Wland. and the
ground below us 1iwas clear of the last
water before Wall"o9 said:
"I think this ends ~it, and let us both
thank Godl This sA*f was heaved up from
the bottom of the sea, where she must
have rested for a'.8od many years, but
we'll have to wait a day or two before we
Investigate."
After a couple of hours, to let the ground
tIry out a bit we -descended the hill to
see what damage had been done. About
Dne-half the trees on the island had been
uprooted and carried out to sea, and of our
but not a vestige remained. There was
scarcely a stone as large as a hen's egg
n the island previous to the wave, but
now we found that hundreds of rocks had
men distributed around, while the dead
lih were so numerous that we were hours
Us gathering them up and giving them to
the tide to bear away. Two hours after
the last shock the sky cleared, the sun
came out, and by night the Island was
rairly dry In all parts. We, however, gave
the ship all the next day to get rid of her
water and harden In the hot sun. You are
prepared to hear, of course, that she
proved to be the long lost Star of India.
We found that out before we had been
aboard of her a quarter of an hour, and
Later on we had a dozen reasons for be -
leving that the dying Malay had spoken
the truth.
I tell you that ship was a queer sight.
Eler ocean bed had been hundreds of feet
leep, and the mud covered everything to
:he depth of a foot-In some places two or
hree. Neither of us had heard of the Star
)r her loss, but we knew this wreck to be
that of an Indlaman, and we went at it
:o clear away the stuff and get into her.
We were a full week doing this, and at
wvery turn we came across evidences to
prove the story of the Malay. Three or
'our of her guns were yet in place, and
from the way she had been knocked about
by cannon shot it was easy to figure that
she had made a hard fight and suffered
rreat loss of life before she gave in. Even
before we began work we found the auger
boles bored in her bottom to scuttle her.
rhe great cabin and every state room had
two feet of mud on the floor, and I may
tell you that we worked hard for four
weeks before we got the hulk cleaned out.
[n the mud and among the mold and rot
we found rusty muskets, pistols, swords,
pleces of jewelry, cutlery, crockery, glass
ware and what not, but in actual money
we found only five sovereigns. A part of
the cargo had been wool, but we got noth
,ng whatever of value out of it. Indeed,
when our work had been finished, we sim
ply had a big hulk resting on land a mile
rrom the beach and were only five gold
pieces better off than before. The pirates
lad swept her clean of treasure, plundering
WAS A GREAT SHIP.
he passengers before murdering them,
and we did not find In cabin or state room
5o much as a single bone of human ana:
)my. We made the ship our home for six
nonths, and were then taken off by
L whaler, and our story was the first
iews received of the long lost ship.
['he English government sent a man
)f-war to the Island to overhaul the
iulk, and mementos of her have long
een on exhIbition In the British Mu
ieum. Nothing could be more queer
.han the way she was heaved up by the
sea to be discovered, From soundIngs
nade to the east of the island in 1867-48
t was estimated that the great ship rose
rom a depth of over 2,000 feet. Nothing
ut an earthquake could have lifted her
rom that depth-nothing but a tidal wave
beld her up and swept her to our feet,
ANIMALS' ILLUJSIONS,
Birds Are More Commonly the
Victims.
F'rom the Spectator,
Birds are perhaps more commonly the
rictims of Illusions than other animals,
:helr stupidity about their eggs being quite
emarkable. Last year, for instance, a
ten got into a pavilion of a ladies' golf
~lub and began to sit on a golf ball In a
:orner, for which it made a nest with a
ouple of pocket handkerchiefs. But many
zuadrupeds are not only dieceived for the
noment by reflections, shadows and such
zrnrealities, but often seem victims to II
tisions largely developed by the imagina
ion..
The horse, for listance, is one of the
>ravest of animals when faoe to face with
langers which it can understand, such as
he charge of an elephant or a wild boar
Lt bay. Yet the courageous and devoted
lorse, so steadfast against the dangers he
wnows, Is a prey to er hundred terrors of
he Imagination duie to Illusions, mainly
hose of sight, foalhhyjig, the minor effect
>f these illusions,,anld "bolting," In which
panic 'gain, complete possession of is soul,
ire caused, as a dule, by mistakes as to
arbat the horse seas, amd not by misinter
~retation of whatshe hears. It is noticed,
'or Instance, that.dmany horses which shy
sually start away- from objects on one
.hde more frequently Than from objects on
he other. This is :probably due to defects
n the vision of one on-other eye,
Innearly all cases of shying the horse
hourghr t at somet unfamiliar object
hh thsis commnly quite harmless,
rchy fala wheelbarro0w upside down, a
rilyfled log or a gjlece of paper rolling
beotewnd This instantly beconmes
a, nd luin, Is interpreted as something
Ianitis a curious Question In equine
europathy to knbw >what It is that the
kor figures these' harmless objects to be.
lped to Harwi, tey usuall9objected
0 pass near a donkey. This reluctac
vas explained on the hypothesis that the
ioe s em saw donkeys in Russia and
Liked the Cider.
pOm Anwers.
ome years ago .a well-known foreign
prince, who owns a large estate in the
didlands, invited his tenants to a hunt
reakfast, -at which claret was the-prim.
Ipal beverage. After the breakfast, and
ust before tile hounds were thrown off,
hampagne was handed around in large
ups, when one old-fashioned farmer, after
aking a long pull at one of the cups and
macking his lips, exclaimed: "Well, your
oyal highness, I didn't thinkr much of that
ort wine we had at lunch, but I must say
his cider is the best I ever. tasted-,,
HYPNOSIS MACHINES
Devices to Produce the M umrne
8tate Mechanicaly.
"Ill' ERB AD CM lTtm
Influence of Certain Chemicals
Upon Sensitive Subjects.
USES OF THE POWER
VEN HYPNOSIS
may now be pro
duced by machinery.
We are approaching
a day when the di
rect influence of
' Svengalles will not
be necessary to
throw Trilbies Into
subjective at ate a.
when hypnotists will
exert their powers
through machinery
set to operate at
given times, the
presence of the Instruments being un
known to the subjects. The mechanical
mesmerizer will then find an essential
place In the burglar's tool kit, and we will
have to look under our beds to see If such
traps have been set by our enemies. The
mechanical hypnotizer as now made, how
ever, is strictly a scientific instrument.
The government's bureau of education re
cently purchased a collection of such appar
atus, which are new In this country. They
will be used by a specialist for studying
the values of hypnotic suggestion in the
education of the abnormal classes. Ex
periments will be made determining their
effect upon the sensibilities, emotions,
breathing,. circulation and temperature of
the body'.
An Elaborate Apparatus.
The most elaborate form of hypnotiser
is a small box, containing clock work, sur
mounted by two horizontal oblong fans,
one over the other, revolving rapidly In op
posite directions. The fans are studded
on each side with a row of circular mir
rors, about the size of nickel pieces. The
rapid rotation produces an odd flashing
effect which greatly fatigues the eyelid
muscles of the beholder. This machine is
found to be very effective when used upon
sersitives who can be thrown into a hyp
notic sleep by concentration or sight stimu
lus.
A simpler form of mechanical hypnotizer
is a belt of broad tape to be placed upon
the forehead and over the temples, being
tied at the back of the head. From a me
tallic plate In front protrudes a wire, ex
terding upward In an S-like curve and
holding a bright ball of nickel, about the
size of a marble, at the end. When this is
placed upon the st'bject the wire Is bent
until the ball reaches a point above the
eye, where it may be seen by the wearer
only by intensely straining the eyelids.
The same effect, as produced by the former
rr achine is accomplished by this simpler ap
paratus. These instruments have been
Irvented to serve in substitution for the
gestures, known as passes, commonly ma
by hypnotists. The scientific hypnotist
makes movements before and above tho
eyes of his subject to concentrate his at
tention and to fatigue the eyelid muscles
both by causing the eyes to follow the
movements and by fannirig air against
them. Fatigue of the muscles of the eye
lids is found to he one of the direct causes
of sleep. Persons in no mental need of sleep
may "read themselves sleepy" under a too
bright or a too (im light. A severe breeze
against the eyelids will cause the same
effect.
Magnetic Influentea.
Another form of hypnotizer, in this col
lection, is a large horshoe magnet with an
attached armature. It is given to a sensi
tive who is told to continuously separate
and fit together the two parts. A similar
magnetic hypnotizer is a steel ring to fit
the index finger. The ring is of magnetized
steel and is broken at one place, the space
being filled by a small steel armature.
These two contrivances are used princi
pally for humoring the more unsophisti
cated and superstitious sensitives who fos
ter the belief that hypnotism is supernat
ural. The magnet in most cases suggests
mystery to the ignorant and sensitives of
that class are readily excited by it. The
ring device, also called a hypnoscope, Is
used by some hypnotists for determining
sensitives. Hypnotizable persons are al
leged to experience certain tinglings in the
skin and twitchings of the muscles while
wearing it. A more complicated instru
ment in this collection, which may be used
as a hypnoscope, is a bulb-shaped rod, re
sembling an electrode, which may be
made to create pressure against the
palm of the hand by a spring inside. When
the pressure Is applied the subject is asked
if he feels an electric shock. If he so con
fesses he is rated as a hynotic sensitive.
Sometimes the whole frame will tremble
as a result of this imaginary electrical
fluid.
Crystal Viaions.
Equally interesting devices of a related
class, now growing in vogue among certain
experimental hypnotists, are for applica
tion to sensitives for the purpose of caus
ing hallucinations known as crystal visions.
One instrument of this class is a ball of
crystal mounted upon a handle. Mirrors
and other polished or transparent surfaces
are employed for the same effect. The
crystal or reflecting medium by producing
partly obscured or scattered reflections to
the sensitive mind's eye aid the subje-t
in perceiving unnatural mental embodi
ments of various objects. Many abnormal
persons, habitually haunted by phantasms,
for which visions they develop appetites,
so to speak, employ these crystals and re
flectors for throwing themselves into states
during which they may experience what Is
alleged to be the actual or imagined "sixth
sense" or "second sight." Crystal gazing
has lately become so popular that many
psychic experimentalists in Europe are in
viting tests with the paraphernalia thus
employed, and agents were some time
since engaged by the Society for Psychical
Research to furnish balls for the purpose.
Prof. Win. Romaine Newbold of the Uni
versity 'of Pennsylvania recently made an
extensive Investigation of crystal vision
and found that twenty-two subjects out of
eighty-six could perceive illusions by gaz
ing into mirrors, surfaces of water- and
objects of glass varying in form. Phan
tasms appeared to the sensitives usually
within five minutes, being prec~ed direct
ly by cloudiness, hazes of color or illumin
ations before the eyes. The phantasms
varied from dim outlines to brilliant col
ored pictures. Like dreams some of these
forms were based upon recent experiences
of the subjects, while others were purely
fantastic.
An Experiment.
A simple experiment in thi\ line may be
tried at home by any one who *11 sit before
an open window, at twilight, keeping his
gaze fixed preferably upon some landscape,
distant row of houses or collection of con
spicuous clouds. If the temptation to wink
the eyelids can be resisted until the eyes
become greatly fatigued, so as to remain
open only at a great strain, the natural
images will gradually grow more and more
indistinct, and will apparently arrange
themselves into fantastic groups or fade in
to rapidly changing forms. The abnormal
imagination of a person subject to Uight
hallucinations would readily discern weird
phantoms in such a picture.
Drugs, such as urethane, suiphonal, peaa
dehyde, etc., are now used successfully to
produce a sleep which to all appearances is
hypnotic. Some foreign hypnotists use
ether and chloroform to induce hypnosis.
Recent experiments indicate that there is
a great similarity between hypnosis and theI
action of hasheesh,as well as the newly test
ed mescal, which is used by certain of our
western Indians to produce trances. Phe
nomena very similar to hypnosis is now
noticed also during the ordinary sleep pro
duced by simple anaesthetics, and the ques
tion is being asked, Do anaesthetics produce
hypnosis? A member of the Royal Chemi
cal Society of London recently demonstrated
that man possesses two distinct conscious
nesses. He says that persons under the in
fluence of anaesthetics. while not conscious
of what is happening at the time of the
operation, are sometimes able, several days
after, to describe in detail what was hap
pnnto e them. Wrhat he.n call t.."o
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On the
aday consciousnE as" was absent at the time.
but the "subliminal consciousness." he says.
was present during the operation. Hence
anaesthetics destroy the former and only
postpone the enregistering of the sensation
conductors controlling the latter conscious
ness. It may be that this "subliminal con
sciousness" is the one affected by hypnot
ists.
Senlttve to Drmss.
Recent laboratory experiments have also
been made to ascertain the effects of drugs
upon persons in a hypnotic state. Some
subjects are found to be so sensitive to
drugs while in this condition that they con
tort themselves in various ways when the
substances are not applied directly, but
merely held in proximity to their skin, not
even touching it. Some chemical substanc+-s,
even when sealed in tubes, will cause sen
sitives to alter their bodily appearances and
physical conditions, producing violent con
vulsions, hallucinations, alterations of the
pupils, changes In the pulse-beats, symp
toms of joy, grief or anger and other emo
tional conditions.
The influence of color upon hypnotized
persons has also been tested in the labo
ratcry by subjecting sensitives to rays of
light passing through various screens of
different colored glass. Blue light is found
to produce sadness, red light joy, yellow
light strong sffection and violet or green
light variable conditions. Charcot used a
sudden ray of Intense light as one means
or throwing sensitives into the hypnotic
state.
Just as these instruments for producing
hypnosis are applied to the sense of sight,
other physical methods are applied, in its
induction, to the senses of hearing and
touch. The condition does not seem to be
induced by stimulations of either taste <r
smell. Charcot threw some of his subjects
into hypnotic states by the sharp and
sudden sounding of a large gong. The
ticking of a watch has been used with
the same success by others, the sensitive
being required to concentrate his mind
upon the sound. just as he does upon the
seeing of the revolving fans or nickel ball.
The monotonous chants sung by semi
civilized nations are found to produce the
same effect.
Strokes and Passes.
For creating hypnosis through the sense
of touch, strokings or pressure upon the
skin are resorted to by some hypnotists,
while others apply warm plates of metal
to different parts of the body. Physicians
realize that warmth induces natural sleep,
while coldness tends to prevent it. Some
foreign hypnotists maintain that the crown
of the head, roof of the nose, the thumb
or elbow are most sensitive to hypnotic
stimulation by touch. Some merely
s'ratch the skin of the neck or touch the
forehead. The electric battery has been
resorted to by a few experimenters, who
claim that it is successful. as an inducing
agent. It is said to cause the same imag
inary effect as the magnet.
It is now an easy matter for certain hyp
niotists to transform natural sleep into
hypnotic sleep without the subject's knowl
edge. Thus one .who gces to sleep in a
public place may never remember what
foolish actions he has been made to do
Ouring that period. Hypnotic suggestion is
the latest phase of this whole subject which
is now interesting experimenters. A sensi
tive, under hypnotic influence, receives a
command fram the hypnotist which he
will obey on awakening, altough he is un
(onsciou of ever having received such a
(ommand. This power is used by a physi
cian in Massachusetts, who is said to be
able to stop the most severe pain by sug
gestion. Several people report to the Soci
ety for Psychical Research that he has
given thcm suggestions before they have
gone to the dentist, %ith the result that
their dentstry has invariably been painless,
kxperiments are now being made as to the
valu. of hypnotic suggestion in education.
Its medical value has already neen proven
in France. where such conditions as ner
vous insomnia, sonambulism, kleptomania,
ilziness and varicus forms of moral degen
eracy have been cured by its means.
Ues of Hypnosis.
The power of suggestic n as an agent in
crime is now being talked about in this
country. Men are believed to have been
banged for committing murder while acting
under hypnotic Influence from another.
Some celebrated medico-legalists have pro
posed that laws should be passed defining
the responsible murderers in such cases.
In such an event hypnotism will be as both
ersome a plea of defense as insanity is to
day. The dangers threatened by the vicious
or careless hypnotist have become legally
realized In France and Russia. In the
former hypnotism is forbidden for purposes
of public amusement, and in the latter no
persons except, licensed physicians can
practice It It is said that tilt per cent of
ithe people In thne world are hypnotizable.
The hypnotists, on the other hand, are dis
covering and improving their powers faster
and faster each day. Will they at some
future century become the governing class
If a door is hung
to swnmy one way,
I .. there s no use
* ,~ trying to push it
the other w ay.
.1 .- There is a right
and a wrong way
to do things.
Many thousands
of women in
and would like to
be well. T he y
aremaking efforts
to get well, hut
they are making them in the wrong way.
They are taking medicines prepared by in
competent nurses, or inexperienced physi
cians. They ar alubmitting to exam
inations and local treatment, for which thesem
Is generally no necessity. They are grow
ngsteadily worse instead of steadily better.
Tere is no reason why almost every wo
man should not be well and strong. Over
thirty years ago, Dr. R. V. Pierce, of Buf
falo, an eminent and successful specialist in
the treatment of the diseases of women,
discovered a wonderful specific for woman's
diseases las since become world
mous as .r Pirce's Favorite Prescription,
It cures all forms of female weakness ad
disease, Its effect is immediately ecpi
ble in the better feeling of the palnit
forces ont impuiy soothes e infianema
tion that is always present in disorders of
this kind, promotes regularity, and stops
debilitating drains on the system. It cures
nevuness, ritailty 19epe.mesa*, lac
CREAT FiEDICAL. BOOK FREE.
Every' womaan should have a coyof Dusder
Pierce's Comamou Sense Medical Adviser. R ts
a handosey illustrated wolusa
of womnen. It is writtn a
thre hnrd illsttissu
colored plates. Untif recently,
it was aoid at a dollar and a
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* of sia hundred and eighty thu
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es of the earth, and will the great host of
sensitives become their slaves? Perhaps
that is somewhat the case now. Trust
worthy authorities relate hypnotism with
the same power by which the teacher Im
Presses his students, the preacher converts
his congregation, the pleader convinces the
jury, the cross-examiner "rattles" the wit
new. or by which the orator holds his audi
ence with bated breath. receiving cheers at
every nod. although heard and understood
by few. According to this. Mr. Bryan is a
hypnottst. and doubtless Mr. McKinley is
one. JOHN ELFRETH WATKINS. Jr.
Grand Dukes and COetrews.
A refreshing story is told In the columns
of the Frankfort Gazette: The czar intrust
ed Coint Pahlen, a liberal-minded man,
with an inquiry into the causes of the ter
rible disaster at Moseow on the occasion
of the coronation, and the count did not
hesitate to tell his majesty, in the presence
of Grand Duke Vladimir. that he would
have done better not to put the superin
tendence of the coronation festivals into
the hands of the grand duke. This frank
declaration staggered the emperor. who
asked Count Pahlen to advance his reasons.
The count answered: "The grand dukes are
in their right place in the army and navy.
but If they have to do with purveyors and
purveyance they must. be cheated." The
Grand Duke Vladimir protested against
this, but smilingly Count Pahlen reminded
him of his own had experiences In conneo
tion with the building of the memorial
church to Alexander II. In consequence of
this frank attitude of Count Pahlen. the
minister of justice was ordered to continue
the inquiry. He succeeded in clearing up
the dark affair. but when the investigation
bhgan to take a very disagreeable turn it
was determined to submit it not to the or
dinary court of justice. but to the minis
terial council-in other words, to burke it.
Gladness Comes
W ith a better understanding of the
transient nature of the many phys
ical ills, which vanish before pro pr ef
forts-gentle efforts-pleasant efforts
rightly directed. There Is comfort in
the knowledge, that so many forms ot
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ease, but simply to a constipated eondl
tion of the system, which the pleasant
family laxative, Syrup of Figs, prompt
ly removes. That is why it is the only
remedy with millionsof families, andzI
everywhere esteemed so highly by all
who value good health. Its beneficial
effects are due to the fact, that it is the
one remedy which promotes internal
cleanliness without debilitating the
organs on which it acts. It is therefome
all important, in order to get its bene
flhial effects, to note when you put
chase, that you have the genuine arti
cle, which is manufactured by the Cali
fornia Fig Syrup Co. only and sold by
all reputable druggists.
If in the enjoyment of good health,
and the system Is regular, laxatives or
other remedies arc then not needed. If
afflicted with any actual disease, one
may be commended to the most skillful
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one should have the best, and with thme
well-informed everywhere, Syu of
Figs stands highest and Is mos largly
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