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FOR ZOIOHEALTf Food in Panama Canal Dis trict Carefully Inspected. SUPERVISION OF RESIDENTS United States Is Taking Paterna Care of the People. THEEE CLASSES OF EMPLOYES Workers Divided Into "Gold," "Si! ver" and Laboring Men?System of Meals. r Down in the Panama I'anal Zone tin United States government is taking tin most paterna! sort of care of the popula tion. and the experiment is working well tVhcther it would work so well with s population of millions scattered over s big continent as it does with a populatior of less than eon lined to the smal zone strip, is x question, l>ut some of tlx facts are of interest. Hie people of the zone live under strict supervision. Every one knows about tht sanitary work of Col. Gorgas and his bis? corps of assistants. They have drained swamps, killed mosquitoes, screened houses and cleaned up, the back yards as well as the streets, much to t e ...sgusi of the natives, who thought that this was an unnecessary, if not an unholy, practice. Rut the supervision noes not stop there. .Ml the food is inspected, and, in spite of the distance from the states and the trouble and cost of refrigeration an I the expenses of transportation and loss in a tropical climate, the prices a:e actually lower in most cases than they are in Washington. The Department of Agriculture has heen called Into service in connection with the food, and. in addition to carrying out the provisions of ttie pure food and drug 1 act that obtains in tins country, there is a special inspection ot all foodstuns intended for too zone, with the result that the residents of that strip come near getting what they pay for. and pay less nr it than if they were living at home in the land of the mote or less tree Railway Buys Food. The canal commission proper does not huv the food. This is done by the commissary, which is the Tanama railway, hut as this is government p?ropert.v the difference is slight. However, all the lood lor this big population is bought by contract bj the commissary department, and before it is accepted it is examined to sec thai me Wlioic rumcs up iu sample, and that the samples come up to l ie specifications. This is where the Department of Agriculture comes in. There are branch laboratories oi" the bureau of chemistry scattered over the i niled States from New York to San i-rancisco. The most of the shipments of foodstuffs are made from New Yor.K, and the laboratory of the department at New York does all of the testing. It is assumed before the food is bought that it omplles with the requirements of the pure food law. But a tier the consign1 inents have been submitted tltey are subjected to even closer inspection. There are a good many tricks of the trade that experience has taught the department to look out for. When the commissary buys a nig consignment of pepper it wants to or sure that it is real pepper and that there is not a large admixluie of ground olive pips, as has happened somei.mes with the commercial article. Watch for "Exhausted Spices." ' Exhausted spices" are another thing that the department is on the lookout lor. This happened as recently as last May, when there was a seizure made of f,n?o bales of cloves that were about as much good for flavoring as though they had been whittled out of mahogany. They had been nut thrnueli the extraction nroc re? for getting out oil of cloves, which sells for a good price, and then they were to be turned back into the channels of trade, looking much like ordinary cloves and good enough to adulterate real cloves with, but about as full ol fl?t\oring as so many small sponges. The laboratory has ways of tellinp whether canned chicken has ever been one of Mary's little lambs and whethei chocolate is all from the tree or how much oxide of Iron it has had mixed with it. There are also teats that tel .whether sweetening in a given article it due to sugar, saccharine or glucose. All these, tests, and a good many more are made of every consignment before ii 1a accepted, and the inspectors have what is to some contractors a most unpleasant hahit of picking out samples at randon from a shipment just before it goes intt the hold. Altogether the food that goes to the Canal Zone gets about as thor oughly inspected before it goes as is pos sible. Whether it is because of this 01 not, nobody undertakes to say, but thr health of the canal community is un doubtedly very good and housekeeper: say that it is a satisfactory soctioti ol the world in which to live, partly becausr the prices are as low, or lower, thai they are in the states and because whei one buys from the commissary he or sh? knows what is being bought. Many Eating Places. Koi the benefit of those who do no! keep house there are three classes ol eating paces; hotels, for the gold men messes, for the silver men, and kitchens for the laborers. The Tivoli Hotel ai Ancon is also run by the railroad, bui < aters to travelers as well as to the commission employes, so it Is rather out ol the commissary class; although its foot is from the same governnient-inspectec -ource. The hotels, exclusive of the Ti roll, furnished 17b,meals last year The messes issued 117,.V.?b rations of threr meals each, and the kitchens 1,171,171 iations, also of three meals each. Their are 17 hotels, lb messes and -_'l kitchens An effort is made to serve the meals a! oost, counting in both the cost of tin (ood and the laboi. This made meals i u ? At .. ?.. * ^ | mf iiyiti?' ' curs, H! I HO lllC!*St! 'O cents pet ration. and at the Kitchen! cent." pet ration. W hat will interest the Washingtoi housekeeper most is the weekU scheduh of commissary stoic pines published lr the ( anal Record. This Record is tin ofth ia! newspaper of the zone. The com miosary prices occupv just a column, am include fresh meats and fish, cured am pickled meats, dairy pioducis, poultrj and same and fresh vegetables. Some of the Prices. there are too many varieties to quot< all the priees. but stew ins lamb and raut ton arc 7 cents a pound. Whole fur. quarters of lamb, with the neck trimme< off. are 10 cents. Wegs of iamb aie 2 . ents Veal chops last week were 2: <ent*. beef pot roasts 15 cents, sirloii roast 21 cents, porterhouse 21 ceiu.Poultrv and game wok higher. Pheas *?nts ran from 7b cents to $1 each, tur ke\ was cents a pound and larg< roasting chickens were 11.5b each. Bee liver was 1<? cents a pound, calves' liv? r ro cents each and blue fish 14 cents ? pound. Shad were luxuries at 75 cents, an fresh shad roes were 4b cents a pair Bitter was 1?? cents a pound and Roque fort cheese -iS- Milk was - > cents .?* "Bnareliffc bottle." whatever that ma; be. and celery was 12 cents a head, am lettuce from S to 10 cents. Much of the material beside foodsttil that the housekeeper uses is inspecte before it is accepted to he sold to the in habitants of the zone In. bur. an . < hemistrv is called on to pass on tli percentage of water in the soap, and tn borax Ive. soda and other kitchen ma teriala arc all tested. Of course tl. structural material is tested as well an the commission has repor s on ruhbei wauit asliesto*. structural iron and ste? and cement and dynamite, alt made be foi e th?t are accented for use in th zone \itogether it is about as thorouai K inspected a community as could b imagined and seems to thriv e cn it. % IREPEATSHISCHARGE Bristow Insists Aldrich's Rubber Company Is a Trust. > TRADE CONTROL ALLEGED 1 Says Tariff Was Raised to Benefit Aldrich's Customers. . 5 NO NEED FOR THE INCREASE . Declares His Statements Are True and He Has Not Gone to Constitf uents With a Lie on His Lips. e MILWAUKEE, Wis.. August 13.?Sena? Tor Bristow of Kansas, speaking at Wau kesha vestert lay afternoon concerning . Speaker Cannon and Senator Aldrich, i said: i "I made those statements about those i gentlemen, and what I said is true. 1 am ! not going down to Washington to work ; for two years and then return to my constituents with a lie on my lips just because Cannon and Aldrich want me to." Senator Bristow last night, in a speech ; here, made reply to the letter of Senaor I Aldrich, wherein the latter defended himl self against the charges of the Kansas senator relating to the tariff on rubber. Senator Bristow said in part: "Mr. Aldrich declares that the Intercontinental Rubber Company is not a ? trust, and at the same time admits that it Is a holding company which controls numerous sudsidiary organizations tiiat were organized for the purpose of handling the crude rubber business in various parts of the world. Quotes Aldrich*s Admissions. "He says that neither he nor his family has profited directly or Indirectly by the tariff on manufactured rubber, yet he ad! mits that he is producing millions of | pounds of crude rubber per annum, sell' - . - . - - _ ^ J ins it to American manuiaeuirers, an?i that lie increased the duty on their products when they did not need it for protection and when they already hail control of the American market and were exporting manufactured rubber; that is, lie increased the duty enabling the manufacturers to advance the price to the American consumers, and admits that they did advance the price, yet he says that neither he nor his family has profited directly or indirectly. He admits that I dividends had not been paid before the j consolidations of the various companies j into one, and that after the consolidations ! enormous dividends were paid, as stated i in my speech. j "In my speech at Winileld. Kan.. July J) j I criticised the Payne-AIdrich tariff bill, | referring especially t,o the duties on lead and lead products, cotton cloth and i woolen, especially referring to duties on I cotton cloths and manufactured rubber, j I declared that the duties 011 these various commodities were fixed not in the interest ! of the people, but of certain trusts, contI bines and speculators. Mr. Aldrich in a i signed statement takes exception to my remarks on the rubber duty especially. Other Charges Ignored. "He ignores the other features of my speech. He also made a number of sarj castic references to myself and other republican senators who saw fit to vote in the interest of our constituents rather than as Mr. Aldrich wanted us to. "His opinion of myself and the other senators is of little consequence, but 1 desire to call special attention to some of the statements Mr. Aldrich made in his explanation. He says; " 'It is true that an increase in the rate took place in paragraph 4k.".. which includes certain manufactures of India rubber, with other items, and it is true that I am a stockholder and director in tiie Intercontinental Rubber Company, but none of the other statements referred to contain a single element of truth.' "I stated that this Intercontinental company, after these mergers were completed. which was on the tith day of De. cember, had within three months and four days paid on its preferred stock . dividends aggregating 18.2 per cent. This Mr. AlJrich in substance admits, though he said in his first statement that the ! only element of truth in my entire dis. cussion of the rubber duty was that the , duty was increased and that he was a . stockholder in the company. 1 Mexican and Kongo Output. > "I stated that the Intercontinental Rubber Company owned the capital stock 1 of five other companies in addition to t those absorbed by the mergers referred ) to. and that through some of these com panies it owned several million acres of land in Mexico and was producing from its factories from 800,00u to 1,100,000 ~ pounds of crude rubber per month. ' This Mr. Aldrich admits in his statements. but he declares that the only ele; ment of truth in reference to the rubber * duty was the fact that the dutA- was in[ creased on the manufactures, and that he ? was a stockholder in the Intereontinen1 tal Rubber Company. 1 "I stated also that the Intercontinental ? Rubber Company owned a controlling interest in the capital stock of the American Kongo Company, organized through the concessions given by the Belgian govotrtmonl an#? tliar it rAntrnl 1#?H under * h II J. concession 2.3W>,OtJO acres of land on tlie Kongo In Africa. This Mr. Aldrlch neii ther affirms nor denies, but he knows it , is true. A Trust, Bristow Reasserts. "I stated that since t'ne tariff bill passed f and since the absorbing of these other '' companies by the Intercontinental Rub. ber Company the price of manufactured . rubber lias advanced to the people of the J I'nited States about 25 per cent. This Mr. 1 Aldrich admits. > "He denies that he or h*s family have l any interest in any concern manufactur ing rubber, 01 that the intercontinental ' Rubber Company controls the price of ' crude rubber. Mr. Aldrich knows that i the Guggenheim.-:. Thomas F. Ryan. If. 1*. Whitney and himself are the control1 ling influence- in this Intercontinental ; Rubber Company, and tinder its charter, ' from which I have quoted, it is empow: ercd to transact any kind of business on ' earth except preaching the Gospel, and ' that it. through the organization of sub1 sldiary companies, does transact business in various parts of the world; that it handles large quantities of crude rubber; that it was organized for the purpose of getting control of the market ^id to supply crude rubber and do other things, * and by the controlling of the supply of - crude rubber that every manufacturing > concern in America would be absolutely I under its control. "T1?a nivjHnn r?f this lirtlHiri!? enm pany is a developing process in the or ganization of the rubber business just as j Rockefeller organized the oil business, >. Ryan the tobacco business and the (Jug genheims the lead and smelting business. e . Added Duty Not Needed. j. "Hp admits that the increased duty on i the manufactures of rubber was an addd ed protection given to the American ' manufacturers when it was not needed: * that a* a result of this increased duty y they could advance the price to the $ American consumer without danger of competition, from foreign sources, and T therefore Mr. Aldrich's company would j be able to sell its product to them at - higher prices. If they refused to patrond jjr him. under his charter he has ample e powt r to engage in any kind of competie tion with them and would he backed by - the n>ans. the Guggenheims and Rockr. e fellers, and no sensible man in business d would desire to undertake to compete with those powerful interests. I "Mr. Aldrich further admits that the >- increased duty of manufactured rubber e resulted in decreased importations. This 1- Mr. Cannon in Kansas denied and stated 0 in a public address at Kmporia that 1 made statements in regard to aucb I THE . GERMAN I ADVANCE BERLIN, August 1.?The revolution of 1848 succeeded in forcing the King of Prussia to concede a constitution, but it did not leave the people with sufficient power to compel respect for it. The Prussian government permitted the maintenance of constitutional forms, but proceeded to act as if it were an autocratic despotism. The Austrian government also revoked the concessions made to the revolutionists, and the smaller German states readily followed the example. Constitutions were withdrawn or moditied. and there was great popular discontent. During this period the German emigration increased rapidly, and the United States received from Germany a great number of sturdy German liberals who could no longer brook conditions in their own country. These immigrants became a great source of strength to the American Union in the trying period of the civil war and the subsequent era of development. The German nation appeared to be dying. But the dawn of a brighter day for Germany was at hand. In 18o7 King Frederick William IV lost his mind, and his brother, the Prince of Prussia, was appointed regent. The prince at once set to worK to develop a scheme tor the reorganization of t lie Prussian army, whidh would put into general use the military principles instituted l>y Scharnhorst. He had the powerful aid of von Moltke. The old king died in 1 JStil, and his brother succeeded him under the title of William I. As prince regent, William had attempted to force through tlie diet his expensive army reform scheme, but, as the money was to be raised by a land tax, the prince was deserted by his friends, the aristocrats, and the measure was lost. A new diet was elected about the time William came to the throne, in which the liberals had a great majority. The diet was determined to end the army scheme once for all. It also insisted upon many other liberal concessions from the throne, and was disposed to be extremely truculent. * * * The king had his heart set on the plan to reorganise the army. It was at this stage that, Bismarck's Bold Move in septemand His Bold Speech. ^ ? von Bismarck. In their Interview the king laid before Bismarck his plans for abdication, saying that his convictions forbade him to relinquish his army prograin. and that there was nothing else for him to do in view of the attitude of the diet. Bismarck instantly said: "That shall never be allowed to come." Bismarck told the king that he could accomplish his desires despite the liberal opposition. He then accepted the ministry, without a majority of the diet and without power to form a budget, it was a bold thing to do. but Bismarck was a bold man. The next week Bismarck went into the diet and made what proved to be the most significant speech ever delivered in Germany. He told the deputies that liberalism was not for Prussians; that Germany admired Prussia for its power and not for its democracy: that Prussians were too highly cultured and too hypercritical to tolerate a constitution: that it was the mission of Prussia to lead Germany, and that to fulfill this mission Prussia must consolidate its might. He said that it was well enough for Bavaria, Wurttemberg and Baden to indulge in liberalism and democracy, for they never could play the role of Prussia. He told them that Prussia's boundaries were not conducive to its integrity as a sovereign state, and intimated that they must be expanded and that Germany ought to be united under the aegis of Prussia. He then said: "Not by speeches ana resolutions ot majorities are the mighty problems of the age to be solved? that was the mistake of 1H4S and 184'A? they must be solved by blood and iron." Bismarck did not regard either the speeches or the resolutions of the diet, and the army reforms were carried forward in defiance of the constitution. The world did not then know, but Bismarck the diplomatist, von Moltke tne strategist and von Roon the organizer were at that moment engaged in perfecting the details of the most powerful political and military machine the world ever had seen. * * * The first opportunity to test the efficiency of the new machine came in 1863 in a quarFirst Opportunity to rei with Test the New Machine, over "The sucession to the ducal throne of Schleswig-Holstein. Bismarck craftily induced decreased importations. Mr. Aldrich, in his statement, admits that it was right. Then Mr. Cannon made the misstatements. Contributed Toward Monopoly. "Mr. Aldrich admits that the annual production of from thirty to forty million dollars' worth of crude rubber produced on his plantations in Mexico comes into the United States without paying any duty or taxes to the general government, and in his own statement says that he increased the duties on the products of the .American factories, his customers, thereby aiding them to monopolize the American market, enabling them to pay him better prices for the raw material which he had to sell and which they had to have, yet he declared that he had no interest in the increased duties. "The 1 'tig letter submitted from Sharretts is one of those ridiculous statements that this man Sharretts is accustomed to make to suit the convenience o? Mr. Aldrich when ihere is any explanation made in regard to the tariff bill. It is a long, involved effort to mislead and deceive those who are patient enough to read it. and has no practical bearing on tiie case. "I should have been glad if Mr. Aldrich - ? - t 1 had said something auuui im- ic?u the Guggenheim smelting trust, and about Mr. I.ippitt's testimony in regard to the increased duty 011 cotton cloths and stated why he put increased duty on those cloths when the manufacturers said they did not want it." DICKINSON LEAVES MANILA. To Spend a Fortnight in the Southern Islands. MANILA, August i:}.?Jacob M. Dickinson. American Secretary of War, today left Manila on a fortnight's tour of the southern Islands. The Secretary has been indisposed for the past two days and was compelled to cancel several engagements. Today, however. he attended the celebration of Occupation day, arranged by the veteran organizations, and made a brief address. The veterans today announced their intention of forwarding a petition to President Taft. asking hint to promote Brig. Gen. Clarence E. Edwards to the post of commander of the Philippines. Rules for M. D.'s. ^roni the* British Medical Journal. What is the manner *liat is most effective for doctors to assume at the bedside? No general rule .can he laid down, for the manner must be adapted to the patient. One thing, however, may be said. You may be rude like Abernethy, genial like Sir Astley Cooper, courtly like Sir Henry Halford, but, like St. Paul, unless you have charity?that is to say, practical avmpathy?you are nothing. I There is nothing the patient resents so 1 ix. I The Formation of I the Empire. ? ? By I FREDERIC J. HASKIN | \w. ^itfi!^S8r5SnSS^8SSSfSl Austria to join him, and in 1864 the Prussians and Austrians together fought Denmark, and conquered Schleswig-Holsteln and a portion of Jutland. Bismarck intended to annex the territory to Prussia, Austria intended to keep it neutral. The joint occupation of the territory by Prussian and Austrian troops made inevitable the quarrel which Bismarck was deliberately fostering and which was necessary for the working out of his'schemes. Karly in 1 Nf?t> the Prussians politely but firmly forced the Austrian garrison out of Holstein. Austria appealed to the ghostly diet of the confederation, sitting at Frankfort, to use the confederated army against Prussia. June 14 the Austrian motion was carried by the diet, an action which proved to be its last, for the next day Prussia wrecked the confederation by declaring war against three of its states ? Hanover. Hesse and Saxony. There was no formal declaration of war against Austria, the Prussians simply notifying the Austrian commanders to get ready for a fight. Bismarck already had concluded a secret treaty with Italy. June 17 the Austrian emperor published a manifesto of I war. the next day the Prussian king is| sued an address to his people, and two i days later Italy declared war against 1 Bavaria and Austria. Thus was begun the seven weeks' war. which was decided 1 at Sadowa when the Prussian army ut| terlv defeated the Austrians. Prussia | was prepared: Austria was not. Prussia was organized: Austria was not. j Austria renounced its claims in Holj stein, acknowledged the final dissolution j of the German onfederation and bound | itself to a modification of the meaning | of the word Germany, by which Austria was excluded. It also recognized the creation of the North German confederation. Prussia thereupon announced that it bad annexed Schleswig-Holstein, the free city of Frankport. ihe kingdom of Hanover, the electorate of Hesse and the duchy of Nassau to the dominions of the Prussian kingdom. Saxony, the two Mecklenbergs, the three Hansetowns, Oldenberg, Brunswick and the Thuringian states, joined with Prussia in the North German confederation. Added to all this the southern states of Bavaria, Baden and Wurttemberg. although not in the northern confederation, agreed to place their whole military force at the disposal 01 rrussta in case of war, Prussia in turn guaranteeing their sovereignty. The success of the Prussian program greatly alarmed Napoleon III, then dreaming dreams of a greater French empire. Napoleon attempted to get control of the grand duchy of Luxembourg, and thereby incurred the enmity of the Germans. in this act Napoleon did more to cause the south Germans to consent i to the Prussian leadership than Bismarck ever could have done. Jn 1870 the Spanish cortes invited an obscure prince of the house of Hohenzollern to take the Spanish throne. This was construed by the French as a blow to their dignity and as in derogation of their interests. * * * Napoleon sent his ambassador to Ems to see King William. The king granted him a couri Bismarck Prepares Way teous interto Strike at France. Bismarck edited the newspaper account of tlte meeting, so that it appeared that the Prussian king had insulted the French ambassador. The telegram with its Bisinarckian elisions and amendations went out to the world, and in a day all France was on fire with furious hatred for the Prussians. Bismarck was ready for a. war with France. He had been practically ready for a decade: every detail of the war plan had been finally determined for more than two years. France was not ready, but France de-. 1 dared war. The terrible efficiency of the Prussian military machine again was demonstrated ; and within a few months France lay prostrate under the heel of the Prussian invader. Toe absolute supremacy >i Prussia in German affairs was not ques1 tioned in any quarter after the victory i over France, and it was but a mere matIter of formality to unite the several states into an empire. The King of Bavaria proposed to the other German princes that the German states form with Prussia a new German empire, under a constitution. the presidentship of the confederation to be a hereditary right of tiie King of Prussia. January 18, 1871, King William I of Prussia, in the mirrored gallery of the palace of Versailles, formally assumed the imperial dignity with the title "Deutsclier Kaiser." Bismarck had cemented the German states into a German nation and had founded a new German empire based upon the solid foundation of the German nationality, and not upon the ghostly inheritance of the Roman Caesars. Tomorrow?THK GERMAN ADVASCE. X?The Tariff an a Factor. much as apparent indifference, or what he calls want of attention. 011 the part of the doctor. We have known an i'.l-timed jocularity shake a laboriously built-up edifice of faith to its foundations. On the other hand, a gloomy manner has a disastrous effect 011 a nervous patient. A family physician of the past used to relate how, when taken to his first important case by a professional pat ion, he tried to adapt himself to the situation by assuming an aspect befitting the Knight | of the Sorrowful Countenance. The elder physician, observing this, said: "For heaven's sake, man, don't go into the sickroom with that long face; they will think you are the undertaker;" Of one fashionable physician it is related that when he paid his usual call to a patient one day he was informed, with her ladyship's apologies, that she was too ill to see him that day! How much should be said to a patient must depend on circumstances, but the doctor should in all cases tell the truth and nothing but the truth. He need not, however, always tell the whole truth, for two sufficient reasons: It might not be for the patient's good. and. again, he may not be sure about it himself, and he has no right to disturb the mind of one who looks to him for comfort by suspicions which may be unfounded. Men's Dress, and Women's. From 1 he f.omlon Times. Is it quite certain that the female now adorns herself solely or even mainly for the purpose of attracting and captivating the male? YVp havp f??? ?wt~ j cm i ICll 1111*5 l|UC?tion open by saying that she apparently and ostensibly does so. Perhaps in the beginning of things she did so exclusively. Rut nowadays it is at least an arguable proposition that when she adorns herself most cunningly she does so with at least as keen an eye to the judgment, let us say. of Minerva and of Juno?that is, of her rivals in Iter own sex?as to that of Paris himself. Who are the keenest and most observant critics of women's dress?men or women? Women, most assuredly. Send a man and a woman to any fashionable gathering and the woman will come back with a complete and minute catalogue of what was worn by nearly every woman there, while the man will not be able to teli you more than that this or that woman was very becomingly dressed. Thsre arc, so far as we know, no newspapers of general circulation devoted mainly to the dress and adornments of men. There are plenty devoted to the dress and adornI ments of women, and yet we doubt if any average man ever looks at one of ! them. The truth is. we take it, that J men for the most part dress mainly to please themselves, whereas women for the most part dress not so much to please the men as to rival one another. In spite of concessions to the capricious I despotism of fashion, the dress of men is, on the whole, more or less roughly adapted to the convenience of their several occupations, and this tendency is a growing one. Can we say the sama thing of the dress of women? Certainly not to anything like the same extent. MOON UK[ HADES Earth's Companion a Dead and Desolate Glob'e. MYSTERY OF ITS CRATERS t May Be Due to Meteors or to Former Heat of the Earth. LUNA'S FACE WELL MAPPED Its Surface Better Known to Selen* eographers Than Earth's Is to | Geographers. | By Edwin Fairfax Naulty. Of all the spectacles of weird desolatior ! tliot tha a\'u a/ rwo a Uo? ,,,ui vi. maII iia.i ri ci urnciu tho surface of the mooji presents the most awe inspiring. The'most arid and broken desert on the earth is a garden spot compared with the pitted and leprous face of our satellite. * Even a lava bed looks fertile in comparison. It seems improbable that a greater contrast could be found in the heavens than the supremely vital earth and her companion, the deai! cosmic cinder, that keeps place with hei in the heavens. If Mars is a puzzle to us what a puzzle the earth and her moribund twin must be to the Martians. The artist, drawing on his imagination for an inferno, could produce no more desolate picture than that presented by a photograph of the moon's surface or by the vision of the moon in a large telescope. In the last the apparition i! somewhat softened by the beautiful effect of refracted light on the eye, but the camera lends no such guile to its record. The Brahmins believe that hades is in the shadow cone of the moon, but even the part of the moon in full sunlight is dreary and desolate enough for our dearest enemy. We See C^ly One Side. Seleneographers are familiar with about five-sevenths of the moon's surface. That is, they see more than one-half the moon's surfa e during the year. As the moon turns on her axis in the same time that she Completes a single orbit of the earth we can see only one side of her globe. The other side isa perpetually turned away from the earth. But when the moon is in the southern sky in the summer, and when it is in the northern sky in the winter, and when it is in the east: and in the west the various changes in position enable us to peek over the rim, so to phrase it, with the result we have charted about fivesevenths of the moon's surface. It may surprise many to learn that the maps of the moon are far more accurate than the best maps of the earth. A little thought will show that this must bt so. since we have a perspective of th? moon and can see and study and chart at least one-half of her surface at once, while our actual vision of the earth's surface. even from the highest mountain, is bounded by a very small circle. And it is the marvelous photographs of th? moon taken at all the great ohservatories at different times, that prove conclusively that physical life as we understand cannot now exist on the moon. That does not mean that it never did, nor that the moon has always been in her present degraded state. She may have once beer as vital as ,the earth, but she is now truly the Cinderella of the sky and seemingly without hope of any fairy cosmic godmother to change her state. And yel even the now dead and dolorous moor may be the rough foundation work of a future blossoming planet. Thickly Strewn With Craters. Almost all the visible surface of the moon is thickly strewn writh what we are pleased to term "craters," the existence of which is usuali.v attributed tc volcanic action in the moon itself. But these "craters" make our greatest volcanoes seem like pin pricks. To me the <raters have always seemed like tlie result of external heat blistering the surface of the moon turned toward the earth, as if in some eternity old epoch the earth was a huge globe of incandescent fire and the moon so close to il that it suffered accordingly. If the moon be really a lesser planet captured by the earth in some far-off time we might conceive an era of destruction that is appalling. The moon, equipped with atmosphere, water and land, is drawn out of its previous orbit by tlifc superior attraction of the earth, aided, possibly, by the same cosmic catastrophe that caused the planetoids, and swings Into an orbll about the glowing earth. This orbit may have been much nearer than the preseni one of tne moon. 1 ne iremenuous neai to which the moon-plinet was exposed first dissipated its atmosphere, next reduced its water to vapor, then dissipated that vapor, into which, by the very nature of things, ail organic life had beer dissolved, and then reduced the inorganic substance of the moon planet to a plastic heated mass. This globular mass, continuing to revolve in the great heat of th< primal earth, gradually cooled as th< earth cooled and left a record of this last state in the "craters," those titanic blisters that pit the present surface 01 the moon. Most of the lunar craters have in theii center a sharp cone. Encircling this usually at a great distance, is the rin of the crater, ft does not seem reason able i hat such huge rims could be disgorged from such small center cones Other craters look as if they were de pressions in the mean surface of th? moon. One is struck by the fact thai they look as if they were the result ol some round, plastic body striking tlx moon at great speed and splattering ovei ?he surface. In some cases craters over lap each other, looking much as if tw< meteors of great size had struck th? moon near the same point. Bombarded With Huge Meteors. If one examines a photograph of tn? moon, he will be struck by the fad that the major surface of the moor seems smooth and round as a billlarc ball and that the o-aters seem imposec on this smooth surlace. For a'l the worlt as if one took a smooth metal globe anc shot putty bulls at it with great force The plastic putty will splatte in mud t hr> samtt u*uv as ! h#? c'raters spam 1r Splatter. One of the greatest craters or the moon is Tycfco. in the southern hemisphere. In all directions from Tyeh< extend straight "ravs," giving the whoh the appearance of being the result of s great meteor striking the moon with sufficient force to fracture its surface. Th' rays seem filled with materia different from that composing the smooth body ol the moon. As if. at the time of the accident. 'ire moon had a hard shell, covering a molten interior, and the impact o1 the meteor was sufficient to crack this ' outer hard shell and cause the molter 1 mattei beneath it to gush up and til the cracks. ! The craters of the moon may be due t< either of these two causes or to both ol them. Mechanically these causes would com to be more ant to produce the results actually visible on the moon thar lunar volcanic eruptions. T can find objections to some of my own theories ai well as others, and the greatest objection to the meteoric bombardment theory Is the regular circularity and ovalitv of the craters. It would seem that the meteors must have all hit the moon head on. t Yet some of the ranges look like a glancing blow, and one cannot escape froni the conclusion that the craters seem piled up on an originally smooth globe, rather than ejected from below by volcanic action. A Supreme Contrast. Xo greater contrast exists in our solar system than that of the live earth and the dead moon, apparently eternally linked in companionship. That leprous, cosmic skeleton, flaunting its sun-bleached bones across onr sky, that celestial sphynx. that sepulcher of creation, is a nightly reminder to us of the impermanence of all matter. Yet though the I moon be organically dead, it is not a ! T>OE Anglers who are enjoying the sport on salt water are taking care to provi'de themselves with tlsh for the winter, while the bass fishermen are I satisfied to catch enough to send to a f?w friends. The question of putting down fish for tne winter never appealed to bass fishermen, partly hecause they seldom get fish enough to j make a showing, and also for the reason that bass is not a good fish to put In salt for later use. "Why not put up the fish?" queried , an angler who had been on the lower ' river for a two-week outing. "It's very little trouble, and the fish put up j in that way taste better than fish 1 bought in the winter." ' The angler who made the statement had been down the river with a party 1 of friends, and had had exceptionally good luck. Members of the party had ! all the fish they wanted to eat. while the surplus fish found their way to the ! I salt barrel. . "I have two small barrels of the ' . fish." the angler added, "and this j winter my friends will be glad to get i some of them." Each day when the anglers returned I i from the river they cleaned the fish | , and set aside what was needed for the table, putting the others in brine and j allowing them to remain until they i were packed in barrels to be shipped ' . home. Next w inter the angler will i smoke some of the fish, and he will be | in a position to sav he is not greatly I ; affected by the high prices. Many Washingtonians are indulging in ' the sport of salt-water fishing in the 1 vicinity of Solomon's Island, where water 1 of all depths is to be found, and where boats and bait 8re easy to get. The island is at the mouth of tne Putuxent river, overlooking Drum Point, one of the attractive points on the bay. while to the north is the river. Both bodies of water offer attractions to anglers, and some large catches are reported to have been made there during the last few days. "Trout and tailors running fine; 27."> . pounds today." was the message received from Fred J. Mersheimer. In order to reach Solomon's Island with! out going to Baltimore and making ihe trip down the hay, Mr. Mersheimer and a 5 useless attendant. It Is the governor of the earth's engine. Without it theie would be light tides and probably only sluggish ocean currents. It plays a part 1 in the magnetic state of the earth, it figures in meteorology, it lightens the long gloom of the arctic and antarctic ' night, it has probably aided in many s matrimonial ventures and is beloved of ' the rpymster. If, in itself. It is the abode of desolation and death, whether 1 it be daughter of the earth or stranger : bond maiden, enslaved from the depths of space, whatever its past or its future. it is now as essential to the earth as the earth's own atmosphere, since were 1 ' ? * * ? -J ? * i ine earin now nepnvra 01 mr muun : the result would probably mean disaster . to the earth. DIFFERS WITH THE VIEW [ TAKEN BY DR. HOWARD I Plumbing Inspector Says Modern Sewer Traps Do Not f I Breed Mosquitoes. i , A. R. McGonegal. inspector of plumbing, said today that Dr. 1,. O. Howard, the government entomologist. Is wrong! ! when he blames back yard sewer traps J ' for the breeding of mosquitoes in such; terms as he used In an interview in The i Star published Thursday. "The sewer trap is responsible for bad conditions when the householder does not , treat it right, but it does not breed mos quitoes." [ The illustration furnished to The Star I for use in connection with the statements t made by Dr. Howard does not portray a ' modern sewer trap at all, according to c Mr. McGonegal. j "That style of trap has not been placed . in back yards in this tow n for ten years. 1 Occasionally we find some, especially in Georgetown, but as a rule they nave Deen [ supplanted by a modern style of trap which has a water seal about twentyfour inches below the surface. That old s style, of which the illustration was an accurate delineation, allowed water to 3 stand for several days, it was because we wanted to get rid of all chances of f standing and stagnant water that the regulations were changed to do away " with that old style. " In the new style trap the water stands. ?a.y, two feet below tne surface, and the area of the surface of the water in the pipe is about r_'.5U inches. In the old time trap, such as was pictured, the sur- ! face area of the water could nave been ! s in the neighborhood of WO square inches, 1 and was near the surface or" the street or ' pack yard, and mosquitoes would natur-j I ally breed there. " In the new st.\ le the water is so far below the perforated top that mosquitoes > will not breed there. ? * Foul Air From Sewer Traps. But there is something that the sewer | trap does when not properly cared for, and ! l think ir is a worse condition than the breeding of mosquitoes. 1 refer .to the J way people let their water seals in sewer I traps evaporate. "In these traps the water evaporates ' at the rate c' one-eighth of an inch a I day. In twenty days all tne water in the majority wiil be gone, and the pipe being 1 clear foul and noxious air will come from ? the pipe, making life a burden to those 1 who are near it. This happens in the case of people who leave their houses > shut up for the summer. In the o!d! tashioned trap the water evaporated in1 much less time. "Kerosene poured in water traps will not ; only kill mosquitoes tif any existt. but it will prevent the water from evaporating. ' Pour a little of it into the drains when vou go away and they will be full of J water when you get bacK. > Dr. Woodward's Observations. I Notwithstanding what Mr. McGonegal has to say about the breeding of mos\ quitoes, Dr. Woodward, health officer, I pays considerable attention to the claims of Dr. Howard. Dr. Woodward said that i he has found malarial mosquitoes breed" ing in a back yard sewer trap, and that 1 If he could he would have every sewer 1 trap, drain and everything else that 1 eould possibly contain standing water ; treated with enough kerosene to kill all 1 the wrigglers that eventually take wings and become disease bearers.* 1 ! cannot cio it now because I have ( not enough men. I am handicapped in 1 that way. In the matter of the law on the subject, it would be only a technical violation of the law to have a man shin over the back fence of a vacant house to pour kerosene down the trap, and I think no one would object to it." Prof. Peck leaves 6. W. U. Paul n. Peck has tendered his resign*- ! tlon as assistant professor of mathemattes at Geor*e Washington University ' i to take effect August 31. Mr. Peck will j devote all his time hereafter to the work I ' of ? preparatory institution he founded last year. _ ' ! I party of friends went from the Oheea- c: (peake Beach railroad bridge Sunday to I n the island in a launch, enjoj^ng the h scenery of the lower river and reaching a there in quick time. S Tn the party, with Mr. Mersheimer, were 9 Mrs. Mersheimer. Pickering Dodge. Joe ; Wood. A1 Hollander. Dr. Oeorgee and C, a | Spencer of New York. The island was h reached in good time, and most of the o party registered at Capt. t'ondift's. others s going to Dr. Marsha. t< Bright and early Monday morning the n I anglers set sail and were soon on the tl ; fishing grounds. It was but a question of f | a few seconds before it was fully realised I that great sport was going to be had. h i Trout and tailors came thick and fast, h land Mr. Mersheimer was so tired at the j! end of the day's outing that he wanted t I to do nothing but eat some of the ttsh. a o . One. two and three pound baas were | plentiful last Sunday in the Potomac river in the vicinity of Weverton and \. Knoxville. They may also have been t pientmu tn the Shenandoah river, nut , (fame wardens were also plentiful, and it h was because of their presence about the ii river that "Col." John W. Hurley and j, William J. Sturbitts chose the fisbing grounds nearer home. t "I never heard of fishermen getting so t many strikes as they did Sunday." said c one of the pair of anglers, "and nad we jgot a fish every time we got a strike the c boat would not have held them." "That man Hurley beats anything I ever saw." said Sturbitts. "We went out from the same place and fished in the same a water, but he outfished me. getting six- 13 teen bass, while I got only three." s "Col." Hurley says it's all in knowing how to entice the fish and when to give ' them the hook. v "The trouble with so many anglers," he said, "is that they are in too great a hut- a ry to catch tlie fish, and they only pull r the bait away from them." * "Have patience." he added, "and the " fish are yours, but it is a repetition of the 1 old story of baste making waste with so many anglers." Mr. Sturbitts caught the largest Bsh of F the day. the bass weighing three pounds. I "Col." Hurley caught several that weighed I two and a half pounds, and his friends S have been feasting on them this week. f t Iaike Kearney and George H. Cooke t went to Weverton ahead of "Col." Hur- 1 ley and William Sturbitts last week to d ALEXANDRIA AFFAIRS1 mmmmmmmmmmrnmrnmatm Death of John R. Cross, Con- ! federate Veteran. ? 1 FUNERAL OF MRS. BERRY ' Minor Cases Disposed of in Police , Court?Recent Sales of Real Estate. I Special Correspondence of The Star. ALEXANDRIA, Va., August 13, 191o. ' John Reed Cross, seventy-five years old, i died last night at the Alexandria Hospital following a lingering illness. Air. Cross was a native of this city, and was a carpenter. He served in the Confederate army. He was formerly identified with the Friendship Veterans' Fire Association. The body was taken to Demaine's undertaking chapel and prepared for burial. Walter D. Trimver, son of John H. Trimyer, died late yesterday afternoon at his father's home, at Braddock -Heights, Alexandria county. He was eighteen years old and had been ill a long time. His funeral will take place at 5 o'clock tomorrow afternoon from the Methodist , Protestant Church. Mrs. Mary J. Berry, sixty years old, j died yesterday afternoon at her home in ! F St. Elmo, Alexandria county. Three J daughters and one son survive. Her fu- j g neral took place at 3 o'clock this after- t 'noon from her home. Rev. J. W. J.ang- j a I ford, pastor of the Del Ray Baptist l Church, conducted the services, and the j t interment was made in the Methodist j v Protestant cemetery. j t In the Folice Court. j Cases disposed of in the police court this morning were as follows: Abraham ' Ray and Charles Lucas, colored boys, disorderly conduct and fighting, fined ) $1 each: Mamie Fuller. colored, 1 i vagrancy, fined $5; Rufus Robinson and ' | William Brent, both colored, disorderly 1 I conduct and fighting, the former acquit- j ted and the latter fined $5; James Wells I and Pearl Brown, both colored, dis- t j orderly and fighting, fined each. c George T. Klipstein has sold to Kd- I ward C. Haynes a two-story brick i dwelling house on the. west side of Pat- f rick street between King and Cameron streets. The deed was placed on recI ord today in tiie office of the clerk of 1 the corporation court. i Thompson <? Appich. real estate deal- j ers, have sold for Frank La Redour, j | I.. | Forget the W; / by reading the delight if entertaining special a ; | Sunday Magazine. if The features inelc if MY POCOMO PRC : C. King. if THE END OF ' f THREE, bv Rov , X '00 ; TOUCHING ON T1 j Sewell Ford. [ WIZARDS IN JUG j ward Bonnie. || SEEFASDAY THE by R. St. John Per FUN ON THE 1 FORM, by Strickl; Another installment CHAUFFEUR, b; And a double-page MOTHER'S MO Montgomery Flag? 4 trip on the trail of the successful ar.gler ml to make an effort to "got next" to is methods. They reached there ar iln head of him and intended to remain over unday, hut luck did not favor them aturday and they relumed home -Col." Hurley and his companion wer~ t Weverton Saturdav night with a washoiler rilled with bait and having the ther necessaries to make their trip a uccessful one They even offered l*it r> their two friends, hut Kearney said lie ad had enough. He hail only six ti.-b as he result of his day's efforts, hut he reused to say w hat his companion hadAfter he reached home. Kearney said e was glad he did not remain, basing is remarks on t*ie accidental killing of lurley's bait, hut when lie was told of he sixteen fish he changed his mind, nd now lie's going to try to get a string f them. Joe Hunter, whose success as an angler s well known to all local sportsmen, retimed from Pennifleld's a few dais ago rlth a string of sixteen base Joe used its fayorlte bait, fat meat, and the string le had was one of the bt?t that has been eon this season. Sev eral of the bass weighed more ^han hree pounds each, others weighed mote ban two pounds, while none was less than me pound. The flsh were caught In the toles that were fished by the late President "ley el and. Capt. Charles T. Peck. Detectives Baur nd Mullen and Edward Kelly, all mem?crs of the police department, have been iving Colonial Beach cottagers a few lesons in salt water fishing. Ringgold lart, secretary to Inspector Floardman ras also in the party. The seyeral anglers fished every creek nd hole near the excursion resort, and rtade some good catches. They >aught atlors. spots and bluefish. and. while the Ish were not so large, they were pleniful. Justice Daniel Thew Wright, William C. Ambrose and M. K. Casey went to ilakistone Island this week aboard th*> tan. the private yacht o' the Justice. Several days ago Justice Wright took his amily to their summer home at Blakiaone, and while there he and his friends till spend a number of days trying their uek for flsh, and they may shoot a fewlucks. Honda, to Mrs. Sarah James, a farm ocated in Fairfax county. New Sidewalks on King Street. The work of laying live granolithic sidewalks on the south side of King street between Washington and St. \saph streets, has been completed. Elmer Thompson, who has been spendng his vacation at Colonial Beach, has returned. A meeting of Potomac- T,odge of odd Fellows was held last night and consld;rable routine business disposed of. NEW PHASE TO RICE CASE Coroner Promises to Hake Public Some Important Discoveries. CLEVELAND, Ohio, August 13.?Four vitnesses were called to testify at tolay's session of the inquest into the leath of William L. Rice, murdered nillionaire attorney. They were Miniger C. T. Harwood of the Euclid ^lub where Rice spent the evening >rior to his death; Ernest C. Aleyer, a >rother-in-law of the private secretary o .John Hartness firown, Rice's former lient, and the chief witness yesterday, in employe at the Euclid Club, and a itreet car conductor. The coroner has promised 10 make >ublic Monday the result of a secret nission he had yesterday with William diller and Eugene Pallardi. employes ,t the undertaking establishment rhere Rice's body was taken. The oroner refuses to tell the nature of hese witnesses' testimony, other than 0 say ft places an entirely different speci on the whole case and much of he testimony already given. Harrying the Deaf. rent the Sew York Sun. "How to notify a deaf person who Is letting married when it is time to make he responses puzzles every clergyman,'' curate said. "If a person is only sliglity deaf I can make him hear by raising ny voice, or if he is afraid to depend jpon his ears a nod tells him when it i< lis turn to say something. But I married 1 couple the other day who distrusted )Oth ears and nods. "Said the bridegroom: 'Mary is very leaf. When it comes time for her to <ay. "I do,' will you pinch her?' "I suggested that it might be advisable 'or the bridegroom to do the pinching, jut he declined on the ground that he night make a mistake and pirn h at the vrong time " It is all right,' he said. "I have exjlained it to her. She will understand "And apparently she did, for at every lip at her forefinger she gave the fluired responses." In June. 'rom the Meceendorfrr Blatter. First Beggar?What ate >ou doing here, ^ete? I thought your stand wa* on the ridge. Second Beggar?Oh. I gave that to my on as a wedding prevent. in?mmnm??????n?mm??ia??:? arm Weather J :tul fiction and the f: rticles in the Star's \\ I ide: | SXESS, by Emmett ! EHE CAPTAINS Norton. 4 [NK TUTTLE, by g GLERY, by Ed- I WHOORACIDE, | ry. i .YCEUM PLAT- > | and W. Gillilan. | ot CYNTHIA'S 1 yr Louis Tracy. g | drawing, HER ? THER. bv James \\ a * 1