Evening star. [volume], September 07, 1913, Page 4, Image 22

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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THE EVENING STAR,
With Sunday Morning Sdlttoa.
WASHINGTON,
SUNDAY September 7, 1013
THEODORE W. NOTES Editor
The Evening Star newspaper Company.
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CTIn order to avoid delay* on account of
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not be addressed to any individual connected
with tfce office, but simply to THE STAB, or to
the Editorial or Buslne* Department, accordinc
to tenor or purpoae.
William H. Taft.
I lis brethren of the American bar. re
sardless of party. warmed to Mr. Taft
at the meeting at Montreal. He was a
t?ia>t. and was elected by acclamation
president of the bar association.
The honor was well bestowed. Proba
bly, too. it was most highly appreciated
by the recipient. If he were the sort of
man needing a balm it would serve that
purpose coming so soon after the politi
cal defeat of last year.
But Mr. Taft takes fortune philosophi
cally. Good fortune does not elate him.
nor does bad fortune cast him down. He
entered politics with reluctance?going
from the bench to the Philippines?and
he quitted politics last March without
n groan or a reproach.
Mr. Taft is well described in the phrase,
"a born lawyer." He inherited his taste
for the law. His father was one of the
foremost lawyers of his day. and this
son of all the children was most like him.
As a consequence, the son was carefully
trained for the bar. and early made his
mark in the courthouse.
Some of Mr. Taft's closest friends have
always regretted that he was turned from
his profession. He preferred it to politics,
and had reasonable hopes of reaching the
United States Supreme bench. It might
be said that he was in line for the pro
motion when Mr. McKinley found use
for him in another quarter.
An even then *it was not thought that
his judicial ambition would be more than
postponed. There was expectation?which
he himself may have shared?that, after
establishing the new government In the
Philippines, he would be transferred to
the bench here with a life tenure.
But, lawyer as he was, with the judicial
taste and temperament, he yet succeeded
so well In politics he became for a time
a fixture in that field, and passed as a
reward for successful services from the
governor generalship of the Philippines to
the secretaryship of war, and thence to
the presidency of the United States.
He is now back among his brethren of
the bar. and most welcome. He Is a legal
fellow well met. He likes his company,
and his company likes him. Everything
1s his without a contest.
The future? Mr. Taft probably is not
worrying about that. As a lecturer on
the law at a leading university he has
opportunities for great usefulness. As
president of the American Bar Associa
tion he will enjoy a distinction highly
valued in the profession. He has much
to satisfy ambition: and if there should
be no other call for him, his days may be
happy, as everybody hopes they may be
long, in the land of his birth and his
heart.
The Wrong Kind of "Home Rule."
The District deplores the action of the
new excise board in displacing the ex
perienced clerk who has served so ably
and conscientiously during many years, i
to make room for a personal New Jersey |
"olltical selection. This is not tht sort
of "home rule"' performance which the
f'mTunity had reason to expect from
preliminary announcements of the
* fw administration. Already the <"om
miss!oners have gone to Pennsylvania
fr>r a member of the board of assessors,
selecting a man who. though physically a
?esid^nt of Washington for many years,
yet holds proudly to his voting privilege
in the Keystone state. His appointment,
meritorious as it may be on the score of
particular qualifications for the job. has
shocked the citizens of Washington, and
now comes the virtual removal of a good
man. who knows the work thoroughly,
who has served so honestly in a position
that has doubtless offered many oppor
tunities for quiet profit that he leaves his
position without any accumulation of
funds. Not so much for the sake of Mr.
^N'ill'.ams. whose case appeals strongly to
the sympathies of the people, but for the
sake of the fulfillment of promises of
genuine home rule for the District, this
initial act'on by t'ne excise board is to be
regretted. Seriously shaken in faith by
successive selections of political friends,
the District contemplates the future with
disquiet.
There are men learned in the law as
well as the science of chance who would
doubtless be willing to come to Mr.
Jeromes side with expert testimony
that "penny ante'' is neither poker nor
gambling.
Theosophlsts have a colony on the Pa
cific coast whose idea is to create by re
incarnation a new race of rulers. This
places eugenics on a basis of eternity
instead of time.
\ life on the ocean wave cannot be
any more tempestuous than the life of a
landidate for mayor of New York.
.Mexico should be convinced that a man
who depends on a manana policy is not
likely to develop a nation's best interests.
Public Building Sites.
Chairman Clark of the House commit
tee on public buildings and grounds de
lares that so far as he is concerned
Jie government will not buy any more
land for public building purposes in thic
city until it is ascertained whether there
is not already in government title enough
pace for all. future construction pur
poses of the United States. This is a
liighly laudable purpose, but ft may b<
oubted whether it will serve the needt
of the government very well to determin<
strictly to hold to the policy of puttlni
new structures, urgently needed for ad
ministration. upon land already owned
by the United States. A witness hai
told the House committee that undoubt
edly there is much land here and there li
the city, supposedly of private owner
ship, which actually belongs to the gov
ernment. This is interesting, but no1
necessarily helpful in the direction o:
providing the government with buildinj
sites without cost. Most of this stra:
land, perhaps rightfully the property o
the United States, Is in the form of o!(
aliejs that -have been absorbed, !ittl<
park-lets that have not been properly sur
veyed. tiny scattered bits here and tkue
which put together might make a re
spectable building site for one new de
partment home. Just how these frag
ments are to be assembled passes under
standing. and it would probably be diffi
cult to arrange trades and deals to yield
the government space for its construction
work.
If Chairman Clark intends that hence
forth the government shall buy no more
land, but shall-use the parks for build
ing purposes, an emphatic protest must
be raised against the policy. Already
too much park invasion has occurred,
through a mistaken policy of economy.
It is even now proposed to put the new
State Department building on the Mall,
without restoring a corresponding park
area. Things have come to such a pass
that the people of Washington, recog
nizing the urgent need of more public
structures, dread to see a project of
construction advanced, lest it mean the
further spoliation of the precious reser
vations which are the chief glory of the
capital and which contribute so materi
ally to the health of its inhabitants.
The proper business course for the gov
ernment to pursue is to provide at one
stroke for all its conceivable futuro
building needs, by taking as a whole the
entire Mall-Avenue triangle, so eminently
suitable in every respect for this pur
pose. This land is already in a measure
condemned for public building construc
tion. It lies most suitably for such use. It
has lain virtually unimproved for many
years in the expectation that it would
be ultimately taken for government con
struction needs. In its present condition,
blighted by this prospect of eventual
purchase by the United States, it is a
discredit to the capital, rendering Penn- J
sylvania avenue. Washington's main
thoroughfare and virtually its official
avenue, an unsightly stretch of checked
growth through the greater part of its'
extent. The passage by both Houses of
the bill which has already more than
once passed the Senate, providing for
the wholesale acquisition of this land for |
public building purposes, would give the
United States abundant building sites for '
all time to come, without destroying park (
lands, and at a far more reasonable rate
than the government must ultimately pay
for its land, no matter what may be
found as regards the present ownership
of scattered pieces. ,
Mr. Bryan and the Campaigns. i
Mr. Bryan, it is stated, will stump New
Jersey for the democratic state ticket. It
is assumed that the President's choice, '
Gov. Fielder, will head it. He has oppo- .
sition in the primary, but is expected to ;
win through the presidential influence.
Whatever criticism may lie against Mr. (
Bryan's Chautauqua work, none can be ,
justly urged against his work as a stump- ,
er. He properly holds himself at his 1
party's call. He stands at the head of its
stumping procession. "When other help- i
ers fall and comforts flee," he sometimes
saves the day.
This announcement, too, is another evi- <
dence of Mr. Bryan's loyalty to his chief.
New Jersey is Mr. Wilson's home state,
and it is important that it go democratic
this year. A reverse would be not only
personally mortifying, but politically em
barrassing. If on the first appeal after
taking office here Mr. Wilson were re
fused indorsement at home, he would
lose prestige throughout the country.
Mr. Wilson's old enemies have not been
placated. The two "Jims"?Smith and Nu
gent?are still in opposition. But It Is
likely that after the primary result has
been declared they will bow to it and go
to work for the party. They bowed to the
Baltimore result? Why not again?
But suppose Mr. Bryan is invited while
in New Jersey to cross the river and say
a word for John Purroy wfitchel, the
President's candidate for mayor of New
York, will he go? Will It "consist" wltA
his notion of things to canvas in one
state for the regular party candidate and
In another state for an independent candi
date running against the regular candi
date?
In New York Tammany represents the
democratic party. It is regular,* and its
candidate for mayor, Mr. McCall, has
been regularly nominated. Mr. Bryan, it
Is true, slammed Tammany at Baltimore
last year, but he did not drive it out of
the party. It bowed to the slam, went
home and carried New York for Mr.
Wilson.
The President wants Mr. Mitchel elect
ed. It is with his knowledge and con
sent that the collectorship of the port is
an asset in Mr. Mitchel's mayoralty cam
paign. And the asset has great value. In
deed. were Mr. Mitchel to resign his fed
eral office he would injure his mayoralty
campaign.
There has been talk that Secretaries
McAdoo and Redfleld. both New Yorkers,
would aid Mr. Mitchel, but their appear
ance on the stump would be as nothing
by comparison with Mr. Bryan's. The
Secretary of State canvassing against
Tammany at the request of the President
would create a sensation.
Unfavorable reports on the Friedmann
turtle cure continue to be made. The
simple and easily observed rules for the
prevention of tuberculosis, however, con
tinue to be reliable.
There is an evident determination on
the part of Tammany to make an ex
ample of Sulzer. He is probably regard
ed as a "squealer" who must be dis
ciplined.
It is complained that the public does
not encourage efforts to elevate the
stage. The wisdom of the plain people
is not as reliable in the drama as It is
in public affairs.
In order to stimulate interest in her
trip through the United States, Mrs.
Pankhurst might be persuaded to an
nounce it as a farewell tour.
The American People.
A granddaughter of the late "Gen "
[ William Booth, head of the Salvation
Army, is now on a visit to this country,
and gives her impressions of the people
of the United States* whose motto, she
says. shouM be "I should worry." She
tlnds something both pleasing and dis
heartening about us as a nation, and her
impressions of the American multitude
1 are suggestive. She says:
"Irresponsible and reckless, but so
1 sympathetic and generous, are the peo
t pie I meet here. Few people here seem
, to like to think seriously, especially upon
religious or social subjects. Conversation
Is careless and superficial. No depths are
1 struck. You people so dislike to be
> serious."
1 There is more than a grain of truth in
> this characterisation. Lightness of de
' meanor on the part of the people of
" this country is undeniable and to think
1 lng citizens It offers a token of serious
> significance. It is impossible for an ob
- serving traveler to avoid the Impression
i obtained so quickly by this young Eng
- Ush woman. The conversation of Ameri
- cans, notably the young people, is de
t plorably lacking in substance or sug
f gestlveness. It is confined chiefly to
; fashions, sports' and entertainments. The
r motion picture play latest seen, the base
! bail game latest attended, the latest pie
1 nic enjoyed, the latest fad seen on the
t streets?the#? are the burden of the talk
of a large percentage of the younger gen
eration.
We work hard, as a people, so hard
that we relax into lightness that is at
the 8ame time not comparable to the
lightness of the Latin temperament- We
do not enjoy music for a diversion, as the
Germans do. We have not acquired the
community sense of folk play, or pos
sibly we have grown away from it in
our intense individualism. It is almost
impossible to present a large-scale festi
val spectacle to the people of this coun
try without evoking ridicule among a
large number. There is no general rev
erence for serious things..
Take the matter of politeness among
children. It is conspicuously absent, in
the larger cities of this country. Few
small boys touch their hats to ladies.
They have not been trained to do it, for
their parents, possibly, believe that it is
not a matter of moment to instruct the
youngster in a detail of this character.
Girls acquire giggles long before they
achieve grace and deportment. The lit
tle folks pick up the jeering attitude of
their elders. .s
Ts this a phase of national development,
through which we as a people must pass
before we acquire a dignity of bearing
and eliminate the careless manner that j
is so noticeable in the eyes of foreigners?
We are a young people, in point of na
tional history, but we come from very
old stock. There is no excuse for us in
our sources, but possibly our wonderful
development, the richness of our re
sources, the width of our perspectives
have affected us. Nobody hopes to see
the American type become grave and
serious, unrelaxing and prosaic, but
that there is room for improvement, in
the direction of a broader mental range
and a more wholesome mode of diversion,
is unmistakable.
The Home-Comers.
Back they are trooping, the home
comers. from their summer vacations.
They are browned and healthy and
strong, refreshed by their outings, given
wider views, in^Hicted perhaps in many
new matters, with a better concept of the
geography of the country in some cases,
doubtless poorer in pocket, but richer in
experience. They have done well to go
away for a time, though there has been
little need to flee from Washington on
the score of the heat this season. Most
of them have perhaps endured worse
weather than the stay-at-homes have ex
perienced. Yet Whatever the climate, it
is good for people to shift their bases
now and then, arid the summer is the
appointed time for the majority to leave
their routines of life and 'go elsewhere.
Houses that have been closed during the
"heated term" are being reopened, fam
ilies are reunited, domestic pets return
once more to regular diet, premises are
spruced up, and the city begins to look
natural. There is a hearty welcome for
these returning travelers, some of whom
have been as far as the Blue Ridge,
others even as remote as Maine. Some
have flshed and have wondrous tales to
tell. Others have suffered from mos
quitoes and other plagues and have sad
experiences to relate. All are glad to get
back to regular living in familiar con
ditions. Home beds are best, after all,
and home cooking pleases most of us
better than the compulsory fare of coun
try boarding houses and resort hotels.
And the memories of these weeks of sum
mer outing will endure through the au
tumn and winter, and give zest to life j
and establish means of comparisons
which will make Washington seem like
the best place on earth in which to live.
The announcem?nt that he is planning \
new steamship enterprises conveys the
assurance that C. W. Morse Is still tak
ing nourishment.
8ome rather exciting experiences in the
past do not prevent Col. Roosevelt from
continuing to take a lively interest In
New York politics.
It is to be expected that the president
of the New Haven railway will place
the blame as far as possible oh the
previous administration.
The current news would be entirely
different if the provision of the will
leaving Harry Thaw $2,500 a year had
been carried out strictly.
The world of pugilism is inclined to re
gard Jack Johnson as a cloud on the
championship title.
Experience does not seem to have been
a reliable teacher in conducting the af
fairs of the New Haven railway.
SHOOTING STABS.
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON*.
Worth the Trouble.
"You go hunting every year'"
"Yes."
"What kind of game do you prefer?"
"Oh, I never shoot anything. But it's
kind of pleasant to come home and have
?y family make a fuss over me because
I got back alive."
A Sleep Inducer.
"That speaker is over-demonstrative.
He lacks repose."
"Well, he has to do something to pre
vent his audience from taking too much
repose."'
There is a mistaken brand of shrewd
ness which regards telling the truth as
so easy that it isn't worth while.
Expectations of Sport.
And still there comes a sultry glow
That bids your wilting collar cling
And makes you vow that shoveling
snow
Of out-door sports will be the king.
Sad Mistake.
"That man who was so prominent seems
uncomfortable. What is the trouble?"
"Same old story," replied Senator
Sorghum. "He insisted on crowding- the
spotlight so close that he got singed."
Extreme Measures.
"Theres no use of trying to dt-nv that
women are sometimes a little unreason
able. said the mild-mannered man.
"My wife made me do my best to ex
plain all about a writ of habeas corpus
to her."
"Did you make It clear?"
"I'm afraid not. She went around to a
lawyer next day and tried to obtain one
that would get me away from the ball
game in time for dinner."
Moving Day.
Upon the step the house dog sits.
The cat is slinking to and fro
As up and down the stairway flits
A gang of men they do not know.
The gold flsh on the sidewalk lie;
Smashed is their domicile so gay.
And everywhere you hear the sigh,
"It's moving day! It's moving day!"
The parrot voices its despair
In tones which bring a grewsome thrill.
The clock that stood beside the stair
Chimes on, with frenzy never still.
The cut glass and the kitchen ware
Together rattle in dismay
And father sighs, while shuddering there,
"It's moving day! it's moving day!"
WHAT THE GOYERHHEHT IS DOING
Uncle Sam is just beginning to awaken |
to the fact that his railway statistics
are woefully lacking in
Steel Car some respects. The
general belief is that
Statistics. the railroads of thej
United States, in the past, have been |
asked to tell everything which there Is
to be told about their business, yet, for
some reason, up to the present time the
government has not asked for informa
tion about how many modern steel carB
were in operation and in the course of
construction. In other words, no official
information has been gathered which
would indicate to a traveler what chances
he had on a given railroad of safety in a
noarcollapsible, fireproof car or what dan
gerous risks he was taking in riding over
a road operating a large percentage of
the old-fashioned wooden coaches, which
crush and burn in time of wrecks.
The interstate commerce commission
expects soon to overcome this deficiency
in the annual reports of the railroads,
and on October 27 the members will meet
to consider a new form of report which |
for the first time will provide a place for
official figures for numbers and types 01
construction of all passenger cars oper
ated on the steam roads of the Lnitea
States. Unless a special ruling is made,
however, the information to be asked lor
In the new forms will not be included |
until the railroads report for the year
ending June 30. 1915. Until that t me the
public will have to depend upon steel car
statistics gathered by the bureau f
railway economics, by various ral*?a
committees and private organisations
A newspaper man, early in Decembe
last, called to the attention of Secretary
Franklin K. Lane of the department of
the Interior, then chairman of the lnter^
state commerce commission, the P .
wherein the present reports submitlted
by railroads were deficient as relating
steel and wooden cars in ?pera^?{Lther
in the course of construction.
Secretary Lane, before becomng amem
ber of President Wilson s cabinet, or on
ST,Si ether member, of the comml..ton
suggested the inclusion of steel ana
wooden car information in annualfr???^t
is uncertain. In the new form ^f report
soon to be adopted, it will be possible, ac
cording to public service and railroad ex
nerts. to check up Instantly the rate or
progress made by railroads in replacing
old-fashioned wooden coaches with
STheLbest available figures which have
been gathered by the bureau of rallwaj
economics show that the railroads of_the
country are operating more than
passenger cars, and that of that number
approximately t?,600 are of all ste< both
struction. This number Includes both
Pullman sleeping cars and ?1,v^a*
coaches. Besides the all-steel cars, the
roads have in service nearly MOO cars
of steel underframe constructipn. ai
though cars of this latter type are not
fireproof and are not as strong as h
all-steel, they are far more ^urab'*d
times of collisions than the wooden
^he Pennsylvania railroad, which an
nounced In June, 1906, that al additional
car equipment would be of all-steel con
struction, uses more cars of this type j
in its service than any other company,
running 2.H72 along its lines, or almost
one-half of the total all-steel equipment
in the United States.
Unofficial figures show that although
only about 11 per cent of the O4.000 pas
senger cars in operation on American
railroads are of all-steel construction,
the building of new wooden cars is prac
tically a thins of the past. On January 1.
last, of the new passenger cars under
construction, 77 per cent were of all
steel construction, 10 per cent of steel
underframe and only 7 per cent of wood
en construction.
The majority of the steel cars now in
operation have been constructed during
the past three or four years. On January
1, 1909, there were only 629 steel cars in
use and today there are 0.600. The ad
vantages of the all-steel car are so ob-1
vious that railroad experts say that thepr
expect to see the construction of wodfl
en cars cease entirely within the next
one or two years. 5be cost of
steel passenger coach runs from
to $15000, which Is not greatly in excess
of the cost of the better class of wood??jI
coaches. The Pennsylvania railroad to-?|
day has more than $40,000,000 In steal
car equipment. The heavy
sleeping cars run much higher than in#
railway coaches in price, and cost ap:
proximately $30,000, equipped. ,
In accordance with legislation passed
bv the last Congress, all cars used. in
the railway postal service must be or
all-steel or steel underframe co.?81?^"
tion after 1910. There are now six bills I
in Congress requiring that wooden pas
senger cars be replaced with steel equip
2T time limit, (or Inflation
which run from July 1, 191o, to Jan
uary 1. 1918. The growing frequent-* of
serious wrecks, some railroad men be
lieve. may hasten the enactment of steel
car legislation, even if the-financial
condition of some of the wea*er t?a
mav make it impossible for them to put
in the costly new equipment. U s
thought by many people that the public
is coming to a point of demanding abso
lute safety, even If it Is necessary to
suffer some curtailment of service tem
porarily The death rate on American
railroads Is much hifh^ *haJL^haie
lines of Europe, and men who nave
given long study to the problem say that
the fatalities can be lessened only by the
Kpneral adoption of steel car construc
fkm the Installation of automatic
signal and train control systems and the
proper maintenance of roadbed.
*
* *
That the sanitary regeneration of the
Philippine* Islands following the Ameri
can occupation is one of |
Philimrine the greatest public health
rniiippme achieveraents of the last
Sanitation, half century is the belief
of Surgeon General Rupert Blue of the
United States public health service. l>r.
Blue has just completed a close study of
the report of the work of sanitation in
the Philippines, which has been written
by Dr. Victor G. Heiser. director of
health of the Philippine Islands, and also
a surgeon In the United States public j
health service. j
The health service of the Philippine
Islands under the American civil govern
ment was organized about ten years ago
and the problems which were presented
the government's physicians for solution
were as serious as the work faced Wy
Col. Oorgas in the sanitation of the
Panama Canal Zone. Public health offi
cers say that few people outside of those
who have had experience in the Philip
pines can realize how bad the health
conditions were in the islands wh6n the
Americans took hold. Dr. Heiser in h s
report on conditions as they were and
on the accomplishments of the last ten
* When ythe Philippine public health
service was organized 40,000 people were
dying annually In the Islands from small
pox. while the number of deaths from
beriberi in jails and other public Insti
tutions was frightful. Today smallpox
has almost been wiped out of the entire
archipelago, following the work of vac
cinating practically all the Flltn
many provinces, in which from --099 to
3/100 people formerly died annually from
smallpox, there has not been a single
death from smallpox, and In some large
communities not even a single case of
THE NEW ft
From tbe Syracuse Post-Standard.
As Mr. Metlen reads the papers this
morning he realises that there are com
pensations In retirement.
From the Albany Evening Journal.
Some of the railroads may have had
"full crews' yesterday, but there was a
great scarcity of cars.
From tbe Pittsburgh Gaxette-Tiwe*.?
An engineer who will run forty-five
miles an hour in a dense fog on a rail
road with old-fashioned signals also has
something to answer for.
From the Chicago Record-Herald.
If they will tear up the tracks and de
stroy the rolling stock they may be able
to make the New Haven road compara
tively safe.
From the Pittsburgh Chronicle-Telegraph.
That English railroad wreck, in which
fifteen persons were kilted and thirty in
jured, puts a big negative 00 the frequent
| the disease has developed since the
public health officers took charge. The
I work of vaccinating is still going on,
with the result that there are at least
30,000 less deaths from smallpox an
nually than there were before the work
?f _ the health service began.
"Beriberi, which in former days caused
frightful mortality In jails and other in
stitutions' and f was responsible for 5,000
deaths annually in the archipelago, is
now being rapidly reduced, owing to
discoveries which were largely worked
out in the Philippines. This disease la
found among persons whose staple article
of diet is white rice, which means rice
fom which the outer portions have been
removed. The public health officers have
discovered that if persons suffering from
beriberi are given the outer portions of
the rice grain they will soon recover
from the disease, unless they are hope
lessly ill at the time the treatment Is
begun.
"More than 5,000 lepers were at large
throughout the Philippine Islands and
there was no attempt to segregate the
unfortunates with the view of avoiding
danger of infection to others, or of les
sening the ravages of the disease. The
Island of Cullon has been set aside now
as a leper colony, and for the first time
a rational plan has been worked out to
care for every known leper in. the. is
lands. The opportunities for Infection
have been very much lessened, of course,
and it is estimated that at least 000
people annually have been saved from
contracting this loathsome disease.
"Tuberculosis was responsible each
year for perhaps another 50,000 deaths
of Filipinos. No effort whatsoever was
made to teach the people how to deal
with this scourge. A campaign against
tuberculosis has been organized under
the direction of the American public
health officers, and camps for the treat
ment of incipient cases have been con
structed at various places. The cam
paign of education has been waged oft
every hand. The aid of moving picture
films has been utilised, and, in short,
everything Is being done as is customary
in enlightened communities in Europe
and America to prevent the spread of
tuberculosis.
"Plague Is no longer found in the islands,
the last case of the disease having occurred
in April, 1906. Cholera has. been absent
more than a year. The jails throughout
the Philippines v have been thoroughly
cleansed and sanitary equipment installed.
The insidious skin diseases with . which
prisoners often Vv suffered were cufed
and the conditions have been made
such that their contraction in the
futsre is extremely unlikely. In the days
prior to American control the maritime
quarantine was conducted on a basis of
graft rather than merit, with the in
evitable result that an epidemic of any
dangerous, communicable disease meant
its early Introduction into the Philip
pines. Malaria prevailed in hundreds of
towns of the islands, without quinine be
jing available to combat it. Imitation
j quinine pills were frequently sold at fab
ulous prices in the stricken districts, and
J not until the coming of the American
health officers did the poor populace have
any one to whom to apply with the hope
of receiving any relief from their malarial
condition.
"There was no government provision for
the Insane, and often people who were
deranged were treated most cruelly. It
was no uncommon sight to see these un
fortunates tied by a chain to a stake
under a house or in a yard, in much the
same manner as one ties up a dog. It
often happened that during fires, which
are so frequent in towns built of flimsy
material, the Insane people were burned
because no one thought to release them.
Under the direction of the American
health officers, a modern insane hospital
has been constructed at Manila, where
there is room for at least all of the cases
which are urgently in need of care. A
large general hospital, with a capacity ot
350 beds, has likewise been constructed at
Manila.
"Lack of sanitation and Insufficient fa
cilities to care for the sick were respon
sible for the prevalence of disease and
the high mortality rates, and not the cli
mate, as some people would suppose.
With the exception of Manila no cltv-in
the archipelago with Its 7,300.000 people
had a water system, and even the Manila
supply was known to be grossly polluted.
Manila, with a population of 2DO.OOO, had
no sewer system. A modern water sys
tem has been constructed for the city at
the cost of approximately $2,000,000, for
which the water is now obtained from an
uninhabited watershed. At the cost of
another $2,000,000 a sewer system has
been provided. Hundreds of artesian wells
have been bored throughout the Islands
and the work is still going on. Wherever
the people have been given a pure-water
I supply the death rate In the community
has dropped, often as much as 50 per
1,000.
"Sanitary conditions of every kind have
been Improved. No opportunity is given
for the accumulation of filth of any kind.
Manila's streets are swept daily, and
travelers say that the capital is now one
of the cleanest cities in the world.
Streets and alleys have been cut through
the congested sections of Manila, so that
all of the houses are now easily acces
sible. Every work of sanitation has
brought about an improvement in health
conditions."
*
* *
High powered and speehy automobiles
are the newest additions to the govern
ment's equipment to
Mine-ReSCUe be used in mine-res
Automobiles cue, T?rk followln?
auwiuvuucB, explosions or other
accidents. The United States bureau ol
mines has Just ordered the first of these
machines, and early delivery is expected.
When it has passed the government test
the car will be sent for permanent sta
tion at the Birmingham mining district
in Alabama.
Automobiles will not take the place of
mine-rescue cars, which have been used
effectively for some years, but will be
used in service where a motor car is
more convenient than the railroad car.
and when the ever-ready gasoline engine
will save time frequently lost in provid
ing a special locomotive to haul the regu
lation rescue-car to the scene of the dis
aster.
The specifications for the new automo
?.*; r?8cue car call for a machine which
will develop a speed of fifty miles an
hour or more. It will be planned for
the seating of twelve rescue workers, and
will carry pulmotors and ten sets of mine
rescue apparatus. With Its first aid
equipment and large seating capacity, the
new rescue automobile will resemble one
of the large police ambulances which are
now being: introdueed in many cities
throughout the country.
many cases Director Joseph A.
Holmes of the bureau of mines estimates
that the rescue automobiles will reach
mines many hoyrs before it will be pos
sible to get a standard rescue car at the
place of disaster. At a recent accident,
only forty miles from Pittsburgh, It re
quired five hours to get the government's
railway rescue car to the mine, owing
to delay in getting the locomotive to haul
the car. If a mine rescue automobile ol
the new type which will soon be put In
service had been available, it would have
reached the scene of the explosion within
an hour. Such a saving of time means
much when every minute is important in
the work of rescuing men from the dan
gerous gases which follow explosions in
mines.
RAYMOND W. PULLMAN,
tVEN WRECK.
boast that "they do things better over
there."
From the New York Evening Telegram.
Investigation of the New Haven system
seems to result in a process of dodges'.
Now the blame is to be put on the Pull
man company, the engineer and flagman.
Go In a little deeper!
From the St. Louta Poat-Diapatrli.
Wall street Is still using blood instead
of oil to drench the right-of-way of the
New Haven railroad' system.
From the Boston Transcript.
Mr. Elliott will not be discouraged, for
he knew before he assumed his new re
sponsibilities that his was to be a man's
size job.
From the Providence Journal.
Was it the signal or the engineer this
time? The latest New Haven' wreck
seems to raise once more the familiar
controversy. . ^
A rumor was In currency at this time
fifty years ago that Jefferson Davis,
having virtually ex
Slave Troops hauated the recruiting
' , resources of " the south.
Suggested, proposed to arm ? the
slaves as a means of bringing the
ranks of the Confederacy up to a point
of numerical efficiency. In The'Star of
August 31, 1863, this is discussed as
I follows:
"Well informed persons here place no
[ confidence whatever in the current
story that the oligarchy design resort
ing to g- large levy of slaves to serve
as soldiers against the Union cause.
Doubtless they have squads of negroes
in arms here and there, but the idea
[ of trusting an organized army of them
anywhere with weapons in their hands
is preposterous; as they know full well
that they would ? surely be turned
against them and their cause on the
first passing opportunity. Such an act
on their part would also be the most
speedy and effectual, mode of abolish
I Ing slavery throughout the whole
south, while it would be received by
the owners of the slaves thus con
scripted as deliberate robbery of them,
by their own government, of the very
property for the better security of
I which to them the war was nominal
ly made. Thus, there could be no truth
-In -the story, which. If-true, would end
the rebellion.In double-quick time, by
the act of the leading rebel conspira
tors; a feat they have no desire what
ever to perform."
*
* *
As the days went by and Lee made
[ no decisive move from .his position near
Fredericksburg curio sity
I Gen. Lee's arose in the north as to his
w intentions, and every shift
? ing of his troops was re
garded as the indication of a new cam
paign by him. A characteristic report
I from the front is printed in The Star
| of September 1, 1863, as follows
'A report haa reachced this city that
la large body of the rebel army, said to
number 80,000 men of all arms, yester
day crossed the Rappahannock at Port
Conway, it Is supposed for the purpose
of flanking Gen. Meade. This report
needs conlrmation up to the time we go
to press, but may be true, as the rebels
| have lately shown signs of restlessness,
: indicating that the time has come, in
the opinion of the rebel leaders, 'to do
or die' before the rebellion plays out
entirely. Lee in crossing so low down
as Port Conway, If he has done so, must
t have counted upon the extremely low
stage of water in the Rappahannock to
save him from a flank attack by our
gunboats- but his position may vet prove
a precarious one. If he does elect to
try an advance movement our army will
gladly welcome him."
The next day The Star stated that
contrabands brought a further report of
a crossing of the Rappahannock at Port
Conway by a Confederate estimated at
from 10,000 to 50,000, which The Star
styled a "pretty large margin." It also
quoted .from the Richmond Inquirer of
a late date confessing to a lack of Its
usual information from the front owing
to the failure of a train to arrive which
was due to the appropriation of cars by
the military authorities for the convey
ance of troops "to certain points threat
ened by the enemy, which we are not
| at liberty to mention."
*
* *
The fall of Vlcksburg and the defeat
| of Lee at Gettysburg unquestionably
( created a belief In the
Wall Street north that the end of the
Flnrrv rebellion was at hand,
x lulTy. an(j when the expected
collapse failed to mater&llze there was
a sharp reaction of public confidence,
and in consequence about the 1st of
September a semi-panic occurred in
Wall street. In The Star of September
3, 1863, the matter was discussed as fol
lows:
"The delay in the reduction of
Charleston is doubtless at the bottom
of the recent rise in the price of gold
in Wall street. While this was to have
been accepted to a certain extent, it
by no means justifies the course of the
copperhead press, who are seeking to
shake public confidence in the ultimate
success of the campaign of Gen. Gil
more. When journals of the stripe of
the New York Herald are doing theii
best to create the Impression that Gen
Gllmore's work in hand was but a few
hours' job. The Star urged that hrpes
built upon such silly prognostications
must necessarily prove fallacious, ar the
difficulties in his way were as great a?
those which beset the path of Gen. Gran!
ig his Vicksburg campaign, and were
likely to consume perhaps as much time
ere the expected consummation might be
achieved. Events, in demonstrating the
soundness of this conclusion, have in no
manner weakened the certainty that com
plete victory will sooner or later perch
upon the banners of Gen. Gilmore and
Admiral Dahlgren, nor has aught yet oc
curred to create a doubt as to the entire
efficiency of all the measures of the War
and Navy departments to that end.
"There was no reason whatever to an
ticipate the fall of Charleston before the
advent of the season in which our army
can venture off Morris Island to points
nearer the city without risking as great
loss from the climate as from the gums
of the traitors in arms. Our present op
erations there are evidently but prelim
inary to those which are promptly to fol
low the advent of that season. They are
necessarily slow, because the point of
sacrificing as few of our troops as pos
sible is being wisely kept in view. The
history of war affords no other instance
in which so much was accomplished as
has already been achieved by Gen. Gil
more and Admiral Dahlgren with so small
a loss of life. We trust that policy will
be adhered to by them. Until after the
first sharp frost of the season they could
not venture to hold Charleston for a
week. Though Gen. Gilmore can probably
reduce it to a heap of ashes at any time
in twenty-four hours, it seems clear that
the time for so doing with all the ad
vantage to the Union cause anticipated
by its reduction has not arrived by prob
ably a month or so."
*
* *
The news columns of The Star of the
period just fifty years ago contained
many interesting dis
Charleston patches from the
Charleston campaign.
Operations. detalls of the
bombardment and the slow tightening of
the federal lines around the Confederate
stronghold. A fierce storm raged during
the early days of September.
through which the federal vessels rode
at anchor. The Confederates endeavored
to re-establish themselves at Fort Sum
ter, which had been reduced aimafct to
complete ruin, by erecting ramparts of
cotton, behind which one gun opened
fire, as told in the dispatches of The Star
of September 4, 1883. A few hours later
the federal artillery had swept the cot
ton bales Into the harbor an<j again si
lenced the stubbornly held fort.
FOREVER.
She treated him a* If be had
Been some unworthy thing.
It seemed, inder>d, to make her glad
To see him worrying.
She seemed to study how to make
His moment* doubly sad;
Sbe teemed to want his heart to break.
His sorrow made ber glad.
At last, .believing her to be
Unworthy and unkind;
He ceaaed bis pleading, sensibly
Declining to be blind.
The moment that be turned away
And seemed to cease to care
She humbly called to him to stay.
And wilted In despair.
?a
He tenderly forgave.her when
Her tears began to flow:
for so It Is with maids and men
It always will be so.
??8. fc.-KUer, in Chicago Becwd-Becgidf-1
THE QUESTION OF ADRIANOPLE.
The curtain has risen in the Balkans
so far aa to permit us to read brief tele
grams from Constantl
Bulgaria to nople and from 8ofla an
nounclng that the Bul
Negotiate. garian cabinet had re
solved to enter into direct negotiations j
with Turkey as to the occupation of
Adrianople and Thrace by the Ottoman
forces.
At this writing a later dispatch dated
London. September 3. announces that the
Turkish army after strengthening Its
position west of the Maritza had occu
pied Xanthi. Moreover, Gen. Savof.
former commander of the Bulgarian
armies in Thrace, had been appointed a
delegate in the negotiations between
Bulgaria and Turkey.
But the question of Adrianople
est s Hurope?the po w e rs-more t ha
Bulgaria, for the latter having demob
ilised her army or having stipulated t?
do so at Bucharest is hors de iotn? at
and unable to exact that the Turks
evacuate Adrianople or. Thr*?*;
powers, on the contrary, have the meuw
to force Turkey to comply with their
demand. Sir Edward t*rcv said In the
house of commons a few weeks ago that
If Turkey did not accept the advice of
the powers (to abandon Adrlan?plo)
action would sooner or later be taken
either by financial ?i8^ess or armed In
tervention which would bring her a is
If Bulgaria's army has been de??H;
ilixed, Bulgaria goes to ne?otiat?
Turkey with empty hands. V er> meager
baagage. Indeed, to obtain any favors
from the Turk. If this Is lthe ?l??"
tion, then shall we not exi**1 to read
another dispatch to the e^ct thaJ t^
powers have intervened on the terms
laid down by Sir Edward Grey?
Unfortunately for the f?peK?J"'
Dective. a dispatch dated Barrow-in-Fur
ness England. September announces
that'British builders n^vy
dav for the rejuvenating TurKisn navy
?? Re.had 1. Hamla. on. of ti e -
formidable battleships in the world.
*
* *
If the powers of Europe and the Bal
kan states, as well, are wise, they will
not wait until
Powen Should Turkey is re-eatab
.. llshed in Europe
Act Promptly. an(j become the ac
complice or tool of one or more of the
powers to crush the newly born Balkan
confederation. . The hpur is opportune
for the powers, to delegate their author
ity,' if they carfnot act themselves, to the
Balkan states, now composed of Servia.
Montenegro. Greece and Roumama.
treating Bulgaria until further informa
tion as an unknown quantity in the Bal
kan question. Servia, Montenegro an
Greece have not begun their demobili
zation and there is but little doubt tha^
these powers may put In the field a mil
lion of men ready and eager to grapple
with the Turk.
The expense of such a movement lies
clearly with the powers, and it goes
without saying that its tceasury. ar
senals. commissariat and trai*J
departments should be quickly placedI at
the disposal of the Balkan governments.
Nor should Bulgaria be treated a*> a
quantity to be Ignored. Bulgaria v\?uld
profit more than the other Balkan states,
by being re-established at Adrianople
and in Thrace. Would not such a move
ment more than all else cause
to forget her discomfiture and restoring
the Balkan equilibrium cement effectually
the perfect union and consolidation of
their several interests?
It is necessary for the powers to pio
hiblt In any event the rapprochement or
Bulgaria and Turkey, and to that end
the powers should require the former
to inform them of the character of the
proposed negotiations with Turke>.
If Bulgaria is making overtures to Tur
key it can only be by the intervention of
Austria-Hungary, which from first to last
has been the mischief-maker in this Bal
kan trouble.
*
* *
The powers have supported Austria's
intrusion quite long enough. The annex
ation of Bosnia - Herse
Austria's govina was the entering
wedge. Germany shield -
Intrusion. ed her any in that affair
from the strong hand of Russia, but it Is
extremely doubtful if she will help Aus
tria again in another such venture. The
powers in their excessive desire to main
tain the peace of Europe submitted to
Austria's dictum that Servia should not
be permitted to reach the Adriatic; again
Austria intervened to deprive Montenegro
of Scutari, captured by the valor of her
soldiers and at great sacrifice of life
finally the powers at Austria's demand re
served the question of Albania's frontiers
and the islands of the Mediterranean.
Russia's policy for a moment appeared
somewhat variable when she joined w. h
Austria In asking revision of the tr?t>
of Bucharest so far as to ^ ks
sire that Cavallo accorded the Greeks
might be given to Bulgaria. But Russia
haf not insisted and wUhdrew her note^
Knr ft fact it was only a bid for tne
Bulgarian's sympathy, for Russia is al
ways In the soul of the Slav people th?'
"Great Czar"?the "Little Father.' It
served to create a tam-tam in the columns
of the St. Petersburg journals, which
found echo In the Austrian press, but
which died out suddenly when it was
found that there was no real divergence
between Paris and St. Petersburg
Russian and German representatives at
Constantinople have mad, energetic pro
testations in regard to Turkcv s \ 101a
tlons of the treaty of London. The idea
?-ns seriously considered to make a naval
demonstration at Constantinople; then
H^ain the common action of Russia and
Austria as the mandatories of the powers.
Russia to debark troops at Midia. on t.ie
Black sea: Austria at Enos. on the Aegean.
The idea of a financial pressure was aban
doned because of the probability that
\ustrian and Italian private banks would
paralyze that movement.
m
* ?
\t St Petersburg the rupture of dip
lomatic relations with Turkey on the
question of the violation
Russia May of the treaty of London
has been seriously con
Resent. sidered as the prelude to
the concerted action of Europe if the
Turk was obstinate. Russia, it is un
derstood. could strike a severe blow at the
Ottoman empire by a debarkment at
Midia and by penetration into Armenia,
thereby obliging the Turkish armies in
Thrace to face to the rear to defend Asia- ]
MTh>e governments of Roumania. Greece,
Servia and Montenegro, it i* rumored,
have established pacts to defend them
selves jointly against any hostiieaction
which Bulgaria may undertake In Mac
e<Theaabove association has been inspired
bv the positive knowledge that Bulgaria
hi^ adopted the tactic of "disassoelatlon
?dislocation?made apparent In the con
ference at Bucharest.
One of the Bulgarian delegates. M.
NEW YORK CONFUSION.
Flam the Pittsburgh Dispatch.
While Mayor Gaynor admits having
trouble from the injuries Inflicted In the
attempt at his assassination, it is evi
dent that there is nothing wrong with
Murphy's nerves of any kind.
From the Utlea Obserrer.
New York city, with fusion knocked all
to flinders and with all sorts of nomi
nees for mayor, isn't going to have any
thing on Utlca this year.
From the Charleston News and Courier.
Although the Gaynor home is called
Deepwell, it begins to . look as if New
York's mayor isn't in such a hole, after
all. . .
Frqm the KnoiriUe Journal and Tribune.
The main feature of fusion in the mu
nicipal campaign In New York appears
to be wobbling on the gudgeon.
Simeon Radef, had the impudence to de
clare in leaving a meeting of the dele
gates one evening at the home of M.
Majoresco: -Ah! now it in fltilsh.-d. the
Roumanians have obtained all thev wish.
We can now do as we wish with the Ser
vians and the Greeks!" When this decla
ration was communicated to the Servians
and Greeks and in turn to M. Mujoresco
the latter exclaimed: "Trulr those peo
ple merit a lesson: ?
* "?c
* *
It was rumored and should 1* men
tioned only under implicit reserve that
the Bulgarians had been fur
Cholera nlshed with of the|
Scare w*cret fun<l which* they em
ployed to spread the rear of
cholera throughout Roumania. The
specter of cholera was raised at Bucha
rest. It was spread about adVoitly that
"the sooner troops were withdrawn front
the cholera infected places in Bulgaria
the better." The Roumanian government
certainly on this account was'made to
feel the moral pressure. Was it 011 thut
account that Itoumania in the course of
the negotiations at Bucharest requested
the German emperor to intervene with
King Constantino that Greece would
accord some territorial concessions that
Greeks and Bulgarians might the more
quickly come to an understanding?
All the organs of public opinion at. Sofia
affected to believe that the treaty of
Bucharest was an act of spoliation to
the detriment of Bulgaria. whiefi hy her
victories had overturned Turkey and now
had been deprived of her rightful spoils
and humiliated. The press accentuated
the attitude of Servia. who refused
ecclesiastical and school liberties to Bul
garians In .Macedonia, which would be
Included In her new frontier.
The net result of these fulininations of
the Bulgarian press is that if the ex
pected revision of the treaty of Bucharest
does not accord to the Bulgarian nation
the satisfaction sue requires the peace
signed at Bucharest will not be of long
duration. And these expressions have
| been consccrated by King Ferdinand,
who appears to have lost all wisdom
j and prudence by writing in his annual
orders to the army: "Recount to your
I children and your grandchildren the
valor of the Bulgarian soldier and pre
pare to complete the glorious work you
have undertaken."
*
* *
As time goes on the sidelights of the
conference at Bucharest begin to make
clear things that were
Bucharest obscure. For example,
the explanation as to
Conference. Rusgla> attitude in de
manding revision of treaty of Bucharest
in favor of Bulgaria was not intended
by the Russian government to mark any
deviation of her policy, least of ail any
rapprochement with Austria.
The responsibility, we are told,, lies
with Russia's minister at Bucharest. SI.
Schebeko. The latter was expecting
every day his promotion and nomination
as ambassador to Vienna. The desire to
appear sympathetic to the court of
Austria, where the personal gratissimae
are always given effusive receptions, was
the cause of the divergence. This and
J nothing more was the real reason of the
[ noise which created trouble at St. Peters
1 burg and Paris.
It is said of Montenegro that this
worthy little state played the role of
' parent pauvre" or "poor relation" in the
conference. This is untrue. Montenegro
was asked to send a reinforcement of
men to her allies, the Servians, at
Kumanovo. Before their departure there
was signed between Cettlnje and Belgrade
a treaty iri due form In which it was pro
vided in case of contestation the arbitra
tion of the King of Greece or the King
of Roumania might be invoked.
Also, there existed a treaty between
Servia and Greece signed May 14 (1V13)
at Saloniki. Already difficulties were e*
pected with Bulgaria, and the probability
of a war necessitated by the ravenous
appetite of the former ally. Notwith
standing the confidence of the general
staff of the Greek army the military aid
of Servia was invoked, and it was ap
preciated.
Greece, it is written in the treaty, on
condition that the prospective war ended
happily, would accord to Servia not only
all the territories which the treat)- o?
Bucharest has actually recognised, but a
band of territory west of the Nestos, per
mitting Servia to construct a railroad to
Porto Lagos, and other concessions as to
Saloniki.
At Bucharest no mention was made Of
this hand of territory for the reason that
Porto Lagos was not accorded to Greece.
Servia had no difficult'es in the matter
of Us treaty with Greece onlv with the
general staff of the S> rvian armv At
the momen* of the or>eninir -?f nn
i fercnce at Bucharest -n *
w-as at the gates of Vidirt ; ? I ? . :./?
received a dispatch r m the ?
staff wh:ch snid "PeVi. t ? ? > 1; ????
of the awistlce: in a fev . . 1 i
have 'aken Y'din '
#
The president ?' ? -? ' ?' o*
Hi t.i >rw
state, desirous no- to
difflcti t
Servia's to g ?.-e his :n h*
future temptat ' ep
j Action Vidin wen-. i:nm. i:. t v to
; M. Venize'os and begged h ni t hasten
1 the signature of the armist.ee. M. Paschi
vitch thus showed the great qualities of
a statesman.
Another sidelight upon the proceedings
of the conference at Bucharest is dis
closed The day of the first meeting,
I when Servian and Bulgarian plenipoten
i tiaries met face to face. M. Spalaikovitch
for Servia advanced toward M Tontchef
for Bulgaria ami said:
"There is here neither roimueror nor
conquered, and your sadness cans a
shadow over our jo>."
! The Servian plenipotentiary was tight,
M. Spa'aikovitch above all others. It wa?
he. who. with M. Guechof. signed
the Serbo-Bulgarian treaty of February,
11112. The days in June ;ind July. 1:?1#.
therefore, were profoundly painful to
these two men. They could not imagine
that when they met in the railway sta
tion at Nisch. 25th of October. 1012
(where they met M. Tlieodorf. minister
of finance of Bulgaria, who had come
to ask M. Paschivitch that two divisions
be sent to reinforce Bulgaria at Adriano
1 plei, and heard over the telephone
I from Sofia and Belgarde of the capture
, of Kirk Kilesse and the victory at
Kumanovo. that later In would sign a
I treaty against Bulgaria.
1 The powers are in a sad plight, and
appear to need a counselor in order to
[impress upon them the necessity of
j urgent action in this question of Adriano
! pie which Involves the honor of the
powers pledged by Sir Edward Grey.
The new group of Balkan states is a
great military force amply sufficient to
order the Turk out of Adrianople with
out recourse to Europe. Bulgaria has
lost her compass or else she would turn
to the Balkan states to be re-established
in Thrace, promising her life and sacred
fortune in return for the sacrifice; Bul
garia's appeal to Constantinople is a cry
to the wind to save, a bad note that
bodes no good to either Bulgar or Turk.
CH. CHA1LLE-LOXG.
CANADA'S UNWELCOME GUEST.
From the New York Evening Sun.
Harry Thaw considers that taking him
back over the international boundary
would really be overstepping the line!
From the Omaha World-Herald.
Probably Thaw would have had leas
trouble had he gone to Mexico.
From the Pittsburgh Post.
Canada hasn't had so much excitcment
since the reciprocity campaign.
From the Detroit Time*.
In the matter of Thaw and Canada,
something tells us that one of these days
the latter is likely to regret that it didn't
swat.
From the Baltimore Star.
The Canadian authorities feat a ? riot if
Thaw is sent back to the United States.
And >et some people say spending money
on Broadway doesn t pay.