Evening star. [volume], March 19, 1916, Page 6, Image 52

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
{Copyrighted. U?16, by Frank G. Carpenter
TREAD WELL. Alasjt;
EAM clicking my typewriter on
roof of the modern Cave
Aladdin. The rock undernei
me has been cut up into tunn<
which wind about in a maze more co
plex than that of Rosamond's bow
Some of the passageways go far <
under the ocean and others have b<
cut for miles through the mounta
Out of them have come treasures
?vr<ooainp in vnlnp thnsp hrnnirht fru
by the Slaves of the Lamp, and fr
them today a Jong procession of ge
SNAPSHOT
Is continually marching, pouring fre:
gold into the lap of old Mother Eart
I am speaking of the Treadwt
mines which lie here on Douglas * 1
land in southern Alaska, about as f;
north of the United States bounda:
as the distance from New York to Ch
cago. Within a rifle shot of whe
my typewriter stands there are foi
great mining properties that ha1
already yielded eight times as mu<
gold as the amount Uncle Sam paid f<
the territory. Their total productit
up to January 1, 1915, was 24,000,0'
tons of ore from which was taken mo
than $58,000,000 in gold, or $2.42 f?
each ton of ore that went throue
the mills. Last year these mines pr<
duced more than 1,500,000 tons of or
and their gold output that year w;
over $3,800,000, or more than one-ha
what we paid for Alaska The mil
are now crushing about 5,000 tons <
rock per day, and they have enoug
ore blocked out to keep them bus
for six years to come. The fort*? <
laborers consists of 1,300 men, ar
they get on the average wages of $1<
per month. The irines support a con
munity of about .1,000 people, who In
in the towns of Douglas and Treat
well.
*
* *
This, in brief, is the story of the grei
Treadwell properties which have bet
mining gold here on Douglas Islar
for more than a generation and whit
will be mining for many years to com
The mines are among the most famoi
of the gold properties now working ai
their owners are known the world ov
as being the first who have so succes
fully gotten quantities of gold out <
some of the lowest of the low gra<
gold rock. Much of the ore mined hei
contains less than $2 worth of gold
the ton, and of the millions of toi
which have been mined, the average, <
I have said, has produced only $2.per
ton. A ton of ore is two thousar
pounds. It Is as much as two hors<
can haul In a wagon over a cour^ti
road. An ounce of pure gold is wort
$20. so that the gold represented Y
12.42 would weigh about one-ninth ?
an ounce. This means that only on<
ninth of an ounce of gold has be
catter^d through every two thousan
Wonder!
8pn, ;a] Corrcsi^irlenc* of The Ptar.
LONDON. February 10. 1916.
ONE of the really bis things 1
connection with this war is th
nart that the "Y. M. C. A." i
playing in it. One refers, i
saying that, to the Young Men's Chri?
tian Association of Great Britaii
whose strenuous leaders, however, ar
th#* first to make mention, with admir
. ing praise, of the fine work which th
sister organization in the United State
is doing in looking after the welfare c
the prisoners of war and the inmate
of internment camps in the various be!
ligerent countries.
This war gave the British Y. M. C. J
the biggest opportunity to make goo
that it has had in its seventy-odd year
of existence, and it has risen to it in
fashibn that is nothing short of mar
velous. Its war organizatiori is worth
r\f aiimiratifin Kv ? H I lorrnj n u t Vi a m
elves
l? has enlisted the aristocracy, frox
the kin*r down, in the jrreat wor
which it is doinvf for the bodily, inte]
lectual and spiritual welfare of th
British fikh*1up man At its behes
women of wealth and title are work in
a- rooks, waitresses and barmaids a
Its centers" in this country an
France The other day the writer sai
Queen Alexandra behind the buffet a
the V M. C. A.'s newest "center," clos
to the American embassy, in Grosvenc
f
B.
mi
lrkfN lfitUli "Tmmmlf" trmm the
.) pounds of that ore. and also that the "
a. whole two thousand pounds had to be
the from the earth, crushed to powder, r I > TJ
run through chemicals and handled I |]
?f again and again to get that tiny bit I
ith of gold out. The managers of the I *
j,. mine tell me that they are able to do I
' this for $1.35 per ton, so that there is
'ni~ all-told a profit of about $1.05 in min- """ * 1
er. in? this gold. At the present output VjlOr^
3U? -his means a profit of over $5,000 a ->
?en Hut before I go further let me tell
tin. you something of the romance of these
far wonderful properties. Immediately
back of me on the side of the mountain o J jo
is the great Glory Hole, which covers ^ A-/C4
om the site where the first gold was disnii
covered. It is several hundred feet
' made %t eatraxce of heady bllxiox mine.
>?h above the Gastineau channel, and far down below i
h. down the slope of the mountain, the ellipse S00 feei
11 upper portions of which are now cov- more than HO
s- ered with snow. The Glory Hole rep- drop the Was]
ar resents the first excavations made to it and its alui
ry get out the gold. It is now abandoned, fifty feet from
i- and they are mining in tunnels far lengthwise w
re
u r ' -
k*e
5f
e- i?^???
in
d OXK OF' THE STAMP .MILLS, SHOl
ful WorK for
Gardens, serving buns and cups of tea who have not
to grimy "Tommies" just back from the letter with th?
front ar\d to others on their way thence, angle," si an if;
n The queen mother, in this novel role. tlrajP' Lw??c" '
e was assisted bv her daughter. Princess ' A., up
s Victoria, and by the Grand I->uchess ?r the envelop
George of Russia and L.ady Ponsonby,
n the latter of whom, just back from doing
similar work within sound of the Everywhere,
guns in France, will be in charge of the ari>He ^r, lamp
' new "hut, " as these Y. M. C. A. depots ? * ? . , .
e are called. ^ A hul
For the most part these "huts" are rest or sleep,
e places where the P.ritish soldier, when hand, and one
' off duty, can get food and drink (tern- . f. ?.frPf.t
s perance ones, of course) and the riaht
if kind of recreations, in the form of ly labeled, am
aames. concerts, lectures and the like, dash about ca
The Y. M. <'. A. has established them? ^ ,,r>x!
over 1.500 of them?wherever British nuTS or fonv
soldiers are now stationed, throughout railway statio
the world. There are Y. M. A. huts -Tommies" out
i- all over Great Britain, in France, in ,.lir, ....
d Egypt, in India, at Saloniki and in .. H (. \
Mesopotamia, and there were a couple :. . : r ' " \
in Gallipoli right up to the time of the r"'.n
a evacuation. Some of these huts were "e putting
- formerly circuses, theaters, convents, A. headquarte
breweries, all kinds of things. Some- road. If you
thir.g like $000,000 has been spent on peer's daughtei
i- building them. and there are 129 huts it's dollars to
In France alone. All the people who to work in a
xj work in these huts, numbering over they got up at
j. 5,000. are unpaid volunteers. coffee ready 1
l_ One of the great features of these from the trer
c. huts an- the facilities that are given p*r?iM
{ for letter writing. Stationery, ink. ranean there v
hlottiiitr paper, cv,-r.v.tlunp liut stamps. hoard ot, tl
which may be bought at the counter, . ooar i on ti
, are provided free at a cost of $5,000 a t certain v
" week, arid to keen un with Tornmv At- el'.ve or dea<
v kins' epistolary demands over 12.000,- Thus, Htrang
t 000 sheets of paper per month have to that this *is t
e he available. As a result, there must the British V.
r be few people In the British empire first time a pa
3MP
? *i IK - W-. jjtr ?W<nK 'Tw^S?^J
I IDE THE. "DOGS A VII CAT" HIT AT ROl'E.V
treacbc* mm their Idrare hoars wrfMig letters and pla
mmm miv wtth twolsa will*? Ihum ! rtattsmmrjr
Produce Ei
iE Treadwell Group Has Already Yi<
3. Carpenter?Sold by French P<
/ Hole and Its Death-Dealing Crows
n?The Great Stamp Mills and Ho\
y.
_,would not touch the sides. The
makes me think of the pit of the
belly diamond mines in the he?
? ?II I MII, _ OUUU1 JVinua. J. lie aicno ai c auui
same, the wells from which the i
treasures have been dragged fori
ing as symmetrically cut as ti
gouged out by chisels in the har
qpw^-f the gods. As you stand on the ei
the Glory iiole, you can still sc
llPsil. f remains of the gold ore iti its
?BJp||: Us walls of black rock are str
with drab and gray, and here and
l is a string of white quartz from
'^8^8 comes the
I As you look a great rock slides c
,;''iVirmwwh^aM top and goes crashing down to tin
torn. It was from such rocks the
?T?t the name of Glory Hole.
: miners were often killed by thei:
thus transported to Glory. Stran
; ?*y? many their deaths came
i-neighborhood of the Glory Hole
They were so numerous that tru
-" ers were stationed about the h<
s*s- * warn the miners of danger in c
^*^8?falnf ' iiock should light on the edges.
v.'? ^ first blast of the trumpet meant,
3& crows are now lighting," ami th<
'"?*' ' ond?warneci the miners that the
^' ,. t were loosening and would son
down upon them. A slight pecki
the gravel overhead was liable to
y.i.mm* an avalanche that w ould carry tc
- rock down the sides.
Even now the Glory Hole is 1
"" ' .... J means safe. The earth and rock
it have not yet reached their eq
rium, and slides like those in the
cut at Culebra sometimes occur,
t. The hole is a mighty year there was one break that t
r long, 600 feet broad and block of rock weighing several ni
0 feet tleep. You could tons out of the wall,
hington Monument inside The richest ore of the Troa
ninum tip would still be mines was found at the top.
the top. You could lay it cream, it seemed to have risen
it hi n it, and the ends the low-grade gold-bearing rock
Fwr; ^jra
MaHp/jM MBB^WW ^HBBMPII^WB^BM^MB
iflW(Wro^8^^BB^^^^P|^^^^PTi^!iiriita':m3BI^3i vVmSm&Mm
j|pP?|
PmA. m^B^^P %
nxc STAMPS AND QUCKSILVER TABLES.
Great Britain's
received at least one >-.. - * 11
i now familiar "red trl- >"'
ying "body, .spirit and I x.-.-.^
s the war emblem of the 1 ^ Bh|P|^
in the left-hand corner I
too. one sees the tri- "'
posts, indicating that a fyt BMp
...i ^ --- I 11 ESB3&
v* uric > an vac, | pms
or all three, is near at EjgML &t.
of the commonest sights sBf
the motor cars, similar- |BK
rl driven by girls, that |^Hk< ..
eying soldiers to or from jSjj|l[ ,i?t
ris or taking wounded PP^against
the activities of ?? <^
Ived in town, ten to one
is in Tottenham Court
r is going out to France,
doug limits s 1 i.- is t'oing
G in the morning to have 'ii*
'or the men coming in
iches at S. When the
rpedoed in the Mediter- ^BKBKnSSBSSl^^SSKKSKUtk
vere two \ . M. C. A. men I yv/jivy*.n-"pa
leir way to India, and it y^ , AA^*$r
?>t whether one of them
d.
..i.. An/M.?h ?n.,cMnvin<r i.nnn Ktvv \itiii migmnPAT
he land of its birth, is THE Y. M. C. A.
M. C. A. playing for the
rt in the life of the na- tion comparable to, if not, indeed, 1
ly more vital than, that played by
"ZZIIIIZZIIIZIZZIZIZiri organization as it exists in Americ
England, up to the opening of A
???*geddon, the organization that
founded back in 1S-14 by old Sir <5e
BM Williams had never really caugh
E to the extent of being taken serio
g There were V. M. C. A. branches e\
Sj where throughout the country and
B organization's English memboi
B must have been large. About five y
jjgg ago the English Y. M. C. A. wok<
It brought A. K. Yapp, who as get
fm secretary is the directing genius o
war activities, from Derby, when
>. : had proved himself a born hustle
* London, and imported from Aust:
^ J. J. Virgo, who now has charg
M the work outside England, and who
V had experience in tiie United State
jjL well as at the antipodes, and
B^ these two to go to it and shake th
H up.
fl They did. The big residential h
S? quarters on American lines in Tot
Fa ham Court road was built and a "w
m wind campaign" was organized to
for it, and succeeded. Since that
B the Y. M. C. A. here has really be<
going concern, but something big
B needed to enable it to get a real i
B and when the war came along It
B nlshed this. When the writer aske
B K. Yapp, the other day, in betweer
B Interviews with duchesses and ?
.E what was the conception of the Y. 3
^ ' . A.'s part In the war, his answer
unc*pcucuiy iniorvoiing.
.,vx "Strangely enough, wo were all r<
y for It," eald he. "A bit less than
>y-> years ago a deputation from our
f ' clety waited on the heads of the a
and asked to know what we couli
SHHiSSlyIn the event of a European war?
overtures were warmly welcomed,
--??J military authorities knowing us of
for, you see, we have been represe
at the territorial camps for the
sixteen years, and our big 'mark
where concerts and entertainments ]
f been held, and facilities for letter-v
. __ M Ing provided, have Always been pop
yiag games, tm w, wjth the men. Tijis we found ou
i MKtk. the fountain. head now ws could fe
rkormou
dded'Eight Times the Price
*te for $5, It Has Produc<
?Traveling Through Gold
v They Work?A Productioi
) hole derneath. This ore was discovered b>
Kim- a Canadian whose nickname was
irt of French Pete and whose real name was
ut the Pierre Erussard. French Pete cam!
intold here with some Indians when Juneau
.h be- and Harris were making: their gold
hough finds on the opposite side of the Gasids
of tinenu channel, and began to prospect
Ige of Douglas Island. Ho washed the sands
:e the of the beach and found color. A
sides, little later he climbed up the hills to
eaked where the Glory Hole is and there disl,'9re
covered an outcrop of gold-bearing
wlucli quartz, upon which he located two
claims. He named one claim "Paris."
after the capital of France, where he
expected to spend the great treasures
>f? the lle had discovered, and the other
^ x "Bear's Nest," because it was in a little
cave that was occupied by a bear and
mine two cubs. French Pete then started
The mining, but had" nothing more than
n and rockers and sluice pots and could crush
and wash only the softer parts of the
ge to lode. He took out some gold, but not
from enough to pay well, and a little later
: the on sold the mine to John Treadwell
their for the sum of $3. That was In 1881.
daces. John Treadwell had come to Alaska
mpet- at the instance of some California cap>le
to italists. He had been prospecting In
ase a the Silver Bow basin, back of Juneau.
The and had found quartz gold In the belt
"The where the Ebner mine now is. But
i sec- the gold was poor, and he was about to
rocks give up in despair and go back to San
>n be Francisco when he met Pete and learnng
of ed of his discovery on Douglas Island,
start He went to see the claims, but did
ms of not think much of them, as the ore
seemed to be of too low a grade to pay
>y no for the mining. He suggested, however,
abQiit that Pete should give him a quitclaim
uilib- deed for the two properties for $5, and
canal jie would try to sell them to the capiLast
talists of ?an Francisco. Pete had a
ore a store, and the understanding was that
li 11 ion jf the mines were opened the miners
would trade at his store. This was an
dwell additional consideration, and so for
Like 55 was sold this property, from which,
from as I have said, have already come about
: un- sixty millions of dollars.
*
* *
The property was floated in San
Francisco and Treadwell got one-third
of the stock. The other owners were
large capitalists and among them D. O.
Mills, much of whose fortune came
from this source. Later on the Rothschilds
of London bought Into the property
and today the mine is owned by
the Mills estate, the Rothschilds and
other rich men.
The mines were operated with large
capital from the start. The first excavations
were in the Glory Hole, out of
which five million tons of gold-bearing
lock have been taken. About ten
years ago the first underground stoping
was done, and then they began to
tunnel the earth and work altogether
underground. I cannot tell you just
liow many miles of underground works
there now are, but the mining goes on
for a long distance up and down the
Gastineau channel and far out under
the ocean.
Other low-grade properties of a similar
nature have been discovered, and
the Treadwell mines are now operated
under four different names. One is the
Alaska Treadwell mine, whicli is the
oldest; another is the Alaska Mexican;
a third, the Alaska United Gold, and a
fourth, the Ready Bullion. The Ready
Bullion mine is separate and distinct
from the Treadwell properties in that
it has a gold vein of its own about two
thousand feet southeast of them. Tn
all the mines the ore dikes or veins
are sandwiched between gre?-n stone
and black slate. They run through the
mountains of Douglas Island and in
places extend far down under the Gastineau
channel, which flows between
the island and tlx- mainland.
In many of these Treadwell mines
they are now taking out ore which is
almost a half mile below the surface
of the earth. The ore is lifted Into
great shafthouses. from where it de!
Attends by gravity to the mills. The
ore bodies dip toward the channel, and
some of the tunnels have hundreds of
Soldiers E
most use. and. curiously enough, had all
our plans laid for 'trekking' with the
troops during the summer of 1914 and
playing quite a substantial part at the
annual army maneuvers.
"So we had our sleeves all rolled up,
and, within ten days after the outbreak
of war. we had 250 centers established
in various parts of the country. It was
fortunate that we had, too. as the authorities.
in many places, had no canteens,
no tents, no big markees. Bike
everybody else, we looked for a short
war. and at the outset we appealed only
for $125,000. Since then we have asked
for, and got, and spent, over half a
million sterling, or $2,550,000, not a very
big sum as you count money in the
United States, but a tidy one here. The
bulk of it has been secured by advertisements
in the newspapers and by circularization,
and the sum I have mentioned
does not include local subscriptions,
which have been many.
"The way in which many of the huts
have been paid for is especially interI
esting. It is becoming more and more
1 common for a hut to be erected by a
A father or mother as a memorial to a
Jjl son who has fallen and who could
f hardly have a better one. All sorts of
institutions and societies have given
huts, many banks, for instance, including
the Bank of England. The hut
in Grosvenor Gardens, which Queen
Alexandra opened this week, was preJ
sented by Bryant & May, the famous
firm of match manufacturers. Queen
Alexandra, besides working for us like
OF* a Trojan, has personally given a hut,
which is located at Aldersliot. One was
provided, too. at a cost of $1,500 by the
vast- Variety Artists' Federation, representthis
ins one of the classes that have been
a. In hit hardest by the war.
rma- "The 'mothers of England' have given
was a hut." Mr. Yapp went on, "and so have
orge the boys and girls and even the dogs and
t on cats of England! The 'dogs and cats
usly. hut," which Is located at Rouen, is the
rery- largest we have in France, and has
I the been carried on until recently by Lady
ship Rodney. The way it came to be built
-ears was this: One day a woman?a crip?
up. pie, too-??called on me (she is Miss
leral Maud Field of Mortimer, West Berkif
its shire) and suggested that she.thought
0 he the dogs and cats of CJreat^ Britain
r, to ought to be appealed to to provide a
ralia hut, and that she would make the ape
of peal if we liked. I didn't look for
> has much from the idea, but told her to go
s as ahead. Inside of a month, however,
told she turned up again with $2,250, repings
resenting hundreds of subscriptions,
the biggest of them being $25 and the
ead- smallest one penny, which she herself
ten- collected from owners of dogs and cats,
hirl- in all she collected more than $5,000
pay from the dogs and cats, and the hut
time at Rouen was built and equipped with
a the money,
was *
grip, 4c 4c
fur- "Several women,"7 Mr. Yapp went on,
1 his "have sold out all their worldly possesiuch,
slons In order to build a Y. M. C. A.
M. C. hut ftn(j then have devoted their whole
was time to running it. Subscriptions, both
large and small, have come from uneaay
Hkely sources. A flsh hawker gave six
two half crowns ($8.75) as a 'thank-offerBO*
lng.' A lieutenant sent his first month's
In.ly pay receiving his commission, and
a do a poor woman invested her all in a
Our clock in memory of her husband, killed
tb? in action, and there have been thouoia,
sands of other gifts Just as unusual as
nted these.
past "The whole royal family, as well as :
o??, uoieuo upon dozens or titled 1011c, are
have helping us dally. The king Is deeply
?rlt- interested, and Queen Mary baa conular
trlbuted to our funds and permitted us
it at to give her name to one of our large .
d tats, that at Boulojms. Xba Cults at
sWealtl
. - a ^
8U
of Alaska, Says Frank or
J bli
;d $58,000,000?The S
C> ouornc I In rlor tVio !A'
V_> UVCUIJ lUV^l UI1V'
in
n of 5,000 Tons of Ore 1 f?
! I
th
th
' an
: Pr
- -??
u
A VIEW OF DOl'GLA
feet of salt water over their heads. 18s
It is true there is a thick bed of rock be?
between the miners and the sea. and mi
there is no danger of the ocean making str
Its way through. The mines are wet, ye;
but the moisture comes from the fresh mi
water of the mainland that has found cot
its way through the crevices in the 03<i
rock. urn
During my stay T went down into the for
Ready Bullion mine, and far out under pli
the channel. The means of descent Tsl:
were a five-ton steel bucket as big as th<=
a hogshead and a steel cable almost as pla
thick as my wrist. This cable is gla
more than a half mile long. It is aw
wrapped around a great drum, and so fou
operated by an engine that it raises for
the ore from the mines. ste
* 1,01
* * 7
went down Into the mines with Mr.
Russel G. Wayland, the assistant manager
of the Treadwell properties. We
climbed into the bucket and held on I
to the rim. Then an electric signal the
was given and we shot down into the ma
darkness. The great bucket wabbled der
this way and that as we fell. Our of
descent was at an angle of about fifty see
degrees. We continued at that angle up
for something like 2,000 feet, and after
that the fall was even more precipi- no*
tous. At last we stepped out far under
the ocean. We were now given dea
acetylene lamps, and with these .we ear
picked our way through the tunnels >*oi
arid stopes. The tunnels were lighted Th<
by electricity, and each of them had sta
its railroad. We walked between the the
tracks, stepping now and then to the ore
side, and squeezing ourselves to the fro
wall to let the ore trains pass. These ma
trains were of cars drawn by mules, as
At one place we passed a mule stable, bro
and I was told the mules were kept sta
down in the mines for several years at pov
a time. Those f saw were fat and not O
at all vicious. The darkness does not am
?eing' Done
Connaught is one of our patrons, and tak
Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll, arc
Princess Christian and Princess Henry is :
of Battenberg are all assisting us. Each froi
of them has performed opening cere- Lor
monies for us. Princess Louise having ed
opened our new 'station hut' at King's rive
Cross recently. Princess Victoria of evil
Schleswig-Hohstein devotes ajl her time are
to V. M. C. A. woik. She is head of the inci
committee that has interviewed prac- con"
tically all the many titled women who wh<
are helping in our centers here and in ject
Uunro sT ^
5yQOLykyl^B v- ^ .:'iVn(flHRnB^H|
MLV -
A
Queen Alexandra, In center, at the Y. M.
and buna are aen
France, and, in co-operation with Miss near
Lena Ashwell, the actress, she has or- be o
ganized the concert parties which are be g
constantly going- from this country to food
France to sing to and entertain the sol- sleep
diers in camps, hospitals, 'bases,'
wherever the men are stationed. Princess
Victoria has been to the front several
times, and she it was who declared
the "dogs and cats hut' open. for
"Lord Haddo, the Marquis of Aber- ltti
deen's heir, who is a staff officer, is one
of our most indefatigable workers, Miss
while Lord Kinnaird, who is presi- and
dent of our organization, devotes ninv<
nearly all his time to it. Hardlv a Hnv p y'
passes without bringing us some new bJeIl
titled recruit, one of the latest being ?* 1
Lady Bridget Coke, youngest daughter Jhea
of the Earl of Leicester, who has Just ** *8
gone to France to work in one of our Btati
refreshment booths. the
"In France and elsewhere we have nent
rented hotel buildings, for the use of 'Bryj
the friends of wounded soldiers, at ?< nil
moderate charges, In order that they are i
may remain near these men during the "A
time when their lives hang In -the bal- ing i
ance. We meet every packet-ifoat con- ing
-
hi 111, 3rO
feet their eyesight, as is generally E;
pposed. bi
. stopped now and then in the stopes in
great caverns, where the miners are in
asting the ore. They use drills lo
erated by compressed air to sink fa
e holes for the dynamite, and thus tt
t out great rooms avvav down under al
e sea. These stopes are several hun- t!
ed feet high, and of almost an acre oi
area. Some of them are filled with di
Id ore nearly to the roof. Neverthe- m
js. only a slab of rock lies between u]
em and the ocean. ai
,eaving the mines. I went through p<
e mills, where they were crushing T
e mighty masses of rock to powder w
A lavlnir tlic aaM A a >1
opertv was bought, away back in T
L K, > ,
> ~ '***
- * gggr?
S, ALASKA, WITH JIAEAU ACROSS
>1. the company began to install the fa
?t of modern machinerj*. Its first I ;
II had 120 stamps. That was con- 90
ucted thirty-three years ago. Four or
irs later it was double, and other nil
lis have since been added until the ye
npany now has five great mills with tii
> stamps, and thirty more stamps p]
rler construction. The motive power lie
the mills is partially electric, suped
by water powers on Douglas |g
and and on the mainland. A part of st
power comes from a hvdro-electric as
nt at the foot of the Mendenhall th
cier, which is twelve or fifteen miles ha
ay, and another part comes from jr(
ir miles southeast of Juneau. Call- so
nia crude oil is used for generating re
am and heat, and the company is
tv burning about 8,000,000 gallons of
:h oil every year. The oil is brought r
e in tank ships and stored in steel
iks. of
* 811
* *
* ap
wish I could take you through tQ
great mills and show how the ai]
sses of ore are crushed to pow- cr
to save these small quantities
gold. The red buildings may be ftn
n from the ship's deck as you ride Pe
the channel. They wall the sides of Qu
hills and as you come near them a as
se like so many blasts of artillery su
i the air. Inside, it is almost an
.fening. You may shout into the tit
of the man at your side, but wi
l cannot make yourself heard, pu
s noise is from the hundreds of ev
mps, which are always falling upon lei
ore to crush it to powder. As the 1
comes in it is in rock of all sizes so
m that of the broken stone of a in
cadamized road to masses as large ou
a flour barrel. The larger rock is to
ken until it is of the size fit for the go
mps. These reduce everything to a dr
vder as fine as the finest flour dust. th<
ne of the mills was not working, gi
1 I was able to examine the stamps.
; by 4be ?
e care of thein. Another thing we ee
doing.nand. I think, a valuable one, un
looking after the soldier on leave un
ti the front, who is passing through te?
idon. Every night 1.600 men releas- in?
temporarily from the trenches ar- ed
; in London, and upon them all the or|
powers of the city are centered. We tin
endeavoring to protect them, and, em
dentally, to provide sleeping ac- da
imodation and comfort for them sol
mover they turn up. With this ob- we
we are opening up large huts no
~ ' | ' ' ; ' ^ ;
liilfe i" - "
- ^^Si-r- 1B3MP'VH^^^^9H| #*^v
'"^^RflHIRl!& ft "^fc. :'"
Qb;&> ?-I 1*1! JV
VP 83 ^.r^lky A
' Hi
gm JflRS^LSy
0,1' HEX AS A "BARMAID."
C. A.'s newest "hut" cloKe ,to the Ai
red to the soldi era just back from the I
every railway station, which will hall
pen day and night, and which will dre<
genuinely attractive places, with ters
at rock-bottom prices and good feed
ting accommodation ditto. wor
* fron
* * nun:
are utilizing all sorts of places
these, among others the famous are
e Theater, originally started by Tr
Gertrude Kingston, the actress,
from which so many 'high-browed* for
houses In the United States have
copied. Through the generosity
dr. Drummond, the banker, the _?d
ter is at our disposal for a year. witj,
, of course, close to Charing Cross iect|
on. Near Victoria station, at which then
bulk of the men from the conti- noth
arrive, In addition to the new at tj
int & May' hut, we have taken jnau
I brewery in Horseferry road, and v
iow equipping it as a center. woul
nother thing that we are now go- h
In for on a big scale Is the feed- a. p<
of munition workers. At Wool- him.
tad kU the other his munition
Id Ore
ach consists of a Ions steel beam as
g around as the arm of a man, fitted
to a mighty shoe, which Is eftfht
ches in diameter and perhaps a foot
ng. This shoe is of steel. It is
stened to the end of the stamp, and
?e stem and shoe together weigh
- out half a ton. In crushing the ore.
le stem is so hung by the machinery
' the mill that it can be raised and
opped on the ore 100 timea every
inute. Think of dropping a half ton
ion rock every time your watch ticks,
id you have a slight idea of the
)wer that grinds the ore to a powder,
here are hundreds of these stamps
orkirig at once, and as you look st
lem you do not wonder at the noise,
here are almost a thousand of them
--vlH \ ff
: ??
THE CHANNEL.
lling within a stone's throw of where
urn writing-, and every tune tfiey drop
0,000 pounds of weight falls on the
e. This dropping goes on day and
ght, Sundays and week days, all the
ar through, and the result is the
ly atoms of gold which are so multiied
that they run high Into the milins.
Phe wear and tear of the machinery
enormous. The shoes are of solid
eel. Each of them is twice as big
a loaf of bread, but it is worn to
e thickness of a knife blade after it
s crushed three tons of ore. The
in block upon which the ore lies is
011 ground away, and it has to be
placed for every Ave tons.
*
* *
rhe process of getting the gold out
the ore dust after the crushing is
nple. In front of the stamps is an
ron of netting made of wires put
gether in a mesh finer than that of
ly kitchen sieve. As the ore is
ushed a stream of water carries
e flour dust through the mesh
d it falls onto inclined tables of copr
coated with quicksilver. Now.
icksilver has an affinity for gold, and
the powdered ore flows over it i?
allows the free gold, as it were,
d the rook sand passes on. After s
ne the quicksilver becomes loader!
th gold. It is then scraped off and
;t into a furnace, where the heat
aporizes it and the pure gold only Is
ft.
n addition to this free gold there is
me gold in the baser minerals found
the rock. These minerals are taken
t on shaking tables and then treated
a cyanide bath, which sucks up th*
Id just as water takes up any salt
opped into it. The cyanide water Is
?n put through a process by which It
ves up the gold.
FRANK G. CARPENTER.
. M. C. A.
titers, where thousands of skilled and
skilled workers, many of them volteers,
are now employed, the 'canin'
arrangements proved hopelessly
idequate. and the government invitus.
not long ago. to take hold and
ganize them. We now have over a
Dysand people, most of them women,
iployed. and are feeding thousands
ilv. We started work in a Baptist
100I at Woolwich, where we soon 1
re serving 500 lunches a day, and
w have overiiowed into the big drill
?
merlonn rmbaMy in London. Tea
front.
! there, where we are feeding: hunis
more. In all the munition centhe
problem is the same, how to
I and where to house the volunteer
kers, the bulk of whom have come
a other districts. I can t mention
lbers, of course, but may tell you
: on an average where 16,000 peri
were employed a while ago, 60,000
working now."
uly tne war activities of the Y. M.
l are nearly endless. In its gym
urns, men who have been rejected
the army on account of physical
tcomings like too-narrowness 'of
t are given free physical training
ulated to bring them up to standThe
Y. M. C. A. provides the men
i pocket Testaments and with colons
of marching songs (most of
1 American ditties), and charges
ing for these. It provides cinemas
le "front," too, and it recently has
gurated quite a wonderful system
irhich any soldier at the front who
Id like a "snapshot" of any friend
ome can, by notifying the Y. M. C.
jople, have it taken a-nd sent out to
(OWirfeU. 1814, hj, Cutis ImnJ ?< *