Evening star. [volume], March 26, 1916, Page 4, Image 24

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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THE EVENING STAR,
With Sunday Morning Edition.
WASHINGTON.
SUNDAY March 26. 191
THEODORE W. NOTES Editoi
The Evening Star Newspaper Cotnpanj
Business Offlre. nth st. an.] Pennsylvania Avenue.
New York irtTlce- Tribune Building
Chicago offl.-f; Fimt National Bank Budding.
European OtBce: 3 Kec nt St.. L??mlon. Englaud.
The Srenfnjr Star, with the Sunday mornini
edition. I* delivered by carriers withib the city
t 45 cents per month; daily only. 25 cents per
tnontli: Sunday only. 20 rent's per month. Orders
mar be sent by mail, or telephone Main 2440.
Collection is made by carrier at tbe end of each
month.
Pa Table In advance?by mail, postage prepaid
Daily, Sunday included. one month, fld cents.
Daily. Sunday excepted, one month. 40 cents.
Saturday Star. $1 year; Sunday Star. ?2 40 year.
Entered as srrond-class mall matter at the nost
offlce at Wasliiugton. D. C.
Men and Parties.
It is claimed for Mr. Wilson that he
is twice as strong as his party. Trust
is in him rather than in the democracy.
If a democratic triumph is registered in
November he will be expected by two
out of every three of his supporters to
dominate the situation and shape all
policies. A one-man order of things is
in view by those who thus exalt him in
their praise.
In the case of Mr. Roosevelt, it would
be 110 compliment to describe him as
twice as strong as his party, for his
party has now dwindled almost to the
vanishing point. Except hero and there,
it has no strength left. Wherever there
has been a contest since JIM 2, it has
been a poor third.
The compliment paid to Mr. Roose
velt by his admirers is that he could do
more with a republican nomination this
year than any member of that party;
that he is the only man in the country
who can unite the opposition to Mr.
Wiison and lead it to victory; that, if
victory is desired the republicans will
forgive Mr. Roosevelt his bolt of four
years ago and'his abuse of them then
and since, and call him back to leader
hip.
Here is proposed another one-man or
der of things, in the one case Mr. Wilson,
if elected, is to be "the whole
works." in the other case Mr. Roosevelt.
And yet both nominations will be party
nominations, and each candidate will
stand on what in the campaign will be
called a party platform?a declaration
of party principles to be obeyed in case
he is elected.
It is a curious state of thing9 on both
sides. Mr. Wilson is a democrat, and
was elected on a platform bearing the
democratic label. And yet he is ac
ciairaeu as ueuer cnan ma puny. j nai
is to say, he has merits which hi9 party
doea not possess, and he rather than his
party will come into power next March
if he is re-elected.
Mr. Roosevelt does not claim to be a
republican, and yet it is proposed to
make him the leader of the republican
party, and appeal for votes for him on
b platform reciting republican achievements
and making promises in accordance
with republican principles.
We all know what Mr. Wilson did to
the Baltimore platform when he got a
whack at it. With a chance, will he be
more eonsiderate of the St. Louis plat
form? As for Mr. Roosevelt, who imagines
that any sort of platform would
bind him ?
Any foreign official who seeks in the
Congressional Record encouragement
for the hope that Congress is going to
fail in patriotic duty simply shows that
he does not understand American polit
ics.
No serious fear need be entertain
ed that laws will be so construed as
to make it necessary to be polite to
a burglar until he has proved that
he is not a plain clothes man.
Dr. Cook might devote a little time
to explaining why discoveries or the
north pole have made so little real difference
in human affairs.
An Invasion of England T
It appears from a dispatch from London
that a distinct feeling prevails there
that Germany intends to undertake an
invasion in the near future. This conclusion
is based upon the argument that
Germany fears a simultaneous attack in
fullest force by all the allies, and plana
an expedition across the channel to prevent
England from sending heavy reinforcements
to the front. Recent submarine
operations against neutral merchantmen
in the North sea and the English
channel are noted as evidence of
some new design not connected with the
stoppage of food supplies.
This seems to be rather a fantastic
conception. It has been often said dur
nz the months of war that England
could wish for no better luck than tc
have Germany detach a large number
of rr.en from the continent for an ex
pedition That would have but slight
chance of continued success. In the first
place, the difficulties of getting a large
armada of transports even across the
short run from Bplgium without detec
tion in season to permit a massing of
na\al forces are great enough to make
the enterprise extremely hazardous
Naturally every inch of the Belgian
coast occupied by Germany is beinp
closely watched from sea and air, and
avc iii exceptionally favorable weathei
conditions, as in a dense fog, it woukl
be virtually impossible to embark a
great force for transport oversea with
out attracting attention.
Kven if a landing Mere effected bj
surprise on the English roast a German
expedition would be subject to rough
treatment on shore, for England hai
never, since the beginning of the war
been without a heavy military reserve ai
home, ft would take an army of at
least 100,000 to make any lmpresaior
upon the English coast, and, accordinj
to best available information, there an
many times that number of troops iz
training camps in England todaj
%
1
available for mobilization within twent.vfour
hours at any threatened point.
. The detachment of a sufficient German
force from the continent to effect a seriI
ous invasion of England would bo an
. invitation to the Russians and French
. to begin an offensive to resist which
. there would be probably not sufficient
( reserve immediately available. Naturally
England dreads the possibility of
, territorial attack, with its incidental destruction,
hut unless its home defense
preparations are much less than they
: are described as being she could well
. afford to suffer such a blow for the ad
1 vantage which would almost inevitably
1 result in the general campaign.
A Millennialist Discovery.
The millennialists are chuckling over
a discovery which they think shows that
the President has changed his mind
again.
It is about the navy. In his speech at
St. Louis, when on his stumping tour
for preparedness, he declared that "this
country should have incomparably the
greatest navy in the world/' Instantly,
of course, the declaration fixed general
attention. It made the friends of preparedness
applaud. It made the millennialists
gasp. Did he say it f Investigation
showed that he did. -Did he mean
it? The millennialists were inclined to
doubt.
When the House ordered his preparedness
speeches printed as a public document,
the President decided upon a revision;
and this is the form the St. Louis
declaration took in the House document:
"There is no navy in the world
that has to cover so great an area of defense
as the American navy, and it
ought, in my judgment, to be incomparably
the most adequate navy in the
world.*'
Has this change of language the value
and the meaning the millennialists put
upon it? Does it show that the President
has taken the back track and rejoined
the little navy men? He points
out the task of the American navy?that
"no other navy has to cover so great
au area of defense." We are all familiar
with that area, and put the highest
value on it. As, therefore, that area is
the greatest in the world, should not the
liavv to defend it be the greatest in the
world! How otherwise could it be the
most adequate navy in the world ?
Jn his revision the President retain
ed the word "incomparably." That
I means much?both the word and his
| retention of it. A fleet adequately dei
fending the greatest area in the world
requiring sea defense would, in the na
| tnre of things, be incomparable for size
and efficiency.
The value of the President's sentiment
as expressed at Ht. Louis lies in
the fact that it was indorsed by the
leading naval authorities of this country,
and that the general proposition of
preparedness was strengthened everywhere
by it. He only said what some
others had been saying and many others
thinking. The growing thought for
a long time had been that the United
States should be. and should be made as
speedily as possible, the greatest sea
power in the world, competent at all
J times and everywhere to take care of
her own in an era of force and in a
world easily put on fighting edge.
Col. Roosevelt has discovered a new
bird. He runs some risk of becoming
one of the men whom statesmen refer
to as a naturalist and whom naturalists
refer to as a statesman.
There is some compliment to Gen.
i r uusion ill way n iihb urrn wauir
clear that Carranza is not the man
Gen. Funston is afraid of.
Familiarity destroys interest, but
there is no chance that the public will
become placidly accustomed to reading
of torpedoed steamships.
Like a politician, a pugilist is likely
to spend much time in explaining, first,
what is going to happen, and, second,
why it did not.
A prize fight claims a degree of re
spect for using neither mines nor tor
pedoes.
In the "Bread Line.-'
Recently "bread lines" hare been
maintained in New York and in some
other cities for the supply of food to
those in urgent need and out of employment.
They have not been as long
as in some other years, for industrial
conditions are exceptionally good and
competent labor is in demand. But
they have stood as an evidence that a
certain percentage of the people were
in want, and in order to test the conditions
an investigator the other day
went along then* "bread lines" and of
1 fered employment at good wages to
i every able-bodied man he found. The
plaees he tendered we-e genuine, he
having a eommission from several es
tablishments to find help for them. Out
of several seore of strong, well men to
i whom the proposition was made that
1 they go to work at ".50 to $3 a day only
two aeeepted.
' This experience illustrates the fact
i that there is in every community a resid.
uum of chronic idlers, of people who do
i not want to work, who will trust to
: charity as long as they can keep body
1 and soul together rather than exert
' themselves to earn a living. Without
I any good reason for not working they
> may turn their barks upon opportnnities
for employment. These men should
be taken by the municipality and set to
' some tasks that will compel them to
i render some value for the sustenance
i they receive. In their present eondiI
tion they are worse than useless, for
, they are consuming supplies that should
t be given to deserving people and ncedt
lessly taxing the energies and resources
i of those engaged in charitable works.
{ They set a distinctly bad example,
t If the other day in New York imme
i diately following the man who tendered
r employment came an officer of the law
I
to arrest each one of the unwilling "
able-bodied men as a vagrant, and if each
were sent to some institution where he
would have to toil the bread line would
greatly dwindle. As long as it is possible
to get food without risk of being <
forced to work these tines will continue
to form, encouraging idleness.
Yuan'i Confession. .
President Yuan lias confessed that he <
was unduly tempted by the monarchists 1
to proclaim himself emperor. He was
always a stout republican, he avers, but
the wiles of the imperialists, who flat- (
tered him and beguiled him with spe- ,
cious arguments, were too much for his <
principles. So he fell. "Fortunately, 1
Yuan declares, he did not quite fall '
inrougn. ne nas riung 10 ine euge ui j
republicanism and pulled himself back ^
in time, he hopes, to save his country j
from perdition. t
This is a most interesting acknowl- J
edgmcnt of frailty, made by Yuan in ,
the course of his renunciation of im- 1
a
perial aspirations. It paints a portrait \
of the Chinese ruler in colors never be- *
fore presented in any depittion. The
weak Yuan, beset by seducers, fed with ?
compliments, praised as China's great- t
est son. falters in the faith, clothes him- J
self in his imagination with the robes c
of royalty, admires the effect, sees a |
chance to be a truly beneficent ruler \
with absolute power over a people sore- J
lv in need of a benevolently firm guide i
and guardian and succumbs. ?
Alas for human vanities! Yuan was t
rudely awakened. Humbles sounded in [
the south. Somethiug was doing. The f
fumes of flattery slowly cleared away, J
and meanwhile the rumbling grew loud- ?
er. A real revolution was in progress v
and it was inspired by the picture of t
imperialism that Yuan had mentally t
painted. Being a soldier, Yuan saw 8
things more clearly than before. For- a
ever he put aside the thought of em- J*
pire. He beat liis forehead on the ground A
and cried in self-accusation. i r
v
By the way, it would be interesting c
to know what has happened to the base c
flatterers who put the evil thought of r
empire into Yuan's head. Things have ^
a way of happening strangely in China g
when events turn out differently from J'
expectation. e
Mr c
Ford and the Marital Problem. ?
0
Henry Ford, the motor manufacturer, li
has denied a report that he under- 8
takes to regulate the marital affairs of k
his employes. Witnesses in a divorce ?
case in Chicago have testified that it j
was the rule at the Ford establishment J
that every worker must maintain peace f
at home, get a divorce or quit. And r
Mr. Ford explains that while an effort h
is made to keep couples living together
in harmony, he has never gone so far as
to lay down a peremptory rule. Mr.
Ford is a pacifist, and probably lias car- "
ricd his moral suasion for domestic felicity
a little further than he is ac- ^
knowledging, though perhaps not as far
as the Chicago witnesses have stated.
A man who would spend nearly half a
million dollars in an attempt to make
the nations of Europe stop fighting
would probably offer at least a premium
for marital harmony, if not impose a
penalty for discord. However far it
has gone, it is gratifying to know that
Mr. Ford's influence has been east in
the balance for domestic unity. The divorce
courts in this country are altogether
too busy. Matrimonial conflict is
perhaps not the rule, but it is so frequent
that it has become a serious na- a
tional question. r
Perhaps there is no reason why a l
grand opera should not ask five dollars |
for a seat when a prize fight gets ten. r
The March climate has given especial r
interest to reports of a threatened strike J
in the anthracite coal fields. i
Neither army nor navv will lack any- i
thing that advice or criticism can sup- ,
ply. '
Shooting staes. !
BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. J1
An Expert's Opinion. I
"Do you drive an automobileV9
"No," replied Mr. Chuggins. d
"you must never drive an automobile.
You've got to coax it."
"Dais one thing I likes about prize r
fights," said Uncle Eben. "None of
de fighters tries to fool anybody by ]
pertendin' he's fightin' foh a principle."
A Plea.
While you prepare a toilsome plan
And make us do our best,
Remember, Mr. Weather Man,
The coal pile needs a rest.
Handicapped.
"What's de reason," inquired Loitering
Luke, "dat you can't go ahead
an' git yourself reformed!"
"It's jes'- hard luck," replied Plodding
Pete. "I never could manage to
git arrested in a way dat would give
me de advantages of de right kind
of a penitentiary."
Invitation.
De blue is in de sky agin. De sun begins
to dance.
Come out, Mistoh Ground Hog?voh-kin
take another chance!
Dc wind has been a-blowin' an' a-tos- *
sin' ob de trees.
You had to shet yo'se'f at home foh fear
dat you would freeze.
You prophesied de bes' you knew. You
promised we would see ]
A wMlh^r flat t
wouldn't disagree.
V'ou abet yoh eye* an' climbed away in
hidin' on do shelf.
An' ark so 'shamed. I bet yon been
a bettin' on yohielf.
Now early March it alius was uncertain
as a rule;
You ought to pick yohself a date dat's
close to April Fool.
It's time to shake yohself an' quit yoh
living' in a trance;
80 wake up, Mistoh Ground Hog; you
kin take another chance!
WHAT THE GOYER
Recognizing this to be largely an age ai
>f gasoline, Uncle Sam is coaching his s*
citizens in the proper way e3
Dangers of to Iian^le the dangrerous
.. fluid, so that there may
Gasoline. as little injury to life ^
ind limb and as little damage to prop- ft
;rty as possible. He is spreading his ta
varnings and suggestions through the gi
>ureau of mines of the Interior Depart- p<
nent. ni
The need for spreading a knowledge jj<
>f the hazards involved in handling sh
gasoline is shown strikingly by the ol
act that in this country in 1913. the ni
atest year for which data are avail- fc
ible, twenty persons were killed and m
sixty injured each week in fires caused
>y gasoline explosions and ignitions. ej
fhe same year railroads lost more than e*
1117,000 from fires and explosions while ^
ransporting gasoline. As the con- p?
lumption of the liquid has increased
>y leaps and bounds in the past two pi
'ears, it is believed that the toll of m
ives and injuries and property- dam- ti
iffe taken by the highly explosive fluid ai
las been even greater, unless the very it:
irevalence of accidents has stimulated P'
rreater carefulness. w
One fundamental fact in regard to tfc
rasoline which the bureau of mines h<
s. pointing out is that it is the mix- Qi
ure of the vapor with air that pro- rs
luces the explosive substance which il;
vorks such havoc. I'ntil the mixture ui
:ontains at least 1.4 per cent of gaso- th
ine vapor, the bureau found, there is ec
10 danger of explosion; and, again, sc
vhen the proportion is greater than n<
per cent the danger point is passed, o!
Hashes of flame will occur in mixtures ai
n which the percentage of gasoline is th
stronger or weaker than the limits cc
riven, but they will not bring destruc- vi
ive explosions in their train. The
leeming advantage of this situation, ti
lowever, is compensated for by the b<
'act that in a room it is very likely 9i
hat the strength'of the mixture will re
rary and that in some localized areas e?
t will nearly always be capable of ai
riolently exploding. In
One of the valuable bits of informs- hi
ion given to users of gasoline by the pi
lureau of mines is that it is dangerous
o rub surfaces of silk violently to- se
rether when cleaning it, since the fric- v?
ion may generate electricity and cause af
n explosion. Cleaning automobiles 01
vith gasoline from an open receptacle p<
s another danger to be guarded
gainst, it is explained. Cases are on ir
ecord in which the striking- of a ec
trench 011 a nut has been sufficient to ec
ause an explosion which enveloped the tl
ar in flames. b<
The bureau's suggestions for safety ts
ange from warnings not to allow gaso- jt
ine to evaporate in rooms containing tlielts
and shafting, because of the dan- n
;er from friction, or in rooms equipped ja
^ith uninclosed electric bulbs, to the w
njunction to turn the bung-holes of
mpty gasoline barrels and drums U1
own. In the fighting of gasoline fires
n dry materials, the bureau advocates fj(
he use of sand. When the flames are cc
n the surface of liquids, however, it ]u
as found sawdust best, as it floats and
mothers out the fire. ct
A final warning which the government
;ives users of gasoline is to avoid a J
eeling of false security because dan-Iff,
erous sparks or spark-producing ob-jar
ects may be at a considerable distance. |H(
t has often happened, it is pointed out, jn
hat a gasoline and air mixture formed Tn
rom some one working with an open
nrtinlnine-l
W1 ?-?"5 ?????. V?
ooms, and that a spark in one of these *v
as flashed back to the container, pro- j .
ucing in an instant a roaring fire. ^
Th little red schoolhouses, in which
nany of our self-made captains of induatry
love to tell
ignorance About us they w,,re 'du j-,
. , cated, may have ar
Foreign Ports, thoroughly drilled T1
hese financially successful gentlemen ll<
n the "three Rs," but they seem to fr
lavebeen strangely uncommunicative on h?
he subject of geography. At any rate, *a
whatever the source of education, Unle
Sam, through hie Department of
Commerce, has found many of our ex- ,
orters inexplicably at sea on details ~
oncerning foreign?and even some donestle?territory
which is supposed to
ie commonplace knowledge to the e.
nerest schoolboy of the grammar
grades. Through its publications that
each business men the Commerce De artment
is constantly striving to ham- at
tier corrections for the more common j
T the errors into the consciousness of
ihipyers. si
One of the favorite blunders of ex- ol
torters is to send carefully prepared tj,
idvertlslng literature in Spanish to
amalca. which happens to be so Eng- ot
ish that even the negro laborers of b<
he island speak our language with a
troad "a" that puts Bostonians to
haine. Hundreds of pounds of this ca
ipanish advertising matter, which is p i
.bout as useful to the English business t|
nan of Jamaica as Greek or Sanscrit
vould be. are thrown away each year p]
vithout having been of the least servce
to the Americans who pay fancy C?
>rices for the preparation. tj.
Another group of blunders is made tc
n regard to Porto Rico, over which m
he American flag has been flying for tj.
nore than a decade and a half seem- 01
ngly without the knowledge of some 0,
Americans. Cartloads of mail are sent f
o the island every year addressed to
.nited States consulates?institutions CJvhich
exist only in foreign countries.
V more practical joke on American
ihippers is that many of them careully
affix flve-cent stamps?foreign tr
>ostage?to every letter they send to ai
'orto Rico, thus throwing away 3 cents
;ach time. The Department of <*orn- tj
nerre estimates that several thousand
lollars is needlessly spent in this way R
very year. ,0
tt
* * pi
What can be done toward making a j5*
nalarla-lnfeated region healthful by t
the taking of judicious is
Fighting and practical sanitary PJ
measures at no great cost tj
Malaria. waa flrst demonstrated in h<
'anama. Now, with the lesson once ^
earned on the faraway isthmus and its gj
ignlflcance emphasized and made dra- fl<
natic by its association with the cen- 1*
ury's greatest engineering feat, the
ong-neglected fight against malaria p]
s being taken up in earnest in numer- h?
?us communities back home. In this J1.'
novement the United States .health ?>3
ervice is playing an important part, aj
ncouraging the work as well as diecting
and participating in certain ^
(liases of it. ai
One of the first steps taken by the it
(ublic health service in this field was te
n a group of small mill towns in North Cf
Tarollna, including Roanoke Rapids, tc
vhere malaria conditions were so bad rn
hrough 191 that the health officer ap- Gt
?ointed by the mills to provide medical p(
:are for their employes called on the er
lervice for advice. Experts were im- 8C
nediately sent, and after going into of
he situation thoroughly, made de- tc
ailed suggestions. These have since g'(
>een followed out, and the results, as ci
liscloaed by a recent resurvey of the di
ommunlty by the public health service, si
The Coming Presid<
from the Milwaukee Journal. n
True, Mr. Roosevelt mentioned Mr.
Fladley as a desirable sort of person o<
'or the republican nomination, but he fc
iidn't say whether it would require
something of the heroic" to nominate 1,1
iim.
8(
From the Boston Transcript. g.(
When favorite eons fall out, dark 8t
torsee get their dues. ^
From the Chicago Hers Id.
The "old guard" of the republican hi
party ought to be old enough by this ?]
:lme to know better. sc
From the Cleveland Plain Dealer. Ft
At the lateat reports Roosevelt deride*
that he will be a republican can* tl
lidate only on condition that the party li
proven that it deserves him. ri
NMENT IS DOING
t
*e almost as gratifying in their small
here as were the large-scale antialaria
operations of the army medical
cperts rft Panama.
When the ?pecialists of the service
*st went to the Roanoke Rapids cornunity
in the summer of 1913. they
und that for the past three summers
illy 75 per oent of the 4.100 inhabints
had been ill with malaria. So
ihealthful was the community condered
that not more than half the
>pulation?practically all whites, and
ost of them employes of the cotton
id paper mills?were permanent resimta,
the others moving away after
lort periods. During the warm period
r 1913 medical visits on account of
alaria averaged about fifty a day.
The public health service officials
und the cause of the prevalence of
alaria without difficulty. A number
' small ol ii creri ah strpamK anil fl lllfl rsh
cisted near the residence districts, and
camination of these showed the presice
of large numbers of larvae of the
lopheles mosquitoes, by which alone
le disease is transmitted from one
;rson to another.
In accordance with the advice of the
jblic health service, a vigorous antialaria
campaign was started. I-ecires
were given at the local theater
id in public schools on malaria and
a prevention, educational posters were
it up In public places and the people
ere urged to destroy mosquitoes and
leir breeding places, screen their
luses, use mosquito nets and take
jinine. In the meantime funds were
tised and engineering operations simar
to those at Panama were gotten
ider way. Ditches were dug to drain
le marshes, streams were straightenI
and petroleum was placed in tanks
> that it would drip into drains. A
:>vel feature of this work was the use
' the dye liquids from the cotton mills
id the waste bleaching liquors from
le paper mills, which were turned into
rtain small streams to serve as laricldes.
The next warm season found condions
greatly improved. The daily num?r
of cases fell from fifty to one, and
? per cent of these were found to be
lapses from the preceding year. Blood
caminations made at random showed
oout 5 per cent of the subjects to
ive the malaria parasites in their
ood. as against about 14 per cent the
-eceding year.
During the past year the public health
trvice found conditions still more fa>r?ble.
The number of cases averted
about one every three days, and
ily three cases during the season ap;ared
to be due to new infections.
These statistics relate to health alone,
i the matter of efficiency the story is
tually striking. All the mills of the
immunity were working at much legs
lan their normal capacities in 1913
;cause of the impossibility of main- I
lining a force of well employes. In !
114 and 1915. on the other band, all I
te plants were in full operation, and
le output per man was largest in the
tter year, when health conditions
ere best.
Similar work has been carried on
ider the direction of the public health
rvice during the past three years un;r
different environment and climatic
inditions in Electric Mills, Miss., a
mber mill town. The methods have
sen about the same, and results seired
have been equally gratifying.
In both cases the cost of the work of
inging good health to the communies
has been within reasonable limits,
ul maintenance costs are, of course,
ill lower. In North Carolina the work
1914 cost $3,600, and in 1915 $1,500.
i Mississippi, where the work was on
smaller scale, the cost during the
lar in which most of the engineering
ork was done was less than $1,000.
ist year the maintenance work cost
ss than $200.
The public health service recently
celved a letter from the manager and
easurer of the largest mill company
the KoanoKe napias conimumiy, m
e cours'- of which he said:
"I will frankly admit that I could not
alize what h great change could he
ought about by systematic work
id with comparatively little expense,
ne money spent in anti-malaria, work
:re has paid the quickest and most
lormous dividends 1 have ever seen
om any investment, and after having
id our experience. T would, if necesry,
do the work over again if I knew
would cost ten times the amount."
#
* *
The milk you drink interests Uncle
im. He recognizes It to be one of the
most easily conafeguarding
the a n d
. easily spoiled
Milk Supply. for)(ls in exi8tenc,
id at the same time one of the foods
i most general use. The dairy divion
of the bureau of animal industry
the Department of Agriculture,
jerefore, has not stopped at working
it the economics of dairying for the
:nefit of the farmer, but emphasizes
le health aspect of the industry and
irries on energetic educational camligns
in communities where co-operaon
is desired.
One important and eminently fair
base of the extension work of the
svernment's dairy experts is in eduiting
consumers to a realization of
ie fact that it costs the producer more
? insure scrupulous cleanliness of the
ilk supply than it does to place on
ie market the usual mediocre product
the dirty, dangerous milk that is
ffered under the worn conditions,
he attitude of the dairy division is
lat pure milk costs more but is dededly
worth it, and the experts in
leir campaigns attempt to impress
lis truth on three interested groups?
ie consumers, the producers and disibuters
and the municipal and state
jthorlties who have in charge the
iforcement of the local food regulaons.
When the federal specialists go into
community 10 co-operate wnii me
icul health officials they first make a
lorough Investigation of the milk supIv
and its regulation. and finally loite
the producers of the milk that
below grade and visit their farms,
he attitude toward these producers
not one of condemnation. The exsrts
go Instead to their farms to help
tem to better their sanitary condions.
They look to the health of the
srds and their attendants, the saniry
condition of the barns, the proper
eanlng and sterilization of all utenls
and the methods for insuring a suf2iently
low temperature for the milk.
1 the educational campaigns the re>onsibility
of the consumer in the
latter of temperature also is emlasized.
The specialists point out that
iwever carefully the producer and
strlbuter has handled the milk, it is
kely to spoil if permitted to remain
cposed to the sun or in a warm room
'ter delivery.
In addition to its general educational
ork the dairy division is aiding city
id state authorities in every way that
can to adopt uniform inspection sys ms.
This is desirable to all parties
mcerned, and is especially valuable
> the farmers and shippers who send
ilk into several jurisdictions. An:her
duty of the division of vital Imirtance
is its enforcement of the fed al
pure food laws in regard to milk
>ld in the territories and the District
' Columbia and all milk entering inrstate
commerce. This latter work
lins especial significance in large
ties near state boundaries wfcich
aw their milk supplies from the outde.
;ntial Campaign.
ora the Sf. Louis Globe-Democrat.
Mr. Bryan is only fifty-six. The dem:ratic
party will not have any peace
>r a decade.
ora the Philadelphia Record.
Mr. Bryan has come out flat for Wil>n.
If he expects the eame reward he
ot last time he will come out flatter
ill.
om the Birmingham Ledger.
An exchange says Roosevelt talks in
i* alee p. It i* widely conceded that he
so talke through his hat. The colonel
?ems to be "aome talker."
on the Baltimore Star.
The "dark horses" that from time to
me make their appearance In the potieal
field are not always even In the
inning.
FIFTY YEARS AGO
IN THE STAR
At this time fifty years ago the country
was in the grip of a natural depression
which affected
Industrial *11 1,nes of commerce
? . and industry. In The
Depression. star of March 23. 1S6*.
Is the following on the subject:
"Our exchanges from the commercial
and*Industrial centers teem with evidence
of the dullness of trade and general
instability of business Interests,
at a season of the year when life and
animation should prevail. This state of
things is likely to continue as long as
1 our financial policy is undetermined
and obstacles are thrown in the way
of a speedy restoration of the country
to peace and harmony. Our recuperative
powers as a nation are certainly
wonderful, as shown by the giant,
strides made toward a specie basis,
since the cessation of active hostilities,
notwithstanding we have been during
the past year in a semi-revolutionary
condition. All that is necessary to
enable us to reach the desired goal at
an early day is a settled financial
I policy, shaped to reach that end, and
such legislation as will most speedily
restore the Union. It is conceded that
a majority of the ways and means
committee are willing to frame a bill
to meet the views of the Secretary of
the Treasury, hut are unwilling to run
the risk of another defeat in the House.
The objection was urged against the
loan bill that it conferred too much
j power upon the Secretary. We are unable
to see how a bill can be framed
to meet the emergency without leaving
I much to the discretion of the executive
| branch of the government. The interregnum
from the close of this session
until the commencement of the
I next may witness changes in our financial
and business interests which will
(need to be met with proper action at
jthe time. If Congress can suggest a
better reconstruction policy than that
| of the President, or a sounder financial
system than that recommend
ed by Secretary McCulloch. let it
be done, and done at once, as dej
lay is fatal to our prosperity and
jan early restoration of affairs to
I their original basis will be hailed with
! joy throughout the country."
I *
* *
Washington's sanitary problems after
the civil war w ere serious and the
A Canal demanded remedial atten^lum
tion? Star of March
j * 24, 1866. is an item bearing
on this point, as follows:
! *Vapt William F. Spurgin. local suI
perintendent of the freedmen's bureau
in this District, has made a report to
the assistant commissioner of the prog|
ress made in policing the houses of the
colored population of the city. The
force under his command was set to
| work on that section of the city lying
between 13th and 15th streets and Ohio
avenue and the canal, generally known
as 'Murder Ray.' With one or two exceptions
the inhabitants entered into
the work with alacrity and he expects
by this evening to have this neighborhood
in as good a condition as the low
state of the ground will permit. In
the square between 13th and 14 th
streets and Ohio avenue and the canal,
he says. tb-e tenement houses are densely
crowded with inmates and extremely
filthy, and are so closely built as
to be greatly deficient in light and air.
He recommends that all the tenements
in the interior of this block he torn
down and removed, which he asks authority
to do. On the corner of 13th
street and the canal he mentions two
tenements under which stand pools of
stagnant water, and recommends that
these pools be drained. He also recommends
that a culvert be constructed
from the corner of 11th and t'anal
streets to the canal, to carry off the
foul water from the steam laundry.
Large quantities of filth have collected
in the streets and alleys of this neighborhood
which should be removed: and
the outbuildings, he reports, are in a
dreadful condition, and he says, the
dwellings of the whites in the locality
above mentioned are in precisely the
same condition as those of the colored
people."
*
* *
Throughout the war prices were high
in all parts of the country, and it was
some time after the close of
Falling hostilities that the cost of
_ . living was lowered. Tn The
Prices. star of March 26. 1866. is
the following article on the subject of
the tendency toward lower prices,
which'was then in evidence:
i "Thousands of housekeepers throughout
the country are rejoicing at the
'good time coming so anxiously expected
and so long deferred, when
provisions, dry goods, house rents and
other things conducive to comfort and
necessary to existence in the social
[state are so far lowered in price as to
make the difference very perceptible to
(people with small incomes. And the end
is not yet. Gold has fallen about ten
j per cent since the first instant and is
still tending downwards and prices
' must follow. Rents are still kept up.
I but the number of vacant houses is
increasing and the unerring law of
| supply and demand will reduce the
rates. This rapid return to a peace
[footing and specie basis is necessarily
attended with a temporary stagnation
or ousinesH, ??u? mc w-w... ~
[be reached and then we have every
reason to expect a career of unexampled
prosperity based on a sure
'foundation. With this prospect ahead
business men should trim their sales
land bear up manfully against the present
dullness, which was unavoidable
and is transitory. Buy but little and
I make few engagements and for a short
time. "Work off present stocks and
'await with caution future developments.
Consumers are indisposed to
purchase extensively and dealers must
be governed accordingly.
"It is stated that within two months
past cotton has declined an average or
eight to nine cents per pound and the
manufactured goods, as sheetings, muslins.
prints, etc., in proportion, Ave to
eight cents per yard. Groceries are
materially lower, though yet felt to
he high in comparison to what they
formerly were; breadstuffs and meats
are not equally reduced in price,
but it is to be remembered that
they are not so directly affected
by the gold rate as are articles on
which duties are paid in gold.
These articles of food are generally
slower to be affected than imported
goods and manufactures, but
they also must in time come under the
influence of the general downward progression
to a proper degree, both at I
retail as well as wholesale. The agri-|
cultural production of the country must i
augment by the addition of laborers!
withdrawn from the armies, and by thei
tide of immigration. There cannot,
however, be a doubt that there will
continue to be such demand for consumption
of all such production as to
insure remunerating prices to the farmer
as compared with what he will have
to pay for other articles."
0 TIME AND CHANGE!
When wo woro kid* together. Jane?
Can .roti that time recall??
And played along the shady lane.
Beneath the maples tall.
You then wore nine and I was ten.
And oft I'd say. In fun ?
"Just think, Jane?you'll be twenty when
I come to twenty-one!"
But when I rame to twenty-one,
A gawky youth and green,
T wondered how the trick was doneFor
you were just eighteen!
Then luring fortune beckoned me?
Tho world I wandered o'er:
I got hack home at thirty-three
And found you twenty-four!
And now I'm getting old, indeed?
These gray hairs make that plain;
My flower of youth has gone to seedPray,
what's the secret. Jane?
I'm lost?I know not what to do?
O cruel fate that's mine!
For lo! I now am forty-two.
While you're but twenty-nine?
?Cleveland Leader.
1
ANCIENT MILITAR
A dispatch dated Paris. March 21. w
conveys throuph Gen. Alexieff. chief of
the Russian peneral staff. m
Modem the felicitations of the cc
p, <7.ar to Gen. .loffre for the c
hanges. brilliant conduct of the- ^
20th Army Corps at Verdun, (Jpn. Alexieff
add:np his own expressions of ad- *'
miration. The Incident supRcsts the
chanpes w *oupht by electric wire m V
many way;, and not the least in the
matter of the ancient military ha- 1f
ranpue, which, by reason <-f the vast
numbers enpaped and the preat lenpth
of battle l'nes. has been superseded bv ,
the telephone and the proclamation. u
The personal address or "haranttue" of ''
the genera iissimo is no longer pos- j.
sible. This duty now devolves upon it
the division and brigade < omtnanders. "
1 S;
colonels of regiments and captains of ^
companies. Formerly the ha ran cue of ?>
the Roman general was made from a ''
mound surrounded by his legion massed I p
about him. ! p
The hooks of history, and amonc '
these the 'I'onoiones" of the Latins,: .
contain the harangues of their chiefs
to their troops. Thus. Furius Canilllus. !'
the second founder of Rome. who. addressing
the troops he would lead
against the Gauls af Antium (339 H. <".?.
whence he would bring back the
brazen prows of the galleys as trophies,
harangued the Roman army at Latium
which feared the coalition of the Antiates.
the Latins and the Herniques: li
"Companions, where are the joys and
the desire to tight 1 have always seen
in your eyes? Have you forgotten who
I am. who you are, and who your enemies?
Do you not owe to the Vols- <;
ques and Latins the glory you have ^
acquired? Have you not conquered
Veies, defeated the Gauls and delivered P
Rome under my orders? Am 1 no long- ??
er Camillus because I have not the (j
title of dictator? Attack only, and as
usual our enemies will flv before \ou."
* h
* o
In no period lias the soldier heon per- P
rnitted to inarch blindly to battle j1
without some idea s'
Informing the nf ,he ra,",?' for
w hich he w as to ^
Fighting Man. imperii his life. j..
Nor is this true alone of th?* civilized p
soldiers. The native African chief ha- w
rangues his men hefore the battle, and
always after, taking care to accentuate p
the fact that hut for his leadership d
the battle would have been lost. <Jn ,
ol
the other hand, if the battle had gone t.|
against them the chief does not liesi- e'
tate to place the blame on his men.
The chief is not alwa\s prudent or P
wise. The write: on one occasion in si
the African jungle, interposed to saveitl
the life of Gimmoro, chief of the hi
Fatiko, who counting too much upon'qi
his capacity as a cloud compeMer ?nd a M
cloud controller, harangued his men. I w
who had been deluged by a frightful ai
rainstorm, which had caused them ; d<
great hardship and suffering. Sim- ;
morn, overconfident in sudden indi-lP
cations of fair weather, made a speech icl
and ordered the rains to* cease most I "1
peremptorily. The heavens rebelled. ! ? <
however, and the rains set in during I"
the night with renewed violence. The | tc
following day. the storm persisting and ei
Gimmoro's prestige hopelessly gone the b<
Fatikos would have killed their cnief
but for my intervention, i was obliged
to explain that whilst Gimmoro was an
undoubted rain maker, he was no good
as a rain stopper, but that I was. The 1's
storm having ceased my argument was j
readily accepted. I ?
Modern captains like the famed Bay- ?
ard. "the chevalier without fear and
without reproach"; Henri IV, Conde.
Charles XII. have maintained the an- tj
cient traditions as to harangues to
their troops. ni
Chevalier Bayard (Pierre Terra il, a
Sgr. de) won imperishable renown y
during the wars of Charles VIII, Louis
XII and Francois I. His bravery and P
generosity excited the admiration of tr
his enemies and won for him the w
unique title of "chevalier without fear .
and without reproach." He defended
alone the bridge at Garigliano against bi
200 Spanish noblemen. He was killed at y,
Abhrate-grasso in 1524. and before dying
he severely reproached the Bourbon
constable with his infamous con- ?'
duct. Besieged at Mezieres. Bayard
harangued his men, praising the re- v
sources of the fortress, the solidity of V
the ramparts and the succor that was
certain; a
* o
* * S
"Comrades, shall it be said of us
as a reproach that Mezieres was lost d
by our fault when we are n
Bayard's in such good company
- ,, and with such good peo- 0
Address. pje-? seems to me that b
if we were in a meadow, with nothing c
before us but a ditch of four feet, still 0
we might fight a whole day before be- w
ing defeated. But. thank God. we have a JV
wall and rampart, where, I think, be- v
fore our enemies place their feet many *
of them will sleep in the ditch." tJ
Julius Caesar in the midst of- his vie- ?
tories was always certain of repressing
rebellion or indiscipline by disdain and j..
the application of the word "quirites." r,
the Roman word for civilian, as if to
say, "You are a civilian, but not a sol- ti
dier." _
Germantcus used caesar s Tormina |
successfully. "What name shall I give]
to this turbulent crowd that surrounds
me? Shall I call you soldiers? You | di
have besieged as an enemy the sort of i
your emperor. Citizens? You have 1 _
trampled under your feet the authority iof
the senate; the laws even of war,
the sound character of ambassador, the
laws of nations. And this is the first
legion, holding: its standards from Tiberius.
You also, soldiers of the twen- ol
tieth. companions of bis victories, en- ai
riched by his generosity, you thus re- jr
pay your general with such gratitude:"
"It is not by mutiny," declared Bona- a!
parte to Kleber's division that mu- m
tined at Zaouy, Egypt (1799). "that you
will remedy the ills of which you complain:
at the worst it were better to 11
plunge your head in the sand and die
with honor than to give yourselves up v;
to disorder and indisciplirte.'* tl
No great commander since Julius tli
Caesar knew better than Napoleon the in
art of Inspiring emulation and enthusiasm
in his diverse legions (when his ill
army was a composite one). The ha- at
rangues that Thucydides, Quintius Cur- fo
tius. Tacitus and Tacitus Livy have ni
produced are far too polite to be com- ai
prehensible to the soldier in camp, th
however much they may serve as mod- ar
els of rhetoric. They are lacking, In- re
deed, in the essentials brevity and situplicity.
wj
Leonidas at Thermopylae heard the ar
sentinel cry; "Here are the Persians re
who approach us." and he replied: "And
we also?we approach them." Hannibal is
before the battle of Cannes twitted Gts- vi
con. who expressed astonishment at the. nc
number of the Romans. "There Is some- fin
thing more astonishing still. Giscon," en
said Hannibal, "in frowning, and to an
Russia and the War.
I From the Chicago Poat. * r
I The Russians have reached Trebizond.
Constantinople had better lock front th
doors and turn in a general alarm. Cf'
re
j From the Iloston Transcript. ni
Ivan as a fighter may wear no prize Fp
belts, but it must be admitted that as ,
starring partner he is a glutton for J
punishment.
to
From the Baltimore American. pr
The Russians are coming: back with Fr
emphasis.
ch
From the New York Sun. ar
Kuropatkin has a reputation to make, th
a chance to redeem himself. It will be eq
interesting to study him in his new pn
.field of action. ^
From the Cleveland Main Dealer. do
It requires a conflict of the vastness us
of the present war to permit Russia ot
even to get well under way. The year
l'J 16 will probably see Russian mill- 1
tary power mustered and applied as tic
never before. co
i "HARANGUES"
/
hich yon pay no attention/* "What 'g
lat?" asked (Jtscon "It in that in all
lat prodigious number of men there ?*
>t a single one who cults himself <os?
>n" And all the < "a rl ha gen tans laughe |
ayly. If the general rould Jest th
as it not because he was sure of \ r ?r\
.*
Henry 1\' at I\r> iK>Q0> prior to th$
uttle, passing in front of his troops,
is hand pointing to Ins white plume,
lid: "My children, if the sound of
ornettes' does not reach jou by ?< ?'!
tit. tins is the signal for rally,
on will And ii always on the rout*
? honor ami victory 1 am your King"!
on are Fretuh. there Is the eneaiyj
t us up and at them'"
The grand coude at Lens (1648) ci eif
> the troops in line "Friends, hava
ood courage. remember Roerov. Frlonrg
and N'ordlingue." Bonaparte,
alloping in lront of the army in
K ,x |' ' I . < 1 I . .MUM pom I I II g I " ' ' H
litin rets of Cniro and to the pyrawMn
:i which the nsmp sun was shining,
?i i: "Soldiers. > on are pilne: t < ? com*
;il the nominators of Kirypt. Thnic
f it ? from yonder heights forty itik
jrie* loon down upon you!"
The antique harangue was set aside
> Napoleon and transformed 1 t t ' ?
roclamation. Napoleon's fifty pro?.nia
lions and orders of the day form
;ie history of his first campaign itt
taly from March -7. 17f?6, to the su?
reme adieu to Malmaison, June
SIS.
*
* *
While Napoleon has incorporated tho
tyle of the Roman harangue of th*
conciones. Kaiser \\ ;!rapoleon's
h'lm (roes l.ark to o
style adopted by tho
Harangrues. MllCj#nt Hebrews the
[osaic harangue, tlie chief chosen -f
od to exercise His justice and H's
orks. Napoleon has not learned 1. s?
art from the Bihle: lie names God only
i.ee in these proclamations atid then
isereetly as "divine justice" "Soliers."
he proclaimed, after Rchoenrunn
(May 13. 1K09, and the capture
f Vienna, "let us l?e good to the poec
easants and to this good people \\ !? ?
ave so many rights to our esteem,
.el us not entertain any pride over our
uceess. Ret us see a proof of that
livine justice* which punishes the unrateful
and the perjurer"
The morning after the victor* of
ssling (1^09) Napoleon terminated h'?
roclamatiou to the army b\ these <
ords: "Soldiers, tlie Austrian army .?f
.aly. whiyh a moment stained by ! .resence
my provinces, which had the
retention to break my crown of iron,
ispersed beaten, destroyed by your ef>rts,
will be an example of the truth
f that device: *Pio me la diede guai a
li la focca" (God has given it to me.
it 1 he' to him who touches it.)
This proclamation was prepared a d
rinted in advance, to he distributed
niultaneously to the different corps.
iiis tiie proclamation addressed to the
ind forces in Kgypt from his headuaiters
on the "Inient" was dated 4
lessldor. year vl (June 22. 179R). Tt
as constituted as an order to the
rm.v and dated June 3??. the day of the
eharkinent.
The hero, who did not forget the pe?le
when he spoke to soldiers, pro.
aimed at Sheraseo (April 16. 1766iPeople
of Italy, the French arinv
utiles to break your chains; the French
eople is the friend of all peoples; come
> it then with confidence; your prop*ty.
vour religion and your usages will
e respected."
*
:* *
The eloquence of officers of the Hoe
i now depended upon to communicate
to the troops the proclspeeches
of mations of the genera!isKimo,
and this fact augcers.
ments confidence tn and
le authority of the subalterns. The
lilitary history of ancient France
bounds in interesting incidents. At
leurus < 1K90) a regiment badly equiped
and in rags sulked when ordered
? advance, but finally decided to march
hen the officer said: "My friends,
pre is something to console you?you
ave the good fortune to have before
r?u a regiment clothed anew. Let u*
targe them vigorously and reclothe
urselves!"
The commanders of a regiment of V*arre
exhorted thus his battalion at
lalplaquet (1709):
"Come on, my friends; let us march
gainst those gentlemen and comtnend
urselves with good heart to our Lady
trike Hard; she is the patroness of
le regiment; she has accomplished the
reatest miracles, let us have conflence
in her. she will not fail us. How
tany times have we not proved it."
Many times the chaplain sermonized
fie troop before the blessing, and the
Id subaltern officers who had lost the
ahit (and their Latin), yielded to the
haplain the word.
"Children of war." cried the chaplain
f the grenadiers of France, "notit
hstanding the audacity in your
duIs. humble yourselves before the
eignnr. He alone can give von thictory."
But at times the prearheas
absent, and it was necessary not
) give the troop time to reflect, and
uas the lieutenant colonel of the regilent.
d'Auvergne. cried:
"Soldiers all. the abbey tells you the-*
: no salvation for cowards! Vive 'a
?i!" and that apostrophe was perhaps
iOre effective than any harangue in
le concioncs.
*
*
Today the electric w ire has suppressed
istance; the will of the chief may be
known and his voice heard
lectric on parts of the line In a
. telephone message, as the
AlQS. order of September 6. 1911.
hich announced the war to the armies
f France. Devoid of the oratorical
rtiflce which Bonaparte employed I
istinqt, the order was brief and bare.
5 becomes an urgent order, yet the
essage of Gen. Joffre recalled the in
?rial vigor of Bonaparte's proclamaon:
".Soldiers a troop which cannot ?r
nice should maintain at whatever cost
le conquered ground and die rather
tan recoil. In the actual circumstance
j retirement will be tolerated."
Bonaparte's imperial vigor was again
lustrated in Gen. Joffre's interview
London with the British minister of
reign affairs, divulged in a recent
amber,of the English Review, on th*
ithority of M. Seton-Watson. While
e Napoleonic qualities of Gen. Joffie
e apparent M. Seton-Watson fixes the
sponsibilities for the abandonment of
rbia (one of the surprises of the
ar), which upset the French ministry
id sent M. Delcause into permanent
'tirement.
The Napoleonic vigor of Gen .Toffe
not a mere phrase, for without this
gor and prescience Salon iki would
>t be there as a great spear in the
ink of Constantinople?to paralyse an
emv with ambitions In Egypt, Persia
id India. CH. CHAIL.L.E-LOKG
United States and Mexico.
nm the Boston Transcript.
We were inclined to he anxious about
e cutting off of Pershing's lines ><f
mmunication until we happened t<?
member what Dewey did to the Mala
cable.
out the Chicago Tribune.
Fhe best informed opinion is that the
sk before us in Mexico is not going
be performed easily, cheaply, or
omptly.
run the Baltimore American.
rhe penetration into Mexico has di.?jsed
the weakness of this country <n
ms or tne service, in equipment.
e entire routine of marshaling and
uipping a suitable army,
nm the Philadelphia Telegraph.
IVe are not looking for trouble. We
not want trouble, but if it cornea to
we have the courage and the patri- ,
ism to do our duty. <
>m the Pittsburgh Dispatch,
rhe soldiers of the punitive expedi n
are said to be suirertng from th?
ld? but their feet are safe.
i