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__T>T_....... ..... ?,,,w j Vt? - - - - %? t- ~ * ? - - ' - .4r - - j ?? - - - r-*-s *% - ' ' -. .--. ?$*> - - - - . _ EXTRA! ffje ftimmg ffaf. EXTRA! 9:00 P.M. ^ J I** 9:00 P.M. WASHINGTON, D. C., MONDAY, APRIL 2, 1917. 0XE CENT. PRE! 4 ) ARMED AM SUNK BY A By tb? A *sor! a tod Prr?j?. NEW YORK. April 2.?The by the Oriental Navigation Con from an American port, was sunk according to advices received her United States consul at Brest, Fr The cable message gave no in: There were thirty-nine men aboar icans. The Aztec sailed from New \ commanded by Capt. Walter O'E The Aztec carried a full cargc valued at more than $500,000. PARIS, April 2.?The Americ a submarine near an island off Brt and are being brought into Brest, and little hope is held that they ca pedoed at night while a heavy se; Hisr imnoTMnr/irMTfiiic iviuoi ifiummiuuo SESSIDNIN YEARS Congress assembled at noon today for a session generally agreed to be the most momentous for fifty years. A resolution declaring that a state of war exists between the United States and Germany today was prepared for offering to the House by Representative Flood, chairman of the foreign affairs committee. The resolution would authorize the President to carry on war against Germany. Text of Resolution. The resolution follow!*: "Whereas the recent course of the Imperial German government is, in fact, nothing less than war against the government and people of the United States. "Resolved, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled. That the state of belligerency between the United States and the imperial German government, which has thus been thrust upon the United States, is hereby formally declared, and War With All Resources. "That the President be. and he is hereby. authorized to take immediate steps, not only to put the country in thorough state of defense, but also to exert all of its power and employ all of its resources to carry on war against the imperial German government and to bring the conflict to a successful termination." Mr. Flood announced late today that he would make some changes in the form of his resolution before offering it.- He declined to say what the changes would be. but it was understood that the declaration of existence of a state of war would stand. The President, in his address, it is understood, will refer to the traditional friendship between the American people and the German people and differentiate between the German government and the people it rules. He also will recount his efforts to restore peace to Kurope and to maintain peace with Germany. Before going to Congress, the President did not take even members of his oabinet into his confidence on the exact terms of his address. From information he has called for and general dis?*us:- ions at cabinet meetings they know he has concluded that war with Germany seems. inevitable. President Wilson's address immediately will be sent to ail the foreign embassies and 1 gat ions here and will be telegraphed to American diplomats abroad. It was acknowledged today that foreign governments. ..n rc*.*ipt of it. may interpret it as they think best. ?ven to assume that it s<. closely approximates recognition o? a state of war as to necosM'ate is- u;ng of neutrality proclamations Whether such a step will/be taken b\ any neutral prior to formal action by Congress is unknown here. Asked to Rush Organization. Democratic House leaders got word from the White House to hurry the organization as much as possible. ni:Krc8B ?iM?-i:iiiica vith a majority openly in favor of a declaration of a state of war* if not actually, a declaration of war. Beset on one side with large delegations of pacifists praying that the country be kept out < f war. and besieged on the other by large numbers of "patriotic pilgrims." who demand the country's entrance into the war. Congress waited to hear th.- President outline the long history of German ag T? ssior:s :t"_ . ns* A merman iivs and lights ami the predatory violence of Iot submarines. Administrat ion ofacials have made no s< cret that thf-y consider Germany has been making war on the United States l'or some time A large majority in Congress takes the same view'. The minority is divided between those who think a state of amp d neutrality is sufficient for the President and the v-ry few v. ho openly favor peace at any price. War Spirit at Capitol. The Capitol was arrayed in a war spirit ;;gr* ss assembl; d The pacifist dele\rir. r white on their sleeves, < p ., r'-aiuers across their breasts, ( .1 the sidewalks in numbers, > .? . :s and Senate galleries, .' < ; s o* c.eir congressmen. . . ' . . :i .ilii'iit without demonstra, .. i CHi Sc end Page.) SIDE TO RICAN SHIP l SUBMARINE American steamship Aztec, ownec lpany, the first armed ship to sai yesterday by a German submarine e tonight by the company from the ance. formation as to the fate of the crew d the vessel, sixteen of them Amerrork March 18 for Havre. She was irien. > of foodstuffs, and general supplies an steamer Aztec has been sunk by :st. Some of the crew were rescued A number of the men are missing n be saved, as the steamer was tora was running. BKIin By THE DEMOCRATS CLARK IS RE-ELECTED . j Speaker Clark was' re-elected today bv a veto of 217 to 205 over his re republican opponent. Represent^ ive Mann, as the first step in the organization of the House of Representatives? the necessary preliminary to the delivery of President Wilson's "war" address. It seemed so certain that the President would ask Congress to declare that a state of war exists between t?e United States and Germany that Chairman Flood of the House foreign affairs committee, the administration spokesman there, prepared a resolution to declare a state of war and authorize the President to act. All of the democrats present and four of the so-called independents?Martin, progressive-protectionist of Louisiana; Schall. progressive of Minnesota; London. socialist of New York, and Randall. prohibitionist, California?voted for Clark. Two republicans?Gardner and Fuller of Massachusetts?voted for Representative Lenroot of Wisconsin; Representatives Dallinger of Massachusetts and Gray of New Jersey voted for Representative Fillett of Massachusetts, and Representatives James of Michigan and Haskell of New York, republicans, voted present. The Speaker was escorted to the chair by a committee of which Representative Mann was the chairman He was greeted with loud applause from both sides of the chamber as he spoke, in part, as follows; "I fully appreciate the fact that it . ill v... .lie charge the duties of the speakership in this House. It will be almost impossible to do so without the hearty co-operation of the members without i regard to party atfiliation. I will use my utmost endeaver to be absolutely fair and I invoke the aid of all the members in doing so. Speaker Talks Patriotism. "It is absolutely unnecessary and superfluous to lecture the membership on patriotism. We are all patriots, as are the people who elected u.s. We are all Americans, whether natives or foreign born, as our constitutents. On many questions we are 'distinct as the billows, jet we are one as the sea* when *^he honor and safety of the republic are involved. Politics finds no place in this House when the general welfare and tfre common defense of the nation are at stake. Let ali the ends we aim at be our country's, and in the accomplishment of these ends j may the Cod of our fathers be with t us and guide us in the way which- will redound to the honor and perpetuity of the greatest republic that ever existed in all the flood of time." The Speaker took the oath at 1:50 o'clock and members then were sworn into t>ffiee in groups by statesr Immediately after the Speaker's election new members were sworn In, arid balloting was begun on the minor officers of the 'House organization. While the President and his advisers are confident that, a great majority in Congress, as well as the country, stand behind him. a state-of-war resolution J is not expected to be passed tonight, i Its passage rnaj5 be "a matter of one oc two or even more days, but the temper of Congress gives evidences that it will be passed by a large majority. Meanwhile preparations are being carried forward in the military branches of the government to carry out the instructions of Congress after the President has spoken. Clerk South Trimble and Sergeantj at-arms Robert B. Gordon were reelected. Joseph Sinnott of Virginia, democrat, was elected doorkeeper over Rert Kennedy of Michigan by a vote of 216 to 211. William M. Dunbar of Georgia, demj ocrat, was re-elected postmaster over } Lawrence Lyons of Indiana, republican, by a vote of 217 to 205. As is customary, the Rev. Henry N. Couden of Michigan, the blind chaplain of th?* House, was re-elected without opposition. The House session opened with Clerk South Trimble presiding until organization was perfected. The chaplain included in his prayer a plea for patriotism. "Diplomacy has failed." he prayed. "Moral suasion has failed. Appeals to reason and justice have been swept aside "We abhor war and love peace, but if war has been or shall he forced upon us, we pray that the heart of every American citizen may throb with patriotic. feeling and that a united people may rally around our President to hold up his hand in every measure deemed i/ecessary to protect the lives of American citizens and safeguard our inheritance." Nearly the entire Senate membership was present when Vice President Marshall called for order and, after the invocation, the President's proclamation (Continued on .Second Page!) r NT AS DECLA TELLS JOINT SE! ; ACTS CONSTIT THE \ .-! # ; 7 President Wilson this evenii > of war exists between the Uni He cited the many and cc traveling on the high seas as ' The President said: "With a profound sense of tiie solemn and ev involves, but in unhesitating obedience to what I the Imperial German government to be in fact iu it formally accept the status of belligerent which 'country in a more thorough state of defense but ah German Empire to terms and end the war." The President urged the raising of 500,000 mei The {situation was further aggra\ Brest, France, of the sinking of the A? the first armed ship sunk, carried a c The President lost no time in aski the German empire. He asked to he 1 The President was in constant tou House at a minute's notice. Late in t ably would not he ready to receive hir it was arranged for him to appear at 8 Immediately following the complet requests, and there will he no delay in Chairman Flood of the House fore state of war exists between the Uniti This resolution would authorize th a state of belligerency between the LT upon the United States." The President is authorized to use The President's address, in full, foil Gentlemen of the Congress: submarine warfare I have called the Congress into ex- '8 a- warfare, again: traordinary session because there are War Ao- " serious, very serious, choices of the r gainst policy to be made, and made immedi- ** *s war against atelv, which it was neither right nor can ships have be constitutionally permissible that 1 ,ives taken, in way should assume the responsibility of us very deeply making. ? ships and people ol On the third of February last L ottt- !^,iendLy nations hi .. , , overwhelmed in the cially laid before you the extraordinary way. There has b j announcement of the imperial German tion. The challeng. government that on and after the first | nation must d 0 ,, . .. . ,l will meet it. T1 day of February it was its purpose to | for ourselves must put aside all restraints of law or of I moderation of couns humanity and use its submarines to | n*8s of judgment sink every vessel that sought to ap- act?r and our motiv proach either the ports of Great Bri- mU8t put excited f tain and Ireland or the western coasts ?Vve will not. be of Europe or any. of the ports con- ?rj?us aS8e**tion of trolled by the enemies of Germany the nation, but c within the Mediterranean. That had ? ri^ht? of human seemed to he the object of thg Ger- i- a .s*nS"le man submarine warfare earlier in the i J addressed war, but since April of last year the . .fuary la: imperial government had somewhat suffice to j restrained the commanders of its un- with arms, dersea craft in conformity with its ~?e seas against un promise then given to us that passen- , ,r. keej ger boats should not be sunk and that ^.,l]n.KK un^awful vi due warning would, he given to all \riL-"*>' it now other vessels which its submarines f . "ecause su ' ti. /ip?frov. when no resist- aws when 1 ance was offered or escape attempted. '.'""''.V*4 , tl,x Tc and care taken that their crews were ' *r<nan? -shippii.Lg, given at least a fair chance to save /, , , V. ;sh|P-s apain their lives in their open boats. me..j ? nations The precautions taken were meager a ' c' It" n.en w?uld and haphazard enough, as was proved .!?. J/1S. Pr*vateer.s in distressing instance after instance in ^ art K,vmg chase the progress of the cruel and unmanly con^nion prude business, but a certain degree of re- ' ances? grim neces straint was observed. The new policy J f avor, *? destroy has swept every restriction aside. Ves- lave shown their 01 sels of every kind, whatever their flag, dealt with their charcter, their cargo, their des- ^ ? at a"* .The C tination, their errand, have been ruth-J. nies the right c lessly sent to the bottom without warn- j arms at all within ing and without thought of help or hlea ^'hieh it has pre mercy for tliose on board, the vessels of' "clense of rights friendly neutrls along with those of! Publicist has ever belligerents. Even hospital ships and I their right to defei ships carrying relief to the sorely be- 's conveyed that reaved arid stricken people of Belgium, which we have pi though the latter were provided with chant ships will be ,safe conduct through the proscribed 1,ie pale of law and areas by the Merman government itself with as pirates wou and were distinguished by unmistaka- Armed neutrality i ble marks of identity, have been sunk at best; in such circ with the same reckless lack of compas- of such pretensi sion or of principle. ineffectual; it is lils I was for a little while unable to be- what it. was meant lieve that/such things would in fact be | Practically certain t done by arty government that had I war without either t to the human nrac- I fectiveness of belligc tices of civilized nations. International "5?ice,*'aV?"?l "'/? law had its origin in the attempt to set ? making-. We will up some law whoh would he respected lbm'sslon SL and observed upon the seas, where no f ?ur, T.'T nation had right of dominion and where iw.'uf,, violated, lay the free highways of the world. By painful stapre after stage has that law ro0l o" hurnal life been built up. with meager enough re- nutnan lite, suits, indeed, after all was accomplished t that could be accomplished, but ^always coining l^es. I with a cler view, at least, of what tiie With a rrofnund < heart and conscience of mankind de- , profound i manded. and even tragical ci This minimum of right the German 1 ant taking and of tl government has swept aside under the ties which it involves plea of retaliation and necessity and .. .. i . T l because it had no weapons which it what I I could use at sea except these which it tional duty. I advis: is impossible to employ as it is em- de('lara the recent co r ploying them w ithout throwing to the pcrm?n Government i winds all ccruples of humanity or of ^ s than war ag; i respect fot1 the understandings that ? Pf0Ple ?f the b t were supposed to underlie the inter- i?- ar<~ept tlie ! course of the world. I am not now ?T , ,l\aS, th"'H be5? ; thinking of the loss of property In- put the country a VOlrd,- ^ro?8theaw' *,erio,,s ^ ,hat defendbu{7a&>t, is. but <yf\ ly Of the \\ an ton and whole- and employ all its re sale destruction of the lives of non- oGvemment of the combatants, men, women and children, terms and end the w; engaged in pursuits which have al- What this will ir ways, even In the darkest periods of will Involve the utn modern history, been deemed Innocent operation In counse and legitimate 1'roperty can he paid the governments no^ for: the lives of peaceful and Innocent many, and, as ! n< p.vople cannot be. The present German extension to those j / * ks a re st \ 5SI0N GERMAN! UTE HOSTILITIES UNITED STATES ict aslfpH Cnnorpss tn rprnor ited States and Germany, intinued attacks on Americ \ evidence of the belligerent en tragical character of the step I am taking ; deem my constitutional duty, 1 advise that th ithing less than war against the government has thus been thrust upon it;"and that it^tdl so to exert all its power and employ all its re; i by universal military service. ated by the receipt of a dispatch :tec of the Oriental Navigation Con rew of thirty-nine, sixteen of whon ng Congress to take action on the < heard without delay, even of one c ch with developments at the Capitc he afternoon, however, the House 1 n until nearly (t n rlnrk He was a o'clock, and later to 8:30 o'clock toni / ion of the President's address Conj the act'on by both houses, ign affairs committee had preparec ed States and Germany in readinei e President to carry on war agains nited States an^j the imperial Germa all the power and resources of the r Sows: against commerce I most liberal financial credits, in st mankind. Ithat our resources may so far a 1... !? ?H11 \ All Nations. jthe organization and mobilization . . the material resources of the o all nations. Ameri- to supply the materials of wa en sunk, /American j serve the incidental nee>ds of tl s which if has stir- tion in the most abundant and > f _ lo.ir? ~ most economical and ellieienF wa to learn of, but thejsible. It wilI involve the imn T other neutral and j full equipment of the navy in ; ive been sunk and I cpects, but particularly in supply waters in the same I w'lh the *>cst means of dealing fen no discrimina- |The enemy's submarines. It w a is to all mankind. voIve immediate addition 1 ecide for itself how armed forces of the United Stal he choice we make reatJy provided for by law in c be made with a war at least five hundred tnousan iel and a temperate- who should, in my opinion, be < befitting our char- uP?n the principle of universal li es as a nation. We to service, and also the authorizai eeling away. Our' subsequent additional incremer revenge or the vie- eQua-l force so soon as they m the physical might "ceded and can be handled in tn inly the' vindication involve also, of cours right, of which we granting- of adequate credits to th tiampion. rnment, sustained, I hope, so the Congress on the lhe>' can equitably be sustained 1 st I thought that it Present generation by well con assert our neutral taxation. lawfuMnterferenc^ Financial Protection Neede > our people safe I say sustained so far as may be i appears. isUimp^.c- b,e by taxatlon be<^se it seems bmarines are in ef- that would be most unwise t( used as the German the credits which will now be biT"s "mposslbfe'Hfo Bary entirely money borrow, st their attacks as ol,r 1 most respecfully has assumed that to Protect our people so far as w ' * ? - ne-n.inst the verv serious hardshil i ueiena memseives | . ; , ?... . - or cruisers, visible evi*s which would be likely to upon the open sea I out of tlle inflation which wot nee in such cireurn- Produced by vast loans, tsity indeed, to en- ,n carrying out the measur them before they which these things are to be a ?vn intention. They Pushed we should keep constan upon sight, if dealt ?-ind the wisdom of interfering ; lerman government tie as possible in our own prepa f neutrals to use :>-nd in the equipment of our own the areas of the tary forces with the duty?for i scribed, even in the he a very practical duty?of sup] which no modern the nations already at war with before questioned rnany with the materials which id. The intimation can obtain only from us or by o the armed guards sistance. They areki the field a aced on our mer- should help theirr-fri every way treated as beyond effective there. subject to be dealt I shall take the liberty of su Id he. ing. through the several executi1 s ineffectual enough partments of the Government, f< umstances and in the consideration of your comm ons it is worsc than measures for the accomplishment :ely only to produce several objects 1 have mention to prevent": it is hope that it will be your pleasi o draw us into the deal with them as having been f -he rights or the ef- after very careful thought b 'rents. There is one branch of the Government upon ke. we are incapable the responsibility of conductini notchoose the path war and safeguarding the natioi iffer Die most sacred m0st directly fall ami our people to be vvhi|(1 we dQ th(Jse thin3* fhpse The wrongs agamst ly mom,ntous things, let us be iev ?cute to^the' v?ry clear- and "take very clear to a world what our motives and our o are. My own thought has not . rp-i^ Wot- driven from its habitual and n 5 ' course by the unhappy events c sense of the solemn *ast two months, and I do not b ot.trv tIiat the thought of the nation has ! . l-_. _ altered or clouded by them. I ha it. grave respuiioiuui- acuy uie same tilings in iiiuiu no\ i, but in unhesitating I had in mind when I addresse deem my constltu- !,'?"at? ?" 'he twenty-second of .. . _ uary last; the same that I had in 3 that the Congress when I addressed the Congress c U,^K?Vhr third of February and on the tu ?1 sixth of February. Our object n< lited States - that it then' is to vind'cate the princip status of belligerent "eacc and Justice in the life o thrust upon itf anr1 J '"1'1 as against selfish and auto te steps not only to lower and to set up amongst the more thorough state tree and self-governed peoples c o exert all its power world such a concert of purpose a sources to bring the action as will henceforth insure tl German Empire to servance of those principles, ar. Neutrality is no longer feasible c lvolve is clear. It sirable where the peace of the wo lost practicable co- involved and the freedom of its p -1 and action with a"d the menace to that peace and jv at war with Ger- dom lies in the existence of auto ;ident to that, the governments backed by organized governnienis uf the which is controlled wholly theii . / DNGR ATE f'S UNLAWFUL i AGAINST lize formally that a state an ships and. Americans :y of Germany. lnd of the grave responsibilities which it e Congress declare the recent course of and people of the United States; that te immediate steps not only to put the sources to bring the government of the > from the American consul at ipany. The Aztec, which was n were Americans, crisis between this country and lay. >1 and ready to leave the White leaders notified him they probsked to fix a definite hour, and ght. rress set about carrvinsr out his 1 a resolution declaring that a >s to be acted upon, t Germany on the ground that m government "has been thrust lation to carry on war. order not by the will of their people. We have .s pos- seen the last of neutrality in such cirnvolve cumstances. We are at the beginning of i of all an age in which it will be insisted that ountry the same standards of conduct and of .1* and responsibility for wrong done shall be oble na- served among nations and their govern CI itiu aiivaivo UKti ate V?CTBCI ?CU tllC Hl~ y pos- dividual citizens of civilized states, lediate ill re- No Quarrel With People. ^"vith * have no quarrel with the German ill in- people. We have no feeling towards Les al& them but one of s>'mPath>' an<* friendship, a^e rt was not upon their impulse that jtheir d men, government acted in entering thi$ war. chosen jt was not with their previous knowledge tion of or aPProval. It was a war determined its of upon as wars used to be determined upon -ay he jn old, unhappy days when peoples e^the were nowhere consulted by their rulers e* gov- and wars were provoked and waged in far as the interest of dynasties or of little by the groups of ambitious men who were acceived customed to use their fellow men as pawns and tools. Self-governed nations j do not fill their neighbour states with ' * spies or set the course of intrigue to iquita- hring about some critical posture of affairs wrhich will give them an opporto me tunity to strike and make conquest. > base Sych designs can be successfully worked neces- out only under cover and where no one . has the right to ask questions. Cunningly contrived plans of deception or urge, aggression, carried, it may be, from gene may eration to generation, can be worked out )s and and kept from the light only within the arise privacy of courts or behind the carefulild be ]y guarded confidences of a narrow and privileged class. They are happily imes by possible where public opinion commands cconi- and insists upon full informntinn tly in cerning all the nation's affairs, as lit- A steadfast concert for peace can ration never be maintained except by a partmili nership of democratic nations. No aut will tocratic government could be trusted plying to keep faith within it or observe its t Ger- ' covenants. It must be a league of honthey our, a partnership of opinion. Intrigue ur as- would eat its vitals away: the plottings nd we of inner circles who could plan what to be they would and render account to no one would be a corruption seated at its ggest- very heart. Only free peoples can hold t*e de- their purpose and their honour steady 3r the to a common -end and prefer the interittees, ests of mankind to any narrow interof the est. of their own. ed. I Does not every American feel that ure to assurance has been added to our hope rained for the future peace of the world by y the the wonderful and heartening things which that have been happening within the g the last few weeks in Russia? Russia was n will known by those who knew its best to have *been always in fact democratic deep- at heart, in all the vital habits of h#r very thought, in all the intimate relation11 the ahips of her people that spoke their bjects natural instinct, their habitual attitude been [ toward life. The autocrnrw th:it ornial crowned the summit of her political >f the structure, long- as it had stood and j elieve terrible as was the reality of its power, been was xlot in fact Russian in origin, charge ex- acter or purpose; and now it has been v V* shaken off and the great, generous d the Kussian people have been added in all Jan* their anive majesty and might to the mJ"d forces that are fighting for freedom in > 'n the tj10 for justice, and for peace, renty- Here is a fit partner for a League of ' >w, as Honour. i les of * ] era tic Spies and Intrigues. 1 really Qne Qf t}ie things that has served I ind*of to conv^nce us that the Prussian autoc- * ie ob- racy was not and could never be our j friend is that from the very outset of \ >Fi the present war it has filled our unsus- x rid is 7 . . t soples, pecting communities and ever, our of- r free- flees of government with spies and set r cratic criminal intrigues everywhere afoot t force, against our national unity of counsel, v * will, our peace within and without, our in- t j i v LESS OF \ dustries and our commerce. Indeed, It is now evident that its spies were here even before the war began, and It is unhappily not a matter of conjecture but a fact proved in our courts of justice that the intrigues which have more than -once come periously near to disturbing the peace and dislocating the industries of the country have been carried on at the instigation, with the support, and even under the personal direction of official agents of the imperial government accredited to the government of the JTnited States. Even in checking these tilings and trying to extirpate them we have sought to put the most generous interpretation possible upon them because we knew that their source lay, not in any hostile feeling or purpose of the German people towards us (who were, no doubt, as ignorant of them as we ourselves were), but only In the selfish designs of a government that did what it pleased and told its people nothing. I Rnt they have played their part in j serving- to convince us at last that that government entertains no real friendship for us and means to act against our peace and security at its convenience. That it means to stir up enemies against us at our very doors the Intercepted note to the German minister at Mexico City is eloquent evidence. We are accepting this challenge of ! hostile purpose because we know that ! in such a government, following such methods, we can never have a friend; and that in the presence of its organized power, always lying in wait to accomplish we know not what purpose, there can be no assured security for the i democratic governments of the world. We are now about to acdept gauge of battle with this natural foe to liberty and shall, if necessary, spend the whole force of the nation to check and nullify its pretensions and its power. We are glad, now that we see the facts with no veil of l'aise pretense about them, to fight thus for the ultimate peace of the world and for the liberation of its peoples, the German peoples included; for the rights of nations great and small and the privilege of men, everywhere to choose their way of life and of obedience. The world must be made safe for democracy. Its peace must be planted upon the tested foundations of political liberty. We have no selfish ends to serve. We desire no conquest, no dominion. We seek no indemnities for ourselves, no material compensation for the sacrifices we shall freely make. We are but one of the champions of the rights of mankind. We shall be satisfied when those rights have been made as secure as the faith and the freedom of nations can make them. To Observe Principles of Right. Just because we fight without rancour and without selfish object, seeking nothing for ourselves bht what we ' shall wish to share with all free peoples, we shall. I feel confident, conduct our operations as belligerents without passion and ourselves observe with proud punctilio the principles of right and of fair play we profess to be fighting for. T have said,nothing of the governments allied with the Imperial Government of Germany because they have not made war upon us or challenged us to defend our right and our honor. The Austro-Hungarian Government has, indeed, avowed i its unqualified endorsement and accept- ! ance of the reckless and lawless sub- I marine warfare adopted now without dis guise oy tne imperial German Government, and it has therefore not been possible for this Government to receive Count Tarnowski, the Ambassador recently accredited to this Government by the Imperial and Royal Government of Austria-Hungary: but that Government has not actually engaged in warfare against citizens of the 1'nited States on the seas, and I take the liberty, for the present at least, of postponing a discussion of our relations with the authorities at Vienna. We enter this war only where we are clearly forced into it because there are no other means of defending our rights. Act Without Animus. It will he all the easier for us to Cw..duct ourselves as belligerents in a high spirit of right and fairness because we act without animus, not in enmity towards a people or with the desire to bring any injury or disadvantage upon them, but only in armed opposition to an irresponsible government wfttch has thrown aside all consideration of humanity and of right and is running amuck. We are, let me say agaflt> the sincere friends of the German people, and shall desire nothing so much as the early re-establishnient of intimate relations of mutual advantage between us?however hard it may be for them, for the time being. to believe that this is spoken from our hearts. We have borne with their present government througrh all these bitter months because of that friendship?exercising a patience and forbearance v hieh would otherwise have been impossible. We shall, happily, still have an opportunity to prove that friendship in outdaily attitude and actions towards the millions of men and women of German birth and' native sympathy who live amongst us and share our life, and w*4 shall be proud to prove it towards all wiio are in fact loyal to their neighbours and to the Government in the hour of test. They are, most of them, as true and loyal Americans as if they had never known any other fealty or allegiance. They will be prompt to stand with us in rebuking and restraining the few who may be of a different mind and purpose. If there should be disloyalty, it will be dealt with with a-'firm hand of stem repression: but. if it lifts its head nt all. it will lift it only here and there and without countenance except from a lawless and malignant few. Months of Trial Ahead. It is a distressing and oppressive duty, gentlemen of the Congress, whic h j I have performed in thus addressing I you. There are, it may be, many j months of fiery trial and sacrifice j ahead of us. It is a fearful thing to j lead this great peaceful people inton war, into the most terrible and disas- j trous of all wars, civilization itself j' seeming to be in the balance. But the j< right is more precious than peace, and i ? we shall light for the things which we have hlways carried nearest our hearts, ! ?for democracy, for the right of those < vho submit to,authority to have a voice in their own governments, for the rights and liberties of small nations, for a universal dominion of right by such a concert of free, peoples as shall t :>ring peace and safety to all nations x end make the world itself at last free. To such a task we can dedicate our ives and our fortunes, everything that. 1 ve are and everything that we have, vith the pride of those who know that c hat day 'lis come when America is c jrivileged to spend her blood and her night for thp principles that gave her t >irth and happiness and the peace 1 vhich she hasytreasured. God helping ler, she can do rWbther. c VAR PACtFISTS ATTACK I SENATOR LODGE IN CAPITOLCORRIDOR Blood Spilled in Genera! Fight That Follows, Byt Lawmaker r-~ i_: csuapes injury. SOLON SENDS SMASHING BLOW TO ASSAILANT'S FACE Alexander Bannwart, Who Leads At* taek, Badly Beaten?Later Arrested for Assault. H nuH SEXATOR LODGE. Senator Henry Cabot Lod^fe of Massachusetts was attacked by a small group of pacifists from Dorchester, Mass., in the corridor outside his office at the Capitol today. Blows were struck and blood was spilled, but it was the blood of the pacifists. The chief assailant of Senator Lodge was Alexander Bannwart, a young man, and husky. He later was arrested on a warrant charging him with assault. Senator Lands Smashing Blow. Senator "Lodge received a blow which bruised his face slightly, and he himself ^ent a smashing blow into Bnnnwart's face, which knocked him back, Bannwart struck at the senator again, and Senator Lodge was forced back against the wall, the other pacifists joining in the fight, which then became general. 'Senator Lodge's clerks rushed out of his office to his defense, and David B. Herman of 431* 20th street, an employe of the Western Union, waded into Bannwart. There was a free for all light for a few seconds, during which Bannwart was pretty badly beaten up. Ward Davies. secretary of the chamber of commerce at Casa Grande. Ariz., also mixed in the fray and planted a fist In Bannwart's eye before he himself was knocked down in the general rush. Davies Kind that he was passing: along: the corridor when he saw Hannwart strike Senator Lodge. "It's a lucky thingr I didn't have my grin with me." sa 1 Da vies, "or it would have been a case for the undertaker." Bannwart's followers who took part 1n the tight disappeared before the police arrived and took Hannwart.,to the guardroom of the Capitol. Called at Senator's Office. The pacifists gathered outside of Senator Hodge's office about 11 o'clock this morning. Three cards were sent In, including that of Hannwart, and those of Rev. Paul Harris Drake, pastor of Christ Church, Dorchester. Mass.. and Mrs. Anna May Peabody of 13 Hilllard street, Boston. Alexander Bannwart's card bore the address 33S Washington street, Boston. It is Senator Lodge's custom, when a large party calls on him. to go into the corridor to see them, owing to the fact that his office is small, and he followed this custom today. The pacifists asked the attitude of Senator Hodge on the international situation. J-Ie replied that if the President should ask for a declaration of war, he would vote for one. Hannwart did most of the talking for the pacifists. He remonstrated with Senator Hodge and said that his constituents were opposed to war. Senator Lodge said he differed with the pacifists in that connection. The pacifists declared that war was cowardly. "National degeneracy and cowardice a.re worse than war," Senator Lodge anawered. "1 regret that'I cannot agree with your position, but I must do my iuty as I see it." Senator Lodge, determining to close tho interview, was backing- toward :he door of his office. Short and Ugly Term Used. Bannwart. after the fight, declared hat at this moment Senator .Lodge emarked: "Any one who is a pacifist at a time ike this is a coward/ To this Bannwart retorted: "Any me thai wants to go to war is a toward." - _ Senator Lodge denies this conversation and says that Bannwart called lirn a coward. "You are a liar," the senator tan kUntly responded. ate? pin* U# (ft J . * V .