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WEATHER. Fair tonight and tomorrow; tem perature tonight slightly above freea ^Temperature for twenty-four hoars ending at 2 p.m. today:' Highest, 54. at 2 p.m. today; lowest, 39, at S a-tn. today. Full report on page 15. CLOSING raw YORK STOCKS PAGE IS. ? No. 26,998. ii - ? ? WASHINGTON, D. C., MONDAY, MABCH 25, 1918?TWENTY PAGES. AD rights ft paWeetlee of apeetal herein are alao reaeraed. TWO CENTS. BRITISH HURL HUNS BACK AT BAPAUME; FRENCH AID ENGLISH IN NOYON BATTLE; BOCHE GREAT GUN AGAIN BOMBS PARIS FRANCE PITCHES FORCES INTO BATTLE; REPULSE THRUSTS ON ALLY'S LINES Combined Armies Holding Fast as Enemy On slaught to Break Through Fails?Force Way Across River at Brie. Fiance has thrown the weight of her forces into the great battle raging with unexampled intensity on the western front, and the British and French armies are now battling together against the onslaught of the common enemy in his desperate attempt to break through the allied line. The British armies are holding fast along the line of the Somme anil also in the region north of Bapaume, Field Marshal Haig reports today. The Germans, in their thrusts in the latter section, reached the British trenches at only one point, and there they were immedi ately ejected. Their assaults elsewhere were smothered by the Brit ish fire with great losses to the enemy. On the Somme line bodies of German troops which had succeeded in forcing their way across the river between Licourt and Brie, south of Peronnf, were driven back to the easterly bank. On both sides of the Bapaume the German attacks were resumed today. The greatest danger point at present seems to be farther south, where the Germans apparently have driven through the great width of the region they devastated in retiring in 1917, as the Paris state ment today reports heavy fighting in the region of Noyon. _ This town ilfclf is some ten miles to the west of Chauny, in the region of which Berlin yesterday reported the repulse, of Franco-American re serves, but the German advance probably has been met considerably The wedge driven fffto t?e*allied Use is evidently a deep one, however, as the French troops are reported by Paris to be contest* lag for the heights to the north of the Oise with important German forces. The Oise on this part of the front runs southwest past Chauny and palm to the south of Noyon. Allies Begin Counter Thrust; Barrage Fire Halts Drive By the hamrimtfA Press. LONDON, March 25.?The British this morning were counter attacking between Nesle and Ham, Reuter's correspondent at British headquarters reports. The French also were in action. North of Bapaume, he states, the Germans were attacking in con siderable force at dawn, but did not get through the British barrage. The Germans, says the correspondent, are relying upon sheer weight of numbers in their heavy attacks on the British lines, reliev ing their tired troops by fresh divisions, which press forward without waiting for artillery support. The enemy all day yesterday and through the moonlight last night kept up his hammering of the British positions, the message states, jthe British troops resisting with valiant stubbornness. The Germans are employing many small bodies of Uhlans, mainly as scouting patrols, it is added. The spearhead of the German effort is still directed against the old Somme battleground. The British troops have been falling back slowly upon new positions under tremendous pressure, destroying everything which might be useful to the Germans. Hostile airmen were active throughout the night, bombing the British communications, but showing little inclination to compete with our flying men after daylight -came. American Engineers Aid in Driving Boches Back By tte Associated Press. BRITISH ARMY HEADQUARTERS .IN FRANCE, March 25.?A further advance late yesterday by the Germans at some points along the battle front is recorded. American engineers have again been in the throes of fierce con flict, in which they have done excellent work in transportation. The presence of the American engineers on the battle front has long been known. They were praised highly for their gallantry in the battle of Cambrai last fall. Early this morning the Germans again hurled great numbers of infantry against the British line near Ervillers, but at the latest re ports the onrushing troops had been unable to force their way through the intense artillery barrage which the British maintained. A heavy battle also has been proceeding today on the British right flank, where the enemy had succeeded in forcing his way across the Somme and the canal south of Ham. The allies were delivering counter attacks with the purpose of pushing back the invaders across the waterway. There seems small doubt that the German attacking troops are dog-weary, fighting under great strain; but this is mentioned merely as an interesting sidelight, and not for the purpose of sounding a note of optimism. Harder fighting than has yet occurred undoubtedly will follow. The British have been fighting with traditional stubbornness, and at many points they have held the Germans back timf after time although themselves greatly outnumbered. Throughout the night there was fierce fighting north of w?p?n*n?, along the Bapaume-Arras road, but except that Mory again changed hands, the defenders held their own gallantly. The Germans have been pushing forward by sheer weight of numbers with the assistance of little artillery. In Jhe region between Bapaume and Peronne die British feQ back agaiiveomewhat in the fighting late Sunday. This ""H the ruccess of die enemy, whose progress is being contested bitterly step L-t. - * , ?? Hun Supergutt Again Bombs French Capital Monster Creation Hurls Shells on Paris, But Fails to Stir Parisians. By tie Associated Press. PARIS. Uarek 25 Anctkfr tlr raid alarm was aoHdeal ahortly after 1 o'rleek this moralag. After three-qaartrra of aa tour firemen's bnglea aad ckixvk feelb aaaonneH ,fcat all waa clear and the Parialaaa were able to retnra to tk?lr Ma. PARIS, March 25.?The long range bombardment of Paris was resumed at 6:30 o'clock this morning, but was interrupted after the second shot. After a brief interval two more shots were fired. The bombard ment was again suspended at 9:10 o'clock. As was the case yesterday, the people did not take to shelter. Cellars which were filled on Sat urday remained empty this morn ing. Little interest was shown in the bombardment. Twenty-faur shells reached Paris on Saturday and twenty-s<>T?n yesterday. Tbo intervaf between Shifts tWls re duced from ftffecrr or twenty minutes on Saturday t, an ?*???? minutes yesterday. On two occasion* then was an inter-' val of. only one or t?o minutes. Shells fell at 9:15 and 9:1S o'clock and at 9:45 aBd This was accepted as WW? ell ^?e0rT tS,t " 'eMt *?? m2l*i !S?Vf of the 3heIlB 18 estl mated at ten minutes at the least the nVa?|em?~V<5KSf<itat 130 ml,es. and' tl)e raHes >?el*ht attained at fifteen the?flnitaiw '.I*7 were awakened by to?tpeople were brought t. windows toy the' rattling of J?*"- Policemen circulated throunh f?f ? <,narter of the city, introducing MnJUIJ#tem 0 alarm- Which is dis tinguished from the alarm in the case of air raids. The police came in for a great amount of chaffing, the people being greatly amused at their lack of !he drumstick, lntere? T ih. ?.m?_rkJ thelr limit of interest in the bombardment. Work An^?hlS,J,n under normal conditions. All the transportation line* -1.. . oing. The streets were fun whose sole subject of conversatJo^t?.. the new battle of the SobE^^Lk generally compared Wit?"^a*hlCh 18 Parisians Calm Under Pfcre. PARIS, March 24.?The German -mon ster cannon," Which has been bombard ing Paris, has been located in the forest of St. Gobaia. west of Laon. and ex W3 kilometers (approximately seyenty-rtx miles) from the Paris cty The gun bombarded Par la during the greater part of Sunday. The day was ushered by loud explosions from th. ten-inch shells, and immediately \hl alarm to take cover was soundedf This occurred at 6:55 o'clock and many Der 0sf?"Kht shelter, but greatt?^ ? kI? them appeared in the streets on "?*ir ?ay to the churches, whi? werS t'^55t a1 well filled as usual. The women who sell palm leaves on Patm Sundays did their usual thriving busl For the benefit of that portion of th. which had been led to believe I f,*i ^erman* had broken through the , line and were bombardinir Pari* fmm | nearby positions a MmUoSSi" not? ) was issued during the day Thev jpea-"mi.uce reports. againSt French Front Intact. "The French front is intact." said the a?lte - "Any !L*sertion to the contrary is The bombardment of the capital end ed around 1 o'clock and as late as 3 o clock no explosions had been heard Tor more than an hour. The "clear" signal was sounded at S:J0 o'clock I During the early hour. ?e fil ing traffic in *k? the mom .1, ? -i n the streets of Pari* ar>? ' shut down or curtailed w V.7 ! both the 'subways ai* . before noon | Kan running again in | the streets of the" city Ik? afj<rnoon animation. During the great bers of persons unable to iJ rere num ! of transport to take tLm '? tinations walked ?n their den ' might ^pWSi5S?^Kn??t tha? Seek Befug* in Subways. a~U"unTda' .;^e" n ?bef^sW3,,, t? wa? ?d?Tbht 8helt'r "> ??.. sub! *nd ,n basements of houses. The government has d cided that In as of a bombardment b* means, differing from the am? Ings sent out in cases of ^K ."?* Drums will be beaten a? r*'d? will sound whistles. The public service a. the im.. ?- .v subways, the tramways ,n 'he mobile buses will iv?nn^? the aqto "rated normally.11 J?*" <?P to be known as warning warnln* Is sr^aLy S^v.! CRUSH GERMAN LINE WITH HUGE LOSS AS HUNS CROSS SOMME English Drive Back Enemy to East Bank With Staggering Fire at Peronne. BATTLE CONTINUES ON ENTIRE WESTERN FRONT Fresh Hostile Attacks Develop With Great Violence, But Teutons Suc ceed in Beaching Trenches at Only One Point. LONDON, March 25.?Fresh attacks by the Germans have de veloped northward and southward of Bapaume, the war office an nounces. The British repulsed powerful attacks yesterday afternoon north ward of Bapaume. The British drove back to the eastern bank of the Somme bodies of German troops which had crossed the river between Licourt and Brie, south of Peronne. I'he statement follows: "The battle continues with great tti&MUce on the whole front. Powerful iLttlcks delivered by the enemy yes terday afternoon and evening north of Bai aurae were heavily repulsed. "Only at one point did the German infoatry reach our trenches, whence they were immediately thrown out. Elsewhere the enemy's attacks were ?topped by rifle, machine gun and artil lery fire in front of our positions and his troops were driven back with great loss. "During the night 'and this morning fresh hostile attacks have again de veloped in this neighborhood and also to the south of Bapaume, "South of Peronne bodies of Germaji troops who had crossed the river be tween Licourt and Brie were driven back to the east bank by our counter attacks.*' The British in their retreat defend ed every hill, ridgre and fortification with the greatest stubbornness, mes sages from German war correspondents on the western front say, according to a Central News dispatch from Amsterdam. The British artillery, it is added, splendidly sacrificed itself in covering the retreat, the batteries only breaking up when the German storm ing troops arrived within a few hun dred yards of the positions. The British gunners then fired their last ammunition and retired. German Official Statement. BERLIN, March 25. British Admiralty, per Wireless Press?The Germans are ' now standing to the north of the Somme. in the middle of the former Somme battlefield, says today's official statement. Bapaume was captured in night fighting. In the evening Nesle was taken by storm, the statement adds. British, Americans and French were thrown back through a pathless wooded country. Violent fighting developed for posses sion of Combles and the heights west of the town. The enemy was defeated, the statement says. More than 45,000 prisoners and more than 600 guns have been captured, the statement says. Guiscard and Chauny were captured in the evening. Bapaume is on the northern part of the battlefront, where the British line for the most part has been held. It is one of the larger towns on the fighting front, from which a number of roads radiate. The official German statement on Sunday night said a gigantic strug gle was taking place for the town. It is thirteen miles below Arras. Kaiser Visits Battle Front. LONDON, Mar^h 25.?Emperor Wil liam and Field Marshal von Hinden burg visited Peronne Sunday evening, according to Berlin advices for v-.rded from Amsterdam by Exchange Teie ? graph. j The German losses in the battle at Bapaume are described as "compara I tively heavy." ilTALYWfOFACE GERMANJFFENSIVE? A formidable Austro-German offensive In Italy as soon as natural conditions permit is forecast in official dispatches from Rome today, which say Austrian divisions continue to arrive without in terruption and are taking up positions on the front. Austro-German artillery ls receiving reinforcements daily, the dispatches say, while new aviation camps and additional ammunition de posits are observed to be under con struction. The opinion prevails In military circles at Rome that the German offensive will break with extremp violence in two great actions, namely on the Franco British front, follnw.d by an immpdf 9 te Austro-German offensive on the Italian front. Germany has sent fresh contingents of machine gunners to the Italian front, together with several aerial squardrons. Reports from Innsbruck. Austria, say Qua. Boreevtc and Conrad have j"st returned to the headquarters of the supreme command after an Inspection il (Am Trtntino pmatiooi* ? : GERMAN BELIEF IN BRITISH INFERIORITY DIRECTS DRIVE Selection of Point of Attack Based on Hin denburg's Stronger Position and Superior Lines of Communication. By FRANK H. SIMONDS, Copyright, 191S, by" the McClure Newspaper Syndicate. Such reports as have yet come through df the first twenty-four hours of the German oifensiv? Jgptish front suggest the similar period before Verdun two years ago, when the Germans, despite incidental infantry operations, confined their real attention to artillery preparation. It was not until the next day, February 22, that the real infantry drive began, and once it had begun it was not until February 26, when the French were in their last line, that it was checked. Present Attack Expected. The present German attack baa been directed against precisely those sectors in which the British were expecting to be attacked, and the offensive has come with real punctuality, both with re gard to the rccent German time table and to late allied expectation. For the first time the Germans have paid little regard to secrecy, for plainly we have here no such surprise as won the bat tle of the Dunajec and almost sufficed to carry the Germans into Verdun, at one bound. The reason is simple: Given allied strength in the air, British strength in this case, the enemy can have no real secrets, least of all in a matter requiring such obvious and enormous preparations as a major of | fensive. Now the first question that will be asked is why the Germans attacked the British and not the French? Before attempting to answer it, tht precau . tionary statement should be made that Ian attack upon the French is still to ! be expected "and is expected by the : French on the Rheims front, where the stillest sort of artillery firing has been going on for many months. Believe British Inferior. The Germans have chosen to attack the British because they have long believed and frequently asserted that the British army is tactically inferior to their ovn?that is, that the volun teer forces of Britain, led in the main by officers coming from civil life, are ? no match for German armies led by i j>rofessional soldiers, for whom war is a trade. This disparity between the two armies does not show, or even exist, in trench warfare, as the Ger | mans readily concede, but they believe j | that if the fighting ever returned to the open theii superiority in maneu- j l vering would give them the decisive j | advantage and lead to a real victory. { On the other hand, the Marne j "GERMAN LOSS: 100,000 A DAY" Members of the allied military missions said j today that in the nature ! of the fighting on the ! west front the Germans j must be losing at least 100,000 men a day. They made this deduction from the Germans' plan of massed attack, the number of troops they are employing and the strength of the allied re sistance. The allied losses, it was declared, would be far less than those of the Germans, because they ar e fighting on the defensive. demonstrated that the Germans pos sessed no sueh advantage as they claim over the British, and the German has therefore, in his later military comment, forecast victories over the British rather than the French. In support of these forecasts he has ad duced the records of British failures at Neuve Chape He, Loose, and more re cently at Cambrai, where supreme op portunities were missed by bad staff work. Seeks Fight in Open. We may say, then, that the present attack upon the British is predicated upon the German conviction that, if he can pierce the British line and drive the British into the open he will be a^le to win a far more considerable success than would be possible, should he win. a similar success in his first attacks upon the French. In addition, tj>e experience of Verdun is a strong argument against the^likelihood of win ning even the preliminary success which would break the trench deadlock. The next question is: Why have the Germans selected the front between the Scarpe and th Oise for their main at tack. granting that what we are now seeing is. in fact, the opening of the grand assault? The answer is clear. On the front where the German is at tacking, his lines of communication are best and the lines of communication and the defensive positions of his enemy are poorest. The reason for these con ditions is. found in the fact that the British, between the valley of the Scarpe and of the Oise, between Cro? silles and the environs of La Fere, are occupying ground taken during the great retreat of last year, while behind them lies the desert created by the Ger mans when they withdrew after the battle of the Somme. Positions of Two Forces. Elsewhere along the whole British front from the sea to the Oise the Brit ish occupy the high ground won in the battles of the four earlier campaigns, won j chiefly in the battles of Arras and of third i Ypres last year. But between the Scarpe valley and the Oise the Germans are in positions which they selected and pre pared before they began their retreat, and the British are holding the ground their foes expected them to hold. Only ' south of Cambrai has there been any ? real change in the front since the end j of the German retreat, just a year a#o, and here it is slight, for the British lost most of all they temporarily oc cupied in the unlucky battle of Cam brai last autumn. Thus on the sectors which are now active the Germans possess the hiph ? ground best suited for observation, the gun positions, which they selected more than a year ago, and in their immedi ate rear are several great trunk line f railroads coming down out of Belgium and crossed by admirable lateral lines. As bases for the great offensive the Cambrai and St. Quentin regions con tain all that the enemy could desire, both in the matter of the road and of railway resource*. British Are Handicapped. The British, on the other hand, have behind them only the roads and rail ways which they have constructed since the great German retreat from the Somme, during which every road, bridge, railway line was wiped out systematically. Unquestionably the British have accomplished much in re construction the last year, but certain ly their communications are not as good here as they are to the north, back of Arras or Ypres. where they' have had two years to get them in shape. In any event the British communications are not as good as the German between Cambrai and St. Quentin. In addition, if .the Germans break the British lines between the Scarpe val ley and St. Quentin they will enter that devastated sone of the retreat of last J DRIVE BY GERMANS CAUSES NO WORRY TO U. S. OFFICIALS Absence of Pessimism Evident at the White House gng War Department ARMY MEN NOW BELIEVE APEX HAS BEEN REACHED Militarists Fail to See Advantage to Germany in Effort Unless It Is to Boost Morale of Enemy Troops. Absence of pemimian was eridett to day st the White House mud War De partment about the outcome of Ger many's massed drive. Intense interest in press^ reports dis played by President Wilson himself in dicated that official information was meager. The Associated Press dis patches were transmitted to him last evening. Army officers do sot share the anxiety of some civilians about the outcome of the drive. One who is in closest touch with the meager offi cial reports, as well as news dispatches, pointed out today that there Is every reason to believe the ermana havGe penetrated as far as they are likely to and that they are not as near Paris as they were in 1914. Either side could do what the Ger mans have done, one officer explained, if it were willing to pay the price. The British were more successful in their Cambrai offensive, and the French sought the same sort of effect in April of last year in the Champagne drive, though they did not pursue that effort long, because It was soon seen that the losses would be too great. i The theory of the German offensive, it I was explained, develops nothing new, in that it simply masses troops against one portion of a line which the defense mu3t maintain along its whole course, and naturally the point attacked must recede' at the initial impact. But with out a break, of which there is no indi cation. there is the certainty of a coun ter attack, from more- strongly forti fied positions in the rear lines of the defense, and the ensuing losses are likely to prove costly. In this case the gain of a few miles is especially negli gible, it was asserted, because it is made in territory of no military value which has been fought over for many months. The theory advanced this morning by American Army officers that the Ger man drive bad reached its apex and a counter attack was impending, was! justified a few hours later by the news that the British had begun their counter attack. It is considered probable that the British and French themselves are less stirred by the drive -than Americans, to whom this first seeming reverse since the active participation of Amer ican troops came as a new experi ence, whereas the British and French have become accustomed to the oper ation of similar maneuvers. Fail to See Reasons. Officers are at a loss to know the military reasons for the German effort, but its blatant press agent featuring leads to the belief that it was made with a view to strengthening the Ger man morale arid for adverse effects on the American state of mind. If the latter aim was in the Teuton mind the general impression is that the Germans misjudged the psychology of the Amer ican people as badly as -they did that of the Italians, when they hoped to disintegrate the Italian morale as they did that of the Russians, but only succeeded in cementing the Italian re sistance to a point where that nation now is holding her own effectively, and promises to be a genuine long run as set tp the allies. Instead of discouraging the United States it was indicated that even in the first hours of pessimism the Germans tCantlmmrt an gsnaH Sag,. - * ? ' U. S. BIG GUNS AT TOUL KEEP UP FIRE ON HUNTRENCHES Photographs Taken in Air planes Show Damage Done by American Artillery. GERMANS' GAS ATTACK CONTINUES THIRD DAY Letter From Berlin Found on Plte* oner?Distingniihed Service Croat el for Nine IT, S. Soldier*. . By the AMorlated Prot. WITH THE AMERICAN ABUT Df FRANCE, March 25.?On the Tool front there was considerable artillery activity doing the night. American gona 1 shelled tbs German front-lino Enemy batteries replied, using gas shells. letter photographs vera taken from airplane* of the ilsiane in flicted by the Americans. The lieutenant who, as previously re corded. took a prisoner in a lislealt post in the Tool sector, is from Charles ton, a C. He and all the men in the patrol have been given ten days' leave in recognition of their services. "wrna' the ^aicerican armt V FRANCE, Sunday March !t-i artillery on the Tool sector today to shell effectively enemy IIbs and communication town of St. Baussant an dumps north of Boqu the American shells have fallen lib tte German trenches, aad the lines In at least one place have virtually abandoned. One American patrol freely < this point in the enemy line slllwil molests ttos m night and tu? mmm la?U anil wsaalnsd there several it?* There have Itia ri or1**** the iaCastry during the last Third Day of Qaa Attack. Fto the third suoi'ieselTu day 1 | artfllery today bombarded heavily vttk s shalla a certain town wlthte fks American lines. Today's bomhaetaaat was made in two periods, each a half hour in length. Many gas shells ast a few high explosive sheila fell ea the American positions. An enemy au p.ane early this BSM teg cot off Its engines at a great height over the American lines north westef Tool and planed down. When close to the ground it dropped a quantity of bombs. Some were of a new variety, which explode In midair with a bluish - red flash and give off a cloud at mse ta rd gas. Being heavier than the air. the mustard gas quickly deseisM toward some of our battery posttlnM and road. After the machine disappeared the German gas shell bombardment begaa. Another enemy airplane hovered over the town while the bombardment ?th gas shells was in progress. The weather was especially siillshls today for aerial work aad the Germaae took advantage of It. On one portion of the sector fourteen enemy ai " LIU?ia between noon aad six arc the evening while four friendly am over the American lines In the period. One group of seven enemy sea chine?. apparently on a bombing ex pedition. was discovered at midnight and driven off by the rapid flro of American anti-aircraft guns. Iietter From Berlin Found. . An American patrol has brought. 11 quantities of valuable papers from the bodies of Ave Germans killed in a shell | hole by American artillery lire a fair 'days ago. Among the papers taken from an elderly soldier was a letter from his daughter in Berlin saying: "We are being told now that psaee will surely come in July or August. Everybody was highly elated when the news of the Russian peace was recetv4 ed." The entire American front, from gen* erals to privates, eagerly awaita news | from the British front. All are con i fident that the Germans eventually will be defeated severely, even if they should strike hard at the outset. The German offensive is the sole topio of I discussion on the American sectdr. Official communications are eaught-ty wireless operators and newspapers are circulating rapidly along the front. , Thrilling Experience for Patrol, Bj the Anorttri Pres. WITH THE AMERICAN ARMT IX FRANCE. Saturday. March 21?'The experiences of a patrol of four Ameri cans. who, after crawling nearly a mile, surprised a German listening post and brought back a prisoner, were quite thrilling. The patrol was Itt command of a lieutenant. The lieu tenant jumped on the German, who was so deeply engrossed in his duties of listening that he had not heard, the approach of the Americans, while the others of the patrol went into the post. The lieutenant and the German rolled Into a trench fill'd with three feet of ?.rar Ji. second German attempted To shoot the lieutenant, but an Amertaaa corporal drove his bayonet through him. ^ The patrol brought their prlsmsr back over the route they had taken to the post and when he came to describe his capture the German said woadsr lngly: "The first thing I knew a Mr American was on top of my threat, and next I was being hauled aesM* no man's land." Get News From Prisoner. ... The intelligence offloer* gleaned (raw the prisoner that his comrades in arqpL were inclined to regard the Americans as good soldiers, whp were flgkttng esk thuslastlcally. as they entered the WJW later. The food supplied to the German! soldiers was poor, he Siid. and I"" morale was for the most part bad. division came to this front from S) wtna. "SSS Airplanes, with Americans at the; guns, took part in a number of on-. gTg?~"". today aad numerous German A