Evening star. [volume], September 27, 1918, Image 1

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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KBP
WEATHER.
Pair, continued cool tonight, prob
ably light frost; tomorrow fair.
Temperature for twenty-four hour?
ending 2 p.m. today: Highest, 74. at S
p.m. yesterday; lowest, 45, at C:?0 a-m.
today. ?
Full report on page 21.
191,691
WASHINGTON, D. CL,
ALLIES REFUSE TO LET UP IN
GREAT MACEDONIAN DRIVE
AS FOE DELEGATES ARE HEARD
_ i j
Premier Malinoff Acts, Unsup
ported by King?Revolu
tion Is Believed On,
MILITARY MEASURES TAKEN TO
SUPPORT FRONT, SAYS BERLIN
My the Associated Press.
PARIS, September 27.?Gen. Franchet d'Esperey,
commanding the allied armies in Macedonia, has tele
graphed to the French government that a high Bulgarian
officer has presented himself in behalf of Gen. Torodow,
commanding the Bulgarian army, asking the suspension
of arms for forty-eight hours to permit the arrival of two
authorized delegates from the Bulgarian government.
The minister of finance, Liiptcheff, and Gen. LoukofF,
commanding the Bulgarian 2d Army, are on their way
to the French headquarters with the assent of King Ferdi
nand to arrange the conditions of the armistice and,
eventually, the terms of peace.
By the Associated Fresa.
PARIS^^eptember 27.?The French comma'ttder-in-chief in
Macedonia officially reports today that the Bulgarians havihaiked
for a meeting to arrange the conditions of an armistice and
eventual peace. . ^ t .
The French commander replied, refusing to suspehd thfc
operations, bu A saying' he would rfteive duly qualified delegates
of the Bulgaria# government.
j PREMIER UNSUPPORTED BY KING.
' LONDON, September 27.?Premier Malinoff of Bulgaria has
made an offer of an armistice to the allies, according to a Berlin
message transmitted by the Exchange Telegraph correspondent
at Copenhagen. The message states that the premier's offer was
made without the support of other members of the cabinet or of
King Ferdinand.
The Berlin message says that Malinoff's offer has created
great dissatisfaction in Bulgaria and |hat strong military meas
ures have been taken to support the Bulgarian front.
According to statements from Sofia by way of Jas$y,...it is
added, a counter movement against the action of the premier has
already been set on foot. (This would seem to indicate that a
revolution is in progress in Bulgaria.) - -
The news of the Bulgarian developments, including the offer
of an armistice, the Copenhagen correspondent states, was from
German official sources. ? ? -
AMSTERDAM, September 27.?The Bulgarian premier's
offer of an armistice was made to the leader of the entente troops
operating against Bulgaria, according to a Berlin message re
ceived here.
England Gets Armistice Flea.
LONDON, September 27.?The Brit
ish government today received from an
official authorized source an application
from Bulgaria tfir .an anpistice. Ger
many intends to send a solemn protest
to Bulgaria ngainst Premier Malinoff's
request for an armistice. aocordlng to
Berlin reports received in Amsterdam
and forwarded bv the Exchange Tele
graph Company.
The Berlin dispatches say that the
premier's act "is a single-handed move
without the consent of King Ferdi
nand." Germans demand that Mali
noff be dismissed immediately and
court-martialed for high treason.
It is believed that the premier's act
*aa the result of Germany's refusal
to send sufficient reinforcements to
Bulgaria. The situation in Bulgaria
is causing extreme excitement In Ger
many.
Turks May Seek Peace.
T.AUPANNE, Switzerland. September
r<5 (Havas>.?Public irritation in Con
rlantinople has become so great, ac
cording to a dispatch from the Turk
ish capital to the Lausanne Gazette,
that rumors are again spreading that
the Ot loir an government will seek a
separate peace.
The sultan himself, the message
says, would favor a separate peace
if he could obtain favorable condi
tions from the entente powers.
Romanians Resisting Germans.
ROME. September 26 (Havas).?The
situation in Rumania, according to
information received here, has be
come alarming for the central powers.
The Rumanian peasants, made en
thusiastic by the victories of the
entente countries, are beginning to
resist openly the German and Austro
Hungarian military.
Local revolts have occurred at a
number of places and the Rumanian
government has sent agents to Berlin
and Vienna to obtain a mitigation of
'he Austro-Hungarian rule. The Ru
manian government is reported to
hare pointed out that if Its request
is rejected It will be unable, to guar
antee the maintenance of order or
avoid the eventualities of a san
guinary crisis.
Coup D'Etat Possible.
The above messages give the first in
dication of any move made by Bulgaria
to approach her enemies with concilia
tory proposals. The messages in their
bare ouUines would seem to indicate
that, the premier had taken matters into
bis own hands and attempted to initiate
a peace move for Bulgaria independent
of the dynasty.
A move so made might ordinarily b^
considered in a broad way to amount to
a revolutionary act, and possibly points
to the execution of a coup d'etat in
Sofia.
The indications in the news from Bul
garia recently have been that the coun
try was in a somewhat disorganised
state, with widespread discontent mani
fest over the prolongation of the war,
in the further prosecution of which the
Bulgarian people were able to see little
advantage to them. There' can be no
doubt that the successful offensive of
the allies now in progress in Macedonia
bas accentuated this tendency.
It is known that M. Halinoc, who
took the premiership in June last,
WM friendly to the entente in the
earlier stages of the war, before Bul
garia's entrance, and there have not
been wanting predictions that he
might in some way seek to use his
influence toward extricating Bul
garia from the unenviable position
which she would occupy in the event
of a German defeat in the war, which
doubtless appears to him to be im
pending.
Bag Hot Above Suspicion.
King Ferdinand himself has not
been above the suspicion of enter
taining a like desire, although
nominally he has been l<jyal to his
Teutonic allies in act and utterance.
In this connection the wording of
the Bulgarian reply to the Austrian
peace note, with the readiness it ex
pressed to accept President Wilson's
principles for the settlement of the
war. was held not to be without
significance.
It will be noted that tne news of the
Bulgarian act comes from German
(Continued on Second Page.)
PLEA OF BULGARIA
VIEWEDTWO WAYS
Military Experts Think She Is
Whipped?Some See Teu
tonic Peace Phase.
FAVORS DICTATED TERMS
The Bulgarian plea for an armistice
on the Macedonian front, pending
peace conferences, is viewed here with
mixed sensations, though nowhere is
doubt felt that the invasion of Bul
garia by the victorious allied armies
marks the beginning of the end of
that country's career as an active ally
of Germany.
Believe Offer Is Direct.
In military quarters the belief is
expressed that Bulgaria is whipped
and ready to quit, and that the peace
proposal came from the army and
Premier Malinoff without th? knowl
edge or consent of the German-con
trolled court, as stated in the press
i dispatches through Berlin which
brought the first news of the develop
ment. ' ?
The very fact that the German mili
tary authorities permitted the dis
patches to go through is held to prove
this and it is suggested that the sit
uation must be po grave from the
Teutonic standpoint that it was real
tie information would be futile.
went offii^^^^kbe'^troogiy kioifrted
to suspeet another phase of the gen
eral Teutonic peace offensive, and this
idea vas not dissipated-even by the
official announcement from Paris that
the French commander-in-chief in
Macedonia had reported the Bulgarian
?request and his reply that he would
receive duly qualified delegates of the
Bulgarian government without cessa
tion of hostilities.
Any ?crt of peace conference with
the Bulgarians, short of the dictation
and acceptance of terms from the al
lied military commander, would be
quite as objectionable to the allies as
the unbinding conference recently
proposed by Austria.
The State Department is without
information on the reported peace of
fer, and as the United States is not at
war with, Bulgaria the matter will
probably not come before this coun
try unless it should be referred here
by one of the allied countries.
MIMA SEIZED
HIM WIS
LONDON, September 27.?
The British forces on the Mace
donian front have captured the
Bulgarian city of Strumnitza.
Announcement of the capture was
officially made this afternoon. The text
of the statement reads: British troops
preceded by yeomanry entered Strum
nitza yesterday morning, while Anglo
Greek troops stormed the heights of
the Belaschnitza mountains north of
Lake Doiran. The British have taken
more than thirty guns and much am
munition. I
PRESIDENT IN NEW YORK
TO OPEN LOAN CAMPAIGN
MJSW YORK, September 27.?Presi
dent Wilson arrived here early this
afternoon. He is to open the liberty
loan, campaign with an address to
night at the Metropolitan Opera
House.
President Wilson left Washington
at 8 o'clock this morning for New
Tork, where he Is to deliver a speech
tonight, opening the liberty loan cam
paign and also, it is expected, dealing
with the war situation. The President
wiU l.eave New Tork tomorrow to re
tarn to the capital.
The President was accompanied by
Mrs. Wilson, Mrs. W. H. Boiling, Miss
Boffins, CoL and Mrs. E. T. Brown.
Secretary Tumulty and Rear Admiral
Cary T. Grayson.
eOMFEBS INVITES FBEffCH.
PARIS, September 17.?Samuel
Gompecg, president of the American
Federation of Labor, who is visiting
this city, has invited tlje French Con
federation of Labor to send delegates
to the national conference of the
American federation, it is announced
here. American delegates will be
present at the next conference of the
confederation. \
Seventeen Thousand Cap
sules to Designate Serial
Numbers.
BOWL USED AT FIRST
DRAWING TO SERVE
ladle and Frame Hade From Ha
V *
turn's Revered Historical '
Belice. ?'
Monday, September 30. was .set by
Provost Marshal General Crowder to
day as the dite for the national draft
lottery to determine the order of call
of the thirteen million men from
eighteen to forty-five who registered
for selective servioe September 18.
Although this drawing will give to
every man who registered an order
number, registrants will be called in
accordance with their order, numbers
within their respective classes, as
shown by the classification list, and
within the ages from time ? to time
prescribed by the President as imme
diately liable to be called for classifi
cation and for military service.
Drawing to Be Public.
The drawing will take place pub
licly at the "Senate office building*
beginning at noon,, and "the numbers
will be giyen to the-press,.and the
country by district beacds as quickly
mall. -
b* ' necessary
numbers, which it is expected trill
require approximately > twertty-Six
hours to complete the task.
Gen. Crowder's Statement.
Gen. Cro-wder said, in announcing
the date: . "
"Fortunately for the historical as
pects of the drawing, we hive1 been
able to secure for the occasion the
same glaps bowl that was ?used at
the first drawing of July 20, -lsij. This
bowl, the property of Cant Charjee
R. Morris of this office, wai. presented,
by him after the first lottery to In
dependence Hall, in Philadelphia. The
custodian of Independence Hall has
contributed for the occasion & wooden
ladle made front the original rafters
of Independence Hall. Around the
edges of the table upoa which the
bowl will stand will be.a:wooden
frame made from- the timber; of the
old frigate Constitution.
"The officers and enlisted Bien who
(Continued on Second Page.)
it
OP MEDICAL CORPS
?
Successor to Gen. Gorgas,
Who Retires, Soon to Be
Announced in Army Order.
BY DAVID LAWRENCE.
(Copjrtiht, 1918, by N. T. Ereainf Po?t, Inc.!
Some interesting changes are soon
to be made affecting the executive
personnel of the Medical Corps of the
Army in this country and overseas.
MaJ. Gen. Merritte W. Ireland, .now
the chief surgeon of the American ex
peditionary forces in: France, is .to be
made surgeon general to succeed MaJ.
Gen, W. C Gorgas, who retires for
age on October S next. ' Gen. "Gorgas
himself, who went abroad "with Sec
retary Baker recently, will probably
sit In the supreme war coancll at
Versailles as the medical representa
tive of the United States~Army in the
military discussions of the allies, and
may be elevated to the rank of lieu
tenant general.
To take the. place of Gen. Ireland
overseas It is planned to send Brig.
Gen. Robert E. Noble, who has been
assistant to Gen. Gortu In the sur
geon general's office In Washington.
The advancement in position is in
each case a recognition of the merit
of these men. .
Gorgas Known Throughout World
Gen. Gorgas has made a name for
himself throughout- tho world as a
sanitarian, and, notwithstanding that
he has reached the age or . sixty-fonr,
the wish of the government Is that
he remain in quasi-active duty as an
adviser.
Gen. Noble, who goes to France to
succeed Gen. Ireland, has been one
of the indefatigable Workers In
?Washington who has helped' to direct
the unprecedented expansion of the
Medical Corpa from a few hundred
' (Continued o*. Second Pag*.) -
INFLUENZA BK
IRE;
Washington Has Had Total of
Six Deaths Since Last
Saturday.*
FORTY-TWO NEW CASES
HERE IN 36 HOURS
Disease Spreads in Heade Canton
ment, With 1,500 Persons 111
and Two Deaths.
Three deaths from Spanish Influenza
among civilians in Washington were
reported this morning. This brings
the total to six deaths sln.ce last Sat
urday.
Camp Meade was put under quaran
tine this afternoon because of the
spread of the disease in that canton
ment. A total of 1,500 men there has
been stricken and two deaths have
occurred in the 71st Infantry, station
ed at the camp.
Deaths Reported Today.
The deaths reported today were:
Amos Matticks, 1103 6th street
northwest.
GraysoibB. Coffman, 217 5th street
southeast.
Pearl Morgan, goo Kenyon street
northeast.
Coffman was a conductor on the
East Capitol street line of the Wash
ington Railway and Electric Company.
He was sick four days, being uncon
scious two days. He was twenty years
old.
Pearl Morgan1, thirty-three years
o*rae. from New York, where
[ SH. w tHcej, m
.3?attfefc& according to Information
????Jyed# was making a temporary
W pwfl Tfno lie was ^ordered im
'tO-GartlMdHospttat. where
he dial today. He was thirty-three
-years-01dt ? -?
That, the epidemic is making head
way in ^hc District is evHent.from
the fact that twenty-iwo now cases
mn reported to the District health
department yesterday ana twenty
mote were reported, this morning.
This brings the total new cases re
ported in the last thirty-six hours to
t?i tjr- two.
Should Not Be Alarmed.
, fir. Fowler of the District health
iepa'rtiiiest. still maintains that per
sons should not become alarmed. He
urged today that care be taken by
them to keep out in the open air as
much as possible. He said that street
cars are good breeders of the disease.
Reports from military ?amps in the
District show that there are 216 cases.
These include soldiers, officers and
wives and chiMren of officers, who are
being treated at dispensaries.
Up to 11 o'clock this forenoon the
(Continued on Second Page.)
TO SEW PACE
Music, Orations and Rallies
Galore Are Scheduled
Here Tomorrow.
Music, patriotic orations, street bond
selling and rallies galore Will form
the greater part of Washington's cel
ebration tomorrow ot the opening of
the tUree weeks' drive to float the
nation's fourth liberty loan.
There will be various , other inci
dental features to make the eventful
day a. gala and memorable one. The
District lean" committee at noon to
day was not ready to make public all
the dfetails. ,
Geraldine Farrar, the noted opera
singer, who. with .Vice President Mar
shall, will be the center of attraction
at the Rational Press Club entertain
ment to be held tonight in the audi
torium of the Central High School,
will sing from the south steps of the
Treasury' building tomorrow at noon.
Sixty lbs Meetings listed.
The committee has arranged sixty
separata mass meetings to be held in
varioiumectlons of,the city tomorrow
and tomorrow night Nearly 100
different speakers will'iaddress these
meetings and. the committee expects
in this way to. reach more than 150,
?M persons. -- The- majority -of these
meetings-will be h'eld"in the various
government departments, bureaus
administrations and commissions.
ffhe -meetings. *MI begin at ?:lb in
the ? morning ? arid will ' continue
through the day. In the evening the
r largest - meeting of all will be held
lit the Liberty Hut. It will be con
) ducted .under the auspices of the-bual
j nen men of the.District and will be
I addressed by Senator J. Hamilton
J ~ (Continned on Fourth Page.)?~
BRITISH STRIKE ABOVECAMBRAI;
ALLIES SHAKING GERMAN
DEFENSE SYSTEM IN WEST
? . %
NEW DUE SHOWS
POWER OF ALUES
Ability to Pound So Many
Points Also Evidence Huns'
Strength Is Waning.
AMERICANS' WORK TELLS
Gen. Pershing's official communica
tion to the War Department on the
extent of the Initial drive of the Amer
ican forces gave the military authori
ties here a definite Idea of the plan of
the combined Franco-American of
fensive, which ii now proceeding upon
a large scale.
Marshal Foch, it is thought by the
military authorities here, is striking
a blow which is attended by wide
strategic possibilities. They are led
to this conclusion by consideration of
the point of attack chosen by the
French leader.
Sees Oreat Possibilities.
As far back as 1S13 the French
strategists saw that the (Champagne
front offered the greatest possibilities
in repelling the invaders with the
least expenditure of men. There was
Aefcf flghti^# ihatyfg* iff*
tor. but the French IfctetwM (M re
serve power to press forward in ac
cordance with their strategic designs
and were forced to eettle back to
tfcctlcal operations and' defensive
measures.
Since then the line between Rhelms
arid Verdun has been relatively un
changed, the last offensive effort of
the enemy against Rhelms in July
having failed to break it. On that
occasion American troops aided in re
pelling the eastern jaw of the enemy
pincer attack on the cathedral city,
the 42nd (Rainbow) Division - having
been brigaded with French troops on
this front, where it won- high com
mendation from the French leaders.
As the French plan of 1015 has
been discussed, .it contemplated the
driving of a great wedge through to
the line of the Jleuse, where ii skirts
the forest of Ardennes, near the Bel
gian border.
Offers Unusual Opportunity.
Resting on a wide base and sup
ported by the fortress of Verdun on
the east, such a wedge would in ef
fect divide the German army and in
addition menace the whole communi
cation system of the enemy forces in
northern France and Belgium. It
would have threatened the Belgion
gateway into France and it seems
certain that a hasty retirement by the
enemy to the Meuse line must have
resulted.
The battle lines today are relatively
as they were in 1915 and the same
strategic factors hold good. For this
reason alone, many officers have be
lieved that Marshal Focb sooner or
later would strike at the enemy from
the Champagne front and when word
of the new attackSvas receive^ their
first impression was that the hour for
the great allied effort had come.
Later advices, however, indicated
that the new battle zone was east of
the more level region around Rhelms.
where it had been anticipated the road
to the Belgian border would more
probably be sought. Apparently Mar
shal Foch has struck flret In the re
gion immediately west of Verdun, and
until the scope and direction of his
attack develops officials withhold
judgment as to the grand objectives
at which the new drive may be aimed.
Some Significant Points.
Several factors of utmost signifi
cance and of peculiar interest to the
people of the United States are
(Continued on Fourth Page.)
Jfc
CHILE SEIZES HUN SHIPS
Orders Armed Occupation of All
Interned German
Craft.
Br the Associated Press.
SANTIAGO, Chile. Thursday. Sep
tember 26.?The Chilean government
tonight ordered the naval authorities
to occupy with armed forces all. the
interned German ships Is Chilean
harbors.
Crews of German ships self-interned
fn Chilean ports recently attempted to
damage *or sink the vessels. Septem
ber & the Chilean government took
over the shljjs to prevent further dam
age by the crews.' Since that time
.there has been much agitation in
Chilean political circles as to whether
the government should not seise the
German steamers.
Since shortly after the beginning of
the war Chile had been negotiating
with Germany for the use of the
steamers. Germany agreed to give
Chile three ships, but on September
IS it was reported that the Chilean
government had broken off negotia
tions concerning the rental of the. In
terned vessels.
Americans Smashing Forward
Northwest of Verdun, Meet
ing Success Everywhere.
FRENCH PROGRESS ZV.? MILES;
PRISONER BAG TOTALS 12,000
LONDON, September 27.?The number of Germans
taken prisoner by the French and Americans in their drive
in the Champagne and to the east exceeds 16,000, accord
ing to a Paris dispatch to the Exchange Telegraph Com
pany.
Bj the Associated Ptcm.
Under allied smashes on two wide fronts between Arras and
Verdun the German defensive system based oh tbe fortress of Laon
is being shaken severely.
Marshal Foch, while continuing the successful Franco-Amer
ican thrust from east of Rheims to Verdun, has hurled the British
against the German lines north of Cambrai on a front south of the
Sensee river.
From the new line reached Thursday night the American
forces between the Argonne and the Meuse continue to press
northward through the hilly wooded country northwest of Ver
dun. The Americans art well beyond the original German lines
and hold important observation points along the front. A light
rain fell Friday on the American sector and the weather was un
favorable for observation.
West of the Argonne to the Suippe the French have advanced
more than three and one-half miles and taken and passed beyond
formidable German defense points, including the famous Navariii
farm, the Butte du Tahure and the Butte du Mesnil. Gen.
Petain's men took more than 7,000 prisoners, who with the 5,000
taken by the Americans brings the allied total for the fir^t day of
the attack to 12,000.
Forest Will Be Cleared.
In the Argonne forest itself the al
lies apparently are making little effort
to move northward. The allied com
mand seemingly believes that the for
est will be cleared automatically as
the Americans and French progress
on either side. Already the Germans
facing; the French in the forest have
been outflanked-on the east.
The new British attack launched
Friday morning is north of the scene
of the operations of the last fortnight
looking to the encirclement of St.
Quentin and threatens the German de
fenses north and west of Cambrai.
South of the Sensee river the British
are well within the Hindenburg line
and on ground untouched previously
by heavy fighting. West of Cambra!
they are just west of the German line
and the new operation probably is
planned to outflank the Hindenburg
position from Cambrai to St. Quentin.
The Franco-American thrust farther
south is aimed against the communi
cations behind this front.
Haig Attacks on Wide Front
South of the Sensee River
By tl?* Associated Pre**.
LONDON. September 27.?British
troops attacked on a wide front south
of the Sensee river this morning', ac
cording to fi report received here
from Field Marshal Haig.
First reports indicate that satis
factory progress is being made.
The British lines were advanced
slightly north of the Sensee in a local
operation during last night and there
wece successful local-attacks in Flan
ders.
(The Sensee river is a small stream
flowing to the northeast and parallel
ing on the south the Scarpe river,
which flows past Arras and passes
through the Important city of Douai.
one of the principal German bases on
the Artois front in France. It is
probable that the British attack is
made for the purpose of driving
a wedge between Douai and Cam
brai, about fifteen miles to the south.)
BRITISH HEADQUARTERS IN
FRANCE, September 27 (Reuter's).?
Field Marshal Haig's forces at dawn
this morning delivered an attack over
a wide front. A heavy rain falling
during the early hours made the work
of assembly more difficult, but some
time before zero all the troops were
in position, the rain had ceasad and
had been replaced by a thick haze,
which assisted in bewildering the en
emy. as to the extent and direction of
our movement.
About nine German divisions (112,
000 men) are understood to be oppos
ing Haig's men. So far the battle
seems to be going well for the British.
With the sun. the morning broad
ened into clear weather and the Brit
ish airmen were able to report the
progress of the battle. The Canadian
troops pushed forward on the north
ern flank of the attack.
By 9:30 o'clock this morning the
British appeared to have crossed the
Canal du Nord defenses on a front of
more than three miles and to have ad
vanced to a maximum depth of ap
proximately a mile and a quarter.
Americans Fight All Night;
? German Artillerg Is Caught
By the Associated Pt*?s.
AMERICAN AKMT ON THE VER
DUN FRONT. September 27, 10 a.m.?
The American advance continued dur
ing last night on the front of the of
fensive launched, yesterday. Th,e
American, patrols pushed forward,
maintaining contact -with the enemy.
Stout machine gun resistance met
during the late night at one point
was* quickly overcome with tanks and
artillery.
The weather today was thick, light
rains having begun in the early morn
ing in the field of the American oper
ations. obscuring observation.
i Late information tends to ctmfirm the
SeUef that the German heavy artillery
was caught in the act of withdrawal and
was unable to operate or reply satis
factorily. It is not known at this hour
i whether any of'the enemy big guns
[ were captured.
The Americans have taken what may
be considered the Hindenburg line, but
behind that are strong trenches called
the Hagen positions. Behind these and
again joined up to them by a* good deal
of wire and all sorts of defensive werks
are the Volker positions, which connect a
series of strong places. All these must
be passed before the Krlemhilde posi
tions?the line on which the enemy has
placed his main reliance?can be
reached.
But the inroads already made by
the Americans have been great. Cm
the American right, which rested On
the Meuse at Regneville, Gen. Per
shing's men early in the day forced
their way across a brook and pushed
the stubborn opposition clean through
the woods beyond. Then, swinging
down from the crest of the hill, they
cleared Gricourt. In their stride they
swept through Jure wood and finally,
after tome stiff fighting, brought
their advance to a close by the cap
ture of Dannevoux.
The advance of the Americans was
six miles deep notwithstanding that
the artillery of the enemy was massed
on the farther bank of the river and
that it was thought this likely would
make an advance In this sector ex
tremely difficult. It is possible that
the gassing of the Germans by the
Americans, which had been continued
throughout the night, proved more effi
cacious than had been expected.