Evening star. [volume], December 23, 1918, Image 1

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No. 27,270. WASHINGTON, D. C., MONDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1918?TWENTY PAGES. TWO CENTS;-:''
PRESIDENT'S AID
LAYS GROUNDWORK
FOR PEACEPARLEY
Paris Conferences Virtually
Complete "Green Table"
Preliminaries.
HOOVER LIKELY TO TAKE
CHARGE OF FOOD RELIEF
Mr. Wilson's Address Becalls
Bryan Plan for Arbitration
Treaties.
PARIS, December 23 (by the Associated
Press).?President Wilson's
conferences today and tomorrow will
virtually complete the preliminaries
he is expected to dispose of before going
to England. They probably will
lay the principal part of the groundwork
for the actual peace conference.
Mr. Wilson considers the most
pressing of all problems before the
entente nations in a fair way toward
being solved. This is the Question of
supplying food to the starving peoples
of liberated countries. It now
seems probable that the work will be
handled principally by the United
States, through Herbert C. Hoover,
American food administrator. It has
been made plain to the entente nations
that the United States has no
wish to claim entire credit for the
work of relief in the minds of the
people who are to be fed, and a satisfactory
understanding appears to be
in sight. Mr. Hoover will confer with
the President again today.
Would Delay Consideration.
Participation by the United States
In various councils that have been
handling food questions, matters of
snipping ana me line is Deing
gradually wound up, as American
officials are trending toward the
opinion that these are proper subjects
for the consideration of a league of
nations or at least of preliminary
organisations whioh may precede it.
Some of those who have been giving
the subject close study and have been
following the conferences with entente
representatives, say they would
not be surprised If the real foundation
of a league of nations were to
be laid In co-operative arrangements
between the United States and the
allies for handling these fundamental
questions.
Mr. Wilson's address at the Sorbon'ne
on Saturday, in which he again
defined his conception of a league of
nations, attracted closest attention
from all publio men-here. This is
especially true of his statement that
the war could never have occurred if
the central powers had discussed it
for a fortnight, and certainly not if
they had been forced to.talk matters
over for more than a year.
Recalls Bryan's Flan.
The President's address has recalled
that, the United States, w"hile
William Jennings Bryan was Secretary
of State, negotiated a dozen arbitration
treaties, one of them with
Great Britain. These treaties bound
their signatories to discuss their con
troversies for at least a year berore
proceeding to a declaration of war.
An attempt was made to negotiate
such a treaty with Germany, but the
Berlin government refused to entertain
it. It is also recalled the fame
idea was once expressed in a plan for
preserving peace put forward by a
group headed by Viscount James
Bryce. former British ambassador to
the United States.
There is no official authority for the
statement that Mr. "Wilson is thinking
of the Bryan plan as one of the elements
in the proposed machirfery for
preserving world peace, but this reference
to the plan in his Sorbonne
speech has set public men to talking.
No announcement has been made as
to how far the conferences between
Mr. "Wilson, Premier Clemenceau, Premier
Orlando and Foreign Minister
Sonnlno have gone, but French public
men have declared that their premier's
talks with the President were
entirely satisfactory. It Is also believed
that Mr. Wilson has made substantial
progress In his conferences
with Italian statesmen.
President to Spend Day
Discussing Peace Terms
With British War Cabinet
By the Associated Press.
LONDON, December 23.?It Is expected
that the entire day Friday, the
day following President Wilson's arrival
In England for his visit, will be
devoted to a discussion by the President
with the British war cabinet of
me terms to do prepareu uy oreai
Britain at the interallied conference
preceding the peace congress.
The cabinet, it is said, will be able
to finish by tomorrow night the task
of framing the terms, and the final
draft should be ready by Christmas
day.
London Is Decorating.
The first organised scheme of street
depuration in London since the beginning
of the war is being arranged for
President Wilson's visit. There was
a big display of flags when the armistice
was declared and likewise for
the reception of Marshal Foch and
Field Marshal Haig, but these demonstrations
were entirely spontaneous
and (ackinir in harmony.
It is understood, however, that for
the President's approaching visit it
has been decided that the entire route
from the railway station to Buckingham
Palace shall be elaborately and
systematically decorated with standards
linked by streamers. Some of
the poles for this purpose have already
been erected near the palace.
The Stars and Stripes will be the predominant
feature of the decorations,
and the flags of the allies also will
be used.
To help make the scheme effective
the department of public works has
invited the occupants of houses along
the route to apply to the department
for the loan of bunting.
The decorations of the city of London
for the President's visit of Saturday
will likewise be upon a splendid
scale.
Perfecting Entertainment Plans.
The various governments were busily
engaged today in perfecting the
details of the preparations for the
President's entertainment. There was
likewise considerable activity at
Buckingham Palace. President Wilson
is not only the first head of a republic
to make a stay at the palace,
but the first as guest of honor to be
accompanied by his wife. As the wife
gBSBgH rwgwbath Egg
1 . : .. r V
MASARYK TAKES OATH
AS SLAVS' PRESIDENT
Presented by Premier in Name of
First Free Government of
Czecho-Slovak State.
PRAGUE. Bohemia, Sunday, December
22.?Prof. T. G. Masaryk, president
of the Czecho-Slovak republic,
took the oath of office as president
today in the diet building.
President Masaryk, who reached
here from the United States by way
of Paris, was presented on his arrival
with an address by Premier Kramarz
in the name of the first free government
of the Czecho-Slovak state. The
president's oath on assuming office
was as follows:
"I promise as president of tBe
Czecho-Slovak republic, on my honor
and conscience, that I will care for
the welfare of the republic and its
people and respect its laws."
A. P. ISSUSTA1NED
BY SUPREME COURT
International News Service
Is Restrained From Pirating
of Rival News.
UNFAIR METHODS HALTED
. . . ~
injunctions granted the Associated
Press to stop pirating of news by the
International News Service were sustained
today by the Supreme Court
of the United States.
Associated Press contentions that
there is a property right in news
were upheld by the Supreme Court.
As between the public and newsgathering
organizations, Justice' Pitney,
who delivered the opinion, expressed
doubt whether there could
be any property in uncopyrighted
news. As between rival news-gathering
organizations he said there
was a quasi property interest.
Referring to contentions of the International
News Service, that the
Associated Press was guilty of the
same practices charged against the
defendants, Justice Pitney said that
there is nothing in the proceedings
that puts the Associated Press in the
position of having "unclean hands."
Justice Holmes Dissints in Fart.
Justice Holmes, in an associate opinion,
said he partially agreed with the
majority, dissenting from the principle
that there is property In news.
Justice Pitn?? announced that Justice
t;iarke iook no part in tne proceedings.
The court declared the processes
used by the International News Service
in taking Associated Press hews
amounted to an "unauthorized interference
with the normal operation of
complainant's legitimate business precisely
at the point where the profitis
to be reached.
"The transaction speaks for itself;
and a court of equity ought not to
hesitate long in characterizing it as
unfair competition in business." Justice
Pitney said, referring to the taking
of Associated Press news matter
by the Hearst service.
Injunction Justified.
Justice ifolmes, who was joined in
' bis opinion by Justice McKenna, said
the Associated Press was justified to
j an injunction against news piracy,
but for a certain number of hours, unless
credited in the interim to the Associated
Press.
Restraining orders preventing the
International News Service from inducing
persons to communicate to it '
Associated Press news in advance of
publication or persuading members of
the Associated Press to violate that
organization's by-laws were upheld.
Bights Unrelinquished.
The International News Service
contention that the Associated Press
relinquishes Its property right to
news matter when It is published, the
court held, "is untenable."
The Supreme Court affirmed decrees
of the circuit court of appeals enjoining
the Hearst service from taking,
for the purpose of selling to its own
customers, news appearing on bulletin
boards or in early editions of Associated
Press papers.
Justice Brandeis delivered a dissenting
opinion, disagreeing both
with the majority and the views of
Justices Holmes and McKenna.
Justice Brandeis' Views.
Justice Brandeis said he could find
no misrepresentation by the International
News Service in obtaining Associated
Press news from public bulletins
and published newspapers, although
he said that some injustice in
getting unearned matter from a competitor
was obvious.
One-half or more of United States
newspapers. Justice Brandeis said,
are dependent upon other than Associated
Press news and that the legislative
powers should act in the case
to protect-the public rights.
"It is a case," he said, "to which
neither the laws of property nor unfair
competition exist."
Justice Brandeis said he regarded
the majority opinion as laying down a
"dangerous" principle which might
1 C3U1L lit UOUIIM vv a. 61 tai 11UU1UCI UL
people news that only the Associated
Press secures and publishes.
Vote Was 5 to 3.
The opinion was rendered on a vote
of 5 to 3. Justice Clark of Ohio, h
newspaper publisher himself, taking no
part.
Opinion in Restraining Suit.
The opinion was rendered in proceedings
instituted to restrain the
International News Service from
"pirating" news gathered at great
labor and expense by the Associated
Press for the use of its members and
selling that news to Its own customers.
In bringing the proceedings
the International News Service was
charged with acting unfairly in competition
with the Associated Press,
which contended there is a property
right in news and that publication is
not a releas". The practices of the
Hearst service were termed as
"piratical and unlawful." All the
contentions made by the Associated
Press were sustained by the lower
courts, which granted Injunctions enjoining
the International News Service
from appropriating Associated
Press news, either through members
of the latter organization or from
bulletin boards and early editions of
Associated Press papers.
Admitted Guilt.
In arguing the case before the Supreme
Court attorneys for the Hearst
service admitted that organisation
was guilty of taking the Associated
Press news, but defend#* them?Ives
. w W
BEELER REPORTS
FOR STffiET CARS
Statement Covering Conferences
on Subject Submitted
to Utilities Board.
EARLY DECISION OF ISSUE
tttUAflUtU As> PKUBABLt
Misunderstanding Relating to
Agreement Between Companies
and Commission Preceding
Grant of 5-Cent Fare.
The Beeler transfer report reached
the Public Utilities Commission today.
What concessions the street car
companies have made will not be announced
until after a meeting of the
commission, to be held this afternoon.
The report is a fifty-page typewritten
document covering the trans-fer
conferences held between the
companies and John A. Beeler. traffic
expert for the commission, on- November
25, 26, 27, 29 and December 10.
These conferences grew out of public
hearings on the transfer matter
November 7 and November 14. On
the latter date the companies agreed
to the establishment of intercompany
transfer points at 8th and East
Capitol, 8th and C, 8th and D and
8th and H streets northeast.
It was decided then to take the
whole question up in conference. If
the voluntary action of the com
panics nas nvt met. BUinticijiij 1110
needs of the situation, the commission,
it is expected, will announce
further hearing's.
Spsedy Settlement Expected.
There is every indication today of
a determination by the commission to
bring the transfer controversy to a""
speedy settlement. The public has
'been growing impatient for a decision,
as evidenced by many complaints,
petitions and other communications
received by the commission.
Before the war the commission de-,
cided the transfer mattep to be a
rate question, and announced that it
would be not passed on until the
valuations of the car companies were
completed. - "
But the war made the partially
completed valuations wpr.tJ!le#9U;;rhft
companies' cost ef operation mounted
to.such a potnt that they appealed-:to
This gave the commission an opening
to rejuvenate the transfer proposition.
It reached an understanding
with the street car 'companies that,
in consideration of the five-cent fare
being. granted, the companies wouid
interpose no legal objection to an order
of the commission requiring such
transfers at points where, in the opinion
of the commission, the public interests
demand it and tvhere it would
not 'tend to Increase congestion on
the lines.
misunderstanding: Arises.
This agreement appears to have developed
general misunderstanding. If
communications received by the commission
are any index to public opln
ion. tne puoiic is persuaaei tnai tne
companies are committed to universal
transfers. Consequently the commission
has been asked why It has
not ordered universa transfers.
But the understanding: between the
utilities board and the traction concerns
contemplated, it is stated, that
no extensive system of Intercompany
transfers should be established without
a careful and complete investigation
by experts of the commission
and the companies.
The companies' position with respect
to the investigation apparently
is that its purpose was to determine
how far the transfer privilege might
be extended without causing them
serious financial loss.
Attitude Not Changed.
There is said to have been no
change in their attitnde, as expressed
at the hearings, of favoring transfers
to a point where their revenues would
stand it.
While the public has been showing
increasing signs of impatience over
the delayed settlement of the question,
the record of the case Indicates
that it has been attended by less delay
than generally is incurred in the
consideration and disposition of public
utility matters.
The rate Increase order of the commission
was issued October 26. The
first transfer hearing was November
7. The first transfer points were established
November 20. The series of
conferences relative to transfers began
November 25, with the Beeler report
and recommendations reaching
the commission today.
How the transfer question happened
to be hooked up with the rate increase
application is explained in the
opinion of the commission submitted
with the order.
Commission's Statement.
"The question of free 'universal
transfers,' so called, or, more properly
speaking, free intercompany trans-,
fers, was discussed at length in the
hearings," stated the commission.
'The president of the petitioning
company, as well as the vice president
of the Capital Traction Company,
admitted that at certain points of intersection
of their respective lines,
free transfers might be interchanged
which would be of great benefit to
the public, although perhaps not tending
to increase the revenues of the
companies. Both these officials stated
that they would interpose no legal objection
to an order of this commission
requiring such transfers at points,
where, in the opinion of the commission
the public interests demand it,
and where it would not tend to increase
the congestion on the lines. It
was the opinion of the witnesses,
however, that no ezttenslve system of
intercompany transfers should be established
without a careful and complete
investigation by the experts of
the companies and the commission."
U-9 INSISTS ON SURRENDER.
AMSTERDAM, December 21.?Although
Admiral Beatty. commander of
the British grand fleet, refrained from
requiring the delivery of the German
submarine U-9, with which Commander
Weddlgen torpedoed and sank
three British cruisers, out of consideration
for the "glorious record" Of
his boat, says the Cologne Volka Zeltung.
the submarine was delivered to
the British because the Oerman erew
was unwilling to forego the opportunity
of earning the 100 marks prorahud^toeaoh
man for taklngthebont
/
NO*
THE
rais
Wants League Agreed to Be
fore Belligerents' Claims
Are Made. .
SENATORS' SPEECHES STIR
BV DAVID LAWRENCE.
. (Copyright by New York Evening Post.)
PARIS. December 23.?Members of
the AmertcemjniegJpn to negotiate
pesce-f^' t
ator Knoi delivered on Wednesday
last was unfortunate and embirrimIrijjr
work.- Senator Knox's
utterance was prominently displayed'
both (ft the British and French newspapers
as indicating- the strength of
the opposition'in the majority party
in the American Congress.
Senator Knox's view that negotiations
to establish a league of nations
should be Settled not at the
present, but by a future conference,
is, of course, in direct opposition to
President, 'Wilson's position, who
holds that an organization to Insure
the future peace of the world should
be the first consideration at this
time. '
Lodge Even More Opposed.
Senator Knox confined his Opposition
to the league of nations, saying
that the present conference should
deal only with issues between the
allies and their enemies.
The speech of Senator Lodge on Saturday,
however, was even more in opposition
to the oourse of the President,
because in this case objection
was taken to five of Mr. Wilson's
fourteen points. Senator Lodge would
defer not only consideration of a
league of 'nations, but the questions
of reduced armaments, freed of the
seas secret diplomacy and the removal
of economic barriers.
A close friend of Senator Knox here
told me that he believed the latter
would never have made his speech of
opposition to Mr. Wilson In connection
with the negotiations at this
time if he had known the true situation.
Fears Division of Spoils.
As a matter of fact, the desire of Mr.
Wilson to see a league of nations provided
for in the peace treaty itself
rose out of his wish to seoure some
international organization before the
spoils of war are divided among the
belligerents and each country satiated
has become apathetic toward further
considerations. Mr. Wilson believes
9trongly that unless binding steps
are taken to prevent further war before
each nation gets what it individaully
wants out of the peace conference,
never will any power on
earth bring the nations into agreement.
If Senator Knox knew that the
whole strength of, the American peace
delegation depended upon whether it
could carry the. point of insisting,
upon -a settlement of the primary
questions which., affect th e broad
policies of world peace?wherein the
United-States is primarily interested
because she has no territorial ambitions?he
would not be Inclined for a
moment to lend his support' to the
elements hero .which are seeking to
weaken Mr. Wilson'B hand.
No Exact Formula Possible Now.
No one supposes that an exact
formula for a league of nations can
be made In the next few weeks, or.
Indeed, during the present conference,
but an agreement is possible upon a
provision in the treaty-making mandatory
upon the signatory powers the
establishment of a league in accordance
with general principles enunciated,
'
Undoubtedly the creation of a league
will require- a separate conference to
decide upon details to which neutrals
will be given an opportunity to
express their objection or adherence,
but'Mr. Wilson considers If a paramount
necessity , to have some provision
in the peace treaty .itself compelling
the establishment of a world
organisation.
Slay Not Be Difficult to Obtain.
From what I' have observed of the
British and French positions, this
may not be difficult to attain, provided
that America makes it prerequisite
to all discussion of peace terms.
It" must be kept in mind in America
that France and Italy are chiefly interested
in questions .of territorial
adjustment in central Europe and the
Balkans, while English eyes. are
tqrned toward the question of an indemnity
from Germany, colonial possessions
and trade.
.Tbmt desires can by no maaM.be
attributed to /imperialistic^ impulses.
ELEVENTH-HOUR DELINQU
EUROPEAN PEOP
WILSON PLEJ
Influence of U. S. D<
interested Posi
Viewed as
Spoke
BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN.
Special Cable Dispatch from The Star's
Staff Correspondent In Paris.
PARIS, December 22.?That the
American peace commission will sit
as an arbiter and judge in the settlement
of the vexatious world problems
has been made absolutely plain by
Vinottta *J? Paris. President Wilson
will not only win his fight for a definite
working organization known as
a league of nations, but when the respective
belligerents file their competing
claims the American commission
undoubtedly will decide as a disinterested
party.
That the various belligerent powers
look to the United States to do this
is indicated by the informal conferences
between the American and the
European delegations. It is plainly
stated by the foreign envoys that if
the United States will take over and
handle problems such as the Balkans,
Turkey, Russia and the near east, the
European nations will avoid long
bickering snd friction at the peace
conference, but this the American
delegation does not wish to do. I am
informed there is no disposition to
FORMER KAISER
CHRISTMAS 1
By the Associated Press.
LONDON, December 23.?William
Hohenzollern has arranged for himself
a CKristmas celebration after the
traditional German style, as far as
the circumstances will permit, according
to a dispatch to the Daily Express
from Amsterdam today.
The arrangements, by the ex-emper
or's Insistence, will Include elaborate
religious ceremonies on Christmas
eve. The idea of using the village
chapel for these, however, has proved
impracticable for various reasons, one
of them being the fear of popular hostile
demonstrations. The service, accordingly,
will be held In the drawing
room of Amerongen castle, which
will be converted into a chapel.
The ex-emperor desired to have the
court chaplain. Dr. Ernest von Dryander,
come from Berlin to preach the
sermon at the Christmas eve ceremony,
but the Berlin government,
says the dispatch, has refused permission
for the chaplain to go to HolVON
HINDENBURG HAS
LARGE FORCE IN POSEN
ZURICH, December 23 (Havas).?
Field Marshal von Hindenburg, according
to reports received here from
Germany, has concentrated a large
force of soldiers In Posen.
Posen is In German Poland. Polish
nationalists have claimed it as part of
the new Poland, and Polish troops
have Invaded the territory. According
to reports from Berlin last week,
the Polish government has ordered
: elections to be held in several parts
of Posen. Danzig, the Baltic port occupied
by Polish forces last week, is
in Posen.
EX-KAISER IN SERIOUSLY ILL.
Will Hardly Live to New Year,
Says Frankfort Zeitnng.1
COPENHAGEN, December 22.?The
Frankfort Zeitnng. a copy of which
has been received here, says the
former German empress will hardly
live to see the new year. Her ailment,
heart disease, has grown considerably
worse during the past exciting
weeks. Previously for several
months she had suffered from the
effects of a stroke of apoplexy.
The condition of the former empress,
the newspaper adds, has had a
serious effect on her husband, who
also Is seriously ill. It is feared that
Us ear trouble will spread to. the
,bK^| Also |dt nervous condition
'
" ]
I
ENT.
LES SUPPORT
^ FOR A LEAGUE
J
^legates Due to Distion?President
Democracy's
. ?r.
5man.
i embroil the United States in prolonged
European Questions. On the
other hand, there is the keenest desire
that the United States step out as
soon as the peace treaty is signed and
that European issues be left for European
dictation. To do this the greatest
diplomacy has been brought to
play. Insofar as the present peace
problems are concerned, no effort will
be spared to settle them to the Intereat
of all the powers. President Wilson
will be supported throughout by
the European conference on peace.
It is admitted his influence is possibly
greater here than that of the foreign
governments, owing to his backing
from European peoples. They have
Idealized him as the spokesman of
true world democracy. His power is
truly enormous, both in and out of the
actual peace parleys, which so far are
purely of an informal character. Sentiment
favors an early agreement on
the working plans for a league of nations.
All conferences have been
definitely committed to that policy
and the parleys being held are as to
the definite application of the ideal
principle, a clearer insight being
gained daily. That theye actually will
be a league of nations, potent force
in deciding the affairs and conflicts of
the world, was the deflnite but informal
statement made to me.
TO PREACH
EVE; CUTS TREES
land. The service consequently will
be conducted by a German missionary
from Zelst, near Amerongen, but Herr
Hohenzollern himself will deliver the
sermon.
Many friends of Count von Bentinck.
the former emperor's host, have
been asked to attend the service, the
message adds, but have refused the
invitation. The former ruler's audience,
therefore, will consist of
Count von Bentinek and his family,
the ex-emperor's suite and the servants
of the castle.
Christmas trees will be provided, as
usual, for the celebration. Herr Hohenzollern
cut these down himself,
with the help of two men of the estate,
in the Amerongen pine woods.
The trees are being decorated and
loaded with gifts, but the former ruler
has requested that none be given him
and the ex-empress.
The feature of the Christmas dinner
will be the turkey. In accordance
with Prussian family custom. Herr
Hohenzollern will do the carving himself.
There also will be a plum pudding,
made after an old English
recipe, which it is supposed the exemperor's
mother, Princess Victoria,
took to Germany with her from Windsor
Castle.
I BRITAIN'S ARMY SUPPLIES
TO GO THROUGH HOLLAND
BRUSSELS, December 23.?It is reported
here that Holland has been informed
by Great Britain of her in
tention to send supplies to the British
army of 'occupation in Germany
by way of the River Scheldt and
Dutch Limberg.
LIEUT. BARNES AGAIN HERO.
Officer Wounded at Argonne Rescues
Soldier From Sea.
NEWPORT NEWS, Vju, December
23.?After haying received a wound in
the hip while engaged In fighting in
the Argonne sector. Lieut. R. W.
Barnes, l-51st Field Artillery, of
Minneapolis, Minn., yesterday once
mpre' proved" himself a hero when he
leaped from the deck of the U. S.
transport Zeelandia, which arrived at
this port Saturday night, and rescued
Private Birch ot the 40th Engineers,
suffering from shell shock, who had
gotten overboard.
Bulgarians and Greeks in Clash.
ATHENS, Saturday, December 21
(by the Associated Press).?Bulgarian
troops today fired on the .Greek posts
near Troussova and wounded three
Greek soldiers, according to an official
dispatch from Seres, In Greek
Macedonia. The Greek*, the message
adds, then attacked and captured two
Bulgarian posts. Several Bulgarian
soldiers were killed. The Bulgarians
retired toward the dopes of Mont
JWNh ?? ??
niili11 iiVn"'miniii"iii iifiii i"'rr'ii mill iliTVi
PRINCIPLES 0
TO BE ADOP'
PEACE TREi
Compulsory World Arbi
of Armaments Sougl
d r> n_ ?T
raper v,aiis lumi
NEUTRALS TO HELP 1
BAR GERMANY 1
Wo Discussion by Enemy Will Be
Restitution Are Required, an
Must Atone for Past B<
By the Associated Press.
PARIS, December 23.?The
print the article which was censc
first headline of which read, ""V
Reality," sets forth the manner <
of a league of nations acting in
ernments."
The formation of a league of nations,
the article says, will be In three
stages. The allied governments will
leclde the principles of such an organization,
which will include compulsory
arbitration and limitation of
armaments. Germany and her formei
lilies will then be told that they
must accept these principles, after
which the treaty of peace will be
formulated. Later a conference will
be held to discuss the formation of a
league. Neutrals will be admitted, 1
the article continues, but Germany
would not have an equal standing
until she has expiated her misdeeds
and before she can do so an International
organization will be working.
Allies to Settle Principles.
"There will he three stages," the
Matin says. "First, the allied governments
will settle among themselves
the principles of the league. As
a fundamental rule they will set
down the right of peoples to decide j
their own destinies. As a practical
consequence It follows thpt there will J
he limitation of armaments and com- ,
pulsory arbitration among the n&- I
tions. It seems Indispensable that at!
this point the entente' countries bind |
themselves to put these clauses In the
preliminaries of peace.
"It has appeared absolutely necessary
to the promoters that the regime
of the future world should be fixed in
its main outlines before there are any
questions of indemnities and territories,
so that tor the first time in history
the deliberations of the plenipotentiaries
should be dominated by
higher ideals than mere Individual
interest.
"The second act will consist in notifying
the enemy powers of the fundamental
principles laid down in the |
preliminaries and requiring from |
them their adhesion to these princi- |
pies. As to other conditions of peace
preliminaries, as In the case of stipPRIVATE
MAYFIE
WAR STORY AS
The battle of Argonne and battles
in Belgium as seen by Private John P.
Mayfield, son of Mr. and Mrs. William
P. Mayfield of 1912 Biltmore street
northwest, will be minutely described
by the returning soldier as a sort of
Christmas treat for the family on
Wednesday.
The name of young Mayfield appears
in the casualty list of today as
having been severely wounded. It
was stated at the Mayfield home today
that the soldier boy arrived at |
Camp Meade yesterday morning, having
been removed there from a hospital
in New York city. He is suffering
from a severe wound in his foot,
which he received in a battle in Belglum
October 31.
Word of the arrival of the young
soldier at Camp Meade, wherp he had
been trained for servioe in Uncle
Sam's Army last May, was received
yesterday by his parents. Mr. and
Mrs. Mayfield and a sister of the soldier
visited him at the camp. He told
them he would rather wait until all
the family were together on Christmas
day, when he would relate the Incidents
of the battles.
SOME SAVANNAH CAES RTJN.
Policemen Are on Guard?striae is
for Union Becognition.
SAVANNAH, Ga., December 23.?A
few street cars ran here today with policemen
guarding the front platforms
and members of the Chatham Home
Guards stationed at points along the
lines. There was no prospect early in
the day of service to suburban points,
and no signs of the disorder which
marked Saturday night. The situation
arose from motormen and conductors
quitting, their leaders saying the action
was taken because the company would
not recognize the union.
WILL SURVEY BY AIRPLANE.
Expedition to North Pole by Aerial I
Method Planned.
NEW YORK, December 23.?An expedition
to be led by Captain Robert
A. Bartlett, noted explorer, will be
sent to the polar regions nui >
to survey the north pole by airplane,
according to an announcement by the
Aero Club of America.
The plan, It was said, was conceived
by Rear Admiral Robert E. Peary, diaooverer
of the pole.
Executions by Bolsheviki.
COPENHAGEN, December 22.?In
addition to the execution by bolshevik
officials of a number of alleged
counter revolutionaries as Pskov 160
miles southwest of Petrograd, it is
reported that the bolsheviki have shot
a number of leading inhabitants In
I the Ostrov district, which lies about
thirty-flve miles to the south of
F LEAGUE
TED BEFORE
\TY IS MADE
itration and Limitation'
kt in What French
Drrow's Reality." ;J
MAKE COMPACT: ^
UNTIL DEBT IS PAID
Permitted, But Reparation and
d Criminal Among Nations
ifore Being Admitted.
?**
Matin today was authorized to
>red yesterday. The article, the
'esterday's Utopia Tomorrow's
jf procedure of the "promoters
agreement with the allied govulations
of a territorial, financial and
economic character, no discussion will
be admitted. The entente delegates
will say to Germany and her allies:
" 'Compulsory arbitration and Uqtir
tation of armaments are integral parts
of our conditions. You must subscribe
to them at once. You will know later
how these principles will be applied.'
Universal Conference.
"The preliminaries once signed, details
of the peace treaty wil be discussed
among the belligerents sad
only after the signing of this treaty
of peace proper will the third stage be
reached. This will be a universal
conference to settle the new relation#
to be created between the peoples.
"To this confrence neutrals may be
admitted. No nation, however, wlH be
admitted to full membership in ttoa
league of nations If it does not oiler
sufficient guarantees. Germany, haying
started the war, will have bpen
condemned by the peace conference to
make restitution and reparation. She
cannot be regarded as being on an
equal footing with other nations until
she has paid her debt. Germany has
committed a crime and she must aCofte'
for it before she can be admitted'to
the ranks of honest and civilised pee- j
pies. . J
"Meanwhile tlte other countries w?l
be united by formal agreements, s
world police will have been created
and sanctions of all kinds will have
been Instituted. An international tribunal
will be working and the speeter
of war. as far as it is humanly possible,
will be banished from the path ol
civilization."
PARIS, December 22.?The first ?
column of the first page of the Matin
was censored today. Only the headlines
of the article were left. These
read:
"Yesterday's Utopia Tomorrow's
Reality. Constitution of a Society of
Nations Under Serious Consideration.
Germany and Her Allies Will
o-l,, -Da if Tli.v invnt
Principles on Which Entente Governments
Shall Have AgTeed."
:ld will give
holiday treat
Mayfield, who is twenty-four years
old, was drafted last May. He waa
trained at Camp Meade and later at
Camp Lee. He was sent to France-ln
June, going over with the former Ohio
National Guard. In France he was attached
to the 37th Division.
Other District men named in the
casualty list today Include: Wounded
severely?Lieut. Richard C. Cruit, 1(4
Western avenue, Takoma Park, D. C.j
Corp. Chester V. Spelser, 113 16th
street northeast; Private Lewis C.
Sheafe, 1906 11th street; Private Robert
H. Lacey, Morris road southeast;
Private John R. Roots, 1708 Seaton
street.
Wounded ? degree undetermined?
Sergt. Alton G. McMillan, Congress
Heights, D. C.; Sergt. Herman Toseb.
633 Raleigh street. Congress Height?.
D. C.; Private Floyd- Brown, 8F~N
street southwest; Private Frank
Jackson, 606 S street; Private James
E. Wiley, 2142 L street.
Wounded slightly?Capt. George W.
Weikert, 631 Massachusetts avenue
northeast; Lieut. Burllie M. Odum,
1656 Rosedale street northeast; Sergt.
Henry A. Penn, 604 D street southeast;
Bugler Michael Thomas, 611 C
street southwest; Private Edward C.
Rose, 2803 4th street northeast.
Marine Corph?Missing in action?
Private Charles M. Flanagan, 3228
Hlatt place.
OPPOSES NAVY SINKING
President Not in Favor of Such 40tion
Regarding German
War Craft
It may be stated authoritatively
that President Wlieon will oppose In
tfie most dlwect fashion proposals
from any source to' sink the warships
surrendered by Germany under the
terms of the armistice.
Since word came from Paris that
American delegates to the peaoe conference,
with British support. Intended
to advocate destruction of enemy
vessels to avoid contention over their
distribution, the subject has be?n discussed
with much Interest among
American and allied naval officers
here. Some officers found reasons tor
supporting such a course, particularly
in the difficulty of incorporating
into other navies craft of German
construction.
Officials have professed to know
nothing about the attitude of the
President until today, when it was
learned that he viewed the plan as
altogether undesirable.
Spanish Premier Leaves Paris.
PARIS, December 2 J (Havas).?
Count Romanones the 8panlah pis
mler who came to Paris to disouaa
Spain's attitude with regard to -the
approaching peace conferences, and
who while here had Interviews with
President Wilson. Premier Ctomanaswy
Foreign Minister Plchon and ethera.
JatLXar Mgdrid, today. ?^
'i-i.riiftmrPini i ifr-r-in