Evening star. [volume], November 09, 1919, Page 7, Image 7

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

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THE STAR
Former War Makers Debate
Attitude of British Navy in
Statement to U. S.
By the Associated Press.
BERLIN, Thursday, November 6.?In j
response to questions as to what caused
the decision to start the submarine
warfare, what justified it and what |
prospects It had for success. Admiral
von Koch made a long, chiefly technical,
i reply at today's hearing on responsibil
1 ity for the war.
He quoted at length from reports of
the late Admiral von HoltzendorfE, for
mer head of the German naval staff,
who. he said, felt that American peace
intervention could not be counted on
! and that Germany would have to take
chances on America's participation in
the war.
Bethmann Hollweg Loses Temper
Admiral von Koch asserted he did not
know about President Wilson's peace
plans, whereupon von Bethmann Holl- i
weg entered the debate, asserting that
he had reported the matter in detail to
the chief of the admiralty staff. As a
result of his remarks von Bethmann >
Hollweg was subjected to another |
heckling, which caused him to lose his
temper. He regained his equanimity
quickly, however, asserting that he was
being treated as an accused rather than
as a witness.
The# investigating committee sat
breathless as von Koch read from i
Admiral Sims' account of his inter- ;
view with Admiral Jellicoe, Great
Britain's naval head, just after the
declaration of the intensified V-boat
warfare by Germany. The account
seemed to give many of the listeners
a forlorn sense of satisfaction. Ac
cording to the account. Admiral Jel
licoe had admitted Great Britain's
peril. Admiral von Koch pointed to this
as justification for beginning the un
der-water campaign, calling special
attention to Jellicoe's alleged state
ment that the British losses had been
three or four times as heavy as of
ficially announced.
Discuss Jellicoe's Purpose.
Dr. Kduard David, minister of the
interior, gave as his opinion that Ad
miral Jellicoe had tried to mislead
the United States through Admiral
Sims. Von Koch replied that this was
hardly possible since Admiral Sims
was an outspoken enemy of Ger
many.
Vice Admiral Eduard von Capelle,
former minister of the German navy,
was forced to admit that the U-boats
were powerless to prevent trans
portation by the British of ammunition
across the English channel. He relat
ed in detail the British system which
made use of nets, searchlights, de
stroyers and fast cruisers to foil the
submarine. ..... u
"They only succeeded at night, ne
added triumphantly.
Claim Sinkings by Mistake.
Capt. von Bartenbach. explaining the
difficulty* of communicating by wire
less with submarines away from their
base, related how seven Dutch ships
were sunk owing to a submarine being
submerged and failing to get a mes
sage giving permission for the yes
i sels to pass. This severely strained
i diplomatic relations with Holland, ac
i cording to Capt. von. Bartenbach.
Pol von Merz asserted that Germany
was able to decipher all English mes
sages sent after 1914.
Admiral von Koch criticised Admiral
von Tirpitz for the interview the min
ister of marine had with an American
newspaper correspondent (in Decem
ber, 1914) in which the submarine war
was predicted.
Amazed by British Fire.
The session opened with searching
questions as to whether the British
fleet was not speedier and better
equipped with guns, armor and higher
gun elevation, enabling the British
ships to shoot farther. It was as- ;
serted by Vice Admiral von Capelle.
former minister of the navy, that dur- I
ing one encounter in the North sea
between German and British war
ships of unequal size, the British op
ened a long-distance fire which ;
amazed him.
Col. von Merz testified that he bad
picked up wireless messages from
Rome to Petrograd showing that the ]
British positions at Saloniki were ,
seriously menaced, and therefore the ;
British had confiscated all the Greek ;
grain. j
Admiral von Koch testified that i
Germany possessed 103 submarines in
February. 1918: 121 in March. 124 in |
April. 12S in May. 130 in July. 123 in
August. 132 in September and 134 in
October. The losses in the same j
months were only forty-nine.
Describes U-Boat Warfare.
Capt. Bartenbach. commander of the j
submarine bases in Flanders, de
scribed U-boat warfare. He said that in
1915 and 191B hardly anything could
harm the submarines, but in 1917 the
work of the submarines became more
difficult because of British inventions,
such as listening stations, from
which it was possible to hear any sub- |
marine entering the channel, and also
the fast-developing British flying J
service, which made it extremely dan
gerous for U-boats.
This situation became materially j
worse in 1918. The Germans, how- |
ever, were able to counteract the
mines to some extent by sending
aviators over the mine fields at ebb
tide, when the mines could be charted.
Testimony was also given that the
Germans tried to underestimate
rather than overestimate the losses
of ships they sank. Each returning
officer reported minutely as to the
size and probable tonnage of vessels
sunk. The admiralty subtracted 10
per cent.
Ofi.pt. Bartenbach said that the ad
miralty deducted one hundred thou- i
sand tons monthly for destruction by i
mines. In his opinion the submarine
warfare had been declared too early,
as Germany was not ready, and did
not have sufficient U-boats. Germany
had only about thirty boats, he said,
in February, 1916.
RUS^-JAP AGREEMENT
REPORTED IN ARCHANGEL j
London, However, Has Received No
Direct Information on Humor
ed Alliance.
LONDON. November 8.?A telegram
to Reuter's, Limited, from Archangel i
expresses approval at the reported
conclusion of an agreement with
Japan. The newspaper Otechestvo
(Fatherland) says:
"It is no longer a question of the
recognition or non-recognition of Ad
miral Kolchak, but of an alliance of
the all-Russian government. ? with a
powerful neighbor. It is sufficient to
describe it even in this way to un
derstand Its meaning- and its im
portance."
No direct i?formation has, however,
been received here regarding this re
ported special . agreement, and both
the French foreign office and the
Japanese embassy declared that they
knew nothing of any such alliance
or agreement.
UPRISING AGAINST BEDS.
Denikine Beports Workers Over
throw Government at Britinsk.
LONDON. November 8.?A wireless
message from Gen. Denikine states
that the chief of staff of the soviet
army near Britinsk organized an up
rising of workmen, occupied Britinsk
and overthrew the soviet authorities.
Thus, the statement says, the red
army at the most important point on
the front lies between Qen. Denlkine's
troops and the Insurgent workmen.
CITY NEWS IN BRIEF
The SrUntlflr ail Tcfkalnl Section
of Federal Employes' Union, No. 2,
will hold an open meeting tomorrow
night at 8 o'clock in the auditorium
of the New National Museum. Senator
Irvine L. Lenroot of Wisconsin, T.
Basil Manley, War Labor Board, and
Dr. T. A. Wieser will speak. Dr. Rod
ney H. True, bureau of plant industry,
will preside. ,
B. I*. Wndtn, Hindoo Ifrtrntr, will
lecture tonight at the Trinity Com
munity House. 3d and C streets. Pub
lic invited.
The SonikFMt W. C. T. 17. will hold
its regular monthly meeting Tuesday
afternoon, 2 o'clock, at the Trinity M.
E. Church.
The Friend* of Iri*h Freedom will
hold a regular meeting tonight at 8
o'clock at 601 K street (entrance on
6th street). Senator Gronna of South
Dakota and William McK. Clayton
will speak.
I.ieut. Commander I,rwl* P. (lephane
will lecture on the "Mariner's Com
pass" Tuesday night at 8 o'clock un
der the auspices of the Potomac River
Power Squadron at the Corinthian
Yacht Club House.
"The Greatest of All Book*." nn in
teresting class, will meet every Mon
day evening at ":30 o'clock, begin
ning tomorrow, at the Y. W. C. A., 1333
F street.
The Theodore Roosevelt Pout, Amer
ican Legion. will give a dance Armis
tice night at 8:30 o'clock to all the
various posts of the legion in the1 city,
at the Elks' Hall, 919 H street.
The Went Virginia Noclet v of the
District of Columbia will meet Tues
day night at the Thomson School. 12th
and I? streets Renresentative Stuart
F. Reed of the third West Virginia
district, who recently was elected
| president of the society, will preside. |
Entertainment and dancing will fol- i
low the regular business. j
i
Rnbbi Simon wilf make nn addren*
on "The American Legion" at the
services at the Eighth Street Temple 1
this morning at 10:30 o'clock. Theo
dore Roosevelt Post and Betsy Ross
Post will attend in a body. All other
posts and the American Women's Le
gion are invited.
The Men'a Club of St. Lnke'a P. K.
Church will meet in the parish hall
Tuesday night at 8 o'clock. Members
are urged to attend.
The Red Triangle Ontinar Club will
go exploring this afternoon above
Great Falls on the Virginia side.
Lunch will be taken. Meet at 2 o'clock
AT THE COMMUNITY CENTERS.
Groups of people who wish to meet
as clubs or classes or for regular or
occasional civic, educational or social
activities may apply to their own
community secretary or to Cecil B.
Norton, general secretary. Franklin
School.
An organ recital by Dr. William
jStansfield, dean of the District Chap
ter of the guild, will be held this aft
ernoon at the Dunbar Civic Center,
1st and N streets. Dr. Stansfield will
be assisted by G. Sumner Wormley,
baritone soloist, and Lulu Howe Rob
inson, pianist.
The Community and Civic Centers
Band will have its regular rehearsal
at 3:30 this afternoon at the Garnet
Community.Center.
The E. V. Brown Center will have a
community song service to celebrate
Armistice day Tuesday night in the
new auditorium of the school.
Mrs. W. E. Braithwaite will sing
several solos at the meeting of the
Powell Community Association Tues
day evening. y
ORGANIZATION ACTIVITIES.
TODAY.
Sermon on "The American Legion"
by Dr. Simon at 10:30 o'clock. Eighth
Street Temple.
Meeting of *he lay alumni of the
Catholic University at 10 o'clock, at
222 C street.
Wanderlusters' hike will begin at
Georgia avenue and Butternut street
at 2:30 o'clock.
Vermont Club hike will commence j
at post office corner. North Capitol j
street, at 2:30 o'clock.
Meeting of the Theodore Koose- j
velt Post, No. 1. American Legion, at I
3 o'clock, in the Y. M. H. A. build- |
ing, 11th street and Pennsylvania
avenue.
TONIGHT.
Meeting of the Friends of Irish
Freedom at S o'clock at the old
Eagles' Hall. 601 K street.
at 36th and M streets. William
Tonne, leader.
The California State A KAOcintinn
will meet Thursdav night at 8 o'clock
at the Thomson School, 12tli and L
stroets. There will be a literary and
musical program and dancing.
The foreign delegate** to the inter
national labor conference will be
guests at a dinner to be given at the
New Willard tomorrow evening.
The nnnnnl meeting of the Wash
ington Hoard of Trade will be held
at the New ^Villard tomorrow even
ing. A buffet supper will be served.
The City Club will hold n meeting
at the New Willard Thursday even
ing. Buffet supper will be served.
The I'liiversity of IViinMyhnnin
[Club of tlu* District of Columbia will
i meet Tuesday night at S o'clock at
the University Club. Election of offi
cers will be held, followed by speeches
and movies of the university.
Dr. Philip Jn<?ohn of Philadelphia
will give an illustrated lecture on
Korea, under the auspices of the
Korean Relief Society. Thursday night
at 8 o'clock, at the Public Library.
:
i
Serving Oneself
Is more than satisfying as*
evidenced by the cheerful
faces of hundreds of our
patrons seen here daily.
The ?
United Cafeteria
Home Cookinn. PlrMlnR I'l-icm.
joio r st. N.w. r?23 nth st. -N.w.
BALTIC COMMISSION '
LEAVES FOR COURUND
Dispute in Paris Over Functions
and Composition Was
Drawn Out.
BY WILLIAM E. XASH.
By Cable to The Star and < hirajro
Daily >>wr. f'opyrijchf, 10I1K
PARIS, November 8.?The Baltic com
' mission, under the leadership of <Jen.
I Niessel, which left Paris for Courland,
[departed after a long dispute in the su
i preme council over its composition and
j functions. In American circles it was
announced today that the mission would
I have no political power whatever, and
I -
that the delegates had been instructed
.simply to watch over the evacuation of
the Baltic provinces by the German
troops, "phis would bring the affairs
more uhder the scope of enforcement of
armistice terms than carrying out the
peace treaty, and as such the partici
pation by an American delegate would
he Justified before the ratification of the
treatv by the Senate.
Brig. Gen. Sherwood A. Cheney, who
was appointed some time ago to rep
resent American Interests, has just
been reduced to the rank of lieuten
ant colonel, which he held in the Reg
ular Army in 1916. This makes him
the lowest ranking officer on the com
mission save the Japanese delegate,
who is a major. Gen. Niessei for
France was chosen by Premier Cleni
enceau only after Gen. Mangrin. the
hero of the French 10th Army, who
had been appointed to the post, and had
been given full instructions was mys
teriously removed. The affair has
created much comment in the French
newspapers, it being felt that the
mission is an important one. but that
It has not been given sufficient powers
properly to accomplish its object
If anything can be judged by prece
dents the task of this commission
will not be a pleasant one. A body
of generals similar In Character *aa
sent to Budapest to superintend tin
evacuation of that city by the Uu
manlan troops. They h&J no suc
cess. The Rumanians sniffed super
ciliously at all the "moral pressure"
they could bring to bear. Will th<- <ier
m&ns on the Baltic do otherwise? Al
ready they have proved refractory to the
supposed efforts of tlieir own govern
ment to remove them. Some of them
have even joined a Russian corps. By
what power of magic can the five al
lied officers induce them to obey the
orders of a shadowy council sitting
far away whose injunctions are al
ready disobeyed with Impunity by
others?
It matters little what it that you
want?whether a situation or a servant
?a want ad in The Star will nracli ine
person who will fill your need.
WTii/ Winter-time Refrigeration
Kelvinator
Refrigerates Without Ice
in Your Own Ice Box
WHAT is the real excuse
for refrigeration? Is it
merely to keep things cool
so that in being cool they
will be more palatable, or is it to
keep perishable foods from spoiling?
Mainly the latter, and here is where
many err when they discontinue the
use of refrigeration during the win
ter months and depend on the natural
cold of the season to keep food
cool. The micro-organisms that
are responsible for decay?those un
bidden guests that inhabit and live
on food in moist atmospheres at
temperatures above 50 degrees,
given free rein, produce active poi
sons that often impair the health of
the household winter and summer
alike. The real energetic germ
knows nothing of the eight-hour day
and goes on a strike only when his
working conditions are made unfa
vorable. To make these conditions
unfavorable and not impair its flavor
in the process, food must be kept
between 40 degrees and 50 degrees.
The temperature of your home thi*
winter?if you live in comfort?wili
be at least 70 degrees. How can you
keep food fresh and palatable then
without a continuation of the ice
worries of last summer? KKI.
YINATOR?the Electric Cold Pro
ducer for Any Ice Box?is the only
answer. It keeps food below the
danger point of germ activity be
cause it is colder than ice. It keeps
refrigerators dry because there is
no melting ice to saturate the at
mosphere.
WHEELER & CO.
James R. W hee!er Office and Salesrooms Samuel W. Barrow
1217 Eye Street N.W. Phone Main 272.
'mm
Pennsylvania
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It's an honor and does honor to be a mem
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Seventh
Street
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