Evening star. [volume], January 10, 1920, Image 1

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
WEATHER.
Fair tonight; tomorrow fair and
warmer.
Temperature for twenty-four hours
ended 2 p.m. today: Highest, 46, at 6:20
p.m. yesterday; lowest, 30, at 8 a.m. to
day.
Full report on page 11.
Closing New York Stocks, Page 11.
WITH SUNDAY MORNING EDITION
No. 27,653.
WASHINGTON, 1). C., SATURDAY, JANUARY 10,
.Member of the Associated Press
The Associated Press Is exclusively entitled to
the use for republication of al! news dispatchea
credited to it or not otherwise credited in this
paper and also the local news published herein.
Al! rights of publication of ep*?<*5aJ
dispatches herein are also reserved.
Yesterday's Net Circulation, 97,991
1920. - T WENTY-FO UR PAG ES.
TWO CENTS.
TOT OF PEACE
NOW !N EFFECT;
FROTOCOL SIGNED
Ratification Exchange Cere
monies in French Foreign
Office Completed at 4:15.
LEAGUE OF NATIONS
BEGINS JANUARY 16
Clemenceau Assures Germany That
Allies Do Not Intend to Injure
Teutons' Economic Interests.
the Associated Press.
PARIS. January 10?The treaty of
Versailles, making peace between Ger
Jnany and the ratifying allied powers,
?was put into effect a.t 4:15 o'clock this
afternoon by the exchange of ratifica
tions.
The entire ceremony, which took place
jn the clock hall at the French foreign
ministry, was completed at 4:15 o'clock.
Previously Karon Kurt von Lersner,
read of the German mission, signed the )
protocol of November 1, providing for
r? pa rat ion for the sinking of the German |
"warships at Scapa Flow and to insure
the carrying: out of the armistice terms, i
The s:gning of this document occurred !
in the office of the minister of foreign j
affairs. \'on Lersner, the head of the !
<rman mission, atlixed his signature to'
the protocol at 4:C? o'clock.
I faRiie Functions* Soon.
T he putting of the league of nations I
into being. which will be one of the 1
fmn? diate consequences of the ex- j
change of ratifications of the treatv ?
<?; Versailles, will ocnir ;n Paris a*t i
1< ?<> o elock in the morning* of Fri- I
<?: y. January l?j. the supreme council !
f!? ? 'ded tod iv.
basmdor Wallace cabled this de- i
; 1 of the council k> President!
W :-<?n so that the President might
the forma] notice of the meet- '
ir.sr of ihe council of the league to be
h' M on the date named.
The first meeting of the council will
> .; ;l-d to order and presided over w
by Leon Rourgeoise, the representa
tive of Kr. i:u- in the council. He will
Of ive- i i-rie; address. Karl e^urzon.
the British foreign secretary, who
will represent Great Britain at the
meeting, also will speak.
tine* Hon of IVarc Relation*.
Althougn the exchange of ratifica
ti?" ..f ; he Versailles treaty this aft
? rn-? on was the final act that restored
before-* hr-war relations between
(i-Ti'iviny a .-id France, no arrange
i1 ? nts ) ??.',-> been made by Germany,
so far as can be ascertained here, to
resume peace relations with this
country.
R : rts having b^en circulated un
c ?: v: ? d for some time to the ef
f. : - Kurt von Lersner. head of'
tr Oersnan delegation, would be des- .
2 - *- *: man -i.artv (
> h d become accepted as a.
T 1 told th*- Associated Press '
tod bad been nined for the
; r.d was ;n utter ignorance of
' -C '."fc'.iior of the government. He 1
? ? '1 r? p< rts that at the head of
th.- n e delegation he would leave;
its ?-.rt-'s on Avenue Bourdonnais
lo? th o;d embassy after the signa
ture th*- protocol.
< lemezieeau'K Letter.
AH"r the exchange of ratifications
oi" the treaty Premier Clemenceau
tended to Baron von Lersner the fol-,
lowing b tier:
"Pans. January 10. Now that the I
pro? >1 p. ov ;ded for by the note of I
Xov^,; her - has been signed by qual
ified j pr- s-i.*ativ'-s of the German
goven . ? nt arid in consequence the
ratiflcatii m oi the treaty of Ver- ;
sat'?? -s h ive been deposited. the '
a Lied rr.d associated powers wish to !
ren a to the German government
their assurance that while necessary 1
reparations for the sinking of the I
' m fV ? t i Sea pa Flow will be
exact, d. they do not intend to injure
til- vital economic interest of Ger
many. < >n this point, by this letter.
th?*y confirm the declaration which
the general secretary of the peace
com ; ?? renc was charged with maki ng ';
oraiiy to the president of the German
delegation on December 23."
The letter gives details of the com
pensation for the vessels sunk in!
Scapa Ffow as modified, which al
ready have bt en made public.
President to Issue
Ca!l for First League
Meeting at Once
President Wilson is expected to sign
the e:; il for the first meeting of the ,
1? agu- of nations council immediate
};. af ? receiving notice from Ambas
sador \Vnl:ac that lite first session
1 b?-i . fi\-d for next Friday. The
' >1 S- ? : < s. 1:we ver. will not be
i' pre.-t!iied -t th" meeting, as the
t r* : 'I s not yet been ratified by
th. S":ate.
? for li " President to issue
; t? ? r \)initial meeting of the
car?. :> ? rule in th. peace treaty,
? d < t! ? a Is explained that in sign
ing th call Mr Wilson would not be j
a-tT.g :?i hi - i-.acity a: President;
of the United States.
ie. t in- l. to force of the treaty
thr-'T- ex< iiH'lur of ratification to
*hi \ ?' ?i Gr< at 1-Jritain. France,
Italy German;, will not a flee t the
l.'i.ireo Slates, officials said. While'
t? elm km ! 1 y the state of war between
this country and Germany still exists.
1 between the countries was re- I
sum? . months ago and is stead- .
i part a. uh- rly the export
1 !) '.r 5 from th. I'nited States.
The r ted States however, will not
1 : n: ;m:\ of the various
c " n 1 ors set up 1 \ the treaty for
? its ;-rii'S nor can this
? ??!!:!?> s ? !:' i eoiisular agents into
( unt)i the state of war is
? ' i?? ?!.
Hegret Over America's
Absention Voiced by
Press of Britain
LONDON. January 10? Regret over!
America's absention from participat
ing in the ratification of the treaty of
"\e >Tilr > tg*ti?> ? xpressed in Vdi
tori:<l: printed in this niorning's !
liewsp ipers.
"Am? r.ea's absence," savs the Tele- i
graj>h < oni.ls alik? the prospect of
th- present and U future. It weak- i
? r .- p.ofou..-11> the moral authority of
t - .gue ol nations and " onsequent
Ijr th< sense ol security regarding the
? I?at ? hi i ii Instead of new
1 ' !t-' ? > the world's future
g ii.i starid r.u r-:idy ami complete
waiting only motive power to set it
- !! l' nia not yet p^ut to
' '' ' ' ' ? ei Stai.-s still stands
i' n- allies have waited until
'"ould ua:t no longer, find must
now go forw.ird alone, deeply sensible
of the loss they have sustained, but
still hoping ti^at sooner or later they
m ill be rejoii.ed by the great repub
lic.
Tne Daily News contends: "A new
? orld r?rder from which America, or,
' or thrit matter, Germany or Russia
1 Continued ou Kighth Pa^e.j
As a result of an investiprat ion by
the Department of State of the kill
in? of James "Wallace, an American
citizen, by a Mexican soldier near
Tampico, November 26, the Secre
tary of State has sent telegraphic
instructions to the American embas*
sy at Mexico City to make energetic
representations to the Mexican gov
ernment for "the speedy and ade
quate punishment of the murderer of
Wallace."
Wallace was shot by a Mexican
soldier after his mule shied at a ma
chine gun the soldier was guarding
and overturned it. Th" claim was
made that the American was intoxi
cated. but the ?State Department an
nounced today that its ir.vestigiiPon
disclosed that Wallace was sober,
and that the colonel commanding
the Mexican troops had stated that
the soldier who fired the shot was
under the influence of liquor.
BERGER BARRED
FROM HOUSE FOR
THE MOM
Wisconsin Socialist Refused
Seat, Despite His Recent
Re-Election.
I
IS RULED INELIGIBLE
UNDER CONSTITUTION j
Vote Against Applicant Is 328 to !
6?Representative Mann
Speaks in His Defense.
Victor Berger. socialist representa- !
tive-elect from Milwaukee, was tie- j
nied a seat in the House today for (
the second time.
The vote was 32S to 6. The six j
who voted to seat Mr. Berger were: .
Representatives Griffin of New York.
Harreld of Oklahoma. Mann of Illi
nois. Sherwood of Ohio. Sisson of
Mississippi and Yoigt of Wisconsin,
the latter being the only man who
voted in favor of Berger when the
same question was up the first time.
Representative Sabath of Illinois was
present, but did not vote.
Berger declared in a statement
after the vote that the House action
was "one of the worst attacks on
the representative form of govern- ;
rnent ever witnessed in this country." j
"It is inwUiy a denial of the right of
people to elect the citizen of their |
choice," he added.
At?k? to Be Sworn In.
Berger apreared and asked to be sworn j
two months to a day after he had ;
been denied his seat on the grounds .
"that he gave aid and comfort to \
the enemy."
Before Berger, who recently was i
re-elected, could be recognized. Chair- .
man Dallinger of the elections com- !
mittee offered a resolution proposing j
denial of a seat to him on the same
ground which caused his first rejec
tion.
The resolution said Berger present
ed his credentials "to till the vacancy
caused by his own ineligibility;" that
the same facts exist now which the
House determined made him ineligi
ble to a seat, and that he be declared
not entitled to a seat.
1 onwtitutionnl Bar.
Speaking to his resolution Chair
man Daliinger said Berger was ex
cluded the first time "not because of
his so-called radical views, not be
cause he js a socialist, but because he
is ineligible to membership under
provisions of the Constitution."
"This will disqualify him perma- j
nently," he added. "The people of '
Wisconsin may re-elect him and there j
are some who contend that if the peo
ple want him in Congress he is en - !
titled to a seat, but a man excluded
as Berger has been can never be i
eligible for membership."
Representative Mann of Illinois sup
ported Burger's claim, declaring that
Berger was elected anew by a ma
jority. and that the question was
whether a representative lorm of gov
ernment should be retained inviolate.
"This is not an enviable task." Mr.
Mann said. "I do not share Berger's j
views. But Berger believes there'
should be fundamental changes in the j
government. His people, his constitu-,
ents desire him. It is our duty to ac
cept him. When we propose to meet
arguments by force we are losing
str? nj^th."
When Representative Mann had
concluded there as insistent demand
for . an immediate vote. Chairman
Da.linger asked unanimous consent to
permit Berger to speak for ten min
utes, but a score of members objected.
SAYS SHOT WAS ACCIDENTAL.
Oil Company Explains How Gabriel
Porter Was Killed in Mexico.
SAN ANTONIO, Tex., January 10.
Gabriel Porter, an American em
ployed by the Penn-Mexico Oil Com
pany, who was killed at Tux pa in.
Mexico, December 21, was shot acci
dentally by a Mexican federal officer,
according to letters from officials of
the oil company received by Porter's
son here. Porter was returning from
a dance with the officer, who was in
toxicated, the letters said.
A copy of the report of C. L. Car
ter. acting American consul at Tux
pam, and reports of Mexican and
private investigations all agree that
the shooting was accidental, accord
ing to advices here.
AUTO BANDITS' HAUL, $10,000.
Steal Jewelry With Police Only
Twenty Yards Distant.
PHILADELPHIA, Pa.. January 10.?
; Three automobile bandits last night
broke a show window in the store of
j i Press & Sons at 8th and Chestnut
; streets here and got away with jew
| elry valued at $10,000, while a police
j man and the store detective stood only
| twenty yards away.
As the automobile moved slowly
past the store two of the men leaped
j out smashed the window with an iron
bar. grabbed the jewelry and then ran
i down the street and hopped into the
(automobile. The detective fired at the
, bandits, but apparently without effect.
$5,500,000 for Vanderbilt Home.
| NEW YOKK, January 10.?The Cor
nelius Vanilerbile home, fronting 5th
avenue from 57th to r.sth street, has
been sold for $5,500,000 cash.' It was
said that the residence will make way
for a $20,000,000 structure, the nature
ol wlncU ha.u uul been iliscloscd.
Tax Rate Plus Full Valuation
Not a Safe or Accurate
;
Measure.
PER CAPITA TAX LEVY
THE SAFEST STANDARD
"Minority" Report on Mapes Bill
Sets Forth thr Soundest
Principle.
THEODORE W. NOYES.
[ Kdi* tr:.iI Corresjwinlence of The S!;ir. I
I
| What is the reliable yardstick for
| measuring accurately the comparative
i tax burdens ot' cities?
Can it be made by joining tax rate
to assess* d valuation of taxable prop
erty. when full valuation is command
\ ed by law.' Or by joining tax rate
10 full valuation of taxable property,
j as reported, estimated or guessed by
Tom. Dick and Harry, officially or un
j officially?
Is there any other reliable method
I of measurement than by comparison
! of the dollars of actual tax levies and I
I tax receipts in the respective cities
i which constitute -their real tax bur
|dens?
The nominal majority of the House
District committee have adopted the
[ tax rate-plus-alleged-full-valuation
standard of measurement. The nom
inal minority repudiate this yardstick j
as fluctuating in length, worthless and
misleading, and insist upon measuring
relative lax burdens by comparing the
dollars of the tax money actually
levied or collected in the various ;
cities and per capitas based upon and i
derived from these dollars of actual j
tax burden.
Representative Mapes. reporting I
favorably upon his bill to repeal the i
half-and-half law. says for the nomt- j
nal majority of the committee that ;
"the taxes paid by the residents of i
the District of Columbia, based upon j
a true valuation of their property, are ;
very much less than the taxes, figured ;
upon th- same basis, paid by the resi- ;
dents of any other city of the United j
States which approached Washington j
in population and advantages.
? Its (Washington's) tax rate is
about one-half the tax rate of the I
average city of its size in the United j
States, based upon the same valua- ;
tion of its property.
"It requires no extensive argument j
to convince the impartial student of j
affairs that the citizens of no other ,
city in the United States which ap- |
proaches Washington in size or ad- .
vantages enjoys anywhere near as ;
low taxes as do th^se of the District '
of Columbia. The truth of that state
ment ha3 been demonstrated time and
time again and the experience of
those who pay taxes in other mu
nicipalities confirms it."
How "l ndrrlulng" la Shown.
The "demonstrations" of this al
leged undertaxing of the Washing
tonian have been based on compari- .
sons of tax rates, modified by guesses .
at the relation of assessed to true!
value in the different cities. The real I
ilemonstration of the census figures.;
of the confessions of tax officials and >
of practical experience is that the re
ports of what constitutes true valua
tion in the various states and cities. |
with few exceptions, vary widely from j
the truth and from one another, and ;
are absolutely unreliable and mislead- !
ing as an accurate standard of nyas
uring comparative tax burdens.
The confirming "experiences of
those who pay taxes In other mu
nicipalities" were much in evidence
in the recent House committee hear
ings. and. coming from members of
the District or appropriations com
mittees, evidently constituted the
foundation upon which the report is
based. For instance. Representative
Lanham reported that in respect to
a $4.ij0<> Texas property he paid a tax
rate of $31! per $1,000 on "full valua
tion." Representative Drane report
ed that on "full valuation" Jackson
ville, Kla.. paid $33.33 per thousand;
Tampa and Lakeland. Fla.. $30 per
thousand. Representative Sisson report
ed lhat on "full valuation" Winona,
Miss., paid $42.50 per $1,000; Rouisville.
Kv? $27.20; Memphis, Tenn., $34.80, and
Dallas. Tex.. $2?.7<?.
Since Washington pays $1.50 on "not
less than two-thirds" of full valuation, ;
it is concluded that the cities named
bear tax burdens twice, three times and j
four times that of Washington, and that j
the capital is, therefore, only half taxed j
or one-third taxed or one-fourth taxed, j
Meanurc Plainly Faulty.
Rut there are two other alternative I
conclusions that one may reach; (1) ;
That th- yardstick of measurement is ,
faulty and does not measure accurate
ly; or (2) that if the cities named are
really so mui-li more heavily .tax-bur- j
dcr.ed than Washington, the latter is not
undertaxed, but the former are grossly
and inexcusably overtaxed.
Ret us take the cities of a western,
a northern and a southern state which,
like Washington, have a low rate and
a high standard of assessment, and com
p.'i.' their tax burdens measured by the;
Sisson yardstick with those of the sain- '
pie cities cited in House committee "ex- j
perience meeting."
If this comparison demonstrates
that these sample cities of Florida,
Mississippi. Texas and Kentucky are
taxed twice and three times aj
heavily as all the cities of Ohio, Rhode ;
Island and Virginia, as well as the
District of Columbia, will not the in
evitable conclusion be either that the
District committee's sample cities are
grossly and shamefully overtaxed or
(Continued oil Third Rage.)
Pictorial
' News of the
World
The Rotogravure Section
of tomorrow's Star is a won- *
derful accomplishment in the
art of printing?reproduc
tions of photographs that
challenge comparison. The
subject matter is carefully
selected from the best and
most unusual work of a
corps of photographers who
"cover" the entire world.
Among the Editorial Sec
tion features will be Kay
Stannard Baker's article,
"Quack Remedies for Indus
trial Tils"; "Why Depart
ment of Justice Thinks Cost
of Living Is Coming Down"
and "Members of Congress
as Producers."
In
Tomorrow's Star
"Break" Unlikely to Affect
Final Settlement of Treaty
Question.
BY DAVID LAHHKVCE.
This is the story of Bryan versus
Wilson.
Once upon a time Woodrow Wilson,
college president, wrote a letter ex
pressing the profound hope that some
body would knock the political per
sonality of William Jennings Bryan
into "a cocked hat." Tlje commoner
had Just come hack from a'trip around
the world and advocated what then
seemed socialistic doctrine ? namely,
government ownership of railroads. I
Not more than four years later Mr. j
Wilson, President-elect of the 1'nited I
States, was resolving that for the I
benefit of party solidarity bygones i
had better be bygones, and that the '
man who helped swing the Baltimore '
convention for a progressive candi- I
date coulld not he ignored. So he |
made him Secretary of State.
Despite the inevitable conflict ex- ]
pected to arise daily between the two !
men they managed to stay affiliated j
for about two years. Then they broke. !
Mr. Wilson wanted to send and did I
send a note to Germany over the !
sinking of the I^usitania and plainly
implied the use of force to compel
compliance with American demands.
Mr. Bryan abhorred the idea of war
and resigned. Nevertheless in the
campaign of 1916 Brother Bryan went
from the Mississippi river to the Pa
cific coast extolling Mr. Wilson on the
he-kcpt-us-out-of-war platform.
Tendency Tannrd Kcunlo>i.
For a little while there was a tend
ency toward reunion. Occasionally Mr.
Bryan dropped In at the White House,
left his card, expressed a few thoughts!
if the President happened to be in.i
or wrote long memoranda if he wasn't. |
Presently the answers and acknowl-l
edgments got fewer and fewer anil the
commoner became correspondingly
discouraged. After the armistice he
hoped to have something to do with
the peace negotiations and even made
some suggestion about the personnel
of the American peace commission.
Mr. Bryan complained to his friends
later that since his advice wasn't ap-;
parently welcome, he wouldn't offer it i
any more. And he said sundry other!
things about the unwisdom of ig-|
noring the republican party in the;
make-up of the peace mission and tilt
terrible incumberance which the
democratic party was being compelled
to bear in the form of Wilson arbi
trariness and self-sufficiency. Indeed.
Mr. Bryan's observations differed very
little from what one might hear in
the republican cloakroom, only the
commoner wept as a parent over the!
errant ways of the democratic child, j
while the republicans rejoiced over|
the discomfort of their chief oppo
nent.
Again and again Mr. Bryan told his
friends that the President should ac
cept reservations to the peace treaty.
This conclusion he reached after a
careful examination of public opinion.
He deemed it much more effective help
for. the President to say that the
treaty should be ratified with rcser-1
vations than to argue for unqualified j
adoption and be dismissed by the
press as a mere echo of the Wilson'
chorus.
Hon I'rearhed Renervntloim.
Mr. Bryan's idea when he resigned
from the cabinet was that he could
help Mr. Wilson outside the cabinet
by building up a public opinion
against war that would :iid Mr. Wilson
inside the cabinet. So Mr. Bryan has
been preaching reservations. And now
because Mr. Wilson isn't willing to
compromise?though Mr. Bryan thinks
the country wants compromise?the
commoner plans to go on helping the
President by building up a public
opinion that will help the President
see how wrong he is.
Another thing: Mr. Bryan cam
paigned In 1912 with repeated men
tion of the single-trrm plank of the
Baltimore convention. Soldier-like,
he accepted the verdict of the St.
I.ouis convention in 1918. not even be
ing a delegate. Privately he hadn't
changed his view that one term was
enough. Anyway, he campaigned for
democratic success.
When Mr. Wilson failed to say
definitely on liis return from Europe
that he wasn't a candidate for a third
term, Mr. Bryan grew lestive and im
patient. And so he fin. ily decided to
help the President again, this time
by teling his fellow democrats what
the issues should be. so that they
could pick their man to fit the issues.
As veteran politician of the party,
as candidate for the presidency on
the democratic ticket in 1S96, when
everybody being mentioned for the
presidency today had not even been
heard of in public life, Mr. Bryan
considered himself entitled to say a
few words.
Mr. Wilson says h? Is willing to
allow the country to decide the treaty
lasue at "a solemn referendum." Mr.
r (Continued onTSlghth l'age.)7T
PROSPECT OF RESUMING
ICE SKATING TOMORROW
Ice skating probably will be resumed
at the tidal basin tomorrow morning.
Officials said today that unless there
is an unusual thawing this evening,
which is not expected, the ice would
be in condition for skating at the
time stated.
AHTI HALF-AND-HALF
Chairman Mapes' Measure Is Op
posed by 9 of 12 Republican
Committeemen.
Tlie half-and-half system of financing
the National Capital will be threshed out
in the House Monday. Chairman Mapes
of the House District committee said
today that he would call up Monday his
bill which proposes to abolish the time
hoirored hal?-and-h?lf system. House
l.eader Mondell said that no effort will
be made to set aside District day for
the unfinished post oflice appropriation
bill or any other landing legislation.
Chairman Mapes faces an unusual
condition in attempting to force his
bill through the House, as he is op
posed by nine of the twelve republican
members of his own committee, and is
making his appeal to the democratic
minority in order to pass this measure.
The nine republican members who
are lighting the .Mapes bill and who
will make speeches in favor of con
tinuation of the half-and-half system
are Representatives Lienjamin K.
Focht of Pennsylvania, l.oron K '
Wheeler of Illinois. Norman J. Could
of New York. Stuart F. Iteed of West 1
Virginia. Frederick N. Zihlman of
.Maryland, Frank Murphy of Ohio. Kd
win P. Hays of Missouri, Clark
Burdiek of Rhode Island and Thomas1
S. Williams of Illinois. The three re-I
publicans in favor of the bill are I
Representatives Carl K Map'es of!
Michigan. Florian A. l,ampert of!
vY lsconsin and Anderson. H. Walters 1
of Pennsylvania. |
Representative Could, who is takin
an active interest in the light, and
who has during his term in Congress
taken an especial interest in the mu
nicipal affairs or the National Capital !
will have control of the time for
those opposed to the Mapes bill There
are so many anxious to make speeches
on this matter that .Mr. Gould said to
day he would have difficulty in grant-'
? ng time to all those who want to !
express their views. <
Representative .Stevenson of South
< arolina and other minority members!
have pledged themselves to assist the
opposition.
$25,000,000 FOR P0WEH
PLANT FOR D. C., IS PLAN
ate by Senator Norris of Nebraska i
would appropriate $25,00(1.000 to be
used in constructing a water-power'
project at f.reat Falls on the Potomac
nver to furnish light and heat and
power for the people of Washington.
The amendment provides that the fed
eral power commission provided for in
the water-power bill shall be directed
to construct this power plant within
one >ear after the approval of the act
I he commission is directed to a'c
?luire by purchase or condemnation a
suitable site for the dam or damo re
quired, and for the purchase of all
oilier real estate necessary to carrv
out the project.
FIREMEN'S INCREASE PAY
BILL CONFEREES NAMED
The Senate has appointed conferees
on the firemen's increase pay bill and
it is expected that they will meet
with representatives of the House
early next week in an effort to reach
an adjustment of the differences be
tween the two houses.
The Senate conferees are Senators
(""alder of New York, Sherman of J
Illinois and Sheppard of Texas. Sen
ator ('aider is out of town today,
but is expected to return Monday!
When the Senate passed the House
bill it reduced the increases allowed
by the House. In conference it is ex
pected increases more nearly appoach
ing those allowed by the House Willi
be agreed upon.
TIRES OF SITTING IN CELL, i
Grover C. Bergdoll, Wealthy De- j
serter Suspect. Wants Work.
NEW YORK, January 10.?drover
Cleveland Bergdoll, son of a wealthy I
Philadelphia family, who is a prisoner !
at Fort Jay charged with desertion.
aft?*r having been chased nearly two
years by federal officers, asked today
to be allowed to work with the other
prisonehs. Labor has not been re
quired of him because he has not been
Convicted.
Bergdoll told his counsel he was
tired sitting in his cell, and envied '
the men he saw shoveling coal out- I
side. His request will be granted. It
was said.
SENATORS MAKE
! FURTHER EFFORT
TO COMIH
President's Statement Has
Not Changed Treaty Situa
tion, It Is Believed.
After a day of groping around to
see where the President's Jackson day
statement regarding the peace treaty
leaves that important document.
? democratic and republican senators
today settled down to further confer
ences in an effort to reach a compro
mise on the pact.
The compromise reservation, sub
mitted several days ago to the repub
lican mild reservationists by Senator
Kendriek of Wyoming, which was
| said to have considerable support on
j the democratic side, today was still
! before the republicans. These reser
vations more nearly approach the so
called Lodge reservations than anv
| heretofore submitted by lhe demo
I crats.
Plans were on foot for a meeting of
representatives of the various groups
| of republicans for the purpose of con
sidering these reservations aud mak
j ir.g changes thought to be necessary
before handing them back 10 the
i democrats.
Hesrard Situation I nrhanged.
The judgment of many of the sena
tors. including Senator Hitchcock of
Nebraska, administration leader, and
? Senator McNary of Oregon, one of the
mild reservationists. was that the
I President's statement had not changed
I the situation materially, since he had
merely reiterated statements made bv
him ill the past. In fact. th*? mention
of reservations, though merely re
, ferred to as interpretative reserva
tions in the President's statement, was
seized upon as a straw showing that
the. door was not closed to compromise
reservations.
(in the other hand some of the ad
ministration Heritors frankly admitted
they saw little chance of success in
the efforts to bring about ratifica
tion.
"What is the use of passing a rati
fication resolution." said one of these
senators, "which we know that th??
President will not accept? He will
merely pigeonhole tin treaty and w.
will be in the same position that we
were before. It is apparent to all
that the republicans will insist upon
reservations similar to those adopted
by the Senate last session which the
President will not accept."
Agw With Col. Hrjnti.
There is 110 doubt that many of the
democratic senators, probably a large
majority of them, agree with Col.
Hryan's attitude on the treaty, ex
pressed at the Jackson day banquet.
They want the treaty ratified and the
country returned to a peace basis.
| They are willing to take the Senate
reservations if they have to. it hap
pens that Col. Bryan expressed their
sentiments exactly, rather than that
they are bolting the administration to
follow Col. Bryan.
The difficulty is that they don't see
where they are going to obtain any
advantage by following such a course
as long as the titular head of their
party, the President, persists in op
posing these Senate reservations.
Senator Underwood is still waiting
to see if the present informal confer
ence on the treaty will produce a
compromise. He repeated, however,
that if they do not. he will endeavor
to call up his resolution providing for
a special committee on conciliation
consisting of ten senators in an effort
to obtain a compromise.
NAVAL AWARD PROBE
DECLINED BY HOUSE
The House naval committee today
declined an invitation of the Senate
naval committee for a joint congres
sional investigation for war-time service,
naval decorations for wartime service.
The Senate committee already has
appointed a subcommittee to make an
inquiry.
2,000,000 POLES DEAD
SINCE WAR'S OUTBREAK
WARSAW. January 9.?More than
I 000.000 civilians have died in Poland
since the outbreak of the war. and
20 per cent of the country's present
population of 20.000,000 are refugees,
according to figures made public here
by the American Ked Cross. Thry are
based on a survey made to show that
the burden of war has fallen more
heavily 011 civilians than on the mil
itary.
The location of Poland between hos
tile armies is described as responsible
fbr the large number of refugees, as
armies sweep back and forth and the
inhabitants are forced to evacuate
their homes again and again. The Red
Cross estimate of 4.000,000 as the
number thus driven from their homes
Is held to be very conservative by
.lgadiiiB Polish..statesmen.
?
PUT $18136,413
INTO WAITS FIDS
Figures Prepared by Star
Cover Available Records;
Others Not Compiled.
Records compile*! today from offi
cial figures show how :he ;-nv rnmrnt
clerks ";:;ivc to the utmost" toward
al! patriotic fin ds?' I r, , 1 ??una. K? <1
Cross, t'nitcd Yvir Work ? upaiqn.
! Kvi./hts of <Yj :::??? M- r;'?
j Christian Association and other
From the latest avaii:ib!?
:t T hJ hy T V- St?', r, ;? ? . ?. ?mi
|8? rated that at leas: * r?; :. 1
| ha:? cjtiie out of lh? pock?: <?' gov
ernment *mp ?> .?? during h?- u .tr . :\A
in 11sfirs: days of reconstruction, for
patriotic campaigns. This sum d<-<s
not represent all the money c :tri? -
utcd by Kovirnment employes; i; is
simply th^ most compN-' ? record
available. It does not include the de
partments of Labor and Justice, c.vil
i Service Commission or Shipping
, Hoard, records of which have not
j been completed.
i Temporary organizations. such as
i the food administration, fuel admin
istration. commission on training
I camp activities, and the W,ir Trade
i Hoard, where it is not possible to ob
tain the records of achi'-v-nu t in
! so f.*r as contributing to i 11riot :?.?
| causes is concerned. sw-lb d ?:".e total,
it is believed, to more than ?.v0 (?' ?>.
! 000.
j \avy Department read*.
From the fierures obtainable. the
Nav y Department heads the ! i ?= t <>f
departments in the contribution to
war-tiirp funds and campaigns. A to
tal of SI 11.030.1*1.?2 was contributed
1 by Navy Department employes to the
I various activities.
In the 191S Red Cross membership
drive. Navy I >ep? rt men* employes
pave -5934; Red <'rr ss membership
'' i \ e. IS 19. 15.322 01 second Red
Cross war fund. $!?> ? united war
work campaign. $-"? 907.4*: first lib
erty loan ?3 00*\000: second liberty
? loan. $11,000 000: third iib^rty loan.
| $1 s.624.700: fourth liberty loan. $4f.
! 239.600; fifth Iib^r'y loan, pprr ?> -
I mately. $30,000,000; war savings
stamps. S120.709.91.
War Office Heeord.
The avpliable fipures showine th<?
?activity of V.'ar nerartm^r.t employes
Jin contributing to the various uatrfc
' otic funds eiv- a total for th s pur
! pose of 1 :? 874.23.
| Contributions to the 1918 Red Cross
membership drive were $4,3.>S: l'*19
j Red '"toss membership drive. j7''44:
! secord Red Cross war fund, $21.086 27:
j united war work camraipn. $36,488.16:
first libertv loan, no record; s- coni
' libertv loan. $2,815,500; third liberty
'loan. $7.074.700; fourth liberty loan.
$14,341,400: tifth liberty loan. upward
iof $30,000,000; war savings stamps.
J48.397.80.
Trra?arj- Department.
I The Treasury Department "mnloyes
I likewise pushed their contributions
! to the war-time activities well over
, I the million-dollar mark, contributing
. S11.037.239.47. Here is the record of
employes of that department:
! i;ed" Cross membership drive for
! 1 !> 1S. 54..".0: Red '"ross membership
driv. for 1919. $1 1 531.60; Knights of
Columbus war fund. $938.5t?: Young
Chrlsth'ti Ass'Viation w:c- i ir.d
Sl.9CO.7S: Emergency Hospital fund
drive. $991.82: second Red Cress war
fund. 545,051.83: united war work
campaign. $46.774 75: Treasury ;iu\
iliarv 1917. $27,986 "4 : T; sury aux
iliarv fund for 1918. S30.393.S1: first
liberty loan, $509,300: second liberty
loan. #723.250; third liberty loan. *1.
463.100; fourth 11- rty loan. $5,067.
1905: fifth liberty loan. $3,066,450: war
savings stamps. ->249.869.92: Salvation
Army campaign fund. $'.'.429.27.
in the united war work campaign
numerous pledges taken by Treasury
Department employes to ;:?ve to that
cause remain t'upaid. Th-s pledges to
tal approximately $12.000. Tln*y ar?
gradually being paid into the fund, it
was said.
Interior Employe*.
Employes of the Department of the
Interior raised throughout the war ana
immediate!;, following the armistice a
total of approximately $9,752,150,08.
. Interior Department employes contrib
j uted $3,746 to the 1918 Red Cross mem- ,
I bership campaign: 1919 Red Cross mem
bership campaign. $2,979: second Red j
j Cross war fund, $22.GSS.09: Knights of j
1 Columbus war fund, $435.20: Young j
| Men's Christian Association war fund'
; campaign. $3.7:0.19; Erflorgencv Hospi
tal fund. $524.!6: united \v:ir work cam
paign. $15,809.47: fi:>t liberty loan. $t;St.
100: second liberty loan. $1,766,000: third
liberty loan. $2,325,300; fourth liberty
? loan. *$2,769,400; fifth liberty Nan. more}
! than $2,000,000; war savings stamps, ,
| $177,477.67.
I*. O. Department Contribution*.
The Cost Office Department, if one
i takes into consideration the activities of
! its field employes as apart from the ad
ministrative employes in Washington,
did excellent work ill fosterin.r patriot
ism throughout the country. Not only
; did it contribute liberally to aii patriotic
j drives, but its employes literally took
I part in almost every endeavor which
i tended to win the war.
! It is estimated by i'ost Office Dej>art- '
j ment officials that fully S3 per cent of
| all the war savings stamps in th" coun
' try were sold by employes of the depart - J
, ment. One postman personally sold ami '
j delivered $160,000 worth of war savings j
i stamps and thrift stamps, and there ;
were many similar cases of noteworthy
individual effort in every branch of the ,
1 service.
I 1l is stated that more than $75,000.
000 has been contributed by employes:
of the Post Office Department?field;
; and administrative?to every drive for
war funds that was inaugurated Tnel
i administrative end of the postal serv - 1
? ice. consisting exclusively of employes
located in Washington, gave a total of
$714.018.>.5.
! The apportionment of this list fol-j
j lows:
Red Cross membership campaign for |
11918. $563.50; Red Cross membership1
I campaign for 1919. $9GS;.Youn.^ Men's ?
Christian Association war fund,
$366.35; second Red Cross war fund.
$8,422.59: united war work campaign
t fund. $2,800.76; first liberty loan drive
I $63,600: second liberty loan. $146,000;
third liberty loan, $12i?.350; fourth
1 libertv loan. $174,050; fifth liberty
I loan $181,500: first Red Cross war
i fund. $1,537.35; war savings stamps,;
$8,820.30.
State Department.
The State Department employes,
contributed a total of $500,949.66 to)
all war-time activities.
For the 1918 Red Cross membership.
I campaign, employes of the State De-(
partment raised $150; 1919 Red Cross1
membership campaign. $248; s-cond
Red Cross war fund. $2,421 50; united
war work campaign fund. $999.50; first
liberty loan, $6,900: second liberty
loan. $74,550: third liberty loan.
$149 150: fourth liberty loan. $125,400;
fifty liberty loan, approximately.
$135,000; war savings stamps. $?.
i 130.66.
Trade C'omml?*ionj flnilrondK.
i The Federal Trade Commission em
ployes gave a total of $322,323.50, ap
portioned as follows:
First liberty loan campaign, no rec- j
ord; second liberty loan, $56,000; third I
liberty loan, $92,000; fourth liberty
loan. $98,600: fifth liberty loan. $55,
650; second Red Croas war fund, $1S.
t (.Continued ou KigliUi i'&ge.j
M GLASS SEEKS
EUROPEAN RELIEF
Says U. S. Assistance in Aus
tria, Poland and Armenia
Is Imperative.
Authority to advano $ 1 .",0.000,000
for food relief in Austria, Poland and
Art.unia was ask*d of Gon^r* ss today
Secret . iy Glass.
Mr. Glass .said this r;n. unt would
relieve the situation until n?*xt fall.
Assistance b\ the United States "is
if: i"-rativ? Iy required." he said, t?? ai
b viate "a desperate situation" affect
ing millions of J.i.
I nd? r the plan proposed by the
Secretary the loans would b?- made
out of the $1,000,000,000 wheat guar
anty fund and would be used in estab
lishing credits in this country not
only for Austria, Poland and Arn:?-nia.
but for other suffering countries.
Need* of ( ountrie*.
1'' land needs $50,000,000 worth of
grain. Austria $70,000,000 of food
stuffs. Armenia $1,000.00" of iktur.
and other parts of Europe, outside
r ; any. may require $?r?.00o.000
v.orth of food, the Secretary said ui
- ! ?ter to tiu ways and means com
ni itiee. An exact estimate ? f the
EiiioiKin needs is "impossible.** he
u??? ?1 .i red. adding later it m:? l;t be
?:e< ? s.-ary to ask Congress to giant
>*;.? '.m?o additional.
Trie food situation in Austria lias
be?-a given serious consideration by
-?v- supreme council at Paris, anil
sui g est ions that the United States
>aid in relief work there !uv ? been
made. liar on Eichoff. head of the
Aurtr.an p' ac ? delegation, appealed
in a statement published in this
country today for aid for his people,
w Jio. lie saia. were threatened with
anarchy and death by starvation
during the winter.
Treaxury \ itally Interested.
Congress a year ago appropriated
for food reli.-f i:i Europe,
and this was distributed through an
international commission headed by
HerUrt Hoover.
Assistant Se- rttary Davis. pr< seat
ing Mr. Glass' letter, t dd th^ c.?t..t:i It
tee that the Treasury "was vitally in
terested." be, a';s?- "if those countries
#ire nut fed disastrous rt suits are
feared. which would seriously affect
ti.e financial stability of the world"
The British. said, "are willing to
do all they can." adding that they wi I
lik? ly transport the food, and* als ?
supply some clothing. The burden,
however*, fee said. ?:j??? be i laced on
the United States becaus the Ameri
can foodstuffs were the "only surplus
supply." By th<- government grain
corporation handling th - supplies. Mr
Pavis said, the movement would be
such as "not to disturb our own prices
of food.'*
Some form of securities would bo
obtained from the foreign countries
before any credits were established.
Air. Davis tt>Td ih? committee, add
ing that he did not want to "mislead
the committee into thinking the lo ?
are attractive as Investments.
Dependent for Food.
Austria. Mr. Pavis sa d. has ! ?-n i d
for some time by a loan of $18,000.
??00 made b\ England. France . ?,?!
Italy, together with donations <.?: f.. ?;
by Switzerland and oth* r courar e
To secure the $4$.000.000 loan :"i?l
the $30.000.00o proposed to be ob
tained by the United States. M:.
Pavis said that the ini**re>t?*d com -
tries were discussing plans for Aus
tria to give "as security quite a b?
of her public asset s." including her
national forests., tobacco monopoly
and waterpower sit* -.
"It also has been proposed that the
countries take charge of Austria s
c ist nils duties, but we opitose this as
unadvisable." Mr. Pavis added.
Secretary Glass. i!i his letter, nave'
the committee h summary of official
advices regarding tin food situation
in Europe. He said that 300.000 tons
of grain would be the minimum re
quirement to feed Poland until the
next harvest, about October 1 Partial
failure of the wheat crop and Ia< k
of fuel for threshing, he said, caused
this shortage.
"Poland is at present living under
a hand-to-mouth reglno . which can
be remedied only by a steady flow "f
imports from the only available sur
plus stocks of food, namely, those in
the United StaUs." said the Secre
tary.
The potato crop, which is tl -i.aple
food of the poorer classes : .i-s been
destroyed by frosts to the extent of
per cent in many distr ts. as it is
impossible properly to ?; re for po
tatoes in transit, due to delays in
transportat ion.
\eedtt of Polnna.
"Poland has been unable.'* continued
the Secretary's letter, "to procure
clothing since the beginning of the
war. and the result is that during
the past five years practically all
clothing has been worn out nd has
not yet been replaced. The food sit
uation in Poland is so serious that
the European children's relief fund
has felt obliged to loan Poland small
quantities of flour from the stocks
intended for child feeding.
"The assistance to the children of
Poland rendered through this fund,
which feeds 1..100.000 children daily,
is claimed by its administrators there
to have been a powerful means of
averting revolutions up to the time,
and the failure of the Polish govern
ment properly to ration its adult
population has already caused demon
strations by the reds in Warsaw."
In Austria. Mr. Glass said, "the a<*u'e
misery and suffering are probably
greater than in Poland." adding that
the situation in Vienna "has become,
exceedingly grave, due to the short
age of coal and food." He explained
that only two-tenths of the present
Austrian state is self-supporting in
food production.
t annot Withstand Strain.
"There is every indication." wrote
the Secretary "thHt unless some re
lief is afforded immediately the popu
lation cannot withstand the strain of
conditions that are already well
nigh intelerable. Coal and food ra
tions for domestic consumption have
been reduced below a safety minimum,
and it is only a question of days be
fore existing stocks will be exhausted,
when even the present reduced ra
tions will become impossible unless
new supplies are obtained.
"Famine riots have broken out in
some Austrian towns during the past
months, and although the population
r>f Vienna has shown admirable pa
tience this city and large parts of
Austria are faced with tho danger of
* complete breakdown, which, accord
ing to the chancellor. I?r. Rennet,
must unavoidably occur by the end
r>f January unless outside assistance
is obtained.
"What the effect of a general social
breakdown in Austria wouid be. of
course, can only be conjectured. That
it would be confined to Austria, how
ever. seems highly improbable, and if
it spread to Germany. Poland and
possibly all Europe, the result would
f>e no less than a general d'sint. a:ra
tion of political cohesion in western
Europe. Such an event would be
fraught with the most serious con
sequences for the United States, and
would certainly leave in its wake se
vere suffering and thousands of
rleaths among the poorer classes of
the people.