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Senator Byrd Will Speak at Celebration at Monu ment. The Fourth of July celebration here Kill be formally opened by a proces sion of flags in which military and civic bodies will participate. The formal opening, which will be held on the monument grounds, will follow a half hour of music by the United States Marine Band under the direc tion of Capt. Taylor Branson. Col. John W. Oehmann and Col. Peyton G. Nevitt, chairman and vice chairman, respectively, of the Com mittee on Military, Patriotic and Vet erans’ Co-operation, will have charge of the processional and massing of the flags at the speakers’ stand. This will form a major part of the ceremonies. All branches of the service and the Boy Scouts have already announced they wiU participate and all other societies and organizations are in vited to bring a color bearer and color guard. The Costello Post Drum and Bugle Corps will assist in the cere monies and the Boy Scouts vdll carry the flags of the 13 original States. Senator Harry Flood Byrd of Vir ginia, the principal speaker, will be introduced by C. Melvin Sharpe, chair man of the Capital City’s Fourth of July celebration. Senator Byrd will speak at 8 o'clock and the speech will be broadcast over a Nation-wide hook-up. The reader of the Declara tion of Independence will be Col. Edwin Alexander Halsey, secretary of the United States Senate. The invo cation will be delivered by Right Rev. Coleman Nevils, president of Georgetown University, at 7:55 p.m. Slums % f Continued From First Page.) which A. R. Clas is director, has been negotiating for purchase of the War College project site from property owners for several months and that it has obtained options on a greater part of the site. Condemnation proceedings were decided on, however, both to clear up questions of title and to give owners of the properties on which options were not obtained an oppor tunity to have the court establish a fair market price for their holdings. P. W. A. officials explained. To Maintain Standards. Ickes said the housing division, the National Capitaal Park and Planning Commission and other interested Fed eral and local agencies will co operate to make certain that high standards are maintained in the de signing and construction of the proj ect, which is expected to serve as a model. “Careful development of the archi tectural plans for the new housing to keep within the spirit and tradi tion of the National Capital has been ordered,” it was explained. The architectural plans for the project are being drawn by a special committee of architects composed of Hilyard Robinson, former professor of orchitecture at Howard University; Irwin Porter, past president of the local chapter of the American Insti tute of Architects, and Paul Wil liams, Los Angeles architect. Alex ander Trowbridge, a member of the board of directors of Hampton Insti tute, Hampton, Va„ and V. W. Tandy, New York planner, will set as con sultants. CHILD EDUCATION GROUP TO HEAR SIR WILLMOTT Washington Correspondent of London Times to Speak at Ses sion in Swampscott, Mass. Sir Willmott Lewis, Washington correspondent of the London Times; Emily Newell Blair of the Consumers’ Advisory Council of the N. R. A., and Bess Goodykoontz, assistant commis sioner of education, are among speak ers listed for the principal evening sessions of the Association for Child hood Education when it convenes at Swampscott, Mass., next Wednesday. Dr. Mary Dabney Davis of the Fed eral Office of Education will preside at the Saturday morning meeting, the discussion theme of which will be “Schools for Young Children in Other Countries.” Dr. Grace Langdon, spe cialist, Federal Emergency Schools, will lead one of 11 study classes relat ing to school problems. Approximately 2,000 delegates from all parts of the United States will attend the convention, augmented by a few outstanding educators from England, Hungary and Puerto Rico and students from Scotland. Australia and Japan. Public Works in Manchuria. The Bureau of Civil Affairs of the Fengtien provincial government in Manchuria is launching a 10-year public works program. The project* will include road construction, main tenance and improvement of national highways, town planning and riparian works. The organization is meeting in Mukden to co-ordinate the plans. Nearly $30,000,000 will be spent this year on public works in Manchuria. Fairbanks Dances As Sun Sets, Ruses Again in Half Hour !Alaskan City Declares Holiday at Arrival of Solstice. By the Associated Press. FAIRBANKS, Alaska, June 22 — The sun set in Fairbanks and rose again in half an hour today. That made this the longest day in any city anywhere. There wasn’t any night, for citl rens of Fairbanks called a holiday, stopped all business, and devoted the 24 hours of daylight to play for the children, races and a base ball game. The ball game started at midnight. Some went to the “summit,” in cars, to watch the sun go down and come right back up again. Some chose airplanes to view the spectacle. On the streets they danced and read newspapers. Two dance halls were used, because of the crowds. Miners swarmed in from the hills to celebrate. The sun set at midnight, but that will last only a few weeks. 61owly the night will lengthen. A Independence Day Celebration Planners A July Fourth fiesta that will open alter a colorful procession of gayly waving flags of all nations has been arranged for Washington this year. Left to right, above, are: Mrs. E. K. Peeples, director of the Community Center and secretary of the Cele bration Committee; Coi. Edwin Halsey, secretary of the Senate, who will read the Declaration of Independence; Senator Harry Flood Byrd, the principal speaker, and C. Melvin Sharpe, chairman of the Celebration Committee. -Star Stall Photo. Taxi Driver’s \iew of Strike He Admits It Failed But Resents Implication He’s a Crook After Working 11 to 19 Hours a Day. A taxicab driver, Louis Jong blort, 1214 Twelfth street, has set down the following vt *ion of the recent strike seen through the eyes of the cabby. Among the phenomena of the year, must, without doubt, be counted the recent strike of Washington cabbies. In any other metropolis, the thing would be explicable; in stodgy, peace ful Washington it is simply one of those things which, like a lx* An geles flood, never happens. It was pretty much of a fiasco and it seems to have left everything pretty much up in the air. My fares ask me pointed questions and try to be polite about my weary answers; if they think cabby is pretty stupid, they don’t want to convey the idea to him, at least not too brutally. Now and then, on a long ride, I go into the matter. The elucidation is lengthy. All strikes, say I, are—if we are to believe students of the ques tion—entirely spontaneous and quite unplanned. This Washington cabby one certainly was. Long months of toil preceded it. j Then four Shriners took a taxi to the Chevy Chase Country Club. When they got there they paid the cabby 20 cents. There was an alterca tion about that, of course, and in the altercation the cabby got a black eye. The Shriners are decent fellows. I carried quite a few loads of them when they were here and on the whole I’m sorry they had to leave. That Chevy Chase affair was simply unfortunate. (The Star has heard the story of the four Shriners’ trip to the country club fn many versions. The name of the club has ranged from that of the Washington Golf and Country Club In Virginia to the Manor Club m Mary land. Whether there was such an oc currence The Star does not know, i But moat taxi passengers have been told about it.) Strangers in Capital. Possibly you and I would have done 1 the same thing if we came, like they did, strangers to the Capital and if we were then immediately showered with dark hints about the crooks at the steering wheels of the city’* taxis. We would have felt, no doubt, like they did, that here we had a cabalistic tribe, a sort of minor branch of the Mafia, to be defied and vigorously rombatted. And we, or at least I, hate to be gypped as heartily as they did. But that story, nevertheless, shed discredit cm the Shriners. It spread rapidly and sank deep into the weary cabby’s consciousness. It became symbolic of gross injustice. It gave him a hostile attitude toward all Shriners. There were minor occur ences in the same key and it all added up. When “official” cars began to haul 10 and 12 Shriners from the Union Station at once, things burst. Cabbies tried to blockade the entrances to the Union Station so that none could come or go. And from that first moment of open protest, inevitably, the strike was on. It was nothing but a mood, a bold move of protest. Most of us, I dare say. knew as well as you and the rest of the public, that we were biting off our nose to spite our face. But we poor cabbies had suffered so long that there was for us something tonic and grand and entirely satisfying in this moment of defiance, costly though it might be. There was a first meeting on the Diamond Association's lot. It was adjourned until more volunteers might be recruited. At the second meeting the strike was declared. Per haps a third or a half of Washing ton's 3,800 cabbies were there. But others were told of the strike by work ers cruising about the city, usually three or four in a cab. Most driven acquiesced in the strike, rather gladly. Some agreed to it reluctantly and a very few opposed it. Those very few were right, of course. For If work men are striking, they should at least strike against somebody. But the Washington cabby is not an employe, he is his own boss. And In striking, he was striking against nobody but himself, unless it were the public. And certainly one can’t strike against the public. This strike which wasn’t a strike was a huge success. Hardly a cab moved. It’s so easy, do you see. to enforce a strike in the taxi business. I, foe instance, am buy ing this cab of mine. I have a certain •mount of money in It. I’m not going to risk my Investment for the sake of one day’s work. And at the slightest threat of violence moat of my colleagues will feel the same way about it and acquiesce in anything whatever. It would not be impossible for 10 determined hoodlums to para lyze the entire taxi business. Price Another Matter. So there you have the strike. That ephemeral rise in prices which fol lowed had little to do with it. It wu 4 only a token, a visible symbol of suc cess or of vengeance or something. A rise in prices would de disastrous to Washington’s taxicabs. The city bas 3.800 taxicabs. It has no business having more than a thousand. But the fact of the 3,800 taxicabs re mains. You can't just put three-fourths of them out of commission. And the only way you can possibly keep 3.800 of them going is by the present low rates. E.erybody rides now—and on the slig itest provocation. There have been times no doubt when you have found it simply impossible to get a taxi—despite the unreasonably large number of them. That sort of thing would almost make it seem that there aren’t enough of them, wouldn't it? And perhaps you’re right. My own opinion is that the business, with a further downward revision of rates, could use at least a thousand more taxis. But we'll go into that some other time. How do we manage to make a liv ing? By excessively hard work. Let me show you my manifest for Sat urday. June 8. for instance. I’ll sum marize it for you. I worked 11 hours, rode 143 miles. I made 37 trips, for which I collected $10.55, plus $1.95 tips. My total gross was $12.50. Fourteen gallons of gas cost me $2.03. I paid $3.50 for my cab. My net for the day then was $6.77. Or take Tuesday, June 11, the day following the strike. I took advantage of the rise in prices and charged the 35-50 rates. I worked 13% hours that day and rode 124 miles, making 31 trips. Gas cost me $1.45 and the car $3.50. Net for my 13% hours was $6.85. On Saturday. June 15. I was back on the old rates. I worked 19 hours and rode 200 miles, making 39 trips. I collected <12.05, plus $2.25 Ups. total gross, $14.30. Gas, $1.45; car dues, $3.50. Net. $9.35. I’ve done better than that. I’ve made $14 in one day. But the day was 20 hours long. Resentment Is Felt. And in these hours parenthetically, you have an explanation of why most of us resent being called, be it by inference ever go delicate, crooks. We work too hard and too honestly, with our dependents in mind and ail that, to tolerate that sort of thing. The trouble with our business is the daily hump of $5 to be gotten over. The first *5 we take, do you see, go for our expenses, cab rent, gas and oil. Normally, it takes us about six hours to make that first 45. Six hours of steady driving begins to be a good day's work. But we can’t quit there. In the next six hours we may take another $5. Not until then do we begin to have our wage. It’s hard, hard going, all right, and it doesn't always come at that rate of $5 in six hours. I’ve had days when it took me eight hours to make that first $5. and then I went home at the end of 14 hours with only $3 in my pocket. We rent the tab or we buy it. Oh, yes, somebody undoubtedly is making a lot of money out of all this h'isiness. . . . This cab is S3.50 a day whether I rent it or buy ’t. ... So naturally I’m buying it. Well, the disadvantage is that I become liable for repairs: and then, too, there’s no longer a chance for a day off. Its $3.50 a day. day after day. If I were renting it, I could simply turn it in for a day or two new and then and lo&i, with no dues to ray. But now, cf course. . . Well, one of the concerns has something like 1,300 cabs on the street Each cab pays 60 cents a day dues—for the privilege of belonging to that associa tion. 1,300 times 60 cents is $780 . . . A day ... from dues alone ... $23,400 a month. . . And the same concern sells gas some hours of the day at the rate of $100 an hour. . . With 20 per cent profit. . . . That’s $20 an hour. .. . Just from gas.. . It would be in teresting to see their books. .. . Yes, somebody's making money. But it isn’t the poor cabby and it never will be the poor cabby who amasses unmerited hoards. No, ma’am! I’ve gotten so that I can understand that be should gvp a little now and then. You don’t know what it is to have wife and children. Ah, here we are, ma'am! Oh, yes, we have all kinds of inter esting experiences. . . That*” be 70 cents, ma’am. . It became 70 cents when we passed Aloe marie street, ma’am. I can’t help it that we’re only a block past it, ma’am. I’ve given vou 15 minutes cf my time and taken you five miles. . . . Ai.d I have to go back! Seventy emts, please! —Louis Jongblort, 1214 Twelfth street. Mayor Clad in Shorts. Clad in shorts, Mayor W. R. Poulkes of Crewe, England, spent a week in a tent at the Crewe Jubilee camp. \ BUILDING ROCKETS 8-Year Record Set in Near by Area as Construction Totals $2,000,000. BY JACK ALLEN, Staff Correspondent ot The Star. BETHESDA, Md„ June 22—Con struction work representing an ex penditure of more than $2,000,000 has been carried out in Montgomery Coun ty during the past five and a half months, in the greatest real estate boom in the county in eight years. A survey of records today disclosed permits calling for an outlay of $1, 931,564 were obtained by home builders during the five-month period ending June 1, while additional permits total ing $300,000 have been granted this month. It is unlikely the work this year will equal that of 1926-7-8, when the suburban area underwent highly Intensive development, but officials fully expect the 1935 construction fig ures to far surpass thoae of any more recent periods. 1934 Already Exceeded. County records show that the work carried on since January 1 already exceeds construction for the entire year of 1934, for the county as a whole as well as in the two suburban districts. The 1934 total was $2,318, 927, whereas the work this year has attained the mark of $2,331,564. An acceleration of activity is looked for when plans are completed for building in six new subdivisions on which the Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission ap proved final plats yesterday and in four subdivisions for which prelimi nary plats were passed by that body. Two of the subdivisions for which the final plats received the commis sion's stamp of approval are located in Takoma Park, two in section 2 of Bradley Hills, one in section 4 of Chevy Chase and the other in Wood side Park. Two of the subdivisions for which preliminary plats were sub mitted are in the latter community and the others in Rosedale and High land Parks, near here. 363 Permits Granted. Building Inspector Jack Gray and his assistant, Gerald Warthen, who compiled the construction figures, at tribute the increased activity among both speculative and private builders to the opportunities advanced by the Federal Housing Administration and the relative low cost of building ma terials that prevails at this time. Gray issued 310 permits represent ing an expenditure of $1,243,759 for work In the western suburban district up to June 1, while 53 permits caUing for construction valued at more than $150,000 have been granted thus far this month. In the eastern suburban district Warthen granted 201 permits for $687,805 worth of building work to June 1 and has approved 41 permits for approximately $150,000 worth of work this month. A check of the records shows that work coding $1,486,737 was carried out under 332 permits in the western suburban area during all of 1934, while 244 permits were issued for $832,190 worth of construction in the eastern district during the same period. New Homes Lead. While this year's figures include re pair items and additions to existing structures, as do the records available for comparison, the two inspectors said a vast majority of the building has been in new homes. * A low-price market prevails in most sections, they added, but in some areas near Bethesda residences which will sell for upward of $25,000 have been erected. A number of the latter al ready have been disposed of to new families moving into the county. The major activity in the western area has been centered in Greenwich Forest, Rollingwood and Westmore land Hills, but new homes are spring ing up in every subdivision. Resi dences to sell at approximately $14, 000 have been built in Greenwich Forest, while those in Rollingwood are to bring from $12,500 to $18,500 and those in Westmoreland Hills about $25,000. Principal development in the east ern district, where work has largely been upon homes costing in the neighborhood of $4,000 and $5,000, is going on in Sligo Park Hills, McNeil’s Additions to Silver Spring, Jordan & Smith’s Subdivision, Woodslde, South Woodside, Flower Avenue Park, Bran will Park and Hillandale. Benefit for Library. SILVER SPRING, Md., June 22 (Special).—Sponsored by the Silver Spring Citizens’ Association and the Woman’s Improvement Club of Silver Spring, a card party for the benefit of the Silver Spring Public Library will be held Monday night at 8 o’clock it Jeaup Blair Community Houie. ♦ NEW MEXICO PUSHES HUNT FOR COUPLES Governor Aiks Planet to Aid in Search for Missing Traveler*. By the Associated Press. SOCORRO, N. Mex., June 22 —An airplane search over thousands ot acres of swamp arid desert land was urged tonight by Gov. Clyde Tingley after the hunt he led through Cen tral and Southern New Mexico for four missing Illinois tourists failed The Governor requested headquar ters of the 8th Corps Area to send him Army ships and observers to search the marshlands of Southern New Mexico, flooded by recent high waters of the Rio Grande, hoping he may find some clues to the disap pearance of the two couples. Gov. Tingley said New Mexico was jealous of its reputation for protect ing its guests and he would not be satisfied until he had learned the fate of Mr. and Mrs. George Lorius and Mr. and Mrs. Albert Heberer of East St. Louis, 111. They dropped from sight while traveling through the State May 22. Officers learned that a young man driving the car of the couples had registered at an El Paso hotel and his handwriting was similar to that used in forging the name of Lorius to travelers’ checks stolen from him. Takoman Asks Divorce. ROCKVILLE, Md., June 22 (Spe cial).—In a petition filed in the Cir cuit Court here today, Elmer E. Rile of Takoma Park asks an absolute di vorce from Minnie L. Rife, also of Takoma Park, to whom, is is stated, he was married June 3, 1933. There are no children, according to the bill. Criminals Mere Children Head of Crime Prevention Bureau Cites Decreasing Age. By a Burr Correspondent of The Star. HE average age of the con victed criminal In this coun try has declined until now It is 19. The average length of time the convicted felon spends behind bars is from three and one half to four years. So convicting the average criminal—19 years old—means a hardened criminal of 23 to 24 a little later.” These statements by Justin Miller, chosen by Attorney General Cum mings to head the new Crime Pre vention Bureau which Congress has been asked to authorise, Illustrate the crime problem as he secs it. "It Is not Just a question of catch ing the criminal and putting him be hind the bars,” said Mr. Miller, who was formerly dean of the Law School of Duke University. "The fact that the average age has declined shows the necessity of deal ing with school children, with the purpose of making them honest citi zens instead of criminals. The fact that every State penitentiary In the land Is crowded, most of them to twice their capacity, results In speedier paroles and in many convicted crimi nals being put on probation. “The problem we are trying to meet In setting up this new instruction course Involves youthful training. It Involves the catching of the criminal once a crime has been committed. It Involves his conviction. It involves what to do about him if—because the prisons are crowded—the judge de cides to suspend sentence. It involves the processes which determine if and JOSTIN MILLER, Who will head the new Crime Prevention Bureau. when he shall be paroled. And it Involves the watch over him after he has been paroled—or has completed his sentence. “There is no place In the country today where a man or woman can study the whole problem. Several universities have parts of the proper training course. But nowhere is the j whole problem co-ordinated. “In addition, there is crying need for co-ordination in other directions. Between the police or detective* and the prosecuting offices. Between them and the parole officers. Between all three and the probation officers. And between all four and the judges. Yes, I said judges. *'L' view of the crowded condition of the country's prisons, the parole feature is most important. Warden James A. Johnston of Alcatraz once told me that scientific study of the men in prison would result in fore casting what they would do after they were released just as accurately as in surance actuarial figuiing. I can think of no more convincing statement of the importance of having trained men in charge of the parole work In our prisons. ‘‘No prisoner ever ought to be paroled without, for instance, an ex amination by a psychiatrist. Many men are convicted of crimes of viol ence who probably would never re peat. But they should be studied lest there be a trace of insanity, which would result in a killer being turned loose on society. “Attorney General Cummings has already arranged ior the Bureau of Investigation of the Department of Justice to give all the training and information possible to State and lo cal detective and police officers. In the bureau he nas asked me to head he wants all the State and local ager.cies dealing w,th juvenile train ing, probation, parole, pardon, as well as detection ani arrest of criminals, to be given a broad grasp of the whole problem—not just their own ! angle. “I hesitate to mention Judges. I do not want to otlenri their dignity. But I am hopeful thr*. we may have some conferences of judges with this ; general aim m view. They would learn much from one another. And there might a lew helpful speeches j outlining the whole problem." (Copyritht. 1»,'S5. by the North American Newspaper Alliance Inc.) JOAN CRAWFORD serves ROBT. MONTGOMERY FROM A NEW 1935 FRIGID AIRE • NOW EVERYONE CAN OWN A FRIGIDAIRE ’35 By Using George*s SMALL CHANGE i PLAN NO CASH DOWN MM C', 1 /V ' - Z'*' ' <; >' W. FRIGI DAIRE’35 PRICED FROM SAVE! Your Small Change in This White Electric Bank Clock It Makes Paying for a *Frigidaire a Real Pleasure ISf ^rgS**0* \ **p'° c° ?0Ut \ \s*^ ..\ V** •... \ ■ .. \ cvH. \ t»> -.—-p Washington’s Only Exclu sive Radio Organization Featuring The New Frigidaires