Newspaper Page Text
Letter 'Votes’ May Decide Court Issue Pro - Roosevelt Voters Might Swing Him From Course. BV DAVID LAWRENCE. OP THE 27,000.000 persons who voted last November to re elect President Roosevelt, ap proximately one-fourth — or ®ne out of every four—will decide whether the American constitutional system as It has existed for 150 years u to M cnanged through the prec edent set by Mr. Roosevelt of ehanglng the Justices of the Supreme Court when, as It is now off Icially ac knowledged, their decisions are not satisfactory to the administration in power. If 6,000.000 per sons who voted for Mr. Roosevelt n„ld were to tell their Representatives In Congress that they favor changes In the constitutional aystem only by the process of consti tutional amendment with each speci fic issue voted upon as heretofore when the Constitution has been amended, the plan to make the Su preme Court subject to the will of other branches of the Government Would be defeated. Such a group of 6.000.000, when added to the 16,000,000 who voted against Mr. RoosevelR In the last •lection, would constitute a majority of the electorates. The' figures are Used, however, not to indicate bv any means how the final line-up might be If the President's plan were put to a referendum vote, but to point out how many are the people holding the bal ance of power today in the controversy which has arisen over the proposed ehange in the Supreme Court. Democratic Reaction Sought. Members of Congress are being flooded with letters and telegrams, and unquestionably many of the 16. i 000,000 Republicans who voted against Mdr. Roosevelt are now protesting, for r they still have a right to petition Con gress no matter how they voted last November. But It is, on the other hand, a fact that members of Con gress are carefully analyzing their mail to see how many Democrats are writ ing them in addition to the Repub licans in their district* Thus far there has been no or ganized campaign of letter writing on any large scale by either side and It Is generally admitted that the letters are the spontaneous expression of the voters. This week and next week, however, when the labor unions and the John Lewis organizations get busy with their pressure from back home, there may be plenty of evidences of organized campaigning to Influence Congress in favor of the plan, • It will be assumed, however, that the pressure groups can be lined up for anything that their leaders tell them is for their own interest and bence the spontaneous expression of citizens. Democrats and Republicans •like, who do not protest as a result of pressure group action will become even more Important in the next 10 days in gauging public sentiment. Could Solve Crisis. Are there 6,000,000 persons who Voted for President Roosevelt in No vember who do not wish him to tam per with the Supreme Court and who prefer the constitutional amendment process to attain true liberalism? If there are and they tell their Repre sentatives and Senators about it, the American constitutional crisis will pass with a greater stimulus to the cause of liberal reform than it has pet received, because conservatives will be impressed with the fact that lib eral reforms can no longer be blocked by court action and must be voted upon concretely by the people In elec tions separated from partisanship or the personality of rival candidates or the intermingling of State and Federal political issues. It will be asked whether 6,000.000 News Behind the News Politicians Sigh With Relief as Winant Quits After Patronage Squabbles. BY PAUL MALLON. THE Capitol dome was tilted 2 Inches by the sigh of relief from con gressional politicians at the departure of Chairman Winant of the Social Security Board. There has not been such silent enthus iasm among the politicos since Pror. TUgwell left for Wall Street. Winant may not choose to say so, but it was an updraft from this same source which lifted him out of his seat here and blew him back to New Hampshire It seems Mr. Winant had the naive notion he could appoint his own men for merit In the key positions of his new board, and regardless of Senators and Representatives. He might have had a comfortable and long existence In the new order, but he made the unpardon able mistake of Including in his disregard the people’s Senator from Pennsylvania, Joe OufTey. He was even rude to the people's choices on the telephone, telling B>uT»o.u^ OPirtioN^ iiieixi to go to tue mu.u icuiutc -- places, etc. Consequently his nomination has languished in the Senate Finance Committee since January 8, when it was submitted by President Roosevelt. There is reason to believe it would have languished there until Mr. Guffey dies, which, presumably, will not be soon. Winant is one of those independent cusses, a species which is practically extinct in Washington. Only a few other Government officials have independent means and temperament sufficient to sus tain them in ease they lose their job- here. Another notable example is Chairman Eccles of Federal Reserve. He, too, will walk out and return to his Rocky Mountain financial interests any time the air becomes too close for comfort. * * * * Those who were near Winant suggest that Mr. Roosevelt might have gone to bat for him In his misunderstandings with the Senators, except that this happens to be a very bad time for it. The President is known to have backed some other Government officials in their patronage tussles with Senators, but just now he is trying to beg, borrow or force every possible vote in the Senate for his court . packing program. He cannot afford to fight with august Senators. Apparently, all that could safely be done for Winant was to give him a presidential letter addressed: "Dear GUI,” thereby making him a mem ber of .that great fraternity of "The Dear Dash" boys who, upon their departure from the new order, have received familiar notes of gratitude from the President. There is some talk of holding a national convention of the D. D.’s, now boasting such names as "Ray,” "Hugh,” "Red,” "Giir and a doeen others. Note—This interpretation of the 'Winant resignation is being dis puted by a mass of rumors to the effect that Winant’* job was too heavy, that his health wa,s suffering, that the Republican* were responsible for the delay in hi* confirmation because he bolted to Roosevelt in the last campaign, etc., etc., but his work, health and politic* would not have proved fatal were it not for his senatorial patronage difficulties. * * * * The most widely circulated newspaper clipping in Washington is from the Wall Street Journal of February 17, reading: “Roosevelt sons in oil industry. "McNamey. Tex.—Newcomers to the oil industry of Texas are Elliot Rooaevelt of Port Worth and James Roosevelt of Washington, ions of wesiaent koo seven; jonn u. tie rz of New York, Tommy Hitchcock, internationally known polo player, and others. They recently have acquired extensive leases in wild cat and proved territory in Crane County and other localities of West Texas.’’ The story behind it is that El liot and a group of his Texas friends acquired rights to some rather speculative oil land, but they needed money to develop it. He attempted to borrow the money from James, but, in lieu of that, a corporation was formed and James bought some stock. James acquired the stock before he accepted an official position as secretary to the President. So far there have been no dividends. Note—Elliot has always insisted he is freer than the air to go where he pleases and do what he chooses in a big way, but James has renounced business since accepting his official position. A wise observer in Alabama says that President Roosevelt concedes to each member of the Supreme Court all the Christian virtues except resignation. (Ooprrifbt, 1887.) I persons out of the 27,000,000 who voted for Mr. Roosevelt are at all dis turbed by the Supreme Court contro versy. at least sufficiently to take the trouble to write to members of Con gress or even to listen to the urgings of friends who may persuade them that they have a duty in the present crisis far beyond the casting of any vote heretofore on an election day. Many Phases to Vote Decision. There is no way of telling Just what arguments caused different groups In the election last November to vote for Mr. Roosevelt, but it is quite prob able that among the 27,000,000 were many millions who never received an A. A. A. benefit or a relief check, who had no connection with Democratic national or State political organiza tions and who exercised in 1936 the same independent judgment that they have exercised in previous elections. This group did not believe Mr. Roose velt would be more radical in his second term than In his first. They did believe that Mr. Landon was in experienced and that Mr. Roosevelt had had the benefit of nearly four years of familiarity with Government problems, and that it was unwise to change Presidents anyway in the mid dle of the stream of economic re covery. In that same independent group were millions who did not take seri ously the Republican argument that a change in constitutional forms was in the mind of the Roosevelt admin istration and they, indeed, resented any such charges as pure campaign alarm Numerical Comparison Unknown. Of the letters being received on Capitol Hill, there are thousands from all parts of the country written by persons who voted for Mr. Roosevelt because they did not think he planned any such change as Is in volved in a precedent whereby the Chief Executive asks for a change in Justices because their decisions are unfavorable to hi* projects. But no body knows as yet how these letters compare numerically with the others. (Coprrlcht. 1937.) CTHE opinions of the writers on this page are their own, not necessarily The Star’s. Such opinions are presented in The Star’s effort to give all sides of questions of interest to its readers, although such opinions may be contradictory among themselves and directly opposed to The Star’s. One Hope to Avert War Armament Race May Force Realization That Negotia tion Is Only Alternative. BY DOROTHY THOMPSON. THE announcement that Great Britain is about to spend $7,500,000,000 for rearmament purposes, hardly less, ac cording to Neville Chamberlain, and possibly more; the estimate of the London Banker that Germany’s mil itary expenditures in the last four years nave been 3 1.000,000,000 marks — $12,. 000,000,000; the course of steel, copper, lead, sine and other such stocks on the American stock market; the rev* elation that our Government is concerned with whether It can get steel from our own Indus* tries under the _ .. _ Dorothy Thnmyon. Walsh - Healey act—all these are only straws Indi cating the outstanding and most im portant fact in the world today— namely, that an armaments race Is on which has no parallel In history, and very importantly that the whole proc ess of Industrial recovery is bound up in this race. Two facts: First, the nations In dulging In this orgy of armaments have not yet paid for the last war; second, the effort comes at a time when the nations are slowly recover ing from the most violent depression of modern times and when there Is enormous pressure upon them for large expenditures for social services. Modem armies are the most expen sive in history. They are mechan ized. This means huge capital out lays for trucks, tractors and tanks. The air arm is all important. Air planes have an especially high rate of obsolescence, because of hard use, crack-ups and changes in design. Not only must there be tremendous numbers of planes on hand, but also factories capable of turning out thou sands of machines during war. Mili tary experts agree that the first line air personnel and machines are likely to be annihilated at the very outset of hostilities. Reserve Supplies Freese Capital. Modem expenditure for war has taken a new turn in that all the na tions are storing gigantic reserves of food and essential raw materials. In so doing, some of the countries, such as England, are vitally influenced by America’s neutrality policy. They fear that in wartime they could not buy from us. Other oountnes, such as Germany, remembering the experience of the Great War, when the blockade cut off their overseas supplies, are taking no chances and also laying in huge supplies. Vast amounts of capital and goods, therefore, are being frozen. In London recently as a direct , result of England’s vast rearmament program, government bonds have | fallen sharply In price, and armament 1 shares have risen proportionately. Holders of bonds have sold them in order to buy shares in companies that will benefit from the arms program. Because or me pressure on me money market, arising from govern mental needs, private industry will have to pay higher rates of interest, and higher rates of interest for raw materials. This will tend to handicap the export industries of England and thereby retard all recovery based on normal business activities. Moreover, London is the money market of the world. Borrowers will find it increas ingly difficult to obtain money there, because the money will be needed at home. They cannot obtain it in New York because the Johnson act prohib its our lending to nations in default to us, and that includes most of the great powers The point that I am trying to make is that the armaments race is disrupt ing all normal business activities, and concentrating an enormous propor tion of the entire wealth of the world into a single channel. Our naval policy is to build up to England, and the British have just announced that they will spend $3,000,000,000 on their navy, build 25 new battleships and put a squadron into the Pacific. The Japanese in turn have announced that they will try, at least, to build up to each of us. Under these conditions, it is impossible to see how one can bring about a bal anced economy in any country, with or without complete dictatorial control over it. Furthermore, this kind of race is impossible to stop once it gets well under way. So vast a number of workmen, such prodigious amounts of basic materials and industries will eventually be Involved in it, that its sudden liquidation, even in universal disarmament, would bring about a general economic collapse. It is at such a moment that the United States, in its foreign policy, is carrying water on both shoulders. The policy of Cordell Hull, backed by the President and the Congress, is economic internationalism. The pol icy of a large body in Congress is political isolationism. The two are incompatible. The translation of political isola tionism into economic isolationism would mean economic dictatorship. II the people of America want that they ought to get it perfectly clear in their minds that that is what they are heading for. The translation of eco nomic internationalism Into political internationalism would mean that we would have to take a stand in the world. For if the present situation drifts, war. or world economic collapse, are the only two alternatives, and we shall certainly share in the latter, whether or not we share in the former. Origin of Race. The armaments race was started by Germany, Italy and Japan. Japan has seized China, and threatens the Eng lish. Dutch and French possessions in the Pacific. Italy has seized Ethi opia and has forced British rearma ment by her policy in the Mediter ranean. Hitler has put all of Germany upon a war basis, with the avowed intention of expansion, exactly where and exactly how not being indicated. England and France have repeat edly offered Germany and Italy to negotiate economic readjustments In return for a halt in armaments and the offers have been ignored or re fused. The rearmament of the dem ocratic countries follows because of those refusals, and because it has become quite clear that negotiations will only be possible at all If the democratic countries stand witl^ swords in their hands. These are the unhappy International realitias. If within the next few months the nations prepare to seek their aims by negotiation, with the inexorable real ization that the alternative will be war, catastrophe may be averted. That is the only hope. And that hope is forlorn as long as the United States, the greatest single power In the world, clings to a totally unreal theory of isolationism. Once before In history we cast the deciding vote. And cast It too late, after the catastrophe was upon us. (Copyright. 1937.) Art Dictator Urged. In Capetown, South Africa, a move ment hu been started to name an ar chitectural dictator for the city. The leader of the movement Is Jan Juta, who hu won high distinction as a mural decorator. Capetown is ex periencing a building boom, but no ef fort hu been made to obtain harmony of design. Juta urges that South Africa try for a national style of ar chitecture and ornamentation, com bining the dignity of the old Dutch settlers with the simplicity of modem needs. -VV m ^ I V/iLMAiJ WINTER CRAY \NA$HE$ f it’s a ^ I DISGRACE [ HOW GRAY jtalLOOK/j W OH, FOR ^ : JUST ONE WARM SUNNY PAY-SO I COULD HANG These dingy old CLOTHES OUTSIDE. Jj g MINUTES LATER s A FRIEND SUGGESTS... 1 LOOK AT THOSE GRAY CLOTHES-ARENV THEY A SIGHT f r NO WONDER-1^ ^ YOU USE THAT OLD FASHIONED SOAR COME ON, LET’S GET SOME ^oxy”L'. fOXYDOL? BUT ISN’T | THAT ONE OP THOSE J MARSH GRANULATED \ SOAPS ? I don’t WANT yTO MU IN MV CLOTHES, j Oxydol’s a Y NEW SAFE KIND THE “ f IVORY SOAP PEOPLE MAKE, nis SAFE AS CAN BE-YET GETS CLOTHES 4-TO 5 SHAPES WHITEB. I AT TH£ GROCER’S imummmMmm Lr-—--- SEE-I'VE WASHED ¥ MY WIFE SAYS IT% THIS PRINT DRESSSCOMS' ' A MIRACLE HOW SUCH A SAFt SOAP CAN GET CLOTHES SO. ' LATER P» ITS TRUE-THESE Y PILLOW SLIPS ARE I^white as snow!^ rK idonYhavea WASHER,BUT I SCARCELY EVER TOUCH A WASHBOARD, S. BECAUSE OXyPOL j 1 SOAKS THE CLOTHES 1 V— SO WHITE. / soy, WHAT A CHANGE? I FEEL JUST LIKE A DAY IN JUNE—THANKS s_TO OXVDOL' --- MIMA'S NEXT BRIDGE LUNCHEON.*. THE NEW SOAP I’VE* IP, CALLED OXYPOL. LLV, IT GETS CLOTHES Ki wH/rg and ntSH THEV’D HUNG IN THE f * »LL — ^ J IT’S TRUE! NOW GET “JUNE DAY” WASHES Even in the Dead tf Winter... This Amazing Way! • There is absolutely no need for clothes to have that ‘ ‘winter gray” look, even though they hang inside all winter long. All you do is use this amazing soap, Oxydol, and see your white clothes come 4 to 5 shades whiter the very first wash. Don’t confuse Oxydol with harsh white washing soaps that “fade colors” and bite your hands. Oxydol is a new scientific soap. It is the result of a new formula which makes mild, gentle soap 2 to 3 times whiter washing than less modem soaps, by actual test. And —a patented process which makes it far faster acting. Developed by the makers of gen tle Ivory soap, Oxydol granulated ■oap doe* these 4 amazing things: (1) Soaks out dirt in 15 minutes, without scrubbing or boiling. Even grimy neckbands wash snowy white with a gentle rub. (2) Cuts washing time 25% to 40% in tub or machine. (3) Getswhiteclothes4to5shadea whiter, proved by scientific Tint ometer tests. (4) So safe that every washable color comes out sparkling, bril liant, fresh. Don’t wait! Get Oxydol today, and try it. You’ll find it very economi cal, tool Tests show it will go H to }4 again as far as even the latest soap chips on the market. TUTU AND APPROVED BY DODD NOUEEHEEPINO INATITUTS ^ A. Trad* Mark R*l U S. Pat. CM. th NEW ; *NO-SCM»-M^«OIL*. LAUNDRY SOAP ru/tri ! RIALLY IAH This Changing World War Plants Reaping Enormous Profits Amid Talk of Stopping Race of Armaments. BY CONSTANTINE BROWN. FOR the first time In 30 years the Krupp Works, one of the greatest armament factories in the world, is paying a dividend. The Vickers*Armstrong Co. in England, the Schneider-Oreuzot fac tories in Franoe and the 8koda Works in Czechoslovakia have been paying fat dividends for the last two year*. The United States Steel is back to its old prosperity. Thus, while European taxpayers are groaning under the Increasing burden of armaments, the lucky shareholders of stocks dealing with in struments of destruction are reaping once more enormous profits. Everybody talks about the urgent need of stopping this mad arms race, but so far there has been nothing but talk, while facts have denied the unctious words of the International politicians. There Is no denying that Ger many Is suffering severely from lack of food. But its leaders are doing their utmost to prevent peo ple from starving. #•> - ■ » Thus most German restaurants have doubled the prices of their menus. The profits, instead of going Into the pocket of the owners, go into the German treasury, which In turn spends them on feeding the needy. A fairly decent meal in a fashionable restaurant in Berlin cost about 23 marks <35.SO at the ordinary rate of exchange or til at the present rate). The meal consists of an oyster cocktail, a soup, a piece of pork with two vegetables, some cheese and a bottle of good wine. The restaurants get 11 marks, the balance goes to the government. On the streets of the non-fashionable quarters of the city there are popular kitchens where the needy population can obtain for a nominal sum a filling meal, consisting of soup, potatoes and some fish. Once in a long while there is a little meat added to the menu. The menu is not Lucullian, but it satisfies the hunger of the German people, and that Is all that they ask for the time being. In a democratic country such hardship would undoubtedly create social disturbances. In Germany, however, the population is so hipped on the idea of ‘'Germany’s mission" in the world that it prides itself for pre ferring airplanes and guns to food. Just at present the entire nation is wrought up about territorial expansion. Hitler has fed his adopted people piecemeal. First there was only a question of breaking the shackles which tied their hands—the Versailles treaty. This was done by Ger many creating a powerful military machinery. Hitler got away with everything by merely showing France and Great Britain the Reich's brand new mailed flat. Now the general idea is throughout the country that another demonstrative showing of the mailed fist will bring back colonies —more than Germany had lost after the World War. And the German nation, like one man, shouts, “Lets do it: lets show them that we are willing to make any sacrifice in order to obtain our rights." And with that kind of a population there seems to be nothing in the Fuehrer* w»7 to atop him from achieving whatever he want*. • » • • Score* of British and French newspaper men have been flocking to Monte Carlo, the greatest gambling town in the world. Their presence there vu not due to a desire to try their luck at the wheel or bac carat, but to see what will happen when the British foreign secre tary, Anthony Eden, and the Pol ish foreign minister, Col. Joseph Beck, met. The two statesmen are in the little gaming town now. But the newspaper men were disappointed Eden and Beck have been playing . rx_ MCNTl CARLO tennis—not wun eacn otner—nave ■ going their own way and the only meeting of which the news men were aware was a casual how do you do when they met in the restaurant of -the Hotel de Paris, where both men and the news hawks are staying. The shrewd Polish foreign minister is apparently avoiding a heart-to-heart tails with his British colleague. Poland has promised Hitler to remain In a friendly neutrality in the event of another war, and has promised France and Great Britain the same thing. The latter promise brought the eastern republic a substantial loan to increase Polish armaments. The situation in Europe is such at the present moment that nobody can guess whence the rabbit will Jump. So the Pole prefers to enjoy life leisurely at Monte Carlo, rather than get into some political discussions with Eden. __lb. SORORITY SISTER, 91, URGES CO-ED CRINOLINES On* of Pi Beta Phi Pounders Sug . rests Woolen Underwear to Save Modern Girls' Health. By th« Associated Press. TACOMA. Wash., February 22.— America's oldest sorority “sister,” Mrs. Ines Smith Soule, 91, yesterday sug gested college girls try crinolines and woolen underwear. “They’d be healthier and better looking if they returned to the old style of clothing and the old ways,” .. ■ she Mid. “These modem girls, dressed in practically nothing at all, certainly aren’t pretty, and I should think they would freeze to death.” Mrs. Soule is one of the two surviv ing founders of Pi Beta Phi Sorority, established at Monmouth College, Monmouth, HI., April 28, 1876. Plane Take-Offs Aided. Aviation will be revolutionised by a device he has invented to enable air planes to rise vertically, declares Hlrohisa Nlshi, who has demonstrated it in Tokio. Called the "jettoplane,” It permits a lift straight up without Impairing the ship's ordinary effi ciency. Headline Folk and What They Do Archibald MacLeish Is First Resident Poet in U. S. BY LEMUEL f. PARTON. NEW YORK, February 22—This writer has known aeveral “poets in residence." One was Herman Gottwaldt, the sage brush poet of the Nevada desert, a huge, lusty bard who, for a sprinkling - can full of beer, would bellow Im promptu dithyrambs in the manner of the Beowulf rhymsters. Another was the late George Stirling, a real poet, with a Dantesque medallion face, who was the quasi-offlcial poet of San Francisco, and of the Bohemian Club, where h'e lived for many years. An other was a stately old man in an old pot-house off the Rue St. Germaine in Paris, who turned in a rhyme for his dinner every night. Still another was a one-legged former railroad brakeman, earning-ins living as a minnesinger at the' Tropical Tramps Club in Callao. Alec McGreggin also kept a poet for a while In his prize fighters’ stable in San Francisco. Although several medieval univer sities had poets in residence, Princeton is, I believe, the first modern school to install one. Archibald MacLeish is so titled and installed at Princeton, under a grant from the Carnegie Foundation. Judging from Mr Mac Leish’s poetry, Princeton's novel idea of exposing undergraduates to a real poet for whatever he may communi cate of “brave translunary things” is a good one. There is a lot of loss in transmission in the ordinary teaching of literature. Poet of Integrity. While his bitter critique of the world as it is might have jolted the old steel master who is now his patron, he Is known as a poet of integrity and distinction, still In the ascendant. He is a modem, but he wears no Oregon boot of stylistic versifying. He is keenly, poignantly aware of the world up to the 6 o'clock street edition, and Princeton is being congratulated by knowing observers. He disregarded sage and elderly warning about there being “no gold mines on Parnassus.’’ Leaving Uncle Billy Phelps’ class at Yale In 1915, he began writing poetry. “Con quistador” was given the *1,000 Pulitzer Prize in 1933. Among his published volumes are "The Poet of ; Earth,” “Nobodaddy,” "Union Pacific” ! and “Streets of the Moon.” Mr. MacLeish is a short-haired poet j and can’t dance, but "Union Pacific” | is a ballet, put on here by the Monte Carlo Ballet Russe. He is a native of Glencoe, 111., now a contributing editor of Fortune Magazine. He says he doesn't think he has much taste for either Marxianism of capitalism—■ that he believes we in America, par ticularly, will find our way without extremism, one way or the other. Lowden Backs Wallace. Former Gov. Frank O. Lowden o! Illinois indorses Secretary Wallace's political-economic alliance between the South and the West. He is an interesting "balance brought forward'’ in the day’s news accounting and an interesting example of how alive a man can be at 77—with all this lon gevity talks stirred up by the court argument. He has refused more jobs he didn't want and missed more that he did want than any other man in Ameri can public life. Three times, he has barely missed the presidency, the last in 1920, when two underlings used his money carelessly, without his knowledge. President McKinley ! offered him a place in the cabinet, i Harding wanted him to be Secretary of the Navy. Coolidge and Hoover offered him the British ambassador ship. f Copyright 1937.) The GENERAL ELECTRIC SUPPLY CORPORATION Announces The Purchase of WHOLESALE ELECTRICAL BUSINESS Formerly Conducted by The NATIONAL ELECTRICAL SUPPLY COMPANY 71/fOST of the personnel of the National IVl Electrical Supply Company will be re tained by our organization. Your friends will • still be here to welcome and serve you; and we hope that the effect of the new ownership will serve to strengthen the confidence that our representatives have already earned. It is our pleasure to announce that Mr. E. C. Graham, president of the National Electrical Supply Company, will be associated with the management of our organization. We Solicit Your Business, And Assure You Of Our Wholehearted Support and Co-operation 1330 New York Ave. N.W. NAtional 6800