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WEATHER. A - (TJ S Weather Bureau Forecast.) § Showers tonight, probably clearing to- ' The only evening naDer morrow morning; warmer, temperature • >t, , ®. * f, about 50 degrees: colder tomorrow and to- HI WaSPmgtOn With the onight- TemPeratures Highest, Associated Press News 57. at 2:30 p.m. yesterday; lowest, 43, at 4 __j TXT" , , a a m. today. and Wirephoto Services. Closing New York Markets, Page 12 Yeaterday’s Circulation. 145.854 » ' 11 _ ^_'Some returns not yet received.) Soth YEAR. No. 33,926. gETSacV. w^XTa WASHINGTON, D. C.-, SATURDAY, MARCH 20, 1937—THIRTY-EIGHT PAGES. *** on M..n. A..0ci,ted ere,.. TWO CENTS. EARHART PLANE IS BADLY DAMAGED IN TAKE-OFF BUT THREE FLYERS ESCAPE * " ___ ___ LEFT WING SNAPS AS TIRE OF PLANE BLOWS OUT AND SNIP NOSES OVER Woman Aviator Cuts Off Ignition, Preventing Fire, After One Motor Bursts Into Flame. BOTH PROPELLERS BENT ON $80,000 CRAFT “Only Our Spirits Are Bruised,” Says Flyer—Means Flight Around World Is Postponed, but Not Canceled—Ship to Go Back to Factory. 4 " By the Associated Press HONOLULU, March 20. — Amelia Earhart’s around - the - world plane skidded and crashed to day while she was at tempting to take off for Howland Island on her world flight, but she and her two man companions escaped injury. The plane skidded on the wet concrete runway and the left tire blew out, wrecking the undercar riage. There was a burst of flame from the engine and ambulances raced to the scene. Tips on Wing. They arrived to find Miss Earhart, white-faced, climb ing from the wrecked craft. “Something must have gone wrong,” she exclaimed. The globe-girdling plane, which had carried the avia trix safely from Oakland, Calif., tipped over on its left wing. Started at Dawn. The fliers' companions, Fred J. Noonan, and Capt. Harry Manning, also escaped injury. The attempted take-off was made shortly after dawn for the second stage of the world flight, a hop of 1.532 miles to tiny Howland Island, southwest of here. Miss Earhart entered the plant at S lOa.m. (Pacific standard time) after Manning and Noonan had taken their places in the craft. The motors were given a final warm ing up and then Miss Earhart "gunned” them as she headed down the concrete runway at Luke Field at high speed. The plane was about half way down the runway when the accident oc curred. Wheel Hurled 40 veet. The aviatrix, at the controls, appar- ! ently cut the ignition switches as the 8-ton plane swerved, thereby prevent- I ing fire. A scattered crowd of about 7s watch ers, mostly Army men, saw a burst of flame from the left motor when the plane crashed, and then the fire died out. The left wheel snapped off and was hurled 40 feet from where the plane came to rest. Both propellers were bent, the left one badly. The crash occurred at 8:19 a.m. (Pacific standard time). Miss Earhart stood in the cockpit, to (See FLIGHT. Page A^h) -• Bankers Threatened. SACRAMENTO, March 20 The Sacramento Union said today that Elmer W. Armfield, president of the Yolo County Savings Bank, and another unnamed banker were threat ened with death in extortion letters demanding $5,000 from each. > 11 BEFORE THE TAKE-OFF Alice Rogers Hager, special correspondent of The Sunday Star, who flew to Oakland, Calif., to cover the start of Amelia Earhart's epic globe-encircling flight, spent a week with the noted flyer and her official family before the take-off, Her story of what she saw' and heard as an eye-witness and close observer back of the scenes during the preparations for this history making journey and her own account of the thrilling de parture appears Tomorrow in The Sunday Star Crash in Hawaii Left to right: Amelia Earhart, Capt. Harry Manning and Fred Noonan. —Wide World Photo. I RE DillS Failure of Defenders at Uni versity City Opens Way to Rebels. BACKGROUND— Tactics of rebels in Spanish war called for subduing all provinces and then marching triumphantly into Madrid as the symbol of final victory. Beginning in North Africa last July, rebels almost reached ob jective. Last November enough provinces were conquered and they turned to the final drive on Madrid. The city was expected to fall with little resistance. But Madrid’s de fenders held out and the rebels’ great drive was repulsed. Knowing complete victory with out occupation of the capital city is impossible, rebel leaders stayed nearby and last month began a new campaign, one directed toward cut ting off all the roads to the capital and starving its defenders into submission. By me Associated Press. NAVALCARNERO, Spain, March | 20.—Insurgent forces in the University : City sector at Madrid's northwest j corner were reported today to have smashed through the capital's de fenses into Northern Madrid. Word of crumpled resistance and j a sudden thrust into the long-besieged ! city was brought to this insurgent base by persons who said they saw the incursion. The troopers of Gen. Francisco Franco were said to have beaten their way to positions near Calle de Bravo Murillo, a large thoroughfare bisecting the northern portion of city from north to south. The sudden advance was made pos sible, it was said, by the failure of a i See SPAIN, Page A-10.) 30 HURT IN BUS CRASH Truck and School Vehicle Collide in Arkansas. PRESCOTT, Ark., March 20 (>P).— Thirty persons were injured, 20 seri ously, in the collision of a heavily loaded truck and two crowded school busses in rural Nevada County late last night. Most of the victims were children. They were brought to a Prescott hospital. Physicians said three were | in a critical condition. Paris Defenses Bolstered After Rightist Leader Warns Premier. BACKGROUND— Three major riots have occurred since Leon Blum took office last June as French premier. Outbreaks were generally considered a mani festation of growing European strife between communism and fascism. Col. Francois de la Rocque, leader of the Rightists, has proved Blum's implicable foe. Blum dissolved De la Rocquc’s semi-military Croix de Feu shortly after taking office, and the Popular Front government now is investigating his Social party to determine whether it is a reconsti tution of the Croix de Feu. By tne Associated Press. PARIS, March 20.—The People's Front supporting Socialist Premier Leon Blum reinforced its capita) de fenses today amid Rightist threats of a possible uprising. Numerous platoons of mobile guards —the exact number was undisclosed— were brought from the provinces and stationed in various parts of the Paris area after Col. Francois de la Rocque, fiery Rightist leader, sounded an ominous note of warning. Protesting the government’s ban on political party meetings, De la Rocque declared: ‘‘I cannot take responsibility for immense uprising which such tyrannical acts may arouse." The Rightist leader’s statement, co inciding with the close of a govern ment investigation into his social party, was considered in political circles as a direct warning against dissolution of the group he organized after the government broke up his semi-military Croix de Feu. Well-informed sources believed Pre mier Blum would announce such a ban Tuesday. Meanwhile the government author ized a labor procession at the funeral tomorrow for victims of the Clichy riot, in which five were killed and approximately 300 injured during a clash Tuesday. De la Rocque protested also against the printers’ strike that prevented publication of his party organ, Le Flambeau. An investigation, to place responsi bility for the Clichy riot, is under way and Premier Blum agreed to submit to parliamentary interpellation on the Touchy question, which for a time threatened tenure of his government. Reduction of Speed Is Problem On Next Lap, Aviatrix Asserts Expected Tailivinds May Prove Handi cap in Arranging Daylight Take-Off and Landing. r 1 . . ■■■ ■ ■ —■ ... The following personal story by Miss Earhart was filed before her unfortunate accident today which caused postpone ment of the world flight. When the flight is resumed The Star will print Miss Earhart’s story exclusively in Washington. BY AMELIA EARHART. HONOLULU, March 20.—When my Lockheed touched wheels at Wheeler Field Thursday at dawn. I planned to continue to Howland Island late in the afternoon. However, after seeing the weather map of the territory to be traversed, prepared by the Navy’s chief aerog rapher. Theodore Lindeman, it seemed better to wait one day. The data for that forecast came from Howland Island itself, gathered there by the Coast Guard cutter Shoshone. Lindeman showed me on the map, a blue and red line running north and south in the vicinity of Hawaii. It indicated a “weather front” moving slowly west to east. Behind it followed more normal weather. Once this disturbance is out of the way, I can expect broken clouds be ginning at 2.000 or 3,000 feet and rising to 4,000 or 5,000 feet, then higher and higher as tne day progresses—much the same as those which lay on the first portion of the course from Oakland. Incidentally, I am told similar formation is likely to be with me over the entire Pacific. The start will be made from Luke Field at Pearl Harbor. Improvements being made at Wheeler Field will make I (See EARHART. Page A-2.) 18.000 IN FIDELITY JO GET 85 PCJ. IN REORGANIZING Reconstruction to Be Com pleted Within 60 Days, Insuring Deposits. HOME LOAN BANK BOARD TO ACT ON OFFICIALS Shareholders to Hold Mass Meet ing to Name New Officers in "First Savings & Loan.-’ BY HAROLD B. ROGERS. Approximately 18,000 shareholders In the Fidelity Building &. Loan Asso ciation, closed since July, will soon be able to get back 85 per cent of their investment under a plan for reor- j ganizing the institution, it was learned today. It is planned to reorganize the Fidelity into a new Federal Savings & Loan Association within the next 60 days. As soon as the reorganization is completed, shareholders will be able to cash in their holdings at 85 cents on the dollar, or leave the 85 per cent in the new institution, which will insure each account up to $5,000. The reorganization was agreed to today by the office of the controller of the currency and the Federal Home Loan Bank. The Fidelity was closed after the arrest of Fred B Rhodes, former pres ident. Rhodes was tried last week in District Court on a forgery charge in connection with his management of the institution, but the jury was un able to agree on a verdict. Several other charges are pending against him. Amount of Funding Undisclosed. The total amount of money in volved in the reorganization was not discloaed, but further financial de tails will be made public later. The reorganization into a new Fed eral Savings and Loan Association is a new procedure in the history of closed financial institutions here. It will result in establishment of an in stitution which probably will be known as the “First Federal Savings and Loan Association of the District of Columbia.” Many of these associations already have been established throughout the country and. according to latest fig ures. there are more than 1,200 of them operating under supervision of the Federal Home Loan Bank Board. The agreement between the office of the controller of the currency and the board was understood to have been along general lines of the pro posal submitted by the board follow ing a careful investigation into the affairs of the institution. When the new institution is set up its supervision will be under the Fed eral Home Loan Bank Board instead of the controller of the currency, who supervises all other building and loan associations in the District. Several legal details remain to be worked out in regard to setting up the reorganized outfit. The general plan to be followed, however, will be as follows: The receiver of the Fidelity, now in charge of the institution under au thority of the controller of the cur rency, would go to court to request official approval for sale of the assets of the old association to the new one on a basis of 85 per cent. When and if the court approves, the receiver would then act to sell the assets and the shareholders of the new institu tion would be called into a mass meeting to elect directors. JThese directors, in turn, would pro pose a slate of officers for the new association. But before these officers could take charge, they must be ap (See FIDELITY, Page A-14.) i'" i.. . 1 STOP NOW BEFORE IT IBB FALLS OVER! i Wage increase hiii' „ CapTtaT^I WAGE INCREASE WAr^nr '•'NCREaIe COURT IS VIEWED US STRAITJACKET St. Louis Editorial Writer Engages in Exchange With Senators. BULLETIN. Irving Brant, St. Louis editor, told Senator Connally today his attitude during the hearings on the President's court bill has "been a disgrace to the Senate Judiciary Committee." Chairman Ashurst started to rebuke the witness and Senator McGill of Kansas objected to putting the remark in the rec ord. However. Connally insisted that it go in, saying, "I can take it on the chin. This is a free coun try and he has a right to speak his mind." BY JOHN H. CLINE. The Supreme Court is holding the country in the "paralyzing embrace of a judicial straitjacket," the Senate Judiciary Committee was told today. The strongly-worded attack on the judicial policies of the court was made by mild-mannered Irving Brant, chief editorial writer for the St. Louis Star Times. Brant, author of the book. "Storm Over the Constitution,” engaged in a sharp facetious exchange with Sena tors on the committee while identifying himself. Asked if he was familiar with the platforms adopted at the last na tional conventions, he replied: "Yes, but I'm under no illusions about either of them .” A strong advocate of President Roosevelt’s plan to add six new justices to the high court unless incumbents < See JUDICIARY~Page A-2J BULLETIN NEW YORK, March 20 UP).— The executive offices of Remington Rand announced that the Execu tive Committee of the board of directors today approved a tentative plan for settlement of the year-old labor dispute involving 6,000 em ployes. Summary of Today’s Star Page Art _ B-3 Amusements C-16 Books _B-2 Comics_C-10 Church News, B-5-6-7 Editorials A-8 Financial __.A-12 Lost & Found A-3 Page Music _B-4 Obituary ...A-10 Radio _C-ll Real Estate, C-l to C-7 Short Story- A-7 Society _A-7 Sports _C-8-9 Woman's Pg. B-8 LABOR SITUATION. Dewey joins Murphy in effort to end Chrysler strike. Page A-l Senator Burke blames Lewis for sit down strikes. Page A-l NATIONAL. Amelia Earhart delays take-off for Howland Island. Page A-l Double-murder evidence seen by police in death of couple. Page A-l# Texas school disaster brings expres sions of regret here. Page A-S FOREIGN. Insurgents enter Madrid, pursuing de fenders of city. Page A-l WASHINGTON AND VIC IN ITT. 18,000 Fidelity shareholders to get 85 per cent. Page A-l Fired at by gunman, man is saved by book in pocket. Page A-l D. C. supply bill reporting delayed until March 29. Page A-14 Permanent unit created to fight Po tomac pollution. Page A-14 One thousand additional W. P. A. jobs provided here. Page A-14 Hazen favors new set of parking re strictions. Page A-14 Teleflash Corp. removing equipment from Capital. Page A-14 EDITORIAL AND COMMENT. ^tutorials. This and That. Answers and Questions. Stars, Men and Atoms. David Lawrence. Paul Mallon. Mark Sullivan. Jay Franklin. Delia Pynchon. MISCELLANY. Vital Statistics. Young Washington. Service Orders. Traffic Convictions. Crossword Puzzle. Dorothy Dlx. Nature’s Children. Bedtime Story. City News in Brief. Letter-Out. Page A-8 Page A-8 Page A-8 Page A-8 Page A-9 Page A-9 Page A-9 Page A-9 Page A-9 Page A-10 Page A-10 Page A-6 Page A-6 PageC-10 Page B-8 Page A-9 Page A-9 Page A-4 PageC-11 SPORTS. Pompoon choice of 103 Kentucky Derby eligible®. Page C-8 Dizzy Dean, thoroughly deflated, signs with Cards. Page C-8 Nats aim to cash in on base-running ability. Page C-8 Three basket titles at stake in Star tourney. Page C-9 A. A. U. boxing here tonight offers 17 bouts. Page C-9 Military Probe of Blast Opens; Burials Fill Day in Texas Town Nitroglycerin Found in Pipe in Ruins, Officer Told—Cause Disputed as Ex pert Clings to Wall-Gas Theory. By the ' ssociated Press. NEW LONDON. Tex.. March 20 — Burials of its 455 school-blast victims | occupied this vilage of death today while the full force of a military in quiry sought the cause of the worst catastrophe of its kind in modern times. Soon after sun-up the great pro I cesion of funerals began. Prom churches, private homes and funeral chapels hearses streamed to burial grounds. Volunteer ministers from over the vast East Texas oil region performed continuous services with almost clocklike precision. To a barnlike school hall adjoining the ruins of the once-imposing school building a military court headed by Maj. Gaston Howard summoned more than a score of witnesses who. it was j hoped, could explain the cause of the tearing explosion. ‘ We are not here to conduct a criminal court,” Maj. Howard said. “We merely want to help by trying to | find out what caused the explosion and thus possibly do something to prevent j such future disasters.” Dr. E. P. Schoch, an explosion ex- J pert from the University of Texas, was i called upon to give a final opinion on the blast cause at the close of the hearing. After a preliminary inves tigation, he said there was no doubt i (See DISASTER Paie~A^27) LEWIS, NOT COURT. C. I. 0. Leader Alone Blame able, Says Burke, Foe of Judiciary Bill. B7 the Assoclater. Press. Democratic opponents of the Roose velt judiciary bill, aroused by argu ments that its enactment would lessen industrial conflict, declared today there was no connection between Supreme Court decisions and sit-down strikes. "The one man responsible for the sit-downs is John L. Lewis, who is closer to the ear of President Roose velt than any other man." said Sena tor Burke, Democrat, of Nebraska. “If he.” referring to the C. I. O. chairman, “would give the word, these strikes would end tomorrow. “Attacks on the court in CongTess have caused large groups of our peo ple to lose some measure of respect for law and the Constitution.” Burke con tended, referring to outbursts in Con gress yesterday, “and that condition would naturally engender discord.” Senator Black, Democrat, of Ala bama. an advocate of the bill, declared during a heated Senate argument that the Supreme Court majority had so restricted Federal powers as to make it impossible for Congress to pass leg islation tending to alleviate strike con ditions." The administration position, in the words of Senator Robinson, majority leader, was that future policy to ease strike tension depended largely on the impending decision by the Supreme Court on the Wagner labor act. Senator Borah, Republican, of Idaho, enlivened the Senate debate on the sit-down strikes and the courts (See SIT-DOWNERS, Page A-2.j__ FAILSJWOKILLED Four More Jailed as Crew of Waiting Police Beat Bandits on Draw. BT the Associated Press. NEW YORK. March 20.—A $30,000 hold-up, which went into rehearsal Thursday and opened late yesterday before an audience of police detectives in West Twenty-ninth street, put two men in the morgue today and four others in jail. Meticulously planned, acted out beforehand just to make sure, the looting of a fur manufacturer's sec ond-floor plant at the evening rush hour was frustrated because detectives had waited for it for two weeks. The dead men. who were a costly splitsecond behind the police in reaching for their guns, were Joseph Epstein, 44, and Julius Richman, 33, both of Brooklyn and both with crimi nal records. Four tightlipped, surly prisoners, captured as they emerged from the building, gave these names: David Silvers, 33; Joseph Catrone, 27: James Thompson, 21, all of Brooklyn, and George Blickendorf, 27, of Ridge wood. Queens. Thompson, who ran as detectives executed their coup in the midst of hundreds of homeward-bound work ers, was woundea in the neck Police said employes of Harry Bleiweis & Son, where the hold-up occurred, identified the four cap tured men. Saul Price, assistant district attor ney, said the arrests would clear up other crimes. Among the unsolved hold-ups is that in which Gypsy Rose Lee recently lost a coat. Finding of “True Missing Link” In South Africa Cave Reported BY HOWARD W. BLAKESLEE, Associated Press Science Editor. PHILADELPHIA, March 20.—A re port that the true “missing link,” a two-legged animal part way between man and ape, has been discovered in South Africa, was made to the Inter national Symposium on Early Man to day by Robert Broom of the Trans vaal Museum, Pretoria, South Africa. Broom discovered the head, except the lower jaw, in a cave at Sterkfon tein last year. It was, he said, about 250,000 years old. The head showed it to be an animal of about the si* and proportions of a chimpanzee. But its teeth, Broom said, “were almost entirely human." No ape has ever been found with teeth like this animal. Its brain capacity was only that of a good sized modern gorilla. The belief that this animal was a descendant of the first human stock, a cousin of the branch of the family which developed into human beings, is based, Broom said, not alone on this new discovery. A similar animal with virtually hu man teeth was discovered in another cave 300 miles away 12 years ago. It was a 5-year-old "baby.” Prof. Raymond A. Dart of Johan nesburg immediately identified It as (See MEBSINa UN&CPage-fc-10.)' STRIKERS WARN OF BLOODSHED IE FORCE IS TRIED TO EVICT THEM Threaten Resistance Should State Troops Be Ordered Into Chrysler Plants to Arrest Sit-Downers. USING “ONLY WEAPONS.” THEY INFORM MURPHY “Don’t Intend to Leave Factories Without Satisfactory Settle ment.’’ Employes Assert as Ten sion Is Nearing Climax in De troit. BACKGROUND— American labor’s newest and most spectacular weapon in seeking to force wage and hour adjustments— sit-down strike—first used on major scale against General Motors by affiliate of John L. Lewis’ Commit tee for Industrial Organization. After six weeks truce was negoti ated to satisfaction of union and factories evacuated by strikers. Big Steel then came to terms with a union for first time. Chrysler crisis followed as United Automobile Workers, C. 1. O. union, demanded recognition as sole bar gaining agency for firm’s employes. Sit-down started March 8 and com pany obtained court order calling for evacuation of plants by 9 a.m. Tuesday. Strikers sat tight despite further court writ calling for their arrest for defying injunction. . BULLETIN. John L. Lewis, chairman of the Committee for Industrial Organi zation. conferred here today with Assistant Secretary of Labor Mc Grady about the Chrysler automo bile strike Lewis returned to the Capital last night from the soft coal negotiations in New York. Neither he nor McGrady would dis cuss today's conference beforehand. I Bj the Associated Press DETROIT, March 20.—Represent | atives of 6,000 sit-down strikers, defy j !ng court orders for their eviction from j Chrysler automobile plants, informed j Gov. Frank Murphy today they were using "the only weapon we have” and warned that use of State troops to eject them would “lead to bloodshed and violence.” The statement came from leaders of United Automobile Workers of America local unions in eight Chrysler plants which striking workers have held since March 8 in an attempt to enforce demands for exclusive bar gaining rights. It notified the Governor, seeking a plan for peaceful evacuation, that “we don't intend to leave these plants with out a satisfactory settlement.” Arrest of the strikers was ordered | by Circuit Judge Allan Campbell yes ! terday. Sheriff Thomas C. Wilcox, j with a force of 120 deputies, has made | no move to enforce the order at the eight automobile plants, where 20.000 union sympathizers on Wednesday shouted support of the strikers. James F. Dewey, conciliator of the United States Department of Labor, i joined with Murphy today for the sec iSeTsTRIKE,' Page~A^2_) Bishop Shocked As Sally Rand Rides in Parade Protests Appearance of Fan Dancer on St. Patrick's Day. Bi tht- Associates Press. CLEVELAND, March 20.—Appear ance of Fan Dancer Sally Rand in a large St. Patrick's day parade here evoked a protest today from Bishop Schrembs of the Cleveland Catholic diocese. . "I am deeply' humiliated and i ashamed that a parade to honor the ! patron saint of Ireland should have included an internationally known fan dancer whose performances on the stage have been so offensive to Cath olics.” the Catholic Universe Bulletin, official organ of the diocese, quoted the bishop. In Springfield. Ohio, where the plume waver was appearing fit a the ater, she said she followed instruc tions of a publicity man for a Cleve land theater “Of course, I like publicity, but I do not think that such things as a person’s private life or their religion should enter into it," she commented. The Universe Bulletin further quoted Bishop Schrembs as saying: “That she rode in an open carriage next to the flat decorated to honor the blessed mother of God has shocked me greatly. I am certain that her in clusion does not represent the mind of the great Irish people in my di ocese.”