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weather! ~] ■ ----- (U. 8 Weather Bureau Forecast.) I H Fair and colder today; tomorrow, fair; ft^ft I ft/m ftm Full Associated Pl'P^S moderate to fresh northwest winds, di- ft ft A ft ft 17 tT , 3. ,1LKS minishing by tonight. Temperatures— ft I ft ft ft' iSeVVS aiKl WirepnOtOS rr.n &«&&***” ^ 1IV' £untIay M?™in*an<1 Full report on page A-16. ft il/Veiy AltemOOn. (A3) Means Associated Press. -. No. 1,670—No. 33,921. poTcm*/, waThlnefon.T cr WASHINGTON, I). C., SUNDAY MORNING, MARCH 21, 1937—128 PAGES. * FIVE CENTS TEN CENTS -"-—--:---"-—- ~ ' " ., . ■ ■ , „ ... iN—H.4SHINQTON AND SUBURBS_EUjEWHERF GENERAL STRIKE THREAT MADE TO CORD POLICE RAIDS ON SIT-DOWNERS Detroit Auto Labor Tie-Up Monday Martin’s Reply to ‘‘Brutal Eviction and Club bing of Workers.’’ 175.000 TO ASSEMBLE TUESDAY AS PROTEST Shutdown Would Not Include General Motors—6,000 in Eight Chrysler Plants Tell Gov. Mur phy Forcible Ouster Will Mean Bloodshed. BACKGROUND— Got'. Murphy again is the rock against which conflicting tides in battle of “rights"—"human" and “property”—have been breaking after successful negotiations in U. A. W. A. and General Motors deadlock. Big Steel's capitulation to labor's demands urns a great spur to John L. Lewis’ drtve for industrial or ganization, which includes fight of U. A. W. A. for bargdining power. Chrysler strike hinges on carrying nut of court order to authorities to eiHct sit-downers. By the Associated Press. DETROIT, March 20.—The United Automobile Workers of America threatened tonight to call a general strike in Detroit automotive plants i unless “the brutal eviction of sit down strikers and the ruthless club bing of workers by Detroit police is stopped immediately.” The threat was contained in a state ment issued by Homer Martin, presi- j dent of th? U. A. W. A., after police ! had ejected strikers from the Newton Packing Co. plant and the Bernard Schwartz Cigar Co. factory. Six per- I sons were injured during rioting which ! accompanied the ejection of 75 women from the cigar factory. Subsequently, Wyndham Mortimer, first vice president of the U. A. W. A., said the strike threat did not apply to plants of General Motors Corp., with which the union signed an agree ment last Sunday. Martin declared that “every organ ized automobile plant in the city will be closed down Monday" unless the raids cease, and that “the 175.000 organized automobile workers of De troit will mass Tuesday night in Cad illac Square to protest these actions.” Martin said that the U. A. W. A. tvas "determined that strikers in these j smaller plants shall not be the victims of police brutality.” No Reference to 6.000 Sit-downers. The statement contained no refer- j ence to the eight Chrysler plants, j which 6,000 strikers are holding in j defiance of a court injunction. Since Friday. Sheriff Thomas C. Wilcox has held court writs for tljp arrest of the strikers. The strikers told Gov. Frank Murphy j in an open letter today that forcible moves to arrest them would lead to ’’bloodshed and violence,” ana appealed to the Governor to ‘‘see that our grievances are adjusted.” Martin’s threat cf a general auto motive strike in Detroit said: "The United Automobile Workers of America are prepared to call a general strike in the automobile industry in the city of Detroit. Monday unless the brutal eviction of sit-down strikers and the ruthless clubbing of workers by Detroit police is stopped immedi ately. "Every organized automobile plant in the city will be closed down Monday unless Police Commissioner Heinrich j Pickert is ordered to call off his un- | lawful raids on defenseless strikers. "The 175.000 organized automobile | workers of Detroit will mass Tuesday j night in Cadillac Square to protest j these actions. "Commissioner Pickert is going to have to learn that the legitimate labor movement in this city is a force whose right he cannot violate. "He is going to have to learn that his men are not going to attack de fenseless women sitting peaceably on their own front porches. This was done Saturday evening during the attack on the Bernard Schwartz cigar factory. "Automobile workers are determined that strikers in these smaller plants shall not be the victims of police brutality. Automobile workers are not going to be blackjacked and slugged out of their civil rights. Our recent great victories have resulted in the wdping out of conditions close to peonage in the shops and factories of Detroit. These workers don’t intend to lose those gains. We are going to show Mr. Pickert and his superiors that the automobile ■workers of this city are prepared to act if he and his department carry their violence further.” Neither Prank Couzens nor Gov. Murphy could not be found for a statement on the general automotive strike threat. He and Police Commissioner Pickert were present when 75 women were pro pelled. screaming and kicking, from the Schwartz cigar factory. The Mayor’s only comment then was that he was there to “see how things were going.” Rode Across Lawn. The noncombatant casualty referred to in Martin’s statement was Mrs. Anna Rziemickowski, whose home is across a street from the Schwartz factory. Witnesses said a mounted policeman who rade across her lawn struck her with his night stick. Her injury did not require hospital treat ment. Gov. Murphy, reached tonight, with held comment on the general auto motive strike threat. Neither would Commissioner Pick (See STRIKES, Page A-5.) * k 4One o£ Those Little Incidents ’ I * * Says Miss Earhart, Describing Crash That Halted World Flight Right Shock Absorber May Have Been Primary Cause Instead of Blow out—Hopes to Resume Trip. BY AMELIA EARHART. By Radio to The Star and New York Herald Tribune. RETURNING FROM LUKE FIELD VIA AUTOMOBILE TO HONO LULU at 7:30 A M., March 20.—It is amazing how much can happen in one dawn. Instead of being 150 miles en route to Howland Island by airplane, the crew of our Lockheed Electra in four hours will be taking a steamer back to the mainland. The airplane which brought us here so gallantly is being dismantled by efficient Army mechanics for shipment to the Lockheed factory at Burbank, Calif. Her landing gear is wiped off and one wing damaged. Fortunately, the precious engines are not hurt, nor the body itself. As for the crew\ only o'Ur spirits were bruised when an exploding tire I brought about the crash. By good for-, tune, Harry Manning, Fred Noonan and I emerged from those strenuous few seconds without a scratch. But not so the plane. My pet, as indi cated, is considerably banged up. But at that, not so seriously as we had at first feared. The comparatively slight damage is a fine testimonial to the sturdiness of Lockheed con struction. Many more who read this are drivers of cars than pilots of airplanes. So please imagine what happens—what can happen—to a heavy automobile going 70 miles an hour if a front tire blows out. Plenty, as you know, can happen. And plenty happened to my plane roaring down the smooth concrete runway at Luke Field when suddenly the left tire gave way. Almost instantly the wheel collapsed. We slithered along for perhaps 1,000 feet. That was a rather sickening slide. It was one of those little incidents in aviation, which, small in themselves, (See EARHART, Page A-l 3.)~ Contractor Says Plans Were Changed to Gas to Cut Cost. BT the Associated Press, i NEW LONDON, Tex., March 20 — ! Two witnesses told a military court I today they had warned of explosion hazards in the heating system of the j London Consolidated School, where 455 students and teachers died Thurs day in a demolishing blast. Scores of funeral corteges -wound : through the pine-studded hills, bear ing victims to burial grounds as the I court of inquiry sought to track down the origin of the explosion. A. J. Belew, a heating equipment salesman, testified he had warned school officials it was “dangerous” not to install a new gas regulator for the main building of the imposing school group. George H. Greenway, Dallas heating engineer and an unsuccessful bidder for the school heating contract, testi fied “It’s a crime to put gas steam radiators in public buildings. When you put in 72 such radiators, you have 72 chances for individual explosions.” Jesse P. Vaughan, an oil field worker, told the court he and a com panion who previously had expressed an opinion the explosion was caused by nitroglycerin had changed their minds. From Contractor Ross Maddox, who had a part in building the school, the court heard original plans for heating the oil-wealthy school from a steam boiler were changed to provide indi vidual gas steam radiators "on ac count of cost, I presume." Dr. E. P. Schoch, explosions expert fro . tire University of Texas, ques tioned Belew, representing James B. Clow & Sons Co. Dr. Schoch, who earlier expressed a theory that an accumulation of gas caused the blast, asked Belew if he had told officials of the regulator fault. The salesman replied: "I told Mr. Shaw (W. C. Shaw, school superintendent) that it was dangerous. I told him he would have to reduce the pressure.” Belew testified a new gas regulator was installed in the main building some time after January 1 and a change from dry gas ' v/et gas was (See EXPLOSION, Page A-37) MAN PUFFS CIGARETTES WHILE PINNED BY CAR By the Associated Press. MEMPHIS, Tenn., March 20.— James J. Martin of Bartlett puffed feverishly at cigarettes to keep his mind off his suffering today as he sat pinned in the wreckage of his automobile while two men cut him loose with hacksaws. Freed after an hour’s time, he fell unconscious. He was taken to a hos pital. Both of his legs were broken. He also suffered a broken right wrist, internal injuries and possibly broken ribs. Martin, an automobile company employe, apparently fell asleep at the wheel of his car. It swerved Into a concrete bridge railing. PLOT AGAINST LIFE Unnamed Man Questioned by Scotland Yard. News paper Says. By the Associated Press. ; LONDON, March 21 (Sunday).-— j The Sunday Referee reported today 1 a suspected plot against the life of j King George VI was being investi gated by Scotland Yard following a raid on the room of an unnamed man where detectives found a throw . ing knife wrapped up with a map of the coronation route. The newspaper asserted high offi cials of Scotland Yard were ques tioning the unnamed man after the search of a house in a London suburb yielded the knife and a number of documents. It reported that detectives who raided the man’s room also found more than 100 newspaper clippings giving details of the coronation pro cession May 12. Details covered by the clippings, it said, including the position to be occupied by the King's carriage in the procession, the times when the certain points and the exact route procession was scheduled to pass to be followed. Inquiries at the special branch of Scotland Yard—the department which protects royalty and deals with political matters — brought neither ( confirmation nor denial of the Sun day Referee's report. "We are not in a position to give any information," the duty officer there said. “We have no statement whatever to make." The newspaper reported that the greatest secrecy was being main tained over the identity of the man being questioned. It added it was likely no statement would be issued until Scotland Yard completes its in quiries. It said many persons were being questioned and inquiries were being made all over London in an effort to check up on the man’s move ments. -• FARMER, 70, IS BLAMED FOR SLAYING OF WIFE __ Man in Critical Condition in Hos pital After Reported Sui cide Attempt. B> the Associated Press. CHESTER, S. C„ March 20 —Sheriff William H. Peden reported that Wil liam Ainsley Darby, sr., 70-year-oid farmer, shot and killed his wife at their home near here tonight and then shot himself in a suicide attempt. Darby, a bullet in his temple, was said to be in a critical condition at a Chester hospital. The slain woman, who was 50 years old, was Darby's second wife. His first wife died about six years ago. The sheriff quoted a neighbor as saying that after two shots were heard in the Darby farm home, the elderly farmer cried from the door, Go get the law.” Ford Denies He Will Shut Down If Strikes Spread to His Plants By the Associated Press. WAYS, Ga„ March 20.—Henry Ford said today reports he has heard that he planned to shut down his plants in the event of a strike were ‘‘abso lutely untrue.” “X have heard reports that I said we would shut down for three years, if necessary, in the event of a strike,” Ford said in an authorized interview at his Winter home here. He did not mention the sources of the reports. ‘‘Well, that’s not true. We are not going to shut down. We intend to keep operating to the last man.” Ford said there had been no labor trouble in his widely scattered plants, but he had experienced some difficulty w ith his sources of supplies. "The only object of a strike in any of our plants would be an effort to make us shut down. We don’t intend to do that,” he said. "The international financiers, who are really back of these strikes, have plenty to do besides trying to control industry. Let them create a proper distribution system that will be based upon what each country produces. That would keep them engaged, a “The whole object of the strikes is to kill competition, and we are about the only competition that financiers have at this time. “They’ll not get anywhere while I’m alive in their efforts to make us shut down.” Ford’s statement was the first he has made this year about his prob able policy should a strike occur in the Ford Motor Co. "About three years ago,” Ford re lated, “we had a little strike on our assembly line in our Chester, Pa., plant. The men just walked out. Edsel, my son, and I were talking about it at the table. I said, as long as they have walked out, just let them stay out. We stopped operating the assembly line for a time, but the other activties in the plant continued. “The strike leaders then formed a cavalcade and started toward our New York plant in an effort to start a strike there. Their idea then, as it is now, was to get us to shut down, but we didn’t shut down.” • Ford reiterated his advice to work ers to “stay out of labor unions.” “Those who join,” Ford charged, “will be like the turkey—they'll get it in the neck eventually.”. y PLANE CRACKED UP BUT MISS EARDART WILL TRY II AGAIN’ Quick Thinking of Aviatrix Credited With Saving Crew in Smash-up. CAUSE OF ACCIDENT NOT FULLY DETERMINED Blow-out, Sloshing of Gasoline or Wet Spot in Runway Variously Blamed. BACKGROUND— Six times Amelia Earhart, first woman to fly the Atlantic, has cheated death in crack-ups. Her first teas August 31, 1928, at Pitts burgh. She was injured only once, at Norfolk, Va„ in September, 1930, when her plane upset. Her project ed 27,000-mile 'round-the-world flight in "J80,000 flying laboratory” started auspiciously Thursday, when she set a record of IS hours SI V2 minutes on the California Hawaii leg, beating the best Clipper time by 1 hour 61- minutes. Pur pose of her trip was to test the human equation in long flights. By ilie Associated Press. HONOLULU. March 20.—Amelia j Earhart cracked up her “laboratory i plane' and her world flight hopes to day in a split-second brush with death. Her quick thinking saved the lives of herself and two male com panions. Rolling down the Wheeler Field run way at 50 miles an hour, bound for tiny Howland Island, the $80,000 plane began swaying crazily as nearly three tons of gasoline sloshed about in the ! partly-filled fuel tanks. Under the strain the right tire burst and the plane jumped out of control, j “A tire blew out . . . No one was hurt . . Only our spirits are bruised ... I cut the switches.” That was it in Miss Earhart's own words. Plane Badly Damaged. The left undercarriage buckled and the left wing slashed into the ground. The ship then spun to the right, i crashed down on its right wing, and the right motor snapped off the right wheel. A single spurt of flame came from the twdsted derelict—but only one— j for audacious Amelia had snapped off the vital ignition switches. White-faced but calm in her sixth narrow escape in her spiectacular avia tion career, she popped her head out of the cockpit and shouted to the i still paralyzed onlookers: "Something must have gone W'rong!" Her navigators, Capt. Harry Man ning and Fred J. Noonan, crawled out and surveyed the broken ship. Her Voice Trembles. There was a tremor in her voice. 1 but she showed no outward effects of the ordeal save her paleness and the loss of a paper lei which hung about her neck as she started down the runway. a lew hours later Miss Earhart, j Manning. Noonan and Mantz sailed for Los Angeles on the steamer Malolo, determined to have their plane re paired at its Southern California factory preparatory to resuming the projected 27,000-mile world flight. Although Miss Earhart gave no out ward sign of agitation as she emerged from the sixth escape of her aviation career, she seemed bedraggled and tired as she hurried up the gang plank to sail. She wore several lets, somewhat the worse for rain, and still was at tired in the brown slacks and leather jacket she wore when she started her world flight from Oakland last Wed nesday. Her always touseled hair seemed more awry than usual. Accom panied by Mantz, she rushed up the gangplank without speaking to in terviewers. “I’ll Be Back.” Miss Earhart's chin went up. how ever, as the liner moved out to the strains of the inevitable ’’Aloha Oe.” I”ll be back,” she said. “I hope this is only a postpone ment. I talked with Mr. Putnam (George Palmer Putnam, her hus band, in Oakland) and he was happy to hear our voices. He said as long as we were safe, nothing else mattered.” Before sailing Miss Earhart con ferred with postal officials regarding several thousand special stamp cachets she was to have carried around the world. They were held for further instructions. The Coast Guard and the Navy re called three ships which had been standing by along the route to How land Island. An examination of the plane’s tracks showed it had passed over a small patch of grass which did not protrude above the concrete runway, but which W'as wet. For 150 yards the tracks showed how the plane swerved to the left until Miss Earhart "gunned” the left motor. One of the first Army officers to reach the scene said Amelia remarked disconsolately: “It’s a total wreck. I hit a wet spot.” Says Blowout Caused Crash. Brig. Gen. Barton K. Yount of the Army Air Force asserted, however, the field, with concrete runways, was in good condition. He said the blowout was the cause of the crash. Other aviation experts expressed the belief the heavy load of gasoline washing in the tanks set the plane to swaying. The tanks have a capacity of 1,151 gallons, but contained only between 800 and 900. "When the plane started swinging,” Miss Earhart told Gen. Yount, “I couldn't get it out (of the swing).” “I never saw any one with cooler nerve,” said Gen. Yount. The general added that Miss Ear hart's tires had been “carefully (See FLIGHT, Paga A-13.) __WHEN WILL HE WAKE UP? La Guardia Anti-Nazi Speeches May Result in Luther^s Recall Ambassador of Germany Embarrassed by Dip lomatic Incidents. B7 the Associated Press. Diplomats heard yesterday that Dr. Hans Luther soon will be replaced as Germany’s Ambassador to the United States. One possible reason advanced in these quarters was that Luther's offi cial position in Washington had been made difficult by the recent series of diplomatic incidents that followed Mayor Fiorello H. La Guardia's anti Nazi speeches in New York Twice within the last three weeks the envoy was called on by his Gov ernment to protest to the State De partment against addresses in which La Guardia denounced Chancellor Hitler of Germany. The controversy was attended by an outbreak of bitter feeling. Attacks were made in the German press (See LUTHER7 Page A-14.) HANS HEINRICH DIECKHOFF JOHNSON ACCUSES U l - | Commerce Official Charges Effort to Lay Crash to Innocent Man. BACKGROUND— The crash of a Transcontinental <t- Western Air transport plane carrying Senator Cutting of New Mexico and five other persons to their death near Kirksville, Mo., early in the morning of May 6, 1935, precipitated a special Senate investigation which has continued for nearly two years. The Senate Committee, headed by Senator Copeland of New York, submitted two reports, the first de manding a shake-up of the Bureau of Air Commerce, which it blamed for responsibility of the crash. The second report, made public last week, called on Congress to appro priate $14,500,000 for improvement of Federal aid to air navigation and for aeronautical research work. BY JOSEPH S. EDGERTON. Charges that investigators for the Senate committee which for more than a year has been probing the Bureau of Air Commerce, sought to pin the blame for the airplane crash in which Senator Cutting of New fexicc was killed on an innocent man, because that “seemed an easy solution,” were made by Assistant Secretary of Com merce J. Monroe Johnson in a letter to Chairman Copeland of the com mittee, it was reveailed .last night. Col. Johnson also charged that the investigation was conducted by "preju diced” employes of the committee. His letter was included in a published transcript of secret hearings and evidence submitted to the committee. “I firmly believe,” Johnson said, “that no fair-minded person could review evidence in the department’s hands and question for a single moment the soundness of the charge of prejudice we have made.” Discussing the investigation of the Cutting accident, near Kirksville, Mo., in May, 1935, Col. Johnson said: “Initially, the committee's chief in vestigator inaugurated his work by pursuing the original suggestion of the operators of the plane, Transcon tinental & Western Air, Inc. (a sug gestion later abandoned in behalf of another explanation), that the acci dent was due to erroneous weather reporting by the department’s air ways keeper on duty at Kirksville. "When the investigator was queried informally by a bureau official about the information he had obtained about the performance of the keeper, he replied that to place the blame on the keeper 'seemed an easy solu tion. I thought it would be much easier than going into all the de tails.’ This remark was made over a telephone by the investigator and (See CRASH, Page A-16.) . , , . —— m • ■ Leaps to Death From Plane. BURBANK, Calif., March 20 (/?).— United Air Lines officials announced tonight Anatol Maren, 30, of San Francisco, had broken open an emer gency exit window and leaped to death from one of their planes which left there at 7 o’clock toniaht. Socialists Take Additional Towns in Battles on Gau dalajara Front. BACKGROUND— Spanish civil war going into ninth month with insurgent Fas cists holding greater part of Span ish territory and. Socialist loyalists retaining control of Madrid, Barce lona, Valencia and most of eastern seaboard. Madrid, besieged since last Fall, continues to hold out against re peated onslaughts of rebel forces, augmented by Italian and German volunteers and war material. Agreement in force among neutral nations to prevent shipment of men or material to either faction in Spain. Italians charged with vio lating pact with arrival of new military units. By the Associated Press. MADRID, March 20.—More towns fell today before the advance of jubi lant government soldiers, who sent insurgents fleeing in a “demoralized mass’ on the Guadalajara front, the Madrid defense command declared tonight. “It is useless for the enemy to try to disguise its defeat,” said a com munique. “There are abundant proofs of the glorious triumph of our arms.” (Dispatches from Insurgent headquarters made no mention of the fighting on the Guadalajara (See SPAIN, Page A-14T ~ Last Family Is Forcibly Ejected From Shenandoah Park Home 8pecial Dispatch to The Star. LURAY, Va„ March 20.—Walker Jenkins and his wife and 3-year-old son—the baby suffering from colic and his parents only recently recov ered from influenza—were routed from their beds by Page County officers in a drizzling rain tonight and forced to vacate their home in Shenandoah National Park. The eviction, made by Sheriff J. William Ruffner and Deputies Rumsey Sedgwick and W. E. Hill after Dr. H. Goodwin had declared the family in condition to be moved, was the final step in the authorities’ long-drawn-out efforts to clear the park of permanent inhabitants. Other residents of the section had acquiesced to the plans, but officers had failed several times in the last few years in their efforts to enforce an eviction writ served on Jenkins. As Hill was carrying out the baby, who was bundled in an overcoat. Jen kins’ 17-year-old daughter Rilla is said to have struck at him. Ruffner pushed the girl aside, it is said, and she threatened him with a knife. Mrs. Jenkins also had to be carried from the house, located in a meadow about 2 miles from Skyline Drive. Wrapped in a blanket, she was placed in Ruffner’s automobile as other ofll cers escorted her husband from the dwelling. After the Jenkinses had been taken to the county poor house. Will Bailey, 71, who was born on the property, appeared with the announcement: "I ain't going to let them take my things. They belong to me. And I'm not going to the poor house. I'll find some place to stay tonight.” He packed his belongings into a large sack, threw it across his shoulder and, with a pair of saddle-bags over the other shoulder, two hats in one hand and an ax in the other, trudged away. Rilla and her brother Nathan, 14, also said they did not know where they would spend the night. The boy, however, volunteered to look after the family’s 17 hogs. 4 cows. 80 chickens and 1 horse—if they could be rounded up. In the house tne officers found sev eral barrels of flour and large quanti ties of sugar, canned fruit and other provisions. The deputies hauled the supplies to St. Luke’s Mission. Jim Gray, an elderly man. who as sisted the officers, said after the fam ily and their belongings had been taken away: "If I had it to do over again, I wouldn’t come.j 7 B Landis Predicts They May Be Accepted as Was Claim of Strike Right. A suggestion that sit-down strikes might ultimately be recognized as legal, just as strikes themselves have become legalized, was made last night by James M. Landis, chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Talking at Catholic University to the Eastern Law Students' Conference. Landis, dean-designate of Harvard Law School, said: “The claim today that men can occupy premises to keep their claim to strike intact is similar to the claim of the employer to close his premises against his employes. The question is whether property in such a dispute is going to be recognized as inviolable. Possible Outcome. “The eventual outcome of such a claim will depend, in part, perhaps, on the capacity of our law to devise new* concepts and mechanisms to meet the needs out of which this type of eco nomic pressure has been born." Landis led up to the sit-down strike by tracing the slowness of the law to recognize the claim of workers to com pensation. to strike, to induce fellow’ employes not to work during a strike and to the claim of the right to bargain collectively.. Landis held the sit-down is a coun terpart of the lockout, but added “this new claim of workers to prevent all production finds itself with doubtful legal justification’’ because the lockout involves no question of property. “The claims that industry must pay a living wage, that merchandisers must make truthful statements of the character of their products, that cor porate structures must be simplified, that in agriculture and mining other people shall not be allowed to waste natural resources—all these are claims clamoring for recognition." Landis said. I Better Legal Machinery Held Need. There is a clamor, too, the speaker added, for better legal machinery. This clamor, he said, arises from “the delay and cost in court procedure and the lack of experts among men who adjudicate claims. “The law itself just won’t stand frustration of that kind." Landis re marked of the delay and cost and lack of experts, and then urged that inde pendent administrative commissions, composed supposedly of experts, be 1 made immune from many of the chal ' lenges to which they now are subject from the courts. He suggested that just as equity courts were developed long ago to offset the antiquated interpretation of the common law, the administra tive commission should be put in the same relation to modern courts as the equity courts were to common law courts to "expand and revitalize" the law. “Play out on the frontier of social (See LANDIS, Page A-5.) NATION’S LEADERS CALLED COWARDLY ON “SIT” STRIKES Silence of Roosevelt and Congress Hit by Senator at Court Hearing. RESPONSIBILITY LAID TO JUSTICES’RULINGS Pecora Also Charges Example Was Set for Workers by High Finance. BY JOHN H. CLINE. President Roosevelt and Congress have been "cowardly” in failing to de nounce sit-down strikes. Senator Van Nuys, Democrat, of Indiana charged yesterday at the conclusion of a tense hearing by the Senate Judiciary Com mittee on the bill to enlarge the Su preme Court. "I think we have been cowardly— both Congress and the President—in not strongly denouncing these strikes," Van Nuys declared, "Had we done so, I believe they could have been stopped in 48 hours.” Van Nuys’ statement came just after Justice Ferdinand Pecora of the New York Supreme Court had placed the primary responsibility for the sit down strikes on Supreme Court deci sions and the example "set by high finance and merely copied by work ing men and women.” Supporters End Testimony. Pecora's statement concluded a week of testimony by witnesses called in support of the Presidents’ plan to ap point six new justices to the high court unless those justices now’ over 70 resign. The opponents of the measure will begin presentation of their case tomorrow, with the liberal Senator Wheeler, Democrat, of Mon tana, as their first witness. It is ex pected he will be followed by Ray mond Moley, formerly chief "brain truster” of the New Deal. The presence of the fiery Pecora and a sharp quarrel between the pre ceding witness. Irving Brant, and Senator Connally. Democrat, of Texas, revived flagging interest in the : hearing. Mrs. Alice Longworth. widow of j the former Speaker of the House and daughter of President Theodore Roosevelt, again occupied a chair be hind the committee table. Peering at Pecora through a tortoise shell lorgnette, she laughed at his verbal tilts with committee members, jotted down an occasional note and puffed on numerous cigarettes, despite a dozen or more "Positively No Smok ing” signs. These have been consist ently disregarded throughout the hearings. Pecora Draws Visitors. Pecora's presence also attracted a number of Senators who are not mem bers of the committee. Chairman Ashurst refused to let them partici pate in the questioning, but several, notably La Follette and Minton of j Indiana, became so interested in the i preceedings that they evaded the rule by writing out questions and passing ! them to friendly committee membeis j to propound. At the outset of his statement, Pecora. who attained national recog j nition while conducting the Senate stock market investigation during tha early days of the New Deal, criticized two Supreme Court justices—one by name and the other by implication. After declaring “the myth that tha courts can do no wrong is absurdly ! false and dangerous to the integrity I of the judicial system,” he added: “The idea that it is contrary to a sort of eleventh commandment to criticize the courts has tended to I make the judges less sensitive to ! merited as well as unmerited criti cism. It has accentuated a feeling on the part of some judges that all criticism directed toward them is in bad taste and evidences a want of sportsmanship.”. Seen Aimed at Me Reynolds. This, apparently, was aimed at Supreme Court Justice McReynolds, who told the Phi Delta Theta frater nity Tuesday night that "the evi dence of good sportsmanship is that a man who has had a chance to present a fair case to a fair tribunal must te | a good sport and accept the outcome." Later, he quoted the following from (See COURT, Page A-6.) -• WINDSOR TO DEPART ON EASTER HOLIDAY Will Travel Southward From En« zesfeld Soon, Police Offi cial Beveals. By te- • -soclated Press. VIENNA, March 20 —The Duke of Windsor is making preparations to travel southward from Enzesfeld Castle in the next few days. Assistant Director of Police Ludwig Weiser dis closed tonight. He said the police w’ere working on arrangements for an extended absence by the former king, who left his throne last year for the love of Mrs. Wallis Warfield Simpson. It was stated the police understood the duke’s plans to marry Mrs. Simp son when she becomes free were un settled. but that there was an in creased possibility the ceremony would take place in France. No final decision has been reached, however, it was emphasized. The plans of the duke for absent ing himself temporarily from Enzes feld Castle were confirmed by one of his Parisian friends who said he hid indicated he would take an “Easter I holiday” away from the Rothschild j estate. -- « ■■— ,. ..... Radio Programs, Page F-3, 1 Complete Index, Page A-2. ft