Evening star. [volume], March 22, 1937, Page A-5, Image 5

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
■FOES OF FASCISM
John T. Bernard, Minnesota
Legislator, Urges “United
Front” in Fight.
By the Associated Press.
NEW YORK. March 22.—John T.
Bernard. Minnesota legislator, sang the
“Marseillaise" alone and joined other
speakers in pleading for a “united
front” to light fascism in America, at
a mass meeting protest yesterday
against “Mussolini's invasion of
Spain.”
The Mecca Temple, with 4,000 seats,
was filled to capacity. Sponsors said
$1,000 was raised to be divided between
the Garibaldi Battalion (Italian unit)
of the international column fighting
on the government side in Spain and
La Stampa Libera, which was de
scribed as the only Italian anti-Fascist
daily newspaper in the United States.
Bernard, a Corsican by birth, sang
the French revolutionary song in a
surprise event on the program after
assailing “Hearst, Morgan, Du Pont,
Mellon and their cohorts” as “the
creators of the monster, fascism, in
this country”
Concordat
(Continued From First Page.)
the holy see has not sacrosanct, un
touchable and eternal value."
The holy father's letter, read Sun
day to astonished church-goers,
brought into the open the Nazi-church
conflict which the 1933 concordat,
dealing principally with Catholic re
ligious education rights, sought to
pacify.
The Reich would V fully justified, |
said the newspaper, in invoking the
“clausula rebus sic stantibus,” a
phrase of international law interpreted
generally to mean an agreement re
mains valid only so long as conditions
at its establishment remain the same.
Without mentioning the Pope’s
communication, the paper attacked
the practice of issuing letters which
it said were used to criticize the
Reich abroad and bring disunion at
, home.
“If the preamble of the concordat
speaks of permanent regulation of re
lations between the state and the !
church, it can never mean a period !
so long that it endangers the very
existence of the state and peace at
home and abroad,” said the news
paper.
Dr. Alfred Rosenberg, leader of the
neo-pagan movement, is the editor.
Catholic circles said the papal com
munication, dated March 14 from the
Vatican, was equivalent to an encycli
cal because of its content and general \
appeal.
Pope Blames Germany.
Pope Pius declared in his letter he
signed the concordat “despite grave
misgivings, because we believed it to
be in the best interests of the church
End the German people.
"If its terms were not kept that is
not the fault of the church. The
other side made unfair interpreta
tion of the concordat, evaded its pro
visions, undermined its contents and
finally more or less openly violated
Its stipulations,’’ said the Pope.
Full rights to continue religious in
struction of Catholic youth were
promised the church in the concordat,
while civic education was delegated
to the state, which pledged uniform
education laws. In return for the
guarantee of education rights, the
church agreed to ban political pro
nouncements by Catholic churchmen,
and sanctioned dissolution of the
Catholic Center party.
The pastoral letter declared elections
on abandonment of parochial schools
In Germany were not fair because they
were not secret, and reiterated the
church never would agree to schools
in which religious teachers are not
free and in which the spirit of teach
ing in other branches is anti-Christian.
POPE WARNS REICH.
Says Attempts to Replace God Is
“Senseless Prophet of Absurdity.”
VATICAN CITY. March 22 I/P).—
Pope Pius, in a reference interpreted
at the Vatican as directed ''unmistak
ably'’ at Reichsfuehrer Adolf Hitler,
warned the Third Reich today that
any one who attempts to replace God
as the supreme religious being should
be regarded as “a senseless prophet of I
absurdity.”
In the second encyclical message in
a week, which was read yesterday in
all German Catjiolie churches, the
holy father said bluntly:
"The point has now been reached
where there is a question of the final
and highest end, of salvation or of |
perdition.”
He charged the 1933 concordat be
tween the Vatican and the Berlin gov
ernment—in which the separate rights
of church and state were set forth—
has been destroyed and “rendered in
trinsically valueless.”
He placed direct blame for destruc
tion of the agreement on the govern
ment, asserting, “We have done every
thing to defend the sanctity of the
solemnly plighted word.”
At the same ime, he expressed hope
the conflicting interests of Nazidom
and the church may be restored to |
“true peace.”
His declaration denounced the “open |
fight against confessional schools and ,
the suppression of liberty of choice |
for those who have a right to Catholic !
education.”
Charges Persecution.
Although expressing his “paternal
sorrow” over the church and state
conflict, the Pontiff militantly charged
that Catholics were being persecuted
“with pressure veiled and open and
with intimidations which promise pro
fessional, economic, civil and other
advantages.”
Calling for a return of basic the
ology, the Pope declared any one dar
ing to place a simple mortal beside or
above Christ is “a senseless prophet
of absurdities.”
The issuance of the encyclical epistle
became known here for the first time
today when the Vatican secretariat of
state issued a l,500-wTord summary of
the document which had at first been
described as an apostolic letter.
Official sources said the Holy Fa
ther’s letter constituted an offer of
collaboration to end strife over the
Intricate question of church and state
conflict.
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Text of Pope’s Encyclical
Prelate in Letter Charges Reich With Violation of
Concordat With Vatican.
I By the Associated Press.
VATICAN CITY. March 22.—
The official English abstract
of the encyclical epistle from
Pope Pius to German bishops:
The encyclical which the holy
father, under date of March 14, Pas
sion Sunday, directed to all bishops
in Germany in regard to the situation
of the Catholic
Church in the
Reich is a docu
ment of high
doctrinal value
because it reaf
firms with ad
mirable clarity
the doctrine of
the Catholic
Church against
the errors which
have been widely
diffused in Ger
many and raises
its voice against
the persecutions
to which the
Pope Pius.
church has been subjected.
But it is also a document inspired
by true and understanding benevolence
toward the German people. The ac
cents of the holy father reveal the
sorrow of one who, placed at the head
of the chuich, sees his beloved chil
dren reduced to a condition of living
which grows constantly more difficult;
it is the word of a father who ad
monishes and comforts and because
it is necessary, protests, but who is
moved by sentiment, charity and
compassion, even toward those who
offend and persecute.
Every Word Weighed.
The holy father declared: “We have
weighed every word of this encyclical
in the balance of truth and love.”
The concordat:
In the introduction of his encycli
cal letter the Holy Father treats at
length with the concordat which the
Reich concluded with the Holy See
and in which it assumed the obliga
tions which, unfortunately in a large
part, have not been fulfilled.
“When in the Summer of 1933, at
the request of the government of the
Reich, we agreed to resume negotia
tions for a concordat on the basis of
the project elaborated some years
earlier and thus reached a solemn
accord which succeeded in satisfying
you all, we were moved by duty and
of solicitude to safeguard the free
dom of the church’s mission of salva
tion in Germany and to assure the
welfare of souls entrusted to it and
at the same time we were, by a sincere
desire, rendering service of capital
interest to the pacific development
and well-being of the German people.
“In spite of many and grave mis
givings, we came then, though not
without effort, to a determination not
to deny our consent. We wished to
spare our faithful and our sons and
daughters of Germany in so far as it
was humanly possible the trials and
tribulations which otherwise they
would have had to expect in view
of the conditions of the tie.
"We desired to demonstrate, indeed,
to all that we were seeking only
Christ and things that belong to
Christ and do not refuse to extend
to any one, if he himself does not
spurn it, the peaceable hand of the
mother church.
“If the tree of peace, planted with
pure intent in German soil by us.
has not borne the fruit which we
desired in the interests of your peo
ple, there will be no one in the whole
world with eyes to see and ears to
hear who can say today that the
fault is with the church or with its
supreme head.”
The Holy Father, recalling what he
had done for the observance of pacts
freely entered into, adds:
“We have done everything to de
fend the sanctity of the solemnly
plighted word and the inviolability of
obligations voluntarily contracted
against the theories and practices
which, if officially admitted, would
have destroyed all confidence and !
rendered intrinsically valueless every
pledged assurance for the future.
“If the time ever comes to expose
to the eyes of the world these efforts
which we have made, all right thinking
men will know where to seek the
guardians of peace and where (to seek)
its disturbers.
“Whosoever has preserved in his
soul a vestige of love for truth and
in his heart even a shadow of a sense
of justice will have to admit that in
the difficult years so charged with in
cident which followed the concordat,
each one of our words and each of our
actions had as its norm fidelity to
sanctioned accords.
"But he will have to recognize also
with amazement and inward repul
sion how, from the other side, there
arose as an ordinary rule, distortion
of facts, their evasion, their voiding
and finally their more or less open
violation.”
Confronted with this state of af
fairs which is constantly getting worse,
his holiness has not found it possible
to remain silent.
“Even today when the open fight
against confessional schools protected
by the concordat and suppression of
liberty of choice for those who have a
right to Catholic education reveal, in
a field particularly vital to the church,
the tragic seriousness of the situation
and a condition of spiritual oppression
such as never before has been wit
nessed, paternal solicitude for the
good of souls counsels us not to leave
i out of consideration any prospect,
[ however slight, of a return to the
' fidelity of contracts and to an under
standing such as our conscience will
| permit.”
j The Holy Father, therefore, does not
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wish to exclude the hope, small though
it may be, that the situation may im
prove. He even declares openly:
"God, who searches hearts and
minds, is our witness that we have no
desire more intimately cherished than
that of restoring true peace between
the church and state in Germanj.
"But, if through no fault of ours,
peace is not to be, then the Church
of God will defend its rights and
liberties in the name of the Omnip
otent whose arm, even today, is not
shortened.”
On the other hand, to the children
who are suffering, the Pope cannot
refrain from saying a word of comfort
after reports made to him by their
excellencies, the bishops, some of whom
came to visit him recently during his
illness.
Right to Word of Truth.
‘‘In this hour when faith is tried
as true gold in the fire of tribulation
and persecution, both treacherous and
open, when they are hemmed in by
thousands of forms of organized re
striction of their religious liberties,
and when they are oppressed by the
impossibility of receiving true in
formation and defending themselves
by normal means, they have a double
right to a word of truth and moral
encouragement from Him, to whose
predecessor the Saviour directed those
words so full of meaning: ‘I have
prayed for thee that thy faith fail
not and that thou, being converted,
might confirm thy brethren.’ ”
Doctrinal affirmation:
Among the many points of Catholic
doctrine touched upon by the en
cyclical, it is possible in a brief resume
to indicate but few.
After recalling the correct notion of
God as ‘'Creator of the Universe, Lord,
King and ultimate end of the story of
the world, who does not and cannot
permit other gods beside him,” the
Pope adds:
If a race or people, if a State or one
of its determinate forms, if a repre
sentative of civil power or other fun
damental elements of human society
have in the natural order an essential
place and one worthy of respect, who
soever removes them from this scale
of earthly values to elevate them as
supreme ruler of all, even of religious
values, and to deify them with an
idolatrous cult, perverts and falsifies
the order created and imposed by God
and is far from true faith in God and !
from the conception of life in con- j
formity with true faith.”
Prophet of Absurdity.
After reaffirming the redemptive
mission of Jesus Christ as announced
beforehand by the sacred books of
the Old Testament, the Pope con
tinues:
"He, therefore, who with sacrilegious
disregard for the essential difference
between God and the creature between
God—man and simple man—dares I
place beside Chirst, or worse still, above
Him or against Him. a simple mortal, !
even though the greatest of all time, I
let him know that he is a senseless
prophet of absurdity to whom is to be
applied with terrible apposition the
word of the Scriptures: ‘He who dwells
in the heavens laugheth at them.’ ”
Further on he says:
"Those human laws which are in
irreconcilable opposition to natural
rights are tainted with original defect
which cannot be healed either by
coercion or by any form of external
force. By this criterion is to be
judged the principle, ‘Right is that j
which is useful to the nation.’ ”
Church Mission Cited.
Mission of the church:
The Pope brings out into particular
relief the mission and work of the
Catholic Church, which, “founded by
the Savior, is one for all people, and ,
for all nations, and under whose roof
as an arched firmament of the whole
universe, all people and all tongues find
a place and all properties, qualities,
missions and purposes which have
been assigned by God, the Creator and
Savior, to individuals and to human
societies can be developed.”
The Pope, while reiterating to
priests, religious (organizations) and
the laity the most urgent recommen- ;
| dations to fulfill better and better “the
: sacred duty of bringing faith and
i conduct into that harmony required
by the law of God and demanded with
untiring insistence by the church,”
observes human short-comings, which
unfortunately are found also among
members of the church, are not to
be exaggerated or estimated according
to an unjust measure by forgetting
the numberless merits of the church
and closing the eyes to numerous and
more grievous short-comings which
are found among those hostile to the
church.
“The divine mission which the
church fulfills among men and which
she must fulfill by means of men.
cannot be obscured by the human, at
times all too human, which at certain
times grows as a cockle amidst the
wheat of the kingdom of God.
“Those who know the word of the
Saviour in regard to scandal and
those who give scandal know how
the church and each individual should
be the judge of that which is sinful.
"But those who, basing their judg
ment upon those lamentable differ
ences between faith and living, be
tween word and action, between ex
ternal conduct and internal conviction
of some—even if there were many—
forget or knowingly pass over in
silence the immense capital of gen
uine effort toward virtue, the spirit
of sacrifice, fraternal charity and
heroic sanctity in so many members
of the church, show evidence of in
justice which is blind and blame
worthy.”
The Pope sends to the religious of
Germany, men and women, an ex
pression of gratitude which is joined
with intimate understanding and
sympathy, because, as a consequence
of measures against religious orders
and congregations many of them have
been torn away from field of activity
blessed and dear to them.
“If certain ones have been found
wanting and have shown themselves
unworthy of their vocation, their
faults, condemned also by the church,
do not diminish the very great merit
of those who, with the most disin
terested and involuntary poverty, have
served w'ith complete dedication their
God and their people.”
Deplores Opposition.
Paternal exhortations:
After other doctrinal explanations,
the holy father deplores the opposi
tion in Germany to confessional
schools of Christian education and
obstacles which have been placed in
the way of liberty and the right of
parents in regard to the education of
their children.
The holy father shares with all his
soul the sorrowful condition In which
good and faithful German Catholics
live.
“With pressure veiled and open,
with intimidation, with promises of
economic, professional, civil and other
advantages, the attachment of Cath
olics, especially of certain classes of
Catholic government employes, to
faith is exposed to violence as illegal
as it is inhuman.
"With paternal emotion, we feel and
suffer profoundly with those who have
paid such a great price for their at
tachment to Christ and to the church;
but the point has now been reached
where there is a question of the final
and highest end, of salvation or of
perdition, and therefore the only way
to .salvation for the believer is that of
generous heroism."
Finally, the Pope addresses his af
fectionate appeal to young people, to
the clergy, securlar and religious, and
to the faithful of the laity, particularly
to the millions in the ranks of Catholic
action.
In expressing the hope and desire ‘
that erring children and persecutors
of today recognize their errors and that
there may soon sound for them an hour !
of repentance, he affirms "that hasten- j
ing of that hour is the object of our
unceasing prayers.”
The encyclical concluded with the
apostolic benediction.
France
(Continued Prom First Page.)
effect one of the final phases of Air
Minister Pierre Cot's drive to take
over all military airplane accessory
factories by April 1.
Brought under actual control of
his production schedule—guarded as a
close military secret—was the Bleriot
Airplane Plant at Suresnes and the
Aeronautical Corporative Union Plant
at Begles. The Louts Breguet Plane
Factory at l'Havre already has been
decreed for nationalization and the
government will take possession in the
near future.
The growing list already includes
the mammoth Schneider works, pro
ducers of the famous 75-millimeter
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Washington’s trees are noted all over the world. But the tree
boxes, if you ask the camera man, are nothing to boast about.
They serve to collect all sorts of trash and refuse.
This one. for instance, certainly spoils the view of the marble
lady who looks out on C street, between Seventeenth and Eight
eenth. Ramshackle, falling to pieces, it catches the trash that
blows along the street—and seems to hold it.
Where is the trash man? _ —Star Staff Photo.
guns, the Brandt arms plant, the
Hotchkiss machine gun factory and
the Lemans cartridge works.
Under the nationalization law' to
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government must complete its pro
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