Evening star. [volume], May 31, 1937, Page A-7, Image 7

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
Shelling of Port Latest in
Chain of Events Threat
ening Peace.
By the Associated Press.
German warships today blew' the
lid ofl the Spanish civil war trouble
chest.
Avenging an attack on the Nazi
battleship Deutschland, sister ships
shelled the Spanish Mediterranean
port of Almeria, killing a score and
wounding many.
This is the gravest of a series of
Incidents which have kept world
statesmen fearful of a European gen
eral war.
Great as the tension was today in
European capitals, however, there was
nowhere any open official talk that a
general war was imminent. After so
many previous alarms, foreign officials
have grown less impressionable than
they once were.
Germany openly announced the
bombardment was a reprisal for the
bombing of the German pocket bat
tleship Deutschland Saturday at Ibiza
by Spanish government warplanes.
There were 24 killed and 82 injured
cm the Deutschland, which is one of
the patrol vessels under the London
Non-Intervention Committee which Is
seeking to isolate the Spanish war by
preventing foreign volunteers and
supplies going to either side.
Charge Law Violations.
Germany and Spain charged vio
lations of international law. Ger
many said the Spanish airplane at
tack was without reason and the
Valencia government today denounced
the bombardment of Almeria as with
out justification. Spain asserted the
shelling began "without warning.”
For nine months the London Non
Intervention Committee of 27 nations
has sought to localize the Spanish
war with the hope of mediating later.
The first big act was organization of
the naval and land patrol around
Spain to keep outsiders from joining
further in th* war which admittedly
has been fought quite largely with for
eign volunteers or soldieas and with
foreign war equipment. Germany and
Italy were sources of supply for the
Insurgents under Gen. Francisco
Franco. Aid for the Spanish Madrid
Valencia Socialist government came
from Russia. France and other coun
tries. Some volunteers went from the
United States.
Bombing of the German Deutsch
land and the shelling of Almeria
threatened to wreck the non-interven
tion work on the very day it was called
to consider big steps toward peace.
France and Britain hoped shortly to
achieve the withdrawal of foreigners
from both Spanish armies and ulti
mately to arrange a truce. The sub
committee meeting called in prepara
tion for a full meeting tomorrow was
postponed.
Warlike Turn.
Instead, the non-intervention pro
gram took a warlike turn with con
sideration of what Germany and the
Spanish Socialist government consid
ered acts of war by the other.
There have been previous incidents.
Germany, January 1, executed her
first reprisals against the Spanish
government by seizing two Spanish
freighters. This was retaliation for
the capture of the Nazi freighter Palos
by Spanish government warships. Ger
many acted then in fulfillment of a
warning last August 20 that German
warships would use "force” against
"all unjustifiable acts of force,” such
fis the reported searching of the Ger
man freighter Kamerun by Spanish
government forces.
The Spanish government’s bombing
©f a patrol ship was the gravest of
recent "incidents” of the same nature.
Four Spanish government aerial
bombs were reported by Germany to
have fallen close to the Nazi torpedo
boat Albatros last Thursday off Palma,
Mallorca. Germany took no reprisals
for that.
Six Italians also were killed by
Spanish aerial bombs that fell on the
Italian naval auxiliary vessel Barletta,
also off Palma.
Statesmen everywhere were anxious,
because the Spanish war is regarded
as a potential spark for the world's
powder barrel through such Incidents
as the present conflict. Their efforts
were to halt the attacks and retalia
tions. They had in their favor the
Berlin announcement that the bom
bardment of Almeria was a "reprisal”
and ended the affair. Their present
hope is that they can induce the
6panlsh government to prevent
further attacks on foreign warships.
*-• --
International
*
(Continued From First Page.)
Spanish Almeria by German warships.
Immediately on learning that a
German fleet had opened fire on the
Spanish government-held port on the
Mediterranean Premier Is*>n Blum
called representatives of the British
and Soviet government to his office
for a hurried aonference.
Sir Eric Phipps, the British Am
bassador, and Eugene Hirschfield.
Charge d’Affaires of the Soviet Em
bassy, were closeted with the premier
for nearly two hours.
Blum Sees Spanish Envoy.
Blum also talked with Luis Ara
quistain, the Valenca government’s
Ambassador to Paris.
French officials said the Deutsch
land unquestionably had jo business
at Ibiza since the island was held by
the insurgents and it was the province
of the French fleet to patrol the island
for the Non-Intervention Committee.
They deprecated the fact Germany
"had not acted with the same level
headedness" as they said was shown
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Bombed Reich Warship Limps Into Port
7,rman pocrcet battleship Deutschland, shoivn at the time of her outfitting, put into
uioraitar today with 24 sailors dead and many wounded after an aerial bombing attributed by
uerman sources to loyal Spanish planes of lbi:a, Spain. —Copyright, A. P. Wirephoto.
-
Location of Almeria. Spanish port, is shown in map of
Mediterranean area of country. —A. P. Photo.
what may prove to be but the begin- [
ning of further international compli
cations growing out of the Spanish
civil war.
Although there was no indication
of the next step in German policy, the |
German war fleet was ordered to weigh
anchor immediately to reinforce the
fighting units already in Spanish wa
ters.
"Shoot on Sight” Orders.
At the same time German naval
forces received orders to shoot at
sight at any approaching plane or man
of war of the Spanish government as
long as the present disturbed condi
tion lasts.
The non-intervention communique
read:
‘ The German representative to the
Non-intervention Committee has re
ceived orders to Inform the chairman ;
of the committee of the facts offi- i
ciall.v established concerning Ibiza, and
notify him of the following decision
of the Reich's government:
"The Reich's government will not
participate in the control system nor
sessions of the Non-intervention Com
mittee as long as no guarantee Is
given that such happenings will not
recur.
‘‘The Reich's government, of course,
will decide according to its own ideas
on measures to be taken toward the
red rulers in answer to thi unex
ampled and treacherous assaults.
"It has in addition ordered its
warships for the duration of this con
dition to ward off by force every
approaching red Spanish plane or
man of war."
A foreign office spokesman de
clared the German men of war were
careful in bombing Almeria to take
only military reprisals and not to
involve civilians.
Such reprisals, he said, were clearly
within international law.
More Violent Than Italy.
That Germany acted far more vio
lently than Italy—one of whose ships
previously had been bombarded under
circumstances similar to the attack
on the Deutschland—he explained on
grounds that the death of six Italian
officers was the first such case, calling
usually for mere warnings.
The attack on the Deutschland, he
said, was repetition of early offenses
despite warnings.
(The German government last week
declared one of its destroyers, the
Albatros, barely escaped damage
when Spanish government airplanes
dropped four bombs near her in a
Ballearic port.)
Ihe spokesman scoffed at the pos
sibility that Germany's dispatch of
naval reinforcements to Southern
Spain indicated further warlike ac
tion.
He said the damaged Deutschland
would have to be relieved, that the
war vessels now participating in the
international control fleet would have
to be convoyed home, and that, there
fore, the sending of additional ships
wras unavoidable.
The neighborhood of the foreign
office showed the tension. Growds
gathered densely in the Wilhelm
strasse and in the Wilhelmsplatz, in
front of the chancellory, waiting as
though they expected something un
usual to happen.
Both streets were lined with auto
mobiles of German officials and the
Berlin diplomatic corps, indicating
foreign missions as well as the Reich's
leaders were deeply concerned over
the situation.
The government officially announced
today its warships had destroyed Al
meria in retaliation for the bombing
of the Deutschland.
Communique on Reprisal.
The communique issued by the Ger
man government said:
"As a reprisal for the criminal as
sault by red bombers on the armored
cruiser Deutschland, lying at anchor,
the fortified Harbor of Almeria was
shelled during the morning hours by
German sea forces. After the port was
destroyed and the opposing red bat
teries silenced, the retaliatory action
was broken off and ended.
"Additional ships of the German
war fleet will take to sea immediately
to reinforce our fighting units in
Spanish waters."
Almost at the same time the wound
ed Deutschland slipped into the Har
bor of Gibraltar last night with its
flag at halfmast in mourning for her
211 dead, Chancellor Hitler summoned
the leaders of the Reich into a hasty
cabinet session.
An official communique announced
the cabinet felt itself compelled "to
take measures which it will, without
delay, communicate to the Non-inter
vention Committee."
Just before he left to join his leader
for the fateful conference at the
chancellery, Col. Gen. Hermann Wil
helm Goering declared to a Thuringian
Nazi convention:
"National Socialist Germany is de
termined to make every sacrifice to
guarantee German liberty. It is less
important whether we are loved or
hated than it is whether we are re
spected and esteemed!"
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j by Britain and Prance in similar cir
| cuinstances.
i While Prance and England had not
, suffered such casualties, they said,
] they nevertheless had ships bombed by
one side or the other and France had
| two commercial airliners "deliberately"
shot down without reacting in the
same manner as Germany.
Referring to the presence of the
i Deutschland at Ibiza, they declared
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, bombing of the Deutschland by gov
ernment planes could hardly have been
. anything more than a deliberate move.
NAZIS QUIT COMMITTEE.
Excitement Is High in Berlin as
Reprisal Is Made.
BERLIN, May 31 </P).—The German
government announced today it would
not participate in any further sessions
of the London Non-intervention Com
-
mittee or the control of arms and
volunteers to Spain until it was given
guarantees there would be no further
incidents such as bombing of the
Deutschland.
The announcement came hard on
the heels of the destruction of the
Spanish government port of Almeria
on the Mediterranean for the bombing
Saturday at dusk of the Deutschland,
in which 24 German sailors were
killed and 82 wounded.
Germany acted single-handedly to
wipe out what she considered the stain
on her honor caused by the bombing
of the Deutschland while she lay at
anchor off Ibiza in the Balearic Isles.
Paying bark the Spanish govern
ment in kind. Fuehrer Adolf Hitler
ordered the shelling of the port in
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