Evening star. [volume], June 19, 1937, Page B-1, Image 15

About Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972

Image provided by: Library of Congress, Washington, DC

                
d-1 FEATURES ' |-1 3
Books Art Music ^ Society—Church News B
, _V > /_Vl ^ WITH IUKPAT HOMIKfl M1T10W _(/ ^_ - - —
j _WASHINGTON, D. G, SATURDAY, .TUNE 19, 1937._*_PAGE B^l
FQUR-H CLUBS PROVIDE APPRENTICESHIP FOR FARM LIFE
^ ■ ..... —.. , , ^ ^ ^ ^ __ .
Chb members icith their pure-bred Guernsey cows.
Sister club members in their vegetable garden project.
- *
A club c/irl preserving some of her prize fruit.
A club member feeds his litter of prize pigs.
CHOSEN FEW IN CAMP HERE
Those Youngsters You See Around Town, Boys in White Uni
fofrns, Girls in Green—They’re the Pick of a Million Future
Farmers and Farm Housewives.
By Blna Wharton.
• OL1NTARY apprentices of the
bmness of farming are some
1.10 000 rural boys and girls
n<w between the ages of 10
and 20. Tley don't call themselves ap
prentices. They're members of the
*-H club* instituted and guided by the
United Sttes Department of Agri
rulture aid the Co-operative Agri
cultural Btenslon Service. There are
4-H rlubslin all 48 States, in Hawaii.
, Alaska aid Puerto Rico. A great
number oithe boys will be the future
farmers ij their communities. Some j
of the gi» will be in the farm busi- ]
ness. too.although most of them will i
he the site partners in farm homes,
always « closely tied to the farm
business.
A possile return to some form of
♦he appratice system Is much in the
educationl air just now. There is a
recognize! shortage of trained skilled
workers t many trades. In the 4-H
flubs, agiculture has its own type of
•pprentlcship, which merits more
than pasing attention as a valuable
type of yuth guidance.
Appreniceshlp in the form of 4-H
«lub wor 1(costs nothing but an honest
effort to complete a given project of
productio, designed to show some
better practice on the farm or in the
home orrummunity. There are no
national :lub dues, no obligatory uni
forms, n< political faiths to subscribe
to or apport, no fixed term of
membersiip and no required number
of credit to be obtained. The 4-H
rlover bnds for hat or sleeves cost
but a fei rents. It is true that some
States hve special pins, and so on,
which ggnify the important place
elub wok holds in the lives of the
member* but no farm boy or girl is
barred fom membership because of
lack of the price of such emblems.
The protect is the only real require
ment, wth its sequel, an exhibit or
, demonsfcation.
The a&km asters set over these
/oung apprentices to the business of
farming are invisible. They are the
atandartk of the best agricultural and
home tfonomics practice, and the
tuner uife in each one to learn enough
to meet those standards. Club work
has a feed, symbolized by the four
ITs in it Insignia—“I pledge my Head
to dealer thinking; my Heart to
greater,Joyaltv; my Hands to larger
•errice; and my Health to btfter
living, my club, my community and
my country."
/"',LUB members »re serious and en
thiziastic about the tasks they
iet then selves in the projects they
•elect, Bpur* along the way are the
chances to outdo their friends in the
neighbofhood, to win prizes and trips,
to sell quality products and earn
money as they go, to become leaders in
club anl community, and, as they get
older, to work for an Ideal farm house
life, 'fretty clear-cut objectives, of
• kind we Americans indorse.
The (projects carried on by club
i membei* differ, of course, according
to the tarm practice in different sec
tions. More than 30 different phases
of faming and homemaking may be
Undertaken by these boys and girls.
All projects are listed in all States,
but so(ne are more conspicuous in
one area than in another. The same
ittembeu may change projects from
year to year until they have com
pleted work in several fields. Sur
prisingly, you will find girls with ]
, dairy ind live stock projects and)
boy* who want to learn canning as
well as crop production.
Boys and girls often taken seven or
eight years of club work, the years
corresponding to the last part of
grade school and most of high school.
Sometimes the club members are
continuing in school, carrying club
work as a side line. Sometimes they
have already left school, and their
club undertakings fill a gap that has
come all too aoon. Often the club
, member who has a garden firnishes
the family table with vegetables. The
poultry club member supplies chick
ens and eggs, besides selling the sur
plus as farm youngsters have always
done. The girl who is learning meal,
planning and preparation takes over
aotne of her mother’s work, or cans
many quarts of food products for
family use and for sale.
Out la the Middle West there are a
number of baby beef, swine and other
live stock projects. Potatoes may be
ehoeen by the Maine boys who expect
to go In for them In a big way later
on. Forestry is a project la several
of the Northern tier of States, in
Tennessee and West Virginia South
. «m, club work emphasizes gardens')
“ tanning, poultry. Dairying interest/!
I many boys and girls of New York
State, Wisconsin and Minnesota.
Whatever the project the direction
of an experienced club agent or local
leader is needed. This is what gives
j point to 4-H Club membership as a
; system of training or apprenticeship.
| Gradually the younger members rise
[ to be officers and leaders in their
' local groups. They take the respon
i sibility for keeping newer members
shooting at the goals set before them
| —raising an acre of vegetables, per
! haps, or caring for three pure-bred
| calves or a flock of hens—whatever
j the boy or girl has agreed to do. They
| go in teams to demonstrate good
! practices in some phase of club work
at the county or State fairs.
-
members are often called on
to participate in different civic
! and community activities. In the
! Winter and Spring of 1936. for ex
i ample, the Massachusetts 4-H clubs,
; working under the State extension
foresters and entomologists, destroyed
a million of the tent caterpillars that
! infest New England roadsides every
year.
Specialized training in judging live
j stock and other farm products is
given as their apprenticeship con
tinues. Extension leaders in 4-H
club work believe that the future
farmer must know quality standards
before he can buy or produce stock or
sell products successfully. The farm
homemaker must also know what
constitutes a quality article, whether
it be a house dress, a can of fruit or
a loaf of bread. Competition in
judging, therefore, is a feature of
most fairs and exhibits of club work.
In the last five to ten years fine
health standards have been held up
to club members, tied up with a
knowledge of good diet, and willing
ness to raise the foodstuffs that con
tribute to balanced meals. By -com
peting for high health scores, each
club member realizes that he or she
is his own best exhibit.
By the time a boy or girl has had
experience in leadership, in making
public demonstrations and in judging
agricultural exhibits, he or she has
generally won a number of prizes.
These are very often in the form cf
money or additional stock, sometimes
trips to the county or State fair. Every
; club member exhibits, and mast cf j
' them try tc produce something that
will be worth showing.
Bankers and other business men,
chambers of commerce, community
organizations of various kinds, show a
great deal of interest in 4-H Club
work. This is not philanthropy on
their part. It's to the advantage of
i thase already active in the business i
i structure of an agricultural district to
foster the most likely human material
for a healthy and stable future eco- j
nomic life in their region. Many a :
rural bank has started a penniless !
4-H Club boy out with a brood sow .
under an agreement that repayment j
will be made out of the first litter. The 1
banker then has another pig to lend
to another club boy. A few invest
ments of this kind on the part of the
bank results in a revolving fund avail
| able to the youngsters of the county
| who will be its business men in an
| other decade or so. Cash loans for
' seed and fertilizer to plant a crop or ,
j for the purchase of pure-bred live j
I stock have helped individual rural j
| boys and girls, it is true, but they also i
(Continued on Page B-6.1
h I'wsr-’.
There is no racial discrimination at the Police Bops' Chib.
Here are a pair of prospective Joe Louises mixing it up in the
club ring.
CRIME-PREVENTION INSURANCE
That’s What Citizens’ Contributions to Metropolitan Police Boys’
Clubs Is, Says Maj. Brown, Pointing to Success of System
in Reducing Juvenile Delinquency.
By Phillip N. Joachim.
C' ONVINCED that curtailment
of crime lies in prevention
rather than correction, Po
lice Superintendent Ernest
i W. Brown three years ago organized
I the Boys’ Club of the Metropolitan
Police.
With establishment of the first
branch at the fifth precinct in 1934.
the club has prospered by leaps and
bounds, until today it boasts four
| branches having a membership of 7,
! 500 and a 168-acre river camp.
Today committees of prominent, in
terested citizens and willing police
men are in the midst of a *75,000
! drive for funds with which to operate
the club during 1937.
W'hile the committeemen work,
those underprivileged youths who are
eligible for a camp vacation day
dream. But for a number there will
be disappointment.
Due to a lack of money only 200
boys may be accommodated each
week. Even this is double the num
ber cared for last Summer.
“X wish X could do more." Maj.
Brown says. “Almost every day my
office receives one or two tales of pov
erty from some mother asking If we '
could not possibly keep her son at ;
camp longer.”
"But It Is not only the camp we '
desire to enlarge.” Maj. Brown con- I
tinues, "it is the whole club. Learn
ing of the delinquency decrease in the
various areas from between 45 to 79
per cent, many sections have peti
tioned for a branch for their section.
"Nothing would please me better,
but this cannot be done without more
funds. The clubs are a benefit to the
city,” he points out, "and the citi
zens should support them readily.”
Located at Scotland, near Point
Lookout. Md , the camp affords swim
ming. boating, health supervision,
recreation and education. There are
18 buildings on the site, including
14 sleeping cabins. Fourteen more
cabins are urgently needed. Club of
ficials also hope for a 82.000 donation
to cover expenses of building a me
morial recreation hall.
Last Summer 361 underprivileged
boys were given one-week vacations.
The camp opening has tentatively
been set for June 26.
Practically all of the vegetables used
in feeding the youths are raised on
the camp farm. This year it is
planned that fish used there for food
will be caught in nets to be placed in
the river.
During this ramp period, which Is
expected to end about the middle of
September, the remaining club mem
bers may at least find recreation at
the local clubs, three of which are for
white and one for colored boys.
There, too, the boys may enjoy read
ing in the libraries, play "quiet" games
such as chess and checkers, be taught
boxing and wrestling and dancing and
engage in dramatics, as well as use the
gymnasium.
CO SUCCESSFUL has the club
been in its chief aim, "reduction
of delinquency,” that it has attracted
the attention of many national figures,
including Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Attorney General Cummings. Chief
G-Man J. Edgar Hoover, Orchestra
Leaders Rudy Vallee and Paul White
man, Right Rev. James E. Freeman
and Rabbi Abram Simon.
Mr*. Roosevelt recently made a gen
erous donation to the club's 875,000
campaign, while Whiteman presented
a silver trophy to be handed down
each year to the inter-club base ball
champions.
Several weeks ago a member of the
famed Scotland Yard force, touring
this country in connection with a
study of crime and crime prevention,
stopped off in Washington for first
hand information of the club's work,
telling Maj. Brown that news of Its
success had reached as far as Eng
land.
The club's band of (13 boys has re
ceived much praise and last year filled
53 engagements.
Objectives of the club, as set forth
by Mai. Brown, are as follows:
U) To develop correct speech, bene
ficial sports and clean habits among
the boys of Washington.
t2> To co-opeiwte with all recog
nized agencies in their work for the
development of good citizenship in
Washington.
i <3) To teach the fundamentals of
law observance.
| (♦) The proper direction of rec
reational activities to lessen juvenile
delinquency, and.
(5; To create an Interest among
the citizens of Washington In their
responsibilities to youth.
In less than one month after open
inc' of thp rolnr^ri rlnh nr Ttrolfth
U streets more than 3.500 boy* en
rolled.
The other clubs are No. 4. located
at 472 I street southwest; No. 5. In the
fifth precinct building, and No. 21.
which recently moved into modernized
quarters at Kenilworth avenue and
Ordway street northeast.
Last year the medical clinic ex
amined 792 youths and reported 308
needed treatment. The dental clinic
j examined 301 boys, made 179 extrac
; tions and administered 376 fillings.
! The management of the club# is on
a sound business basis with a modern
| system of accounting and control, *
[ under the direct supervision of mem
bers of the Board of Directors: James
E. Colliflower, president; Maj. Brown,
founder and vice president; John A.
Remon, chairman of the board; Morris
Cafritz, vice president; Raymond F.
Garrity, vice president; Robert V.
Fleming, treasurer; L. Gordon Leech,
secretary; James A. Councilor, con
troller; William C. Shelton and Mai.
Robert A. McClure, members of the
board; Mrs. John Allan Dougherty,
president, Women's Auxiliary, and
Sergt. John E. Scott, director.
The $75,000 sought will be spent in
the following manner; (For operationi,
administrative, $3,020; club#, $21,
728.50; band, $2,193; medical and
dental clinics. $1,425; Camp Brown,
$9,475; contingencies, $1,458.50. (Capi
tal expenditures), club No. 2, $6,400;
Camp Brown, $5,300, and for ex
pansion work and new club#, $24,000.
47.441 were naturalized citizens. Of
the total number of passport appli
j cants, 47,696 had previously been
j Issued them and were granted re
! newals.
Officials of steamship lines and
travel bureaus and of the American
Express Co. have their own opinions
about the reasons for increases in
I foreign travel. Two of these au
j thorities cite the increased popularity
of Summer camps for children as an
^ important factor. With Junior or little
Mary safely ensconced for the Sum
* mer under excellent supervision in a
I vacation spot with others of their age,
I mother and dad feel freer to go on a
vacation of their own than they have
; done in other years. Summer camps
are giving travel freedom to parents
in increasing numbers, say the ob
servers of travel statlstica.
CUMMER is also the season for
honeymooners and this year
shows that marriages are definitely on
the Increase—an important factor foi
consideration. Also, with the closini
of schools, and the stabilizing of dad's
income in these days of better In
comes, more youths are being granted
the opportunities afforded by a trip
abroad. Another factor in seasonal
Increase is, of course, the opening of
resorts abroad. College graduates are
also beginning to follow in Increasing
numbers the English custom of adding
a trip abroad as the finishing touch
to an education, and a great majority
of those crossing the Atlantic may be
found under the lists of "students."
There has been a record Interest
this season In the Scandinavian
countries and the Mediterranean
seems also to be staging a comeback
In popular favor, with heavy August
bookings. In fact, the American
export, and Italian lines report a 13d
on Pag*
STREAM OF AMERICAN TRAVEL ABROAD SWELLS IN VOLUME;
•- *__ _ *-- I
Washington Has Noticeable Share in Number of Its
Citizens Who Go to Other Countries for
Business or Pleasure in Tours.
By Lucy Salamanca.
OR the first time in the nine
years she has been in charge
of the passport division of the
State Department, Mrs. Ruth
Shipley had to ask Congress this year
for a deficiency appropriation to take
care of increased business and to print
an unprecedented supply of passports
in answer to an extraordinary public
demand.
The entire country, it seems, will
be wished ‘‘bon voyage” this season,
and, with 1,300 Washingtonians hav
ing applied for passports in the first
five months of 1937, and some 1,500
Boy Scouts about to embark upon an
International Jamboree in Holland
during July and August, at the conclu
sion of their visit to Washington, cer
tainly the Capital City will have a
fair share of its citizens waving fare
well at the docks or returning adieus
at the ship’s rail.
Quite inexplicably, the United States
of America seems to have become
travel conscious, and that travel con
sciousness has taken an International
turn. Not even the coronation, In the
opinion of Mrs. Shipley, can account
for the great numbers who have
flocked abroad this season to date, for
their destinations were too various to
warrant the conclusion they were
coronation-bound.
While the State Department looks
for a normal increase of about 10
per cent in foreign travel a year, the
records this Summer have amazed
them. Increases have been as much
as 38 per cent, 56 per cent, and, during
March, as high as 87 per cent over sim
ilar months in other years. This can
be realized more readily by compara
tive figures. In 1936, for example, in
the month of January, 5,098 travelers
went abroad from the United States.
In the corresponding month this year,
7,046 were issued passports. In Febru
ary last year there were 4,918 voyagers
-Across the sea: this year in Febnuuy,
there were 7,716. Thus in liuft.
1936, there were 8,071. and In March.
1937, there were 15,151. April saw
15,509 citizens taking leave in 1936;
in 1937 the same month saw 24,784.
In May, 1936, there were 27,725 trav
elers abroad; in 1937, for the same
month, 33,202.
DIG vessels and small leave New York
this season, crowded to capacity
with vacationists abroad, the majority
of them headed for France. France,
too, is the favorite destination of resi
dents of the Capital, according to Mrs.
Shipley, who believes that it is a land
every one puts on his “must” travel
list at some time or other.
This year, of course, there is the
added attraction of the Paris Exposi
tion, to direct the route of the visitor,
but even in years when no special
events are scheduled, Washingtonians
seem to lean toward this objective.
There is another trend that seems
to be general this season, and is cer
tainly evident so far as residents of
the District are concerned. More peo
ple are taking their automobiles with
them on their foreign trips this sea
son. When the Normandie sailed out
of New York Harbor, for example, in
the first week of June, there were 63
automobiles aboard. One of the rea
sons for this movement on the part
of Americans, Mrs. Shipley believes,
Is the fact that it is now fairly simple
to secure international licenses and
also that roads are in better condition
now in other countries than they have
been heretofore. In Italy particular
ly, under the dictatorship of Musso
lini, good roads have become part of
a national program, and as a result,
there is much more pleasure than
formerly in driving through the coun
tryside in one's own car.
There is another trend that we
wager Mr. Joseph Kennedy of the
Maritime Commission and others in
terested In the development of a
United States of America Merchant
Marine, will view with gratification.
That is a growing tendency fa Anser
With travel in Europe at its highest peak in years, more than
1,300 Washingtonians on their way abroad waved good-by to
the Statue of Liberty during the first five months of this year.
leans to travel American. It has been
pointed out by Government qfflcials
that, by patronizing American ves
sels. American citizens could build
their Nation to a position on the high
seas second to none, whereas in the
recent past they have been sending
of American dolors period
Ically to maintain the marine of other
nations, neglecting American vessels
and contributing, by that neglect, to
the general decadence of our posi
tion in international commerce. That,
It seems likely, is on the way to cor
rection, and there has Jften an ex
pressed preference this affion on the
part, of those accustomed to travel by
other lines, for our own ships. Cer
tainly the Washington, when last she
put out from harbor, was crowded to
the rails, and many notables w'ere in
evidence.
of the larger lines in
1U1 111 Ufl that there has been a
[ scramble this year for de luxe reser
vations, which would seem to Indicate
that prosperity is, indeed, with us
once again. Washington, again,
stands out as a city of citizens inclined
to enjoy the more luxurious accom
modations. "Bargaining” seems to
be on the way out, and top accom
modations are being freely purchased.
There is a decided falling off in the
number of requests for installment
plan tickets.
Another interesting conclusion one
is able to draw from a perusal of the
lists of dates, is that the American
housewife can’t fool us much longer
about being a stay-at-home. The
American housewife, it seems, forms a
very large per cent of the traveling
element, and one would conclude that
it is the American provider who re
mains on American soil, while his
wife departs to take a look at Paris in
the Spring or London during the sea
son.
As a matter of fact, one is due for
many a gentle jolt in considering the
sailing lists. For example, the "skilled
laborer” seems to take plenty of time
off from his labor to take in foreign
sights. While the figures for 1937
have not yet been broken down by oc
cupation, those of 1936 may be con
sidered typical of recent trends in
travel in this respect.
Thus, in a year when 141,996 in
dividuals received passports or re
newals for foreign travel, "house
wives” represented the greatest per
cent as a class, numbering 19,780 or
13.93 per cent of all those traveling.
Next, occupationally, came those clas
sified as "students," numbering 16.699
or 11.78 par eent^f tbs whole, lbs
"skilled-laborer’* accounted for 11.303
passengers, ''teachers” for 12,936.
There were only 611 actors and 710
writers. Listed as traveling for
religious purposes were 2,783 indi
viduals. ''Clerks” and ''secretaries” by !
far outstripped their bosses, it ap- 1
pears, in their ability to visit foreign!
shores, for there were 7.838 thus listed,1
as against 4.444 “executives.”
rPHE reasons given for foreign travel
are very diversified. They range i
from "official business” to “mis- J
sionary.” The greatest number simply |
register their purpose as "travel.”
Last year 70.231 thus expressed their
intention. The next greatest number j
in a single group gave as their object j
"family affairs.” There were 46,546
of these. For educational purposes
there were 7,213, and on "commercial I
business” went 5 240. "Professional
business” was listed next, with 3,394;
then in search of employment, or to
fill new positions abroad, 2,811.
There were 1.974 missionaries, 1,136 j
who left en “personal business,” 1,079 ■
for "scientific” purposes, and 909 who [
went abroad for “health."
Western Europe calls the greatest
number as a destination. In 1936
there were 168,178 individuals who
stated they contemplated visiting more
than one destination. Of this num
ber 115,485 expressed their intention
of making Western Europe their
destination, while Eastern Europe was
second preference, with 13,290 regis
tering this region as their destination.
The “Near East” came next in popu
larity, registered as the destination of
10.919, and closely followed by the
"Par East,” given as the destination
of 10,ff36. The Latin American coun
tries, the West Indies and Mexico
were the destinations of 9,940
travelers; there were 2,526 bound for
Africa and 1,974 for Australia.
Out of the 141.996 travelers last
year to foreign shores, 76,209 were
men and 65,787 were women; 94,555
were native American dtimna and
45
- Ml.. ^ II I————I ■! —— I m |' ii ——Mil ill i II ml
Games and reading help develop alert minds in the club All set for an outing, members of the Police Boys’ Club
library. prepare to board a bus.
De Luxe Accommodations Are Sought by Unusual
Proportion of Those Who Swamp Passport
Office—Fair and Conventions Lure.