WEATHER.
(O. S Weather Bureau Forecast.)
Fair and slightly warmer tonight; to- ^ V 1
morrow partly cloudy; gentle variable MS A
winds, becoming south. Temperatures to- M I ■
day—Highest, 70, at 2 p.m.; lowest, 48, H I \ ■ H
at 6 a.m. J I H fll
Full report on page A-16. B M
Closing New York Markets, Page 22 Yesterday’s Circulation, 142.942
/ ~~ I Some returns not yet received.)
Soth I LAI?. So. .U,121. post "fflee5 wc»snhinaton.inDttcr WASHINGTON, D. C., FRIDAY, OCTOBER 1, 1937—SIXTY-EIGHT PAGES. ***_pp> Mean. A.aociated press. TWO CENTS.~
t 1 ■ ■ ■ 1 - ■ -■ ■ - ■. .. 1 —
YARNELL SCORES JAPAN
FOR HANKOW’S BOMBING;
LEAGUE GETS NEW PLEA
Denies Evacuation
by Sept. 26 Was
Promised.
CHINESE HOLD
SHANGHAI LINE
500 Foes Reported
Annihilated in
Kiangwan.
BACKGROUND—
Nearly two weeks ago Japan
warned foreigners their safety could
not be assured in Nanking, and
several heavy bombing raids were
made subsequently on Chinese cap
ital. but anti-aircraft defenses of
city prevented any widespread de
struction. Hundreds of Chinese
non-combatants were killed or
wounded, however, and American
Embassy was temporarily moved to
the gunboat Luzon in the Yangtze.
Two American protests have proved
ineffective.
By the Associated Press.
SHANGHAI, October 1.—Sharp
condemnation of Japanese bombing of
Hankow and the Hankow-Canton
Railway on September 25 came today
from Rear Admiral Harry Yarnell,
commander of the United States
Asiatic Fleet.
A Japanese spokesman had said the
Japanese Navy was informed by
United States Ambassador Nelson T.
Johnson that all Americans and other
foreigners had been evacuated from
Hankow and surrounding territory by
noon of September 26.
This Admiral Yarnell flatly denied,
Ravine- Amb&Rsnrinr .Tnhnsnn tin
such information, but instead told the
Japanese that foreigners would be
evacuated from Hankow and the sur
rounding vicinity after September 26.
‘‘The statement by a Japanese naval
spokesman that Japanese authorities
had been informed by Ambassador
Johnson that evacuation of Americans
and other foreigners from Hankow
and thereabouts would be completed
by noon, September 26. was entirely in
error, as no such information had been
given out by the Ambassador,” Ad
miral Yarnell stated.
‘‘There were negotiations with Jap
anese authorities to withhold the
bombing of the Hankow-Canton rail
ways until September 26 to permit
three small parties of Americans to
reach Canton safely. Notice was given
them, however, that there would be
additional parties later.
‘‘There are in the Yangtze Valley
feveral thousand foreigners, one thou
sand of whom are Americans. Many
of these persons will wish to leave
China at various times and it is imper
ative that a safe route to reach one of
me seaports irom tne Yangtze Valley
be agreed upon.”
Chinese Holding Own.
Meanwhile, the Chinese defenders
of Shanghai reported they were hold
ing their own all along the line and,
in some sectors, sharply counter-at
tacking.
In the vicinity of Kiangwan, the
Chinese reported, their counter-attack
resulted in a virtual rout of Japanese
troops. The Japanese admitted Kiang
wan civic center buildings had been
“evacuated” but they contended their
lines in the rear were unchanged. The
Chinese told of surrounding and an
nihilating 500 Japanese soldier in that
sector.
A Japanese army spokesman said
Japanese casualties in the last five
weeks of fighting on the Shanghai
front totalled 7,530 men. Of this
number. 1,893 were killed in action
and the rest wounded. These figures
did not include naval losses, which
have been considerable.
The Japanese estimated Chinese
losses in the same period at 20,000
killed and 35,000 wounded.
Reports from Peiping said that
t See SHANGHAI .Page AC)
-—-•
RIPPED PARACHUTE
COSTS GIRL’S LIFE
Two Blood Transfusions Fail to
Save Gloria Allen, 17, Who
Fell 1,700 Feet.
S> the Associated Press.
FARMVILLE, Va., October 1.—
Gloria Allen, 17, died today of in
juries suffered last week in a fall
with a ripped parachute.
The pretty, professional 'chute
Jumper died at a hospital here,
where two blood transfusions had
been given in an effort to save her
life. Her home was in Batavia, N. Y.
The body will be sent to Batavia
for funeral services and burial.
Gloria fell with her torn ‘chute
from a height of about 1,700 feet in
a performance last week at a fair at
Blackstone. The fabric of the para
chute was ripped as she dropped
from a balloon, but the girl gamely
“pedalled and prayed” to maneuver
herself five times under the ‘chute
to block her fall.
The 'chute collapsed the last time
when she was about 12 feet above the
ground. Both legs were broken and
she suffered shock and other injuries.
The parachute snagged somehow on
clothing of her brother, Eddie, 19, who
also was hanging to the balloon with
Bister Florence, 15. The cloth tore
from side to center and the girl
dropped like a rock.
Inventor Dies.
LONDON, October 1 (&)■—Arthur
Kitson, 78-year-old inventor who
worked with Edison on the original
electric light, died today. He also was
| a collaborator with Alexander Graham
Bell on the Invention of the telephone.
I »
4
j*-—- *i
Japan Admits
Warships Sank
Chinese Junks
Claims Self-Defense
Against Armed
Vessels.
B> the Associated Press.
TOKI0, October 1.—The navy min
istry admitted today that Japanese
warships attacked Chinese junks in
South China waters—(a number of
junks have been reported sunk and
several hundred persons drowned un
der shelling by Japanese warcraft.)
The attacks, the ministry’s state
ment declared, were necessary in self
defense.
“It must be understood that there
are many kinds of junks, some of
larger types which are armed with
cannons, also with rifles, pistols and
machine guns,” the statement read.
“While interrupting Chinese navi
gation along the Chinese coast (under
the Nippon coastal blockade), Jap
anese warships encountered large
junks numerous times in September.
Most of them used arms in resisting
inspectors from Japanese vessels.
“On September 9 such resistance
; caused casualties among Japanese
j bluejackets. Therefore, the Japanese
I ministry was forced to attack and
j silence them as entirely a self-defense
measure.”
BRITAIN BATTLING
Arab Higher Committee Is
Outlawed by Mandate
Authorities.
BACKGROUND—
Grou'ing outbreaks between Jews
and Arabs in Palestine since 1936
led Britain to appoint royal com
mission this year to recommend so
lution for problem. Partition into
Arab and Jewish states and a new
mandate, including the holy places,
recommended. Arabs bitterly re
sented such partition. Sunday Brit
ish Commissioner Lewis Andrews
and Constable Peter McEwan were
killed in a terrorist ambuscade at
Nazareth. Scores of Arabs arrested
for questioning.
—
| B> the Associated Press
i JERUSALEM. October 1.—Britain
| struck with an iron fist today to |
crush a new wave of terrorism in the
Holy Land. In a sweeping offensive
mandate authorities outlawed the
Arab Higher Committee and started
rounding up its influential members.
With telephone communication
from the city suspended and roads I
heavily guarded, police carried out
their large-scale operations before
dawn.
Silently they surrounded houses of
Arab leaders and searched them one
after the other. Dr. Hussein Khalidi,
Mayor of Jerusalem, and Fuad Saba,
secretary of the Higher Committee,
were reported to have been seized and
taken aboard the British cruiser
Sussex at Haifa.
Mufti Reported Arrested.
The Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, head
of the Higher Committee, was de
prived of his office and rumor was
he had been arrested.
(There was a report in Cairo,
Egypt, that the Mufti had fled to
the Mosque of Omar and defied
authorities to enter and arrest
him.)
The manager of an Arabian bank
was taken into custody.
Leaders caught in the police drag
(See JERUSALEM, Page A-3.)
Democratic Committeewoman Dies
BRIDGEPORT, Conn., October 1
WP).—Mrs. Josephine Flynn, Demo
cratic national committeewoman for
Connecticut, died today at her home
after a long illness.
China Urg es Nip
pon Be Convicted
as Aggressor.
ASKS BLOCKADE
BE CONDEMNED
Koo Resolution Is
Given Advisory
Committee.
BACKGROUND—
China has carried appeal against
Japan's invasion to League of Na
tions with invocation of Articles X,
XI and XVII of the covenant.
League’s Far East Advisory Com
mittee unanimously condemned
Japan's bombing of non-combatants
earlier this week, and League As
sembly unanimously adopted the
condemnation. United States is
represented on Advisory Committee
by Leland Harrison, Minister to
Switzerland.
Ei the Associated Press. —
GENEVA, October 1.—China today
flatly asked the League of Nations
Advisory Committee on the Sino
Japanese War, on which the United
States is a consultative member, to
declare her a victim of Japanese ag
gression.
The request embodied the draft
resolution submitted to the commit
tee by Dr. V. K. Wellington Koo, Chi
nese delegate to the League, and de
manded that the committee:
”1. Condemn the violation of in
ternational law and contractural ob
ligations” of which the resolution ac
cuses Japan:
”2. Condemn the illegal blockade of
the Chinese coasts;
”3. Declare the facts ‘constitute a
case of external aggression.’”
Text of Resolution.
The text of the draft resolution fol
lows :
"Whereas, Japan has taken the
initiative in sending to China power
ful armies which have invaded large
portions of Chinese territory;
"Whereas, Japan has proclaimed a
maritime blockade of China and her
fleet has bombarded various Chinese
ports:
“Whereas, the Japanese air force
has also proceeded in Chinese terri
tory to aerial bombardment, the ille
gal charatcer of which has been con
demned by resolution of this commit
tee on September 27, 1937, which was
indorsed by the Assembly meeting Sep
tember 28;
"Whereas. Japan has rejected over
tures made to her with a view to ar
rival at a pacific settlement of the
dispute;
"Whereas she has particularly de
clined the invitation made to her
September 21 to participate in the
work of the Advisory Committee;
"Whereas Japan has undertaken
nosuuues in aenance oi tne provi
sions of the Washington treaty of
February 22, 1922, of the pact of
Paris of April 27, 1928, of which
she was a signatory, and of the fun
damental rules of international law;
"Therefore, the Advisory Committee
condemns the violation of interna
tional law and contractual obliga
tions;
"It condemns the illegal blockade
of the Chinese coasts;
"It declares the facts noted above
constitute a case of external aggres
sion against a member of the League
of Nations under article 10 of the
covenant.”
• Subcommittee Meets.
The resolution was immediately re
ferred to a just-created subcom
mittee, which immediately met in
closed session.
Dr. Koo presented the demands
just a few minutes after the creation
of a subcommittee to formulate a
definite plan for action in the con
flict. The United States was made a
consultative member, participating on
on the same basis as in the full com
mittee.
The subcommittee was instructed to
"examine the situation arising out
of the Sino-Japanese conflict in the
Far East, discuss the questions in
volved and submit to the committee
such proposals as it might find fit."
Summary of Today's Star
Page. Page.
Comics .. D-10-11 Radio . D-4
Drama -C-5 Serial Siory B-20
Editorials .. A-12 Society ... B-3
Finance ... A-21 Sports_D-l-3
Lost & Found D-4 Woman's Pg. -C-6
Obituary ... A-14
WAR IN FAR EAST.
Koo asks League hold'Japan aggres
sor. Page A-l
Yarr.ell scores Japanese for bombing
of Hankow. Page A-l
Gen. Han, Shantung chief, loyal to
Nanking. Page A-4
FOREIGN.
Britain battling wave of terror in
Palestine. Page A-l
Endeavour reaches Gosport, hailed as
victor in sea saga. Page A-l
Duce seeking to dodge bid to 3-power
talk. Page A-4
Rebels intensify attack upon Spanish
capital. Page A-4
Crowds cheerful in Madrid as fighting
centers in Aragon. Page A-16
NATIONAL.
U. S. cotton policy designed to keep
world markets told. Page A-l
Biack to speak tonight from home of
R. F. C. general counsel. Page A-l
Copeland, New Deal critic, sees new
party as only hope. Page A-l
Bar Committee seeks compromise on
Black issue. Page A-3
Weather to decide course of Roose
velt’s trip today. Page A-*
I
WASHINGTON AND VICINITY.
Pugh will recall jury probing county
funds; four indicted. Page A-2
Elderly man and woman hit-and-run
automobile victims. Page A-6
J. A. Broderick quits as Federal Re
serve governor. Page A-10
More families expected to join Green
belt colony today. * Page B-l
Expanded services for crippled chil
dren planned here. Page B-l
Fidelity shareholders replying on re
organization. Page B-l
EDITORIAL AND COMMENT.
Editorials. Page A-12
This and That. Page A-12
Answers to Questions. , Page A-12
Political Mill. Page A-12
Washington Observations. Page A-12
David Lawrence. Page A-13
H. R. Baukhage. Page A-13
Dorothy Thompson. Page A-13
Constantine Brown. Page A-13
Lemuel Parton. Page A-13
MISCELLANY.
Shipping News. Page B-6
Traffic Convictions. Page B-6
Service Orders. Page B-6
Vital Statistics. Page B-6
City News in Brief. Page B-6
Nature’s Children. Page B-9
Betsy Caswell. Page C-6
Dorothy Dix. Page C-6
Cross-Word Puzzle. Page D-10
Bedtime Storiea. Page D-19
Letter-Out. Page D-ll
Winning Contract Page D-ll
I
/^HUGO.VbuvE
/SURPRISED METwiCE. \
/»DlDNT THINK You COULD \
GET A BLACK ROBE APPOINT-)/?
\MENT AND I NEVER k ~>7Je
S*\ dreamed You rnm
A>\ KEEP MUM about
/rXVo'SELF So LONG*
v ^ X 9»/
Endeavour’s Heroes Tell Story
Of Thrilling Battle With Sea
Proud but Battered Yacht Reaches Gos
port Amid Ovation—Sopwith Greets
Ship at Channel Entrance.
BACKGROUND—
Endeavour /, lost at sea after tow line parted in storm off Nantucket
September 13. was first sighted off Irish coast three days ago. When
hurricane struck. Endeavour luckily had no canms up. The bare poles
weathered the gale and, after the crew rode out the storm, supportd sails
to speed the yacht home.
___ *
By the Associated Press.
GOSPORT. England. October 1.—The racing yacht Endeavour I, proud
and defiant, reached the slip of her berth today, bringing back from the
Atlantic one of the most thrilling sagas of the sea this historic English port
town ever has known.
Standing on deck as the America’s cup challenger slipped through the
calm waters of the Solent was Ned Heard, Endeavour's bronzed 50-year-old
skipper, who, 20 days ago, was swept*-_
uiciuumu ui nu nuauuc nurncane,
caught a loose wire and pulled himself
back to complete the epic 2,700-mile
voyage under sail.
For the last 20 miles of the voyage,
up through the Needles and down the
Solent, Capt- Heard had nothing to
do. The yacht Viva II, from which
he cut loose off Nantucket September
13, had picked him up again and
towed him home.
Two hours before he arrived Gosport
was exulting. The quayside was strung
with Stars and Stripes and Union
Jacks. All imaginable types of craft
in full dress rig lined the channel.
First official greeting was given by
T. O. M. Sopwith’s yacht Philante.
which met the Endeavour at the
channel entrance. Sopwith. the En
deavour’s owrner, was aboard.
As the Viva, with the Endeavour in
tow', passed the royal yacht squadron
at Cowes, the historic club unfurled
its flags and paid tribute to what will
go down as probably the most famous
yacht ever to represent Great Britain
in the most famous of racing events
on the high seas.
Reception Given Crew.
A special reception for the crew
at a local hotel was ordered by the
Mayor of nearby Portsmouth.
Heard, acclaimed as a modest hero,
conceded the hurricane was "pretty
bad,” but minimized the fury of the
storm and his own narrow escape.
"I was not washed clear of the
boat at all,” he said; "just over the
side.”
.iiio ucw daiu. iwwcvci, uiat cue
captain was pulled back just as he
was dangling in the water. The storm
hit them at 10:30 p.m., September
13, the sailors said, and lasted through
out the night.
“We did not know we had lost
the Viva until next morning,” Heard
said, “and then we could not rouse
anybody because of the limited range
of our wireless.”
A glance below deck indicated
something of the severity of the storm.
The mess steps were tom away and
the cabin table, which had been
bolted to the floor, was torn loose
and dashed to bits.
Heard was somewhat annoyed by
the excitement as he arrived with a
crowd of some 20,000 persons lining
both sides of the channel.
Case Holds Lard—Not Rum.
Smiling Joe Uglow, the second cook,
told graphically how the crew was
imprisoned in the hurricane-tossed
steel hull for nine hours, but he in
sisted the most dismaying moment
of the amazing 18-day voyage was
the discovery that their last case
of rum was just a tank of lard.
“We were at the mercy of the waves
for nine hours,” Uglow said. “Water
rushed in on us like a Niagara. We
were just a ship of steel—under water
most of the time—with gigantic
waves breaking over us.”
The good-natured cook said, “It was
every man for the pumps” when the
trim craft broke her tow line off
Nantucket on her return voyage to
England after the America’s Cup
races.
“We worked frantically, the sweat
rolling off us, during that nine-hour
hurricane, which none of us will ever
forget.
“It was just unthinkable for any
one to lie down, and, even if we had
wanted to, it was physically impos
sible. We were thrown about likS
ninepins. We were like rats in a
trap, utterly helpless and at the
mercy of the raging sea.
“My end of the job was to keep
the fellows in good heart by get
ting meals ready for them, and they
never went without a hot dinner
until some meat went bad.
“When at last the hurricane passed
over and it was possible for the men
to go on watch on deck, the seas
were still so rough it was neces
sary for them to be attached to
life lines and lashed to the rheel.
Even then they were waist deep in
water for many hours.”
I
COPELAND VISIONS
3D PARTY AS HOPE
Must Be Formed if New Deal
Is to Be Beaten in 1940,
Senator Declares.
BY J. A. O’LEARY.
Success for the New Deal in the
1940 national elections seems inevit
able at this time unless a new party
can be formed. Senator Copeland,
Democrat, of New York, who has
opposed the administration on fre
quent occasions, predicted here today.
He indicated his view is based on
a belief the spending policies of W. P.
A. and other alphabetical agencies
have given the New Deal the support
of large groups of voters.
"If the Treasury was no longer
called on for large sums of money to
be expended in these various activi
ties, there undoubtedly would be a
readjustment,” Copeland said.
Asked who he thought would be the
New Deal candidate in 1940, the New
York Senator replied:
“Roosevelt first, La Follette second
and Lewis third—one of those three.”
new rarty only Hope.
In addition to the President, he was
referring to the Progressive Senator La
Follette of Wisconsin and John L.
Lewis, leader of the C. I. O.
Copeland said he did not believe the
New Deal could be defeated by re
building the Republican party, adding,
“the only way is by a new party.”
Asked if he had noticed any change
in public sentiment on the Supreme
Court enlargement proposal since it
was sidetracked in the Senate, Cope
land, one of the opponents, said he
believed sentiment against it is be
coming crystalized and that “the Black
incident has clinched it.”
Will Listen to Talk.
This was the only reference he made
to charges concerning Supreme Court
Justice Hugo L. Black’s reputed Ku
Klux Klan membership, except to say
he planned to listen to the justice’s
radio talk tonight.
Senator Copeland, who was de
feated recently in the three-cornered
primary race for nomination for
Mayor of New York City, renewed
his support of Jeremiah Mahoney, the
Democratic primary winner. Point
ing out that both Mahoney and Mayor
La Guardia, who is seeking re-elec
tion, are both New Deal supporters, he
said he would back the Democratic
nominee.
The New York Senator said he did
not believe there would be an extra
session before January, although he
has heard unofficial speculation on
the liklihood of this.
HOOVER TO SPEAK
Addresses Massachusetts Q. 0. P.
Soon, Boston Paper Says.
BOSTON, October 1 <A>).—The Globe
says Herbert Hoover will come to Bos
ton “within a month” to address the
Republican Club of Massachusetts and
it is "strongly indicated” that his pur
pose is to discuss his proposal of a
general conference of all Republican
leaders next Spring.
The former President suggested last
August that leaders and delegates
should meet “for the purpose of mak
ing a declaration of fundamental
principles."
The paper said club officials were
making arrangements for the speech,
but gave no details.
4
P. W. A. WILL SHIFT
TO REGIONAL BASIS
Action Will Be Taken to
Achieve Economies, Says
Secretary Ickes.
Br the Associated Press.
Secretary Ickes announced today
that the field organization of the Pub
lic Works Administration would be
shifted November 1 from a State to
a regional basis "to achieve economies.”
Ickes, P. W. A. administrator, did
not announce details of the new re
gional set-up. but said it would be
patterned after the “natural geo
graphical subdivisions of the Nation
frequently proposed by the National
Resources Committee and embraced in
pending conservation legislation.”
The P. W. A. now has under way a
$1,986,592,702 construction program
embracing 2,980 projects, either un
der construction, under contract or
alloted.
The transfer of work from the pres
ent State offices to regional head
quarters on November 1, Ickes said,
"will permit marked savings in over
head, rent, supplies, equipment and
personnel."
He said no new persons would be
employed and regional staffs would be
selected from present employes.
Ickes, in Instructions to State ad
ministrators. said:
"Due to the rapid completion of
activities under the old program and
the necessity for completing the re
maining program of the Public Works
Administration at a minimum of ad
ministrative expense, it has become
necessary to close all State offices
and establish regions comprised of
several States, each region to be in
charge of a regional director. This
necessary action has been delayed un
til there could be some appraisment
of the future of the Public Works
program.
"I have been highly satisfied with
the Public Works organization through
the years of its existence. Its integrity
and efficiency as a whole have never
been attacked, which is a credit to
all members of the staff, and I con
gratulate you on your part in this
achievement. It is with keen regret
that I am compelled to put into effect
this partial dissolution of an out
standing Government agency.”
JUSTICE PROBING
RUBBER FIRMS’ BIDS
Fourteen Companies Submit Iden
tical Proposals for Sale of
Tires to Treasury.
By the Associated Press.
The Treasury announced today It
had referred to the Justice Depart
ment and the Federal Trade Com
mission evidence the Treasury said
showed that 14 rubber companies
had submitted Identical bids for the
sale of tires and tubes to the Gov
ernment.
All the bids were rejected, the
Treasury said, after Attorney Gen
eral Cummings gave an opinion that
“the conclusion was justified that
these identical bids were the result
of collusive action and of a combina
tion in restraint of trade.”
Cummings suggested, the Treasury
said, that "the whole matter be re
ferred to the Department of Justice
with a view to prosecution.”
Accordingly, the announcement con
tinued, all the bids and other data
were referred to the Justice Depart
ment and the trade commission “for
action.”
EMPRESS’ UNCLE DIES
✓ ’
Prince Taka Kuni Was Grand
Custodian of Sacred Shrine.
KYOTO, Japan, October 1 C43).—
Prince Taka Kuni, uncle of Empress
Nagako of Japan, died today.
Emperor Hlrohlto ordered a three
day court mourning, beginning Sat
urday. The Empress will observe
mourning for 90 days. The Empress'
uncle, 61, was the grand custodian
of the great shrine at Ise.
Ship Reported Sinking.
LONDON, October 1 OP).—Lloyds
said today the French steamer Briseis,
2,964 tons, struck on the rocks of
Guernsey, English Channel island
just off the coast of France, and is
sinking.
1
U. $. COTTON PLAN
DESIGNED 10 KEEP
WORLD’SMARKET
Processing Tax to Finance
Payments to Farmers
Suggested by Wallace.
A.A.A. ‘SELF-SUSTAINING’
PROGRAM IS RECALLED
Middle Course to Adjust Produc
tion, Yet Fill Needs Here
and Abroad Is Aim.
Bj the Associated Press.
MEMPHIS, Term., October 1.—Sec
retary of Agriculture Henry Wallace
made public here today a six-point
Government cotton policy designed to
"serve notice to the world that the
United States intends to keep its place
in the world cotton market.”
He emphasized the administration's
view that the Government should
supplement the market price with pay
ments to co-operating farmers on an
allotted production goal, probably
financed by a “reasonable processing
tax.”
Pointing out that the South would
"find it difficult to get large subsidies
from the general Treasury year after
year,” he declared “it may be that the
farmers of the South may want to
ask Congress to go back to the prin
ciple of letting the commodity itself
bear the load of providing the needed
funds.”
“The processing tax on cotton in
effect under the agricultural adjust
ment act," he added, “made the
cotton programs nearly self-financing
for two and a half years up to the
time the Supreme Court nullified the
tax and handed millions of dollars of
tax money over to the processors. If
a processing tax is considered favor
ably as a source of funds to finance
a cotton program, the tax should be
moderate in amount.”
“Permanent Solution.”
The permanent solution to the com
plex cotton problem, Wallace told a
meeting attended by agricultural of
ficials of nine cotton-growing States,
lies In a “middle course” which would
continue "such moderate adjustment
of production as would preserve and
build up the fertility of the soil and
still allow production of at least as
much cotton as the marked of this
and other countries have been accus
tomed to take.”
Such a policy, he averred, offers
the best hope for enabling the South
to earn a bigger income. Increasing
the income of the Cotton Belt, he said,
would help solve the “share-cropper
problem, and the problem of disease
and lack of education among some
groups, and almost every problem that
has drawn the attention of reformer
and sociologist to the South.”
“Huge cotton crops and huge exports
are a mockery if they do not mean
a fair return to the producers,” he
said. “So are the low crops and high
prices if they fail to meet the need
of the cotton farmer and those de
pendent upon him for enough money
to feed, clothe and educate his
family.”
Outlines Middle Course.
His "middle course," he said, would:
1. Continue "such moderate ad
justment of production as would pre
serve and build up the fertility of
the soil" and still allow production
of at least as much cotton as the
markets could take.
2 Encourage greater consumption of
cotton in ways that would raise the
standards of living of all of our
people.
3. Provide for increased produc
tion of home food and feed crops.
4. Serve notice to the world the
United States intends to keep its place
in the world market and supplement
the market price with payments to
co-operating farmers on an allotted
production goal.
5. Provide authority for loans to
prevent price collapse.
6. Provide authority for marketing
quotas on the entire crop, to be used
after a referendum of producers in
time of emergency as a further pro
tection against disaster from crushing
surpluses.
The address reviewed criticism that
the recently-announced 9-cent loan
and price-adjustment payment of 3
cents a pound on this year’s crop—the
latter to be made on only 65 per cent
of each producer’s 1937 base—and said
farmers taking advantage of the offer
would realize at least 9 cents a pound
on 7/g-inch staple and middling grade,
“substantially below what we would
all like to see as the price of cotton."
i/im ncuucuon Dcncuis,
But, he reminded, cotton farmers
should not forget "that relatively fa
vorable prices” in other commodities
have been caused by reduced crops,
due to drought and other causes.
He replied to administration oppo
nents’ criticism that “the entire ex
pansion of cotton production abroad”
has been caused by the various triple
A programs, saying that the increased
foreign production followed a long
time trend that had its beginning be
fore the A. A. A.
He laid the present crisis to in
creased domestic production (16,000,
000 bales in the South this year) on
a moderately-increased acreage and a
greatly-increased yield, the increased
foreign production and the failure of
increased foreign and domestic con
sumption to keep pace with both for
eign and domestic production that in
dicates a world carryover by next
August of 17,000,000 or 18,000,000
bales.
Wallaoe said the solution does not
lie in continued loans and rigid pro
duction control as a means of main
taining price unless farmers “are
willing to say goodbye to their export
outlets and go on a domestic basis.”
On the other hand, he said, empha
sis on volume might lead to big pro
duction abroad and push prices down
toward "the 5-cent level of 1932 or
even lower.”
« \
A
BUCK WILL SPEAK
OVER RADIO FROM
Justice to Answer Klan
Charges From Residence
of R. F. C. Counsel.
TEXT OF TALK TONIGHT
IS CLOSELY GUARDED
Address First Time Supreme Court
Member Used Air in Con
troversial Subject.
BACKGROUND—
Intimations that Hugo t. Black
had been a member of the Ku Klux
Klan were heard on the Senate
floor shortly after he had been
named successor to Supreme Court
Justice Van Devanter, retired.
Friends of Black said they under
stood he was not a Klansman, how
ever, and the nomination was ap
proved. After newspaper disclos
ures indicating Klan membership,
several Senators said they would
not have voted for him had they
known he was a member of the
order.
BY JOHN H. CLINE.
Carrying his case to the country,
Supreme Court Justice Hugo L. Black
tonight wiU answer charges that he
is a member of the Ku Klux Klan in
a radio address delivered from the
living room of the modest home of a
friend, Claude E. Hamilton jr., 3122
Tennyson street.
Justice Black will speak at 9:30 p.m.
Hamilton is general counsel for the
Reconstruction Finance Corp., and he
and his wife have been friends of the
Blacks "for a long time.” Mrs. Hamil
ton said. She added she was quite
excited at the prospect of having the
speech made from her home.
"I think it will be very historic and
interesting,” she declared.
The Hamilton home is a compara
tively small brick structure of Co
lonial design. The room from which
he will speak is one of the two prin
cipal rooms on the first floor, the
other being the dining room.
Preparations to Take Seat.
It was also learned today Supreme
Court attaches are making prepara
tions for Black to take his seat Mon
day. As the newest member of the
tribunal he will take the place of
Justice Cardoza, on the extreme left
of Chief Justice Hughes, and a print
ed slip showing this seat distribution
has been prepared for visitors.
When Justice Black begins his
talk it will mark the first time a
Supreme Court justice b's used the
radio to discuss a controversial sub
ject.
His decision to broadcast his an
swer to the Klan charges presumably
was based on two factors. First was
Ijis animosity toward certain sections
of the press that opposed his legisla
tive policies and his appointment to
the court. The second factor, in all
probability, was the belief he could
present his case most effectively in a
personal talk, after the manner of the
President's famous “fireside" radio
talks.
Three radio chains. National, Co
lumbia and Mutual, will carry the
talk, making it available to about 285
stations. It will be broadcast locally
over Stations WRC, WMAL, WJSV
and WOL.
Contents of Address Guarded.
The contents of the address are
being closely guarded and the justice
may not make copies available to the
V* i I/O UU1«C1 V.
There is every reason to' believe
Justice Black will deal directly with
the principal charge—that he joined
the Klan in Birmingham, Ala., in
1923, resigned in 1925 and then ac
cepted a life membership in the order
in 1926. The possibility that he might
deny the charge in toto still remained,
but most of his friends believe he will
admit that he once joined the Klan,
taking the position that his resigna
tion in 1925 was positive and final and
that presentation of the gold life
membership card the following year
was merely a gesture of friendship
and did not have the effect of read
mitting him to the Klan.
Should he take the latter position,
it is expected he will cite his record
in the Senate in support of liberal
legislation as disproving the allegations
that he Is imbued with religious or
racial prejudices.
Justice Black today is presumably
putting finishing touches on the ad
dress and consulting with a few inti
mates concerning the desirability of
changes in phraseology.
He left the Alexandria home of
Mrs. Black's brother-in-law and sister,
Mr. and Mrs. Clifford J. Durr, early
yesterday morning, a friend explain
ing that he "wanted to be all by him
self somewhere to work on the speech."
Durr, an R. p. c. attorney, handled
arrangements for the broadcast. The
radio networks assigned Black half an
hour in event his talk should exceed
the 20 minutes he said he would re
quire.
uiner justices Broadcast.
His address will not be the first
broadcast by a member of the Supreme
Court, but it will be the first one of
a controversial nature.
The late Chief Justice Taft, Chief
Justice Hughes and the late Justice
Oliver Wendell Holmes all made radio
addresses.
Taft spoke in connection with a cam
paign to raise money for Yale Uni
versity. Hughes delivered addresses
that were broadcast at the laying of
the comer stone of the new Supreme
Court Building and at annual meetings
of the American Law Institute here.
Holmes spoke briefly on his ninetieth
birthday.
Last Winter, former Justice John
H. Clark of San Diego, discussed Presi
dent Roosevelt’s court reorganization
plan over the radio. Clark resigned
in 1922.
Broadcasting officials said Black
would not be required to submit his
speech for approval before gobtx on
the air.
*